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1
Hamilton, Kelly. "Collective forgiving." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002839.
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Forgiveness is traditionally understood as a personal change of heart, in which an individual victim of a wrongdoing overcomes her resentment towards the perpetrator of that wrongdoing. Peter Strawson (1974) famously argued that resentment is a personal participant retributive reactive attitude, and the overcoming of such an attitude through forgiveness is itself a personal reactive attitude – in other words, forgiveness is an affective response to a wrongdoing by an individual victim, that is devoid of a retributive element. Because reactive attitudes are personal, it is argued that collectives – groups of individuals – cannot forgive, since collectives cannot, as collectives, hold reactive attitudes. I argue against this. I show that it is possible for collectives to hold attitudes in a way that is not reducible to individuals holding attitudes as individuals, and yet these attitudes still remain personal. Individuals exist within communities, and are interdependent on one another. Much of an individual‟s beliefs and attitudes depend on the collectives that she is a part of. I argue that an attitude is collective when it is deemed to be the appropriate attitude for members of the collective to hold. Members of the collective will take this attitude on as their own insofar as they identify themselves as members of the collective. Individuals hold the attitude, making the attitude personal, but since the individuals hold the attitude in virtue of their membership to a collective, the attitude is also collective. Given that forgiveness is itself a reactive attitude, and that collectives can hold attitudes, I argue that it is possible for a collective to forgive. Members of a collective will come to forgive when forgiveness is held up as the appropriate attitude for them, and once enough members have taken on the attitude of forgiveness as their own attitude, a collective can be said to have forgiven.
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Alken, Martha. "The healing power of forgiving." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.
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Cherry, Stephen Arthur. "The coherence of forgiveness : an essay on the theology of being forgiven and forgiving others." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1996. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-coherence-of-forgiveness--an-essay-on-the-theology-of-being-forgiven-and-forgiving-others(b55cf51c-0047-44b3-b057-47076ae34935).html.
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Bryant, Chelsea. "The Lived Experiences of Emotionally Forgiving Abusive Parents." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6180.
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The subject of forgiveness has been heavily explored during the past few decades; however, limited research has been conducted on the phenomenology of emotional forgiveness, the internal process of replacing negative feelings with positive feelings. This study explored the emotional forgiveness experiences of 7 adult men who were previous victims of abuse by their parents. Using Moustakas's phenomenological research approach, the participants were interviewed about their experiences of emotional forgiving their abusive parents. The recall, empathize, altruism, commitment, and holding on, REACH forgiveness model and family systems theory were the conceptual frameworks to explore the central research question, which addressed the meaning of emotional forgiveness in adult males. The interview data were coded and grouped into themes of shared meaning. The results revealed 8 distinct themes: coping, evolution of emotions, substance abuse, cognitive distortions, making meaning of the abuse, forgiving because Christ first forgave me, and God's grace. Further, the lived experiences revealed that emotional forgiveness was largely dependent on the adult male's acceptance of their difficulty to emotionally forgive and seeking God's grace to help them emotionally forgive their abusive parent. Results of this study have the potential to benefit adult males who struggle to emotionally forgive their abusive parent by providing insights into the emotional forgiveness experience. Furthermore, the results from this study can be shared with the professional community to help them understand the phenomenon of adult males who have survived an abusive parent.
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Hall, Laura Grace. "The Relation of the Expression of Offense to Forgiving." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2386.
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Forgiveness is an essential component of relationship growth and healing, with academic, professional, and public interest in research and writing on the topic continually increasing over the past two decades. Indignation is endemic to interpersonal offense, and a key component of the forgiveness process; few, however, have written about the potentially facilitative role that it may play. Disparate conceptualizations of indignation among researchers and therapists may impede therapeutic progress, individually and interpersonally. This study presents a review of social science literature on forgiveness and a new model of the emotional response to offense that positions corrective, protective indignation on a continuum between two contrasting manifestations of destructive anger that reflect distortions in underlying views of self, other, and relationship. The study also includes the results of a statistical analysis of the Indignation and Forgiveness Scale (IFS) administered to a group of relational therapists (N = 98) gauging their professional judgment of the acceptability of indignation as a component of forgiveness as a facilitative emotion in the overall process of forgiveness. Overall, therapists expressed a strong belief in the compatibility of indignation and forgiveness. As a psychometric instrument, the IFS displayed multidimensionality, with items loading onto four subscales. Of the demographic characteristics, only the number of hours therapists' worked per week affected their views on indignation and forgiveness, with greater professional involvement leading to more favorable views of indignation in therapy for infidelity. Professional interest combined with a lack of theoretical and practical literature on these topics indicates that marriage therapists and scholars are prepared for continued research and model development on the role of constructive indignation in forgiveness.
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Chester, David. "Forgiving Warriors: Does Outgroup Threat Reduce Ingroup Aggression Among Males?" UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/psychology_etds/19.
