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1

Kusumodestoni, R. Hadapiningradja, and Suyatno Suyatno. "PREDIKSI FOREX MENGGUNAKAN MODEL NEURAL NETWORK." Simetris : Jurnal Teknik Mesin, Elektro dan Ilmu Komputer 6, no. 2 (November 1, 2015): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.24176/simet.v6i2.453.

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ABSTRAK Prediksi adalah salah satu teknik yang paling penting dalam menjalankan bisnis forex. Keputusan dalam memprediksi adalah sangatlah penting, karena dengan prediksi dapat membantu mengetahui nilai forex di waktu tertentu kedepan sehingga dapat mengurangi resiko kerugian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini dimaksudkan memprediksi bisnis fores menggunakan model neural network dengan data time series per 1 menit untuk mengetahui nilai akurasi prediksi sehingga dapat mengurangi resiko dalam menjalankan bisnis forex. Metode penelitian pada penelitian ini meliputi metode pengumpulan data kemudian dilanjutkan ke metode training, learning, testing menggunakan neural network. Setelah di evaluasi hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa penerapan algoritma Neural Network mampu untuk memprediksi forex dengan tingkat akurasi prediksi 0.431 +/- 0.096 sehingga dengan prediksi ini dapat membantu mengurangi resiko dalam menjalankan bisnis forex. Kata kunci: prediksi, forex, neural network.
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Zaborowski, Hubert. "Zarządzanie ryzykiem na rynku walutowym Forex." Nowoczesne Systemy Zarządzania 12, no. 4 (December 22, 2017): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.37055/nsz/129405.

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Forex jest największym rynkiem finansowym na świecie. Szacowane dzienne obroty w kwietniu 2013 r. wynosiły około 5,3 biliona dolarów amerykańskich. Forex dzięki swoim cechom wyróżnia się na tle innych rynków i przyciąga miliony inwestorów na całym świecie. Jednocześnie należy podkreślić, że jest to bardzo trudny rynek i zanim przystąpi się do inwestowania, dobrze jest zdobyć jak najwięcej wiedzy w tym zakresie. W artykule skupię się na istocie Forexu oraz odpowiem na pytanie, jak można uchronić się przed utratą pieniędzy, skutecznie zarządzając ryzykiem na tym rynku finansowym.
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ŞENDUR, YEŞİM. "FOREX PİYASASINDA RİSKLER." İktisadi İdari ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi 2, no. 2 (February 27, 2017): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.25204/iktisad.305438.

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ŞENDUR, Yeşim. "FOREX PİYASASININ KENDİNE HAS ÖZELLİKLERİ VE FOREX PİYASASININ PAY PİYASALARI V." Journal of Academic Social Science Studies 8, Number: 28 (January 1, 2014): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.9761/jasss2527.

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5

Lequeux, Pierre. "Fluid reading, forex risk." Quantitative Finance 2, no. 4 (August 2002): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1469-7688/2/4/701.

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6

Licis, Kristaps. "ForEx Trade on Internet." Journal of Alternative Investments 3, no. 3 (December 31, 2000): 73–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jai.2000.318970.

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7

Saglam, Ismail. "Perverse Effects of Non-sterilized Interventions on Spot Foreign Exchange Rates." South Asian Journal of Macroeconomics and Public Finance 8, no. 1 (May 1, 2019): 26–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2277978719836307.

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We study the effects of non-sterilized intervention on a spot foreign exchange (forex) rate using a multi-period game-theoretical model which involves an unspecified number of competitive traders, a finite number of strategic traders (forex dealers) with heterogenous initial money balances, and the central bank of the home country. Simulating the subgame-perfect Nash equilibrium of the two-stage game played by the forex dealers in each period, we show that the non-sterilized intervention of the central bank may lead to a perverse effect on the spot forex rate. We call the mechanism underlying this effect strategic trade switching channel that works when an increase in the central bank’s forex currency demand (supply) exerts such a big upward (downward) effect on the forex rate that some sufficiently big dealers, who optimally bought (sold) forex currency in the previous period when the forex rate was sufficiently low, find in the current period selling (buying) it more profitable, thus moving the forex rate in a direction undesired by the central bank. JEL Classification: D43, F31, G20
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8

Gusmansyah, Wery, Ajeng Ibrah ‘Alamm, and Wahyu Abdul Jafar. "Analysis Of Sharia Economic On Forex Trading Of Financial Broker Succes Traders." International Journal of Educational Research & Social Sciences 3, no. 3 (June 25, 2022): 1182–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.51601/ijersc.v3i3.371.

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There are two issues studied in this thesis: (1) How to Trade Forex on a Financial Broker Succes Trader, (2) How to Analyze Sharia Economic Law on Forex Trading at a Financial Broker Succes Trader. This thesis aims to find out how to trade Forex on a Financial Broker Success Trader and the analysis of sharia economic law on Forex Trading at a Financial Broker Success Trader. This research is a type of field research with empirical normative research methods. From the results of this study, it was found that: (1) Forex Trading on a Financial Broker Success Trader has three aspects, namely; a forex trading contract made with the approval of both parties by filling in personal data before creating an FBS account, forex trading procedures on FBS from how to sell and buy, how to withdraw funds (profits and deposits) and how to freeze a temporary account for traders. Then regarding the object of forex trading transactions on FBS, namely by trading currency pairs of different types. (2) The analysis of sharia economic law on forex trading contracts on FBS is following the provisions of sharia economic law that forex trading is also called al-sharf, namely buying and selling foreign currencies and not trading in similar currencies at different prices but in different currencies at a different rate or value. Forex trading is the same as buying and selling in general, and there is nothing prohibited in Islamic economic law. The procedure for forex trading on FBS is also appropriate regarding how to sell, buy, and withdraw funds and does not include prohibitions in sharia economic law. Regarding the object of forex trading transactions on FBS, it follows the provisions of sharia economic law, namely not trading goods of the same value at different prices but foreign currencies (different types) with different prices.
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9

Omar, Rafik Fakhry, and Eleri Jones. "Critical evaluation of the compliance of online Islamic FOREX trading with Islamic principles." International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management 8, no. 1 (April 20, 2015): 64–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imefm-06-2014-0059.

