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Journal articles on the topic 'Forest in literature'
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1
Bach Pagès, Albert, Josep Peñuelas, Jana Clarà, Joan Llusià, Ferran Campillo i López, and Roser Maneja. "How Should Forests Be Characterized in Regard to Human Health? Evidence from Existing Literature." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 3 (February 6, 2020): 1027. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17031027.
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The potential of forests as a source of health has been addressed by the scientific community and is now being considered in national forest strategies, management plans and policies. Studies identifying the mechanisms by which forest characteristics may induce these effects on human health are nevertheless scarce. This systematic review of literature on forests and human health with real-life human exposure was conducted to assess the extent to which forests have been studied and described in detail and the extent to which relationships between forest variables and health effects have been reported. The analysis underlines the lack of forest descriptions in 19.35% of the 62 studies selected for review as well as the high heterogeneity of forest variables’ description. Patterns among the articles could not be identified correlating the broader forest variable (forest type) and the most studied health variables identified (blood pressure, pulse rate or/and cortisol levels). These findings, together with previous ex situ researches, suggest the need to ameliorate and incorporate more accurate descriptions of forest variables within human health studies to provide data for forest management and the potential use of these habitats for preventive medicine and clinical practice guidelines.
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Sarfo-Adu, Gordon Kofi. "Forest Tenure and Sustainable Forest Management: Drawing Lessons from the Literature." Environmental Management and Sustainable Development 10, no. 2 (February 25, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v10i2.18345.
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The quest to foster sustainable forest management (SFM) in the era of sustainable development goals has reignited the debate on forest tenure concerns. Land and forest tenure insecurity has remained a major underlying cause of deforestation in Africa, which suggests that addressing tenure issues could effectively foster sustainable forest management. Adopting theoretical literature and drawing lessons from related empirical works, this study examines the role of land and forest tenure in sustainable forest management drive. Among other things, the study discusses how land tenure promotes or inhibits sustainable forest practices. The study outlines how frustrating tenure regimes deprive the community of the needed benefits and subsequent untoward behaviour unleashed on forests. The study concludes that the idea of tenure rights and tenure security has implications on sustainable forest management and admonishes a robust tenure regime that upholds local 'people's access to and usage of forest resources without sinister machinations and subjugation of local people. The study contends that determined rights and their long-term security remain crucial in attracting the tenure holders to make a strenuous investment in SFM since investments in forestry usually are made for the long term. Among other things, the study recommends for clarity and long-term security of ownership and tenure rights regarding forest products; a need to promote capacity-building for administrators and rights holders to adopt a sustainable mindset in their exploitation of timber products; and a need to foster stakeholder participation.
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Kivuva, Joyce. "ROLE OF FOREST DIVERSIFICATION IN PROMOTING TOURISM.A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW." Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 1, no. 1 (August 6, 2021): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/jht.768.
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Purpose: Global Tourism destinations provide different products which satisfy tourists with different interests, needs and wants. The general objective of the study was to establish the role of forest diversification in promoting tourism
Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps.
Findings: The study concludes that forest tourism products were positively and significantly influenced the tourism sustainability (r=0.258, p=0.001). This meant that a unitary increase in the forest tourism products leads to an increase in tourism sustainability by 0.258 units.
Majority of the tourists’ and destination operators agreed that cultural tourism experienced influenced tourism sustainability. Some of the cultural tourism practices experienced were visiting historical sites, tasting local food and drinks, listening to local music, witnessing local dancing, viewing local artifacts, visiting sacred sites, witnessing local basket making, sighting traditional homes, attending local cultural shows/events and local religious events and home staying in rural villages
Recommendations: The study recommends that forest tourism stakeholders should devise plans and ways of countering the challenges that face the forest tourism diversification These challenges included; inadequate relevant information about the forest tourism product; inadequate facilities in the forests such as rest centers, walking trails; poor quality services; unethical guiding practices such as request for tips, use of vulgar language; hostile residents; inadequate signage; unfavorable prices of forest activities; insecurity; unhealthy environment; poor communication facilities and inadequacy in tourism product diversity. These can be mitigated by building sustainable transport and communication infrastructure, encouraging community participation of the tourist resources, training tour guides, encouraging community visits to the sites and creating awareness on the importance to preserve tourist sites. The study suggested that cultural tourism practices in the indigenous forests in counties should be fully profiled and funds for its full establishment be allocated
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Loubota Panzou, Grace Jopaul, Yannick Enock Bocko, Alain Yves Mavoungou, and Jean-Joël Loumeto. "Height–diameter allometry in African monodominant forest close to mixed forest." Journal of Tropical Ecology 37, no. 2 (March 2021): 98–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467421000183.
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AbstractAfrican monodominant forests are frequently formed by Gilbertiodendron dewevrei (De Wild.) J. Leonard and commonly found close to mixed forests. However, previous studies have ignored differences between these two forest types in height–diameter allometry, which is extremely important for aboveground biomass (AGB) estimates. This study aims to evaluate the performance of height–diameter models and their effects on height attributes and AGB estimations in African monodominant and mixed forests. Four 1-ha plots divided in 16 subplots (0.25 ha) were installed in each forest type in northern Republic of Congo. We measured diameter of all trees ≥ 10 cm diameter for each subplot and we measured the height of 264 trees over a large range of 7–64 m in two forest types. There was a significant difference in height–diameter allometry between two forest types and trees were taller and had greater AGB in monodominant forests than in mixed forests. Two height–diameter models from the literature generated the lowest error values when predicting tree height and AGB in mixed forests, whereas no model derived from the literature was appropriate for monodominant forests. The variation in height–diameter allometry between monodominant and mixed forests influences AGB estimates that have practical implications for carbon monitoring.
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Poratelli, Francesca, Simone Blanc, Liam Pippinato, Raffaele Zanchini, Stefano Bruzzese, and Filippo Brun. "Willingness to pay for certified wooden products: a critical literature review." Forestry Studies 76, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 46–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fsmu-2022-0003.
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Abstract Forest certifications aim to promote sustainable forest management through the certification of forest products derived from forests managed according to a set of guidelines. However, managing a forest following the sustainability benchmarks indicated by the different certification systems has a higher cost than non-certified forests. This cost difference is therefore reflected in products made from these certified forests. An Environmentally Certified Timber Product (ECTP), in fact, should be more expensive than its identical competitor made from non-certified wood because of its higher management and chain of custody costs. The purpose of this review is to highlight how, over the past decade (2010–2020), customer willingness to pay (WTP) for ECTPs has been estimated and what parameters lead consumers to choose ECTPs. Results revealed several methodologies for estimating WTP, the main one being Contingent Valuation, although Discrete Choice Experiments would seem to be more effective. In monetary terms, the average WTP obtained ranges from 17% for products with a higher base price, such as furniture, up to 68% for those with a lower price, such as paper. Finally, several parameters drive consumers to choose ECTPs, such as socio-demographic factors, prior knowledge of brands and labels, and choice of product attributes.
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Doimo, Ilaria, Mauro Masiero, and Paola Gatto. "Forest and Wellbeing: Bridging Medical and Forest Research for Effective Forest-Based Initiatives." Forests 11, no. 8 (July 22, 2020): 791. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11080791.
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Research Highlights: This review gives an overview of existing literature on the emerging topic of human wellbeing-forest contact nexus and provides a preliminary framework linking forests to wellbeing by highlighting key variables affecting this relationship. Background and Objectives: Existing literature reveals the psychological, physiological and social wellbeing benefits of contact with forest ecosystems; however, the role of forests in this relationship remains largely unexplored. The objectives of this review are twofold: (i) to provide an overview of the contributions of forest experiences to human wellbeing and the related interplay with forest ecosystems and (ii) to identify knowledge gaps to inform future research and systematize information available for forest managers and planners to support the development of effective forest-based initiatives. Materials and Methods: A scoping review was performed with a five-phase method integrating a systematic approach on Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed databases and snowball search. Studies were analyzed using a descriptive-analytical method. Results: Overall, 93 papers were included in the review. These are mainly from health-related sciences providing limited information for forest managers, planners and practitioners. Four main underlying variables of the forest-wellbeing relationship are identified: interaction, forest features, sensorial dimension of the forest and individual traits and reactions. Conclusions: Forest-based initiatives provide good opportunities for supporting public health and time spent in contact with forests seems to have a “health-bonus”. Whether and to what extent forest management can contribute to this is still poorly investigated. There is the need to better study causal relationships between specific forest features, type of interactions, frequency and “dose” of experiences, individual reactions and needs and wellbeing effects to maximize benefits from forest-based initiatives.
