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1
Parajuli, Rajan, Stephanie Chizmar, Mark Megalos, and Robert Bardon. "Educating Landowners on Forest-Based Alternative Income Streams in North Carolina: Program Evaluation and Lessons Learned." Journal of Forestry 118, no. 6 (September 24, 2020): 551–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jofore/fvaa037.
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Abstract Forest-based payments for ecosystem services markets have grown considerably in recent years. Besides timber products from harvests, forests offer multiple nontimber and intrinsic benefits, which could be important sources of income for landowners. In summer 2019, we organized four region-specific educational workshops all across North Carolina to educate landowners, Extension agents, and natural resource professionals about these alternative forest-based income streams. In this article, we cover the topics included in those workshops, postworkshop evaluation, and lessons learned from those events, which provide useful insights for Extension and outreach professionals in program design and delivery in forest-based payments for ecosystem service markets. Study Implications This article presents the details of a program, postworkshop evaluation, and lessons learned, which serve as useful guidelines for Extension and outreach educators in designing and delivering similar programs in forest-based alternative income streams. Although markets for ecosystem services are improving worldwide along with increasing research and outreach efforts in forest-based intrinsic benefits, results from evaluation surveys suggest that attendees had limited knowledge in forest carbon markets, wetland mitigation banking, and conservation easements in North Carolina. More region-specific Extension and outreach programs highlighting the locally available nontimber market options are recommended all across the country. Similarly, partnerships with other state agencies and institutions in program planning, advertisement, and delivery would improve effectiveness of similar Extension and outreach programs.
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Day, Susan D., Sheri T. Dorn, Diane Relf, and J. Roger Harris. "Advanced Master Gardener-Tree Steward: Training to Enhance Community Volunteerism." HortTechnology 7, no. 4 (October 1997): 363–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.7.4.363.
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The Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE) Advanced Master Gardener-Tree Steward (AMGTS) program provides advanced training in leadership development and arboriculture to MG volunteer educators so they may expand the influence of extension through leadership in community forestry. A statewide survey of agents, MGs, and foresters served as the basis for developing the training package, which was funded in part by the Virginia Department of Forestry. According to a statewide survey, 70% of VCE MGs and extension agents with MG programs would like to be involved in community tree programming, while only 26% was currently involved. Typically, agents cited limited staff and volunteer resources as the primary factors in restricting program expansion. Furthermore, 90% of municipal foresters indicated they would like to work with trained volunteers. The AMGTS program simultaneously answers the desire of MGs to expand their role in the community landscape and the need of VCE to expand its outreach with increasingly limited resources. AMGTS training, guided by a 10-unit resource book, integrates technical and program management expertise to foster volunteer pride and self-sufficiency. This allows MG tree stewards to coordinate much of their own training and recruit and manage non-MG volunteers to whom they can provide limited training for specific projects, thus allowing program expansion without additional staff. The training is designed for delivery by knowledgeable professionals in the local community, such as arborists, horticulturists, college professors, extension specialists, MGs, and others who can provide quality training following the program guidelines.
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Yulita, Ita, Masyhudzulhak Djamil, and Indupurnahayu MM, Ak. "The Performance of Forestry Extension Functional Officials in the Ministry of Environment and Forestry." Jurnal Manajemen 7, no. 2 (December 30, 2016): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.32832/jm-uika.v7i2.1108.
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<p align="center"> </p><p>Workload, problem management and task completion in forestry are the work entrusted to the Forestry Extension Workers. In the highly complex condition of forestry problems, Forestry Extension Workers are needed to bridge and outline the problems and to prevent the emergence of deeper, more widespread and prolonged problems. The problems served as the background for the writer to conduct the study in the thesis completion in the Master of Management Program. The problems are related to the effects of competence, compensation and career development factors of the Forestry Extension Workers working in the Ministry of Environment and Forestry and the performance expected to achieve the completion of forestry extension works. The data analysis used to explain the effects of competence, compensation and career development and the performance of Forestry Extension Workers was the Structural Equation Model (SEM) with Smart PLS. Based on the estimations and t-values, it can be concluded that the exogenous variables of compensation and career development affect the endogenous latent factor of the performance of Forestry Extension workers (?), whereas competence has no effect on the performance of Forestry Extension Workers.</p><p> </p>
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Reid, Rowen. "The Australian Master Tree Grower Program." Australian Journal of Environmental Education 17 (2001): 137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s081406260000361x.
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The Department of Forestry at The University of Melbourne with the financial support of the Myer Foundation, the RIRDC/LWRRDC/FWPRDC Joint Venture Agroforestry Program (JVAP) and the National Farm Forestry Program (AFFA) have developed and are delivering a unique and innovative participatory outreach and extension program for farmers active in revegetation, farm forestry and remnant forest management. Since the first program in 1996, 25 regional Australian Master Tree Grower (MTG) programs have been conducted involving more than 500 landholders across Australia.By acknowledging and drawing on the commitment and experience of locally selected tree growers, the MTG program aims to instil confidence through knowledge, provide farmers with a support network and encourage them to truly aspire to be ‘master tree growers’ in their own right. By starting with the landholders' motivations, rather than ending with them, the program allows participants to investigate and farm forestry projects. This is leading to the full potential of multipurpose tree growing to be realised for economic, social and environmental outcomes for farmers and their rural communities.
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Gordon, Jason S., Scott Cagle, John D. Kushla, and Brand Huffman. "Into the woods: Partnering with the Department of Corrections to deliver forestry extension programming." Forestry Chronicle 92, no. 04 (December 2016): 465–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2016-082.
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This paper describes a pilot series of extension programs delivered to inmates within the Mississippi Department of Corrections system. The project was a collaboration between the Chickasaw County Regional Correctional Facility, state Extension forestry specialists, and county Extension staff. A large body of research describes benefits of inmate education, including lower recidivism and reducing tension that could otherwise lead to behavioral problems. Over four months, Mississippi State University Extension personnel worked with prison officials to educate inmates about forestry, logging, and arboriculture. This paper describes the collaborative process driving the project as well as program design, curriculum, materials, and delivery. Besides technical information, instructors discussed opportunities and challenges inmates may encounter if they were to pursue employment in forestry or tree care following their sentences. Instructors worked closely with prison staff to appropriately address teaching in a unique environment and the educational needs of the students. We present the student evaluation process, which was limited by prison rules. Finally, we present results from an evaluation of partners and instructors that elaborate on pitfalls, challenges, and opportunities. The Department of Corrections was highly satisfied with the program and has requested expansion to facilities across the state.
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Prescott, Cindy E., and Leandra L. Blevins. "The Salal Cedar Hemlock Integrated Research Program (SCHIRP): Management through understanding." Forestry Chronicle 75, no. 3 (June 1, 1999): 447–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc75447-3.
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The problem being addressed is the poor growth of regenerating western redcedar, western hemlock, amabilis fir and Sitka spruce on cutovers of coastal old-growth cedar-hemlock (CH) forests invaded by salal. The approach has been dual; a series of field trials was established to determine the best practices for improving the productivity of CH sites, and ecological studies have investigated the underlying causes of the poor regeneration. SCHIRP is based on partnerships among individuals from forest industry, government, and universities. There have been multiple funding sources during the 15-year history of the project, most notably NSERC and Forest Renewal BC. The involvement of forest industry in the research program has helped to ensure funding for research, completion of projects during ebbs of funding, and the extension of findings to forestry practices. The project has a coordinator who is responsible for communicating with funding agencies, synthesising information, producing proposals and reports, carrying out extension activities, and facilitating communication among researchers. Decisions concerning the administration and future directions of SCHIRP are made by a consensus among researchers through e-mail or at annual meetings. The SCHIRP database contains data from the silvicultural trials and consists of plain text data files and programs which perform various functions. SCHIRP results are summarised in two synthesis reports and a field guide, and are available on the SCHIRP web-site. SCHIRP results have been presented in scientific journals, in pamphlets distributed to the public, at meetings, and through field tours. Key words: silvicultural trials, cedar, hemlock, salal, fertilization, vegetation control, organic fertilizers, data management, regeneration, extension, project management
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Nash, L., W. Fountain, and M. Witt. "URBAN FORESTRY AND EXTENSION: A WORKING PARTNERSHIP." HortScience 28, no. 4 (April 1993): 272D—272. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.4.272d.
