To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Forest with Araucaria.
Journal articles on the topic 'Forest with Araucaria'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Forest with Araucaria.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Duarte, L. S., L. R. Dillenburg, and L. M. G. Rosa. "Assessing the role of light availability in the regeneration of Araucaria angustifolia (Araucariaceae)." Australian Journal of Botany 50, no. 6 (2002): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt02027.
Full textAbstract:
The role of Brazilian pine (Araucaria angustifolia) in the process of forest succession is a topic of increasing controversy. While some authors consider the species to be pioneer, others consider it to be a climax species in relict temperate forests. We designed a field experiment to assess the role of light availability on the regeneration of A. angustifolia. The following three forests, with contrasting patterns of the species regeneration, were selected at a National Forest in southern Brazil: a Pinus plantation, an Araucaria plantation and a native araucarian forest. We analysed the population structure of Brazilian pine, the vegetation architecture, the light regime experienced by seedlings and the height growth of seedlings and sprouts. Brazilian pine colonisation and regeneration were observed in the Pinus and Araucaria plantations, respectively. No seedlings were found in the native forest. The greatest foliage area index and canopy cover were found in the native forest and the smallest in the Pinus plantation. In spite of the architectural differences, the native forest and the Araucaria plantation had similar light conditions and they both had lower levels of irradiances than the Pinus plantation. Seedlings and sprouts of Brazilian pine were found to occupy spots in the Araucaria plantation with canopy cover greater than the average forest conditions. Considering the similarity of understorey light conditions between the Araucaria plantation and the native forest (where no regeneration was taking place), we concluded that light availability was not limiting the regeneration of the species. Tolerance to shading and other aspects of the species indicate that Brazilian pine is not strictly heliophyllous and pioneer and is able to be established in the forest understorey.
2
Souza, Maíra Michalak de, Bruno Busnello Kubiak, Renan Maestri, Rafael Kretschmer, and Daniel Galiano. "New record of Juliomys ossitenuis Costa, Pavan, Leite & Fagundes, 2007 (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae) in Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil." Check List 16, no. 4 (2020): 805–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/16.4.805.
Full textAbstract:
Juliomys ossitenuis Costa, Pavan, Leite and Fagundes, 2007 was previously known in Brazil from the Atlantic Forest of the Southeastern Region to the Dense Ombrophilous Forest and Araucaria Forest of the Southern Region. The new record from Chapecó, in Santa Catarina state, confirmed by morphological and cytogenetic analyses, extends its distribution about 300 km westwards. This is the westernmost record for the species, in a region characterized by the transition between deciduous and Araucaria forests.
3
Baretta, Dilmar, Antonio Domingos Brescovit, Irene Knysak, and Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso. "Trap and soil monolith sampled edaphic spiders (arachnida: araneae) in Araucaria angustifolia forest." Scientia Agricola 64, no. 4 (2007): 375–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162007000400008.
Full textAbstract:
Forests with Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze trees are endangered in Brazil, and information on the diversity of soil spider families associated to these environments is practically inexistent. The present study was set up to evaluate the abundance and diversity of soil spider families in natural and reforested Araucaria forests, impacted or not by fire, and to identify the most efficient method to collect these organisms. The study was conducted in four areas: native forest with predominance of Araucaria (NF); Araucaria reforestation (R); Araucaria reforestation submitted to an accidental fire (RF); and native grass pasture with native Araucaria and submitted to an intense accidental fire (NPF). Considering both sampling methods (Monolith and Pitfall traps), 20 spider families were identified. The pitfall trap method was more effective as it captured 19 out of the 20 recorded families, while the Monolith method extracted only ten spider families. Spider family abundance and Shannon's diversity index (H) were affected by the employed collection method; the values for these attributes were always higher for the NF and lower for the NPF. Correspondence analysis (CA) showed a spatial separation among spider familiy assemblages from the different studied areas. It is suggested that changes in the abundance of soil spider families in Araucaria forests are mainly caused by recurrent human intervention over the last few years.
4
Ferretti, Nelson, Sofía Copperi, Leonela Schwerdt, and Gabriel Pompozzi. "First record of Vitalius longisternalis Bertani, 2001 (Araneae, Theraphosidae) in Argentina and notes on its natural history in Misiones province." Check List 11, no. 5 (2015): 1748. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/11.5.1748.
Full textAbstract:
This is the first record for the tarantula Vitalius longisternalis Bertani, 2001 in Parana and Araucaria Forests, Misiones province, northeastern Argentina. Specimens were found at Iguazú National Park and Urugua-í Wildlife Reserve. Data on its natural history is provided.Tarantula, Parana, Araucaria Forest, distribution extension
5
Sehgal, L., O. P. Sehgal, and P. K. Khosla. "Micropropagation of Araucaria columnaris Hook." Annales des Sciences Forestières 46, Supplement (1989): 158s—160s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/forest:19890536.
Full text
6
Zandavalli, Roberta Boscaini, Sidney Luiz Stürmer, and Lúcia Rebello Dillenburg. "Species richness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in forests with Araucaria in Southern Brazil." Hoehnea 35, no. 1 (2008): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2236-89062008000100003.
Full textAbstract:
This study aimed to characterize species richness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in three distinct forests with Araucaria angustifolia (native forest, reforestation with A. angustifolia and plantation with Pinus taeda) in the "Floresta Nacional de São Francisco de Paula", State of Rio Grande do Sul, also accounting for seasonal variation. Six soil samples from each forest were collected from Araucaria angustifolia rhizosphere in four seasons during a one-year period, for identification of the AMF species. Spores were extracted by wet-sieving followed by centrifugation in water and 50% sucrose solution. The greatest richness (16 species) was found in the Araucaria reforestation and the lowest in the native forest (eight species). The season with higher species richness was different in each site. The most representative genera in all forests were Acaulospora and Glomus. Historical aspects and plant species composition can account for some of the differences among sites.
7
Marchioro, Cesar A., Karine L. Santos, and Alexandre Siminski. "Present and future of the critically endangered Araucaria angustifolia due to climate change and habitat loss." Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research 93, no. 3 (2019): 401–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpz066.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The critically endangered Brazilian pine, also called araucaria, (Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze) is a key species of the Araucaria moist forest (AMF, Mixed Ombrophilous Forest). Illegal timber extraction, agricultural conversion and severe degradation have reduced the AMF to only 13 per cent of its original cover, with climate change imposing additional challenges for cold adapted species such as araucaria. Previous studies have assessed climate change impacts on A. angustifolia, but have been limited by analysis constraints. Here, we used a machine learning technique to understand how land use and climate change might affect the distribution of A. angustifolia, and to evaluate the effectiveness of existing protected areas (PAs) to conserve this species. Our results demonstrated that despite the recent efforts to conserve the Atlantic Forest, conversion of natural habitats into forest plantation still occurs within araucaria’s distribution range. Our model predicted a drastic reduction in environmentally suitable areas for this species of up to 77 per cent in the coming decades. Also, the existing PAs show low efficacy to protect suitable areas in the future. Combined, these results suggest that A. angustifolia will be under great threat within the next few decades and the development of conservation strategies to save this species is essential. Ideally, the conservation programs should integrate in situ and on farm approaches, including forest management strategies. Although in situ strategies play an important role as gene banks, on-farm strategies can be used to promote the restoration and expansion of A. angustifolia populations in the areas predicted as suitable.
8
Neroni, Rafaela de Fátima, and Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso. "Occurrence of diazotrophic bacteria in Araucaria angustifolia." Scientia Agricola 64, no. 3 (2007): 303–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162007000300015.
Full textAbstract:
Araucaria angustifolia is an environmentally threatened tree and the whole biota of the Araucaria Forest should be investigated with the aim of its preservation. Diazotrophic bacteria are extremely important for the maintenance of ecosystems, but they have never been studied in Araucaria Forests. In this study, diazotrophic bacteria were isolated from Araucaria roots and soil, when grown in semi-specific, semi-solid media. The diazotrophic character of some recovered isolates could be confirmed using the acetylene reduction assay. According to their 16S rRNA sequences, most of these isolates belong to the genus Burkholderia.
