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Journal articles on the topic 'Foresty'
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1
Zamzami, Lucky. "Kajian Dampak Sosial Terhadap Keberadaan Perusahaan HPH di Propinsi Sumatera Barat." Humanus 10, no. 1 (July 30, 2012): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jh.v10i1.458.
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This research purposed are to know social impact of foresty management done by HPH Company and influence to community around forest, conducted in Solok Selatan Regency, to know depended level of community to forest and nature resource as basic needs and specifying the target of change which wish to be reached and recommended the best approach for improving benefit of foresty management to community and also participated of community in the effort forest everlasting. This research use qualitatif method with observation, indepth interview and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Result of reseacrh show that the forest is very important for community as protected area from flood disaster and dryness and as wood source for cummunity. But, until now condition of forest felt having changes or degradation, especially felt from climate change side and quantity and quality water changes. There is a negative responce about HPH company existence, mostly happened because lack of socialization and communications among side. Effort of repair recommended are to develop more condusif relation between government, community with company, with interest many socialization and communications to find best solutions to the all problem. Key words: Local Community, HPH Forest Area, Foresty Management, Social Impact
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Koуnova, Iryna, and Maksym Terletskyi. "Foresty land use optimization on the mountainous territory in Ukrainian Carpathians (Terlo community in Stary Sambir district in Lviv region." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 49 (December 30, 2015): 156–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2015.49.8616.
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In this research, characteristics of the forestry land use within a typical mountainous territory of the Terlo community were explained. Local economic and natural processes were characterized and connections between forestry land use and sustainable development of all community were found. Forestry land use enterprises backgrounds were discovered. Negative aspects of two different forestry administration systems were found and main causes of modern states of the forest stands were explained. Modern forest stands were compared with optimal forest stand characteristics, recommended by the FORZA project for Ukrainian Carpathians. A forest stand structure which characterized by forest species, an age structure, a tree canopy, a number of forest tiers within the smallest part of forestry enterprises were analyzed, using a map visualization tools. Based on the results of this research, optimization measures for sustainable forestry development were recommended. Key words: forestry land use, forests of exploitation, nature protected forests, sustainable forestry development.
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Izumi, Eiji. "A Brief History of Foresty Policy and Foresty Management, 1960-96." Journal of Rural Problems 32, no. 2 (1996): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7310/arfe1965.32.57.
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Micle, Carmen, and Mirela Coman. "BIODIVERSITY OF WOODEN SPECIES IN RANGER DISTRIC OF TÎRGU LĂPUȘ." Scientific Bulletin Series D : Mining, Mineral Processing, Non-Ferrous Metallurgy, Geology and Environmental Engineering 31, no. 1 (2017): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.37193/sbsd.2017.1.06.
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Ranger Distric of Tîrgu Lăpuş is a part of Maramureş Foresty Directorate within the National Foresty Directorate - Romsilva. The forest area of 11327,57 ha administrated by Tîrgu Lăpuş includes the state-owned forests located in the North of the country, the middle basin of the Lăpuş River, the Cavnic River Basin and the Someş River Basin. Out of the 6 production units, P. U. I-Valea Mare in terms of composition diversity, age and average wood / hectare volume of wood species since 1967 until now. In 1967 the area of Production Unit I Valea Mare was 4790.0 ha. Becouse of various modifications over the years, in 2009, the area was of 4148.6 ha. These changes are visible in terms of habitat, biodiversity and administration. The types of forest resorts and forest types, including the variety of treatments applied, have been studied in detail in order to perceive the way of life, growth and adaptation to current pedological conditions and climate change, but especially to quantify and explain the dynamics of the wood species in this area. In conclusion, in P. U. I Valea Mare is notable for the constancy of species (beech, hornbeam and spruce), the increase and / or decrease of the share of the others (oak, resinous) and the disappearance of a species (pine). There are also some species that are found throughout this constant time frame under the share of 5% (resinous).
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Dienelly, Ummi, Samsul Bakri, and Trio Santoso. "Pengaruh Perubahan Tutupan Hutan Dan Lahan Terhadap Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (Pdrb) Di Sektor Pertanian, Kehutanan Dan Industri : Studi Di Provinsi Lampung." Jurnal Sylva Lestari 5, no. 1 (January 26, 2017): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jsl1561-70.
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National economic growth is an aggregate of regional economic growth. Economic growth inboth national and local level is closely related to the performance of the productions of goodsand services, which measured by massive increase in the amount of the Gross Domestic Product(GDP) and Regional Gross Domestic Product (RGDP) for the region. Lampung province’seconomic growth performance is high enough but on the other hand had to be paid by landconversion. This study aims to determine the dynamic of changes in land cover and forest and itsimpact on agriculture, forestry and industrial earnings. Data collected consist of satelitte imageof lampung province RGDP in agricultural sector, RGDP in foresty sector, RGDP in industrialsector and population density data. The result showed that there was a significant relationshipbeetwen changes in private forest cover by 11.055 (p= 0.062), rice field by 7.982 (p= 0.082), andpopulation density by -8.676 (p= 0.000) to the RGDP in agricultural sector. RGDP in theforestry sector is affected significantly by the national forest cover by 1.160 (p= 0.00)and other land use by -0.803 (p= 0.061). RGDP in the industrial sector is influenced significantly byprivate forest -7.434 (p= 0.077), and plantation by 5.471 (p= 0.00).Keyword : RGDB agriculture sector, RGDB forestry sector, RGDB industri sector
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Kim, Hyun-Jun, Hyun-Soo Kim, and Sang-Hyun Lee. "Present Situations and Direction of Improvement of Agro-foresty in Private Forests of Korea." Journal of Agriculture & Life Science 48, no. 4 (August 30, 2014): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14397/jals.2014.48.4.35.
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Takayama, Toshihiro. "The Real State of Activation of Regional Agriculture and Foresty." Journal of Rural Problems 26, no. 4-5 (1990): 152–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.7310/arfe1965.26.4-5_152.
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Streck, C., A. Tuerk, and B. Schlamadinger. "Foresty offsets in emissions trading systems: a link between systems?" Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 14, no. 5 (May 20, 2009): 455–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11027-009-9175-8.
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Bunkovsky, V., and I. Ilichev. "FEATURES OF MANAGEMENT OF COMPETITIVENESS INNOVATIVE PROJECTS IN THE FORESTY SECTOR." Transbaikal State University Journal 25, no. 2 (2019): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/2227-9245-2019-25-2-127-134.
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Xiaolin Fang, and Lan Gao. "Analyzing the Potential for Foresty Carbon Sequestration Based on Internet Group Sampling." International Journal of Digital Content Technology and its Applications 6, no. 12 (July 15, 2012): 256–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4156/jdcta.vol6.issue12.31.
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Handley, Margaret A. "The “Foresty Way”: My Mother’s Brave Choice of Medical Aid in Dying." Annals of Family Medicine 18, no. 6 (November 2020): 553–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1370/afm.2606.
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Binkley, Clark S., and Susan B. Watts. "The status of and recent trends in forest sector research in British Columbia." Forestry Chronicle 75, no. 4 (August 1, 1999): 607–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc75607-4.
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In the decade between 1988 and 1998, expenditures on forest sector research in British Columbia have increased substantially in absolute terms but have fallen in relation to the scale of the province's forestry enterprise. These aggregate trends mask important shifts in funding sources and in the specific fields of research that have been supported. The crown corporation Forest Renewal BC has emerged as the dominant source of support for forestry research, clearly displacing appropriated funds with-in the B.C. Ministry of Forests. As a result of falling stumpage fees and changes in forest policy, this source of support is now declining and the long-term security of the Forest Renewal BC research program is in question. At present, expenditures on forestry research are more or less consistent with expenditures on forestry research in other advanced forested jurisdictions, but the anticipated decline in Forest Renewal BC research support belies this otherwise favourable finding. Expenditures on forest products research in the province have not matched their counterparts elsewhere in the world, and recently have declined precipitously. Forestry – forest conservation, management, products and production processes – is becoming ever more complex. Research activity in the province does not appear adequate to sustain the flow of economic and ecological wealth from forests that British Columbians have always enjoyed and have come to expect.
