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Journal articles on the topic 'Forest insects – United States'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Potter, Kevin, Maria Escanferla, Robert Jetton, and Gary Man. "Important Insect and Disease Threats to United States Tree Species and Geographic Patterns of Their Potential Impacts." Forests 10, no. 4 (2019): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10040304.

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Diseases and insects, particularly those that are non-native and invasive, arguably pose the most destructive threat to North American forests. Currently, both exotic and native insects and diseases are producing extensive ecological damage and economic impacts. As part of an effort to identify United States tree species and forests most vulnerable to these epidemics, we compiled a list of the most serious insect and disease threats for 419 native tree species and assigned a severity rating for each of the 1378 combinations between mature tree hosts and 339 distinct insect and disease agents.

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2

Fei, Songlin, Randall S. Morin, Christopher M. Oswalt, and Andrew M. Liebhold. "Biomass losses resulting from insect and disease invasions in US forests." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 35 (2019): 17371–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1820601116.

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Worldwide, forests are increasingly affected by nonnative insects and diseases, some of which cause substantial tree mortality. Forests in the United States have been invaded by a particularly large number (>450) of tree-feeding pest species. While information exists about the ecological impacts of certain pests, region-wide assessments of the composite ecosystem impacts of all species are limited. Here we analyze 92,978 forest plots distributed across the conterminous United States to estimate biomass loss associated with elevated mortality rates caused by the 15 most damaging nonnative fo

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3

Ojha, Santosh K., Kozma Naka, and Luben D. Dimov. "Assessment of Disturbances across Forest Inventory Plots in the Southeastern United States for the Period 1995–2018." Forest Science 66, no. 2 (2019): 242–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxz072.

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Abstract Disturbances of varying frequency and intensity shape the species composition, stand structure, and functions of forests. This study assessed the frequency and distribution of disturbances caused by eight agents (insects, diseases, fire, animals, weather, other vegetation, human, and unknown) in the forests of the southeastern United States from 1995 to 2018. We used data from 88,722 inventory measurements of 33,531 plots from the USDA Forest Inventory and Analysis database to assess disturbance among different forest types and to different canopy strata. Disturbances were detected in

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4

Gandhi, Campbell, and Abrams. "Current Status of Forest Health Policy in the United States." Insects 10, no. 4 (2019): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10040106.

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ederal policies related to forestry and forest health (specifically, insects and diseases) have the potential to affect management practices, terms of international and interstate trade, and long-term sustainability and conservation. Our objectives were to review existing federal policies, the role of federal agencies in managing forest health, and guidance for future policy efforts. Since the 1940s, various federal policies relevant to forest health have been established, and several US Department of Agriculture (USDA) agencies have been empowered to assist with prevention, quarantine, detect

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5

Guo, Qinfeng, Kurt Riitters, and Kevin Potter. "A Subcontinental Analysis of Forest Fragmentation Effects on Insect and Disease Invasion." Forests 9, no. 12 (2018): 744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f9120744.

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The influences of human and physical factors on species invasions have been extensively examined by ecologists across many regions. However, how habitat fragmentation per se may affect forest insect and disease invasion has not been well studied, especially the related patterns over regional or subcontinental scales. Here, using national survey data on forest pest richness and fragmentation data across United States forest ecosystems, we examine how forest fragmentation and edge types (neighboring land cover) may affect pest richness at the county level. Our results show that habitat fragmenta

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6

Morin, Randall S., Andrew M. Liebhold, Patrick C. Tobin, Kurt W. Gottschalk, and Eugene Luzader. "Spread of beech bark disease in the eastern United States and its relationship to regional forest composition." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 37, no. 4 (2007): 726–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x06-281.

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Beech bark disease (BBD) is an insect–fungus complex involving the beech scale insect ( Cryptococcus fagisuga Lind.) and one of two canker fungi. Beech scale was introduced to Halifax, Nova Scotia around 1890, presumably with the fungus Neonectria coccinea var. faginata Lohm. The disease has subsequently spread through a large portion of the range of beech. We used historical maps of the extent of the advancing BBD front (defined by presence of scale insects) in North America to estimate its rate of spread as 14.7 ± 0.9 km/year. This estimate did not account for stochastic “jumps” by the scale

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7

Eckhardt, Lori, Mary Anne Sword Sayer, and Don Imm. "State of Pine Decline in the Southeastern United States." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 34, no. 3 (2010): 138–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/34.3.138.