9
Carvalho, Fernanda de, Fatima Maria de Souza Moreira, and Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso. "Chemical and biochemical properties of Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) Ktze. forest soils in the state of São Paulo." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 36, no. 4 (2012): 1189–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832012000400013.
Full textAbstract:
Araucaria angustifolia, commonly named Araucaria, is a Brazilian native species that is intensively exploited due to its timber quality. Therefore, Araucaria is on the list of species threatened by extinction. Despite the importance of soil for forest production, little is known about the soil properties of the highly fragmented Araucaria forests. This study was designed to investigate the use of chemical and biological properties as indicators of conservation and anthropogenic disturbance of Araucaria forests in different sampling periods. The research was carried out in two State parks of São Paulo: Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto do Ribeira and Parque Estadual de Campos de Jordão. The biochemical properties carbon and nitrogen in microbial biomass (MB-C and MB-N), basal respiration (BR), the metabolic quotient (qCO2) and the following enzyme activities: β-glucosidase, urease, and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis (FDA) were evaluated. The sampling period (dry or rainy season) influenced the results of mainly MB-C, MB-N, BR, and qCO2. The chemical and biochemical properties, except K content, were sensitive indicators of differences in the conservation and anthropogenic disturbance stages of Araucaria forests. Although these forests differ in biochemical and chemical properties, they are efficient in energy use and conservation, which is shown by their low qCO2, suggesting an advanced stage of succession.
10
Baretta, Dilmar, George Gardner Brown, Samuel Wooster James, and Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso. "Earthworm populations sampled using collection methods in atlantic forests with Araucaria angustifolia." Scientia Agricola 64, no. 4 (2007): 384–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162007000400009.
Full textAbstract:
Araucaria angustifolia, also known as the Paraná Pine is an endangered tree species in Brazil and little is known of the diversity of soil invertebrates inhabiting these forests. Therefore, the present study was set up to evaluate the biomass and diversity of earthworms in natural and reforested Araucaria plots, impacted or not by fire, and to identify the most efficient earthworm collection method. Four study areas included: native forest with Araucaria (NF); Araucaria reforestation (R); Araucaria reforestation submitted to an accidental fire (RF); and native grass pasture with native Araucaria and submitted to an intense accidental fire (NPF). Five soil samples containing the earthworm community were taken in a 0.3 ha area in each of the forest sites, close to five Araucaria trees selected at random. Three collection methods were tested: application of dilute Formol (0.5%) to the soil surface, handsorting of small (25 <FONT FACE=Symbol>´</FONT> 25 cm) or large (40<FONT FACE=Symbol>´</FONT> 40 cm) monoliths. Five earthworm species were found: the native Glossoscolex sp.1, Glossoscolex sp.2, Glossoscolex bondari and Urobenus brasiliensis (Glossoscolecidae), and the exotic Amynthas corticis (Megascolecidae). Formol was more efficient for collecting A. corticis, found in much higher abundance and biomass in NF than in the other areas. Larger handsorted samples were more efficient for capturing Glossoscolex species, mainly present in RF and NPF. For adequate characterization of earthworm abundance and biomass in these Araucaria forests, both the Formol and the larger monolith methods are recommended.
11
Moreira, Milene, Dilmar Baretta, Siu Mui Tsai, and Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso. "Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in native and in replanted Araucaria forest." Scientia Agricola 66, no. 5 (2009): 677–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162009000500013.
Full textAbstract:
Araucaria angustifolia is an important Brazilian conifer, but it is endangered of extinction due to excessive logging. The objective of the present case study was to survey data on the diversity of AMF in Araucaria angustifolia forests, and to learn whether it is possible to discriminate between the AMF communities associated with natural, introduced, and impacted-by-anthropogenic-action ecosystems. Three ecosystems representative of the Campos do Jordão (São Paulo State, Brazil) region were selected, as follows: (i) a native climax forest, with predominance of Araucaria trees, without anthropogenic interference (NF), (ii) Araucaria forest introduced in 1959 (RE), and (iii) Araucaria forest introduced in 1958, submitted to accidental fire in July 2001 (RF). Sampling of rhizosphere soil was performed at a 0-20 cm depth around each Araucaria tree, and 2 m from the trunk, in the months of May and October, 2002. AMF spores were separated from the soil, counted, and taxonomically identified, while the roots were evaluated for mycorrhizal colonization. The ecological indices R (Richness), Is (Simpson's dominance index) and H (Shannon's diversity index) were calculated. All the data were submitted to univariate (two-way ANOVA) and correspondence analysis (CA). Considering both samplings and the three areas, twenty-six AMF species were found, distributed among five genera, Acaulospora and Glomus being the most frequent ones. There were no differences among the three areas for R, Is, and H. CA demonstrated that there is a spatial separation among the three areas, and the AMF that preferentially associated with each area.
12
González, Mauro E., Ariel A. Muñoz, Álvaro González-Reyes, Duncan A. Christie, and Jason Sibold. "Fire history in Andean Araucaria–Nothofagus forests: coupled influences of past human land-use and climate on fire regimes in north-west Patagonia." International Journal of Wildland Fire 29, no. 8 (2020): 649. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf19174.
Full textAbstract:
Historical fire regimes are critical for understanding the potential effects of changing climate and human land-use on forest landscapes. Fire is a major disturbance process affecting the Andean Araucaria forest landscape in north-west Patagonia. The main goals of this study were to reconstruct the fire history of the Andean Araucaria–Nothofagus forests and to evaluate the coupled influences of climate and humans on fire regimes. Reconstructions of past fires indicated that the Araucaria forest landscape has been shaped by widespread, stand-replacing fires favoured by regional interannual climate variability related to major tropical and extratropical climate drivers in the southern hemisphere. Summer precipitation and streamflow reconstructions tended to be below average during fire years. Fire events were significantly related to positive phases of the Southern Annular Mode and to warm and dry summers following El Niño events. Although Euro-Chilean settlement (1883–1960) resulted in widespread burning, cattle ranching by Pehuenche Native Americans during the 18th and 19th centuries also appears to have changed the fire regime. In the context of climate change, two recent widespread wildfires (2002 and 2015) affecting Araucaria forests appear to be novel and an early indication of a climate change driven shift in fire regimes in north-west Patagonia.
13
PENNECKAMP, DIEGO N. "Valeriana nahuelbutae sp. nov. (Caprifoliaceae), a new endemic plant from Nahuelbuta mountain range in central-south Chile." Phytotaxa 441, no. 2 (2020): 217–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.441.2.9.
Full textAbstract:
A new species of Valeriana (Caprifoliaceae) is described based on morphological characters. This new species is endemic from Nahuelbuta mountain range (37º 30’ and 38º 30’ S latitude approx.) in central-south Chile, associated to Araucaria araucana and Nothofagus spp. forest. This new species have an isolated distribution with specific riparian habitat.
14
Ariel, Hadad Martín, and Roig Juñent Fidel Alejandro. "Sex-related climate sensitivity of Araucaria araucana Patagonian forest-steppe ecotone." Forest Ecology and Management 362 (February 2016): 130–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2015.11.049.
Full text
15
Gnigler, Luciana Beatriz, and Mayara Krasinski Caddah. "Vascular species composition of a contact zone between Seasonal and Araucaria forests in Guaraciaba, Far West of Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil." Check List 11, no. 1 (2015): 1494. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/11.1.1494.
Full textAbstract:
A floristic survey was carried out in a contact area between Araucaria Forest and Seasonal Forest areas, in the municipality of Guaraciaba, Far West of Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil. We provide a checklist containing 108 species and 42 plant families for the area. Families with the most encountered number of species were Myrtaceae (eight species), Solanaceae (eight), Euphorbiaceae (seven) and Poaceae (six). Two species are classified as endangered of extinction, following IUCN criteria. An analysis using UPGMA algorithm and species composition comparisons using additional 6 areas of Araucaria Forest and 6 areas of Seasonal Forest showed its greater relationship to other Araucaria Forest areas, but also the influence of the adjacent Seasonal Forest areas in the floristic composition of the surveyed area.