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In a unique partnership. the University of Kentucky Dept. of Horticulture, the Cooperative Extension Service, and the Kentucky State Division of Forestry are teaming up to produce two training packages for “train-the-trainer” workshops throughout the state. The workshops will be open to people interested in urban/community trees and arboriculture. The first training session will be held in 1993 and will cover five modules: 1) Designing the planting site to compensate for a disturbed environment; 2) Species selection for the existing site; 3) Scientific planting techniques; 4) Post-planting care: and 5) Integrated pest management. The second training session will be held in 1994 and will cover the following topics: 1) Establishing a scientific management program for the urban forest; 2) Preparation and administration of grants: 3) Fund-raising and efficient use of volunteers; 4) Developing an urban tree inventory; 5) Recognition of hazard trees; and 6) Selecting quality nursery stock. The training packages will consist of a written manual, videos, and slide sets. Training sessions are open to foresters, county agents, city planners, developers, and others in Kentucky who are interested in returning to their communities and training others on the topics covered.
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Woo, Heesung, Mauricio Acuna, Byoungkoo Choi, and Joonsoon Kim. "Net Revenue of Forest Carbon Offset Projects: Application of the Korean Emission Trading System in the Forestry Sector." Forests 12, no. 6 (June 4, 2021): 742. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12060742.
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Under the Korean Emission Trading System in The Forestry Sector (KETSF) initiative, the Korean government has developed several greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction programs that include forestry activities as cornerstones of the initiative. Forest management is deemed to be a major strategy to implement KETSF; this has been confirmed by most participants in the program, who have shown their preference for forest management projects as the most effective and encouraging strategy to participate in the KETSF program. For a successful implementation of KETSF projects, it is essential to explore methods that optimize the positive impacts of such strategies, thereby maximizing the economic returns and carbon stocks that result from the implementation of forest management activities. Thus, this study investigated the economic returns of several KETSF projects in Korea, which included simulated scenarios under two main forest management strategies, one based on an extension of the rotation age, and a second one based on reforestation with new species. Five forest management scenarios were examined and evaluated in their ability to maximize carbon stocks and economic returns. Based on the results, two scenarios were identified as the best KETSF projects in terms of carbon stock increments. Additionally, the results indicated that projects including reforestation with new species added more economic value than projects that considered an extension of the rotation age. The study also revealed that KETSF projects generated revenue in both scenarios, by either extending the rotation age or by implementing reforestation with new species.
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Rasamoelina, Maminiaina S., James E. Johnson, and R. Bruce Hull. "Relating extension education to the adoption of sustainable forest management practices." Forestry Chronicle 92, no. 04 (December 2016): 412–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2016-075.
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Family forest lands represent a vitally important economic, environmental, and social resource in the U.S. A study of family forest owners was conducted in Virginia in 2007 to determine the relationship between attendance at Extension Service educational programs and the adoption of sustainable forest management practices. A mail survey was conducted to 3435 randomly selected forest owners, with a usable response rate of 32%. Participation in educational programs was shown to be significantly related to higher levels of adoption for all seven categories of sustainable forest management practices studied. For example, in the woodland management category, participants in workshops offered through the Virginia Forest Landowner Education Program (VFLEP) adopted one or more specific practices at a rate of 94%, significantly greater than 83% for forest owners who attended other general educational programs, which in turn was significantly higher than the 75% adoption rate for forest owners who did not attend any educational programs. Two key indicators of sustainable forest management are the preparation and use of a forest management plan, and the use of professional technical assistance providers. For both of these categories participants in the VFLEP adopted at significantly higher rates, 41% and 73%, respectively.
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Garland, John J., and Paul W. Adams. "Coordinated Tactical Program Planning among Specialists and Agents: The Oregon Extension Forestry Experience." Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education 21, no. 1 (March 1992): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jnrlse.1992.0064.
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Rom, Ellen A., James C. Finley, and James R. Grace. "Using Direct Mail in Extension Programming for Nonindustrial Private Forest Landowners." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 7, no. 4 (December 1, 1990): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/7.4.171.
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Abstract Four pilot direct mail programs for nonindustrial private forest (NIPF) landowners were conducted in northwestern Pennsylvania. The programs varied in method of contact (targeting versus self-selection) and in type of information (economic versus multiple-use). The programs established contact with many landowners who had not been reached by past extension efforts. Type of information was not related to audience size, audience makeup, or program impact. Targeting reached more landowners than did the self-selection method, but self-selection maintained a greater percentage of these contacts. More of the landowners who selected themselves into the program than those who did not, and more of those who did not "drop out" of the targeted program than those who did, had past educational opportunities in woodland management. Direct mail was effective in increasing landowner knowledge of woodland management but less effective in developing landowner intent to manage woodland. North. J. Appl. For. 7:171-174, December 1990.
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Ma, Zhao, David B. Kittredge, and Paul Catanzaro. "Challenging the Traditional Forestry Extension Model: Insights from the Woods Forum Program in Massachusetts." Small-scale Forestry 11, no. 1 (May 8, 2011): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11842-011-9170-2.
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Gan, Jianbang, H. Michael Rauscher, C. T. Smith, Sarah Ashton, Larry Biles, Daniel Cassidy, Darwin Foster, et al. "The Southern US Forest Bioenergy Encyclopedia: Making Scientific Knowledge More Accessible." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 32, no. 1 (February 1, 2008): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/32.1.28.
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Abstract Production of forest biomass in sustainably managed forests in the southern United States has great potential to improve forest health, make energy supplies more secure, and increase the social and economic welfare of rural communities. The awareness and access of landowners and forestry and natural resource professionals to new knowledge and market development opportunities must be increased, and new technological advances in knowledge dissemination systems can be very useful in this connection. The Encyclopedia of Southern Bioenergy was developed within The Forest Encyclopedia Network (www.forestencyclopedia.net/) to facilitate the transfer of useable knowledge from scientific experts in bioenergy and bio-based products to natural resource professionals, landowners, and the general public. Using the encyclopedia as a base, a team of bioenergy and extension education experts has developed several new educational products. These materials are designed as components of an overall biomass training program for the South that is being disseminated through the Southern Regional Extension Forest network.
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Nasiru Medugu, Idris, M. Rafee Majid, Foziah Johar, and Ibijoke Sinami Taiwo. "Assessing the impact of Forestry II program on agricultural productivity in the Arid Zone of Nigeria." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 25, no. 6 (September 2, 2014): 783–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-05-2013-0038.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess the sustainability of a forestry management strategy in checkmating desert encroachment and it also examines the impacts of the Forestry II program on agricultural productivity in the rural communities. Design/methodology/approach – The study adopted a quantitative approach in assessing the rural farmers’ level of participation in the Forestry II program in which 201 respondents were interviewed in the study area. Structured questionnaires’ were also administered to afforestation officials/extension workers in the two states regarding the different components of the projects and probable cause(s) of failures/successes as well as the level of involvement of the community in the project. Field observations of the project sites were also carried out with a view to examining the level of achievements on the physical components of the projects. Findings – The findings of this study revealed that, involvement of the stakeholders and participation of the community was lacking at the early stage of the program and the negligence of indigenous knowledge as well as the influence of bottom up approach was not incorporated in the project. The study further revealed that, appreciable positive impacts have been recorded at various levels of its implementation. The improvement of livelihood of the rural people through increased forest products supply was noted, fuel-wood and poles supply were also increased and this had gone a long way in creating employment for the rural dwellers. Research limitations/implications – The study involved the establishment of shelterbelts, windbreaks, woodlots, orchards and nurseries which were complimented by social forestry, and which raised public awareness through campaigns such as school forestry programs, forestry extension services and a fuel-wood conservation program. Originality/value – The study articulated success and failure as well as a detailed assessment of the Forestry II project. The study showed that government could significantly combat desertification in the arid zones through sustainable afforestation if adequate resources were employed.