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Stephens, S. Sky, and Michael R. Wagner. "Forest Plantations and Biodiversity: A Fresh Perspective." Journal of Forestry 105, no. 6 (September 1, 2007): 307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jof/105.6.307.
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Abstract We examined the worldwide literature on biodiversity in forest plantations for the indicator organism assessed, species composition (native versus exotic), tree species diversity, and appropriateness of the comparisons made. Fifty percent of the studies used invertebrates, 36% birds, 6% mammals, and 6% vascular plants as bioindicators. We found that 76% of the existing literature compares exotic plantation forests to native/natural forests, 9% of studies compare native plantations to native/natural forests, and 3% examine plantations to plantations. Lower biodiversity in plantation forest compared to other forests was reported by 94% of the reviewed studies. However, some studies indicate higher biodiversity in plantation forests compared to other land uses such as agriculture. We argue that much of the literature reporting lower biodiversity in plantation forests is based on inappropriate comparisons. We suggest more appropriate approaches to assessing the effects of plantation forests on biodiversity.
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Cochard, Roland, Dung Tri Ngo, Patrick O. Waeber, and Christian A. Kull. "Extent and causes of forest cover changes in Vietnam’s provinces 1993–2013: a review and analysis of official data." Environmental Reviews 25, no. 2 (June 2017): 199–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/er-2016-0050.
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Within a region plagued by deforestation, Vietnam has experienced an exceptional turnaround from net forest loss to forest regrowth. This so-called forest transition, starting in the 1990s, resulted from major changes to environmental and economic policy. Investments in agricultural intensification, reforestation programs, and forestland privatization directly or indirectly promoted natural forest regeneration and the setting-up of plantation forests mainly stocked with exotic species. Forest cover changes, however, varied widely among regions due to specific socio-economic and environmental factors. We studied forest cover changes (including natural and planted forests) and associated drivers in Vietnam’s provinces from 1993–2013. An exhaustive literature review was combined with multivariate statistical analyses of official provincial data. Natural forest regrowth was highest in northern mountain provinces, especially in the period 1993–2003, whereas deforestation continued in the Central Highlands and Southeast Region. Forest plantations increased most in mid-elevation provinces. Statistical results largely confirmed case study-based literature, highlighting the importance of forestland allocation policies and agroforestry extension for promoting small-scale tree plantations and allowing natural forest regeneration in previously degraded areas. Results provide evidence for the abandonment of upland swidden agriculture during 1993–2003, and reveal that spatial competition between expanding natural forests, fixed crop fields, and tree plantations increased during 2003–2013. While we identified a literature gap regarding effects of forest management by para-statal forestry organizations, statistical results showed that natural forests increased in areas managed for protection/regeneration. Cover of other natural forests under the organizations’ management, however, tended to decrease or stagnate, especially more recently when the organizations increasingly turned to multi-purpose plantation forestry. Deforestation processes in the Central Highlands and Southeast Region were mainly driven by cash crop expansion (coffee, rubber) and associated immigration and population growth. Recent data trends indicated limits to further forest expansion, and logging within high-quality natural forests reportedly remained a widespread problem. New schemes for payments for forest environmental services should be strengthened to consolidate the gains from the forest transition, whilst improving forest quality (in terms of biodiversity and environmental services) and allowing local people to actively participate in forest management.
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Wajchman-Świtalska, Sandra, and Roman Jaszczak. "Recreational Forest Management for Disabled People in Urban Forests – the Current State and Perspectives. A Case Study of Poznań." Folia Turistica 46 (March 31, 2018): 101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.0849.
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Purpose. The aim of this paper is a review of literature on forest environment adaptation in the cities to the needs of elderly and disabled people. The detailed objectives are to present the current state of recreational development in the urban forests of Poznań, with reference of this state to the demographic perspective for the city. Method. A review of literature and city documents was conducted. Findings. Preparation of forest management development for the elderly or disabled might be one of the key problems of forest management in urban forests. Poznań, despite having a 5 km long path for disabled people disabled individuals within one complex of urban forests, its potential is much greater, taking into account 84 km of roads as well as paths, and a total area of over 2,500 ha. Research conclusions and limitations. It is difficult to decide how many people with different types of disabilities visit forests (urban, suburban, State forests) and what the perspectives in the share of forest visitors and their preferences are. Practical implications. The paper emphasizes the need to adjust the forest to the disabled. It may influence some future projects. Originality. The paper joins the review of world literature with the perspectives of demographics of the presented city. Type of paper. An empirical paper.
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Rana, Shanza. "THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CURRENT NATIONAL POLICIES ON INTEGRATED FOREST MANAGEMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE: SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW (SLR)." Pakistan Journal of Social Research 05, no. 03 (September 30, 2023): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.52567/pjsr.v5i03.1323.
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This research topic focuses on exploring anthropological insights with reference to national policies on integrated forest management and climate change. Forests are a crucial element of ecosystem which provide a range of ecological, economic, and social benefits, and play a significant role in mitigating climate change. Integrated forest management (IFM), which involves the sustainable use of forests through a combination of conservation and development activities, is an important strategy for ensuring the long-term health and productivity of forest ecosystems. This research seeks to identify the socio-cultural factors that shape forest management practices, as well as the impacts of climate change on forest-dependent communities. The methodology of the study was systematic literature review (SLR), for which, researcher has collected seventeen papers from Google Scholar covering the period from 2012 to 2022 for SLR, focusing on the themes of integrated forest management, climate change and policies, specifically from Pakistan. This study underscores the significant positive impact that IFM can have on the environment and climate, fostering ecosystem-friendly conditions, along the need for ongoing assessment in ensuring its continual effectiveness in fostering sustainable practices and positive outcomes for both ecosystems and human societies. The insights gained from this research can inform the development of national policies that take into account the needs and perspectives of forest-dependent communities and promote sustainable forest management practices that are responsive to the impacts of climate change. Regular monitoring and evaluation of IFM practices may help to promote sustainable integrated forest management which will in turn improve our environment and ecosystem friendly climate and a better human life. Key words: Effectiveness, Forest Management, Integrated Forest Management, National Policies, Climate Change
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Rasolofoson, Ranaivo A. "Access to Human Health Benefits of Forests in Rural Low and Middle-Income Countries: A Literature Review and Conceptual Framework." Challenges 15, no. 1 (February 29, 2024): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/challe15010012.
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Forests are increasingly recognized for their beneficial roles in human health. However, there is a debate on how forest health benefits can be accessed equitably, particularly by vulnerable forest-dependent rural communities in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Access to forest health benefits is determined by a range of interconnected means, including property rights, as well as natural, physical, human, social, and financial capital. This paper presents a literature review of the roles of means of access in shaping human health effects of forests. Evidence suggests that variations in these means of access are associated with varying ability to access forest health benefits. However, existing evidence is thin, mixed, and weak. A conceptual model is then developed to provide a framework for understanding how means of access moderate the effects of forests on health in rural LMICs to guide the generation of strong evidence. The multiple interconnected factors moderating the health effects of forests at the core of the conceptual framework promote the multisectoral and transdisciplinary approaches needed to enhance equitable access to forest health benefits.
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Paletto, Alessandro, Ilaria Biancolillo, Jacques Bersier, Michael Keller, and Manuela Romagnoli. "A literature review on forest bioeconomy with a bibliometric network analysis." Journal of Forest Science 66, No. 7 (July 28, 2020): 265–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/75/2020-jfs.