16
Moreira, Milene, Dilmar Baretta, Siu Mui Tsai, Sandra Maria Gomes-da-Costa, and Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso. "Biodiversity and distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Araucaria angustifolia forest." Scientia Agricola 64, no. 4 (2007): 393–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162007000400010.
Full textAbstract:
Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Ktze. is an endangered Brazilian coniferous tree that has been almost exterminated in the native areas because of uncontrolled wood exploitation. This tree has been shown to be highly dependent on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and, therefore, AMF may be essential for forest sustainability and biological diversity. Root colonization, density and diversity of AMF spores were assessed in two Araucaria forest stands at the State Park of Alto Ribeira (PETAR), at two sampling dates: May and October. A comparison was made between a mature native stand composed of Araucaria trees mixed into a variety of tropical trees and shrubs, without any sign of anthropogenic interference (FN) and an Araucaria stand planted in 1987 (R), which has been used as a pasture. Assessments included percent root colonization, AMF spore numbers and species richness, Simpson's dominance index (Is), and Shannon's diversity index (H). Mycorrhizal root colonization did not differ between ecosystems in May. In October, however, the native stand (FN) presented a higher colonization than the planted forest (R), and the root colonization was more intense than in May. When considering both sampling periods and forests, 27 species of AM fungi, with higher numbers of spores in FN than in R were found. Canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) indicated Shannon's diversity index as the ecological attribute that contributed the most to distinguish between forest ecosystems, with higher value of H in FN in relation to R. CDA showed to be a useful tool for the study of ecological attributes.
17
Ebling, Angelo Augusto, Sylvio Péllico Netto, Luciano Farinha Watzlawick, Rodrigo Otávio Veiga de Miranda, and Simone Filipini Abrão. "ECOLOGIA E PROJEÇÃO DIAMÉTRICA DE TRÊS GRUPOS ARBÓREOS EM REMANESCENTE DE FLORESTA OMBRÓFILA MISTA EM SÃO FRANCISCO DE PAULA, RS." FLORESTA 43, no. 2 (2013): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v43i2.28604.
Full textAbstract:
A Floresta Ombrófila Mista desempenha importante função social e ecológica na região Sul do Brasil. Embora tenha sofrido um profundo processo exploratório, resultando em sua fragmentação, apresenta elevado potencial para o manejo que, devidamente aplicado, favorece a conservação e recuperação de seus remanescentes. Com o objetivo de avaliar o incremento diamétrico e a dinâmica sucessional dessa fitofisionomia, foram empregados dados oriundos do estrato arbóreo (DAP ≥9,5 cm) de 10 parcelas permanentes de 1 ha cada, remedidas anualmente entre o período de 2000 a 2009, na Floresta Nacional de São Francisco de Paula, RS. As observações e projeções indicaram gradual redução da densidade da floresta, com destaque para a espécie Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntz., entretanto, observou-se tendência de aumento na densidade da família Lauraceae. O período de meia vida estimado para a floresta foi de 97 anos e, para Araucaria angustifolia, 332 anos. As estimativas ainda sugerem que, em 71 anos, as espécies de Lauraceae devem duplicar sua densidade. O crescimento da floresta foi inferior ao da família Lauraceae (= 0,175 cm/ano e = 0,179 cm/ano, respectivamente) e a Araucaria angustifolia manteve o menor crescimento (= 0,159 cm/ano). As análises indicaram um avanço sucessional, com a gradual substituição da Araucaria angustifolia por espécies com maior adaptação às condições de equilíbrio.Palavras-chave: Família Lauraceae; Floresta com Araucária; sucessão florestal. AbstractEcology and diametric projection of three arboreal groups in a Mixed Ombrophilous Forest fragment in São Francisco de RS, Brazil. The Mixed Ombrophylous Forest performs an important social and ecological function in southern Brazil. Although it has suffered a profound exploratory process, resulting in their fragmentation, it has a high potential for management that, properly applied, promotes conservation and recovery of their remains. In order to assess the increment in diameter and dynamics of phytophisiognomy, this research used data from the tree strata (DBH≥9.5 cm) of 10 permanent plots of 1 ha each remeasured annually between the period 2000 to 2009 in São Francisco de Paula National Forest, RS, Brazil. The observations and projections indicate a gradual reduction in the forest density, showing up Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze species, however, for the Lauraceae species, there was a tendency of increase. The period of half-life estimated for the forest was 97 years and for Araucaria angustifolia, 332 years. The estimates also suggested that in 71 years, the Lauraceae should double its density. The forest growth was lower than that observed in the Lauraceae (=0.175 cm/year and =0.179 cm/year, respectively) and Araucaria angustifolia maintained the lowest growth (=0.159 cm/year). The analysis indicated a positive advance, with the gradual replacement of Araucaria angustifolia by other species with greater adaptation to the successional conditions. Keywords: Araucaria Forest; Lauraceae family; forest succession.
18
Moreira, Milene, Dilmar Baretta, Siu Mui Tsai, and Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso. "Spore density and root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in preserved or disturbed Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Ktze. ecosystems." Scientia Agricola 63, no. 4 (2006): 380–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162006000400009.
Full textAbstract:
Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Ktze., a native forest tree from Brazil, is under extinction risk. This tree depends on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for growth and development, especially in tropical low-P soils but, despite being a conifer, Araucaria does not form ectomycorrhiza, but only the arbuscular endomycorrhiza. This study aimed at surveying data on the spore density and root colonization (CR) by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in Araucaria angustifolia forest ecosystems, in order to discriminate natural, implemented, and anthropic action-impacted ecosystems, by means of Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA). Three ecosystems representative of the Campos do Jordão (SP, Brazil) region were selected: 1. a native forest (FN); 2. a replanted Araucaria forest (R); and 3. a replanted Araucaria forest, submitted to accidental fire (RF). Rhizosphere soil and roots were sampled in May and October, 2002, for root colonization, AMF identification, and spores counts. Root percent colonization rates at first collection date were relatively low and did not differ amongst ecosystems. At the second period, FN presented higher colonization than the other two areas, with much higher figures than during the first period, for all areas. Spore density was lower in FN than in the other areas. A total of 26 AMF species were identified. The percent root colonization and spore numbers were inversely related to each other in all ecosystems. CDA indicated that there is spatial distinction among the three ecosystems in regard to the evaluated parameters.
19
Thomaz, Edivaldo Lopes, and Valdemir Antoneli. "RAIN INTERCEPTION IN A SECONDARY FRAGMENT OF ARAUCARIA FOREST WITH FAXINAL, GUARAPUAVA-PR." CERNE 21, no. 3 (2015): 363–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/01047760201521031736.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Forest management can alter the structure of vegetation (layer), particularly in areas used for pasture, such as the Faxinal areas in the south central region of Paraná, Brazil. Therefore, the aims of the present study were as follows: a) to assess rain interception in secondary forests; b) to estimate the maximum precipitation intercepted by the forest; and c) to discuss the possible implications of throughfall for the hydrologic processes of the secondary forest (Faxinal). Nine 20-cm-diameter rain gauges (314 cm2) were used. Rain gauges were distributed randomly throughout the forest and were successively rotated after a specific number of rainfalls. A total of 66 rainfall events of different volumes were recorded. We observed that an increase in rain volume tended to homogenize the rainfall interception rate in the forest. Consecutive rainfalls did not significantly influence the interception rate in the secondary forest. However, the interception in the secondary forest (10.5%) was lower than the mean interception rate recorded in other Brazilian forests.
20
BOESING, ANDREA LARISSA, and LUIZ DOS ANJOS. "The Azure Jay may reproduce in plantations of Araucaria angustifolia in southern Brazil." Bird Conservation International 22, no. 2 (2012): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270911000529.
Full textAbstract:
SummaryWe undertook field observations of the Azure Jay Cyanocorax caeruleus in Araucaria plantations and a secondary forest in southern Brazil from 2007 to 2010. During the breeding season, the territory and the flock sizes in Araucaria plantations (31.6–42.2 ha; 2–3 individuals) seemed to be smaller than in the secondary forest (64.5–72.6 ha; 5–6 individuals). One active nest was monitored in October–November 2009 and indicated cooperative breeding by the Azure Jay, as for the majority of American jays. The fact that reproduction was documented in Araucaria plantations may be positive for the conservation of this species, since natural areas of mixed rainforest are becoming increasingly scarce.