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Abstract Pine decline is an emerging forest health issue in the southeastern United States. Observations suggest pine decline is caused by environmental stress arising from competition, weather, insects and fungi, anthropogenic disturbances, and previous management. The problem is most severe for loblolly pine on sites that historically supported longleaf pine, are highly eroded, or are not managed. The purposes of this technical note are (1) to describe the symptomology and extent of pine decline in the southeastern United States; (2) to describe its connection with root disease, resource str

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8

Vindigni, M.A., A.D. Morris, D.A. Miller, and M.C. Kalcounis-Rueppell. "Use of modified water sources by bats in a managed pine landscape." Forest Ecology and Management 258, no. 9 (2009): 2056–61. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13470855.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In eastern North Carolina, USA, intensively managed pine (Pinus spp.) forests, a primary forest type in the Southeastern United States, often are established where water levels are maintained via ditching. In these landscapes, water occurs in numerous linear ditches and several small ponds (heliponds), used by helicopters for the suppression of forest fires. Changes to the physical structure of water sources may be important to bats that use these sources for drinking and foraging. Therefore, we examined bat activity in a managed pine landscap

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9

Vindigni, M.A., A.D. Morris, D.A. Miller, and M.C. Kalcounis-Rueppell. "Use of modified water sources by bats in a managed pine landscape." Forest Ecology and Management 258, no. 9 (2009): 2056–61. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13470855.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In eastern North Carolina, USA, intensively managed pine (Pinus spp.) forests, a primary forest type in the Southeastern United States, often are established where water levels are maintained via ditching. In these landscapes, water occurs in numerous linear ditches and several small ponds (heliponds), used by helicopters for the suppression of forest fires. Changes to the physical structure of water sources may be important to bats that use these sources for drinking and foraging. Therefore, we examined bat activity in a managed pine landscap

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10

Vindigni, M.A., A.D. Morris, D.A. Miller, and M.C. Kalcounis-Rueppell. "Use of modified water sources by bats in a managed pine landscape." Forest Ecology and Management 258, no. 9 (2009): 2056–61. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13470855.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In eastern North Carolina, USA, intensively managed pine (Pinus spp.) forests, a primary forest type in the Southeastern United States, often are established where water levels are maintained via ditching. In these landscapes, water occurs in numerous linear ditches and several small ponds (heliponds), used by helicopters for the suppression of forest fires. Changes to the physical structure of water sources may be important to bats that use these sources for drinking and foraging. Therefore, we examined bat activity in a managed pine landscap

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11

Vindigni, M.A., A.D. Morris, D.A. Miller, and M.C. Kalcounis-Rueppell. "Use of modified water sources by bats in a managed pine landscape." Forest Ecology and Management 258, no. 9 (2009): 2056–61. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13470855.

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Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In eastern North Carolina, USA, intensively managed pine (Pinus spp.) forests, a primary forest type in the Southeastern United States, often are established where water levels are maintained via ditching. In these landscapes, water occurs in numerous linear ditches and several small ponds (heliponds), used by helicopters for the suppression of forest fires. Changes to the physical structure of water sources may be important to bats that use these sources for drinking and foraging. Therefore, we examined bat activity in a managed pine landscap

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12

Vindigni, M.A., A.D. Morris, D.A. Miller, and M.C. Kalcounis-Rueppell. "Use of modified water sources by bats in a managed pine landscape." Forest Ecology and Management 258, no. 9 (2009): 2056–61. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13470855.

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Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) In eastern North Carolina, USA, intensively managed pine (Pinus spp.) forests, a primary forest type in the Southeastern United States, often are established where water levels are maintained via ditching. In these landscapes, water occurs in numerous linear ditches and several small ponds (heliponds), used by helicopters for the suppression of forest fires. Changes to the physical structure of water sources may be important to bats that use these sources for drinking and foraging. Therefore, we examined bat activity in a managed pine landscap

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13

Aukema, Juliann E., Brian Leung, Kent Kovacs, et al. "Economic Impacts of Non-Native Forest Insects in the Continental United States." PLoS ONE 6, no. 9 (2011): e24587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0024587.