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Over the last couple of decades, many peer-reviewed publications focused on the bioeconomy, which it is frequently argued to be a key part of the solution to global challenges (climate change, ecosystem degradation). This study investigates the scientific literature on forest bioeconomy by applying a social network analysis to the bibliometric science. The bibliometric network analysis was performed over the time-frame of 2003–2020 to provide an overview on the main aspects characterising the forest bioeconomy issue. The results show that 225 documents on forest bioeconomy were published by 567 organisations from 44 countries. Finland and Canada are the two most productive countries with 32.8% and 12.7% of forest bioeconomy documents respectively. The co-occurrence network map of the keywords shows that the forest bioeconomy is related to three main concepts: sustainable development, bioenergy production, climate change mitigation.
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Yuliani, Rahmah, Mulyadi Budi, and Fajria Noviana. "The Existence of Forests in Japanese Belief (Sociology Literature Study of Anime Miyori no Mori)." E3S Web of Conferences 317 (2021): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131703001.
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This research discusses the environmental issues and their relationship with the Japanese beliefs described in Japanese visual literature: anime Miyori no Mori. This animation story is full of messages about environmental preservation and environmental issues. The story Miyori no Mori teaches the audiences (especially children) the importance of protecting the forest and the impacts that will arise when the forest is destroyed and clearly illustrates how the forest is related to god’s spirits in Japanese belief. This research aims to reveal the elements of that belief through the existence of the forest depicted in the anime Miyori no Mori. Qualitative approaches and sociology literature study as research methods analyses forests’ critical role in Japanese people’s beliefs. The research examined includes the elements of faith depicted in the anime Miyori no Mori, such as the role of gods, the existence of ancestral spirits, and even monsters in that forest. As a result, it will be known how important the role of forests is as part of the Japanese people’s belief. It can be a solid reason for upholding environmental preservation, mainly to prevent their environment from covid-19 effects.
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Mundher, Riyadh, Shamsul Abu Bakar, Suhardi Maulan, Mohd Johari Mohd Yusof, Ammar Al-Sharaa, Azlizam Aziz, and Hangyu Gao. "Aesthetic Quality Assessment of Landscapes as a Model for Urban Forest Areas: A Systematic Literature Review." Forests 13, no. 7 (June 24, 2022): 991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13070991.
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Aesthetic experience in a forest can typically be associated with attractive forest scenery that gives people a sense of visual pleasure. Characterized as a visual product based on people’s reactions towards various combinations of landscape settings, features, and objects, this type of natural visual pleasure may benefit people’s well-being, promotes natural and cultural heritage preservation, and encourages the growth of the eco-tourism industry. While most research on forest aesthetics focuses on non-urban settings, this study examines aesthetics in the context of urban forests. This study aims to systematically review landscape aesthetic assessment studies to propose a model for urban forests. We conducted a systematic review of research articles published from 2014 to 2020 by using three research journal databases, Science Direct, Scopus, and MDPI. In total, 55 research articles were identified and qualified for review based on the screening requirements. An additional 26 research articles were also included by using the snowball method to provide better understanding and outcomes for the study. The results were organized into these categories: definitions, benefits, philosophies, approaches, and variables for the aesthetic quality assessment in urban forest areas. In addition, we also found that aesthetic quality in urban forests is highly influenced by visual composition, visual sense, and visual conditions, which have also been proven to be important parts of forest functions and values that could contribute towards the preservation of urban green spaces.
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Schieck, Jim, and Samantha J. Song. "Changes in bird communities throughout succession following fire and harvest in boreal forests of western North America: literature review and meta-analyses." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 36, no. 5 (May 1, 2006): 1299–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x06-017.
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Within boreal forests of western North America, the dominant large-scale natural disturbance is wildfire. Thus, harvesting that is as similar as possible to fire is expected to best maintain natural bird communities. We reviewed studies of birds (mainly grouse, woodpeckers, and songbirds) from boreal forests of western North America and conducted meta-analyses to compare the similarity of bird communities occurring postfire versus postharvest. We compared the bird communities at five seral stages and also summarized the effects of retaining large live trees at harvest. Bird communities immediately postharvest differed greatly from those postfire. Differences between disturbance types disappeared as the forest regenerated, and both disturbance types became dominated by relatively few bird species in 31- to 75-year-old forests. During the period 76125 years postdisturbance, old-forest birds became present and bird species richness increased. However, the trajectory of forest succession during this period influenced bird communities; old aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.), old mixedwood, and old white spruce (Picea glauca Moench (Voss)) forests all had different bird communities. Retention of large live trees in cutblocks resulted in their use by many old-forest birds, but results were not consistent among studies. Although most bird species had clear peaks in abundance in a specific forest type, no species with more than five detections was limited to a single forest type.
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Alvites, Cesar, Marco Marchetti, Bruno Lasserre, and Giovanni Santopuoli. "LiDAR as a Tool for Assessing Timber Assortments: A Systematic Literature Review." Remote Sensing 14, no. 18 (September 7, 2022): 4466. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14184466.
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Forest ecosystems strongly contribute to the mitigation of climate change impacts through the carbon stored in forests and through harvested wood products, such as sawed wood and furniture, which are obtained from many types of timber assortments. Timber assortments are defined as log sections of specific dimensions (log length and maximum/minimum end diameters), gathered from felled trunks, that have both specific commercial timber utilisation and economic value. However, it is challenging to discriminate and assess timber assortment types, especially within a forest stand before the forest has been harvested. Accurate estimations of timber assortments are a fundamental prerequisite in supporting forest holdings and assisting practitioners in the optimisation of harvesting activities and promoting forest wood chains, in addition to forest policy and planning. Based on the georeferenced points cloud tool, light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is a powerful technology for rapidly and accurately depicting forest structure, even if the use of LiDAR for timber assortments estimation is lacking and poorly explored. This systematic literature review aimed to highlight the state-of-the-art applications of the LiDAR systems (spaceborne; airborne, including unmanned aerial UASs; and terrestrial) to quantify and classify different timber assortment types. A total of 304 peer-reviewed papers were examined. The results highlight a constant increment of published articles using LiDAR systems for forest-related aspects in the period between 2000 and 2021. The most recurring investigation topics in LiDAR studies were forest inventory and forest productivity. No studies were found that used spaceborne LiDAR systems for timber assortment assessments, as these were conditioned by the time and sample size (sample size = ~12 m/~25 m of laser footprint and 0.7 m/60 m of space along the track for ICESat-2, GEDI and time = since 2018). Terrestrial LiDAR systems demonstrated a higher performance in successfully characterising the trees belonging to an understory layer. Combining airborne/UAS systems with terrestrial LiDAR systems is a promising approach to obtain detailed data concerning the timber assortments of large forest covers. Overall, our results reveal that the interest of scientists in using machine and deep learning algorithms for LiDAR processes is steadily increasing.
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BALMUMCU, Ayça, and Gülfer DOĞAN PEKİNCE. "Effects of Forest Bath (Shinrin-Yoku) and Forest Therapy (Shinrin-Ryoho) on Women's Health." Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry 15, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1083096.
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Forest bathing is an approach that uses the healing effects of forests to improve people's health and prevent disease through forest walks. Although the terms forest therapy and forest bath are used in the same sense, they are different applications. While the forest therapy application is carried out in the company of a professional trained in this subject, the therapist in the forest bath is the forest itself. Considering the positive effects of forest bathing on the cardiovascular system, nervous system, endocrine system, immune system and mental health, it is thought that it can be used as an approach to protect and improve women's health. In this context, the aim of the study is to examine the physiological and psychological effects of forest bathing and forest therapy on women's health. In this study, which was revealed by literature review, the results of national and international studies on the subject were compiled. Many positive effects of forest bathing and forest therapy on the protection of human health have been reported in the literature. There are limited studies on the effects of forest therapy and forest bathing on human health, and no scientific research has been found in the field of health in our country. It is thought that these practices can be used in our country, which is rich in forests, and that scientific studies on this subject can provide benefits for women's health.