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Dickinson, Yvette, Eric K. Zenner, and Douglas Miller. "Examining the effect of diverse management strategies on landscape scale patterns of forest structure in Pennsylvania using novel remote sensing techniques." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 44, no. 4 (April 2014): 301–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2013-0315.
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We used novel remote sensing techniques to compare the landscape-scale patterns of forest structure in Pennsylvania, USA under the management of four different agencies with varying primary objectives, including production forestry, wildlife habitat, recreation, and private ownership. We (i) developed a forest structure classification scheme using publicly available LiDAR and orthographic aerial imagery data, (ii) mapped the forest structure across twenty forested landscapes, and (iii) compared the landscape-scale forest structure patterns among the four forest management types. Our results indicate that different management philosophies and their associated forest management approaches have resulted in contrasting landscape-scale patterns of forest structure. Privately managed forests had shorter forests, higher densities of distinct patches, higher interspersion of patch types, and higher forest structure diversity at fine-scales (1.5 ha grain size) compared to forests lightly managed for recreation. Production forests under ecosystem management and forests managed for wildlife habitat exhibited intermediate patterns of forest structure. This variation in forest structure patterns among the forest managers is likely to have implications for wildlife habitat and other ecosystem services. Furthermore, greater emphasis is needed on encouraging private landowners to manage across property boundaries and providing the resources and tools to manage forests at the landscape scale.
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Shevchenko, A. A., V. G. Manuilenko, M. M. Onatska, and V. P. Filіchenko. "Geoinformation Exploration and Comparison of Computer Processing Processes of the Forestry of Ukraine." Metrology and instruments, no. 6 (January 11, 2020): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33955/2307-2180(6)2019.61-66.
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The main problems of forestry are considered in the article taking into account the current normative documents of Ukraine and developments of Ukrainian scientists. The period of forestry production is the longest of all known productions: 60-100 and more years. The total forest area of the forest fund of Ukraine is 10.4 million hectares, including the forest cover — 9.6 million hectares. The forested area of Ukraine is 15.9%. The stock of wood in forests is estimated at 2.1 billion m3. The total annual increase in the stock of timber reaches 35 million m3. Forests grow in different natural areas (Polissia, Forest-steppe, Steppe, Ukrainian Carpathians, and Mountain Crimea) and have differences in forest conditions. The forests are concentrated mainly in Polissia and the Carpathians. Afforestation in various natural zones varies from 3.7% in Zaporizhzhya to 51.4% in the Transcarpathian regions and does not reach a scientifically justified optimal level. Almost half of the forests have limited use, which does not contribute to the efficient use of forest resources.By means of which it is possible to solve the issues of collection, processing, control and document management in this field. Today, scientists and workers face a rather difficult task. In the short term, you need to create, implement in the industry, fill in archival data, learn how to use, maintain in working condition, implement updates in accordance with new laws and regulations, and update data. Today, several work programs have been developed that are in the process of being put into production. Comparative analysis of existing programs is presented in more detail and data on their implementation are given. UkrNILILA organized a joint Ukrainian-Czech project, TechInLis4, which implemented the use of a program-based system for collecting inventory of Field Map forests developed by the Institute of Forest Ecosystems Research (IFER, Czech Republic), which is based on a powerful database server, includes automated workplaces (ARMs) for specialists from all divisions and levels of the forestry industry and ozhlyvosti for the rapid exchange of data between entities. Such a system is the State Forests of Ukraine Information System (DIS). Also, the GIS — Lisproject software complex and 1C software product: Enterprise Forestry Management were considered. Given the unique combination of natural and socio-economic components in forestry, as well as a long period of forestry production, the overall objective of the program is to ensure a balanced development of forestry aimed at strengthening the environmental, social and economic functions of Ukrainian forests.
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Sutmöller, J., S. Hentschel, J. Hansen, and H. Meesenburg. "Coupled forest growth-hydrology modelling as an instrument for the assessment of effects of forest management on hydrology in forested catchments." Advances in Geosciences 27 (March 9, 2011): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-27-149-2011.
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Abstract. The type and intensity of forest management directly influences regional catchment hydrology. Future forest management must optimise the effects of its practices to achieve sustainable management. With scenario analysis of forestry practices, the effects of different forest utilisation strategies on the hydrology of forested catchments can be temporally and spatially quantified. The approach adopted in this study necessitated the development of an interactive system for the spatially distributed modelling of hydrology in relation to forest stand development. Consequently, a forest growth model was used to simulate stand development assuming various forest management activities. Selected simulated forest growth parameters were entered into the hydrological model to simulate water fluxes under different conditions of forest structure. The approach enables the spatially differentiated quantification of changes in the water regime (e.g. increased evapotranspiration). The results of hydrological simulations in the study area, the Oker catchment (northern Harz Mountains), show that forests contribute to the protection of water systems because they have a balancing effect on the hydrological regime. As scenario simulations also suggest, however, forestry practices can also lead to substantial changes in water budgets of forested catchments. The preservation of the hydrological services of forests requires a sustainable and long-term forest conversion on the basis of current management directives for near natural silviculture. Management strategies on basis of moderate harvesting regimes are preferred because of their limited impact on the water budget.
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Oliveira, Odilson Dos Santos, Juarez Martins Hoppe, and Élio Luiz Champanhol. "Efeitos do sombreamento em mudas de Cabralea glaberrima Juss. sob condições de viveiro." Ciência e Natura 11, no. 11 (December 11, 1989): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x25554.
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In the nursery at the Department of Science Foresty, of the UFSM, the development of seedlings of cangerana (Cabralea glaberrima) was analysed with 0, 25, 50, 70 and 80 percent of shade. The experiment was set under iron bell-glass and web plastic. After a period of 12 months results were obtained of the height of seedlings in 70 and 80% of shade levels statistically greater than for the rest of treatment. The production of dry matter also was statistically greater being influenced by a larger production of dry matter of the aerial part. Regarding the collor diameter no significant difference was found.
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Zheldak, V. I., A. A. Kulagin, V. M. Sidorenkov, and E. V. Doroschenkova. "ASSESSMENT OF THE ACCESSIBILITY OF FORESTS OF TERRITORIAL ENTITIES AND FOREST PLOTS FOR SILVICULTURAL PROVISION FOR THEIR EFFECTIVE MAINTENANCE AND USE." ÈKOBIOTEH 3, no. 3 (2020): 444–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31163/2618-964x-2020-3-3-444-456.
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Discusses issues of establishing a rational effective regime of mastering maintenance and use of forests of separate territorial entities, complex forest plots granted for use within the framework of current and prospectively improving legislation based on a comprehensive preliminary assessment of forest accessibility for the implementation of systemic silvicultural activities of forest management, reproduction, conservation and protection of forests. Assessment of the accessibility of forests carried out on all significant factors and conditions, determining opportunity carrying out systemic forestry activities, including the specifics of the target purpose, transport and technical provision for the implementation of necessary forestry activities, forest typological structure and species composition of forests, resource and ecological potential of forest management, as well as possible significant environmental restrictions, socio-ecological and socio-economic needs in forests and forest resources and other conditions affecting on the availability of forests, the effectiveness of forestry and forest management.
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Pavlovska, Tetyana Serhiyivna, Yurii Valentunovuch Biletskyi, Aleksandr Vladymyrovych Rudyk, and Iryna Vitaliivna Samoliuk. "RECREATIONAL AND HEALTH IMPROVING FORESTS OF THE SE «LIUBOML FE»." GEOGRAPHY AND TOURISM, no. 49 (2019): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2308-135x.2019.49.137-148.
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The purpose of this article is to study the modern structure of the recreational and health improving forests of the State Enterprise «Liuboml forestry» (by category of land, by their location and use, according to the age groups of wood species, according to the breed composition of forest stands) in the context of the investigation of recreational forest use in the territory of the Volyn region. Research methodology. The research was based on the materials of the State Enterprise «Liuboml FE» and the Volyn Region Department of Forestry and Hunting. The comparative-geographical and graphical methods were used. Results. The results of the analysis of the categorical structure of forests of the State Enterprise «Liuboml forestry» are presented. The place of recreational and health improving forests in the structure of the forest fund of the investigated enterprise is described. The analysis of the structure of recreational and health improving forests according to the categories of land (forest areas covered with forest vegetation, forest areas not covered by forest vegetation), the division of recreational and health improving forests according to their location and use (forests within settlements, forests within green zones around settlements, forests beyond the green zones). A comparative analysis of the actual and optimal age structure of groups of tree’s breeds of recreational and health improving forests is made. The breed composition of forest stands of recreational and health improving forests and their phytoncidity are characterized. The spatial distribution of recreational items within the forestry fund of the forestry enterprise is analyzed. Scientific novelty. Measures to optimize recreational forest use and enhance the recreational function of forests within the territory under study are suggested. Practical meaning. The obtained research results are an important information base for the development of sustainable recreational forest use within the State Enterprise «Liuboml FE» and the Volyn region as a whole.