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Paye, Emily, René H. Germain, and Lianjun Zhang. "The formative evaluation of a forestry Best Management Practices program in a municipal watershed." Forestry Chronicle 96, no. 01 (May 2020): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2020-008.
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Best Management Practices for water quality (BMPs) have been proven effective in reducing sedimentation from timber harvesting operations. Although most states in the country have BMP guidelines, many are non-regulatory, creating challenges for forest managers to ensure implementation. In surface watershed systems, BMP cost-sharing extension programs (BMP programs) are designed to encourage the implementation of BMPs. To assess the efficacy of a BMP program we examined the rates of BMP implementation on 45 properties harvested between 2013 and 2015: 22 harvests enrolled in a BMP program and 23 harvests not enrolled. We also compared our results to two previous studies completed in 2002 and 2011. Our results indicate BMP implementation was significantly better on properties participating in the BMP program. Also, BMP implementation scores improved for almost all categories evaluated when compared to the two previous studies. One BMP category with low implementation scores (even in 2018), was water diversion devices such as water bars. We suspect the BMP program is not sufficient to incentivize implementation given the time commitment for BMP implementation. Another factor at play here is that implementation may have been perceived as adequate to manage surface flow, but not optimal according to specifications dictated by the BMP field guide.
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Tirmidi, Tirmidi. "Dictions Used by Religious Leaders in The Diffusion of Extension Forestry Program in Probolinggo Municipal." International Journal of English Education and Linguistics (IJoEEL) 1, no. 1 (June 21, 2019): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.33650/ijoeel.v1i1.530.
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An element identified as one of key points in the success of diffusion of extension forestry program, namely greening up to 6.000 hectares, was the involvement of religious leaders, especially on communicating the program to the villagers. This paper aims to describe, analyze, and interpret the dictions used by religious leaders in the program. Through a qualitative research designed in phenomenological approach, especially at naturalistic paradigm, the research found that instead of using that of semantically classified as environmental and social terms, the religous leaders preferred using that of economical terms, namely financial benefits of planting trees for the local farmers. A proposition filed from this research is: communication of innovation in the field of extention forestry program will be accepted widely and quickly by villagers when the dictions used are words that emphasize on financial benefits which might be obtained from the program.
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Day, Susan D., Sheri T. Dorn, Diane Relf, and J. Roger Harris. "Master Gardener—Tree Stewards: Advanced Training to Enhance Community Volunteerism." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 595b—595. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.595b.
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Virginia Cooperative Extension's (VCE) Master Gardener!Tree Steward program (MGTS) provides advanced training in leadership development and arboriculture to Master Gardener (MG) volunteer educators so that they may expand the influence of extension through leadership in community forestry. According to a statewide survey, 70% of VCE MGs and agents with MG programs would like to be involved in community tree programming. Only 26% were currently involved. Typically, agents cite limited staff and volunteer resources as the primary factors in restricting program expansion. Furthermore, 90% of municipal foresters indicated they would like to work with trained volunteers. The MGTS program simultaneously answers the desire of MGs to expand their role in the community landscape and the need of VCE to expand its outreach with increasingly limited resources. MGTS training, guided by a 10-unit resource book, integrates technical and program management expertise to foster volunteer pride and self-sufficiency. This allows MGTSs to coordinate much of their own training and recruit and manage large numbers of non-MG volunteers to whom they can provide limited training for specific projects, thus, allowing program expansion without additional staff.
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Baynes, Jack, John Herbohn, and Iean Russell. "The Influence of Farmers’ Mental Models on an Agroforestry Extension Program in the Philippines." Small-scale Forestry 10, no. 3 (December 23, 2010): 377–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11842-010-9154-7.
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Benskin, Henry J., and Alan Vyse. "British Columbia Forest Service's Science Program: Science to support sustainability." Forestry Chronicle 78, no. 1 (February 1, 2002): 72–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc78072-1.
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The prime mandate of the BC Forest Service's Forest Science Program is to bring scientific innovation to bear on sustainable forest management. For over 80 years, its staff has been an integral part of many significant changes to forest policies and practices. Decentralized researchers are in direct contact with local forest managers and resource users throughout the province, ensuring a focus on operationally relevant research as well as providing an accessible source of best available scientific knowledge to support policies and practices. Five core research activities within the program, including growth and yield, silviculture, forest genetics, ecology and earth sciences, yield valuable short and long-term information about how to sustain ecosystems, enhance timber production and manage forests for a variety of resource uses. In cooperation with partners and clients in universities, institutes, government agencies, the forest industry and others in both research and extension, program scientists and staff continue to deliver practical services to front-line practitioners and policy makers in British Columbia's rapidly changing forest sector. Key words: scientific innovation, sustainable management, credibility, operationally relevant, policies, forest practices, partnerships
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Dixit, Pradeepmani. "Implementing Farm-Forestry Practices in Nepal: Experiences and Achievements." Forestry Chronicle 66, no. 3 (June 1, 1990): 242–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc66242-3.
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Forest and shrubland in Nepal are unable to sustain the supply of forest products. One program to alleviate this problem, which is leading to environmental degradation and down-stream effects in India and Bangladesh, has been to establish a farm-forestry project. Since 1983, this project has identified useful species and developed regeneration and protection techniques for them as well as encouraging on-farm participation by the farmers. Although the area of new forest needed is vast (4 million ha), the average land holding in the country is small (0.56 ha) thus, effective forest extension techniques must be developed.
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Irawan, Evi. "Prospek Partisipasi Petani dalam Program Pembangunan Hutan Rakyat untuk Mitigasi Perubahaan Iklim di Wonosobo." Forum Geografi 25, no. 1 (July 20, 2011): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/forgeo.v25i1.5036.
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Past experiences indicate that the success of many farm forestry projects is mainly influenced by farmers’ participation. Ex ante estimation of the likelihood of farmers’ participation in a particular farm forestry project might reduce the risk of project failure. This article is to analyze, ex ante, factors affecting a farmer’s participation in a hypothetical farm forestry project for climate change mitigation based upon a survey data of 117 farm forestry farmers in Tempurejo Village, Wonosobo Regency. Logit estimation suggests that the likelihood of a farmer’s participation is likely affected by age of farmer, education, farm household size and farmer’s experience in farm forestry business. Two policies implication of these findings are that government should increase farmers’ knowledge of climate change through extension programs, such as climate field school, and align the design of farm forestry projects for climate change mitigation with the prevailing farm forestry management system practiced by farmers.
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Irawan, Evi. "PROSPEK PARTISIPASI PETANI DALAM PROGRAM PEMBANGUNAN HUTAN RAKYAT UNTUK MITIGASI PERUBAHAAN IKLIM DI WONOSOBO." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 12, no. 1 (June 1, 2011): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jep.v12i1.206.
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Past experiences indicate that the success of many farm forestry projects is mainly influenced by farmer’s participation. Ex ante estimation of the likelihood of farmers’ participation in a particular farm forestry project might reduce the risk of project failure. This study aims to analyze ex ante, farmer’s participation in a hypothetical farm forestry project for climate change mitigation based upon a survey data of 117 farm forestry farmers in Tempurejo Village, Wonosobo Regency. Logit estimation suggests that the likelihood of a farmer’s participation is likely affected by age of farmer, education, farm household size and farmer’s experience in farm forestry business. Two policies implication of these findings are that government should increase farmers’ knowledge of climate change through extension programs, such as climate field school, and align the design of farm forestry projects for climate change mitigation with the prevailing farm forestry management system practiced by farmers.