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Rahma, Sri, Nurfitri Martaliah, and Puji Wahyuli. "PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI PEREMPUAN MELALUI PARTISIPASI DALAM PENGELOLAAN HUTAN DESA DURIAN RAMBUN." Harakat an-Nisa: Jurnal Studi Gender dan Anak 6, no. 2 (April 7, 2022): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.30631/62.65-74.
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This study aims to provide an analysis of women's participation in forest management through the Village Forest mechanism in Durian Rambun Village, Merangin Regency, Jambi Province. Village Forest is one of the social forestry mechanisms aimed at creating the welfare of communities that coexist with forests. This research is qualitative research with descriptive methods to explain phenomena in detail. Data collection methods are carried out by interviews, observations and literature studies. The results showed that women's participation in forest management through Village Forests is necessary, women and forests are entities that cannot be released. Through participation in forest management, Durian Rambun village women are economically empowered by utilizing forest land to produce and produce coffee products. Management is carried out sustainably so that forest sustainability still occurs in accordance with the principles of social forestry management.
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Fang, Qinhe. "The advantages of using remote sensing technology to monitor forest fires." Applied and Computational Engineering 60, no. 1 (May 7, 2024): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/60/20240830.
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Forest plays an irreplaceable role in the natural environment and human development. In recent years, forest fires have occurred frequently, causing damage to forests that is difficult to repair. Therefore, it is becoming more and more important to enhance the ability to prevent and monitor forest fires. This paper mainly uses the methods of searching literature and data, analyzing and researching literature to analyze the main causes of forest fires and the related impacts on the environment, personnel, and economy, analyzes and summarizes the advantages of remote sensing technology in the prevention and monitoring of forest fires in detail, and gives examples of remote sensing technology in the field of forest fire monitoring. At the same time, it mentions the matters that need attention in the application of remote sensing technology and puts forward suggestions on the prevention and monitoring of forest fires respectively. Compared with traditional forest fire monitoring methods, this paper finds that remote sensing technology has the advantages of saving manpower and material resources, precision, and high efficiency, and can be widely used in forest fire monitoring. This paper can provide data, literature, and other reference values for remote sensing researchers and forest fire prevention and monitoring workers.
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Sears, Robin, Kinley Choden, Tshewang Dorji, Dorji Dukpa, Sonam Phuntsho, Prem Rai, Jigme Wangchuk, and Himlal Baral. "Bhutan’s Forests through the Framework of Ecosystem Services: Rapid Assessment in Three Forest Types." Forests 9, no. 11 (October 27, 2018): 675. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f9110675.
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Forests in mountain ecosystems provide a diversity of services and goods in mountain landscapes, and the immediate utility of the forest to upstream residents must be balanced with the insurance forests provide for downstream residents in the form of, especially, the services of water regulation and soil stabilization. Little empirical data exist for Bhutan that confirm a causal link between upstream forest use and downstream security. To help to fill this gap, we summarize the results of two literature reviews related to forest ecosystem services and human well-being, using the framework of Bhutan’s Gross National Happiness (GNH). We report preliminary findings of three field-based assessments of forest ecosystem services on hillsides. We conducted an assessment of the perceptions of local residents about the forest ecosystem services in three distinct forest areas of Bhutan. The studies were carried out in high-altitude oak forests, forest management units (FMUs) in government reserve forests, and community plantations. We engaged villagers in focus group discussions and conducted key informant interviews. The strongest evidence in the literature for linkages between forests and GNH was found for the role forests play in socio-economic development and good governance, particularly through the community forestry program. Regulating services of forests were cited as crucial to several aspects of human well-being, but little empirical evidence was provided. To local residents in the three study locations, the provisioning services of forests were highly ranked, as were water regulating services. At the plantation sites, residents felt that the new forests did improve soil stability and water provisioning services. Cultural services were identified but not highly prioritized. Awareness of forest ecosystem services was high among participants in the study, but understanding of the causal links between forest use and human well-being was mixed. Lack of direct evidence about causal pathways between upstream forest condition and downstream security leaves gaps in our knowledge and even perpetuates myths and misconceptions about the role that forests play. We encourage further research at multiple scales and using mixed methods to test hypotheses on the linkages between forests and human well-being in mountain landscapes.
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Woods, Alex J., Don Heppner, Harry H. Kope, Jennifer Burleigh, and Lorraine Maclauchlan. "Forest health and climate change: A British Columbia perspective." Forestry Chronicle 86, no. 4 (July 1, 2010): 412–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc86412-4.
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BC’s forests have already faced two simultaneous, globally significant, epidemics linked to climate change; the Dothistroma needle blight epidemic in NW BC and the massive mountain pine beetle epidemic throughout the BC Interior. Building on these experiences, we have compiled our best estimates of how we believe other forest health agents may behave as climate change continues to influence our forests. We have drawn on literature from around the world but have focused on the situation in BC. We have made management recommendations based on what we have seen so far and what we expect to come.Key words: climate change, forest health, forest insects, forest pathogens, forest management, British Columbia
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Meerts, Pierre. "Mineral nutrient concentrations in sapwood and heartwood: a literature review." Annals of Forest Science 59, no. 7 (November 2002): 713–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/forest:2002059.
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Howe, Marie. "The Forest." Ploughshares 49, no. 4 (December 2023): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/plo.2023.a917697.
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Abstract: The Winter 2023-24 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares "the Triton among minnows." The Winter 2023-24 Issue, edited by Ladette Randolph, features poetry and prose by Richard Bausch, Jesse Lee Kercheval, Ian Stansel, Ariana Benson, Rebecca Morgan Frank, Marie Howe, and more.
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St.Clair, Samuel B., William E. Sharpe, and Jonathan P. Lynch. "Key interactions between nutrient limitation and climatic factors in temperate forests: a synthesis of the sugar maple literature." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 38, no. 3 (March 2008): 401–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x07-161.
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Mineral stress (nutrient deficiency and (or) ion toxicity) is a widespread phenomenon in forests around the world. However, with the exception of N limitation, its significance is often under appreciated. On weathered, acidic soils that support many of the world’s forests, P, Ca, and Mg deficiencies and toxicities of Al and Mn are important constraints to forest productivity. Nutrient resources are a primary controller of forest function and structure and have important trophic implications, because foliar nutrient status is an important determinant of leaf palatability and consumer fitness. Nutrient acquisition and utilization in forest ecosystems is strongly influenced by environmental factors, which are changing at unprecedented rates with regional and global climate shifts. Here we examine nutrient limitations common to temperate, sugar maple ( Acer saccharum Marsh.) dominated forests as a model for understanding how climatic factors influence the acquisition and utilization of nutrient resources in forest ecosystems. In general, foliar nutrient imbalances created by soil weathering and acidification impair sugar maple physiology and correlate with health decline symptoms. Extremes in light environment, temperature, precipitation, pathogen attack, and herbivory tend to induce and (or) negatively interact with nutrient imbalances in sugar maple. A conceptual model is presented that characterizes abiotic and biotic interactions influencing sugar maple health and fitness in the context of nutrient limitation.
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Rogozinski, Sina, and Somidh Saha. "The Current State of Resilience Research in Urban Forestry: A Qualitative Literature Review." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT AND ENVIRONMENT 7, no. 01 (April 15, 2021): 11–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18811/ijpen.v7i01.2.
