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Journal articles on the topic 'Forestry production'
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1
Wysocka-Fijorek, Emilia. "Evaluation of forestry companies with differing administrative and production costs." Forest Research Papers 78, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/frp-2017-0005.
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Abstract This paper contributes to the ongoing discussion on the improvement of private forest management in Poland. It examines characteristics of various types of forestry companies encompassing either completely private forests or a mixture of private and state-owned forests. Different possibilities for operating private and state-owned forestry companies were examined. The assessment of forestry companies was carried out for three categories based on forest inventory data and economic information. Each of the categories contained three different types of forestry companies classified as follows: I – companies managing private forests only, II – companies managing both private and state-owned forests (e.g. those managed by a state-run forest district), II – the same as in II but assuming minimal costs. The different types of forestry companies were then subjected to a more detailed analysis with respect to the following factors: A – only their own administrative costs, B – administrative costs and overheads assumed to be the same as in the State Forests, C – overheads assumed to be the same as in the State Forests but administrative costs are calculated as in A. For each of the scenarios, income, costs and revenues were calculated. The different types of forestry companies established above also allowed for an assessment of the used data and their collection. In conclusion, incomes of the forestry companies were generally low due to forest stands being managed by companies. Only in scenario A, which assumes very low management costs, did each of the company types gain revenues. This means that the main direction for the development of forestry companies should be to maintain low management costs.
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Ledin, Stig. "The energy forestry production systems." Biomass and Bioenergy 2, no. 1-6 (January 1992): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0961-9534(92)90084-4.
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Shevchenko, A. A., V. G. Manuilenko, M. M. Onatska, and V. P. Filіchenko. "Geoinformation Exploration and Comparison of Computer Processing Processes of the Forestry of Ukraine." Metrology and instruments, no. 6 (January 11, 2020): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33955/2307-2180(6)2019.61-66.
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The main problems of forestry are considered in the article taking into account the current normative documents of Ukraine and developments of Ukrainian scientists. The period of forestry production is the longest of all known productions: 60-100 and more years. The total forest area of the forest fund of Ukraine is 10.4 million hectares, including the forest cover — 9.6 million hectares. The forested area of Ukraine is 15.9%. The stock of wood in forests is estimated at 2.1 billion m3. The total annual increase in the stock of timber reaches 35 million m3. Forests grow in different natural areas (Polissia, Forest-steppe, Steppe, Ukrainian Carpathians, and Mountain Crimea) and have differences in forest conditions. The forests are concentrated mainly in Polissia and the Carpathians. Afforestation in various natural zones varies from 3.7% in Zaporizhzhya to 51.4% in the Transcarpathian regions and does not reach a scientifically justified optimal level. Almost half of the forests have limited use, which does not contribute to the efficient use of forest resources.By means of which it is possible to solve the issues of collection, processing, control and document management in this field. Today, scientists and workers face a rather difficult task. In the short term, you need to create, implement in the industry, fill in archival data, learn how to use, maintain in working condition, implement updates in accordance with new laws and regulations, and update data. Today, several work programs have been developed that are in the process of being put into production. Comparative analysis of existing programs is presented in more detail and data on their implementation are given. UkrNILILA organized a joint Ukrainian-Czech project, TechInLis4, which implemented the use of a program-based system for collecting inventory of Field Map forests developed by the Institute of Forest Ecosystems Research (IFER, Czech Republic), which is based on a powerful database server, includes automated workplaces (ARMs) for specialists from all divisions and levels of the forestry industry and ozhlyvosti for the rapid exchange of data between entities. Such a system is the State Forests of Ukraine Information System (DIS). Also, the GIS — Lisproject software complex and 1C software product: Enterprise Forestry Management were considered. Given the unique combination of natural and socio-economic components in forestry, as well as a long period of forestry production, the overall objective of the program is to ensure a balanced development of forestry aimed at strengthening the environmental, social and economic functions of Ukrainian forests.
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Tajuddin, Tajuddin. "The Importance of "Business Management" in Social Forestry Development in Production Forest." Buletin Eboni 2, no. 1 (December 14, 2020): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.20886/buleboni.5701.
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The social forestry program which aims to improve the condition of forests and the welfare of the community is a solution in forest governance in Indonesia. However, implementation of social forestry in the field still shows very low performance both qualitatively and quantitatively. Therefore, a transition to a more holistic social forestry management concept is needed, which can be pursued through the implementation of the main social forestry development strategies which include: area management, institutional management and business management. As one of the pillars in the strategy of developing social forestry, business management determines the impact of social forestry activities on improving the welfare of the community. This article aims to present the design of the activities which is needed in establishing business management on social forestry permit schemes in production forests. Analysis of the policy content and the implementation of social forestry programs using interview methods and field observations were presented in both qualitatively and descriptively. We found that, the various activities are business partnerships with corporation or Forest Management Unit, greater authority for communities to harvest forest products, simpler forest product administration regulations, incentives for processing forest products, and ease in obtaining capital support.
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Bratkovich, Stephen M., Donald W. Floyd, and Larry E. Miller. "Forestry-Related Educational Needs of Innovative Ohio Sawmill Operators." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 13, no. 3 (September 1, 1996): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/13.3.135.
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Abstract Thirty-two innovative Ohio sawmill operators were surveyed to assess perceived "job importance" and their "current knowledge" of 67 job-related skills divided into 6 subject areas. The discrepancy or gap between importance and knowledge scores was used to compute perceived educational need scores for the skills, 21 of which are highlighted in this paper. Although the subject area of "sawmill production" was ranked first by sawmill operators in both importance and knowledge, the areas of "environmental awareness" and "forest product marketing" had the highest perceived educational need. Seventy-five percent of the forests-related skills received "high" importance scores; however, with the exception of "maintaining an adequate log supply," forestry-related skills ranked in or near the bottom-half of all skills in perceived educational need. Sawmillers rated their knowledge of forestry-related skills such as "understanding the benefits of TSI" higher than their knowledge level of skills such as "exporting lumber" and "developing new wood products." Recommendations are given for field foresters to assist them in initiating a meaningful dialogue with sawmill operators to help bridge the often-encountered communication gap between sawmiller, forester, and NIPF landowner. North. J. Appl. For. 13(3):135-139.
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Gagarin, Yu N. "RESPONSE TO REVIEW A.YU. FRANCUZOV TO ARTICLE “THE CONCEPT OF THE DRAFT FEDERAL LAW” FOREST CODE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION “." FOREST SCIENCE ISSUES 3, no. 3 (December 2, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.31509/2658-607x-2020-3-3r-1-5.