21
Souza, Alexandre F. "Conifer demography in forest–grassland mosaics: a landscape-scale study over a 24-year period." Botany 95, no. 7 (2017): 717–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2016-0315.
Full textAbstract:
Our understanding regarding the demography of adult conifers in forest–grassland mosaics is still limited. I studied the landscape-scale demography and spatial distribution of the conifer Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze in a subtropical forest–grassland mosaic over a 24-year period. Araucaria angustifolia is a long-lived pioneer that is expected to thrive in grasslands and forest edges better than in forest patches. I used the position of trees in aerial photographs taken in 1984 to analyze spatial patterns and a 2008 satellite image to estimate individual survivorship. Spatial distribution of trees in the grassland was aggregated and was not related to the distribution of trees in forest patches. Survivorship was higher in forest patches than in grasslands, where it showed density dependence. In forest patches, survivorship was positively related to both patch area and distance from forest edge. Crown breakage was more common in the grassland than in forest patches. In forest patches, it was positively related to crown size, number of conspecific neighbours, and patch area. Adult Araucaria angustifolia seem to benefit from angiosperm-dominated neighbourhoods relative to isolation in grasslands. Density-dependent effects, known to be widespread among seeds and seedlings, were shown to be important to adult trees as well.
22
Manfredi, Silvana, Juliano Pereira Gomes, Paula Iaschitzki Ferreira, Roseli Lopes da Costa Bortoluzzi, and Adelar Mantovani. "Floristic dissimilarity and indicator species of Araucaria Forest and ecotones." FLORESTA 45, no. 3 (2015): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v45i3.36960.
Full textAbstract:
A busca do conhecimento sobre a expansão das florestas em relação aos ecossistemas associados (campestre e banhado) aborda a presença de fatores ambientais como o fogo e o pastejo, frequentemente descritos como determinantes dos processos ecológicos favoráveis à dinâmica sucessional. Dessa forma, objetivou-se verificar se existem diferenças na composição florística do interior de fragmentos florestais e entre setores de transição floresta-campo e floresta-banhado, bem como identificar espécies indicadoras para cada um desses ambientes. O estudo foi realizado em fragmentos florestais situados nos municípios de Bom Jardim da Serra e Lages (Coxilha Rica), onde foram instaladas duas parcelas permanentes de 50x50 m, subdivididas em setores de 10x10 m, categorizados em três setores: Floresta Ombrófila Mista, transição floresta x campo e transição floresta x banhado. Há dissimilaridade florística entre os fragmentos florestais dos locais e, também, entre os setores de transição (ecótonos). As espécies indicadoras dos ecótonos estão vinculadas ao estágio inicial da sucessão florestal, apresentando potencial para colonização do campo, podendo atuar no início do processo de expansão da fronteira florestal.AbstractFloristic dissimilarity and indicator species of Araucaria Forest and ecotones. The search for knowledge about the expansion of forests in relation to associated ecosystems (native grassland and wetland) addresses the presence of environmental factors such as fire and grazing, often described as determinants of ecological processes in favor of succession dynamics. The objective here was to verify if there are differences among the floristic composition of the interior of forest fragments and transition sectors of forest-native grassland and forest-wetland, as well as to identify indicator species for each of these environments. The research was conducted in forest fragments located in the municipalities of Bom Jardim da Serra and Lages (Coxilha Rica), SC, where we installed two permanent plots of 50x50 m, subdivided into sectors of 10x10 m categorized into three sectors: Araucaria Forest, forest transition x native grassland and forest x wetland transition. There is floristic dissimilarity between the local forest fragments and also between the transition areas (ecotones). The indicator species of ecotones are linked to early stages of forest succession, with potential for colonization of the field, they can operate in the start of the expansion of the forest boundary process.Keywords: Araucaria Forest; native grassland; wetland; succession.
23
Burns, Bruce R. "Fire-Induced Dynamics of Araucaria araucana-Nothofagus antarctica Forest in the Southern Andes." Journal of Biogeography 20, no. 6 (1993): 669. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2845522.
Full text
24
Herrmann, Thora Martina. "Indigenous Knowledge and Management of Araucaria Araucana Forest in the Chilean Andes: Implications for Native Forest Conservation." Biodiversity and Conservation 15, no. 2 (2006): 647–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-005-2092-6.
Full text
25
Moreno-Gonzalez, Ricardo, Thomas Giesecke, and Sonia L. Fontana. "The impact of recent land-use change in the Araucaria araucana forest in northern Patagonia." Holocene 30, no. 8 (2020): 1101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683620913918.
Full textAbstract:
Land-use change in the form of extensive Pinus plantations is currently altering the natural vegetation cover at the forest–steppe ecotone in northern Patagonia. Providing recommendations for conservation efforts, with respect to this recent and earlier land-use changes, requires a longer time perspective. Using pollen analysis, we investigated to what degree the colonization of the area by Euro-American settlers changed the forest composition and the vegetation cover, and to explore the spread of the European weed Rumex acetosella. This study is based on short sediment cores from six lakes in the Araucaria araucana forest region, across the vegetation gradient from the forest to the steppe. Results document that although Araucaria araucana has been extensively logged elsewhere, near the investigated sites, populations were rather stable and other elements of the vegetation changed little with the initiation of Euro-American settlements. A reduction of Nothofagus dombeyi-type pollen occurred at some sites presumably due to logging Nothofagus dombeyi trees, while toward the steppe, Nothofagus antarctica shrubs may have been removed for pasture. The appearance of Rumex acetosella pollen is consistent with the initiation of land use by Euro-American settlers in all cores, probably indicating the onset of animal farming. The rise of the Rumex acetosella pollen curve during the 1950s marks more recent land-use change. These observations indicate that the spread and local expansion of the weed requires disturbance. Overall, the study shows that the initial colonization of the area by Euro-American settlers had little effect on the natural vegetation structure, while developments since the 1950s are strongly altering the natural vegetation cover.
26
Käffer, Márcia I., Marcelo P. Marcelli, and Gislene Ganade. "Distribution and composition of the lichenized mycota in a landscape mosaic of southern Brazil." Acta Botanica Brasilica 24, no. 3 (2010): 790–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-33062010000300022.
Full textAbstract:
Lichenized fungi are epiphytic components of forest areas where anthropogenic activities may cause changes in species composition and spatial distribution. The aim of this work is to evaluate how the lichen community is distributed on native and planted vegetation, and also to investigate possible preferences of the lichen community for specific host trees related to bark pH values. A total of 120 host-trees distributed in 12 remnants of native and planted vegetation were analyzed: native Araucaria forest and Araucaria, pine and eucalyptus plantations. Additional samples of lichenized fungi were collected in all vegetation types and adjacent trails, using a non-systematic sampling protocol. One hundred thirteen taxa of lichenized fungi were recorded, of which 78 species originated from the survey comparing the four habitats and 35 were added by additional collections. The highest species diversity was recorded in the Araucaria plantation while the greatest occurrence of shade tolerant taxa was found in the native Araucaria forest type. The largest number of lichen taxa was recorded on host-trees with basic bark pH. The wide variety of lichen community composition and distribution registered may be related to the host-tree characteristics found in these areas.
27
Oliveira, Laio Zimermann, and Alexander Christian Vibrans. "An approach to illustrate the naturalness of the Brazilian Araucaria forest." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 50, no. 1 (2020): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2019-0239.