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In the times of enlarging cities and more people living in cities, it is essential to maintain the quality of life for everyone. Urban forests make a significant contribution to this. In urban areas, productive ecosystems are essential to maintain human health and well-being. However, problems like increasing urbanization, changing climate, and pollution in the air, water, and soil can endanger urban ecosystems like urban forests. Having or building resilient urban forests is seen as a possibility to maintain ecosystem services provided by urban forests. Under future conditions, they may become essential for human life in urban areas as some are critical for human health. This study is a literature review of past research dealing with resilience in urban forests. Forty-one articles published in the years 2006 to 2019 that complied with the search criteria were reviewed. Results show that only three articles used a definition of the resilience of urban trees after disturbance based on a formula; two articles used a definition of resilience based on natural ecosystems. The remaining articles did not define resilience while using the term in the articles. Out of the reviewed articles, four major themes were identified: urban forest management, urban biodiversity, urban soil, and socio-economic conditions. Nine articles included content about urban soils, 19 articles about urban forest management, 30 articles about urban biodiversity, and 11 articles about socio-economic conditions. As (built) urban forests in cities differ considerably from natural ecosystems, some authors rated monitoring and management actions as necessary, mainly for new establishments and the integration of new species. Authors expressed contradicting opinions on species richness. While some articles suggested focusing on native or endemic species, others proposed to increase species diversity to enhance urban forest resilience. Tolerances and resistances of tree species are essential for urban areas and may gain importance in the future, increasing extreme weather events leading to more frequent pest and disease outbreaks. Results indicated a focus on urban soil quality as a basis for plant growth, and tree health is an essential factor in urban forestry. Municipal authorities need to adapt management actions to create and maintain an urban forest to the benefits they intend to achieve for the city considering local conditions like climate, species pool, and specific resistances. At the end of the review, a framework recommends actions for a structured collaboration of municipal authorities, researchers, and citizens to achieve resilient urban forests.
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Mazzoleni, Elena, Davide Donelli, Federica Zabini, Francesco Meneguzzo, and Michele Antonelli. "Forest Therapy Research in Europe: A Scoping Review of the Scientific Literature." Forests 15, no. 5 (May 12, 2024): 848. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15050848.
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This scoping review aims to outline key discoveries, gaps in knowledge, and potential future directions in the field of forest therapy research in Europe. Clinical studies investigating the effects of forest therapy sessions in Europe were systematically screened through PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and Google Scholar (search date: January 2024). This review encompasses 26 selected studies, collectively engaging 2775 participants across various European countries, including Italy, Poland, Spain, Germany, Finland, Hungary, Sweden, Iceland, and Switzerland. These studies predominantly measured psychological outcomes such as mood states, affect, attention levels, subjective wellbeing, and quality of life. Additionally, physiological assessments were conducted, covering vital signs, salivary cortisol, body composition, and blood count. Notably, most of the investigation sites were covered by evergreen forests. Forest therapy practices in Europe demonstrated significant benefits in psychological aspects, including relaxation, mood enhancement, and improved wellbeing, accompanied by physiological improvements, particularly in asthma patients. While a fair-to-good methodological quality was identified in randomized controlled trials, the acknowledged weaknesses point towards a need for more rigorous and standardized research approaches. In conclusion, this comprehensive scoping review provides valuable insights into the current landscape of forest therapy research in Europe, highlighting its potential to positively impact both physical and mental wellbeing. The findings underscore the need for further research addressing methodological limitations and exploring gaps in understanding, thereby contributing to the continued advancement of forest therapy as a holistic wellbeing intervention within the European context.
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Corlett, R. T. "Tropical secondary forests." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 19, no. 2 (June 1995): 159–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913339501900201.
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The clearance, cultivation and abandonment of tropical forest lands has resulted in a rapid increase in the area of tropical secondary forests. Despite their growing extent, however, these forests have received relatively little attention from ecologists, foresters and conservationists. In this article the use of the term 'secondary forest' is restricted to forests which have reoccupied a site after clearance. Forests resulting from selective logging and other disturbances which permit most plant species to survive on the site are excluded. The literature on tropical forest succession is reviewed, showing the importance of the type, intensity and scale of the disturbance, the nature of the surrounding landscape and the composition of the surviving disperser fauna. The value of tropical secondary forests is compared to primary forest, with regards to regulatory function, commercial value and conservation significance. Finally, major research needs are briefly discussed.
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Morkovina, Svetlana, and Denis Kuznetsov. "FOREST RESOURCES AS A BASIS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL FOREST COMPLEXES." Actual directions of scientific researches of the XXI century: theory and practice 10, no. 3 (October 10, 2022): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/2308-8877-2022-10-3-19-33.
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This article discusses the issues of assessment, use and classification of forest resources in a theoretical and practical way (on the example of several subjects of the Russian Federation). Forest resources, at the same time, are taken into account in this article as the most important factor that ensures the attraction of investments in the forest complexes of Russian regions. As part of the study, by reviewing the literature, the main theoretical provisions regarding forest resources and the opinions of various scientists on the role of forest resources for the economy were considered. For the Voronezh, Belgorod, Kursk, Tambov and Lipetsk regions, a quantitative analysis of data on concluded lease agreements for the use of forests for various types of forest management was carried out. The result of the study is the confirmation of the thesis that the availability of forest resources makes it possible to attract more tenants for the forests using, and, consequently, to increase revenues from the forests using to the budget system of the Russian Federation, which, in turn, ensures an increase in government spending on forestry and conservation of forest resources. Established priority directions of forest using for the regions of the Central Chernozem area, such as recreational activities, forest climate projects, organization of harvesting and collection of non-wood forest resources, medicinal plants.
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Kim, Donghyun. "Characteristics of Korean Forest Fires and Forest Fire Policies in the Joseon Dynasty Period (1392–1910) Derived From Historical Records." Forests 10, no. 1 (January 4, 2019): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10010029.
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This study examined the records of forest fire outbreaks and characteristics over the 518 years of the Joseon Dynasty period (1392–1910) through the analysis of major historical records of Korea. The historical books used in this study were 14 major national historical books, and include the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty (朝鮮王朝實錄), the Diaries of the Royal Secretariat (承政院日記), and the literature was examined, centering on official records of the royal palace in the Joseon Dynasty period. The contents of forest fires recorded in the historical record literature include the overviews of outbreak, forest fire types, and forest fire damage. According to the results of analysis of historical records, the largest forest fire damage was in the forest fire that occurred on the east coast in 1672, in which 65 persons died and in the forest fire that occurred in the same area in 1804, in which 61 persons died and 2600 private houses were destroyed by fire. The causes of fire outbreak were shown to be unknown causes in 42 cases, accidental fires in 10 cases, arson in 3 cases, thunder strike in 3 cases, hunting activities in 2 cases, child playing with fire in 1 case, cultivating activities in 1 case, and house fire in 1 case. Forest fire outbreaks were analyzed by region and by season and according to the results, 56% (39 cases) of the forest fires broke out on the east coast and 73% (46 cases) broke out in the spring. Forest fire policies include those for general forests, those for reserved forests, those for prohibited forests, those for capital city forests, those for royal family’s graves, royal ancestral shrine, and placenta chamber, those for hunting grounds such as martial art teaching fields, and relief policies for people in areas damaged by forest fires, forest fire policies for national defense facilities such as beacon fire stations, and burning and burning control policies for pest control. In conclusion, due to the seriousness of forest fires in the Joseon Dynasty period, the royal authority and local administrative agencies made various forest fire prevention policies, policies for stabilization of the people’s livelihood damaged due to forest fires, and methods to manage major facilities in forests.
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Chisika, Sylvester Ngome, Joon Park, and Chunho Yeom. "Paradox of Deadwood Circular Bioeconomy in Kenya’s Public Forests." Sustainability 13, no. 13 (June 23, 2021): 7051. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137051.
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With the rising demand for energy, the forest-based circular bioeconomy is gaining recognition as a strategy for sustainable production and consumption of forest resources. However, the forest-based bioeconomy remains underexplored from the perspective of deadwood conservation in public forests. While conducting a literature review and examining the case of Kenya, this study fills a gap in the literature to provide policy suggestions for sustainable forest resource utilization. The results from global literature indicate that deadwood performs essential social, economic, and environmental functions in the circular bioeconomy and sustainable development. Similarly, in Kenya, deadwood resources provide many socially beneficial bioproducts and services. However, the absence of scientific research and detailed guidelines for deadwood conservation may lead to the distortion of the ecological balance in public forests because of the legally sanctioned removal of deadwood, particularly firewood. Moreover, if the status quo remains, with approximately 70% of the growing population consuming deadwood for domestic use and the demand increasing, as shown by the current wood deficit in the country, there will be a major dilemma concerning whether to conserve deadwood for biodiversity or energy. Therefore, averting crisis and providing maximum deadwood value to society requires guidelines and comprehensive research in addition to a cultural and behavioral shift in energy consumption in a manner that embraces the forest-based circular bioeconomy of deadwood.