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The article discusses the issues of the economic organization of forestry and proposals for its transformation from the sphere of budgetary services to the branch of material production, based on the international practice of profitable forestry without its integration with the timber processing industry. We have given a brief description of the low investment attractiveness of forestry production due to its long-term nature, which requires a special source of funding, and also described the advantages of state forestry organizations in terms of state ownership of forests over private forest use, burdened with forest reproduction activities (forest lease). The paper presents the general provisions of the forest management model based on the licensed right to conduct forestry by legal entities and individual entrepreneurs in state forests.
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Borovskaya, M. "FINANCING THE COSTS OF FORESTRY PRODUCTION: CURRENT STATUS AND WAYS OF DEVELOPMENT." Vestnik of Polotsk State University. Part D. Economic and legal sciences, no. 13 (December 1, 2021): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.52928/2070-1632-2021-58-13-8-15.
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The article analyzes the state of existing forms of financing of modern forestry, considers the procedure for financing activities for forestry and hunting by forestry institutions. It is emphasized that the existing procedure for financing and spending funds does not provide for the commensuration of rental income from the sale of finished products and the tax value of standing timber, does not determine the content of relations in general between forestry and timber industry.In order to strengthen financing of forestry production and forestry costs, it is proposed to change the institutional structure of functioning and to focus efforts on financing forestry activities in production forestry associations. It is also proposed that payments for forest resources, as the main item of forest income, be determined on the basis of a rent approach, taking into account supply and demand. The proposed measures will allow to strengthen the relationship between the economic interests of the two types of activities within the framework of a single organization and at the same time to strengthen the financial basis for the implementation of the main goal of forestry - to increase the productivity and sustainability of forests as an important structural element of the country's national wealth.
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SAKURAI, TAKESHI, SANTOSH RAYAMAJHI, RIDISH K. POKHAREL, and KEIJIRO OTSUKA. "Efficiency of timber production in community and private forestry in Nepal." Environment and Development Economics 9, no. 4 (August 2004): 539–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x04001457.
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This study compares the management performance of timber production among three management systems in Nepal: private forestry, community forestry with collective management, and community forestry with centralized management. While collective management relies entirely on community labor for the whole management, centralized management uses community labor for the protection of forests and hired labor for silvicultural operations, for example weeding, pruning, and thinning. We found that collective community management is less costly for the protection of planted trees but allocates less labor for the management of trees than private management. We also found that centralized management of natural forests leads to higher revenue and profit than collective management. These findings support the hypothesis that, while collective management is more efficient than private management for the protection of trees due to effective mutual supervision, profit-seeking private management or centralized management is more efficient than collective management for silvicultural operations due to superior work incentives. This study, however, failed to compare efficiency of private and centralized management.
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Landau, Kurt. "Ergonomics in Agriculture, Forestry and Food Production." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 22 (July 2000): 603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004402228.
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In five sessions researchers from thirteen different countries present reports on musculoskeletal disorders, quality of working life, occupational safety and health and hand tools used in agriculture. The new IEA/ILO Handbook on Ergonomics in Agriculture is presented.
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Ribot, Jesse C. "Forestry policy and charcoal production in Senegal." Energy Policy 21, no. 5 (May 1993): 559–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-4215(93)90041-d.
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Jacobson, Michael, and Daniel Ciolkosz. "Plantation forestry and pellet production in Kenya." Biomass and Bioenergy 135 (April 2020): 105519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2020.105519.
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Cruz, Luis, Pedro Ramos, Eduardo Barata, and João-Pedro Ferreira. "The forestry products value chain and the costs of reshaping it: Multi-regional impacts of shrinking the pulp and paper industries in Portugal." Investigaciones Regionales - Journal of Regional Research 51 (November 9, 2021): 149–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.38191/iirr-jorr.21.023.
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Forestry industry macroeconomic assessments typically concentrate on the production, harvesting, and earliest processing of wood products, underestimating the full range of forests impacts in regional economies.
This work proposes a broader concept – forestry products value chain – that ponders the contribution of the downstream activities relying (directly and indirectly) on Silviculture and Forestry products.
The paper adopts a methodology based on a Multi-Regional Input-Output framework. We apply this approach to the Portuguese economy. Results clarify the role of eucalyptus in “Pulp”, “Paper and Cardboard” and “Paper and Cardboard Articles”. Finally, the projected wider macroeconomic consequences from a reduction of these productions is evaluated.
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Binkley, Clark S., and Susan B. Watts. "The status of and recent trends in forest sector research in British Columbia." Forestry Chronicle 75, no. 4 (August 1, 1999): 607–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc75607-4.
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In the decade between 1988 and 1998, expenditures on forest sector research in British Columbia have increased substantially in absolute terms but have fallen in relation to the scale of the province's forestry enterprise. These aggregate trends mask important shifts in funding sources and in the specific fields of research that have been supported. The crown corporation Forest Renewal BC has emerged as the dominant source of support for forestry research, clearly displacing appropriated funds with-in the B.C. Ministry of Forests. As a result of falling stumpage fees and changes in forest policy, this source of support is now declining and the long-term security of the Forest Renewal BC research program is in question. At present, expenditures on forestry research are more or less consistent with expenditures on forestry research in other advanced forested jurisdictions, but the anticipated decline in Forest Renewal BC research support belies this otherwise favourable finding. Expenditures on forest products research in the province have not matched their counterparts elsewhere in the world, and recently have declined precipitously. Forestry – forest conservation, management, products and production processes – is becoming ever more complex. Research activity in the province does not appear adequate to sustain the flow of economic and ecological wealth from forests that British Columbians have always enjoyed and have come to expect.
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Felton, Adam, Therese Löfroth, Per Angelstam, Lena Gustafsson, Joakim Hjältén, Annika M. Felton, Per Simonsson, et al. "Keeping pace with forestry: Multi-scale conservation in a changing production forest matrix." Ambio 49, no. 5 (September 16, 2019): 1050–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13280-019-01248-0.