Full textAbstract:
The concept of “naturalness” can be associated with conservation status, resilience, and biodiversity. Its most common definition relates to the degree to which a resource is similar to its original state. Hence, we developed a naturalness assessment method for the Brazilian Araucaria forest. We used data collected within 145 systematically distributed plots over an area of ∼56 000 km2. We selected five indicators to compose a unified naturalness index: (i) evidence of human activities inside the forest stand; (ii) abundance of naturalness-indicator species; (iii) standard deviation of diameter at breast height (Sdbh); (iv) species diversity of the understory–natural regeneration layer; and (v) forest stand landscape metrics. We then calculated the Euclidean distance between the vector generated from the indicators of an ordinary forest stand and the vector generated from a theoretical reference forest (TRF) with maximum naturalness. The reduced Sdbh reflected the stands’ diminished structural diversity as result of historical logging and other ongoing human activities. Most stands presented average naturalness compared with the TRF. Besides the lack of data on undisturbed forests to thoroughly evaluate the naturalness index, evidence suggested that it summarized relevant forest attributes to the extent that protected areas presented greater naturalness than nonprotected areas.
28
Scipioni, Marcelo Callegari, Antônio Lunardi Neto, Alexandre Siminski, and Vanderlei Dos Santos. "FOREST EDGE EFFECTS ON THE PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL COMPOSITION OF AN ARAUCARIA FOREST FRAGMENT IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL." FLORESTA 48, no. 4 (2018): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v48i4.51281.
Full textAbstract:
The Araucaria forests of Southern Brazil have been drastically reduced as a result of anthropic intervention and are currently found at different stages of succession. The objective of our study was to understand the influence of forest fragmentation on the phytosociological composition of its tree component. The composition of floristic groups of the tree component and their correlation with the edaphic and environmental variables in a fragment of the Araucaria Forest in the municipality of Curitibanos, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil was analyzed. A hundred and ten permanent continuous plots (10 m²) with forest edges of different origins and formation times were established for sampling. Trees with diameter ≥ 5 cm at breast height (DBH) were measured and identified. Using TWINSPAN, data were analyzed for species importance values (including indicator species) in the formation of floristic groups. Floristic similarities resulted in separating groups conditioned by the forest succession. The presence of the invasive species Pinus taeda L. and pioneer species at the forest expansion border contributed to the formation of a spatially cohesive group. The other areas did not show influence of edge effects, being in an initial secondary succession stage, dominated by Jacaranda puberula Cham. Low edaphic variation among the classes of lithosols in a flat relief had no influence on the formation of floristic groups.
29
Lammel, Daniel Renato, Pedro Henrique Santin Brancalion, Carlos Tadeu Santos Dias, and Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso. "Rhizobia and other legume nodule bacteria richness in brazilian Araucaria angustifolia forest." Scientia Agricola 64, no. 4 (2007): 400–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162007000400011.
Full textAbstract:
The Araucaria Forest is a sub-type of the Atlantic Forest, dominated by Araucaria angustifolia, which is considered an endangered species. The understory has a high diversity of plant species, including several legumes. Many leguminous plants nodulate with rhizobia and fix atmospheric nitrogen, contributing to forest sustainability. This work aimed at bacteria isolation and phenotypic characterization from the root nodules of legumes occurring in Araucaria Forests, at Campos do Jordão State Park, Brazil. Nodule bacteria were isolated in YMA growth media and the obtained colonies were classified according to their growth characteristics (growth rate, color, extra cellular polysaccharide production and pH change of the medium). Data were analyzed by cluster and principal components analysis (PCA). From a total of eleven collected legume species, nine presented nodules, and this is the first report on nodulation of five of these legume species. Two hundred and twelve bacterial strains were isolated from the nodules, whose nodule shapes varied widely and there was a great phenotypic richness among isolates. This richness was found among legume species, individuals of the same species, different nodule shapes and even among isolates of the same nodule. These isolates could be classified into several groups, two up to six according to each legume, most of them different from the used growth standards Rhizobium tropici, Bradyrhizobium elkanii and Burkholderia sp. There is some evidence that these distinct groups may be related to the presence of Burkholderia spp. in the nodules of these legumes.
30
Marques, Ricardo Tayarol, Vanessa Cabral Costa de Barros, Luís Antonio Coimbra Borges, and Ana Carolina Maioli Campos Barbosa. "THE TRADE OF PINHÃO (Araucaria angustifolia SEED) IN MINAS GERAIS: A STIMULUS FOR CONSERVATION?" FLORESTA 51, no. 2 (2021): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v51i2.68781.
Full textAbstract:
The knowledge of the production and marketing chains of pinhão is centered in the Mixed Ombrophilous Forest region, in southern Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the pinhão production and marketing chains in a region of ecological tension (Seasonal Semideciduous Forest) and verify the pinhão trade effectiveness as a tool for araucaria conservation. This research was based on a statistical survey on pinhão extraction and trade, made available by governmental institutions. To identify establishments operating in the trade of pinhão in Minas Gerais (Brazil), structured interviews and a literature review of the legislation associated with the trade of forest products were conducted, establishing the relationship between the trade and conservation of araucaria. The results showed that Minas Gerais is the third-largest national producer of pinhão, accounting for 13.9% of production, and receiving the lowest remuneration for the extracted product. There is a predominance of a short marketing chain, in which producers or retailers negotiate with the consumer, resulting in greater profits for those involved in this process, who benefit from the lack of specific regulations and inspections in the extraction and trade of pinhão, leading to a predatory activity, which does not contribute to the preservation of araucaria. However, the use of appropriate instruments may make feasible the conservation of this species, combining its potential for use in forest restoration projects with the income from the commercialization of its seeds, thus developing an effective tool for the conservation of araucaria in rural properties in Minas Gerais.
31
Montade, Vincent, Marie-Pierre Ledru, Thomas Giesecke, Suzette GA Flantua, Hermann Behling, and Odile Peyron. "A new modern pollen dataset describing the Brazilian Atlantic Forest." Holocene 29, no. 8 (2019): 1253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683619846981.
Full textAbstract:
To improve our understanding of the Atlantic Forest responses to climate changes in space and time, it is essential to explore how the Brazilian Atlantic rain forest is structured as observed in modern pollen assemblages and which climate parameters determine these patterns. In this context, we compiled 196 modern pollen samples including 125 from the Atlantic Forest biome and assigned each sample to one or more eco-physiognomies. We identified seven eco-physiognomies of which four clusters of one or two eco-physiognomies were clearly distinguished, namely (1) Araucaria forest with high elevation grassland, (2) lowland rain forest, (3) semi-deciduous with riverine forests and (4) northeastern Atlantic rain forest. Climatically distinct, these clusters reflect a general temperature increase and precipitation increase from the first to the fourth cluster. Furthermore, comparison of the modern pollen dataset with the Côlonia pollen record from southeastern Brazil revealed that vegetation attributed to Araucaria forest with high elevation grassland showed an important variability with several shifts towards the lowland rain forest. As illustrated by comparison with the long fossil pollen record of Côlonia, developing such a modern training set is crucial for the understanding of responses of Atlantic Forest to environmental changes. However, additional samples are still necessary to improve characterization of different eco-physiognomies at a local scale following a defined floristic and climatic gradient. This sampling effort is becoming increasing urgent as a result of strong biodiversity loss and habitat destruction in this region.
32
Cabanne, Gustavo Sebastián, Gustavo Andrés Zurita, Sergio Hugo Seipke, and María Isabel Bellocq. "Range expansion, density and conservation of the Araucaria Tit-spinetail Leptasthenura setaria (Furnariidae) in Argentina: the role of araucaria Araucaria angustifolia (Araucariaceae) plantations." Bird Conservation International 17, no. 4 (2007): 341–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270907000871.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe Araucaria Tit-spinetail Leptasthenura setaria (Furnariidae) is a globally Near Threatened species. Its habitat, the araucaria (Araucaria angustifolia) rainforest of south-east Brazil and north-east Argentina, is highly fragmented and reduced to nearly 10% of its original range. The species has also been recorded in commercial araucaria plantations that comprise about 80% of its suitable habitat in Argentina. This situation provides an opportunity for the conservation of the Araucaria Tit-spinetail in a human-modified landscape. We assessed the occurrence of the species in the region and estimated its density and total population size in araucaria plantations in Argentina. We discuss the value of plantations in the conservation of the bird, and evaluate its conservation status in Argentina using IUCN criteria. The density of the tit-spinetail in araucaria plantations, estimated by a distance sampling method, was 9 birds ha−1. The overall population size in commercial plantations appears to be large (>7,000 birds), showing that araucaria plantations play an important role in the conservation of the bird. However, plantations must not replace the native araucaria forest because the former are an intrinsically fragmented habitat influenced primarily by economic factors and forestry practices. The long-term conservation and restoration of araucaria rainforest in Argentina and Brazil must be guaranteed to conserve the Araucaria Tit-spinetail and other species associated with this rainforest. Based on the restricted and very fragmented habitat, the Araucaria Tit-spinetail should be regarded as Vulnerable in Argentina.