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14

Lovett, Gary M., Marissa Weiss, Andrew M. Liebhold, et al. "Nonnative forest insects and pathogens in the United States: Impacts and policy options." Ecological Applications 26, no. 5 (2016): 1437–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/15-1176.

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15

Shaw, John D., Brytten E. Steed, and Larry T. DeBlander. "Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Annual Inventory Answers the Question: What Is Happening to Pinyon-Juniper Woodlands?" Journal of Forestry 103, no. 6 (2005): 280–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jof/103.6.280.

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Abstract Widespread mortality in the pinyon-juniper forest type is associated with several years of drought in the southwestern United States. A complex of drought, insects, and disease is responsible for pinyon mortality rates approaching 100% in some areas, while other areas have experienced little or no mortality. Implementation of the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) annual inventory in several states coincided with the onset of elevated mortality rates. Adjunct inventories provided supplemental data on damaging agents. Preliminary analysis reveals the status and trends of mortality in

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16

Udawatta, Ranjith P., Dusty Walter, and Shibu Jose. "Carbon sequestration by forests and agroforests: a reality check for the United States." Carbon Footprints 1 (2022): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/cf.2022.06.

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Climate change is a major global threat affecting food security and sustainability. Land use systems involving trees have the potential to positively impact climate change by reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and providing long-term carbon (C) storage. This review evaluated the C sequestration potential of two major land use systems of the United States (US) involving trees, forests and agroforests, which can also provide other ecosystem services.The estimated total forest C stock on forest land in the US in 1990 was 50,913 Tg and another 1885 Tg remained in harvested wood and discarde

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17

Olatinwo, Rabiu O., Stephen W. Fraedrich, and Albert E. Mayfield. "Laurel Wilt: Current and Potential Impacts and Possibilities for Prevention and Management." Forests 12, no. 2 (2021): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12020181.

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In recent years, outbreaks of nonnative invasive insects and pathogens have caused significant levels of tree mortality and disturbance in various forest ecosystems throughout the United States. Laurel wilt, caused by the pathogen Raffaelea lauricola (T.C. Harr., Fraedrich and Aghayeva) and the primary vector, the redbay ambrosia beetle (Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff), is a nonnative pest-disease complex first reported in the southeastern United States in 2002. Since then, it has spread across eleven southeastern states to date, killing hundreds of millions of trees in the plant family Lauracea

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18

Sambaraju, Kishan R., and Chantal Côté. "Are Climates in Canada and the United States Suitable for the European Spruce Bark Beetle, Ips typographus, and Its Fungal Associate, Endoconidiophora polonica?" Forests 12, no. 12 (2021): 1725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12121725.

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Invasions of exotic forest insects and pathogens can devastate evolutionarily naïve habitats and could cause irreversible changes to urban and natural ecosystems. Given the ever-increasing volume of trade in wood and plant stock worldwide, establishment of non-native pests under climate change is one of the most important forest health concerns currently. The European spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus, is a damaging, phloem-feeding insect of Norway spruce, Picea abies, in Eurasia. Endoconidiophora polonica is the most virulent ophiostomatoid fungal associate of I. typographus. Spruce species

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19

Qin, Hua, Hannah Brenkert-Smith, Jamie Vickery, Christine Sanders, and Courtney G. Flint. "Changing Perceptions and Actions in Response to Forest Disturbance by Mountain Pine Beetles in North Central Colorado." Journal of Forestry 119, no. 5 (2021): 493–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jofore/fvab020.

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Abstract Forest disturbances caused by insects, pathogens, and fire continue to increasingly occur within forests across the United States and around the world. Given the dynamic nature of these forest disturbances and the role played by local residents in risk management, it is valuable to explore how the human experience, attitudes, and behaviors associated with these ecological processes may evolve over time. In this paper, we assess temporal changes in local residents’ perceptions and actions in response to the mountain pine beetle outbreak that affected large swaths of forests in north ce

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20

Stump, Amanda J., Katie Bershing, Tara L. Bal, and Carsten Külheim. "Current and Future Insect Threats to Oaks of the Midwest, Great Lakes, and Northeastern United States and Canada." Forests 15, no. 8 (2024): 1361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15081361.