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Innes, John L. "Forest decline." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 16, no. 1 (March 1992): 1–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913339201600101.
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Forest decline is a major environmental issue today. However, there are numerous examples of past declines in the condition of individual species within forests or of the entire forests themselves. Many of these declines are natural, being brought about by a variety of factors, including stand dynamics, pests and diseases. The emphasis that has been placed on air pollution in recent declines does not appear to be justified, although air pollution has undoubtedly brought about the decline of forests at some locations. Much of the literature exaggerates the extent of the decline in forest health in Europe. The overestimation of its extent has occurred because of the assessment techniques that are used: these are unable to distinguish trees that have recently declined from those that have always been in poor condition. In addition, the techniques that are most frequently used are nonspecific and no cause can be readily attributed to the defoliation that has been observed.
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Hao, Yajie, Zhongyi Sun, and Zheng-Hong Tan. "Biomass Allocation of China’s Forests as Indicated by a Literature-Based Allometry Database." Forests 15, no. 6 (May 29, 2024): 942. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15060942.
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Allometry reflects the quantitative relationship between the allocation of resources among different organs. Understanding patterns of forest biomass allocation is critical to comprehending global climate change and the response of terrestrial vegetation to climate change. By collecting and reorganizing the existing allometric models of tree species in China, we established a database containing over 3000 empirical allometric models. Based on this database, we analyzed the model parameters and the effect of climate on forest biomass allocation under the context of ‘optimal allocation theory’. We showed that (1) the average and median exponent of power functions for above-ground biomass were 2.344 and 2.385, respectively, which significantly deviated from the theoretical prediction of 2.667 by metabolic theory (p < 0.01). (2) The parameters of the allometric model were not constant, and not significantly correlated with temperature, precipitation, latitude, and elevation (p > 0.05), but were more closely related to individual size (p < 0.01). (3) Among different types of forests, the proportion of above-ground biomass in tropical rainforests and subtropical evergreen rainforests was significantly higher than that in temperate forests and boreal forests (p < 0.05). The proportion of trunk and branch biomass allocated to tropical rainforest was significantly higher than that of boreal forest (p < 0.05), while the proportion of root and leaf biomass allocated to tropical rainforest was significantly lower than that of boreal forest (p < 0.05). (4) The abiotic environment plays a crucial role in determining the allocation of plant biomass. The ratio of below-ground/above-ground biomass is significantly and negatively correlated with both temperature and rainfall (p < 0.01), and significantly and positively correlated with altitude and latitude (p < 0.01). This means that as temperature and rainfall increase, there is a decrease in the amount of biomass allocated to below-ground structures such as roots. On the other hand, as altitude and latitude increase, there is an increase in below-ground biomass allocation. These findings highlight the importance of considering the influence of abiotic factors on plant growth and development.
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Fischer, A. Paige, and Susan Charnley. "Social and Cultural Influences on Management for Carbon Sequestration on US Family Forestlands: A Literature Synthesis." International Journal of Forestry Research 2010 (2010): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/960912.
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Nonindustrial private—or “family”—forests hold great potential for sequestering carbon and have received much attention in discussions about forestry-based climate change mitigation. However, little is known about social and cultural influences on owners' willingness to manage for carbon and respond to policies designed to encourage carbon-oriented management. We review the published literature to examine how family forest owners' values, ecological knowledge, risk perceptions, and forest management and policy preferences may affect their interest in managing for carbon sequestration. We find that although family forest owners may not be particularly motivated to mitigate climate change, their forest management values and practices compliment many carbon-oriented management strategies. However, the strong value owners place on privacy and autonomy, and the weak importance many place on financial reward, may inhibit participation in policies and programs that incentivize carbon-oriented management. These findings also have implications for policy efforts to encourage management for other ecological values besides carbon sequestration on family forestlands.
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Swisher, Michael J. "THE FOREST IN OLD HIGH GERMAN LITERATURE." Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik 27, no. 1 (November 23, 1988): 25–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18756719-027-01-90000005.
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Kicheeva, A. G., V. A. Tereschenko, E. A. Ivanov, O. V. Ivanova, and Iu G. Liubimova. "Application of pine nut needles and shells in the feeding of farm animals and poultry (review)." Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University), no. 4 (February 9, 2022): 108–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2021-61-4-108-125.
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Forests cover one-third of the planet’s land surface. Forests are essential for maintaining a clean environment, food security and biodiversity. Forests are also a source of food for animals. In the processing of forest resources, the forest industry accumulates various forest biomass wastes containing valuable and nutritious biologically active substances. The article provides an overview of the current state of the art in applying forest industry waste to feed farm animals and poultry. The authors presented the characteristics of biological properties of plant forestry raw materials and described the mechanism of their action on the animal organism. The authors analysed the results of studies of domestic and foreign scientists on feeding animals and poultry with feed additives containing pine needles and pine nutshells. The authors also characterised the possible advantages and disadvantages of using feed additives. The analysis of Russian and foreign scientific literature in the area under study has shown that forest industry waste in feed production and animal feeding is relevant as the available fodder base does not always allow to satisfy the need of animals for nutrients and biologically active substances. It has been noted that pine needles are used worldwide as a feed additive, but in the countries with the most significant areas of forests and developed forest industry, their use is the most common and effective. The use of cedar nut shells in the feeding of farm animals and poultry is most produced in Russia, while this area is underdeveloped in the world. The literature review has confirmed that using forest industry wastes such as pine nut needles and shells in animal feed production is promising livestock production.
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Poudel, Narayan Raj, Nobuhiko Fuwa, and Keijiro Otsuka. "The impacts of a community forestry program on forest conditions, management intensity and revenue generation in the Dang district of Nepal." Environment and Development Economics 20, no. 2 (July 1, 2014): 259–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x14000473.
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AbstractA growing literature documents the positive impact of community management on non-timber forest conservation but not on the condition of timber forests, which require higher management intensity than do non-timber forests. Using ground-level data of the age composition of trees and the management activities of timber forests and applying a rigorous econometric technique to deal with the endogeneity of handing over forest use rights to the community, we find that a longer period of community management is associated with a higher density of pole-size trees, indicating that community management facilitates the rehabilitation of timber forests. We also find that population pressure leads to deforestation under state management but encourages forest management under community management.
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Pater, Beata, and Wojciech Sroka. "THE IMPORTANCE OF THE ECONOMIC FUNCTION OF FORESTS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE STATE FORESTS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE 2030 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XXV, no. 2 (June 18, 2023): 124–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.6950.
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The article shows the economic function of the State Forests in the context of sustainable development and the implementation of the 2030 Agenda goals. This theoretical and review article was developed on the basis of the literature analysis supported by statistical summaries illustrating the subject matter. The State Forest manages almost 77% of forest resources in Poland. Forest management conducted by the State Forests is based on a multifunctional model, resulting from the need to distinguish all natural functions performed by forests: ecological (protective), economic and social function. Forest management is conducted in a sustainable manner, ensuring the renewal of forest resources and the durability of natural processes, while ensuring the possibility of drawing financial benefits from resource management. The State Forests by employing over 25,000 people with an average salary higher than the average salary in the national economy by almost 60% (2021), transferring to the state budget almost 3 billion PLN in various taxes and by supplying local budgets with a forest tax with a total value of over 235 million PLN (2021).
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Formánek, P., and V. Vranová. "A contribution to the effect of liming on forest soils: review of literature." Journal of Forest Science 49, No. 4 (January 16, 2012): 182–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4692-jfs.