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Pytulyak, Myroslava, Mykola Pytulyak, Lesia Zastavetska, Taras Zastavetskyi, and Ivanna Homeniuk. "PECULIARITIES OF FORESTS AND FOREST USE ON THE TERRITORY OF SOE «TERNOPIL FORESTRY»." SCIENTIFIC ISSUES OF TERNOPIL VOLODYMYR HNATIUK NATIONAL PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY. SERIES: GEOGRAPHY 50, no. 1 (June 24, 2021): 194–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2519-4577.21.1.24.
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The analytical investigation of forests (age structure, age-class composition, forest categories) and forest use on the territory of SOE “Ternopil forestry” has been made. It has also been defined that within the activities of Ternopil forestry the differences in age structure of forest ranges, kinds of compositions and functional types of forests have been noticed.
SOE “Ternopil forestry” is located in the central part of Ternopil oblast, which is characterized by a low level of forest cover: Zbarazh region – 9.1%, Pidvolochysk region – 5.1%, Terebovlia region – 8.4%, Ternopil region – 7.9%, Zboriv region – 11%.
The area of SOE “Ternopil forestry” is 26015.0 ha; including territory covered with forests – 23913.2 ha (91.9%). The enterprise is also composed of 8 forest divisions such as Mykulyntsi, Skalat, Terebovlia, Ternopil, Mshanets, Zbarazh, Zaliztsi and Budaniv divisions.
The fraction of area covered with forest vegetation on the territory of SOE “Ternopil forestry” is between about 91.3 % in Skalat forest division up to 96.1% in Ternopil forest division. The parts which are not covered with vegetation are represented by seed plots, artificial forests, open forests, burned areas, timber blockings, meadows, biomeadows, forest paths, glades and others. The forest plantations dominate in the structure of total area of the forest fund (57.3%); they occupy the area of 14606.0 ha and forest seed plots – 36.4%.
The largest area in forestry is taken up by recreation forests (12.7 thousand ha). They have the largest part among the other forest categories (48.6%). The smallest part is taken up by the forests, which carry nature conservation, scientific and history and culture mission.
Exploitable forests are represented on the territory of Budaniv forestry and occupy the area of 3142.9 ha. Besides that, we have to note that the part of forests in all divisions has special way of using and can be exploited.
In the age structure of forests the major part is taken up by middle-aged plantations (64.6%). The largest part of the latest is in Mshanets division – 71.5% and Ternopil division – 67.4%. The biggest part of young plantations is in Zaliztsi division – 21.1% and Mykulyntsi division – 18.3%.
They take the largest area in Terebovlia forestry (3668.3 ha). There is a sufficient part of recreation forests in the majority of forestry and its amount fluctuates between 83.8% up to 98.1%. The smallest part of recreation forests is in Budaniv (1.8%) and Zaliztsi (9.5%) divisions.
The dominating type of landscape in recreational forests is closed type – 89.3% of the area, half open – 6.4% and open – 4.3%.
The average age of forest plantations in SOE “Ternopil forestry” is 61 years. The oldest are European Beeches – 80 years, European Oak – 65 years, Scots pine – 56 years, English field maple – 60 years.
The main forest forming species are hard wooden broadleaved species which make up 86.4%. They take up the largest part in Skalat (93.6%) and Mykulyntsi (94.4%) forest divisions. Among the broadleaved species the European Oak is dominating, and takes up the area of 13270.7 ha. More than 50% of the area where conifers grow are taken up by the Scots Pine.
One of the ways of forest use on the SOE “Ternopil forstry” territory is stocking up wood from logging of the main use and also logging of formation and recreation. The renewable logging is done in all the forest categories. The annual amount of such logging comes to 2.3 thousand m3. Besides the logging of main use there others – formation and hygienic of forests, care logging (enlightening, selective cutting, thinning) sanitation and forest renewals. The main amount of wood is logged from the main use on the area of 66 ha and amounts to 20189 m3
It has been defined that the main ways of the forest use are logging and recreational forest use.
Key words: forests, forest use, age structure, forest categories, recreational forests
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Schmithüsen, F. "Multifunctional forestry practices as a land use strategy to meet increasing private and public demands in modern societies." Journal of Forest Science 53, No. 6 (January 7, 2008): 290–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2016-jfs.
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The present distribution of forests and the degree of their transformation by man are the results of natural factors and cultural development. The limit between forested areas and open spaces, as well as differences between intensively used forests and those showing small or no traces of human intervention, is determined by social needs and values, economic opportunities, and political regulations. Forests are currently perceived by the population as physical and social spaces profoundly influenced by timber use and forest management. Their social and political significance is in full evolution. The multiple demands on forests in a rapidly evolving economic, social, and political environment require maintaining a high level of forest management standards and a flexible adaptation of multiple-use forestry to the complex interactions between the private and public sectors.
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Gordon, Andrew M., Doug W. Larson, Ray A. McBride, Glen P. Lumis, Kim Rollins, and Sally Humphries. "Learning about the forest using alternative curricula the Guelph experience." Forestry Chronicle 78, no. 3 (June 1, 2002): 373–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc78373-3.
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The University of Guelph is a mid-sized university in southern Ontario that has many historical underpinnings with respect to both undergraduate and graduate education in forestry and forest-related subjects. Some of the earliest forward-thinking forest policies found in Ontario came from early faculty associated with the predecessor of the University, the Ontario School of Agriculture. Today, the University has numerous faculty in Colleges across campus that are involved in a multitude of teaching and research aspects associated with forested environments. The research-teaching link with respect to forestry is strong and the undergraduate population appears appreciative of this. Undergraduate courses and course segments at both undergraduate and graduate levels exist, and a minor in forest science, housed in the Department of Environmental Biology but drawing on resources from across multiple disciplines, is also available. The University of Guelph is currently evaluating its options with respect to undergraduate education in the forest sciences. Building on past and present strengths, the University is considering offering a non-accredited B.Sc. program that embraces the science and management of forests and the environmental impact and community benefits associated with interventions in the forest. Key words: Ontario forests, historical perspectives, learner-centred undergraduate curriculum, forest environments, forest science, forest and natural resource economics, internationalism, non-accredited B.Sc. undergraduate degree, graduate forest research
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Klenk, Nicole L., Gary Q. Bull, and James I. MacLellan. "The “emulation of natural disturbance” (END) management approach in Canadian forestry: A critical evaluation." Forestry Chronicle 85, no. 3 (June 1, 2009): 440–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc85440-3.
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The “emulation of natural disturbance” (END) is an ambiguous forest management approach that embodies an environmental ethic of “following nature” and the values associated with the nature/culture dichotomy. Given climate change projections, the emulation of natural disturbance or any approach that commits itself to reproducing a snapshot of the past history and evolution of forests may not be appropriate over large areas of the forested landscape. The adoption of a naturalistic forest management approach may appear to make sense for biodiversity conservation, but such an approach may not be adaptive in a rapidly changing climate. Rather than aiming to “follow nature,” Canadian forestry should strive to be innovative in its efforts to manage its forests. Key words: emulation of natural disturbance, TRIAD, environmental ethics, naturalistic forest management, climate change, adaptation
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Parviainen, Jari, Peter Furu, and Conor Kretsch. "Tools for assessment of human health dimensions in forests | Tools for assessment of human health dimensions in forests." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 161, no. 3 (March 1, 2010): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2010.0114.
