Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Forêt secondaire'
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Toriola, Lafuente Daniela. "Régénération naturelle en Guyane française : Arbocel, une jeune forêt secondaire de 19 ans." Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066569.
Full textFuhr, Marc. "Structure et dynamique de la forêt côtière du Gabon. Implications pour une succession secondaire dérivant de la forêt monodominante à okoumé (Aucoumea klaineama Pierre)." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20227.
Full textSaunier, Amélie. "Réponse de la forêt à des scénarios de sécheresse appliqués à moyen et long terme en milieu naturel : étude des COVB du chêne pubescent, principal émetteur d’isoprène en région méditerranéenne." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0106/document.
Full textBiogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOC) emitted by vegetation represent 1PgC.yr-1 at the global scale. These BVOC, once emitted into the atmosphere, can participate in the troposheric ozone formation as well as secondary oragnic aerosols and, consequently, on the atmospheric pollution. That’s why, it is very important to quantify, as accurately as possible, the BVOC emissions and to improbe the knowledge about the environmental factors which drive these emissions. It is well known that BVOC emissions are controlled by the light and the temperature but they can be impacted by other factors such as water stress. Nevertheless, these mechanisms are not well understood yet, since it has been shown that water stress can increase or decrease BVOC emissions according to the intensity and the duration of stress. In a context of climate change, we can expected an intensification of summer drought in Mediteranean area with an incerase of temperature, a decrease of rainfall as well as an elongation of stress period. This climate change could modify BVOC emissions. Moreover, the effects of a water stress applied during several years are not known. In this study, we wanted to evaluate the impact of water stress, expected with climate change, on BVOC emitted by Downy oak (Quercus pubescens Willd.), main isoprene emitter of Mediterranean region
Kammer, Julien. "LANDEX : étude des aérosols organiques secondaires (AOS) générés par la forêt des Landes." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0402/document.
Full textForest ecosystems affect air quality and climate, especially through the emissions and the reactions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) with the atmospheric oxidants, known to generate Secondary Organic Aerosols (SOAs). This work aims to improve our knowledge on the processes involved in biogenic SOA formation and fate. Two field campaigns have been conducted in the Landes forest. In a first step, the measurement site was characterized by a statistical study of local meteorological conditions. During these campaigns, complementary physical and chemical measurements have been carried out, implying measurements of fluxes and concentrations of particles, BVOCs and oxidants. The results evidenced nocturnal new particle formation, which is an original result as this process was usually only reported during daytime. The strong contribution of BVOCs (dominated by α- and β-pinene) ozonolysis to nocturnal new particle formation has been demonstated. Particle flux measurements suggested that particles are transfered from the canopy to the higher atmospheric surface layer. The comparison between ozone fluxes and a physical ozone deposition model also highlighted an ozone production source. This ozone production might be related to BVOC photooxidation
Kassi, N'Dja Justin. "Successions secondaires post-culturales en forêt dense semi-décidue de Sanaimbo (Côte d'Ivoire) : nature, structure et organisation fonctionnelle de la végétation." Amiens, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AMIED005.
Full textPostcultural secondary successions have been investigated along a chronosequence of fallows embedded into a semi-deciduous tropical forest matrix (Ivory Coast). I surveyed the local species pool. Then I described species assemblages using an integrated synusial approach to build up a qualitative model of the spatio-temporal dynamics of plant communities. Structural and functional attributes of plant diversity were then quantitatively described. A secondary forest ressembling the old-growth develops as soon as 30 years after field abandonment. This forest may recover structure and function during the fourth decade of recolonization and species composition one decade later. The invasion by Chromolaena odorata did not appear to slow down the succession. I found a deterministic succession consistently with predictions of both the niche theory and the tolerance model. However hazard plays a role especially in the earliest stages of the succession that seem to be sensitive to historical factors
Zalamea, Paul-Camilo. "Cecropia growth pattern periodicity : could be a Neotropical genus be a good biological clock to estimate the age of disturbed areas?" Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20237.