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Extensive forest areas were ameliorated by large-scale liming in the last years in order to prevent proceeding acidification and degradation of forest soils. The hitherto knowledge of liming effects on the function of forest soils still appears insufficient for an unambiguous evaluation. Sorption properties of soils and acidity are favourably affected by liming and the favourable effect is usually manifested in the layer of forest floor humus and in mineral soil within ten years. Reduction of soil acidity stimulates development of a bacterial component of microflora, soil edaphon, and good prerequisites are formed for a release of nutrients from soil organic matter. Improvement of some physical parameters of soils and negative effect of liming on the depth of rooting in spruce, availability of nutrients at some sites and in connection with mechanical soil preparation were also described. A key point of liming effect on forest soils is nitrogen dynamics. Mineralization of nitrogen is stimulated at nitrogen-rich sites with C/N < 30. Nitrogen-limited sites show nitrogen mineralization inhibited by liming with signs of pronounced deficiency in spruce nutrition. A positive effect of liming on nutrition with bases is generally accompanied by an adverse influence on N dynamics in acidic soils under spruce monocultures. Therefore it is possible to state that liming induces relatively marked changes in the soil but the actual growth response of woody species cannot be derived only from these changes.
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Kędziora, Wojciech, Robert Tomusiak, and Tomasz Borecki. "Site index research: a literature review." Forest Research Papers 81, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/frp-2020-0010.
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Abstract The purpose of this paper was to review literature covering the topic of site index with particular emphasis on Scots pine, the most important forest-forming species in Poland. We discuss the history of the site index, research on various tree species, statistical modelling methods, the spatial application of site index and age impact assessment. The history of research on the site index of forest species is long and dates back to the 18th century. Many researchers thought that determining the quality of the habitat is very important from the point of view of rational forest management. The site index, as a measure of the potential of the habitat on which the forest grows, is one of the most important characteristics of forest stands. The site index depends on the selected model, but is most often expressed as the average or top height of trees of a given species at a certain age. In our review, we point out several insufficiencies of studies on the site index, external influences and the connection of the site index with spatial conditions. Furthermore, research conducted so far has not explicitly confirmed that there is a relationship between the site index of pine stands and their geographical location in Poland. More research on the site index, especially in regard with climate change, is needed.
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Gradel, Alexander, Gerelbaatar Sukhbaatar, Daniel Karthe, and Hoduck Kang. "Forest Management In Mongolia – A Review Of Challenges And Lessons Learned With Special Reference To Degradation And Deforestation." GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 12, no. 3 (October 3, 2019): 133–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2019-102.
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The natural conditions, climate change and socio-economic challenges related to the transformation from a socialistic society towards a market-driven system make the implementation of sustainable land management practices in Mongolia especially complicated. Forests play an important role in land management. In addition to providing resources and ecosystem functions, Mongolian forests protect against land degradation.We conducted a literature review of the status of forest management in Mongolia and lessons learned, with special consideration to halting deforestation and degradation. We grouped our review into seven challenges relevant to developing regionally adapted forest management systems that both safeguard forest health and consider socio-economic needs. In our review, we found that current forest management in Mongolia is not always sustainable, and that some practices lack scientific grounding. An overwhelming number of sources noticed a decrease in forest area and quality during the last decades, although afforestation initiatives are reported to have increased. We found that they have had, with few exceptions, only limited success. During our review, however, we found a number of case studies that presented or proposed promising approaches to (re-)establishing and managing forests. These studies are further supported by a body of literature that examines how forest administration, and local participation can be modified to better support sustainable forestry. Based on our review, we conclude that it is necessary to integrate capacity development and forest research into holistic initiatives. A special focus should be given to the linkages between vegetation cover and the hydrological regime.
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Tahvonen, Olli, and Esa-Jussi Viitala. "Does Faustmann Rotation Apply to Fully Regulated Forests?" Forest Science 52, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/52.1.23.
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Abstract Forest economics literature contains two lines of research in which the Faustmann rotation is taken to be invalid for continuous harvesting, i.e., for normal or fully regulated forests. As alternatives, a “marginal model for divisible forest capital𠇍 and a “regular profit model for timber production𠇍 have been proposed and applied. In contrast, recent forest economics has provided vast evidence that the Faustmann rotation is the long-term stationary state in rotation models with multiple age classes. In this article, we attempt to clear up this contradiction in the literature by showing that the two approaches deviating from the Faustmann approach yield the same rotation period. The deviations from the Faustmann approach are because the models are based on incorrect formulas for the value of a normal forest.
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Sadowska, Beata. "Forest protection costs in sustainable forest management. The example of Poland." Zeszyty Teoretyczne Rachunkowości 46, no. 3 (August 28, 2022): 161–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.9602.
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Purpose: The main aim of the study is to analyze the costs of forest protection incurred by Poland's State Forests and to present the activities performed as part of forest protection. The specific objective is to present the method and place of disclosing and reporting information on actions to prevent damage to the forest and on the costs of forest protec-tion on a general level. Methodology/approach: The considerations in the study are presented against the views presented in the literature on the subject by selected authors. The methods of critical analysis and synthesis, inference, and a case study were used. The data for the analyses were taken from the financial and economic reports of the State Forests for the years 2016–2019, from the statistical studies „Forestry”, and reports obtained as part of the application submitted to the State Forests for the reuse of public sector information. Pearson's linear correlation analysis was used, as well as an agglomeration grouping method – Ward's method – which uses the analysis of variance approach in its procedures. Findings: The scale of forest protection measures varied between State Forests in the analyzed period. The highest costs for forest protection in total are borne by forest dis-tricts located in the area of State Forests in Wrocław, and the lowest costs for forest protection in total are borne by forest districts located in the area of State Forests in Kra-ków. The smallest area protected against insects covers forest districts located in the State Forests in Krakow. With the increase in the costs of forest protection, State Forest’s own costs also increase. The highest relationship was noted in 2017, with a correla-tion coefficient of 0.86. Research limitations: The research sample is limited to one country. Originality/value: The presented voice in the discussion fills the research gap in terms of information about State Forests’ activities to protect the forest and the subsequent costs incurred. The use of Ward’s method allowed similar regional directorates of State Forests to be grouped from the perspective of forest protection costs and protective measures (area approach), which is the basis for extended research in this area from the point of view of the natural diversity of these units (narrowing the research and conducting it in similar State Forests units).
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Gautam, Subash, Sachin Timilsina, and Manish Shrestha. "The Effects of Forest Management Activities on Genetic Diversity of Forest Trees." Indonesian Journal of Social and Environmental Issues (IJSEI) 2, no. 2 (August 22, 2021): 110–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.47540/ijsei.v2i2.211.
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Genetic diversity helps to survive forest trees in several environmental changes and disease conditions. Different forest management activities such as harvesting, thinning, natural or artificial regeneration, seedlings or coppice forests, fragmentation, and overexploitation have a tremendous influence on the genetic diversity and population structure of forest trees. This paper aimed to review the impacts of these activities on the genetic diversity of forest trees. For this, we reviewed several scientific literature related to forest management practices that affect genetic diversity. Altogether,75 papers were reviewed, interpreted, and evaluated to prepare our final manuscript. The result of this study recommends that the level of genetic impacts varies with management activities, stand structure as well as species characteristics. There is very limited information about the impacts of forest management practices on the genetic diversity of forest trees since it is only focused on the growth of stands. The field research activities for species-specific must be executed considering ecological and reproductive parameters to assure sustainable forest ecosystems. Hence, this review will be beneficial for forest conservationists, researchers, and managers for the management of forests through better forest management activities preserving a genetic pool of the forest trees, and sustainable utilization of forest products.
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Bell, F. Wayne, Nelson Thiffault, Kandyd Szuba, Nancy Luckai, and Al Stinson. "Synthesis of Silviculture Options, Costs, and Consequences of Alternative Vegetation Management Practices Relevant to Boreal and Temperate Conifer Forests: Introduction." Forestry Chronicle 87, no. 02 (April 2011): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2011-005.
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In 2007, a multi-agency, multi-disciplinary team from across Canada embarked on an exercise to synthesize knowledge about forest vegetation management alternatives and their use in northern forests. This exercise involved: (1) updating the Canadian Forest Pest Management database, (2) synthesizing relevant forest vegetation management literature, (3) conducting stand-level wildlife, wood quality, yield, and benefit–cost analyses, (4) conducting landscape-level analyses to determine the effects of a systematic reduction in herbicide use on forest management objectives, and (5) transferring the relevant information to forest managers. The results are presented as ten papers in this special issue of The Forestry Chronicle.