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Purpose – This study aims to evaluate the compliance of online Islamic FOREX products with Islamic jurisprudence principles and determines the degree of similarity or difference between Islamic and conventional FOREX products. Design/methodology/approach – This study involves the collection and analysis of secondary data from online sources (i.e. four Islamic FOREX Web sites selected on the basis that they appeared on two Islamic FOREX Web site lists) It also undertakes content analysis of the rulings of jurisprudence scholars on one of the Web sites. Findings – There is no evidence to suggest that the technical processes underpinning current Islamic FOREX products are any different to those underpinning conventional FOREX products. Also there are major contradiction and ambiguities in the rulings offered by the jurisprudence scholars about the permissibility of the products. Research limitations/implications – The study relies on the analysis of secondary data. Further research that will involve interviews with banking industry employees in both conventional and Islamic banking sectors would provide a better understanding of: how financial products are created and managed and the role of bank regulations in creating and managing different financial products. Practical implications – It would seem that Islamic FOREX is simply rebranding of conventional FOREX. The paper calls for a modern-day definition of usury (riba). Social implications – The way Islamic FOREX is marketed today to online users as synonymous with gambling, and, although branded as Islamic, the actual technical processes that underpin Islamic FOREX products are the same as conventional FOREX products and therefore not compliant with Islamic principles. Originality/value – This research explores the marketing of Islamic FOREX products.
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Abednego, Luciana, and Cecilia Esti Nugraheni. "Forex Data Analysis using Weka." International Journal of Fuzzy Logic Systems 11, no. 1 (January 31, 2021): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijfls.2021.11103.

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This paper conducts some experiments with forex trading data. The data being used is from kaggle.com, a website that provides datasets for machine learning and data scientists. The goal of the experiments is to know how to design many parameters in a forex trading robot. Some questions that want to be investigated are: How far the robot must set the stop loss or target profit level from the open position? When is the best time to apply for a forex robot that works only in a trending market? Which one is better: a forex trading robot that waits for a trending market or a robot that works during a sideways market? To answer these questions, some data visualizations are plotted in many types of graphs. The data representations are built using Weka, an open-source machine learning software. The data visualization helps the trader to design the strategy to trade the forex market.
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11

Pakhrudin, Khairul, Kamalia Azma Kamaruddin, and Fauziah Ahmad. "TRADER HUB SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT USING VAN K THARP EXPECTANCY THEORY TO ANALYSE RETAIL FOREX TRADING SYSTEM PERFORMANCE." MALAYSIAN JOURNAL OF COMPUTING 5, no. 2 (August 3, 2020): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/mjoc.v5i2.8995.

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With the advance of technology, foreign exchange trading, known as forex or FX trading, has been conducted electronically using the Internet. Forex traders were using technical analysis to project the best price when buying or selling currencies, and by using the technical analysis tools, they have created their own trading system. Forex traders need to make consistent profitability in the long term to sustain in the forex market, therefore a good trading system is vital. In order to evaluate their trading system performance, forex traders can use the backtesting and forward testing methods. However, these two methods took a long time to perform and did not provide the exact benchmark quality of the trading system. This paper describes how Van K Tharp Expectancy Theory was applied in the development of the Trader Hub System (THS) to evaluate forex trading systems quality. By using the system development life cycle (SDLC) methodology, four phases have been undertaken, which were requirements gathering, requirements analysis, system design, and system development. The outcome is a system that can easily evaluate forex trading system performance; thus, it may help retail forex traders in Malaysia to do technical analysis on their foreign exchange pairs.
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Piekunko-Mantiuk, Iwona. "Forex as an alternative for capital market." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego Finanse Rynki Finansowe Ubezpieczenia 90 (2017): 81–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/frfu.2017.90-06.

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13

Sobri, Nadiatul Athirah, and Azlin Alisa Ahmad. "Kedudukan Transaksi Perdagangan Forex Secara Atas Talian oleh Individu Menurut Perspektif Syariah." Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH) 7, no. 7 (July 29, 2022): e001694. http://dx.doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v7i7.1694.

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Dewasa ini, perdagangan forex oleh individu secara atas talian semakin popular dan banyak dilaksanakan oleh orang ramai. Pengiklanan perdagangan forex yang sering tular di media sosial ini menarik minat ramai orang untuk menceburinya disebabkan keuntungan lumayan yang dijanjikan lebih-lebih lagi ketika kemerosotan ekonomi masyarakat pada era pandemik. Namun, adakah perdagangan dan pelaburan forex ini diterima di sisi syariah? Percanggahan pandangan pakar terhadap perdagangan forex individu secara atas talian masih menjadi isu yang diperdebatkan sehingga kini walaupun kebanyakan ulama di Malaysia telah menghukumkan transaksi ini haram. Namun, terdapat juga sebahagian ulama membolehkan perdagangan forex individu secara atas talian tetapi mestilah dilaksanakan dengan kriteria dan syarat yang ketat. Justeru, artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pandangan dan hukum-hukum berkaitan perdagangan forex secara individu untuk mengenal pasti kedudukannya menurut Islam. Artikel ini berbentuk kajian kualitatif yang mengguna pakai kaedah analisis kandungan sebagai kaedah pengumpulan data. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa perdagangan forex individu secara atas talian adalah haram kerana mengandungi isu-isu syariah seperti unsur riba, perjudian, tiada qabd, untung atas angin dan banyak lagi isu syariah yang lain. Walaupun terdapat garis panduan yang diberikan oleh pengkaji lepas untuk menjadikan perdagangan forex ini harus, seperti tiada pertangguhan dalam transaksi, tiada leverage/margin dan sebagainya, namun kajian ini mendapati bahawa masih terdapat isu syariah lain yang tetap timbul seperti tiada pegangan qabd ke atas mata wang dan ini tidak dapat mengharuskan sepenuhnya transaksi perdagangan forex ini dalam Islam. Justeru, hasil kajian ini akan memberikan implikasi kepada masyarakat dan pedagang agar memahami tentang elemen-elemen yang membawa kepada pengharaman perdagangan forex agar tidak terpengaruh dengan iklan yang menjanjikan pelbagai keuntungan sekiranya memasuki transaksi ini.
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14

Rafiqah, Rafiqah. "Analisis Shari’ah Compliance Pada Trading Forex Online." MISYKAT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Al-Quran, Hadist, Syari'ah dan Tarbiyah 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.33511/misykat.v5n1.147-164.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana operasional trading forex online baik yang Islami maupun yang konvensional dan kesesuaiannya dengan prisip-prinsip bay‟ Sharf dalam Islam, selain itu artikel ini juga menganalisa unsur-unsur syariah compliance yang ada pada trading tersebut. Ide dan pemikiran tentang rancangan konsep trading forex online yang Islami juga menjadi fokus dalam penelitian ini. Pendekatan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan deskriptif atas data kualitatif di mana akan dijelaskan fakta yang terjadi di dalam operasional trading forex online untuk kemudian dilihat kesesuaiannya dengan prinsip-prinsip Islam secara komprehensif. Temuan penelitian ini adalah bahwa meskipun sekilas Islamic forex trading berbeda dengan conventional forex trading, namun masih terkesan bias di mana secara teknis hampir tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kedua type transaksi tersebut. Artinya meskipun para broker akun forex Islami menawarkan transaksi tanpa elemen Rollever Interest, namun sebagian besar dari mereka masih mengenakan fee lainnya atas trader yang melakukan open positon lebih dari semalam, atau mengenakan kadar spread yang lebih tinggi menggantikan rollever interes
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Ahyati and Dian Masita Dewi. "Relationship between Risk Management and Investment Strategy on Profit Forex Trading Online Gold." Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences 5, no. 3 (April 26, 2022): 691–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/oaijss.v5i3.115.