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Increasing temperatures, prolonged drought, the increased severity and intensity of storms, and other effects of climate change are being felt globally, and long-lived forest tree species may struggle in their current ranges. Oaks (Quercus spp.) have evolved a range of adaptations to dry and hot conditions and are believed to be a “climate change winner” by increasing their suitable habitat. However, a mixture of life history traits and increasing susceptibility to herbivores and xylovores as well as secondary pathogen infections still put oaks at risk of decline. Oak species found in the Midw

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21

Schwert, Donald P., Thane W. Anderson, Anne Morgan, Alan V. Morgan, and Paul F. Karrow. "Changes in Late Quaternary Vegetation and Insect Communities in Southwestern Ontario." Quaternary Research 23, no. 2 (1985): 205–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(85)90029-8.

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The Gage Street site in Kitchener, Ontario, is a peat/marl sequence representing continuous lacustrine sedimentation from the time of deglaciation (ca. 13,000 yr B.P.) through 6900 yr B.P. Insect, pollen, and plant macrofossil remains isolated from the sediments indicate that from ca. 13,000 to 12,500 yr B.P. the region was characterized by parkland-tundra vegetation existing within thermal conditions more analogous to those today of the midboreal forest. The transition from parkland to coniferous forest at ca. 12,500 yr B.P. occurred within a climate that was only gradually warming. By the ti

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22

Morris, Adam D., Darren A. Miller, and Matina C. Kalcounis‐Rueppell. "Use of Forest Edges by Bats in a Managed Pine Forest Landscape." Journal of Wildlife Management 74, no. 1 (2010): 26–34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13439788.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Forest edges often have increased species richness and abundance (edge effect) and affect spatial behaviors of species and dynamics of species interactions. Landscapes of intensively managed pine (Pinus spp.) stands are characterized by a mosaic of patches and linear forest edges. Managed pine forests are a primary landscape feature of the southeastern United States, but the effects of intensive management on bat communities are poorly understood. Insectivorous bats are important top predators in nocturnal forest food webs. We examined bat for

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Morris, Adam D., Darren A. Miller, and Matina C. Kalcounis‐Rueppell. "Use of Forest Edges by Bats in a Managed Pine Forest Landscape." Journal of Wildlife Management 74, no. 1 (2010): 26–34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13439788.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Forest edges often have increased species richness and abundance (edge effect) and affect spatial behaviors of species and dynamics of species interactions. Landscapes of intensively managed pine (Pinus spp.) stands are characterized by a mosaic of patches and linear forest edges. Managed pine forests are a primary landscape feature of the southeastern United States, but the effects of intensive management on bat communities are poorly understood. Insectivorous bats are important top predators in nocturnal forest food webs. We examined bat for

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Morris, Adam D., Darren A. Miller, and Matina C. Kalcounis‐Rueppell. "Use of Forest Edges by Bats in a Managed Pine Forest Landscape." Journal of Wildlife Management 74, no. 1 (2010): 26–34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13439788.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Forest edges often have increased species richness and abundance (edge effect) and affect spatial behaviors of species and dynamics of species interactions. Landscapes of intensively managed pine (Pinus spp.) stands are characterized by a mosaic of patches and linear forest edges. Managed pine forests are a primary landscape feature of the southeastern United States, but the effects of intensive management on bat communities are poorly understood. Insectivorous bats are important top predators in nocturnal forest food webs. We examined bat for

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Morris, Adam D., Darren A. Miller, and Matina C. Kalcounis‐Rueppell. "Use of Forest Edges by Bats in a Managed Pine Forest Landscape." Journal of Wildlife Management 74, no. 1 (2010): 26–34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13439788.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Forest edges often have increased species richness and abundance (edge effect) and affect spatial behaviors of species and dynamics of species interactions. Landscapes of intensively managed pine (Pinus spp.) stands are characterized by a mosaic of patches and linear forest edges. Managed pine forests are a primary landscape feature of the southeastern United States, but the effects of intensive management on bat communities are poorly understood. Insectivorous bats are important top predators in nocturnal forest food webs. We examined bat for

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26

Morris, Adam D., Darren A. Miller, and Matina C. Kalcounis‐Rueppell. "Use of Forest Edges by Bats in a Managed Pine Forest Landscape." Journal of Wildlife Management 74, no. 1 (2010): 26–34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13439788.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Forest edges often have increased species richness and abundance (edge effect) and affect spatial behaviors of species and dynamics of species interactions. Landscapes of intensively managed pine (Pinus spp.) stands are characterized by a mosaic of patches and linear forest edges. Managed pine forests are a primary landscape feature of the southeastern United States, but the effects of intensive management on bat communities are poorly understood. Insectivorous bats are important top predators in nocturnal forest food webs. We examined bat for

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27

Greenleaf, Jennifer, Ida Holásková, Elizabeth Rowen, Michael Gutensohn, Richard Turcotte, and Yong-Lak Park. "Arthropods Associated with Invasive Frangula alnus (Rosales: Rhamnaceae): Implications for Invasive Plant and Insect Management." Insects 14, no. 12 (2023): 913. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14120913.