Full textIn the tropics, the surfaces covered with secondary forests are rapidly increasing due to the high deforestation rates. Forest succession is a slow process, and continuous data on vegetation change are scarce. To study this change, the chronosequence approach has been used but in order to implement it, the knowledge of the secondary forest ages is necessary; however, this information is difficult and/or expensive to gather. Yet, a posteriori reconstruction of individual development in emblematic tropical pioneer trees could be helpful to determine the age of a tree and the moment of individual establishment after a perturbation. In this study, we propose a straightforward and fast method to estimate the age of secondary forests based on the individuals' age estimation of Cecropia, one of the most important pioneer genera of the Neotropics. The objectives of this dissertation were: i) to characterize the developmental pattern of C. Sciadophylla, in order to establish a simple protocol to determine the age of C. Sciadophylla individuals, ii) to determine how the growth pattern of C. Sciadophylla, varies throughout the year and to characterize the stability of this pattern across the species distribution range, iii) to determine the flowering frequencies of Cecropia species and to identify the relationship between flowering events and climate seasonality over the genus geographical range, and finally, iv) to test the possibility of use the Cecropia growth pattern as a biological clock to date secondary forests in the Neotropics. I found a high annual periodicity in flowering and branching processes, and an alternation of long and short nodes in C. Sciadophylla populations. Also, I found that Cecropia inferred ages were highly correlated with real perturbation ages in all cases (i. E. Slash and burn agricultural sites, a forestry road, and mining sites). In addition, I propose 21 Cecropia species that show annual flowering patterns and that are distributed over the geographical range of the genus, as potential chronometer species. For the first time it is shown that Cecropia genus is a promising and very precise tool for dating disturbances and studying secondary forest dynamics in the Neotropics
Palla, Florence. "Caractérisation et distribution spatiale des groupements végétaux de la mosaïque forêt-savane du Parc National de la Lopé (Gabon) : apport des traits caractéristiques de la végétation (traits d'histoire de vie) et des images radar PALSAR." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066377.
Full textFredj, Asma. "Élaboration de protéines fluorescentes ayant un fort potentiel en imagerie." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00785092.
Full textBlanc, Lilian. "Les formations forestières du Parc National de Cat Tien (Viêt-nam) : caractérisation structurale et floristique, étude de la régénération naturelle et de la dynamique successionnelle." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10102.
Full textTrembly, Adria D. "Motivational techniques for at risk students in an online secondary environment." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2006. http://165.236.235.140/lib/ATrembly2006.pdf.
Full textDE, QUEIROZ HERING MAIKE. "Approche phytoecologique et dynamique des formations vegetales secondaires developpees apres abandon des activites agricoles, dans le domaine de la foret ombrophile dense de versant (foret atlantique) a santa catarine, bresil." Paris, ENGREF, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ENGR0034.
Full textIbanez, Thomas. "Dynamiques des forêts denses humides et des savanes en réponse aux incendies en Nouvelle-Calédonie." Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00681865.
Full textBushula, Bruce Simphiwe. "Using a classroom library to promote extensive reading in a Grade 8 class in a Fort Beaufort District School, Eastern Cape : an action research case study." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017333.
Full textTarnaud, Laurent. "L'ontogenèse du comportement alimentaire du primate Eulemur fulvus en forêt sèche (Mayotte, Archipel des Comores) en relation avec le lien mère-jeune et la disponibilité des ressources alimentaires." Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002804.
Full textObi, Uloma Nkpurunma. "Stakeholders' participation in curriculum development in four secondary schools in Fort Beaufort education district, Eastern cape province: towards a participatory curriculum model." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/5840.
Full textSILVA, DEL POZO XAVIER. "Les insectes et autres arthropodes du sol en foret mesothermique intertropicale (equateur) : etude comparative de la structure spatio-temporelle des peuplements dans des formations primaires et secondaires." Paris 6, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA066798.
Full textWare, Charmaine R. "Developing a framework for the retention of secondary school students : factors characterizing graduates and non graduates of the Fort Hayes Metropolitan Education Center /." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487951214938065.
Full textDelp, Don J. "The Effect of Professional Development Training for Secondary Mathematics Teachers Concerning Nontraditional Employment Roles for Females." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3258/.
Full textAxelson, Gregory Carl. "School District Actions that Support the Development of Professional Learning Communities in High Schools." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc984132/.
Full textLatsha, Xolisa Noluvo. "An investigation of teacher participation in decision -making, curriculum and management issues: a case study of four secondary schools in the Fort Beaufort District, Eastern Cape Province." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/1851.
Full textOspina, Arango Juan David. "Predictive models for side effects following radiotherapy for prostate cancer." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S046/document.