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This study aims to analyze the effect of risk management and investment strategy on online forex trading, as well as the effect of risk management, investment strategy, and online forex trading on profit trading. The type of research used is an explanatory survey. The unit of analysis is members of the trader community in Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan, totaling 178 people with the sampling technique used is purposive sampling totaling 100 respondents. The variables used are risk management (X1), investment strategy (X2), online forex trading (Z), and profit trading (Y) using the path analysis method. The results of the study state that risk management has a significant effect on online forex trading, risk management has a significant effect on profit trading, investment strategies have a significant effect on online forex trading, investment strategies have a significant effect on profit trading, and online forex trading has a significant effect on profit trading.
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Ahyati and Dian Masita Dewi. "Relationship between Risk Management and Investment Strategy on Profit Forex Trading Online Gold." Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences 5, no. 3 (April 26, 2022): 691–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/oaijss.v5i3.115.

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This study aims to analyze the effect of risk management and investment strategy on online forex trading, as well as the effect of risk management, investment strategy, and online forex trading on profit trading. The type of research used is an explanatory survey. The unit of analysis is members of the trader community in Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan, totaling 178 people with the sampling technique used is purposive sampling totaling 100 respondents. The variables used are risk management (X1), investment strategy (X2), online forex trading (Z), and profit trading (Y) using the path analysis method. The results of the study state that risk management has a significant effect on online forex trading, risk management has a significant effect on profit trading, investment strategies have a significant effect on online forex trading, investment strategies have a significant effect on profit trading, and online forex trading has a significant effect on profit trading.
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17

Derrick, Simon, Neil Mellor, and Michael Woolfolk. "Global Markets 2006 Forex Outlook." Journal of Investing 15, no. 1 (February 28, 2006): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/joi.2006.616859.

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18

Tsiaras, Konstantinos. "Contagion in Futures FOREX Markets for the Post- Global Financial Crisis: A Multivariate FIGARCHcDCC Approach." Journal of Quantitative Methods 4, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.29145/2020/jqm/040102.

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This paper seeks to investigate the time-varying conditional correlations to the futures FOREX market returns. We employ a dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) Generalized ARCH (GARCH) model to find potential contagion effects among the markets. The under investigation period is 2014-2019. We focus on four major futures FOREX markets namely JPY/USD, KRW/USD, EUR/USD and INR/USD. The empirical results show an increase in conditional correlation or contagion for all the pairsof future FOREX markets. Based on the dynamic conditional correlations, KRW/USD seems to be the safest futures FOREX market. The results are of interest to policymakers who provide regulations for the futures FOREX markets. JEL Classification Codes: C58, C61, G11, G15
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19

Miśkiewicz, Janusz. "Network Analysis of Cross-Correlations on Forex Market during Crises. Globalisation on Forex Market." Entropy 23, no. 3 (March 15, 2021): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23030352.

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Within the paper, the problem of globalisation during financial crises is analysed. The research is based on the Forex exchange rates. In the analysis, the power law classification scheme (PLCS) is used. The study shows that during crises cross-correlations increase resulting in significant growth of cliques, and also the ranks of nodes on the converging time series network are growing. This suggests that the crises expose the globalisation processes, which can be verified by the proposed analysis.
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Oyemade, D. A., and D. Allenotor. "FAITH Software Life Cycle Model for Forex Expert Advisors." advances in multidisciplinary & scientific research journal publication 9, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22624/aims/maths/v9n1p1.

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The emotional stress and uncertainties associated with foreign exchange (forex) trading due to the high risk of losing the investment capital has left most forex traders in a state of indecision on the best methodology to apply for achieving long term profit. The provision of lot sizes, leverages, take profits and stop losses in forex trading implies that very high profit can be made within a very short time with the same capital, but at the same time, very high losses can be incurred. On one hand, this provision often prompts a set of traders to become greedy by increasing their take profit levels, lot sizes and leverages, which in turn increases their probability of losing out. On the other hand, the provision creates doubts and induces the fear of losses in some other set of traders. Consequently, these set of conservative traders employ the use of relatively small lot sizes, low leverages and low values of take profit and high stop loss levels. This in turn often results in a devastating effect on the investment capital due to lost opportunities and resulting losses. The problem of losses in forex trading effort is compounded by the fact that many programmers and developers of forex expert advisors do not adopt a software life cycle, having learned only how to write codes to program the trading platform. Furthermore, software engineering professionals who understand the import of software development life cycles soon discover that conventional software life cycles are not capable of effectively handling the complexity of the forex market. This paper models the human characteristics of greed, fear and doubt as manifested by traders in forex trading using selected expert advisors’ properties. It proposes Facts, Analysis, Implementation, Testing and Hope (FAITH) software life cycle model for Forex trading profitability to tackle the problem of indecision in the development of forex expert advisors. The proposed model was implemented on a live trading platform for a period of three months and compared with doubt, fear and greed approach to trading. The results showed that while a level of greed can be profitable, FAITH software life cycle produced more profitable results and can be adopted for forex trading. Keywords: Software Development Life Cycle, Expert advisors, Forex Model, Losses, Profit
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Nguyen Thi Thu, Thuy, and Vuong Dang Xuan. "FoRex Trading Using Supervised Machine Learning." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.15 (October 7, 2018): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.15.23024.

