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Academic literature on the topic 'Forêt tempérée'
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Journal articles on the topic "Forêt tempérée"
VERNIER, F., and F. LE TACON. "Possibilité d'utilisation des légumineuses arborescentes en forêt tempérée." Revue Forestière Française, no. 3 (1988): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/2042/25885.
Full textKarsenty, Alain. "Is sustainable logging possible in Africa’s dense forest?" BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 336 (September 6, 2018): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2018.336.a31615.
Full textHétu, Bernard, and James T. Gray. "Évolution postglaciaire des versants de la région de Mont-Louis, Gaspésie, Québec." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 34, no. 2 (January 28, 2011): 187–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1000397ar.
Full textAubréville, André, and Ilona Bossanyi. "Erosion under Forest Cover and Erosion in Deforested Areas in the Humid Tropical Zone." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 323, no. 323 (January 7, 2015): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2015.323.a31259.
Full textPerpère, Marie. "Barbaza M., 1999 : Les civilisations postglaciaires. La vie dans la grande forêt tempérée." L'Anthropologie 104, no. 3 (July 2000): 484–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-5521(00)80018-7.
Full textJactel, Hervé, and Lorenzo Marini. "Libre évolution des forêts et maîtrise du risque sanitaire associé aux scolytes des conifères." Revue forestière française 73, no. 2-3 (March 30, 2022): 383–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/revforfr.2021.5477.
Full textSoubelet, Hélène, and Jean-François Silvain. "Écosystèmes forestiers et maladies infectieuses : des liens complexes." Revue forestière française 72, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/revforfr.2020.5322.
Full textMatagrin, Dominique Henri. "Pour une nullité bien tempérée." Revue française de criminologie et de droit pénal N° 15, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rfcdp.015.0039.
Full textCôté, Benoît. "Fertilisation des forêts dans les pays tempérés." Forest Ecology and Management 99, no. 3 (December 1997): 355–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1127(96)03988-6.
Full textPEYRON, J. L., Catherine LEPRIEUR, and J. M. DURAND. "Application de la télédétection à l'aménagement des forêts tempérées." Revue Forestière Française, S (1988): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/2042/25939.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Forêt tempérée"
Alvarez, Eric. "Influence d'un siècle de récolte forestière sur la forêt mélangée tempérée de la Mauricie." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26252/26252.pdf.
Full textTo ensure sustainable development in a temperate mixedwood boreal forest in central Quebec (Canada), forest managers would like to measure the historical impact of harvesting on forest cover evolution at the landscape level. The main objective of this study was to document, at the landscape level, the historical effects of harvesting on forest cover evolution and wood volume. The study was mainly based on archival records, particularly AbitibiBowater inc 's archives. The objective of the first chapter of this study was to characterize the pre-industrial forest. The main natural disturbances were big fires in 1870 and 1923 and three spruce budworm epidemics in the 20th century. Whatever the scale considered in this study, the pre-industrial forest cover was mainly composed of mature or old-growth (> 100 years) and dominated by mixedwood forest stands with intolerant hardwoods. The main forest species were white birch, black spruce and jack pine, three species associated to forest succession after fire in the boreal forest. Chapter 2 had as objectives to make an historical reconstruction of forest cover evolution in 14 landscapes and to qualify the possible effects of harvesting. For the latter, we used three analytical methods in a triangulation approach. The main alteration of forest harveting on forest cover was qualified as additive to the natural dynamic, particularly considering the increase of intolerant hardwoods. The objective of chapter 3 was to make an historical reconstruction of wood harvesting in a past forest concession (Vermillon). We monitored indicators of forest sustainability in order to discuss the impacts of forest concession revocation in 1986. In the context of our study we noted an increase of wood harvesting after the revocation. Although we were unable to conclude that the new policy was a threat to wood production sustainability, on a sustainable yield basis, our security margin has surely diminished since the introduction of the policy of 1986. “To keep in mind the actions we have done and their results” should be a leitmotiv in our forest management. At least, we should record the data collected during regular operations.