33
Polotow, Daniele, Antonio D. Brescovit, and Ricardo Ott. "Description and ecological notes on Isoctenus malabaris sp. nov. (Araneae, Ctenidae) from southern Brazil." Iheringia. Série Zoologia 97, no. 2 (2007): 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0073-47212007000200011.
Full textAbstract:
A new species, Isoctenus malabaris, is described from southern Brazil. This spider was abundantly collected with pitfall traps at Araucaria Forests (Mixed Ombrophilous Forest) domain. The activity of this species was studied in three distinct habitats (primary and secondary forests and silvicultures) during 20 months. A bimodal seasonal activity pattern, of males, was observed. Abundance differences of this species between habitats were not significant.
34
Becker, Diego Fedrizzi Petry, Andressa Müller, and Jairo Lizandro Schmitt. "INFLUÊNCIA DOS FORÓFITOS Dicksonia sellowiana e Araucaria angustifolia SOBRE A COMUNIDADE DE EPÍFITOS VASCULARES EM FLORESTA COM ARAUCÁRIA." FLORESTA 45, no. 4 (2015): 781. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v45i4.37082.
Full textAbstract:
Foi verificada a influência da umidade e do pH do substrato de Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze e de Dicksonia sellowiana Hook. sobre a riqueza, composição e estrutura comunitária dos epífitos vasculares no interior da Floresta Ombrófila Mista. Para o estudo da comunidade epifítica foram selecionados 20 forófitos de A. angustifolia e de D. sellowiana, inseridos em um hectare de Floresta Ombrófila Mista. Os forófitos foram divididos igualmente em quatro intervalos de um metro de altura cada. A. angustifolia apresentou 20 espécies, enquanto que D. sellowiana 11. A média de espécies por forófito foi significativamente maior em D. sellowiana que em A. angustifolia. Os valores de umidade e pH diferiram estatisticamente entre os tipos forofíticos e a maior relação foi observada entre umidade e riqueza de samambaias epifíticas. A análise de coordenadas principais evidenciou agrupamentos bem definidos para os tipos forofíticos e heterogeneidade florística entre os intervalos de altura. Blechnum acutum (Desv.) Mett. ocupou ambos os forófitos e apresentou os maiores valores de importância, demonstrando alta tolerância ecológica. Os resultados indicam que a umidade foi o fator que apresentou maior influência na estrutura da comunidade epifítica, especialmente para as samambaias.AbstractDicksonia sellowiana and Araucaria angustifolia phorophyte influence on the vascular epiphyte community in Araucaria Forest. We analyzed the influence of moisture and pH substrate of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze e Dicksonia sellowiana Hook. on the richness, composition and community structure of vascular epiphytes within the Araucaria Forest. In order to study the epiphytic community, 20 phorophytes of A. angustifolia and D. sellowiana were selected in one hectare of Araucaria Forest. The phorophytes were divided equally into four intervals of one meter each. Araucaria angustifolia showed 20 species, while D. sellowiana 11. Means of species per host tree were significantly higher in D. sellowiana than for A. angustifolia. The moisture and pH of phorophyte types differ statistically and the most relation was observed between moisture and epiphytic ferns richness. Principal coordinates analysis showed well-defined groupings for phorophyte types and floristic heterogeneity among height intervals. Blechnum acutum (Desv.) Mett. occupied both phorophytes and had the highest importance values, demonstrating high ecological tolerance. The results show that moisture was the factor with the highest influence in the epiphytic community structure, especially for the ferns.Keywords: Epiphytism; Mixed Ombrophilous Forest; conifer; tree ferns.
35
Grazzini, Guilherme, Josias Alan Rezini, Beatrice Stein Boraschi dos Santos, et al. "Bibimys labiosus Winge, 1887 (Mammalia: Rodentia: Sigmodontinae): new records in Paraná state, southern Brazil, and update of the known geographic distribution." Check List 11, no. 3 (2015): 1632. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/11.3.1632.
Full textAbstract:
Bibimys is a genus still poorly known in its basic aspects, such as systematics, natural history and geographic distribution. In Brazil, only Bibimys labiosus is recorded, with occasional records spread in time and space. This paper presents four new localities of the species in Araucaria Forest, Paraná state, extending its distribution 150 km southwards. Additionally, a map of the known distribution of the species in Brazil and in Araucaria Forest is provided. The records point toward the lack of knowledge about basic aspects of the small non-flying mammal fauna in the plateau regions of Brazil.
36
Vilcatoma-Medina, Carlos, Glaciela Kaschuk, and Flávio Zanette. "Colonization and Spore Richness of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Araucaria Nursery Seedlings in Curitiba, Brazil." International Journal of Agronomy 2018 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5294295.
Full textAbstract:
Araucaria or Paraná pine [Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze, 1898] is an endangered timber tree species of Atlantic Forest that naturally forms symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The objective of this experiment was to evaluate AMF colonization and spore AMF richness in araucaria seedlings produced in nursery at the metropolitan region of Curitiba, Brazil, with the interest of identifying a taxonomical AMF group. For that, soil and fine roots of 6-month-, 1-year-, 2-year-, 3-year-, and 5-year-old araucaria seedlings were sampled and evaluated. Evaluations indicated that araucaria seedlings were well colonized by AMF (with rates varying from almost 50 to over 85%) and produced an abundant number of mycorrhizal spores (from 344 to 676 spores per seedling). Samples contained spores of the species Acaulospora scrobiculata, Dentiscutata heterogama, and Glomus spinuliferum and unidentified species of genera Gigaspora and Glomus. The Glomus genus was the most abundant kind of AMF spores found under nursery conditions. Therefore, the experiment evidenced that Glomus is a promising genus candidate for being used as AMF inoculant in production of araucaria seedlings.
37
Paludo, Giovani Festa, Roberta Inácia Duarte, Alison Paulo Bernardi, Adelar Mantovani, and Maurício Sedrez dos Reis. "THE SIZE OF Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze ENTERING INTO REPRODUCTIVE STAGES AS A BASIS FOR SEED MANAGEMENT PROJECTS." Revista Árvore 40, no. 4 (2016): 695–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-67622016000400013.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT In order to plant parana-pines (Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze) for seed production, as for any other forest management activity, planning is needed, especially because of the significant amount of waiting time between planting and seed collection. Consequently, there is a lack of basic ecological information. Several studies based on the demography of the A. angustifolia fail to divulge which sized individuals are reproductive. This paper investigated the relationship between the reproductive stage and the diameter at breast height (d.b.h.), and attempted to establish a size where a great portion of the individuals had already begun their reproductive process, a considerable step for subsidizing technical projects for seed production. Five study sites located in four municipalities in the state of Santa Catarina composed a total sample area of 31.6 ha. All A. angustifolia individuals with a height greater than 1.5 m within the sampled area were measured and classified according to their reproductive phase. A total of 1,843 individuals were obtained: 383 were male, and 299 were female. There was a significant relationship between the d.b.h. and the sexual maturity of the individuals. The reproductive process begins inside the DAP class of 15-20 cm, but only 8% of the individuals reproducing. In order to find a greater number of individuals in reproduction, a minimum d.b.h. of 35.2 cm is required. In conclusion, projects that produce araucaria nuts should consider this d.b.h. size to commence production. This species has great potential for agroforestry systems within the Araucaria Forests. This basic ecological information is also important for the construction of projects that use this species, and consequently may contribute to the conservation of this forest. This can be used as a study case for other forest species and ecosystems to explore the potential production of non-timber forest products of native resources.