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The exchange rate of each money pair can be predicted by using machine learning algorithm during classification process. With the help of supervised machine learning model, the predicted uptrend or downtrend of FoRex rate might help traders to have right decision on FoRex transactions. The installation of machine learning algorithms in the FoRex trading online market can automatically make the transactions of buying/selling. All the transactions in the experiment are performed by using scripts added-on in transaction application. The capital, profits results of use support vector machine (SVM) models are higher than the normal one (without use of SVM).
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Olufemi, Adeyeye Patrick, Aluko Olufemi Adewale, and Migiro Stephen Oseko. "Efficiency of Foreign Exchange Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa in the Presence of Structural Break: A Linear and Non-Linear Testing Approach." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 9, no. 4(J) (September 4, 2017): 122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v9i4(j).1827.

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This study examines the efficiency of foreign exchange (forex) market of 10 selected countries in sub-Saharan Africa in the presence of structural break. It uses data on the average official exchange rate of currencies of the selected countries to the US dollar from November 1995 to October 2015. This study employs Perron unit root test with structural break to endogenously determine the break period in the forex markets. It also employs the Kim wild bootstrap variance ratio test and BDS independence test to detect linear and nonlinear dependence in forex market returns respectively. In the full sample period, the Kim wild bootstrap joint variance ratio test shows that only two forex markets are efficient while the BDS independence test reports that all the forex markets are not efficient. The subsample period analysis indicates that the efficiency of the majority of the forex markets is sensitive to structural break, thus providing evidence in support of the adaptive market hypothesis. This study suggests that ignoring structural break and nonlinearity of returns may lead to misleading results when testing for market efficiency.
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Olufemi, Adeyeye Patrick, Aluko Olufemi Adewale, and Migiro Stephen Oseko. "Efficiency of Foreign Exchange Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa in the Presence of Structural Break: A Linear and Non-Linear Testing Approach." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 9, no. 4 (September 4, 2017): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v9i4.1827.

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This study examines the efficiency of foreign exchange (forex) market of 10 selected countries in sub-Saharan Africa in the presence of structural break. It uses data on the average official exchange rate of currencies of the selected countries to the US dollar from November 1995 to October 2015. This study employs Perron unit root test with structural break to endogenously determine the break period in the forex markets. It also employs the Kim wild bootstrap variance ratio test and BDS independence test to detect linear and nonlinear dependence in forex market returns respectively. In the full sample period, the Kim wild bootstrap joint variance ratio test shows that only two forex markets are efficient while the BDS independence test reports that all the forex markets are not efficient. The subsample period analysis indicates that the efficiency of the majority of the forex markets is sensitive to structural break, thus providing evidence in support of the adaptive market hypothesis. This study suggests that ignoring structural break and nonlinearity of returns may lead to misleading results when testing for market efficiency.
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Yamada, Masahiro, and Takatoshi Ito. "The forex fixing reform and its impact on cost and risk of forex trading banks." Finance Research Letters 21 (May 2017): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2016.12.004.

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Dang, Vu Hung, and Valerie Lindsay. "Determinants of hedging strategy in foreign exchange risk management by exporting small and medium-sized enterprises: The mediating role of resources." Journal of General Management 48, no. 1 (October 2022): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03063070211063310.

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Foreign exchange risk management is well researched in the context of multinational enterprises, but how small and medium sized exporting firms manage their forex risk is still largely unexplored, especially through an international business lens. This study investigates how New Zealand and Australian exporting small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) manage foreign exchange (forex) risk, and the impact of increasing internationalisation on this. The study draws on two theoretical perspectives to assist the investigation: the resource-based view and internationalisation theory. The surveys were distributed to New Zealand and Australian exporting firms across a full range of industry sectors represented in the business database provided by Kompass. Statistical analyses, including exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to test the measurement model, structural model and research hypotheses. The study identifies four determinants of forex risk strategy of exporting SMEs: degree of internationalisation, forex exposure, perceived forex risk and resources. Organisational and human resources are shown to have a key mediation role in the model. The study provides insights into key determinants of forex risk management and their interrelationships in the little examined context of exporting SMEs.
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Meirinaldi, Yolanda, and Yulius Eka Agung Seputra. "Analysis of Foreign Exchange Using Perceptron and Genetic Algorithm Machine Learning (GALM)." European Journal of Business and Management Research 7, no. 6 (November 22, 2022): 152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2022.7.6.1723.

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Foreign Exchange (FOREX) is the trading of one cash against another. FOREX rates are affected by multitudinous affiliated plutocrat-related, political and internal factors and along these lines awaiting it may be a worrisome errand. The individualities included within the field of universal fiscal trade have looked for interpretations of rate changes and latterly, trusting to ameliorate vaticination capabilities. It's this capacity to directly prevision FOREX rate changes that allow for the maximization of profit. Trading at the correct time with fairly correct procedures can bring huge benefits, but an exchange grounded on off-base development can risk big mischances. numerous styles to prognosticate the FOREX rate consolidate quantifiable examination, time arrangement examination, featherlight systems, brain associations, and mix systems. These styles involve the sick impacts of the issue of directly anticipating the exchange. A Perceptroning presents information and predicts results that regard certain situations of unpredictability or randomness, and over inheritable Algorithm Learning Machine are proposed to prognosticate the longer-term pace of the FOREX show since can combine top and technical FOREX Information for Fundamental and Technical Analysis. The free factors considered in this consideration were the trade rates of China, Japan, Europe, Gold and Unrefined Oil to dissect the Rupiah trade rate inferior variable. For the examination, USDIDR is switching scale from the forex stamp. The Combination Stochastic and inheritable Algorithm Learning Machine Model fulfilled a MSE of 0.01 and a MAE of0.0082 during the preparation and testing stage.
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Rotep, Rotep, Sepsy Arfiana, and Wahyu Intan Kusuma. "Trading Forex Platform Meta Trader 4." el hisbah: Journal of Islamic Economic Law 1, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 299–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.28918/el_hisbah.v1i2.4961.

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Paper ini untuk menganalisis permasalahan tentang mekanisme yang ada di trading forex dengan platform meta trader 4. Terdapat beberapa hal yang tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan fatwa DSN MUI No. 28/DSN-MUI/III/2002 tentang Jual Beli Mata Uang Al-Sharf. Diantaranya pertama, ketentuan tentang jangka waktu dalam transaksi forward. Kedua, terkait dengan perbedaan makna transaksi swap yang disebutkan di dalam fatwa dengan pemahaman penulis terhadap implementasi transaksi swap yang ada didalam meta trader 4. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian digital (digital research) dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data berasal dari dua sumber yaitu primer dan sekunder. Teknik analisis yang digunakan penulis adalah teknik deskriptif induktif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa trading forex menggunakan meta trader 4 secara umum tidak sesuai dengan fatwa DSN MUI No.28/DSN-MUI/III/2002 tentang jual beli mata uang Al-Sharf. Dalam fatwa terdapat 4 prinsip yang perlu diimplementasikankan dalam trading forex menggunakan meta trader 4 tetapi hanya satu prinsip saja yang sesuai dengan fatwa. Oleh karena itu hukum trading forex menggunakan platform meta trader 4 tidak sesuai dengan fatwa DSN MUI No.28/DSN-MUI/III/2002 tentang jual beli mata uang Al-Sharf.
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Suharleni, Farida, Agus Widodo, and Endang Wahyu H. "Hidden Markov Model Application to Transfer The Trader Online Forex Brokers." CAUCHY 2, no. 2 (May 4, 2012): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/ca.v2i2.2222.