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Andryansah, Oktedy, Dodik Ridho Nurrochmat, and Nandi Kosmaryandi. "Effectiveness Model of the Nature Tourism Based Community Forest Program Implementation in Bangka Tengah District." Media Konservasi 24, no. 2 (October 3, 2019): 124–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/medkon.24.2.124-133.
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Nature tourism-based community forest (NTCF) is one form of community forest utilization in Bangka Tengah District. In its implementation, the effectiveness of this program is relatively different among community forest groups. This difference of effectiveness level could be influenced by various factors. Therefore, identification of these factors needs to be taken into consideration in making decisions to improve the effectiveness of the intended program. This study aims to identify the influencing factors and efforts to improve the effectiveness of NTCF implementation. The method used is the structural equation modeling and qualitative analysis. The results of the study showed that the factors that influence the effectiveness of the implementation are the attitude of the government, attitudes of community leaders, forestry extension human resources, attitudes of non-governmental organizations and the level of education of the community. For these reasons, the efforts should be conducted to achieve the effectiveness of the NTCF are to increase the support of community leaders, NGOs, and the government, increase the capacity of human resources for forestry instructors and provide education and training for the groups with relatively low levels of education. Keywords: community forest, natural tourism, structural equation modeling, utilization
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Wallace, G. "A Numerical Fire Simulation-Model." International Journal of Wildland Fire 3, no. 2 (1993): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf9930111.
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An extension of the simple ellipse model of a vegetation fire is presented. This facilitates numerical implementation, and can therefore incorporate irregular topographical features and temporal changes in burning conditions. The model has been encoded into an interactive PC program which gives a visual simulation of the spread of a fire on a graphics screen. The model has considerable potential for fire management.
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Sinaga, Herty Ramayanti. "PENGARUH PELATIHAN DAN PENDIDIKAN TERHADAP KINERJA PENYULUH PERTANIAN PADA BKP5K KABUPATEN BOGOR." Jurnal E-Bis (Ekonomi-Bisnis) 2, no. 2 (November 20, 2018): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.37339/e-bis.v2i2.85.
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One way to improve the quality of agricultural extension resource through education and training is implemented out in a planned and systematic. In other words, the importance of education and training within the organization is to improve the performance of agricultural extension that include the knowledge and skill that support, as well as the building of the attitude of each of the extension as desired by organization. This study aims to analyze the influence of training and education on the performance of agricultural extension workers in the Food Security and Managing Extension Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry (BKP5K) Bogor and analyze the indicators that reflect the dominant success of the training and education provided to the agricultural extension. Sampling is based on non-probability sampling technique using purposive sampling method of 79 samples from 99 populations of agricultural extension agricultural extension PNS. These results indicate that 1) the influence of training and education on the performance of agricultural extension, the training negatively affect the performance of agricultural extension and education have positive influence on the performance of agricultural extension; and 2) the dominant indicator of the training variables contained in the first indicator, namely the training suitability of the materials needed with this type of training with the results of 3.28. Dominant indicator of educational variables contained in the second indicator, namely the educational suitability of the current work with the results of 3.28. Dominant indicator of performancel variables contained in the first indicator, namely understand the program with the results of 3.23.
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Romo-Lozano, José L., Rosa M. Rodríguez, Roberto Rendón-Medel, and Álvaro Labella. "Application of a multigranular approach based on the 2-tuple fuzzy linguistic model for the evaluation of forestry policy indicators." Revista Chapingo Serie Ciencias Forestales y del Ambiente 27, no. 2 (2020): 257–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5154/r.rchscfa.2020.06.043.
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Introduction: The need for quality indicators is well recognized by users and proponents of public policy evaluation. Indicators recurrently include qualitative attributes for which there are few studies assessing the level of compliance. Objective: To apply a multigranular approach, based on the 2-tuple fuzzy linguistic model, to evaluate 13 indicators of the National Forestry Program, established in the system of social policy indicators derived from the National Development Plan 2012-2018 of Mexico. Materials and methods: The method uses the 2-tuple fuzzy linguistic representation model and an extension called extended linguistic hierarchies, designed to solve problems with multigranular linguistic information. The indicators’ level of compliance was evaluated based on four criteria: clarity, relevance, monitoring, and adequacy. Results and discussion: The structure defined in evaluating social policy indicators corresponds appropriately to that used with the 2-tuple fuzzy linguistic model. The evaluation resulted in a sorted list in which the indicator “Rate of change of timber forest production” had the best rating with a “very high” level of compliance; 10 other indicators had the “high” level of compliance, and the remaining two indicators were rated with “moderate” compliance. Conclusions: The 2-tuple fuzzy linguistic model allowed the appropriate evaluation of the level of compliance with the desirable attributes of indicators
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Baumgartner, David, Patricia Cohn, Amy Grotta, Andy Perleberg, Donald Hanley, and Arno Bergstrom. "Technical Note: Evaluating the Forest Stewardship Coached Planning Course in Washington State." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 23, no. 4 (October 1, 2008): 236–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/23.4.236.
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Abstract From 1992 to 2005, over 1,100 family forest owners in Washington State participated in a Forest Stewardship Coached Planning (FSCP) course conducted by Washington State University Extension and the Washington State Department of Natural Resources. The course provides forest stewardship education and assists private forest landowners in writing their own forest stewardship management plans with guidance and “coaching” by natural resource professionals. A survey of past course participants conducted in 2006 had a 60% response rate. As a result of the course, 96% of the respondents believed they had a better understanding about management options, and 73% had implemented a practice they would not have done otherwise. Management planning is prevalent among the respondents, with nearly 70% having some type of management plan. Implementation of new management practices through the FSCP approach in Washington exceeds the rates reported in the national Forest Stewardship Program national survey.
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McGinley, Kathleen A., Guy C. Robertson, and Kathleen S. Friday. "Examining the Sustainability of Tropical Island Forests: Advances and Challenges in Measurement, Monitoring, and Reporting in the U.S. Caribbean and Pacific." Forests 10, no. 11 (October 24, 2019): 946. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10110946.
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Forests across the U.S. and U.S. affiliated islands of the Caribbean and Pacific constitute rich and dynamic social-ecological systems that, while heterogeneous in many ways, share certain characteristics and trends that underscore the utility of sustainability assessments that go beyond single jurisdictional efforts. This paper summarizes a recent effort to assess the sustainability of tropical island forests of and politically affiliated with the U.S. using the Montréal Process criteria and indicator framework (MP C&I), which address ecological, social, economic, and institutional dimensions of forests. Forests cover 45 percent of the total area and more than 50 percent of each island jurisdiction, except Hawaii (36 percent). Forest cover is generally stable over much of the area in terms of recent reference conditions. The history of human occupation and land alteration is a prominent determinant of current conditions throughout the islands, which exhibit relatively high rates of threatened species in comparison to mainland counterparts and particularly where endemism is high. The islands also harbor significant areas of new or novel assemblages of native and non-native forest species, predominately on abandoned agricultural lands cleared of native forests long ago, which have been shown to contribute to the restoration of these degraded lands and provide many other ecosystem services at levels as high as and in some cases higher than native forests. Although industrial-level commercial timber harvest is small to nonexistent on most islands, socioeconomic and cultural linkages to forests are extensive but difficult to quantify. Amassing a foundation of data sufficient to address the MP C&I was challenging, in part due to the heterogeneity of the islands, island geography, and limited reporting capacities. We document significant improvements in the availability of data important for sustainability assessments in the last decade or so, especially with the extension of the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis program to the islands. Likewise, we find the MP C&I to be a useful tool for organizing and presenting information important for assessing forest sustainability. Nevertheless, considerable data gaps remain in the areas of biodiversity, forest functions and processes, and socioeconomic conditions of forests, which are critical elements to track across the islands, particularly in the context of climate change and ongoing anthropogenic pressures.