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The invasive shrub glossy buckthorn (Frangula alnus) has been progressively colonizing the Northeastern United States and Southeastern Canada for more than a century. To determine the dominant arthropod orders and species associated with F. alnus, field surveys were conducted for two years across 16 plots within the Allegheny National Forest, Pennsylvania, USA. Statistical analyses were employed to assess the impact of seasonal variation on insect order richness and diversity. The comprehensive arthropod collection yielded 2845 insects and arachnids, with hemipterans comprising the majority (3

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28

Kolb, Thomas E., Christopher J. Fettig, Matthew P. Ayres, et al. "Observed and anticipated impacts of drought on forest insects and diseases in the United States." Forest Ecology and Management 380 (November 2016): 321–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.04.051.

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South, David B., William A. Carey, and Scott A. Enebak. "Chloropicrin as a soil fumigant in forest nurseries." Forestry Chronicle 73, no. 4 (1997): 489–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc73489-4.

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Chloropicrin has been tested as a soil fumigant in forest nurseries throughout the world. From 1944 to the late 1960's, tests were conducted in Australia, Canada, Netherlands, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States. Since 1985, studies have been conducted in Georgia, Mississippi, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia, Washington and Wisconsin. In Wisconsin, chloropicrin reduced soilborne pathogens as effectively as twice as much methyl bromide. Advantages of chloropicrin as a soil fumigant in southern pine nurseries include: efficacy similar to methyl bromide (in regards to reduction

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Hartshorn, Jessica A., Larry D. Galligan, and Fred M. Stephen. "Spatial patterns of within-tree Enaphalodes rufulus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) attacks during outbreak conditions in the Ozark National Forest in Arkansas, United States of America." Canadian Entomologist 151, no. 6 (2019): 738–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/tce.2019.52.

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AbstractEnaphalodes rufulus (Haldeman) (red oak borer; Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is a native wood borer that colonises and develops in oaks (Quercus Linnaeus; Fagaceae) across southeastern Canada and the eastern United States of America. It is rarely considered a pest because it normally occurs at low population density levels in stressed or dying oak trees. In the late 1990s and early 2000s there was a large, historically unique outbreak of E. rufulus in the Ozark mountains of Arkansas and Missouri, United States of America. This outbreak provided an opportunity to investigate within-tree spa

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Barriault, Isabelle, Marc Gibernau, and Denis Barabé. "Flowering period, thermogenesis, and pattern of visiting insects in Arisaema triphyllum (Araceae) in Quebec." Botany 87, no. 3 (2009): 324–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b08-132.

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Jack-in-the-Pulpit ( Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Torr.) is a perennial forest herb of southern Canada and the eastern United States. The flowering periods of male and female inflorescences in relation to the temperature of the inflorescence and the activity pattern of visiting insects were studied in one population in western Montreal Island (Quebec, Canada). The flowering period of A. triphyllum was long (20 d in male and female plants), which is unusual in temperate Aroideae. This floral trait could have evolved secondarily as an adaptation to increase pollination efficiency under highly variab

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Monahan, William B., Colton E. Arnspiger, Parth Bhatt, et al. "A spectral three-dimensional color space model of tree crown health." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (2022): e0272360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272360.

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Protecting the future of forests in the United States and other countries depends in part on our ability to monitor and map forest health conditions in a timely fashion to facilitate management of emerging threats and disturbances over a multitude of spatial scales. Remote sensing data and technologies have contributed to our ability to meet these needs, but existing methods relying on supervised classification are often limited to specific areas by the availability of imagery or training data, as well as model transferability. Scaling up and operationalizing these methods for general broadsca

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Oswalt, Christopher M., Songlin Fei, Qinfeng Guo, et al. "A subcontinental view of forest plant invasions." NeoBiota 24 (January 16, 2015): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.24.4526.