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<p>Hidden Markov Model is elaboration of Markov chain, which is applicable to cases that can’t directly observe. In this research, Hidden Markov Model is used to know trader’s transition to broker forex online. In Hidden Markov Model, observed state is observable part and hidden state is hidden part. Hidden Markov Model allows modeling system that contains interrelated observed state and hidden state. As observed state in trader’s transition to broker forex online is category 1, category 2, category 3, category 4, category 5 by condition of every broker forex online, whereas as hidden state is broker forex online Marketiva, Masterforex, Instaforex, FBS and Others. First step on application of Hidden Markov Model in this research is making construction model by making a probability of transition matrix (A) from every broker forex online. Next step is making a probability of observation matrix (B) by making conditional probability of five categories, that is category 1, category 2, category 3, category 4, category 5 by condition of every broker forex online and also need to determine an initial state probability (π) from every broker forex online. The last step is using Viterbi algorithm to find hidden state sequences that is broker forex online sequences which is the most possible based on model and observed state that is the five categories. Application of Hidden Markov Model is done by making program with Viterbi algorithm using Delphi 7.0 software with observed state based on simulation data. Example: By the number of observation T = 5 and observed state sequences O = (2,4,3,5,1) is found hidden state sequences which the most possible with observed state O as following : where X1 = FBS, X2 = Masterforex, X3 = Marketiva, X4 = Others, and X5 = Instaforex.</p>
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Mukarromah, Zulfatul. "Forex Online Tranding (FOT) Dalam Perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Islam (Telaah Kasus Para Pengguna FOT)." At-Turost : Journal of Islamic Studies 7, no. 1 (February 10, 2020): 54–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.52491/at.v7i1.38.

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Forex Online Trading termasuk dalam perdagangan berjangka, dimana tidak ada pengiriman langsung pada saat transaksi. Selain itu dalam proses transaksinya terdapat margin atau jaminan yang harus diberikan investor kepada Broker Forex Online dan sistem transaksi short selling yang menjadi ciri khas dari Forex Online Trading sehingga terjadi praktik penjualan tanpa hak kepemilikan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mencari pandangan hukum Islam tentang perdagangan forex online. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif hukum Islam. Dengan metode penelitian, wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti berperan sebagai human instrument yang fungsinya mengatur fokus penelitian, memilih informan sebagai sumber data, melakukan pengumpulan data, menilai kualitas data, menganalisis data, menginterpretasikan data dan membuat kesimpulan atas temuannya. Hasil munjukkan proses registrasi, perjanjian kontrak, saldo pengisian, dan proses inti yaitu transaksi jual beli dalam perdagangan valas online tersebut bertentangan dengan konsep hukum ekonomi Islam. Transaksi forex online trading hukumnya haram. Karena mengandung unsur gharar dan maysir yang dilarang dalam hukum ekonomi Islam.
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Sinaga, Dadim. "ANALISIPENGARUH SUMBERDAYA ORGANISASI, KEWIRAUSAHAAN, TEKNOLOGI DAN FOREX RATE TERHADAP KINERJA EKSPOR INDUSTRI TEKSTIL DAN PRODUK TEKSTIL (TPT) INDONESIA." KINERJA 12, no. 1 (November 8, 2017): 65–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24002/kinerja.v12i1.1391.

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This research studies the influence of company resources (organization, enterprenuership, technology) and forex rate perception on export performance of textile industry and textile product in Indonesia. The objective is to examine 60 industrial companies of TPT in Banten (West Java) and DKI Jakarta. The result of the research indicates that, simultaneously, the independent variables (company resources and Forex rate) can predict 63.4 % of probability the dependent variable, and the rest of 36.4 % is predicted by other factors not included in this research. Partially, the resources in technology and organization cannot predict export performance probability, because the regression model of those variables are not significant. However, entreprenuership and perception regarding forex rate can predict export performance probability. This research is expected to benefit TPT industry for improving the global market competitiveness, and also company resources and forex rate researchers, regarding to the theory development and manufacturing company competitiveness in global market.Keywords: Resource- based view, forex , Textile and export performance
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I Gede Putu J Gusnaedi, I Nyoman Putu Budiartha, and Ni Made Puspasutari Ujianti. "PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI INVESTOR YANG MENGALAMI KERUGIAN AKIBAT WANPRESTASI DALAM TRANSAKSI TRADING FOREX." Jurnal Preferensi Hukum 3, no. 3 (December 6, 2022): 480–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.55637/jph.3.3.5640.480-486.

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Salah satu dampak besar yang dihasilkan akibat munculnya globalisasi dewasa ini adalah adanya kebutuhan masyarakat yang lebih berkembang dari hari ke hari. Dengan adanya kebutuhan masyarakat yang terus bertambah maka masa depan masyarakat akan kebutuhan hidupnya akan menjadi tidak terduga. Salah satunya adalah investasi, investasi adalah salah satu kebutuhan yang berkembang di dalam masyarakat khususnya masyarakat menengah atas dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya. Salah satu jenis investasi yang digunakan dewasa ini oleh masyarakat adalah forex dalam hal ini merupakan salah satu investasi yang transaksinya tidak diperlukan pertemuan langsung melainkan dengan menggunakan sebuah perjanjian dari perantara yang disebut dengan broker. Maka dari hal tersebut timbul rumusan masalah Bagaimana mekanisme perjanjian dalam transaksi trading forex Bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap investor Dalam penelitian ini mengenai trading forex agar masyarakat lebih mengetahui investasi jenis ini, dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode pencarian buku–buku hukum yang mempunyai relasi dengan forex. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana mekanisme perjanjian dalam trading forex dan perlindungan hukum bagi para investor yang melakukan trading forex. Tujuanya adalah salah satu prosedur yang dilakukan dalam melaksanakan suatu transaksi forex yaitu dengan berdasarkan pada investor, jadi sebelum dimulainya suatu transaksi tentu saja, kunci berpegang teguh pada investor, karena investor lah yang akan memberi dana dalam investasi ini, sebagai suatu bentuk kerahasiaan transaksi maka investor dilarang keras dalam memberikan kode akses ataupun kode transaksi yang dimiliki oleh investor tersebut. investor tidak diperbolehkan untuk diwakilkan dalam melakukan transaksi dalam rekening yang dimiliki oleh investor, jika investor merasa belum yakin serta mahir dalam melakukan transaksi.
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Murtza, Iqbal, Ayesha Saadia, Rabia Basri, Azhar Imran, Abdullah Almuhaimeed, and Abdulkareem Alzahrani. "Forex Investment Optimization Using Instantaneous Stochastic Gradient Ascent—Formulation of an Adaptive Machine Learning Approach." Sustainability 14, no. 22 (November 18, 2022): 15328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142215328.