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Abstract The multi-scale approach to conserving forest biodiversity has been used in Sweden since the 1980s, a period defined by increased reserve area and conservation actions within production forests. However, two thousand forest-associated species remain on Sweden’s red-list, and Sweden’s 2020 goals for sustainable forests are not being met. We argue that ongoing changes in the production forest matrix require more consideration, and that multi-scale conservation must be adapted to, and integrated with, production forest development. To make this case, we summarize trends in habitat provision by Sweden’s protected and production forests, and the variety of ways silviculture can affect biodiversity. We discuss how different forestry trajectories affect the type and extent of conservation approaches needed to secure biodiversity, and suggest leverage points for aiding the adoption of diversified silviculture. Sweden’s long-term experience with multi-scale conservation and intensive forestry provides insights for other countries trying to conserve species within production landscapes.
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Lõhmus, Piret, and Asko Lõhmus. "The Potential of Production Forests for Sustaining Lichen Diversity: A Perspective on Sustainable Forest Management." Forests 10, no. 12 (November 22, 2019): 1063. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10121063.
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There is a critical gap in our knowledge about sustainable forest management in order to maintain biodiversity with respect to allocating conservation efforts between production forests and set-asides. Field studies on this question are notably scarce on species-rich, poorly detectable taxon groups. On the basis of forest lichen surveys in Estonia, we assessed the following: (i) how much production stands contribute to maintaining the full species pool and (ii) how forest habitat conditions affect this contribution for habitat specialist species. The field material was collected in a “semi-natural forestry” system, which mitigates negative environmental impacts of even-aged forestry and forestry drainage by frequently using natural regeneration, tree retention, and low intensity of thinnings. We performed standard-effort surveys of full assemblages of lichens and allied fungi (such as non-lichenized calicioid and lichenicolous fungi) and measured stand structure in 127 2 ha plots, in mainland Estonia. The plots represented four management stages (old growth, mature preharvest forests, clear-cut sites with retention trees, and clear-cut sites without retention trees). The 369 recorded species represent an estimated 70% of the full species pool studied. Our main finding was that production forests supported over 80% of recorded species, but only one-third appears tolerant of management intensification. The landscape-scale potential of production forests through biodiversity-friendly silviculture is approximately twice as high as the number of tolerant species and, additionally, many very rare species depend on setting aside their scattered localities. The potential is much smaller at the scale of individual stands. The scale effect emerges because multiple stands contribute different sets of sensitive and infrequent species. When the full potential of production forests is realized, the role of reserves is to protect specific old-growth dependent taxa (15% to 20% of the species pool). Our study highlights that production forests form a heterogeneous and dynamic target for addressing the biodiversity conservation principle of sustainable forest management.
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W. Norton, Tony, and Neil D. Mitchell. "Towards the sustainable management of southern temperate forest ecosystems: lessons from Australia and New Zealand." Pacific Conservation Biology 1, no. 4 (1994): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc940293.
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The temperate forest ecosystems of Australia and New Zealand have had a similar history of exploitation and destruction since European settlement. This differed markedly from the previous use of these forests by indigenous peoples. Australian Aborigines are considered to have used the forests on a sustainable basis. Fire was the primary management tool and probably had its greatest effect on floristic composition and structure. The Maori of New Zealand initially cleared substantial areas of forest, but by the time of European settlement they appear to have been approaching sustainable management of the remainder. In both countries, the arrival of Europeans disrupted sustainability and significantly changed the evolutionary history of the forests and their biota. The exploitation and destruction of temperate forests by Europeans in both countries has been driven largely by agricultural and forestry activities, based around settlement and export industries. The Australian continent never had substantial forest cover but this has been reduced by more than half in just 200 years. New Zealand has suffered a similar overall level of further loss; although in the lowlands this can reach 95 per cent. In recent times, forest production and management policies in the two countries have diverged. In both countries the majority of remaining indigenous forests are on publicly-owned land. Australia still maintains indigenous forest production as an industry exploiting old growth forests, the management being split between an emphasis on production forestry and nature conservation. New Zealand has largely abandoned indigenous forestry on public lands, the management being vested in a single conservation department. In New Zealand the production emphasis has mostly moved to sustainable plantation forestry, whereas in Australia, despite recommendations to halt or markedly reduce old growth forest logging, the transition to primary dependence on plantation production has yet to occur.
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Slamet, Bejo, and Arif Nuryawan. "Editorial of the First Edition Journal of Sylva Indonesiana." Journal of Sylva Indonesiana 1, no. 1 (September 7, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jsi.v1i1.421.
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This editorial is an opening remark of the first edition Journal of Sylva Indonesiana (JSI) containing the growth and development of the journal managed by Faculty of Forestry Universitas Sumatera Utara (“Fahutan USU”). In the first stage, “Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian Kultura” published by Faculty of Agriculture USU has been targeted by faculty member of “Fahutan USU” for dissemination of their research results. This journal has been accredited by Directorate General of Higher Education in 2003 consequently its scope become specific, forestry science did not include therein. Hence, at that time, Program Study of Forestry Science under management of Faculty of Agriculture USU initiated the issuing of Peronema Forestry Science Journal in 2005 in order to accommodate scope of forestry science. Unfortunately the service and production of this journal become stagnant because most of the editorial staff pursued higher education in outside Medan city and the funding for publishing and printing vanished. In 2012, with the new spirit, Program of Forestry Science re-issued the new journal called “Foresta” Indonesian Journal of Forestry. It was a pity, the production process of this journal discontinued regarding to no submission of the manuscripts. All of the research results of undergraduate students of Program Study of Forestry Science have been uploaded into Peronema Forestry Science Journal in online version since 2014. In connection with establishment of organization structure of Faculty of Forestry completely, the publishing of JSI has been started in 2018 even though the editorial works of this journal has been begin since 2017, comprise call of paper, blind-review process, correspondence with the authors, layout and editing, including upload in the journal website. Supply of the manuscripts is provided not only from undergraduate research results of Faculty of Forestry’s students but also from the outside. With the commitment of the funding from the Faculty of Forestry USU, hopefully JSI can reach the target as the national accredited journal and it can achieve the status to be a reputation journal in the field of forestry in the future.
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Peltomaa, Elina, Mari Könönen, Marjo Palviainen, Annamari (Ari) Laurén, Xudan Zhu, Niko Kinnunen, Heidi Aaltonen, Anne Ojala, and Jukka Pumpanen. "Impact of Forest Harvesting Intensity and Water Table on Biodegradability of Dissolved Organic Carbon in Boreal Peat in an Incubation Experiment." Forests 13, no. 4 (April 11, 2022): 599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13040599.