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Over the last few decades, considerable attention has focused on small-scale studies of invasive plants and invaded systems. Unfortunately, small scale studies rarely provide comprehensive insight into the complexities of biological invasions at macroscales. Systematic and repeated monitoring of biological invasions at broad scales are rare. In this report, we highlight a unique invasive plant database from the national Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program of the United States Forest Service. We demonstrate the importance and capability of this subcontinental-wide database by showcasing

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Ma, Wu, Grant M. Domke, Christopher W. Woodall, and Anthony W. D’Amato. "Land Use Changes, Disturbances, and Their Interactions on Future Forest Aboveground Biomass Dynamics in the Northern US." Forests 10, no. 7 (2019): 606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10070606.

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Land use change (LUC), disturbances, and their interactions play an important role in regional forest carbon (C) dynamics. Here we quantified how these activities and events may influence future aboveground biomass (AGB) dynamics in forests using national forest inventory (NFI) and Landsat time series data in the Northern United States (US). Total forest AGB predictions were based on simulations of diameter growth, mortality, and recruitment using matrix growth models under varying levels of LUC and disturbance severity (low (L), medium (M), and high (H)) every five years from 2018 to 2098. La

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Peck, Stewart B. "A REVIEW OF THE DISSOCHAETUS (COLEOPTERA: LEIODIDAE: CHOLEVINAE) OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA." Canadian Entomologist 131, no. 2 (1999): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent131179-2.

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AbstractDescriptions, a key to species, and distribution maps are presented for the three species of Dissochaetus Reitter 1884 known from America north of Mexico. A lectotype is designated for Dissochaetus oblitus LeConte, which occurs in the eastern deciduous forest biome of the eastern United States and southern Ontario. Dissochaetus arizonensis Hatch occurs in mountain forests from Arizona, New Mexico, and west Texas north to Wyoming. Dissochaetus mexicanus Jeannel is reported for the first time in the United States from montane forests in Big Bend, Texas. All are carrion scavengers. Each s

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Stephens, Scott L., and Peter Z. Fulé. "Western Pine Forests with Continuing Frequent Fire Regimes: Possible Reference Sites for Management." Journal of Forestry 103, no. 7 (2005): 357–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jof/103.7.357.

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Abstract In contrast to a few isolated forests in northern Mexico, most forests in the western Untied States have been significantly modified by fire suppression, harvesting, and livestock grazing. This has increased their fire hazards and many are in need of restoration. Understanding reference conditions is challenging because we have few intact forests functioning under the continuing influence of climate variation, insects, diseases, and frequent fires. This article summarizes information from reference sites and argues for incorporating natural heterogeneity in restoration targets across

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Wright, Erika R., Kevin D. Chase, Caitlin Littlejohn, Amber Stiller, and Samuel F. Ward. "Winter Activity for Crapemyrtle Bark Scale, an Urban Landscape Pest." HortScience 58, no. 10 (2023): 1237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci17341-23.

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Scale insects are some of the most abundant and damaging pests of urban forests in North America. Despite their prevalence, scale insect emergence during the winter dormant season, which could contribute to their population growth and spread and thereby inform management, has not been thoroughly investigated. Crapemyrtle bark scale (CMBS), Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae (Kuwana) (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae), is a nonnative pest of a widely grown landscape tree, crapemyrtle (Lagerstroemia spp.). Now present throughout the Southeast and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States, CMBS has spread rapid

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Measells, Marcus K., Stephen C. Grado, H. Glenn Hughes, Michael A. Dunn, Joshua Idassi, and Bob Zielinske. "Nonindustrial Private Forest Landowner Characteristics and Use of Forestry Services in Four Southern States: Results from a 2002–2003 Mail Survey." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 29, no. 4 (2005): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/29.4.194.

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Abstract Forest resources are important economic assets to the southern United States; however, many landowners do not realize the full benefit of their forestland. It was believed that few landowners were being served by forestry-related educational programs or other relevant activities. Therefore, forest landowners in Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee were engaged in focus groups and surveyed to determine barriers to participation. Six thousand surveys were mailed to landowners owning 10 or more acres of forestland. A total of 1,689 surveys were returned for an adjusted rate of

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Mayfield, Albert E., Jennifer Juzwik, Jamison Scholer, John D. Vandenberg, and Adam Taylor. "Effect of Bark Application With Beauveria bassiana and Permethrin Insecticide on the Walnut Twig Beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Black Walnut Bolts." Journal of Economic Entomology 112, no. 5 (2019): 2493–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz150.