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Nofa Harumike, Yefi Dyan. "RECEPTION ANALYSIS OF FARMERS GROUP MEMBERS AGAINST AGRICULTURAL INTERACTIVE DIALOGUE BROADCAST PROGRAM AT PERSADA FM RADIO AND MAYANGKARA FM, JOINT EXECUTIVE AGENCY EXTENSION OF AGRICULTURE, FISHERIES AND FORESTRY (BP4K) BLITAR." JARES (Journal of Academic Research and Sciences) 2, no. 2 (September 10, 2017): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.35457/jares.v2i2.403.
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This research was conducted by the interest of the researcher looking at the active phenomenon of mass communication media in the community. The researcher chose to conduct a research on a broadcasting program of interactive dialogue organized by BP4K Blitar, because in previous studies regarding the reception of audience have never used the broadcast program audience interactive dialogue. This type of research is qualitative descriptive research using audience reception analysis is based on the concept of encoding/decoding stated Stuart Hall. The researcher compiled the study based on the theory models used to determine the audience reception of the broadcasting program of agricultural interactive dialogue with the theme of the broadcast organic mushroom cultivation timber Persada FM radio broadcast and organic fertilizer production Mayangkara FM radio broadcast. Reception results obtained from this study, both the theme of agriculture broadcast interactive dialogue on the theme of organic wood mushroom cultivation, as well as organic fertilizer there are three positions, namely dominant, negotiated and oppositional. In a dominant position audience is inclined to accept the message and then applied the same as those interpreted by a messenger, to the position negosiated audience besides receiving and applying the meaning of the message delivered with creators message yet been of meaning other than experience, while for the position of oppositional audiences tend to have a different meaning with delivering message, and the application also made on the basis of personal experiences and knowledge. Keywords: Agriculture interactive dialogue, Organic wood mushroom cultivation, Organic fertilizer Received: 6 August, 2017; Accepter: 10 September, 2017
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Nofa Harumike, Yefi Dyan. "RECEPTION ANALYSIS OF FARMERS GROUP MEMBERS AGAINST AGRICULTURAL INTERACTIVE DIALOGUE BROADCAST PROGRAM AT PERSADA FM RADIO AND MAYANGKARA FM, JOINT EXECUTIVE AGENCY EXTENSION OF AGRICULTURE, FISHERIES AND FORESTRY (BP4K) BLITAR." Journal of Academic Research and Sciences (JARES) 2, no. 2 (September 10, 2017): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.30957/jares.v2i2.403.
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This research was conducted by the interest of the researcher looking at the active phenomenon of mass communication media in the community. The researcher chose to conduct a research on a broadcasting program of interactive dialogue organized by BP4K Blitar, because in previous studies regarding the reception of audience have never used the broadcast program audience interactive dialogue. This type of research is qualitative descriptive research using audience reception analysis is based on the concept of encoding/decoding stated Stuart Hall. The researcher compiled the study based on the theory models used to determine the audience reception of the broadcasting program of agricultural interactive dialogue with the theme of the broadcast organic mushroom cultivation timber Persada FM radio broadcast and organic fertilizer production Mayangkara FM radio broadcast. Reception results obtained from this study, both the theme of agriculture broadcast interactive dialogue on the theme of organic wood mushroom cultivation, as well as organic fertilizer there are three positions, namely dominant, negotiated and oppositional. In a dominant position audience is inclined to accept the message and then applied the same as those interpreted by a messenger, to the position negosiated audience besides receiving and applying the meaning of the message delivered with creators message yet been of meaning other than experience, while for the position of oppositional audiences tend to have a different meaning with delivering message, and the application also made on the basis of personal experiences and knowledge. Keywords: Agriculture interactive dialogue, Organic wood mushroom cultivation, Organic fertilizer Received: 6 August, 2017; Accepter: 10 September, 2017
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Henry, Chris G., L. Jason Krutz, Ranjitsinh Mane, and Greg D. Simpson. "The Arkansas “Most Crop per Drop” Contest: An Innovative Extension Method to Improve Irrigation Water Management Adoption." Transactions of the ASABE 63, no. 6 (2020): 2083–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13964.
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HighlightsAn integrated research and Extension program promoted adoption of computerized hole selection (CHS), surge irrigation, soil moisture monitoring, and multiple inlet rice irrigation (MIRI) for surface irrigators in Arkansas.Using a contest design, water use efficiency (WUE) was determined for maize, soybean, and rice fields, and report cards were provided to contest participants to provide feedback on their irrigation acumen.The highest yielding fields did not always result in the highest WUE.The contest was implemented on working commercial farms in the Arkansas Delta using flowmeters and in-field crop yield checks for the purpose of promoting adoption of irrigation water management (IWM).Abstract. The Arkansas “most crop per drop” irrigation contest is an integrated research and Extension program developed to assess water use, rainfall, and yield for the purpose of estimating water use efficiency (WUE). The irrigation contest resembles traditional yield contests, with the goal of documenting WUE and increasing adoption and awareness of irrigation water management (IWM) practices in the region. Adoption of IWM practices was greater for those who participated in the contest than their Arkansas peer average, with documented adoption increases of 33% for computerized hole selection, 28% for surge irrigation, and 51% for soil moisture monitoring. Keywords: Computerized hole selection, Soil moisture monitoring, Surge irrigation.
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Azuma, David, Vicente J. Monleon, and Donald Gedney. "Equations for Predicting Uncompacted Crown Ratio Based on Compacted Crown Ratio and Tree Attributes." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 19, no. 4 (October 1, 2004): 260–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/19.4.260.
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Abstract Equations to predict uncompacted crown ratio as a function of compacted crown ratio, tree diameter, and tree height are developed for the main tree species in Oregon, Washington, and California using data from the Forest Health Monitoring Program, USDA Forest Service. The uncompacted crown ratio was modeled with a logistic function and fitted using weighted, nonlinear regression. The models were evaluated using cross-validation. Mean squared error of predicted uncompacted crown ratio was between 0.1 and 0.15, overall bias was negligible, and correlation between the predicted and observed uncompacted crown ratio was high for most species. The sensitivity of crown fire risk to crown ratio estimation method was evaluated using the Fire and Fuels Extension of the Forest Vegetation Simulator. Torching index, an estimate of the wind speed needed for a crown fire to develop, was significantly greater when compacted crown ratio was used instead of uncompacted crown ratio. The close agreement in torching indices simulated using predicted and observed uncompacted crown ratio provides further evidence of the utility of the models developed in this study. West. J. Appl. For. 19(4):260–267.
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Karppinen, Heimo, and Harri Hänninen. "Monitoring Finnish family forestry." Forestry Chronicle 82, no. 5 (September 1, 2006): 657–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc82657-5.
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Non-industrial private forestry is important in many European countries as well as in the United States and eastern provinces of Canada. Private forests are especially important in Finland because the forest industries are highly dependent on private timber supply. In this article, we present the Finnish monitoring system for private forestry. Forest owners receive mailed inquiries regarding demographics, holding characteristics, ownership objectives, areas of silvicultural treatments, and timber sales, as well as connections with extension organizations. Studies based on such data have been useful in planning and implementation of national forestry programs and policies. Key words: non-industrial private forest owners, small-scale forestry, landowner characteristics, ownership objectives, forest management behaviour, timber supply, Finland
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Hadley, Melissa J. "Extension Forestry: The Second Bridge." Forestry Chronicle 64, no. 3 (June 1, 1988): 203–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc64203-3.
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Forestry communication has experienced a major revival in recent years. Forest companies, associations, and government agencies are all joining in the task of creating a "more aware and understanding" general public, with the ultimate goal of developing a broad-based Canadian forestry constituency to support increases in government funding and the development of more progressive policies for the sector. Across the country, public relations and forestry education programs are being targeted for consumption by specific audiences. A review of many of these forestry messages, however, reveals a disturbing tendency towards the delivery of one-way messages.This paper presents a case for practicing communications as a process, rather than a product, and ensuring that future communication initiatives encourage interaction and dialogue with our many publics. It suggests specific guidelines for developing communication programs, and recommends an "equal partners" approach to communications.