38
Vieira, Helena Cristina, Joielan Xipaia dos Santos, Deivison Venicio Souza, et al. "Near-infrared spectroscopy for the distinction of wood and charcoal from Fabaceae species: comparison of ANN, KNN AND SVM models." Forest Systems 29, no. 3 (2020): e020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/fs/2020293-16965.
Full textAbstract:
Aim of study: The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of NIR spectroscopy to differentiate Fabaceae species native to Araucaria forest fragments.Area of study; Trees of the evaluated species were collected from an Araucaria forest stand in the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil, in the region to be flooded by the São Roque hydroelectric project.Material and methods: Discs of three species (Inga vera, Machaerium paraguariense and Muellera campestris) were collected at 1.30 meters from the ground. They were sectioned to cover radial variation of the wood (regions near bark, intermediate and near pith). After wood analysis, the same samples were carbonized. Six spectra were obtained from each specimen of wood and charcoal. The original and second derivative spectra, principal component statistics and classification models (Artificial Neural Network: ANN, Support Vector Machines with kernel radial basis function: SVM and k-Nearest Neighbors: k-NN) were investigated.Main results: Visual analysis of spectra was not efficient for species differentiation, so three NIR classification models for species discrimination were tested. The best results were obtained with the use of k-NN for both wood and charcoal and ANN for wood analysis. In all situations, second derivative NIR spectra produced better results.Research highlights: Correct discrimination of wood and charcoal species for control of illegal logging was achieved. Fabaceae species in an Araucaria forest stand were correctly identified.Keywords: Araucaria forest; identification of species; classification models.Abbreviations used: Near infrared: NIR, Lages Herbarium of Santa Catarina State University: LUSC, Principal component analysis: PCA, artificial neural network: ANN, support vector machines with kernel radial basis function: SVM, k-nearest neighbors: k-NN.
39
Costa, Emanuel Arnoni, César Augusto Guimarães Finger, and André Felipe Hess. "Competition Indices and Their Relationship With Basal Area Increment of Araucaria." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 5 (2018): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n5p198.
Full textAbstract:
Models that report the effect of competition are important for forest management since forests with higher levels of competition have lower increment rates, and their use is necessary to plan forest interventions. Thus, this study aimed to assess the effect of competition in the basal area increment of individual trees of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze in a natural forest. A total of 397 subject trees were measured, covering the diametric range. The dendrometric and morphometric characteristics of subject trees and their competitors were obtained, and 22 distance-dependent and distance-independent competition indices were calculated, in addition to increment cores extracted radially from the trunk at diameter at breast height. The relationship between models of periodic annual increment in basal area based on competition indices has allowed to obtain R2 values of 0.425 and Syx% ≥ 50.2. The multivariate technique of principal component analysis has shown that three principal components explain 78.43% of total variation. The first component was responsible for explaining 52.95%, with similar eigenvector for 11 competition indices, evidencing that these models can be used to describe especies competition, although they show different variables and mathematical equations in calculations. Results show the importance of competition to predict increment of Araucaria in individual trees.
40
Santos, Jessie Pereira dos, Cristiano Agra Iserhard, Melissa Oliveira Teixeira, and Helena Piccoli Romanowski. "Fruit-feeding butterflies guide of subtropical Atlantic Forest and Araucaria Moist Forest in State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil." Biota Neotropica 11, no. 3 (2011): 253–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1676-06032011000300022.
Full textAbstract:
This study presents a compilation of fruit-feeding butterflies species for Rio Grande do Sul Atlantic Forest aiming to be a tool for identification of these lepidopterans from two phytophysiognomies of this biome. Samples were carried out for more than four years with entomological nets and bait traps techniques in areas of Subtropical Atlantic Forest (SAF) and Araucaria Moist Forest (AMF). Seventy-six butterfly species were recorded in this region of Atlantic Forest, 60 species for SAF and 53 for AMF. Fruit-feeding butterflies represent about 50% of the total species richness of the Nymphalidae recorded for the region, a value of the same order of those found for similar studies in tropical forests regions. Dasyophthalma rusina is a new record for Rio Grande do Sul.
41
Soffiatti, Patricia, Maria Regina Torres Boeger, Silvana Nisgoski, and Felipe Kauai. "Wood anatomical traits of the Araucaria Forest, Southern Brazil." Bosque (Valdivia) 37, no. 1 (2016): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-92002016000100003.
Full text
42
Costa, Emanuel Arnoni, Thomas Schroder, and César Augusto Guimarães Finger. "HEIGHT-DIAMETER RELATIONSHIPS FOR Araucaria angustifolia (BERTOL.) KUNTZE IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL." CERNE 22, no. 4 (2016): 493–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/01047760201622042182.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Height-diameter relationships are used in order to make forest inventories less expensive and to assess growth and yield. This study aimed to develop height-diameter models for individual trees of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze for different locations and growth conditions in Southern Brazil. Our data include locations of at least one third of this species natural geographical distribution. We used Michailoff’s model, and compared height-diameter tendency through analytical methods. The model showed good overall precision and accuracy. Trees growing in forest conditions had a higher asymptotic height, and reached it at smaller diameters than open-grown trees. Different regions had contrasting height-diameter tendency indicating site potential, especially for natural forests. Individual tree asymptotic height was correlated with site altitude and mean annual precipitation. This study represents a source of parameters for height-diameter relationships in a large geographical span, for a species with high cultural and timber value in Southern Brazil.
43
Possete, Rafael Fernando da Silva, Sandra Bos Mikich, Gerdt Guenther Hatschbach, Osmar Dos Santos Ribas, and Dieter Liebsch. "Floristic composition and dispersal syndromes in Araucaria Forest remnants in the municipality of Colombo, Paraná state, Brazil." Check List 11, no. 5 (2015): 1771. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/11.5.1771.
Full textAbstract:
This study was conducted in Araucaria Forest remnants in the municipality of Colombo, eastern Paraná state, Brazil. Data on species occurrence, life forms and dispersal syndromes were collected once a week along a 9 km transect, revealing the presence of 512 species among trees (n = 135), shrubs (n = 121), herbs (n = 157), climbers (n = 70), epiphytes (n = 24) and hemiparasites (n = 5). Of 469 species classified according to dispersal syndromes, 42.4% were zoochoric, 33.6% autochoric and 23.8% anemochoric. The high richness observed, the highest among similar studies previously conducted in the Araucaria Forest, along with the occurrence of endangered species of trees (and mammals), indicates that the study area is an important remnant for biodiversity conservation.
44
MARQUES, ALESSANDRO, ILANA ROSSI, VICTOR HUGO VALIATI, and ANA MARIA LEAL-ZANCHET. "Integrative approach reveals two new species of Obama (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida) from the South-Brazilian Atlantic Forest." Zootaxa 4455, no. 1 (2018): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4455.1.4.
Full textAbstract:
The genus Obama Carbayo et al., 2013 includes 38 species, being the most species-rich within Geoplaninae. Species of this genus show a similar anatomy regarding their copulatory apparatus, which may hinder species differentiation. In this study, we describe two new species, presenting a marbled colour pattern, found in two different phytophysionomies of the Atlantic Forest, namely Semi-deciduous Forest and Araucaria Forest. Both species can be distinguished from their congeners, as well from each other, by colour pattern and eye arrangement combined with characteristics of the pharynx, penis papilla and prostatic vesicle, confirmed by molecular analyses from cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI). Phylogenetic analyses suggest that both species herein studied are closely related to another species that occurs in areas of Araucaria Forest (O. maculipunctata). Results also indicate the need to use at least 600 bp of the gene COI in the definitions of interspecific divergences and for species delineation, at least for the genus Obama.
45
Longmore, Maureen E. "Quaternary Palynological Records from Perched Lake Sediments, Fraser Island, Queensland, Australia: Rainforest, Forest History and Climatic Control." Australian Journal of Botany 45, no. 3 (1997): 507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt96109.