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In the current complex financial world, paper currencies are vulnerable and unsustainable due to many factors such as current account deficit, gold reserves, dollar reserves, political stability, security, the presence of war in the region, etc. The vulnerabilities not limited to the above, result in fluctuation and instability in the currency values. Considering the devaluation of some Asian countries such as Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Türkiye, and Ukraine, there is a current tendency of some countries to look beyond the SWIFT system. It is not feasible to have reserves in only one currency, and thus, forex markets are likely to have significant growth in their volumes. In this research, we consider this challenge to work on having sustainable forex reserves in multiple world currencies. This research is aimed to overcome their vulnerabilities and, instead, exploit their volatile nature to attain sustainability in forex reserves. In this regard, we work to formulate this problem and propose a forex investment strategy inspired by gradient ascent optimization, a robust iterative optimization algorithm. The dynamic nature of the forex market led us to the formulation and development of the instantaneous stochastic gradient ascent method. Contrary to the conventional gradient ascent optimization, which considers the whole population or its sample, the proposed instantaneous stochastic gradient ascent (ISGA) optimization considers only the next time instance to update the investment strategy. We employed the proposed forex investment strategy on forex data containing one-year multiple currencies’ values, and the results are quite profitable as compared to the conventional investment strategies.
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Das, Pritha, and Atin Das. "Investigating the Existence of Chaos in Inflation Data in relation to Chaotic Foreign Exchange Rate." Economics Research International 2014 (October 21, 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/783505.

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Foreign exchange (ForEx) rates are amongst the most important economic indices in the international monetary markets. ForEx rate represents the value of one currency in another and it fluctuates over time. It is related to indicators like inflation, interest rate, gross domestic product, and so forth. In a series of works, we investigated and confirmed the chaotic property of ForEx rates by finding positive largest Lyapunov exponent (LLE). As inflation influences ForEx, in this work we would like to address the specific question, Is inflation data also chaotic? We collected data for time period of 2000 to 2013 and tested for nonlinearity in data by surrogate method. Calculating LLE, we find existence of chaos in inflation data for some countries.
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Zaitsev, O., and T. Dvorianova. "ACQUAINTANCE TO FOREX FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET." Vìsnik Sumsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu, no. 1 (2020): 174–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/1817-9215.2020.1-20.

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The article draws attention to the steady growth of the general trend of direct participation of individuals in financial transactions using electronic platforms. In particular, the article notes the increased interest in participating in operations in the Forex currency market. It is emphasized that relatively technically easy access to participation in financial transactions through the use of electronic platforms is currently a potential threat to financial security for the funds of participants in such transactions. This is a lack of professional training of most novice traders who voluntarily become participants in financial transactions. It is emphasized that stock exchange transactions on stock markets, purchase and sale of currency on electronic platforms, transactions with gold, etc. require, along with general, also special knowledge on certain specific areas of economic development and financial relations. Also, psychological and behavioral factors begin to "work" in such relationships. It is noted that only from the beginning of 2019 in Ukraine at the legislative level began a systematic regulation of the structure of the foreign exchange market and the procedure for trading in foreign currency. The article states that it is time to pay attention to digitalized trading activities from a professional point of view and start teaching in educational institutions the relevant disciplines for training and acquiring students' general skills in trade and financial transactions on electronic platforms. From this point of view, the article provides an introductory review of the Forex currency market, outlines the principles of its operation, pays more attention to trading strategies. As a result, the following conclusions are made that, first, the foreign exchange market is highly profitable provided that its trends are mastered; secondly, the foreign exchange market is high risk; it is necessary to understand not only in many terms, but, especially, in processes and situations in the financial-globalized world to confidently use charts of change of cost of currencies for profit; thirdly, there are many different strategies that can be used successfully in the currency market, from the simplest - for amateurs, to more complex - for experienced traders, but none of them will fit perfectly for a particular psychotype, professional level and amount of time a person - trader can pay trade. Of particular value, according to the authors, is the following conclusion: a trader creates his own strategy, which provides a greater likelihood of earnings in the international Forex market. Currency trader is a creative activity, but an activity based on mastering a large base of professional knowledge.
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Sadhasivam, Jayakumar, M. Arun, R. Deepa, V. Muthukumaran, R. Lokesh Kumar, and R. B. Prasanna Kumar. "Forex exchange using big data analytics." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1964, no. 4 (July 1, 2021): 042060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1964/4/042060.

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Wan, Keshu, and Peng Yang. "Expanded digital volume correlation forex situapplications." Measurement Science and Technology 26, no. 9 (July 24, 2015): 095605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/26/9/095605.

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Muriel, A. "Short-term predictions in forex trading." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 344, no. 1-2 (December 2004): 190–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2004.06.114.

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Carapuço, João, Rui Neves, and Nuno Horta. "Reinforcement learning applied to Forex trading." Applied Soft Computing 73 (December 2018): 783–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2018.09.017.

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Evans, Martin D. D. "Forex trading and the WMR Fix." Journal of Banking & Finance 87 (February 2018): 233–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2017.09.017.

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Taufik, Eza Herlambang, Muhammad Harlie, and Kurniaty Kurniaty. "PENGARUH KEMAMPUAN, PENGALAMAN DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN." Al-KALAM JURNAL KOMUNIKASI, BISNIS DAN MANAJEMEN 4, no. 1 (July 22, 2017): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31602/al-kalam.v4i1.831.