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Boreal peatlands are vast carbon (C) stores but also major sources of dissolved organic C (DOC) and nutrients to surface waters. Drainage and forest harvesting accelerates DOC leaching. Continuous cover forestry (CCF) is considered to cause fewer adverse environmental effects. Yet, the effects of CCF on DOC processes are unrecognised. We study DOC production and quality in unharvested, CCF, and clear-cut drained peatland forests and in a non-forested alluvial sedge fen. Parallel replicate peat columns with ground vegetation are collected from the uppermost 50 cm at each site, and the water table (WT) is set to −20 or −40 cm depths on the columns. During the eight-month ex situ incubation experiment, the soil water samples are extracted monthly or bi-monthly. The samples are incubated at 15 °C for multiple 72 h incubation cycles to study pore water quality and biodegradation of DOC. The CO2 production occurs during the first three days. The DOC concentrations and the CO2 release per volume of water are significantly lower in the sedge fen than in the drained peatland forests. The WT has a negligible effect on DOC concentrations and no effect on DOC quality, but the higher WT has generally higher CO2 production per DOC than the lower WT. The results suggest that peat in the drained peatlands is not vulnerable to changes per se but that forest management alters biotic and abiotic factors that control the production, transport, and biodegradation of DOC.
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SOULÈRES, G. "Production potentielle et production constatée en populiculture." Revue Forestière Française, no. 3 (1992): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/2042/26324.
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MOFFAT, A. J. "Nursery Sterilization and Inoculation Regimes for Alder Production." Forestry 67, no. 4 (1994): 313–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestry/67.4.313.
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Högbom, Lars, Dalia Abbas, Kęstutis Armolaitis, Endijs Baders, Martyn Futter, Aris Jansons, Kalev Jõgiste, et al. "Trilemma of Nordic–Baltic Forestry—How to Implement UN Sustainable Development Goals." Sustainability 13, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 5643. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13105643.
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Forests are the dominant land cover in Nordic–Baltic countries, and forestry, the management of forests for improved ecosystem-service (ES) delivery, is an important contributor to sustainability. Forests and forestry support multiple United Nations Sustainability Goals (UN SDGs) and a number of EU policies, and can address conflicting environmental goals. Forests provide multiple ecosystem services and natural solutions, including wood and fibre production, food, clear and clean water and air, animal and plant habitats, soil formation, aesthetics, and cultural and social services. Carbon sequestered by growing trees is a key factor in the envisaged transition from a fossil-based to a biobased economy. Here, we highlight the possibilities of forest-based solutions to mitigate current and emerging societal challenges. We discuss forestry effects on forest ecosystems, focusing on the optimisation of ES delivery and the fulfilment of UN SDGs while counteracting unwanted effects. In particular, we highlight the trilemma of (i) increasing wood production to substitute raw fossil materials, (ii) increasing forest carbon storage capacity, and (iii) improving forest biodiversity and other ES delivery.
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Price, Colin. "The Allowable Burn Effect: Does Carbon-fixing offer a New Escape from the Bogey of Compound Interest?" Forestry Chronicle 66, no. 6 (December 1, 1990): 572–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc66572-6.
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Forestry's long production period entails compound interest, often making investments unprofitable. Several plausible but dubious arguments purport to excuse forestry from bearing compound interest: the existence of externalities, the invalidity of social discounting, the ability of previous revenues to bear replanting costs. The so-called "allowable cut effect" permits comparison of improvement expenditures with immediate yield. In a somewhat similar way, planting forests to absorb carbon dioxide permits almost-immediate burning of fossil fuel, a benefit offering simple interest on the planting costs. Such carbon-fixing plantations appear to be economic even when it is uneconomic to plant for fuelwood production. In one case study, the unit cost of growing wood for burning was £356 per tonne coal equivalent, while the cost of carbon fixing was only £76 per tonne of coal burned. The economic acceptability of such planting is not, however, established: particularly, fossil fuel burning may have other malign effects.
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Sushkov, Sergey, and Mihail Solopanov. "Need то automate freight management processes forestry production." Актуальные направления научных исследований XXI века: теория и практика 2, no. 3 (October 15, 2014): 186–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/3952.
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Dupelich, V. "Tendencies and prospects of development of forestry in Lviv Region." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography 1, no. 40 (December 12, 2012): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2012.40.2049.
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General description of the forests is given according the categories, the dynamics of production of goods of forestry volumes, dynamics of areas of deck-houses and areas of renewal, and also dynamics of areas of development of illnesses and wreckers of the forest, areas of defence of the forest, is reflected from illnesses and wreckers. Investment and external economic activity of forestry of Lviv Region is analysed. Main recommendations on the improvement of situation in forestry of the Lviv Region are given. Key words: forest complex, forestry, basic forest breed.
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Pasalodos-Tato, Maria, Iciar Alberdi, Isabel Cañellas, and Mariola Sánchez-González. "Towards assessment of cork production through National Forest Inventories." Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research 91, no. 1 (October 3, 2017): 110–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpx036.
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Yaremko, O. "Formation and improvement f organizational and economic bases of forestry production in state forestry in Ukraine and Podillia region." Balanced nature using, no. 2 (May 20, 2021): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33730/2310-4678.2.2021.237989.
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Some issues on the historical formation of Podillia region of modern Ukraine and the formation of forestry in it are covered. It practically begins and acquires social meaning in the second half of the twentieth century. This means the use of land provided to economic entities (forestries) for growing wood as their main forestry product. The same applies to the cultivation and sale of natural resources related to forestry, secondary forest materials, services of various contents, etc. It is highlighted that the Forest Code of Ukraine has cunningly replaced the object of labor and use of the natural resource «Earth» with forest resources. The issues are somewhat complicated by the use of tax indicators and forms of their analysis and publication without their adaptation to the UN-ECE / FAO Standard Statistical Classification of Land Use and without the necessary grouping by forest and environmental components. The Government of Ukraine approves the Resolution «On Approval of the Procedure for Division of Forests into Categories and Allocation of Specially Protected Forest Areas», which does not bring national forest legislation closer to it. In this way, the further growth of non-timber forest lands at least 3 times or more in comparison with the leading European countries was legitimized. The necessity of improving the content of the current Forest Code of Ukraine, as well as finalization and updating of the Instruction on forest management in the state forestry of Ukraine is proved. The availability of statistical and reporting information on the state of forests of the State Forest Agency of Ukraine for state-owned enterprises of the past allows to update the relevant reporting indicators while adapting them to the norms of European forestry. The proposed measures are aimed at improving forest legislation, as well as the formation of measures in the practical activities of forest management and the work of managers using its materials in forestry.