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Indraningsih, Kurnia Suci. "Implementasi dan Dampak Penerapan Legislasi Penyuluhan Pertanian Terhadap Capaian Swasembada Pangan." Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian 13, no. 2 (October 13, 2016): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/akp.v13n2.2015.109-128.
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<p><span><strong>English</strong></span></p><p><span>Law No. 16/2006 on Agricultural Extension System, Fisheries and Forestry and its derivative regulations have not improved extension workers’ performance to meet farmers’ needs including that to succeed food self-sufficiency. This paper aims to analyze (1) implementation of extension laws especially in food self-sufficiency achievement; (2) problems faced by officials and extension workers in implementing agricultural extension; and (3) impacts of extension laws on of food self-sufficiency achievement target. Primary data and information were collected through interviews and group discussions using an ethno-methodology approach. The results showed that extension laws implementation did not fully match with the Law No. 32/2004, especially its derivatives such as PP No. 41/2007 and PP No. 38/2007. However, such derivative legislation was consistent with Law No. 16/2006 and supported rice self-sufficiency achievement in 2014. Implementation of agricultural extension laws deals with the position of agriculture sector is not the priority such that coordination and synchronization between central and regional governments’ development programs are still weak. Extension workers’ assistance to farmers improved food productivity by 29 to 32.7%. It is necessary to enhance extension workers’ assistance to farmers through farmers’ capacity building, not solely to increase the food production</span></p><p><span><strong>Indonesia</strong></span></p><p><span>Undang Undang No. 16/2006 tentang Sistem Penyuluhan Pertanian, Perikanan, dan Kehutanan (SP3K); serta peraturan perundang-undangan di bawahnya tampaknya belum memberikan ruang bagi penyuluh untuk dapat bekerja dengan baik sesuai kebutuhan petani. Dalam hal ini termasuk menjawab kebutuhan untuk membuat penyuluh lebih progresif dalam menyukseskan swasembada pangan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis (1) implementasi peraturan perundangan di bidang penyuluhan dengan pencapaian sasaran swasembada pangan; (2) permasalahan implementasi di bidang penyuluhan; dan (3) dampak implementasi legislasi penyuluhan pertanian terhadap capaian sasaran swasembada pangan. </span><span lang="SV">W</span><span>awancara dan </span><span lang="SV">diskusi kelompok dengan pendekatan <em>ethnomethodology</em></span><span> dilakukan untuk mendapatkan informasi yang holistik terkait dengan tujuan evaluasi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa i</span><span lang="SV">mplementasi peraturan perundang-undangan </span><span>di bidang penyuluhan belum sepenuhnya sinkron dengan UU No</span><span lang="SV">.</span><span>32/2004, terutama poduk turunannya, yaitu PP No. 41/2007 dan PP No. 38/2007. Produk turunan </span><span lang="SV">perundang-undangan </span><span>di bidang penyuluhan telah konsisten dengan UU No. 16/2006, dan telah mendukung pencapaian swasembada beras di tahun 2014. Permasalahan implementasi di bidang penyuluhan pertanian terkait dengan posisi sektor pertanian sebagai ‘urusan pilihan’ sehingga koordinasi dan sinkronisasi antara program pembangunan pusat dan daerah masih lemah. Dampak implementasi legislasi penyuluhan terlihat dari peran pendampingan/pengawalan penyuluh terhadap petani telah memberikan kontribusi terhadap peningkatan produktivitas padi sebesar 29−32,7%. Implikasinya secara nasional adalah intensitas pendampingan penyuluh terhadap petani perlu ditingkatkan yang berorientasi pada peningkatan kapasitas petani, bukan semata-mata pada peningkatan produksi. </span></p>
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Hiesl, Patrick, and Shari L. Rodriguez. "Quantifying the Impact of a Flood and Hurricane Event on Tree Farms in South Carolina: A Survey." Forests 10, no. 7 (June 29, 2019): 546. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10070546.
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Natural disturbances in forested landscapes are increasing in frequency. Hurricanes and flooding events can cause extreme damages to forested ecosystems and the forest products industry. The state of South Carolina experienced four major hurricanes and flooding events between 2015 and 2018. A survey was sent out to the members of the American Tree Farm System (ATFS) in South Carolina in 2017 to better understand the impact of two of these events—the historical flood of October 2015 and hurricane Matthew in October 2016—on family forest operations. Forty-eight percent of surveys were returned. Surveys were received from all counties except one. Average losses of $6.21/acre and $6.48/acre for flood and hurricane damage, respectively, were reported across all of the respondents. Major damage from the flood was reported to be on forest roads, while uprooted and broken trees were the most reported damage from the hurricane. Extrapolating damages to the state level indicated total estimated damages that were in excess of $80 million for each event. The responses also showed that only one-third of respondents were aware of disaster relief programs and less than 2% actually received financial aid. The results from this survey provide forest managers, policy makers, and extension personnel with information regarding the damages that were associated with the 2015 flood and the 2016 hurricane. Events such as these are bound to happen again in the future and information from this survey may allow foresters, policy makers, and forestry associations to refine the ways that financial aid information is distributed to increase the awareness of these programs.
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Sanudin, Sanudin. "Perception and Attitude of Community towards the Development of Nyamplung in Patutrejo Village, Purworejo District." Jurnal Agroforestri Indonesia 3, no. 1 (July 2020): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.20886/jai.2020.3.1.55-66.
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Global awareness of the energy crisis and the environmental impacts related to fossil fuels have driven the use of alternative energy sources such as biofuels. Nyamplung is one type of plant suitable for biofuel production. This study aims to determine perception and attitude community towards the development of nyamplung. The study was conducted in April - July 2018 in Patutrejo Village, Purworejo District, Central Java. Data collection was carried out by interviewing the community involved in the Self-Sufficient Village program in 2009, namely farmers, extension workers, officials in the Forestry Service Branch and officials in Perum Perhutani. The data obtained were tabulated and analyzed using a Likert Scale. The results showed that perceptions and attitudes of the community towards the development of nyamplung are as follows: First, nyamplung is suitable to be developed for environmental functions, namely as a windbreak, which protects agricultural land near the sea to remain productive; Second, nyamplung is not profitable to be developed for biofuel business because the price of nyamplung seeds is low and the processing of nyamplung seeds requires a modern machine; and Third, the development of nyamplung for biofuels does not have the support of the community. They are not willing to plant nyamplung on their own land, are not interested in processing nyamplung seeds for biofuel and are not interested in collecting and selling nyamplung seeds.
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Cochard, Roland, Dung Tri Ngo, Patrick O. Waeber, and Christian A. Kull. "Extent and causes of forest cover changes in Vietnam’s provinces 1993–2013: a review and analysis of official data." Environmental Reviews 25, no. 2 (June 2017): 199–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/er-2016-0050.
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Within a region plagued by deforestation, Vietnam has experienced an exceptional turnaround from net forest loss to forest regrowth. This so-called forest transition, starting in the 1990s, resulted from major changes to environmental and economic policy. Investments in agricultural intensification, reforestation programs, and forestland privatization directly or indirectly promoted natural forest regeneration and the setting-up of plantation forests mainly stocked with exotic species. Forest cover changes, however, varied widely among regions due to specific socio-economic and environmental factors. We studied forest cover changes (including natural and planted forests) and associated drivers in Vietnam’s provinces from 1993–2013. An exhaustive literature review was combined with multivariate statistical analyses of official provincial data. Natural forest regrowth was highest in northern mountain provinces, especially in the period 1993–2003, whereas deforestation continued in the Central Highlands and Southeast Region. Forest plantations increased most in mid-elevation provinces. Statistical results largely confirmed case study-based literature, highlighting the importance of forestland allocation policies and agroforestry extension for promoting small-scale tree plantations and allowing natural forest regeneration in previously degraded areas. Results provide evidence for the abandonment of upland swidden agriculture during 1993–2003, and reveal that spatial competition between expanding natural forests, fixed crop fields, and tree plantations increased during 2003–2013. While we identified a literature gap regarding effects of forest management by para-statal forestry organizations, statistical results showed that natural forests increased in areas managed for protection/regeneration. Cover of other natural forests under the organizations’ management, however, tended to decrease or stagnate, especially more recently when the organizations increasingly turned to multi-purpose plantation forestry. Deforestation processes in the Central Highlands and Southeast Region were mainly driven by cash crop expansion (coffee, rubber) and associated immigration and population growth. Recent data trends indicated limits to further forest expansion, and logging within high-quality natural forests reportedly remained a widespread problem. New schemes for payments for forest environmental services should be strengthened to consolidate the gains from the forest transition, whilst improving forest quality (in terms of biodiversity and environmental services) and allowing local people to actively participate in forest management.