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The evolution of the forex market is divided into two stages. World War IPeriod and the Bretton Woods period is included Fixed Rate Periodstage. At this stage, forex does not excite transactions because of exchange rate changes can only occur in a relatively narrow range. After a period of Bretton Woods, after the failure of Period Exchange Rates Remain in maintaining economic stability, forex transactions getting psyched. This occurs because the assessment of the exchange rate between countries be left entirely to the market mechanism. The market will determine whether the exchange rate is too expensive (over-valued) or too low (under-valued).This study aims to determine the effect of ability, experience and discipline together and partially on the performance forex trader in South Kalimantan. This type of research is quantitative method. The samples were obtained 56 votes. To determine the effect the ability, experience and discipline to the performance of the test statistic methods trader used multiple linear regression. Data processing was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23 program for Windows.Based on the results of the research show that together the ability, experience and discipline significant effect on the performance of forex traders in South Kalimantan. Partially, ability, experience and discipline positive and significant impact on the performance of forex traders in South Kalimantan.Keywords: Capability, Experience, Discipline and Performance
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Kavtaradze, Nino. "CURRENCY SYSTEM AND CURRENCY TRADING OF GEORGIA." PIRETC-Proceeding of The International Research Education & Training Centre 104, no. 1-2 (April 4, 2021): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/ecs104/1-2-70.

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The present empirical paper investigates the following issues: the formation of the Georgian currency system that started after the collapse of the Soviet Union, when the country has declared its independence, establishing the National Bank of Georgia and issuing the national currency. Also is discussed financial market where foreign exchange and transaction are made. As it is known today, in the international currency market, 90% of the world market holds the FOREX (Foreign Exchange Market), which makes it the largest foreign exchange market in the world. FOREX currency traders, together with traditional forms, offers the most modern and comfortable form of trade - Online trading. The existing currencies are largely proportional to the ongoing processes of the FOREX market. Keywords: Currency, Currency Exchange Rate, Currency Market, Interbank Exchange Market, Foreign Exchange, FOREX Market.
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Rahmat, Rahmat, Sofyan Nur, Askar Patahuddin, and Al Ikhsan Adil. "Jual Beli Mata Uang Sistem Trading Forex dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam." AL-KHIYAR: Jurnal Bidang Muamalah dan Ekonomi Islam 1, no. 1 (November 12, 2021): 60–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.36701/al-khiyar.v1i1.448.

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This research aims to find out and understand the laws of buying and selling currency online forex trading systems. The issues raised in this study are; First, how to buy and sell currency according to the Islamic view. Second, how to practice buying and selling currencies in an online forex trading system. Third, how to review Islamic law on the buying and selling of currencies in the forex trading system. The research method used is library research using normative and philosophical approaches and content analysis. The results of the study found that: First, buying and selling currencies in Islam is called currency exchange (al-Ṣarf), which is a type of muamalat allowed in Islam. Second, al-Ṣarf has several meanings that are almost the same, all indicating that the concept of exchange applies to the sale of two currencies in cash to each other even though the types are the same or different. Third, in the world of technology and communication in today's digital era, buying and selling currencies is often referred to as a forex trading system (foreign exchange), where the transaction model is divided into two ways, namely direct (offline) and indirect transactions (online). The law of offline forex trading is the law of disaster with two conditions, namely the handover directly in the assembly of the contract (should not be suspended) and if the type of currency is the same then it should not be overstated. However, the law of online forex trading is illegal because it leads to gambling, speculation, and buying and selling of garar, which can be seen from the transactions, types of goods, transaction actors, and systems that exist in online forex trading.
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I Made Aswin Ksamawantara, Johannes Ibrahim Kosasih, and I Made Minggu Widyantara. "Perlindungan Konsumen Terhadap Penipuan yang dilakukan Broker Forex Ilegal." Jurnal Interpretasi Hukum 2, no. 2 (June 17, 2021): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/juinhum.2.2.3426.281-286.

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The phenomenon of Foreign Exchange (Forex) that runs in the investment sector and can help the development of Indonesia. Currently forex is a trend that is endemic and attracts the attention of many parties, both investors and the public in general. Foreign exchange or forex is a type of trade or transaction that trades the currency of a country against the currencies of other countries involving the main money markets in the world for 24 hours continuously, so in this case a legal protection is needed. The purpose of this research is to analyze legal protection in Forex transactions and legal sanctions imposed by the government on illegal Forex broker activities. This research uses a normative method that with a statutory approach. Sources of data used are primary data sources and secondary data sources. After primary legal data and secondary legal data are collected, the data will then be processed and analyzed using systematic legal data processing methods. The results showed that the alleged fraudulent investment fraud case under the guise of forex trading involved illegal brokers from the Guardian Capital Group (GCG) Asia, which harmed consumers. In line with that, the government issued a legal rule, namely Law No.8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. The Consumer Protection Law that has been set by the government is the legal basis that is accurate and full of optimism in protecting consumer rights.
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Hansun, Seng, Farica Perdana Putri, Abdul Q. M. Khaliq, and Hugeng Hugeng. "On searching the best mode for forex forecasting: bidirectional long short-term memory default mode is not enough." IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) 11, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 1596. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijai.v11.i4.pp1596-1606.

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Presently, the Forex market has become the world’s largest financial market with more than US$5 trillion daily volume. Therefore, it attracts many researchers to learn its traded currency pairs characteristics and predict their future values. Here, we propose simple three layers Bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) networks for Forex forecasting with four different merge modes. Moreover, the proposed model is also compared to the conventional long short-term memory (LSTM) networks with the same architecture. Five major Forex currency pairs, namely AUD/USD, EUR/USD, GBP/USD, USD/CHF, and USD/JPY, with more than ten years of historical records are considered in this study. It is revealed from the experimental results that among four available merge modes, the concatenation mode as the default merge mode in Bi-LSTM networks is actually the less preferred mode for Forex forecasting (Root mean square error 0.30685517, mean absolute error 0.27442235, mean absolute percentage error 0.827108%). Moreover, Bi-LSTM average mode gets the highest R2 score that could achieve 89.579%. Therefore, the proposed three layers Bi-LSTM networks could provide a baseline result for developing a good trading strategy in Forex forecasting.
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Agung, Satria Wiro, Kelvin Supranata Wangkasa Rianto, and Antoni Wibowo. "Comparative Study of Forecasting Models for Forex Predictions with the Impact of Different Currencies." International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering 12, no. 1 (January 16, 2022): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.46338/ijetae0122_02.