Allombert, Sylvain. "Effets des cervidés sur les communautés animales en forêt tempérée : Intéractions complexes dans une expérience naturelle." Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20191.
Full textHafidi, Najat. "Relation entre l'hétérogénéité de la structure des litières et le peuplement de macroarthropodes édaphiques en forêt tempérée." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112127.
Full textGOREAUD, François. "Apports de l'analyse de la structure spatiale en forêt tempérée à l'étude et la modélisation des peuplements complexes." Phd thesis, ENGREF (AgroParisTech), 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005747.
Full textDans ce mémoire je présente quelques exemples de questions écologiques pour lesquelles la prise en compte de la structure spatiale apporte des éléments de réponse. J'ai utilisé le formalisme des processus ponctuels, et plus particulièrement la fonction de Ripley K(r), pour analyser des peuplements réels et simuler des peuplements virtuels. Ces outils ont été utiles pour décrire les peuplements, pour concevoir, utiliser et évaluer des modèles. J'ai par exemple proposé un modèle spatialisé de la mortalité lors des tempêtes dans la réserve de la Tillaie, et j'ai évalué différents modèles d'éclaircie sur le dispositif de Lamotte-Beuvron. Sur le dispositif du Beau Poirier, l'utilisation conjointe de modèles dendrométriques et de modèles d'écologie théorique m'a permis d'étudier la survie du chêne dans le mélange chêne et hêtre, et a apporté des éléments de réponse à la question plus générale de la survie en mélange d'une espèce moins compétitive. A moyen terme, l'analyse de la structure spatiale pourrait jouer un rôle important dans l'évolution des modèles dendrométriques, et en particulier dans la réflexion sur les données et les dispositifs, dans la prise en compte du compartiment sol, et dans le couplage avec des modèles d'écologie théorique pour faciliter le passage de l'échelle de l'arbre à l'échelle du peuplement.
Chauvet, Mickaël. "Coexistence d’espèces ligneuses et assemblage des communautés en forêt tempérée : une approche basée sur un modèle de dynamique forestière." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTS009.
Full textUnderstanding the coexistence of plant species and their assembly within natural communities remains one of the fundamental goals of ecology, and this major challenge appears even more crucial in the current context of global change. The aim of this work was to better understand how the abiotic and biotic factors determined tree communities’ assembly in temperate forests. These questions can only be considered on the long term, which is especially difficult for forest ecosystems because of their slow dynamics. Therefore we used an original approach based on a forest dynamic model. Following trait-based empirical studies in community ecology, we tried to identify the functional signatures of environmental filtering and competition in forest communities along a productivity gradient in Central Europe. Our results showed that environmental filtering is a major determinant of community structure as it reduced the trait range all along the gradient, with stronger effects in harsh sites with low productivity. Further looking for identifying underlying causal processes, we showed that competition for light led to a convergence of functional community structure, and that this convergence increased with site productivity. Furthermore, our results suggested that inter-annual climatic variability does not systematically result in biodiversity loss, and could even promote species coexistence through changes in the hierarchy of competitors over time. Finally, we showed that differences in trait values of tree species could promote coexistence through differential species responses to inter-annual climatic variability and to light conditions. These findings bring new insights regarding the understanding of tree communities’ structure, and they provide an integrative understanding of the complex processes driving community assembly and species coexistence in natural forests
Deniau, Maud. "Mécanismes de recrutement du chêne (Quercus sp.) en forêt tempérée : rôle des arbres adultes sur les graines et les plantules." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1B048.