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Human health related to forests can be evaluated by Health Impact Assessment (HIA) methodologies and by using indicators of Sustainable Forest Management (SFM). The HIA systematically reviews the health aspects associated with a development policy, plan or project for a forested area, whereas the indicators of SFM can be used to monitor and give information on the existing forests, and their management, including planning. A prerequisite for the assessment of human health aspects in forestry context is defining the relevant indicators. The physical and mental aspects of human health as well as human diseases related to forest conditions are not covered comprehensively and in an operational way for use in current forest management. The health aspects need more multidisciplinary research on the cause-effect relationships between health, forest management and biodiversity. It is also necessary to develop methodologies for the estimation of the economic value of the non-market forest ecosystem services. This article outlines several possibilities to collaborate and develop joint approaches between forest and health sector to assess the health aspect in forests and to ensure that the health aspects in forest management are taken into consideration.
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Fayiah, M. "Uncertainties and trends in the forest policy framework in Sierra Leone: an overview of forest sustainability challenges in the post-independence era." International Forestry Review 23, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/146554821832952744.
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Sierr a Leone is part of the Upper Guinean Forests with a climate that enhances great floral biodiversity. The exploitation of forest resources in Sierra Leone has seen a steady increase over the years while the establishment of forest plantations has witnessed a drastic decline. The relationship between forest exploitation and plantation forest decline is broadly assumed to be influenced by population growth, weak forest policies, legislatures, forest management and monitoring policies over the past century. The paper examines forests status and forest resources policy evolution since the pre-colonial era but pays particular attention to policies developed from 1988, in the post-colonial era, and the challenges facing their implementation. The paper highlights major challenges facing the healthy and sustainable growth of forest resources in Sierra Leone. The challenges range from the attachment of the Forestry Division to the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Security (MAFFS), the overlap in ministerial mandates about forest protection, corrupt government officials, poverty, illegal logging, inadequate funding and staff, natural disaster and outdated forestry instruments. Natural factors such as climate change, drought, and landslides are considered among the issues affecting the sustainable expansion of forest resources in Sierra Leone. A flowchart of forest sustainability challenges in Sierra Leone was designed, and classified forest challenges into natural and man-made causes. The inability of the Forestry Division to become an independent body and the continued reliance of the Division on the 1988 Forestry Act to make informed decisions in the 21st century is serving as a major barrier in sustaining forests resources in Sierra Leone. Improving forest management in the country requires the collective efforts of both national and international forests protections entities and organizations. Sound forests conservation policies and adequate funding and staffing can strengthen the Forestry Division in enforcing its constitutional mandates. Adopting the best practices models from countries such as China, India and the USA will help towards the goal of managing forest resources sustainably for current and future generations.
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Bondar, O. B., L. I. Tkach, and V. A. Solodovnik. "Forestry-Taksatic Structure of Forests at SE "Kremenetsk LH"." Podilian Bulletin: Agriculture, Engineering, Economics, no. 30 (June 28, 2019): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.37406/2706-9052-2019-1-2.
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The study of the forestry-taxation structure of plantations plays an important role during the conduct of economic activities in the territory of forest enterprises of Ukraine. So, timely taken forestry measures will allow to increase the productivity of forest plantations in the territory of forestry enterprises in the future. The database of the Ukrderzhlisproekt JSC as of 01.01.2012 was used for the analysis of the forestry-taxation structure of forests at the State Enterprise "Kremenets Forestry". The typological diversity of forests was characterized according to the developed classification of Alekseiev-Pogrebniak. The total area of the forestry land of the state enterprise “Kremenets Forestry” for the period from 01.01.2009 to 01.01.2012 has not changed and makes up 28,9 hectares, only the area of forest crops increased by 369 hectares and areas covered with forest vegetation increased by 184 ha, the total reserve increased by 246cubic meters and a natural renewal increased by 27 hectares. The structure of areas covered with forest operational forests are prevailing, the share of which is 51 %, forests of nature protection, scientific, historical and cultural purposes – 28 %, recreational-and-health-improving forests – 19 %, and protective ones – 2 % only. The typological diversity of forests in the territory of the experimental site is characterized by a significant number of forest types. The largest area is under the fresh hornbeam forest – 12374 hectares (of which 7378 hectares (60 %) under common oak and other species), and the least area is under the raw black-alder sudubrava – 333 hectares, while other types of forests occupy 408 hectares. The largest total reserve is the pine forest, which is 2785 thousand m3, the second by the number - common oak – 2319 thousand m3, the smallest reserve is forest beech (0,5 thousand m3) and other wood species (0,3 thousand m3). The average change in the reserve at the state enterprise "Kremenets Forestry"; pine forest and common oak have the largest change (49 and 37 thousand m3), and the smallest change in the reserve is in forest beech and other wood species and makes up only 0,26 thousand m3. The average age of wood species: common oak – 67 years (the largest one), common hornbeam – 66 years, pine and silver birch – 57 years, norway spruce has the smallest average age – 33 years. By improvement cutting, the formation of plantations of good natural composition and improvement of the sanitary condition of forests is carried out in an area of about 1,4 hectares in average over the last revision period
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Hall, J. Peter, L. W. Carlson, and D. E. Dube. "A Forestry Canada Approach to Environmental Forestry." Forestry Chronicle 66, no. 2 (April 1, 1990): 138–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc66138-2.
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The continued use and development of the forest environment requires that it be treated in a manner that ensures sustainable development. The forest ecosystem available for commercial exploitation has been shown to be finite and human intervention on a large scale is needed to replace, renew and rehabilitate these forests. An environmental forestry research program must have as its goal a sustainable forest. To attain this, research must be conducted on the forest ecosystem, on monitoring and characterizing the forest, on protecting the forest and on renewing the forest. This constitutes the Forestry Canada program. This research will assist in the development of practices needed for the healthy functioning of the forest ecosystem, for industrial forest management, recreational forestry and the preservation of our forests for future generations. Forestry Canada has made major contributions in the whole field of environmental protection of the forest ecosystem. The examples presented here demonstrate Forestry Canada's commitment to environmentally-sound forest management practices. Those practices allow development of the forest for the benefit of all Canadians and for the forest.
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Takeuchi, Yukari, Koichi Nishimura, and Abani Patra. "Observations and numerical simulations of the braking effect of forests on large-scale avalanches." Annals of Glaciology 59, no. 77 (November 28, 2018): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aog.2018.22.
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ABSTRACTAlthough the disaster reduction effects of forest braking have long been known empirically, they have not been known in detail down to recent. In this study, we ascertained forest braking effect by numerical simulations using the avalanche dynamics program, TITAN2D, to model large-scale avalanches. One of these avalanches occurred in the Makunosawa valley, Myoko, and damaged a cedar forest; the others occurred on Mt. Iwate and damaged a subalpine forest. All avalanches damaged many trees and terminated within the forests. In our simulations, the resistance of the forests to avalanches is simulated using a larger bed friction angle. Fitting the observations from the Makunosawa avalanche by trial and error, a bed friction angle of 13–14° in the non-forested area and of 25° in the forested area is obtained. We conducted simulations of the Mt. Iwate avalanches using the same method as for the Makunosawa valley avalanche, and obtained good agreement between observations and simulations. Simulations reveal that without the forest, the avalanche would have traveled at least 200 m farther than the forest's actual end in the Makunosawa valley, and at least 200 m and possibly up to 600 m farther on Mt. Iwate. This study therefore clearly shows that forests provide a braking effect for avalanches.
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Niedziałkowski, Krzysztof. "Why do foresters oppose the enlargement of the Białowieża National Park? The motivation of the State Forests Holding employees as perceived by social actors engaged in the conflict over the Białowieża Forest." Forest Research Papers 77, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 358–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/frp-2016-0037.
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Abstract This study outlines the main motives of foresters opposing the enlargement of the Białowieża National Park to include areas managed by the State Forests Holding. The motives were identified using discourse analysis tools based on the semistructured interviews with 36 people representing various groups of actors engaged in the discussion on the management of the Białowieża Forest. The main motives I found are connected to: (1) a vision of how nature should be and the foresters’ mission; (2) fear of losing employment or getting a worse job; (3) the high esteem of the forester profession in local communities and an inferior vocational status of the national park employees; (4) defending the professional prestige of foresters and the State Forests Holding; (5) competition with national parks over natural areas; (6) forest science; (7) the wish to continue hunting in the Białowieża Forest; (8) bottom-up pressure on the State Forests Holding employees. The major conflict potential in the discourse around the Białowieża Forest is connected with the perception of its unique natural values and methods of protection. As a result, two opposing coalitions have formed: one supporting forestry interests and one encouraging conservation. The discourse of the forestry-supporting coalition is strengthened by an epistemic community of forest scientists. Some arguments presented by the foresters pushing for a continuation of forest management in Białowieża also indicate the involvement of path dependency, which, in combination with large differences between the coalitions, does not allow for optimism regarding the resolution of the conflict.