Full textAbstract:
Pollen, carbonised particle and chemical analysis of a 6 m core from the Old Lake Coomboo Depression, a perched lake basin situated in one of the oldest dune systems on Fraser Island, demonstrates vegetation and hydrological change through a series of glacial cycles. The pollen assemblage shifts from predominantly rainforest with Araucaria sp. (Juss.) surrounding a deep water lake at c. 600 ka, to a dryer rainforest with Podocarpus sp. (L’Herit) and an intermediate lake after c. 350 ka, to a more sclerophyllous forest until before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). During the Last Interglacial (c. 120 ka) and before (c. 22 ka) the LGM, Araucaria sp. pollen frequencies increase before falling dramatically, open forest appears to shift to the robust association of myrtaceous shrubs characteristic of the older dune systems to the west of the island, and lake levels fall probably below the lake floor. After the LGM, open forest returns, but Araucaria sp. pollen frequencies never recover and the lake becomes an ephemeral system with a fluctuating water-table in the Holocene. The record is interpreted as reflecting retrogressive vegetation succession driven primarily by an overall decrease in effective precipitation over, at least, the last 350 ka. The inferred long-term changes in climate have major implications for the survival of relict rainforest.
46
Eisfeld, Rozane De Loyola, Julio Eduardo Arce, Carlos Roberto Sanquetta, and Evaldo Muñoz Braz. "IS IT FORBIDDEN THE WOOD USE OF Araucaria angustifolia? AN ANALYSIS ON THE CURRENT LEGAL BUDGET." FLORESTA 50, no. 1 (2019): 971. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v50i1.60023.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this work was to analyze the legal arrangements on a very complex theme in the forest sector: the use of a species threatened with extinction, araucaria. After years of intense deforestation, linked to the country's economic growth, after 1960 decade, it was edited an array of regulations aimed to control the forest use through strict laws and expansion of the environmental bureaucracy. In 2014, MMA Decree 443, araucaria was included in the danger category, restricting any timber use, including the ones gathered under forest management. The justification for this inclusion comes from the population reduction, deforestation and logging. Regarding the justification of its inclusion, it is important to note the non-disclosure of official data, an obligation of the State, on the remaining area and number of individuals. Decree 443 collides with the Brazilian forest low removing rights, as forest management, not established by Law number 12.651 of 2012. It also defies the Complementary Law 140 which establishes reports and technical-scientific studies for framing the listed species. Nor does it comply with the steps required in article 5º MMA Decree 43, which precedes Decree 443. By analyzing the regulations regarding the araucaria and its commercial use: there is no law prohibiting the use, through management and planting; what exists are Decrees and resolutions. Whoever is in the messianic right to forbid the cutting of the species, subsidizes itself in Decrees and resolutions. Moreover, who believes they have the right to cut it, is not aware of the legislation.
47
Soares, J. J., D. W. da Silva, and M. I. S. Lima. "Current State and projection of the probable original vegetation of the São Carlos region of São Paulo State, Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Biology 63, no. 3 (2003): 527–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842003000300019.
Full textAbstract:
A map of the native vegetation remaining in São Carlos County was built based on aerial images, satellite images, and field observations, and a projection of the probable original vegetation was made by checking it against soil and relief surveys. The existing vegetation is very fragmented and impoverished, consisting predominantly of cerrados (savanna vegetation of various physiognomies), semideciduous and riparian forest, and regeneration areas. Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze, found in patches inside the semideciduous forest beginning at a minimum altitude of 850 m, has practically disappeared. By evaluating areas on the map for different forms of vegetation, we obtained the following results for original coverage: 27% cerrado (sparsely arboreal and short-shrub savanna, and wet meadows); 16% cerradão (arboreal savanna); 55% semideciduous and riparian forests; and 2% forest with A. angustifolia. There are now 2% cerrados; 2.5% cerradão; 1% semideciduous forest and riparian forests; 1.5% regeneration areas; and 0% forest with A. angustifolia.
48
Grazzini, Guilherme, Cássio Marcelo Mochi-Junior, Heloisa De Oliveira, et al. "First record of Juliomys ossitenuis Costa, Pavan, Leite & Fagundes, 2007 (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae) in Paraná state, southern Brazil." Check List 11, no. 2 (2014): 1561. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/11.2.1561.
Full textAbstract:
Juliomys ossitenuis was previously known from the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil, where it occurs in Dense Ombrophilous Forest. The record of the species in Floresta Nacional de Piraí do Sul, in Paraná state, confirmed by morphological and cytogenetic analyses, extends its distribution about 200 km southwards. This is the first record of the species in the state and in an area of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest (Araucaria Forest).
49
Zapata, Mario, María Antonieta Palma, María José Aninat, and Eduardo Piontelli. "Polyphasic studies of new species of Diaporthe from native forest in Chile, with descriptions of Diaporthe araucanorum sp. nov., Diaporthe foikelawen sp. nov. and Diaporthe patagonica sp. nov." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70, no. 5 (2020): 3379–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.004183.
Full textAbstract:
During a survey of fungi in native forests in Chile, several unidentified isolates of Diaporthe were collected from different hosts. The isolates were characterized based on DNA comparisons, morphology, culture characteristics and host affiliation, in accordance with previous descriptions. Phylogenetic analysis of the ITS region, combined with partial tub2 and tef1 genes, showed that the isolates formed three distinct groups representing three new taxa. The three new species of Diaporthe, Diaporthe araucanorum on Araucaria araucana, Diaporthe foikelawen on Drimys winteri and Diaporthe patagonica on Aristotelia chilensis are described and illustrated in the present study.
50
Menegatti, Renata Diane, Pedro Higuchi, Ana Carolina Da Silva, et al. "RELAÇÃO ETNOBOTÂNICA DOS PROPRIETÁRIOS RURAIS DO MUNICÍPIO DE URUPEMA, SC, COM RECURSOS FLORESTAIS." FLORESTA 44, no. 4 (2014): 725. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v44i4.29846.
Full textAbstract:
O presente estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar a relação etnobotânica de proprietários rurais do município de Urupema, SC, com recursos florestais. Para isso, foram realizadas entrevistas, em cada uma das 35 propriedades amostradas, sobre as principais fontes de renda e sobre as principais espécies florestais utilizadas. O uso das espécies foi analisado por meio do Nível de Fidelidade (NF) e da Porcentagem de Concordância quanto aos Usos Principais (CUP). As fontes de renda relatadas com maior frequência foram a pecuária, a fruticultura e a aposentadoria. Os recursos florestais são utilizados, principalmente, para fins de alimentação e energético. Todas as espécies citadas apresentaram elevado NF (≥ 97%) e a Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze é a espécie de maior valor de CUP (97,06%), por ser utilizada por quase a totalidade dos entrevistados (34), sempre para os mesmos fins. Os resultados demonstraram que a maioria dos entrevistados (83%) não obtém renda das florestas naturais, mesmo com quase metade (47%) tendo citado que seria possível sustentar a família por meio da exploração dos recursos florestais nativos. Dentre os recursos florestais explorados, destacou-se a extração de pinhão como fonte de renda.Palavras-chave: Floresta com Araucária; Planalto Catarinense; etnobotânica; produtores rurais. AbstractEthnobotanical connections of rural landowners in the municipality of Urupema, SC, with forest resources. The present research aimed to characterize the ethnobotanical connections of rural landowners in the municipality of Urupema, SC, with their use of forest resource. In order to do that, we conducted interviews, in each of the 35 surveyed properties, focusing the main source of income as well as the main used tree species. The species usages were analyzed by the Fidelity Level (NF) and Percentage of Main Use Concordance (CUP). The most frequent sources of income were livestock, fruit culture and retirement. The forest resources are mainly used as food and energy. All cited species revealed elevated values of NF (≥97%), and the more elevated value of CUP was observed for Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze (97,06%), as such species had been reported by almost the totality of farmers, always for the same purpose. The results revealed that most of the interviewees (83%) do not get income from natural forests, even with almost half (47%) of them considering that it would be possible to sustain their family by native forest resources exploitation. Among the exploited forest resources, the extraction of pine nuts stood out as income source.Keywords: Araucaria Forest; Planalto Catarinense; forest resource usages; ethnobotany, farmers.