Full textConspecific (or closely related) adults reduce seed/seedling recruitment in their proximity, due to high pressure from specialized or little mobile enemies (Janzen-Connell Hypothesis). However, the importance of the Janzen-Connell effect remains controversial, suggesting that interactions between adults and seedlings are not restricted to close conspecific adults, nor to specialized enemies: heterospecific adults, size of adults and dominance of their lineage in the canopy may also control seed/seedling recruitment. Moreover, effects of adults on seeds/seedlings may be mediated by generalist or mobile enemies, fungal mutualists, and microenvironmental conditions. We studied the effect of adult trees on recruitment of oak seeds/seedlings, via mobile enemies, fungal mutualists, and finally microenvironmental conditions. Our results demonstrated that (i) a conspecific adult impedes recruitment of proximate seedlings by accumulating specialist decomposers that favor nutritional quality of seedlings and thereby attract herbivores. Moreover, a large adult attracts mollusk herbivores; (ii) a heterospecific adult favors recruitment of proximate seedlings, by reducing herbivory and improving the micro-environment; (iii) a closely related canopy favors seeds and seedlings recruitment, by oversaturating seed predators and increasing mycorrhizal support, respectively. Hence, our results permit to identify forest structures that are optimal for oak recruitment. Moreover, our results suggest that recruitment maintain oaks close to related species, in their ancestral niche
Percel, Gwendoline. "Réponse des espèces lignicoles à la disponibilité des habitats en forêt tempérée : approche multi-échelles du micro-habitat au paysage." Thesis, Orléans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ORLE2055/document.
Full textIntensive forestry induces a simplification of forest stand structure, composition, and dynamics, resulting in a decrease of density and diversity of old-growth forest attributes (deadwood and tree-related microhabitats). These elements represent critical habitats for lignicolous species. At the landscape scale, forest management planning create a spatial discontinuity of these microhabitats, which can be perceived as a fragmentation process for many species. Although habitat fragmentation is currently recognized as one of the major threats to biodiversity, its impact on species in managed temperate forest are still poorly understood. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of microhabitat availability (quantity and configuration) on species communities and populations, at multiple spatial scales, in order to provide evidence-based recommendations regarding the spatial arrangement of conservation strategies. We proposed a statistical methodology to predict the microhabitats distribution within the complex of the Compiègne forest (France). Based on this predictive mapping, we showed that different guilds of saproxylic beetles, defined according to their life history traits related to dispersal abilities, respond to the landscape structure at different spatial scales. Modelling metapopulation dynamics of an epixylic bryophyte (Dicranum viride) has highlighted the importance of dispersal on colonization/extinction processes that underlie the species’ occurrence patterns observed at the forest scale. Our results emphasize the key role of deadwood and tree-related microhabitats, which can be considered as relevant management leverage. Increase their quantity and optimize their spatial arrangement within and between forest stands, appears to be essential for persistence of the lignicolous species within managed forests
Mobaied, Samira. "La dynamique spatiotemporelle de la végétation et l'organisation de la biodiversité des interfaces lande-forêt tempérée : implication pour la gestion conservatoire des réserves naturelles." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MNHN0004.
Full textEuropean heathlands were maintained by traditional agro-pastoral practices over the last 3000 years. Since 1950s, these traditional land uses have almost completely disappeared. As a result, heathland areas have been drastically reduced and have been overrun by grasses and woody species. Heathlands conservation requires consistent and permanent management action to control the natural succession. The ‘Trois Pignons’ forest (Fontainebleau, France) consists of a mosaic of heathlands and forests which are integrated into the Managed Biological Reserves (RBD). Since 1992, the managers of this RBD aim to maintain heathlands. In this context, we study in a first part, heathland vegetation dynamics at different spatial and temporal scales. Results show a gradual change from Ericaceae species in pure stand to a mosaic of grasses and Ericaceae, despite the application of measures to maintain this habitat in managed heathland. The development of grasses is correlated with thinness of the spatial variability of soil properties and the spatial variability of reforestation. In a second part, we assess changes in forest cover between 1946 and 2003. Results show the loss of 60% of heathlands during 1946–2003 associated to a similar increase in forest areas and the persistence of C. Vulgaris in coniferous stands and young mixed stand. We also study relationship between landscape spatio-temporal heterogeneity and biodiversity in mosaic-landscapes. The results indicate that in the areas of high spatio-temporal heterogeneity, a general increase is observed in species richness, in particular for vascular plants, bryophytes and carabids. The study demonstrates how spatial methods can contribute to the design of reliable management methods of habitats such as the heathlands, and enable us to offer recommendations as to how to better manage heathland semi-natural habitats of the Fontainebleau forest and elsewhere in Europe
Adrados, Christophe. "Occupation de l'espace et utilisation de l'habitat par le cerf (Cervus Elaphus L. ) en forêt tempérée en moyenne montagne : approche au moyen du GPS." Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30066.