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Blatner, Keith A., David M. Baumgartner, and Lanny R. Quackenbush. "NIPF Use of Landowner Assistance and Education Programs in Washington State." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 6, no. 4 (October 1, 1991): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/6.4.90.
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Abstract A 1988 mail survey to evaluate use and effectiveness of Washington NIPF assistance/education programs resulted in a 69% response or 910 useable questionnaires. In total, 47% of the respondents had received assistance/education from Washington State DNR (17.4%), SCS (15.4%), ASCS Cost-Share (15.5%), Washington State University Cooperative Extension (29.3%) and private forestry consultants (12%). Usefulness of assistance/education received was rated good/excellent by 79.3% to 90.5% of the respondents. Owners also commonly received assistance/education from more than one source, reflecting the fact that NIPF forestry programs tend to work as a system, with each part serving a different function. Respondents receiving assistance or information had larger forested holdings, a somewhat higher level of education and tended to live on or near their forested holdings. A much larger percentage of respondents having received assistance/education indicated they had completed one or more management practices in the past 10 years. West. J. Appl. For. 6(4):90-94.
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Sagor, Eli S., Amanda M. Kueper, Charles R. Blinn, and Dennis R. Becker. "Extension Forestry in the United States: A National Review of State-Level Programs." Journal of Forestry 112, no. 1 (January 28, 2014): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5849/jof.13-007.
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Kueper, Amanda M., Eli S. Sagor, Charles R. Blinn, and Dennis R. Becker. "Extension Forestry in the United States: Master Volunteer and Other Peer-Learning Programs." Journal of Forestry 112, no. 1 (January 12, 2014): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5849/jof.13-008.
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Lamm, Freddie R., Dana O. Porter, James P. Bordovsky, Steven R. Evett, Susan A. O’Shaughnessy, Kenneth C. Stone, William L. Kranz, Danny H. Rogers, and Paul D. Colaizzi. "Targeted, Precision Irrigation for Moving Platforms: Selected Papers from a Center Pivot Technology Transfer Effort." Transactions of the ASABE 62, no. 5 (2019): 1409–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13371.
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Abstract. This article is an introduction to an ASABE Special Collection of ten articles concerning center pivot (CP) technology transfer that appears in this issue of and in . The year 2018 marked the 40th anniversary of research and development of low-energy precision application (LEPA) for use with CP sprinkler irrigation systems. Since 1978, researchers, extension specialists, and industry have continued development of multiple technologies that are suitable for mobile lateral irrigation platforms. A two-year technology transfer effort with funding from the USDA-ARS Ogallala Aquifer Program (OAP) was initiated in January 2017 to promote adoption of advanced and efficient irrigation technologies and to highlight recommended practices for mobile irrigation platforms, including both CP and lateral-move (LM) systems. The articles in this Special Collection address five major topic areas: in-canopy and near-canopy irrigation application from moving platforms, site-specific variable-rate irrigation (VRI) and associated sensor technologies for moving platforms, the use of variable-frequency drives (VFDs) with CP systems, and uniformity evaluations for CP systems. While these ten articles are not inclusive of all the important advances in irrigation from moving platforms since 1978, they illustrate that continued improvement in irrigation management occurs by combining engineering and agronomic sciences. Pressurized irrigation from moving platforms is increasing in the U.S. and will be an important tool for meeting global food and water challenges. In addition to introducing and summarizing the Special Collection, this article provides additional rationale for the CP technology transfer effort. Keywords: Center pivot, Irrigation uniformity, Lateral-move sprinkler, LEPA, Linear-move sprinkler, Low-energy precision application, Site-specific irrigation, Sprinkler irrigation, Variable-frequency drives, Variable-rate irrigation, VFD, VRI.
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Baynes, Jack, and Nestor Gregorio. "Nursery Training for Smallholders: An Evaluation of Two Extension Programs in the Philippines." Small-scale Forestry 7, no. 3-4 (July 8, 2008): 387–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11842-008-9061-3.
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Van Khuc, Quy, Tuyet-Anh T. Le, Trung H. Nguyen, Duy Nong, Bao Quang Tran, Patrick Meyfroidt, Trung Tran, et al. "Forest Cover Change, Households’ Livelihoods, Trade-Offs, and Constraints Associated with Plantation Forests in Poor Upland-Rural Landscapes: Evidence from North Central Vietnam." Forests 11, no. 5 (May 13, 2020): 548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11050548.
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Vietnam’s forests have experienced a notable transformation over the past 20 years from net deforestation to reforestation and expanding forests. Continued reforestation that aims to achieve further economic and environmental benefits remains a national priority and strategy. We explore the current status of plantation forests and highlight possible means to facilitate their expansion in the uplands of Vietnam. We employ mixed method triangulation to empirically explore plantation forests and their economic role in household livelihood, to quantify trade-offs between plantation forests and shifting cultivation, and to assess the constraints on plantation forest expansion in Nghe An province, north-central Vietnam. Results show that forest in the study area expanded by 406,000 ha (71.1%) between 1990 and 2016. Plantation forests increased by nearly 500% (from 32,000 ha to 190,000 ha), while natural forests expanded by 48.1% (from 538,000 ha to 797,000 ha). Plantation forests contributed an average of 35.1 percent of total household income in wealthier households and 27.9 percent of income in poor households. Switching from shifting cultivation to plantation forests would increase total household income and average carbon stock but decrease food provision. Total Economic Value would be higher for plantation forest scenarios if increased carbon stocks in plantations can be monetized. This carbon income might drive conversion of shifting cultivation to plantation forests. Constraints on further expansion of plantation forest are low external cooperation, education, market stability, and agroforestry extension services. Our empirical results inform national plantation forest development, sustainable upland livelihood development, and climate change mitigation programs to ultimately facilitate forest transition and improve the resilience and sustainability of socio-ecological systems.
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Amin, Arman Syahrul, Emban Ibnurusyd Mas'ud, and Mas'ud Junus. "Preferensi Masyarakat terhadap Pola Pemanfaatan Lahan Hutan Rakyat di Desa Lekopancing, Kecamatan Tanralili, Kabupaten Maros." Jurnal Hutan dan Masyarakat 9, no. 2 (December 30, 2017): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.24259/jhm.v9i2.3098.
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This study describes the community preferences on land use arrangement in Lekopancing Village, Tanralili Subdistrict, Maros District. The results showed that the preferences of society towards the selection patterns of land use private forest determined by social factors, economic factors, and external factors. Social factors such as success stories of two persons in this village whom earn a large income from the plantation of Gmelina arborea (white teak), which is accompanied by social capital in the form of local knowledge and cultural system based on reciprocity. Economic factors, that is people felt motivated caused by increased income through the white teak plantation. External factors, such as KBR incentive programs and the provision of forestry extension worker, become the driving factors too.
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Dupont, L. M., H. Behling, and J. H. Kim. "Thirty thousand years of vegetation development and climate change in Angola (Ocean Drilling Program Site 1078)." Climate of the Past Discussions 4, no. 1 (January 31, 2008): 111–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-4-111-2008.