Full textExternal beam radiotherapy (EBRT) is one of the cornerstones of prostate cancer treatment. The objectives of radiotherapy are, firstly, to deliver a high dose of radiation to the tumor (prostate and seminal vesicles) in order to achieve a maximal local control and, secondly, to spare the neighboring organs (mainly the rectum and the bladder) to avoid normal tissue complications. Normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models are then needed to assess the feasibility of the treatment and inform the patient about the risk of side effects, to derive dose-Volume constraints and to compare different treatments. In the context of EBRT, the objectives of this thesis were to find predictors of bladder and rectal complications following treatment; to develop new NTCP models that allow for the integration of both dosimetric and patient parameters; to compare the predictive capabilities of these new models to the classic NTCP models and to develop new methodologies to identify dose patterns correlated to normal complications following EBRT for prostate cancer treatment. A large cohort of patient treated by conformal EBRT for prostate caner under several prospective French clinical trials was used for the study. In a first step, the incidence of the main genitourinary and gastrointestinal symptoms have been described. With another classical approach, namely logistic regression, some predictors of genitourinary and gastrointestinal complications were identified. The logistic regression models were then graphically represented to obtain nomograms, a graphical tool that enables clinicians to rapidly assess the complication risks associated with a treatment and to inform patients. This information can be used by patients and clinicians to select a treatment among several options (e.g. EBRT or radical prostatectomy). In a second step, we proposed the use of random forest, a machine-Learning technique, to predict the risk of complications following EBRT for prostate cancer. The superiority of the random forest NTCP, assessed by the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiving operative characteristic (ROC) curve, was established. In a third step, the 3D dose distribution was studied. A 2D population value decomposition (PVD) technique was extended to a tensorial framework to be applied on 3D volume image analysis. Using this tensorial PVD, a population analysis was carried out to find a pattern of dose possibly correlated to a normal tissue complication following EBRT. Also in the context of 3D image population analysis, a spatio-Temporal nonparametric mixed-Effects model was developed. This model was applied to find an anatomical region where the dose could be correlated to a normal tissue complication following EBRT
Chinyama, Nyarayi. "The role of the peer educators in enhancing social and emotional learning: a case of foursecondary schools in Fort Beaufort district." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1006257.
Full textMichel, Christelle. "L'aérosol de combustion dans une région en grande mutation, l'Asie." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00069797.
Full textMon travail de thèse a eu pour but, tout d'abord, de développer un inventaire d'émissions de gaz et particules issues des feux de biomasse pour les campagnes ACE-Asia (Aerosol Characterization Experiment) et TRACE-P (Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific), de mars à mai 2001. Pour ce faire, j'ai mis en œuvre une méthodologie la plus adaptée à mon étude, qui repose sur la cartographie des surfaces brûlées (projet GBA2000 (Global Burnt Area 2000) [Tansey et al., 2003]).
Les résultats de cette étude, ABBI (Asian Biomass Burning Inventory) [Michel et al., 2005] ont été comparés avec un autre inventaire d'émissions de feux de végétation (ACESS : ACE-Asia and TRACE-P Modelling and Emission Support System) [Streets et al., 2003], construit, non pas à partir des surfaces brûlées, mais à partir des pixels de feux actifs. Cette comparaison illustre les limitations de l'utilisation des pixels de feux dans l'établissement des cartes d'inventaires d'émissions par les feux de biomasse, tout en soulignant l'importance et la pertinence de la méthode retenue dans mon étude. Une comparaison avec les données de l'année 2000, obtenues selon la même procédure, souligne toute l'importance des variations interannuelles.
L'inventaire ABBI a été introduit dans le modèle méso-échelle MésoNH-C couplé au module aérosol ORISAM (ORganic and Inorganic Spectral Aerosol Module) [Bessagnet, 2000]. Une attention particulière a porté sur l'étude du transport des émissions de feux de végétation à travers le continent asiatique. Des comparaisons entre les données simulées et les mesures in-situ et aéroportées ont montré des résultats satisfaisants dans certains cas, mais ont également fait encore apparaître certaines limitations. Des tests de sensibilités ont été effectués pour comprendre l'origine de ces différences, avec tout d'abord une deuxième simulation avec MésoNH-C-ORISAM effectuée avec l'inventaire ACESS pour étudier l'impact des émissions de feux. Le module ORISAM dans sa version 0D a été ensuite utilisé pour mettre en évidence de manière détaillée les paramètres contrôlant la formation de l'aérosol secondaire au sein du modèle.
Au total, tout en faisant ressortir l'importance majeure des inventaires d'émissions gazeuses et particulaires à l'échelle continentale, ce travail va au delà de ce thème, en montrant notamment l'apport du modèle d'aérosol ORISAM à l'analyse et la compréhension des processus de chimie hétérogène dans les épisodes de pollution affectant l'Asie.
Rigoudy, Charles. "Couches minces diélectriques avec des inclusions de nanoparticules d'argent réalisées par voie plasma conçues pour le contrôle du gradient de charges électriques sous irradiation électronique pour des applications spatiales." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30268.