Full textBaltzinger, Christophe. "Sélection des sites de repos par le cerf (Cervus Elaphus L. ) et le chevreuil (Capreolus Capreolus L. ) vivant en sympatrie en forêt tempérée de moyenne montagne." Paris, Engref, 2003. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005727.
Full textRed Deer (Cervus elaphus) and Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus) are two abundant cervids in Europe, and they often share the same habitat. Cervids rest for about half of the time. However their bedsite selection criteria have rarely been studied. Our goal is double : i) to describe bedsite selection patterns for each species at different temporospatial scales and ii) to compare those selection patterns between species. The study took place in the Forêt Domaniale du Bougès, Parc National des Cévennes, France. Transect sampling helped us describe the characteristics of 425 bedsites, within 2 winter and 2 summer periods. PCR methodology applied to hair DNA collected on the bedsites proved to be efficient to distinguish between Red and Roe Deer. At the forest stand scale, Red and Roe Deer widely overlap in their use of different stands types as bedding sites. Both cervids tend to avoid adult coniferous stands in winter and summer. Roe Deer is less selective than Red Deer at this scale and uses forest stands relative to their availability. Red Deer is highly selective and shows a marked preference for young coniferous stands. At the microhabitat scale, Red and Roe Deer always search for good visual protection, through a well developed lateral cover. That cover is predominantly composed by conifers for the Red Deer, whereas the Roe Deer also uses deciduous cover when it is available during summer. In winter, Roe Deer beds under a large canopy cover, this cover is larger than for Red Deer. It chooses bedsites near edges whereas Red Deer rests far away from them. We discuss those differences in the selection patterns between the Red Deer, that occupies a wide home range, and the territorial Roe Deer, that lives on a more restricted range
Books on the topic "Forêt tempérée"
Colloque, sur le développement durable de la forêt boréale et de la forêt tempérée (1993 Montréal Québec). Colloque sur le développement durable de la forêt boréale et de la forêt tempérée, du 27 septembre au 1er octobre 1993, Montréal (Québec), Canada: Rapport technique, annexe I : allocution de clôture, rapports d'ateliers, allocution d'ouverture, présentations par des conférenciers invités. Ottawa, Ont: Service canadien des forêts, 1994.
Find full textBonneau, Maurice. Fertilisation des forêts dans les pays tempérés: Théorie, bases du diagnostic, conseils pratiques, réalisations expérimentales. Nancy: ENGREF, 1995.
Find full text1942-, Bunnell Fred L., and Dunsworth Glen B. 1952-, eds. Forestry and biodiversity: Learning how to sustain biodiversity in managed forests. Vancouver, BC: UBC Press, 2009.
Find full text1942-, Bunnell Fred L., and Dunsworth Glen B. 1952-, eds. Forestry and biodiversity: Learning how to sustain biodiversity in managed forests. Vancouver, BC: UBC Press, 2009.
Find full textBarbaza, Michel. Les Civilisations postglaciaires : La Vie dans la grande forêt tempérée. La Maison des roches, 2003.
Find full textLes animaux du monde: Dans le forêt amazonienne, dans les eaux douces, en montagne, dans le désert, dans la fôret tempérée. BK, 2006.
Find full textSedjo, Roger A., Alberto Goetzl, and Stevenson O. Moffat. Sustainability of Temperate Forests. Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.
Find full textSedjo, Roger A., Alberto Goetzl, and Stevenson O. Moffat. Sustainability of Temperate Forests. Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.
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