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Tubiello, Francesco N., Giulia Conchedda, Nathan Wanner, Sandro Federici, Simone Rossi, and Giacomo Grassi. "Carbon emissions and removals from forests: new estimates, 1990–2020." Earth System Science Data 13, no. 4 (April 26, 2021): 1681–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1681-2021.
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Abstract. National, regional and global CO2 emissions and removals from forests were estimated for the period 1990–2020 using as input the country reports of the Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020. The new Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) estimates, based on a simple carbon stock change approach, update published information on net emissions and removals from forests in relation to (a) net forest conversion and (b) forest land. Results show a significant reduction in global emissions from net forest conversion over the study period, from a mean of 4.3 in 1991–2000 to 2.9 Gt CO2 yr−1 in 2016–2020. At the same time, forest land was a significant carbon sink globally but decreased in strength over the study period, from −3.5 to −2.6 Gt CO2 yr−1. Combining net forest conversion with forest land, our estimates indicated that globally forests were a small net source of CO2 to the atmosphere on average during 1990–2020, with mean net emissions of 0.4 Gt CO2 yr−1. The exception was the brief period 2011–2015, when forest land removals counterbalanced emissions from net forest conversion, resulting in a global net sink of −0.7 Gt CO2 yr−1. Importantly, the new estimates allow for the first time in the literature the characterization of forest emissions and removals for the decade just concluded, 2011–2020, showing that in this period the net contribution of forests to the atmosphere was very small, i.e., a sink of less than −0.2 Gt CO2 yr−1 – an estimate not yet reported in the literature. This near-zero balance was nonetheless the result of large global fluxes of opposite sign, namely net forest conversion emissions of 3.1 Gt CO2 yr−1 counterbalanced by net removals on forest land of −3.3 Gt CO2 yr−1. Finally, we compared our estimates with data independently reported by countries to the United Nations Framework on Climate Change, indicating close agreement between FAO and country emissions and removals estimates. Data from this study are openly available via the Zenodo portal (Tubiello, 2020), with DOI https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3941973, as well as in the FAOSTAT (Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database) emissions database (FAO, 2021a).
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Mbuvi, Mbuvi Tito E., and James B. Kungu. "Policy Makers’ Perspective on Impacts of Decentralizing Forest Management in Kenya on Forestry Conservation and Community Livelihoods." Environmental Management and Sustainable Development 9, no. 3 (June 27, 2020): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v9i3.16136.
Full textAbstract:
Forests in Kenya were under traditional community management regimes up to 1891 when formal state management of forests started in Vanga Mangrove forest and later the entire country. In 1997 decentralized forest governance was successfully piloted through Participatory Forest Management in Kenya. This informed review of the Forests Act, Cap 385 to The Forests Act, 2005 subsequently revised to Forest Conservation and Management Act, 2016. The Act has explicit support to decentralized forest management with special focus on communities. The study determined the perceptions of policy makers on: why decentralization was introduced; policy makers’ understanding of decentralization and its impact on forest management and community livelihoods. Literature review was conducted, questionnaires administered and Key Informant Interview and Focus Group Discussion held. The policy makers indicated that decentralization was being implemented in the country and they could distinguish the models being practiced and noted that decentralization was facilitating stakeholder participation and improving forest conservation and community livelihoods. The key challenges were; inadequate budgetary allocation; failure by state to transfer key functions to communities but had decentralized roles that reduce costs. The country has three forest management models and each was best in its context but can be enhanced through capacity building, financial support and partnerships.
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Woelansari, Marthalia, Maryono Maryono, Fuad Muhammad, M. Arief Rahman Halim, and Agus Setyawan. "Community participation in conservation of petungkriyono protected areas in pekalongan district." E3S Web of Conferences 202 (2020): 06002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020206002.
Full textAbstract:
The government determines forests based on the main functions of: Conservation forest, protection forest and production forest. The Petungkriyono protected forest is one of the conservation areas located in the Petungkriyono, Pekalongan City. Conservation of protected forests in Petungkriyono is very much needed considering the development of the wider city, so that the forests that were originally forest areas that functioned as green open spaces have been greatly reduced, especially in areas along the river that leads to Pekalongan City. The research method used in this study is to use descriptive research methods. The data collection technique used is the study of literature. Data analysis techniques were performed using a Likert scale calculated by discriminant analysis. Type of participation contributed by the community in the protected forest area of Petungkriyono; a) participation of ideas, b) energy, c) property, d) skill e) social participation. The form of community participation in the conservation of the Petungkriyono protected forest area; a) active participation, b) passive participation. Geographical factors that serve as a reference for the importance of conservation of the Petungkriyono protected forest are: a) habitat, b) consideration of the area, c) physical and human factors, and d) economic value.
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Ter-Mikaelian, Michael T., Stephen J. Colombo, and Jiaxin Chen. "Fact and fantasy about forest carbon." Forestry Chronicle 84, no. 2 (April 1, 2008): 166–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc84166-2.
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The Boreal Campaign initiated by environmental non-governmental organizations has resulted in a number of public statements about detrimental effects of harvesting on boreal forest carbon stocks. These statements are examined in the context of Ontario’s boreal forest. A review of scientific literature and the results of the authors’ original work on forest carbon demonstrate that these statements are based on either incomplete or inaccurate use of published scientific information. We conclude that forest management in Ontario, as governed by the Crown Forest Sustainability Act, increases total boreal forest carbon stock over the long term and that these conclusions are likely applicable to other jurisdictions where boreal forests are managed sustainably. Key words: boreal forest, carbon stocks, wood products, forest harvest
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Hochmalová, Miroslava, Tereza Červená, Ratna Chrismiari Purwestri, Miroslav Hájek, and Roman Sloup. "Anchor of cultural forest services in the national forest policies of Central European countries." Central European Forestry Journal 67, no. 4 (November 15, 2021): 212–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/forj-2021-0013.
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Abstract Forests and human connection with nature have a major impact on human health. Through exercise and recreation in the forest, people receive many benefits from forest ecosystem services (FES) which have a positive impact on their physical and mental health. The paper tackles two main goals i) the first one is an overview of existing literature related to human health and well-being derived from forests in the countries of Central Europe published in the Scopus database. ii) The second goal was to create an overview of policy instruments related to forest cultural services (FCS) in the forest policy documents of selected Central European countries (CEC). A partial goal of the research is to identify gaps and to find a focus of future research in the field of human forest well-being and FES. The results showed that on the national level there is a lack of guidelines for culture services and their anchor in legislative documents. A challenge for the anchor of cultural services is to improve communication between different resort organizations and forest stakeholders. For future research is recommended to survey the forest impact on human health that would provide a base for creating a platform for policy tools related to FCS and help to set up recreation planning in European forests.
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Duinker, Peter N., Patrick W. Matakala, Florence Chege, and Luc Bouthillier. "Community forests in Canada: An overview." Forestry Chronicle 70, no. 6 (December 1, 1994): 711–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc70711-6.
Full textAbstract:
A great deal of attention is being given in Canada at present to the idea of community forest. This is occurring at a time of unprecedented attention to forest management on one hand, and to community empowerment on the other. We conceive of a community forest as a tree-dominated ecosystem managed for multiple community values and benefits by the community.We review the literature and present examples of community forests in Europe and the United States. For Canada, we present an overview of community forest initiatives, policy developments, and research projects. For communities contemplating the concept of community forest, we present a series of considerations that need to be made early on: (a) landbase; (b) range of resources involved; (c) property rights and tenure options; (d) models of administration; (e) decision-making; (f) public participation; and (g) financing.The apparent growing interest in community forests in Canada has opened an exciting and challenging frontier for forest interests. We are convinced that Canada's future will be characterized by increases in people's demands for community forests, and by more experiments and trials to test a variety of manifestations of the concept. Learning from both successes and failures is vital. Key words: community, forest, community forest, community forestry, social forestry, Canada, forest management