Full textElectron emission phenomenon is intensively studied in many fundamental areas in physics and lays down the principle of operation of a large number of devices such as field emission display devices, Hall thrusters, etc. It is better described for metals. However, when originating from insulating materials it becomes a critical phenomenon involved in reliability issues of components in space applications where surface flashover phenomena and vacuum breakdown are entirely controlled by the electron emission from solids. Depending on the energy of impinging electrons and the dielectric properties, the electrons can be trapped within the dielectric bulk, and/or be responsible of electron emission phenomena. This PhD work, carried out at the interface of three research domains: plasma deposition of thin nanocomposite layers, dielectric charging and charge transport in thin dielectrics, and characterization of materials under irradiation in space environment, aims to explore the effect of metal inclusions (silver nanoparticles, AgNPs), embedded in thin dielectric silica layers, on the physical mechanisms (charge injection, trapping, transport and secondary electron emission from the surface) responsible of the dielectric charging and electron emission from dielectrics, in order to modulate them. Nanostructured thin dielectric silica layers containing a single plan of AgNPs have been elaborated by plasma process successfully combining in the same reactor sputtering of a metallic target and plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). Structural characterization of the resulting samples has been performed to determine the chemical composition of the plasma silica matrix as well as to obtain the AgNPs size, shape, density and distribution and the total thickness of the structure. These analyses allowed correlation of the structural parameters with the response of the obtained nanostructured dielectric layers under electrical stress and electronic irradiation. It was found that for low energy of the incident electrons (< 2keV) the total electron emission yield (TEEY) from thin silica layers without AgNPs presents an atypical shape with local minimum situated at around 1keV. To get closer to the description of this behavior a model for the TEEY was developed. It is based on Dionne's model, but adapted to dielectrics. It considers the internal electric field resulting from dielectric charging phenomenon.[...]
Jordan, Marie-Odile. "Mise en place du systeme racinaire du mais : definition et caracterisation au champ et en conditions controlees des parametres descriptifs du systeme racinaire, construction de l'organigramme d'un modele cinetique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR13329.
Full textAubin, Isabelle écologiste. "Évaluation de l'intégrité écologique des écosystèmes forestiers du Québec méridional : développement d'une approche basée sur le fonctionnment et la structure du sous-bois." Thèse, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18273.
Full textLemieux, Julie. "Phénologie de l'épinette noire dans le haut boréal : un patron de la croissance intra-annuelle primaire et secondaire en relation avec la température de l'air journalière." Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2660/1/M11254.pdf.
Full textGendreau-Berthiaume, Benoît. "Comparaison de la dynamique forestière suite à des perturbations secondaires naturelles et des coupes partielles." Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3597/1/M11549.pdf.
Full textHsu, Chien-Hui, and 許千慧. "Research of Consumption Value and Consumer Lifestyle on The Secondary Market of Fort Worth Bridge." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37225200873741524066.
Full text國立臺北教育大學
文化創意產業經營學系
100
With increasing global awareness of environmental protection, many advanced countries have created recycling programs, and society has trends for reuse through second-hand buying and selling of many products. In order to advocate the concept of environmental protection, Taiwanese government has gradually pushed the related recycling projects, and non-governmental groups are often organizing second-hand weekend markets (shopping areas specifically for used products.) Additionally, during times of economic recession, more people are turning to second-hand consumption as a cost-saving measure. This study selects a second-hand market in the Fort Worth Bridge area of Taipei. This is a good representation of regional second-hand markets, due to the large number of vendors and shoppers at the location. Consumers were surveyed to understand their lifestyle and opinions of second-hand goods. Investigated are four consumption motivations, as cited from Sheth, Newan and Gross. These motives include functional, social, emotional, and curiosity. Results show a tend toward emotional and curiosity value for second-hand goods overall. For the consumer lifestyle, using Plummer’s lifestyle theory as the basis with the cluster analysis, consumers of the Fort Worth Bridge secondary market are divided into three groups- fashion-romanticism style, pragmatism style, and otaku style. This study describes the second-hand consumption motives of each style group. Consumers in the fashion-romanticism style group think goods from second-hand markets have curiosity value while those in the pragmatism style group find the goods have emotional value. The otaku style group had fairly even scores in each functional, social, emotional, and curiosity categories, with only slightly higher on emotional value.
VanSpronsen, Amanda Dianne. "The Peer Context: Relationship Analysis to Inform Peer Education Programs in Fort Portal, Uganda." Master's thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10048/771.
Full textA thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Population Health, Department of Public Health Sciences. Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on November 8, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.