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Abstract. ODP Site 1078 situated under the coast of Angola provides the first record of the vegetation history for Angola. The upper 11 m of the core covers the past 30 thousand years, which has been analysed palynologically in decadal to centennial resolution. Alkenone sea surface temperature estimates were analysed in centennial resolution. We studied sea surface temperatures and vegetation development during full glacial, deglacial, and interglacial conditions. During the glacial the vegetation in Angola was very open consisting of grass and heath lands, deserts and semi-deserts, which suggests a cool and dry climate. A change to warmer and more humid conditions is indicated by forest expansion starting in step with the earliest temperature rise in Antarctica, 22 thousand years ago. We infer that around the period of Heinrich Event 1 a northward excursion of the Angola Benguela Front and the Congolian Air Boundary resulted in cool sea surface temperatures and a northward extension of desert vegetation along the coast. Rain forest and dry forest returned 15 thousand years ago. During the Holocene, dry forests and Miombo woodlands expanded. Also in Angola globally recognised climate changes at 8 thousand and 4 thousand years ago had an impact on the vegetation. During the past 2 thousand years, savannah vegetation became dominant.
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Harrison, K. J., J. E. Hurley, G. R. Warren, and G. Laflamme. "Expansion of the European Race of Gremmeniella abietina in Newfoundland, Canada." Plant Disease 84, no. 2 (February 2000): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2000.84.2.202a.
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Since its detection on ornamental pines in St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada, in 1979 (3), the European race causing Scleroderris canker (Gremmeniella abietina (Lagerb.) Morelet) has been detected throughout the Avalon Peninsula at the eastern end of the province. A quarantine was established on the Avalon Peninsula in 1980 to reduce the risk of introducing the disease to the natural red pine (Pinus resinosa Aiton) stands on the remainder of the island. Scots, red, and jack pines were examined at 34 locations in Newfoundland in 1998 and 1999. Infected trees were detected at four locations outside the quarantine zone. In the fall of 1998, the disease was found in plantations at three locations outside the quarantine zone: on Scots pine (P. sylvestris L.) at Bonavista and Catalina (≈135 km north-northeast of the quarantine) and on jack pine (P. banksiana Lamb.) and Scots pine at Sunnyside on Trinity Bay (≈45 km northwest of the quarantine). In 1999, the disease was detected at a fourth location on planted Scots pine in Come By Chance, near the Sunnyside location. Cultures of the pathogen were recovered from branch samples collected at each location and submitted for race determination at the Laurentian Forestry Centre, Sainte-Foy, QB. All isolates were determined based on the polymerase chain reaction diagnostic technique (1) to be the European race of G. abietina. This is a significant range extension from that reported by Laflamme et al. (2). The infected trees originated from the former Back River tree nursery at Salmonier Line that provided planting stock for a provincial reforestation program between 1937 and 1952. Evidence suggests that this nursery was the source of infected stock for plantations at nine locations within the Avalon Peninsula quarantine zone and the four new locations detected during the 1998 and 1999 surveys. This is similar to the pattern described for other nurseries in eastern Canada and the United States (2). The presence of the European race of G. abietina outside of the Avalon Peninsula increases the risk that the disease will become established in the rare natural red pine stands on the rest of the island of Newfoundland. References: (1) R. C. Hamelin et al. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59:1752, 1993. (2) G. Laflamme et al. For. Chron. 74:561, 1998. (3) P. Singh et al. Plant Dis. 64:1117, 1980.
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Smith, Guy K. M., and James E. Johnson. "Breaking trail through mountains – forest policy implementation case studies." Forestry Chronicle 83, no. 5 (September 1, 2007): 699–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc83699-5.
Full textAbstract:
Contemporary forest policy is attuned to present and anticipated future societal needs and to long-term dynamics of ecosystems. Policy regimes across North America tend to accommodate degrees of adaptive management to account for future uncertainty. The metaphor of a hiker in a mountain range illustrates the complexity of policy implementation and the need for tools and actions to manage in a changing environment. Case studies from British Columbia, Ontario, Oregon, and Virginia illustrate specific policy regimes and characterize a common "enabling" role necessary for effective policy implementation. Two key enabling functions emerge: the development of analytical tools and the development of educational programs directed to specific needs of persons charged with policy implementation. Organizational capacity in knowledge transfer and extension is instrumental in supporting policy implementation in all four cases. Key words: forest policy, implementation, extension, knowledge transfer, enabling, case studies, policy regimes
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Rudnick, Daran R., Matt Stockton, Saleh Taghvaeian, Jason Warren, Michael D. Dukes, Amy Kremen, Christopher G. Henry, et al. "Innovative Extension Methods in the U.S. to Promote Irrigation Water Management." Transactions of the ASABE 63, no. 5 (2020): 1549–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13929.
Full textAbstract:
HIGHLIGHTSUniversity extension has been playing a larger role, serving a larger number of irrigated farms.Extension programs in irrigation water management (IWM) have been transitioning away from lectures and field tours as the primary means of knowledge transfer.New IWM programs focus on experiential learning, development of practitioner networks, and industry participation.Abstract. Promotion and adoption of irrigation water management (IWM) technology, tools, and best management practices are important as water availability concerns are addressed. Traditional extension programs have relied on lecture presentations, field tours, fact sheets, and on-station demonstrations to promote IWM practices and tools. However, these platforms tend not to provide the experience and opportunity for growers to identify and become comfortable with innovative solutions, such as new technology. To address these challenges and to appeal to an ever-changing client base, innovative and locally relevant extension and outreach programs have been devised to engage and educate growers. This article describes some of these programs that extend beyond previous traditional programs to connect growers with IWM. Keywords: Demonstrations, Experiential learning, Grower competition, Outreach, Practitioner networks.
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Fotang, Chefor, Udo Bröring, Christian Roos, Evidence Chinedu Enoguanbhor, Ekwoge E. Abwe, Paul Dutton, Peter Schierack, Tsi Evaristus Angwafo, and Klaus Birkhofer. "Human Activity and Forest Degradation Threaten Populations of the Nigeria–Cameroon Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes ellioti) in Western Cameroon." International Journal of Primatology 42, no. 1 (February 2021): 105–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10764-020-00191-2.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIncreased human activities such as commodity-led deforestation, extension of agriculture, urbanization, and wildfires are major drivers of forest loss worldwide. In Cameroon, these activities cause a loss of suitable primate habitat and could ultimately threaten the survival of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). We derived independent estimates of the population size of the Endangered Nigeria–Cameroon chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes ellioti) in Kom-Wum Forest Reserve, Cameroon, and surrounding unprotected forest areas through 1) direct observations, 2) camera trapping, 3) distance sampling, 4) marked nest counts, and 5) standing crop nest counts. In addition, we georeferenced signs of chimpanzee and human activity along line transects. We used a generalized linear mixed model to predict the occurrence of chimpanzees in response to edge length (measured as the perimeter of core forest patches), core area of forest patches (measured as area of forest patches beyond an edge width of 100 m), habitat perforation (measured as the perimeter of nonforested landscape within core forest patches), patch size(measured as area of forest patches), and forest cover. Chimpanzee density estimates ranged from 0.1 (direct observation) to 0.9 (distance sampling) individuals km−2 depending on estimation method with a mean nest group size of 7 ± 5.4 (SD). The mean encounter rate for signs of chimpanzee activity was significantly higher in mature forests (2.3 signs km−1) than in secondary forests (0.3 signs km−1) and above 1000 m elevation (4.0 signs km−1) than below 1000 m (1.0 signs km−1). The mean encounter rate for signs of human activity was significantly higher in secondary (8.0 signs km−1) than in mature forests (0.9 signs km−1). Secondary forests, habitat perforation, and edge length had a significant negative effect on the occurrence of chimpanzee signs. Overall, human activity and forest degradation affected the number of observed chimpanzee signs negatively. Regular antipoaching patrols and reforestation programs in degraded areas could potentially reduce threats to populations of endangered species and may increase suitable habitat area.