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Robertson, A. "Teleforestry: Utilizing Television." Forestry Chronicle 62, no. 6 (December 1, 1986): 542–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc62542-6.
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Whether justified or not foresters are being criticized for inadequate and inappropriate forest management strategies. To address these criticisms and foster strong political and economic support for forestry a process called Teleforestry has been developed by a working party of the International Union of Societies of Foresters.In recognizing the tremendous impact that the television medium has on public opinion and for technology transfer, Teleforestry was designed as a dual process for developing television awareness among foresters and forestry awareness among television broadcasters.This article gives a brief introduction to the television news medium and some guidelines on how foresters can gain access to it and use it effectively. The potential of other aspects of television is discussed including drama, documentary drama and educational television. A plan for a World Teleforestry Conference, as a major media event, is outlined, including video teleconferencing, production of a forestry documentary, a forestry television awards festival, and supporting promotions and publications.
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Mather, A. S. "Forests of Consumption: Postproductivism, Postmaterialism, and the Postindustrial Forest." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 19, no. 2 (April 2001): 249–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c9914j.
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Symptoms of postproductivism are more clearly developed in forestry than in agriculture, but they have attracted less attention. The ‘postindustrial’ forest, in which the emphasis placed on timber production is reduced relative to that placed on environmental services (such as biodiversity and recreation), epitomises the character of postproductive forestry. In many parts of the industrialised world, forests have essentially become places of consumption (of amenity, recreation, and wildlife observation) by a largely urban population, rather than places of production (of timber) for a largely urban population. Changing forestry and forest policy in Britain, mainland Europe, and North America are reviewed in the light of a trend towards postproductivism, and some of the causal factors underlying this trend are explored.
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Wu, Chuping, Bo Jiang, Weigao Yuan, Aihua Shen, Shuzhen Yang, Shenhao Yao, and Jiajia Liu. "On the Management of Large-Diameter Trees in China’s Forests." Forests 11, no. 1 (January 16, 2020): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11010111.
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Large-diameter trees have mainly been used for timber production in forestry practices. Recently, their critical roles played in biodiversity conservation and maintenance of ecosystem functions have been recognized. However, current forestry policy on the management of large-diameter trees is weak. As China is the biggest consumer of large-diameter timbers, how to maintain sustainable large-diameter timber resources as well as maximize ecological functions of the forests is a critical question to address. Here we summarize historical uses, distribution patterns, and management strategies of large-diameter trees in China. We found that large-diameter trees are mainly distributed in old-growth forests. Although China’s forest cover has increased rapidly in the past decades, large-diameter trees are rarely found in plantation forests and secondary forests. We suggest that knowledge of large-diameter trees should be widely disseminated in local forestry departments, especially their irreplaceable value in terms of biodiversity conservation and ecosystem functions. Protection of large-diameter trees, especially those in old-growth forests, is critical for sustainable forestry. To meet the increasing demand of large-diameter timbers, plantation forests and secondary forests should apply forest density management with thinning to cultivate more large-diameter trees.
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Buttoud, Gérard. "La politique forestière française, du rapport Bianco à la loi de juillet 2001 | Forestry politics in France: from the Bianco report to the law of July 2001." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 153, no. 8 (August 1, 2002): 314–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2002.0314.
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As in a number of other European countries, forestry policies in France have recently been adapted to meet new guidelines put into place by international debate on the durable management of forests, a debate which not only changed public perceptions but also the principles and mode of public decision-making. From the production of the Bianco Report up to the final vote on the adoption of the law on 9th July 2001, this reform took about 5 years. The mode of financing the forestry sector changed completely after the demise of the national forestry fund. The monitoring and evaluation of durable forest management has passed to the state under the outlines of PEFC (Pan European Forest Certification). At the same time,other structural reorganisations are underway in both public and private forests. Despite a high measure of semantic grooming, the new legislative and institutional framework in France reaffirms – to the detriment of a global solution to the demands of recreation and environmental – the fundamental importance of national wood production industries.
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Vančura, K. " National Forestry Programme of the Czech Republic in brief." Journal of Forest Science 50, No. 11 (January 11, 2012): 500–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4646-jfs.
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The basic principle from which the Czech National Forestry Programme proceeds is the management of forests in a permanently sustainable manner whilst limiting the administrative interference of the state to the unavoidable minimum under the circumstances of the motivating operation of state forestry policy for the support of public interests and whilst increasing the responsibility of forest owners for their property. The National Forestry Programme is supposed to be an interdepartmental and intersectoral programme respecting not only the needs for the branch development of forest management, but also emphasising the place of forests in the environment and landscape creation, non-production functions of forests, the importance of the forest as a renewable source of ecologically advantageous raw material and the significance of the use and processing of wood for the economy of the country and thus for the society as such. The first idea of National Forestry Programme has been presented in 1993. The current version of the Programme has been conceived for the period 2003–2006. In addition to the basic information about the current state of forests and forestry management in the Czech Republic, it contains chapters with themes focussing on forestry problem issues.
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Kuksova, Irina. "PROMISING AREAS OF SUPPORT FOR FORESTRY IN THE VORONEZH REGION." Actual directions of scientific researches of the XXI century: theory and practice 8, no. 4 (January 31, 2021): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/2308-8877-2021-8-4-141-149.
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The document presents promising forest support areas in the Voronezh region. Forests play a vital role in the national economy and play a key role in ensuring social and economic well-being in the Voronezh region, where forestry production accounts for about 10 percent of the total industrial area. Sustainable land use planning and forestry production are an important part of planning. Reasonable use of forest resources, conservation, conservation and development, as well as environmental protection - establishment, security, hygiene and sanitation, health support and other services forestry - a matter of constant concern for forests, timber dealers and local authorities. The analysis of several images allows us to reach conclusions about the non-use of forest resources in the area, confirmed by the information presented in the text on the importance of forest management in the immediate area. Identifying the causes of the current situation and the potential for its development, the article summarizes the challenges facing the forestry industry, as well as the benefits that can be used to promote this sector of the regional economy. The decisions are based on system analysis and technical analysis.
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Kantor, P., and R. Mareš. "Production potential of Douglas fir in acid sites of Hůrky Training Forest District, Secondary Forestry School in Písek." Journal of Forest Science 55, No. 7 (June 22, 2009): 312–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2/2009-jfs.