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Abstract Formulations of entomopathogenic (insect-killing) fungi represent alternatives to synthetic insecticides in the management of forest and shade tree insects. We evaluated bark spray applications of the entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) strain GHA (BotaniGardES), permethrin insecticide (Astro), and water (control) on colonization of black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) (Fagales: Juglandaceae) bolts by the walnut twig beetle (Pityophthorus juglandis Blackman) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), vector of the fungus that causes thousand cankers disea

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Czaplewski, Nicholas J., Katrina L. Menard, and William D. Peachey. "Mesquite bugs, other insects, and a bat in the diet of pallid bats in southeastern Arizona." PeerJ 6 (December 4, 2018): e6065. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6065.

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The pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus) is a species of western North America, inhabiting ecoregions ranging from desert to oak and pine forest. They are primarily insectivorous predators on large arthropods that occasionally take small vertebrate prey, and are at least seasonally omnivorous in certain parts of their geographic range where they take nectar from cactus flowers and eat cactus fruit pulp and seeds. Until recently, mesquite bugs were primarily tropical-subtropical inhabitants of Mexico and Central America but have since occupied the southwestern United States where mesquite trees occu

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Paciorek, Christopher J., Charles V. Cogbill, Jody A. Peters, et al. "The forests of the midwestern United States at Euro-American settlement: Spatial and physical structure based on contemporaneous survey data." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (2021): e0246473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246473.

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We present gridded 8 km-resolution data products of the estimated stem density, basal area, and biomass of tree taxa at Euro-American settlement of the midwestern United States during the middle to late 19th century for the states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, and Indiana. The data come from settlement-era Public Land Survey (PLS) data (ca. 0.8-km resolution) of trees recorded by land surveyors. The surveyor notes have been transcribed, cleaned, and processed to estimate stem density, basal area, and biomass at individual points. The point-level data are aggregated within 8 km g

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Feeley, Christopher, Elwood Hart, Janette Thompson, and Thomas Harrington. "Occurrence, Associated Symptoms, and Potential Insect Vectors of the Ash Yellows Phytoplasma In Iowa, U.S." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 27, no. 6 (2001): 331–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2001.037.

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The ash yellows (AshY) phytoplasma has been reported widely across the United States as an organism associated with ash decline in urban communities. Prior surveys conducted in Iowa communities indicated that AshY was found in up to 20% of the urban green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh.) when using the DAPI (4' ,6-diamidino-2-pheyIindole'2HCl) staining method. A new survey of trees in nine Iowa communities used polymerase chain reaction (PCR.) to detect the AshY phytoplasma. PCR analyses of tree tissue were positive for AshY in 4% of the 240 trees surveyed. Although 145 of the sampled trees

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Melachrinoudis, Emanuel, David Rumpf, and Ramon Venegas. "Mixed integer programming improves spray operation planning." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 17, no. 12 (1987): 1602–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x87-245.

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The spruce budworm is the most destructive pest of spruce and fir forests in the northern United States and Canada. To counter the insect, the Maine Forest Service has, for the last decade (1975–1985), conducted a large-scale spray operation in Maine's northern and eastern forests. The operation involves the use of several types of aircraft flying from several airfields to spray hundreds of target areas. A minimum cost mixed integer programming model was developed to determine the airfield locations, the number of types of aircraft, and the flight plans to best conduct the spray operation. The

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Czaplewski, Nicholas J., Katrina L. Menard, and William D. Peachey. "Mesquite bugs, other insects, and a bat in the diet of pallid bats in southeastern Arizona." PeerJ 6 (June 12, 2018): e6065. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13484476.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus) is a species of western North America, inhabiting ecoregions ranging from desert to oak and pine forest. They are primarily insectivorous predators on large arthropods that occasionally take small vertebrate prey, and are at least seasonally omnivorous in certain parts of their geographic range where they take nectar from cactus flowers and eat cactus fruit pulp and seeds. Until recently, mesquite bugs were primarily tropical-subtropical inhabitants of Mexico and Central America but have since occupied the s

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45

Czaplewski, Nicholas J., Katrina L. Menard, and William D. Peachey. "Mesquite bugs, other insects, and a bat in the diet of pallid bats in southeastern Arizona." PeerJ 6 (June 7, 2018): e6065. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13484476.