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Gagarin, Yu N. "RESPONSE TO REVIEW A.YU. FRANCUZOV TO ARTICLE “THE CONCEPT OF THE DRAFT FEDERAL LAW” FOREST CODE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION “." FOREST SCIENCE ISSUES 3, no. 3 (December 2, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.31509/2658-607x-2020-3-3r-1-5.
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The article discusses the issues of the economic organization of forestry and proposals for its transformation from the sphere of budgetary services to the branch of material production, based on the international practice of profitable forestry without its integration with the timber processing industry. We have given a brief description of the low investment attractiveness of forestry production due to its long-term nature, which requires a special source of funding, and also described the advantages of state forestry organizations in terms of state ownership of forests over private forest use, burdened with forest reproduction activities (forest lease). The paper presents the general provisions of the forest management model based on the licensed right to conduct forestry by legal entities and individual entrepreneurs in state forests.
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Giller, P. S., and J. O’Halloran. "Forestry and the aquatic environment: studies in an Irish context." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 8, no. 3 (June 30, 2004): 314–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-8-314-2004.
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Abstract. Research on the interaction between plantation forestry and aquatic environments is essential to develop environmentally compatible and sustainable management further. Given, in Ireland, the generally low levels of atmospheric pollution, its geology and maritime climate, and the unique fauna and flora due to its island history, such studies are important not only in the regional context, but also internationally, as they provide an opportunity to examine the effect of forestry and forest management practices on aquatic systems per se, without the complications of acidification. Here, some of the major findings of forestry and water research in Ireland have been reviewed and compared with those from the UK and elsewhere. Plantation forests do not exacerbate acidification in the south of Ireland (Munster) as a whole so that the influence of forestry on water chemistry is far less important than in other parts of the country (such as Wicklow and Mayo). The main forestry influence on streams in Munster is more likely through physical factors, but their nature is unclear. In a few catchments some negative effects are evident, but in many others apparently positive forest effects occur. In this context, smaller scale catchment-level effects appear to be more important in explaining the various relationships between plantation forests and stream ecology than larger scale regional factors. The management of riparian zones, particularly in forested catchments, is of major importance for the structure and functioning of aquatic communities and further work is needed on best management practices. It is suggested that it is unreasonable to base forest management on national Forest-Fisheries guidelines since regions vary too much and the signal from local conditions is too strong. The approach for environmentally benign, scientifically sound forestry management has to be at the catchment scale. Trees in the right places may be beneficial ecologically but further work is needed to identify these locations. The introduction of new forest management practices such as adoption of new species mixes and continuous forest cover are at an early stage in Ireland and their influence on aquatic systems is unknown. Keywords: forest-stream interactions, Irish plantation forestry, hydrochemistry, macroinvertebrates, salmonids, forest management
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Wysocka-Fijorek, Emilia. "Evaluation of forestry companies with differing administrative and production costs." Forest Research Papers 78, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/frp-2017-0005.
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Abstract This paper contributes to the ongoing discussion on the improvement of private forest management in Poland. It examines characteristics of various types of forestry companies encompassing either completely private forests or a mixture of private and state-owned forests. Different possibilities for operating private and state-owned forestry companies were examined. The assessment of forestry companies was carried out for three categories based on forest inventory data and economic information. Each of the categories contained three different types of forestry companies classified as follows: I – companies managing private forests only, II – companies managing both private and state-owned forests (e.g. those managed by a state-run forest district), II – the same as in II but assuming minimal costs. The different types of forestry companies were then subjected to a more detailed analysis with respect to the following factors: A – only their own administrative costs, B – administrative costs and overheads assumed to be the same as in the State Forests, C – overheads assumed to be the same as in the State Forests but administrative costs are calculated as in A. For each of the scenarios, income, costs and revenues were calculated. The different types of forestry companies established above also allowed for an assessment of the used data and their collection. In conclusion, incomes of the forestry companies were generally low due to forest stands being managed by companies. Only in scenario A, which assumes very low management costs, did each of the company types gain revenues. This means that the main direction for the development of forestry companies should be to maintain low management costs.
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KHATRI, DIL, KRISHNA SHRESTHA, HEMANT OJHA, GOVINDA PAUDEL, NAYA PAUDEL, and ADAM PAIN. "Reframing community forest governance for food security in Nepal." Environmental Conservation 44, no. 2 (October 17, 2016): 174–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892916000369.
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SUMMARYThe growing challenge of food insecurity in the Global South has called for new research on the contribution of forests to food security. However, even progressive forest management institutions such as Nepal's community forestry programme have failed to address this issue. We analyse Nepal's community forestry programme and find that forest policies and local institutional practices have historically evolved to regulate forests either as sources of timber or as a means of biodiversity conservation, disregarding food security outcomes for local people. Disciplinary divisions between forestry and the agriculture sector have limited the prospect of strengthening forest–food security linkages. We conclude that the policy and legislative framework and formal bureaucratic practices are influenced by ‘modern forestry science’, which led to community forestry rules and practices not considering the contribution of forests to food security. Furthermore, forestry science has a particularly narrow focus on timber production and conservation. We argue for the need to recognise the importance of local knowledge and community practices of using forests for food. We propose adaptive and transformational approaches to knowledge generation and the application of such knowledge in order to support institutional change and policy reform and to enable landscape-specific innovations in forest–food linkages.
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Brazner, John, and Frances MacKinnon. "Relative conservation value of Nova Scotia’s forests: forested wetlands as avian diversity hotspots." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 50, no. 12 (December 2020): 1307–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2020-0101.
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Nova Scotia’s forested landscapes are degraded and under stress. As the province moves toward an ecological forestry management approach, land managers need more complete information about the relative biodiversity value of various habitats in landscapes that they manage to fully assess conservation consequences of different management options. To begin assessing the relative conservation value of different forest types, we surveyed bird communities in 18 forested wetlands (wooded bogs, tall shrub swamps, and treed swamps), mature upland forest stands, and regenerating upland forest stands in western Nova Scotia during the breeding season in 2017 and 2018. There were distinct differences among the bird communities in each forest type. Bird species diversity, overall abundance, and abundance of several guilds and species of conservation concern were higher in forested wetlands than in mature and regenerating upland forests. Bogs and shrub swamps had the highest number of species with strong habitat affinities, but treed swamps and mature sites had unique suites of strongly associated species and guilds — several of conservation concern. Regenerating sites were occupied mainly by forest-edge species and conservation value was low. Our study highlights the importance of forested wetlands to bird conservation and supports the idea that forested wetlands are avian diversity hotspots.
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Kaliszewski, Adam. "Forest policy goals in Poland in light of the current forestry aims in Europe Part 1. Forest policy processes in Europe." Forest Research Papers 79, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/frp-2018-0009.
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Abstract The Polish “National Forest Policy” was adopted by the Council of Ministers in April 1997 and since then no revisions of this document have been made. However, over the last two decades policy changes affecting forests and forestry have been implemented worldwide including Europe. Nonetheless, in more recent years, significant changes in social, economic, institutional, and legal aspects of forestry have also occurred in Poland. This paper is the first of a series of five articles, which aim at highlighting necessary changes in the “National Forest Policy” following the achievements of European forest policy processes and trends in forest policy of selected European countries. The focus of the present paper are the most important European processes of forest policy formulation, in particular the Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (Forest Europe process) as well as forest-focused and forest-related polices of the European Union. Included in this research are the Forest Europe resolutions as well as decisions and EU policies, strategies and legal acts in terms of the general objectives set for forests and forestry. The analysis focuses on the period 1997–2016, i.e. starting from the year the “National Forest Policy” has been adopted. The conclusions of this first paper are that in recent years, forests and forestry have been increasingly included in various sectoral policies of the European Union (environmental and biodiversity protection, climate, energy, agricultural polices), which requires the member states to revise and adjust their own forest-related regulations and policies.