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The study is a follow-up of the production potential of Douglas fir in mesotrophic sites of the Křtiny Training Forest Enterprise (TFE) (Journal of Forest Science, No. 7, 2008). Production parameters (height, dbh, volume) of Douglas fir are also evaluated, but in acid sites of the Hůrky Training Forest District, Secondary Forestry School in Písek in mature stands. In total, 17 mixed stands with the proportion of Douglas fir aged 88 to 121 years were assessed. Comparing 10 Douglas fir trees with 10 Norway spruce, Scots pine or European larch trees of the largest volume, higher and generally markedly higher production potential of the introduced Douglas fir was always found in all assessed stands. Groups where the volume of Douglas fir trees was two to three times higher than the volume of spruce, pine or larch were not an exception. For example, in stand 22B10, the mean volume of the 10 largest Douglas fir trees was 6.30 m<sup>3</sup> but the volume of spruce trees was only 1.93 m<sup>3</sup> and the volume of larch trees 2.25 m<sup>3</sup>. Differences between the mensurational parameters of Douglas fir and spruce (or larch) assessed by the ANOVA test were statistically highly significant. At present (based on annual ring analyses), the volume increment of particular Douglas fir trees ranges at level of 0.06 to 0.10 m<sup>3</sup>/year (i.e. about 0.6 m<sup>3</sup> to 1.0 m<sup>3</sup> per 10 years) in mature stands.
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Cameron, A. "Managing birch woodlands for the production of quality timber." Forestry 69, no. 4 (April 1, 1996): 357–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestry/69.4.357.
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Heimo, Claude René. "Removing Natural Forest From Timber Production: A New Challenge for the Development of Forest Industries in China." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 151, no. 9 (September 1, 2000): 341–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2000.0341.
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In spite of its impressive reforestation record which ranks China first in the world, China's forestry development program is still far from meeting the country's national economic and social development needs. With a total forest area of about 134 million hectares and a standing volume of 11.8 billion cubic meters, total forest resources are insufficient, and the natural forest resources available for harvesting are almost exhausted. Furthermore, forest management is too extensive and forest infrastructure development inadequate to meet the needs of modern forestry development. The heavy tax burden and complexity of the tax system remain major impediments to the full participation of farmers in sustainable forestry development and forest conservation activities. Property rights issues continue to be problematic as farmers are still uncomfortable with the often inconsistent and volatile policy changes. Furthermore, the structure, scale and pattern of forest industries are somewhat irrational, and enterprises still depend upon state support and are requested to take on heavy social burdens. The secondary and tertiary forest industries are seriously stagnant with low levels of processing efficiency. All these factors have seriously damaged the structure and ecological functions of natural forests. Over the last 50 years,China's ecological environment has deteriorated at high speed and ecological disasters have occurred more frequently as all over China, the ability of forests to prevent erosion and conserve water has greatly decreased. Prompted by the floods in the reaches of the Yangtze River in August 1998, the Chinese goverment now clearly recognizes the importance of protecting natural forests. The reduction of natural forest resources and the deterioration of the ecological environment in the major watersheds are now both restricting the country's social and economic development. Consequently, conserving natural forests, banning the harvesting of natural forests in the upper and middle reaches of the main rivers, afforesting mountains and returning converted forestland to forestry are now listed as priorities for the government which launched the Natural Forest Conservation Program (NFCP), and as urgent tasks for the forest sector. However, in a country with a population of 1.3 billion,improving the eco-environment and resolving the disparity between conservation and development will not be an easy task. Due to the implementation of the NFCP, China's timber supply deficit is expected to increase from 5 million m3 in 1997 to about 25 million m3 in 2003, thus further affecting domestic wood-processing enterprises as well as the availability of fuelwood and non-timber forest products in areas already prone to poverty. As a result, many State-owned forest enterprises may not survive in a competitive environment, which will be further boosted by trade liberalization induced by China's admission to the WTO. The current shortage of timber alongside further trade liberalization measures should, however, provide a competitive opportunity for those enterprises investing in technologies which make use of the wood waste and engineered wood products that reduce the dependency on timber from natural forests. As a result, more research is needed to reshape China's forest product industry. It is essential to assess the conditions under which sustainable forestry, in tandem with adequate management and good business practices, can contribute to both the competitiveness of state forest enterprises and environmental conservation through lower production costs, product enhancement, environmental accountability (ethical standards),business redefinition and the ability to ensure longterm reliable, high quality sources of wood.
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Фурдичко, О. І., and О. П. Яремко. "NEW ASPECTS OF FORESTRY FOR FORESTRY PRODUCTION IN THE EXAMPLE OF THE DIVISION ECONOMIC REGION." Balanced nature using, no. 3 (December 28, 2019): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33730/2310-4678.3.2019.185878.
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Lindkvist, A., E. Mineur, A. Nordlund, C. Nordlund, O. Olsson, C. Sandström, K. Westin, and E. C. H. Keskitalo. "Attitudes on intensive forestry. An investigation into perceptions of increased production requirements in Swedish forestry." Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 27, no. 5 (July 2012): 438–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02827581.2011.645867.
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Métraux, Jean-François. "La politique forestière vaudoise: une orientation résolument «patrimoine multifonctionnel» | Forestry policy in the canton of Vaud: the “multifunctional heritage” option." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 162, no. 7 (July 1, 2011): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2011.0209.
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In the years since 2000, the authorities in charge of forests in canton Vaud have made some substantial changes as a reaction to the political decisions arising from the Swiss Forest Programme and the projected revision of the Federal forestry Law, as well as to the deterioration of the economic situation in forestry enterprises. This article gives a survey of the directions taken. Thus the canton recognises the primordial role of wood production as a driving force behind the creation of a multifunctional forest. The Service for Forests, Wildlife and Nature has invested a great deal in planning, and has redefined the management plan to be an instrument intended for forest owners and forest managers. The canton has innovated by introducing forestry groups and a scheme of equalisation of forestry costs between communes. Hence the conception of forestry management in canton Vaud is resolutely that of a multifunctional natural heritage.
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Wen, Yaping, Liangming Feng, and Weiping Liu. "Behavioral Ability and Division of Forestry Production of Households——Data From Fujian Province in China." E3S Web of Conferences 214 (2020): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021401009.