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Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus) is a species of western North America, inhabiting ecoregions ranging from desert to oak and pine forest. They are primarily insectivorous predators on large arthropods that occasionally take small vertebrate prey, and are at least seasonally omnivorous in certain parts of their geographic range where they take nectar from cactus flowers and eat cactus fruit pulp and seeds. Until recently, mesquite bugs were primarily tropical-subtropical inhabitants of Mexico and Central America but have since occupied the s

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Czaplewski, Nicholas J., Katrina L. Menard, and William D. Peachey. "Mesquite bugs, other insects, and a bat in the diet of pallid bats in southeastern Arizona." PeerJ 6 (July 3, 2018): e6065. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13484476.

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Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus) is a species of western North America, inhabiting ecoregions ranging from desert to oak and pine forest. They are primarily insectivorous predators on large arthropods that occasionally take small vertebrate prey, and are at least seasonally omnivorous in certain parts of their geographic range where they take nectar from cactus flowers and eat cactus fruit pulp and seeds. Until recently, mesquite bugs were primarily tropical-subtropical inhabitants of Mexico and Central America but have since occupied the s

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47

Czaplewski, Nicholas J., Katrina L. Menard, and William D. Peachey. "Mesquite bugs, other insects, and a bat in the diet of pallid bats in southeastern Arizona." PeerJ 6 (July 10, 2018): e6065. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13484476.

Full text

Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus) is a species of western North America, inhabiting ecoregions ranging from desert to oak and pine forest. They are primarily insectivorous predators on large arthropods that occasionally take small vertebrate prey, and are at least seasonally omnivorous in certain parts of their geographic range where they take nectar from cactus flowers and eat cactus fruit pulp and seeds. Until recently, mesquite bugs were primarily tropical-subtropical inhabitants of Mexico and Central America but have since occupied the s

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Carrington, Mary E., J. Jeffrey Mullahey, Gerard Krewer, Bob Boland, and James Affolter. "Saw Palmetto (Serenoa repens): An Emerging Forest Resource in the Southeastern United States." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 24, no. 3 (2000): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/24.3.129.

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Abstract Saw palmetto fruits collected from the wild are becoming a significant economic resource in Florida and south Georgia. The fruits are used to produce a drug for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Here we introduce saw palmetto as an emerging resource for foresters and land managers, evaluate potential management practices, and discuss harvesting, processing and marketing aspects. Fruit production can be variable, affected by fruit disease, insect damage to flowers, depletion of plant carbohydrate reserves and drought. Controlled burning can enhance flowering and frui

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Bright, Benjamin C., Andrew T. Hudak, Arjan J. H. Meddens, Joel M. Egan, and Carl L. Jorgensen. "Mapping Multiple Insect Outbreaks across Large Regions Annually Using Landsat Time Series Data." Remote Sensing 12, no. 10 (2020): 1655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12101655.

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Forest insect outbreaks have caused and will continue to cause extensive tree mortality worldwide, affecting ecosystem services provided by forests. Remote sensing is an effective tool for detecting and mapping tree mortality caused by forest insect outbreaks. In this study, we map insect-caused tree mortality across three coniferous forests in the Western United States for the years 1984 to 2018. First, we mapped mortality at the tree level using field observations and high-resolution multispectral imagery collected in 2010, 2011, and 2018. Using these high-resolution maps of tree mortality a

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McCarthy, J. "Gap dynamics of forest trees: A review with particular attention to boreal forests." Environmental Reviews 9, no. 1 (2001): 1–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/a00-012.

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Small-scale gap disturbance in forests is reviewed. Caused by the death of individual or multiple trees with subsequent fall from the canopy, gaps have been extensively studied in temperate deciduous and tropical forests for the past 20 years. This review considers much of this research with a view to assessing the importance of gap disturbance in boreal forests. Because of the ubiquity of large-scale, stand-initiating disturbances such as landscape-level fires, epidemic insect outbreaks, and periodic extensive windthrow events, gap processes in boreal forests have received little attention. R

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