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- Foreign Exchange (Forex) is the exchange / trading of currencies from different countries with the aim of making profit. Exchange rates on Forex markets are always changing and it is hard to predict. Many factors affect exchange rates of certain currency pairs like inflation rates, interest rates, government debt, term of trade, political stability of certain countries, recession and many more. Uncertainty in Forex prediction can be reduced with the help of technology by using machine learning. There are many machine learning methods that can be used when predicting Forex. The methods used in this paper are Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), Support Vector Regression (SVR). XGBOOST, and ARIMA. The outcome of this paper will be comparison results that show how other major currency pairs have influenced the performance and accuracy of different methods. From the results, it was proven that XGBoost outperformed other models by 0.36% compared to ARIMA model, 4.4% compared to GRU model, 8% compared to LSTM model, 9.74% compared to SVR model. Keywords— Forex Forecasting, Long Short Term Memory, Gated Recurrent Unit, Support Vector Regression, ARIMA, Extreme Gradient Boosting
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Ning, Rundong. "Bureaucratic valves: paperwork as a contested tool in the international transfer of the franc CFA in Congo-Brazzaville." Africa 92, no. 4 (August 2022): 581–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972022000328.

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AbstractAfricanists have written much about interactions between multiple currencies in Africa, yet paperwork-based regulations that apply to these interactions remain less studied. Meanwhile, ethnographic studies of paperwork examine the roles of documents more in state administration than in commercial transactions. Based on ethnographic research with individuals and institutions involved in the international transfer of the franc CFA in Congo-Brazzaville during a severe foreign exchange (forex) shortage from 2016 to 2021, this article argues that the participants in forex transactions manoeuvre paperwork to regulate the speed of the forex outflow – where paperwork functions as what I term ‘bureaucratic valves’. Responding to the outflow of forex caused by the oil price slump since 2015, the Bank of Central African States (BEAC) required numerous documents from buyers of forex to justify their demand. This policy slowed down international money transfers because it took more effort to meet the paperwork requirements. Yet banks, money-transfer agencies and individuals in Congo subsequently developed their own paperwork-based mechanisms to cope with this change. These manoeuvres show that paperwork is a flexible and essential tool for adjusting transactions for different participants, especially in the money markets and in (central) banking in Africa.
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ABUELFADL, MOUSTAFA. "INDIVIDUAL FOREIGN EXCHANGE INVESTORS, RETURN PREDICTABILITY AND MARKET TIMING." Annals of Financial Economics 12, no. 01 (March 2017): 1750001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010495217500014.

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This study tests whether individual foreign exchange (Forex) investors can predict future returns, time the market and generate alpha after transaction costs. Using a sample of 1,231 Forex trading accounts and 72,072 trades, the results show that individual Forex investors can predict future returns up to eight days after trade execution, even after controlling for Volatility. The results of return predictability are significant because they support the idea that linear independence is rejected as well as provide empirical evidence that private information is available in the foreign exchange market.
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Islam, Md Saiful, Emam Hossain, Abdur Rahman, Mohammad Shahadat Hossain, and Karl Andersson. "A Review on Recent Advancements in FOREX Currency Prediction." Algorithms 13, no. 8 (July 30, 2020): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a13080186.

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In recent years, the foreign exchange (FOREX) market has attracted quite a lot of scrutiny from researchers all over the world. Due to its vulnerable characteristics, different types of research have been conducted to accomplish the task of predicting future FOREX currency prices accurately. In this research, we present a comprehensive review of the recent advancements of FOREX currency prediction approaches. Besides, we provide some information about the FOREX market and cryptocurrency market. We wanted to analyze the most recent works in this field and therefore considered only those papers which were published from 2017 to 2019. We used a keyword-based searching technique to filter out popular and relevant research. Moreover, we have applied a selection algorithm to determine which papers to include in this review. Based on our selection criteria, we have reviewed 39 research articles that were published on “Elsevier”, “Springer”, and “IEEE Xplore” that predicted future FOREX prices within the stipulated time. Our research shows that in recent years, researchers have been interested mostly in neural networks models, pattern-based approaches, and optimization techniques. Our review also shows that many deep learning algorithms, such as gated recurrent unit (GRU) and long short term memory (LSTM), have been fully explored and show huge potential in time series prediction.
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49

Zvonova, E. A. "Scenario Analysis of the Russian Forex Market Development Strategies." Economics, taxes & law 11, no. 6 (December 26, 2018): 26–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/1999-849x-2018-11-6-26-38.

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Abstract:
The subject of the research is the foresight into development strategies of the foreign exchange sector of the Russian financial market under the new geo-economic conditions and in the context of the international monetary system reform and sanctions on Russian transactions in the international financial market. The relevance of the problem is caused by the ruble volatility and strong fluctuations in the values of macroeconomic variables after 2014. The purpose of the research was to develop a scenario model for the development of the Russian forex market for the next three years based on three scenario forecasts: optimistic, pessimistic and conservative. A scenario model of the Russian foreign exchange market development was built by superimposing scenarios of the national economy development on the forex market development scenarios along with assessment of the possible impact of the forex market development on other national financial market segments. The model is based on international macroeconomic variables statistics, the state of Russia’s payment balance and also on a comparative analysis of the development indices of national economies of raw materials exporting countries and the national economy of Russia. For data aggregation and reduction to a single format, an information-logical model for formation of the research information base was developed. The obtained scenario model for the development of the Russian financial market forex sector has a high predictive capability. The paper concludes that, based on the scenario model, the forex sector of the Russian financial market will be fairly stable over the next three years, which should be taken into account by the Bank of Russia when making decisions on the forex policy and creation of international currency reserves.
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50

Indah, Yulia Rossa, and Luh Putu Mahyuni. "The Accuracy of Relative Strength Index (RSI) Indicator in Forecasting Foreign Exchange Price Movement." Inovbiz: Jurnal Inovasi Bisnis 10, no. 1 (June 29, 2022): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.35314/inovbiz.v10i1.2249.

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Abstract:
This study aims to measure the accuracy of the Relative Strength Index (RSI) Indicator in predicting the direction of foreign exchange (forex) price movements. To achieve the research objectives, six foreign exchange currencies that fall into the major pair category were determined as samples. RSI data is collected from the Foreign Exchange Market which can be accessed via tradingview.com during the research period, January – September 2021. The data is analyzed using SPSS software with the Mann Whitney U Test which can prove statistically whether there is a significant difference between the predictions of forex price movements with the reality price movement. Thus, this study provides evidence of the accuracy of the Relative Strength Index (RSI) Indicator in predicting the direction of forex price movements. The findings of this study can be a reference for practitioners such as forex traders or business people who deal with foreign currencies in choosing technical analysis methods that can help make the right decisions.
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