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Treseder, Leslie, and Naomi T. Krogman. "Features of First Nation forest management institutions and implications for sustainability." Forestry Chronicle 75, no. 5 (October 1, 1999): 793–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc75793-5.
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This paper provides an overview of three approaches to forest management being applied by First Nations in Canada: industrial forestry, forest co-management and community forests. Industrial forestry, involving large-scale harvesting of timber, has been successful in increasing employment levels for some First Nations. However, industrial forestry is difficult to pursue due to the significant financial and timber resources it requires, and it may result in social conflicts between timber harvesters and traditional users of the forest. Forest co-management refers to shared management of forest resources by First Nations, government and/or industry. Benefits of co-management for First Nations can include better decision-making, increased employment opportunities, and cultural sensitivity toward First Nation forestry concerns. Disadvantages can include inequality of the partners in co-management arrangements and lack of public involvement in decision-making. Community forests often include local control, local investment of profits, and greater attention to the long term returns from the forest. The community forest approach may be hindered by a lack of profit, an absence of alternative tenure arrangements and other models to follow, and difficult access to financial resources and adequate land bases. The current state of institutional reform offers hope for the incorporation of Aboriginal objectives in sustainable forest management. New institutions can contribute to sustainability in forest-dependent Aboriginal communities by increasing commitment to and support of local forest management practices. Key Words: forest sociology, sustainable forest management, First Nations, social institutions, industrial forestry, forest co-management, community forests
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Vlasenko, N. O. "Rozsoshentsy forest area of Poltava-city green belt (soil-geobotanical and typological and characteristic)." Fundamental and Applied Soil Science 16, no. 3-4 (October 22, 2015): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/041513.
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Natural forests have their own ancient history, for this reason, their composition and structure reflect their existing conditions. In the artificial forests, only growth class and plantations general conditions can be in part the indicator of this residence. O. L. Belgard investigated natural biogeocoenosis and artificial cultural geocoenosis and worked up the detailed forest typology. The peculiarity of O. L. Belgard typology is biogeocoenological approach to the understanding and forest investigating based on G. M. Vysotskiy, G. F. Morozov, V. M. Suchkov ideas. O. L. Belgard accepted the conception of forest biogeocoenosis the components of which are phytocoenosis, zoocoenosis, microbiota, climatope and adaphotope. Rozsoshentsy forestry consists of 87 planning compartments with a total area of 3130.0 hectares, is a part of National Enterprise “Poltava forestry” and is situated on its southern part on the territory of Poltava administrative district and Poltava city. There are no publications in the science literature that could systematically reflect the results of investigations taken place in Rozsoshentsy forest area. Different scientists in different times investigated particular types of vegetations; the general characteristic of forests was specified in some works. The aim of our work is the forest typology investigation, ecological and biological, typological, soil and geobotanical peculiarities of natural and artificial forests of Rozsoshentsy forest area. For the fist time the investigation of natural and artificial forests of Rozsoshentsy forest area of Poltava-city green belt has been started according to the method of O. L. Belgard forest typology. Groups that were investigated inside the forestry are related to hydrotopes of bottomland forests with long-term flooding, bottomland forests with short-term flooding, noninundated with arena and ravine forests. The forest type is defined by accessories to specific trophotope and hydrotope and connected with floodplain factor of certain place of existence. The main place in definition of ecotope peculiarities takes vegetations that fully reflect the dimensionality of conditions. There are some plant associations inside the forest type that give an idea about coenosis from the floristic point of view. One or several associations can correspond to each forest type with direct species structure of tree, bushy and herbaceous layers. Artificial forests typological characteristic based on three taxonomic rank units: forest growth conditions type, ecological structure type and forest stand type. It was found out that the main forest types in structure of investigated forest area are oak, pine, sticky alder and aspen, poplar and birch forests. It means that main forest forming types are six types of wood. Rozsoshentsy forest area of Poltava-city green belt dendroflora has 33 tree and bushy types, 24 genuses, 14 families, 2 rooms. The most popular forest types on the investigated territory according to the forest typology are new oak and pine trees – 31.9 % , new pine forests – 9.1 %, new and dry maple and linden forests – 27.2 % and 6.3 % correspondently. Forest accounts for 5.3 % of forested areas with excessive wet ground. The investigation that was carried out gave us an opportunity to find out four natural forest vegetation types: (new linden and hornbeam forest with wide grasses), Dn4 (alder forest with moist tall grasses), Dc3 (wet aspen forest with aise-weed), De3 (wet white poplar forest); and two types of artificial forest vegetations: De3 (wet white poplar forest) and AB1 (birch forest with dryish miscellaneous). Different variations of soils have been investigated. It was found out that in investigated natural phytocoenosis the type of forest growth conditions is clay loam with different variations: new (СГ2), wet (СГ3), moist (СГ4); and wet sandy loam (СП3); in artificial cultural phytocoenosis the sandy loam is wet and dryish. The prevailing soil types on the territory of Rozsoshentsy forestry are dark grey podzolized forest loam, typical chernozem and podzolized hard loamy chernoozem, but in floodplain of the river Vorskla is a peat-bog soils. The content of humus is 7–8 %. The depth of ground water deposits connected with deposits of brown-red underclay (impermeable horizon) and ranges according to the relief elements and soil degree of erosion from 15 to 34 m. Carbonates are absent in soil of Rozsoshentsy forest area. Water extract analysis tells about the lack of salinity, dry particles ranges between 0.05–0.2 %, PH is mostly alkaline. Detailed ecological and biological characteristics and establishing peculiarities of Rozsoshentsy forest area adaphotope will give an opportunity to reconstruct the existing Poltava-city green belt plantations and organize the stationary investigations with the aim of their employment and saving.
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Pane, Erina, Adam M. Yanis, and Is Susanto. "Social Forestry: The Balance between Welfare and Ecological Justice." International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 10 (December 31, 2020): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2021.10.10.
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Poverty and climate change mitigation are connected to each other, so one of the policies adopted by the Indonesian government is managing forests with social forestry schemes. Where social forestry aims at prospering the poor and preserve forests. A balance between the two is needed because it is not only part of forest land, but it also considers justice for the community to get prosperous rights and realize ecological justice. The dynamics of social forestry in Indonesia are characterized by policies and regulations, but in various regions, people have succeeded in increasing their welfare while making forests sustainable. It was concluded that social forestry builds ecological strategic values that guarantee the sustainability of forest functions managed by the community. It can succeed if policies and regulations in Indonesia provide legal certainty over the rights to community-managed forest land.
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Vančura, K. " National Forestry Programme of the Czech Republic in brief." Journal of Forest Science 50, No. 11 (January 11, 2012): 500–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4646-jfs.
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The basic principle from which the Czech National Forestry Programme proceeds is the management of forests in a permanently sustainable manner whilst limiting the administrative interference of the state to the unavoidable minimum under the circumstances of the motivating operation of state forestry policy for the support of public interests and whilst increasing the responsibility of forest owners for their property. The National Forestry Programme is supposed to be an interdepartmental and intersectoral programme respecting not only the needs for the branch development of forest management, but also emphasising the place of forests in the environment and landscape creation, non-production functions of forests, the importance of the forest as a renewable source of ecologically advantageous raw material and the significance of the use and processing of wood for the economy of the country and thus for the society as such. The first idea of National Forestry Programme has been presented in 1993. The current version of the Programme has been conceived for the period 2003–2006. In addition to the basic information about the current state of forests and forestry management in the Czech Republic, it contains chapters with themes focussing on forestry problem issues.
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Huth, Franka, and Sven Wagner. "Ökosystemleistungen von Dauerwäldern – eine aktuelle Analyse des Waldbaus." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 164, no. 2 (February 1, 2013): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2013.0027.