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Division of labor can increase labor productivity. Compared with the division of agricultural production, the division of forestry production has a typical positive externality. It is more scientific to study the division of labor in forestry production. Under the “Three Powers Separated” structure, the behavioral capacity of farmers has an important influence on the division of forestry production. This paper uses the survey data of farmers in Fujian Province to analyze the farmer’s forestry production division of labor behavior from three perspectives of the behavioral ability, the transaction ability and the disposal ability. The results show that the variable of “the contracting right is more important than the management right” in the measure exclusive ability and the difficulty in obtaining transaction information on forestlands to measure the trading capacity, both positively affects farmers’ participation in the division of forestry production. Meanwhile, whether has changed the use of forestlands negatively influences the division of the forestry production. This not only enriches the research results of the forestry production division of labor theory, but also provides a new perspective for promoting the development of the forestry production division of farmers, and thus provides a new source for improving the efficiency of forestry management. It helps promote the connection between small farmers and the development of modern forestry.
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Csányi, S. "Moving toward coordinated management of timber and other resource uses in Hungarian forests." Forestry Chronicle 70, no. 5 (October 1, 1994): 555–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc70555-5.
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This paper presents the relationships and development of forestry and wildlife management in Hungary during the past 70 years. Current problems of coordination are rooted in the cardinal principle of Hungarian forestry that defines the purpose of forest management as "sustainable and increasing wood production", and regards recreational, educational, and wildlife management as secondary uses. Forestry and game management share several common elements such as educational and scientific underpinnings, direction and regulation, and planning systems. Nonetheless, poor coordination and profit-driven management have resulted in serious resource conflicts associated with extensive clearcutting, habitat destruction, diminished diversity in tree plantations, game damage to reforestation efforts, and other problems. Scientific and professional cooperation are necessary to create an ecologically-sound basis to coordinate resource uses and to harmonize the objectives of timber production, nature protection, and wildlife management in Hungarian forests.
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Ribe, Robert G., and Mollie Y. Matteson. "Views of Old Forestry and New Among Reference Groups in the Pacific Northwest." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 17, no. 4 (October 1, 2002): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/17.4.173.
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Abstract A public opinion survey was conducted in Washington and Oregon. It was not a representative poll sample but instead sampled groups of people favoring forest production, those favoring forest protection, and others not aligned with either of these viewpoints. There is strong consensus across groups regarding the unpopularity of established forestry methods and the need to regulate clearcutting. The weight of the sampled groups' opinions indicated that replanting and hiding clearcuts are not enough to make them acceptable, that New Forestry should not be practiced in old growth, and that foresters should attend more to wildlife. There was no clear weight of opinion that forest harvests be eliminated or clearcutting be banned. There was passionate distrust of foresters among many protectionists and nonaligned respondents, but most of the same people support New Forestry intentions. New Forestry offers a potentially more politically acceptable and stable basis for public forestry practice and policy. West. J. Appl. For. 17(4):173–182.
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Blaser, Jürgen. "Die Welt braucht Wald – braucht die Welt Forstwirtschaft? | The World Needs Forest – Does the World Need Forestry?" Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 151, no. 12 (December 1, 2000): 508–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2000.0508.
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This essay investigates in a provocative way of the question whether foresters and forestry are actually still necessary for forest tending and conservation. The first section briefly describes the various points of view on forest and forest management. The second section sets out the importance of the forest and its functions. The third section illustrates the insufficiencies of forestry, in particular the problematic issue of world-wide forest destruction which can be explained by a lack of values, poverty and increasing corruption. The fourth section points out the trends within forest development (certification,forest carbon trade, intensification of chemical pulp production and nature conservation), in which classical forestry occupies a rather passive than active role. Finally, the fifth section (‹Quo vadis, Forestry?›) consists of reflections on how forestry and the foresters could overcome the dilemma of passivity, in order to again occupy a leading role within forest development. It is important to expand the very narrow forestry circle and develop and realise a forest vision together with others.
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Wang, Guofeng, Jiancheng Chen, and Xiangzheng Deng. "Modelling Analysis of Forestry Input-Output Elasticity in China." International Journal of Forestry Research 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4970801.
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Based on an extended economic model and space econometrics, this essay analyzed the spatial distributions and interdependent relationships of the production of forestry in China; also the input-output elasticity of forestry production were calculated. Results figure out there exists significant spatial correlation in forestry production in China. Spatial distribution is mainly manifested as spatial agglomeration. The output elasticity of labor force is equal to 0.6649, and that of capital is equal to 0.8412. The contribution of land is significantly negative. Labor and capital are the main determinants for the province-level forestry production in China. Thus, research on the province-level forestry production should not ignore the spatial effect. The policy-making process should take into consideration the effects between provinces on the production of forestry. This study provides some scientific technical support for forestry production.
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Nieto Flores, Juan José, and Jozelin María Soto-Alarcón. "La producción forestal en el estado de Hidalgo de 2000-2016." Transformaciones Regionales en México a partir del Neoliberalismo 1, no. 3 (November 5, 2020): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.47386/2020v1n3a3.
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The paper analyses the forestry activity in Hidalgo, Mexico, drawing on legal framework, production and merchandizing values, and forestry threats from 2000 to 2016. Based on the analysis of dasotomy as theoretical framework forestry property are characterized: collective (ejidos), private and public. Timber use, volume and value of trade in timber and non-timber species; as well as phytosanitary threats are discussed, with data of the Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI), Procuraduría Federal de Protección al Ambiente (PROFEPA), Comisión Nacional Forestal (CONAFOR) and Secretaría del Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (SEMARNAT).
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KHATRI, DIL, KRISHNA SHRESTHA, HEMANT OJHA, GOVINDA PAUDEL, NAYA PAUDEL, and ADAM PAIN. "Reframing community forest governance for food security in Nepal." Environmental Conservation 44, no. 2 (October 17, 2016): 174–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892916000369.
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SUMMARYThe growing challenge of food insecurity in the Global South has called for new research on the contribution of forests to food security. However, even progressive forest management institutions such as Nepal's community forestry programme have failed to address this issue. We analyse Nepal's community forestry programme and find that forest policies and local institutional practices have historically evolved to regulate forests either as sources of timber or as a means of biodiversity conservation, disregarding food security outcomes for local people. Disciplinary divisions between forestry and the agriculture sector have limited the prospect of strengthening forest–food security linkages. We conclude that the policy and legislative framework and formal bureaucratic practices are influenced by ‘modern forestry science’, which led to community forestry rules and practices not considering the contribution of forests to food security. Furthermore, forestry science has a particularly narrow focus on timber production and conservation. We argue for the need to recognise the importance of local knowledge and community practices of using forests for food. We propose adaptive and transformational approaches to knowledge generation and the application of such knowledge in order to support institutional change and policy reform and to enable landscape-specific innovations in forest–food linkages.
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Dickinson, Yvette, Eric K. Zenner, and Douglas Miller. "Examining the effect of diverse management strategies on landscape scale patterns of forest structure in Pennsylvania using novel remote sensing techniques." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 44, no. 4 (April 2014): 301–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2013-0315.
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We used novel remote sensing techniques to compare the landscape-scale patterns of forest structure in Pennsylvania, USA under the management of four different agencies with varying primary objectives, including production forestry, wildlife habitat, recreation, and private ownership. We (i) developed a forest structure classification scheme using publicly available LiDAR and orthographic aerial imagery data, (ii) mapped the forest structure across twenty forested landscapes, and (iii) compared the landscape-scale forest structure patterns among the four forest management types. Our results indicate that different management philosophies and their associated forest management approaches have resulted in contrasting landscape-scale patterns of forest structure. Privately managed forests had shorter forests, higher densities of distinct patches, higher interspersion of patch types, and higher forest structure diversity at fine-scales (1.5 ha grain size) compared to forests lightly managed for recreation. Production forests under ecosystem management and forests managed for wildlife habitat exhibited intermediate patterns of forest structure. This variation in forest structure patterns among the forest managers is likely to have implications for wildlife habitat and other ecosystem services. Furthermore, greater emphasis is needed on encouraging private landowners to manage across property boundaries and providing the resources and tools to manage forests at the landscape scale.
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Le Heron, R. "The Internationalisation of New Zealand Forestry Companies and the Social Reappraisal of New Zealand's Exotic Forest Resource." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 20, no. 4 (April 1988): 489–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a200489.
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Industrial geographers are beginning to address country-specific changes in the wider setting of restructuring in the world economy. Developments in the New Zealand forestry sector are conceptualised as historically specific responses to structural processes, operating at global, national, and local scales. In this paper the changing state—economy relations associated with afforestation of exotic softwoods in New Zealand are examined, and forest utilisation issues are outlined. The emerging possibilities for the coordination of forestry production in New Zealand are also identified. Evidence is presented on the nature and degree of integration of ‘New Zealand’ private and state capital into the wood-fibre markets of the Pacific Rim. It is concluded that unprecedented restructuring in the 1980s by organisations, both private and public, engaged in New Zealand's forestry production has made the realisation of forest assets in New Zealand difficult, with significant implications for owners of forests and for labour dependent on various facets of exotic forestry.
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Soman, Harikrishnan, Anil Raj Kizha, Bethany Muñoz Delgado, Laura S. Kenefic, and Keith Kanoti. "Production economics: comparing hybrid tree-length with whole-tree harvesting methods." Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research 93, no. 3 (January 25, 2020): 389–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpz065.
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Abstract Felled trees with tops and branches are transported to the landing with a grapple skidder in conventional ground-based whole-tree (WT) harvesting. This method has greater potential to damage advance regeneration than those in which trees are processed at-stump. Hybrid tree-length (Hyb TL) harvesting using an stroke-boom delimber for in-woods processing might be a feasible alternative, but little is known about the production economics of this method. An experimental strip-cutting study was conducted in central Maine, US in the winter of 2018 to: (1) evaluate and compare operational productivity and costs of ground-based Hyb TL and WT methods; (2) identify factors influencing productivity of at-stump and at-landing log processing; and (3) calculate best management practice (BMP) implementation costs in WT harvesting. Time-motion data were recorded for operational phases such as felling, extraction, processing, sorting and loading; machine rates were calculated to determine productivity and costs of operations. Total cost of Hyb TL (US $17.01 m−3) was lower than that of WT ($18.38 m−3). Processing cost was lower at-stump than at-landing ($2.66 and $2.73 m−3 for Hyb TL and WT, respectively). This is likely due to fewer logs handled per cycle at-landing (1.2 logs per turn) compared to the number handled per cycle at-stump (1.4 logs per turn). Sensitivity analysis showed that a 30-m increase in average in-woods distance travelled by the delimber would result in a 41 per cent increase in the processing cost. Cost of BMP implementation in WT was $2.25 m−3 or $59.2 per productive machine hour. Results suggest that it is feasible to apply Hyb TL method in an industrial harvesting operation, though distance of in-woods delimber movement influences processing costs. Insights from this study will help forest managers and loggers efficiently plan and execute harvesting operations.
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Hilsendager, Kyle W., Howard W. Harshaw, and Robert A. Kozak. "Reducing the Impact of Forest Harvesting on the Vancouver Island Tourism Industry." Forestry Chronicle 92, no. 01 (January 2016): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2016-022.
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British Columbia forests have traditionally been managed for timber production. However, the increasing importance of nature-based tourism within the province means that forests also have significant value as a tourism resource. This can lead to conflicts between the forestry and tourism industries. This article examines tourism and forestry interests on Vancouver Island and discusses ways that forests could be managed to reduce negative impacts to the tourism industry. Eighteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with forestry and tourism industry professionals on Vancouver Island and elsewhere in British Columbia. Findings suggest that visual impacts associated with forestry can negatively impact tourism. It also appears that forestry receives a much higher priority than tourism when it comes to forest management, despite the vital importance of the tourism industry to the Vancouver Island economy. Displeasure over the lack of communication requirements between the forest industry and other stakeholders was also documented. The implementation of formal agreements between the two industries may potentially reduce conflicts between these two industries on Vancouver Island. Identification and special management of highly valuable tourism areas may also provide benefits to the Vancouver Island tourism industry.
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Pittman, Samuel D., B. Bruce Bare, and David G. Briggs. "Hierarchical production planning in forestry using price-directed decomposition." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 37, no. 10 (October 2007): 2010–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x07-026.
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Forest planning models have increased in size and complexity as planners address a growing array of economic, ecological, and societal issues. Hierarchical production models offer a means of better managing these large and complex models. Hierarchical production planning models decompose large models into a set of smaller linked models. For example, in this paper, a Lagrangian relaxation formulation and a modified Dantzig–Wolfe decomposition – column generation routine are used to solve a hierarchical forest planning model that maximizes the net present value of harvest incomes while recognizing specific geographical units that are subject to harvest flow and green-up constraints. This allows the planning model to consider forest-wide constraints such as harvest flow, as well as address separate subproblems for each contiguous management zone for which detailed spatial plans are computed. The approach taken in this paper is different from past approaches in forest hierarchical planning because we start with a single model and derive a hierarchical model that addresses integer subproblems using Dantzig–Wolfe decomposition. The decomposition approach is demonstrated by analyzing a set of randomly generated planning problems constructed from a large forest and land inventory data set.