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Ecosystem services and continuous cover forests – a silvicultural analysis Current concepts of “Dauerwald” or continuous cover forestry rely on complex silvicultural strategies, which are often modified according to site conditions and the management objectives of the forest owners. The preservation of continuity and the provision of an adequate structural diversity within forest ecosystems are the common underlying principles of the different concepts of continuous cover forestry. In light of the uncertainty of the predicted climatic changes, an increased risk of disturbances and changing demands regarding the services provided by forests, it is questionable whether the silvicultural strategies currently applied in the context of continuous cover forestry (e.g. “Plenterwald”) fully embrace these changes. In order to address this issue, forest structures favoured by concepts of continuous cover forestry are assessed with respect to their direct impact on different ecosystem services (utilization, conservation, recreation). The analysis illustrates that there are currently few studies dealing with the direct link between the silvicultural strategies applied in continuous cover forests, the forest structures resulting therefrom and, subsequently, the provided ecosystem services. Although continuous cover forests deliver a wide range of ecosystem services, their concept must nevertheless be developed further, because even in continuous cover forests the equitable maximization of diverse ecosystem services cannot be realized.
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Mazitova, L. V. "PROMOTING THE NATURAL RESTORATION OF LIPNYAKS OF THE KASMARSKY DISTRICT FORESTRY OF THE ZIANCHURINSKY FORESTRY." RUSSIAN ELECTRONIC SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL 37, no. 3 (October 1, 2020): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.31563/2308-9644-2020-37-3-76-82.
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The article presents the results of studying various measures to promote the natural renewal of lime forests in the Kasmarsky uchastkovoye forestry of the Zianchurinsky forestry. The data on lime forests within the boundaries of the forestry were studied, and the calculation of the economic efficiency of promoting natural regeneration was carried out. The use of evenly-gradual and continuous narrow-cut logging in the conditions of the Zianchurinsky forest area in the Kasmar district forest area will avoid the creation of expensive forest crops. The cost of creating forest crops is 10,719. 4 rubles per 1 ha, and the cost of preserving and caring for the forest during evenly-gradual logging is 4,237. 9 rubles, and solid narrow-cutting-3,469. 33 rubles.
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Loskutova, M. V., and A. A. Fedotova. "The governmental policy on forest beekeeping in the Russian Empire in the 18th—19th centuries." Известия Русского географического общества 151, no. 2 (May 13, 2019): 78–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869-6071151278-95.
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Based on published and archival sources, the paper considers the transformations in Russian legislation and administrative policies on forest beekeeping (harvesting honey from owned or tended nests in forests) in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. It demonstrates how in the course of the eighteenth century, the ownership of bee nests started violating the concept of absolute private property over forests, which was increasingly incompatible with the rights of other individuals to exploit natural resources on the same territory. From the early decades of the 19th century, borders were gradually demarcated between forested areas belonging to the state and private owners, and between the state forests and those designated for the use of state peasants. This process made possible to exercise the concept of absolute private property over forests in practice. These changes in legislation and the forest cadastre were closely linked to the making of ‘forestry science’ that developed in the late 18th century under the influence of a growing demand for timber needed for the navies and merchant fleets of all European states. The precepts of ‘forestry science’ were dictated by its objective to maximise profits by focusing on the production of commercially valuable sorts of timber. By the early 19th century, this logic prompted the forest administration of the Russian empire to start contemplating measures that would obstruct any alternative forms of forest exploitation, such as harvesting honey from tended trees. The paper considers in details the tightening of administrative regulations in this area, as imposed by the Ministry of State Domains that reached its peak in the Great Reforms era, and analyses the mechanisms that translated these general causes at work into specific policies.
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Tajuddin, Tajuddin. "The Importance of "Business Management" in Social Forestry Development in Production Forest." Buletin Eboni 2, no. 1 (December 14, 2020): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.20886/buleboni.5701.
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The social forestry program which aims to improve the condition of forests and the welfare of the community is a solution in forest governance in Indonesia. However, implementation of social forestry in the field still shows very low performance both qualitatively and quantitatively. Therefore, a transition to a more holistic social forestry management concept is needed, which can be pursued through the implementation of the main social forestry development strategies which include: area management, institutional management and business management. As one of the pillars in the strategy of developing social forestry, business management determines the impact of social forestry activities on improving the welfare of the community. This article aims to present the design of the activities which is needed in establishing business management on social forestry permit schemes in production forests. Analysis of the policy content and the implementation of social forestry programs using interview methods and field observations were presented in both qualitatively and descriptively. We found that, the various activities are business partnerships with corporation or Forest Management Unit, greater authority for communities to harvest forest products, simpler forest product administration regulations, incentives for processing forest products, and ease in obtaining capital support.
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Duinker, P. N., P. W. Matakala, and D. Zhang. "Community forestry and its implications for Northern Ontario." Forestry Chronicle 67, no. 2 (April 1, 1991): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc67131-2.
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Community forestry is becoming an increasingly important policy issue for provincial governments in Canada. Many single-industry communities in the northern parts of the provinces, surrounded as they are by forests, are looking to forest resources for possible economic diversification and stability. At the same time as there is increasing interest, there is little understanding about what community forestry could and should be for communities surrounded by Crown land forests. This paper looks at some definitions and dimensions of community forestry, as well as reviewing briefly some experiences with it. We examine various ways in which community forestry might be different from provincial government forestry and industrial forestry, and reflect on whether community forestry could lead to improvements in forest management. We conclude with some thoughts on potential future directions for community forestry in Ontario. Key words: community forestry. Crown land forests, single-industry communities, land tenure, local involvement, economic stability, Northern Ontario
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Métraux, Jean-François. "La politique forestière vaudoise: une orientation résolument «patrimoine multifonctionnel» | Forestry policy in the canton of Vaud: the “multifunctional heritage” option." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 162, no. 7 (July 1, 2011): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2011.0209.
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In the years since 2000, the authorities in charge of forests in canton Vaud have made some substantial changes as a reaction to the political decisions arising from the Swiss Forest Programme and the projected revision of the Federal forestry Law, as well as to the deterioration of the economic situation in forestry enterprises. This article gives a survey of the directions taken. Thus the canton recognises the primordial role of wood production as a driving force behind the creation of a multifunctional forest. The Service for Forests, Wildlife and Nature has invested a great deal in planning, and has redefined the management plan to be an instrument intended for forest owners and forest managers. The canton has innovated by introducing forestry groups and a scheme of equalisation of forestry costs between communes. Hence the conception of forestry management in canton Vaud is resolutely that of a multifunctional natural heritage.
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Siruk, Iryna, and Yurii Siruk. "Structure of forestry fund plots of the green belt of Zhytomyr city." Scientific Horizons 23, no. 12 (December 29, 2020): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.48077/scihor.23(12).2020.18-28.
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The city of Zhytomyr is one of the settlements of Ukraine with large areas of green forestry. Due to the lack of up-to-date integrated information on the characteristics of the city's suburban forests, the forestry fund of three enterprises was analysed, the forests of which actually form a green belt. According to the results of the analysis of forest management information, it was determined that about 58% of the area of suburban forests belongs to the forestry-based part. Accordingly, the share of areas of parklands of the green belt of the city is 42%. For each of the parts, the area of plots was divided into categories, predominant species, age groups, forest types, the presence of features in the sections. Areas of forest parks are mostly covered with forests, the share of which reaches 91% against 89% in the forestry part. By age, the forest stands in parklands are slightly older. It is established that the species and typological structure of forests of both zones differ. Forest vegetation conditions in the forestry part of the green belt forests are richer, which has led to the allocation of more forest types, more diverse species composition of plantations, the predominance of oak forest stands. In the suburban forests, due to the drying up of hayfields and more than half of the swamps, over a third of their area was found to be overgrown with trees and shrubs. The areas of hayfields and swamps were divided according to their types and uses. Areas with important features for recreation include areas with species, drinking water sources, monuments, landscaping elements, age-old trees, small lawns, biotechnical facilities, as well as tracts that constitute monuments of landscape art, places of memorable events, settlements of rare animals and birds. It is discovered that in the forests of the green belt of Zhytomyr, there are significant areas with actual berrying grounds (430 ha) and medicinal plants of industrial importance (179 ha). Berries are represented only by blueberries and strawberries, the projective coverage of which varies from 5% to 35%. In the future, the studies on determination of the level of recreational use of sites that have features valuable for recreation, improvement elements and berry fields are considered to be promising
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SMITH, J., K. MULONGOY, R. PERSSON, and J. SAYER. "Harnessing carbon markets for tropical forest conservation: towards a more realistic assessment." Environmental Conservation 27, no. 3 (September 2000): 300–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900000345.
Full textAbstract:
The proposed Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol paves the way for financial and technological transfers to support forestry projects that sequester carbon or protect carbon stocks. From its inception, the concept has been highly controversial. It has been enthusiastically supported by those who believe that conservation of tropical forests will be difficult unless forest owners and managers are compensated for the environmental services of their forests. Others believe that financial transfers supporting ‘carbon farming’ would ignore social concerns and the full range of goods and services of forests. This paper examines the implications of CDM for forest conservation and sustainable use, by drawing on recent literature and the results of a policy dialogue with CDM stakeholders. We conclude that initial estimates of the contribution tropical forestry could make to both climate change mitigation and to forest conservation need to be scaled down. CDM payments for tropical forestry are likely to be received in a far more limited area than initially expected. The cost-effectiveness of forestry projects relative to projects in the energy sector may have been overestimated. In particular few estimates have adequately accounted for the likelihood that the duration of CDM forestry projects is unlikely to be as long as the residency time of carbon in the atmosphere. Also political realities and investor priorities may not have been sufficiently understood. CDM funding for forestry may also decline in future as economically viable clean technologies are increasingly developed in the energy sector. Tropical forests are likely to be an intermediate climate change mitigation strategy for buying time, until more permanent options become available. The most important justification for including forests in CDM may lie in the contribution CDM could potentially make to forest conservation and sustainable use. An analysis of the implications of CDM for forests reveals the importance of involving forest stakeholders more closely in the CDM debate. To prevent perverse outcomes and reduce the risk of ‘leakage’ of emission reduction to areas outside project boundaries, CDM projects may need to be limited to niches which meet certain political and institutional preconditions and where sufficient understanding of local decision-making and the broader context is available. CDM may be more effective if used to remove non-economic impediments to forestry activities that are economically viable and meet local needs. Lessons from the forestry sector in relation to plantations, natural forest management, forest conser- vation and non-timber forest products are discussed to illustrate the dangers of misusing CDM and also to give examples of how CDM could be harnessed for better use of forests. CDM should be seen as one more tool for enhancing the effectiveness of more conventional ways of promoting forest conservation and sustainable use.
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Högbom, Lars, Dalia Abbas, Kęstutis Armolaitis, Endijs Baders, Martyn Futter, Aris Jansons, Kalev Jõgiste, et al. "Trilemma of Nordic–Baltic Forestry—How to Implement UN Sustainable Development Goals." Sustainability 13, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 5643. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13105643.
Full textAbstract:
Forests are the dominant land cover in Nordic–Baltic countries, and forestry, the management of forests for improved ecosystem-service (ES) delivery, is an important contributor to sustainability. Forests and forestry support multiple United Nations Sustainability Goals (UN SDGs) and a number of EU policies, and can address conflicting environmental goals. Forests provide multiple ecosystem services and natural solutions, including wood and fibre production, food, clear and clean water and air, animal and plant habitats, soil formation, aesthetics, and cultural and social services. Carbon sequestered by growing trees is a key factor in the envisaged transition from a fossil-based to a biobased economy. Here, we highlight the possibilities of forest-based solutions to mitigate current and emerging societal challenges. We discuss forestry effects on forest ecosystems, focusing on the optimisation of ES delivery and the fulfilment of UN SDGs while counteracting unwanted effects. In particular, we highlight the trilemma of (i) increasing wood production to substitute raw fossil materials, (ii) increasing forest carbon storage capacity, and (iii) improving forest biodiversity and other ES delivery.
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Brändli, Urs-Beat, Christoph Fischer, and Paolo Camin. "Stand der Walderschliessung mit Lastwagenstrassen in der Schweiz." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 167, no. 3 (March 1, 2016): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2016.0143.
Full textAbstract:
Status of the forest transportation system in Switzerland with regard to roads for trucks Questions concerning the best possible forest transportation system have once again grown in significance as a result of technological developments and the current situation in the forestry and timber industry. For more than 30 years, the Swiss National Forest Inventory (NFI) has periodically recorded the condition of and changes to the forest road network. NFI4 first incorporated attributes for trafficability according to types of truck in 2013/2014, thus making possible to conduct differentiated analyses of the status of the forest transportation system. Between 1985 and 1995, 280 kilometres of new forest roads were laid every year, while only 26 kilometres of road were laid per year from 2006 to 2013 (12 km in protection forests, 14 km in other forests). In contrast, road redevelopment (reengineering) has increased, with 30 kilometres of road currently being redeveloped every year. 84% of the forest roads included in the NFI can be accessed by four-axle trucks weighing 28 to 32 tonnes in total, while 72% are suitable for five- and six-axle truck sets with a total weight of 40 to 44 tonnes. There are considerably fewer of these roads in protection forests than in other forests. The road density in Switzerland for 28- to 32-tonne trucks totals on average 22 metres/hectare, though this varies widely from region to region (ranging from 2 to 57 metres/hectare in production regions and from 0 to 84 metres/hectare in forested areas). Based on harvesting methods currently applied at local level and the corresponding optimum and maximum transport distances, 46% of useable forested areas in Switzerland is good, 29% is moderately good, and 25% is poor or undeveloped. The percentage of poor or undeveloped forests is highest in the Alps (44%) and the south side of the Alps (53%). In the Alpine foothills the percentage of poor or undeveloped forests is 13%, in the Jura Mountains 5% and on the Plateau 2%. A current study of the Swiss Federal Institute WSL is striving to determine the potential scale of the need for transportation systems in the future upon application of the best harvesting methods.
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Holloway, Nancy, Glen A. Jordan, and Burtt M. Smith. "Management of New Brunswick's Crown forest during the twentieth century." Forestry Chronicle 84, no. 4 (August 1, 2008): 481–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc84481-4.
Full textAbstract:
A condensed history of forestry and forest management in New Brunswick's Crown Forest during the 20th century is presented. It begins with a description of the advanced state of forest management in New Brunswick today. The description provides a sharp contrast to the subsequent detailing of forestry operations, and lack of forest management, that characterized the early decades of the 20th century. A gradual improvement followed, as professional forestry education and technology combined to elevate forestry practice. Next examined is forestry practice and its change across several distinct periods: the inter-wars period (1914–1938), WWII and aftermath (1939–1957), two decades of profound change (1958–1980), and the modern era (1981–2005). It is concluded that a few key events and individuals explain the gradual evolution of forestry in New Brunswick from controlled exploitation to sustainable management. Also suggested is that the Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management at the University of New Brunswick must continue to attract the brightest and best to its forestry programmes, if New Brunswick is to maintain its leadership position in management of public forests. Key words: forest management, history, Province of New Brunswick, technological advances, forestry practice, key personnel, Crown Lands and Forests Act
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Chebotareva, V. V., P. A. Chebotarev, and V. G. Storozhenko. "To discussion of the Сoncept of the draft Federal law “Forest Code of the Russian Federation”." FOREST SCIENCE ISSUES 3, no. 3 (December 2, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31509/2658-607x-2020-3-3-1-7.
Full textAbstract:
The article discusses the concept of the draft Federal Law of the Forest Code of the Russian Federation put forward by the CEPL staff. The timeliness of such a discussion by the wide professional community is recognized. Proposals are being made to change a number of provisions of the Concept. It is proposed to clarify the status of “wild forests”. The thesis about the inadmissibility of leaving the cutting areas of oak forests for natural overgrowth is emphasized, which leads to the transformation of strategically valuable oak formations of the Central Black Earth Region into significantly less valuable deciduous forests without his participation. The authors support the position on the unacceptability of the existing model of private forest management, which leads to “deterioration of the state of forests, reduction of their economic and ecological potential.” A number of proposals are being made to improve the country’s forestry. It is proposed to restore the Ministry of Forestry, transfer the use of forest resources to state forestry enterprises, staffed with personnel, equipment and machinery for the production of all types of forestry work. To add to the section on the indefinite use of forest plots, research institutions, educational institutions, in the use of which there are forest plots for long-term research. It is necessary to exclude other types of use of forest areas (for example, hunting use), where research or educational activities are carried out.