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In order to defend against outgroups, males and females respond to outgroup threat with different strategies. Specifically, males have been shown to respond to outgroup threat with increased ingroup solidarity and cooperation which is likely reflective of their ancestral role as warriors. What remains unknown is whether this cooperative warrior mindset among males not only increases ingroup prosociality, but also decreases ingroup aggression. Aggression against ingroup members under outgroup threat would likely disadvantage the ingroup by reducing the ingroup’s collective formidability. Further, prosocial motivations inhibit aggression. As such, I hypothesized that sex and outgroup threat would interact such that males, but not females, would respond to outgroup threat with reduced aggression towards ingroup members. To test this hypothesis, 41 male and 60 female participants were induced to either feel outgroup threat or no threat. All participants were then provoked by an ingroup member and then given a chance to aggress against that individual. Failing to support my hypothesis, outgroup threat did not interact with sex to predict aggression against ingroup members. This interactive effect was not further moderated by personality factors relevant to aggression. I discuss my findings in context of statistical power and the punishment of deviant ingroup members.
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Lopez, Eliot Jay. "Forgiving the Unforgivable: Forgiveness in the Context of LGBT Partner Violence." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc804837/.
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Intimate partner violence (IPV) in sexual and gender minority relationships is an underexplored and misunderstood phenomenon. Much of what has been investigated has explored IPV from a heterosexual lens, without taking into account the complexities of these relationship dynamics. Further, outcomes of IPV traditionally focus on negative sequelae, such as depression or anxiety. In this study, we examined the propensity to forgive partner abuse as a means of adaptively coping with the trauma. Further, we looked at resilience as a possible factor in the process of forgiveness. We hypothesized that psychological resilience significantly moderates the forgiveness process in sexual and gender minorities who have experienced IPV. Our sample of 77 gender- and sexual-minority participants completed measures of psychological and physical IPV, resilience, and forgiveness. A regression analysis found our model accounted for 36% of the variance in forgiveness of self (adj. R2=.36, F (4, 72) = 10.34, p < .01) and 20% of forgiveness of others (adj. R2=.20, F (4, 72) = 5.01, p < .01). However, there was no significant moderating effect, nor was IPV a significant contributor to forgiveness. Results suggest trauma does not influence one’s likelihood to forgive, though some personal trait, such as resilience, is more likely to contribute to the forgiveness process. Implications are discussed.
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Tian, Hengcun Joseph. "Forgiving the unrepentant a theological analysis drawing on classical and contemporary sources /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2006. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p029-0650.
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White, Frances Clare Patricia. "'Past forgiving?' : the experience of remorse in the writings of Iris Murdoch." Thesis, Kingston University, 2010. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20274/.
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This thesis identifies the concept of remorse as critically significant in Iris Murdoch's moral psychology and art. It analyses the function of remorse as the counterpoint to love, which Murdoch defines as attention to the reality of the other, and demonstrates the potential remorse to induce 'unselfing' which leads to the Good. Close readings of selected texts which manifest Murdoch's developing concern with remorse engage in dialogues with simone Weil's analysis of affliction and with contemporary philosophical, theological and psychological theories of remorse. These dialogues, which differentiate chronic and lucid forms of remorse, establish Murdoch's innovative contribution to what is herein identified as emerging field of remorse studies. The study begins by demonstrating Murdoch's releance to current philosophical debate on remorse with reference to The Nice and the and The Philosopher's Pupil. It proceeds to explore how her 'neo-theology' links remorse with the concepts of repentance and forgiveness, discussed with reference to A Wordand The Book and the Brotherhood. A discussion of contemporary discourses of trauma theory and 'primal wounding' follows, which classifies The Good Apprentice as her Ur-text on lucid remorse, explores how The Green Knight engages with the concomitant issue of remorse, and contends that Murdoch's work warrants inclusion within the genre of trauma fiction. An investigation into Murdoch's parallel concern with Holocaust narratives and Heidegger's lack of remorse in The Message to the Planet, Jackson's Dilemma and Heidegger: The Pursuit of Being (her unpublished manuscript) follows, which relates herto current Holocaust theory and argues that her fiction merits inclusion within the 'third category' of Holocaust literature. Finally, biographical factors in Murdoch's increasing stress remorse and her mystical presentation of remorse in The One Alone endorse the importance remorse accrues in her moral vision and substantiate the claim that remorse acts ethical index in Murdoch's philosophy, while her fictional dramatisations of remorse invite an ethical response from readers and offer a form of bibliotherapy for the commonwoe of remorse.
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Marshall-Youquoi, Henrika M. "The Role of Humility in Promoting Forgiveness Through Expressive Writing." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4744.
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Forgiveness is an important characteristic of a healthy relationship. Several factors have been shown to be connected to forgiveness, but other factors may play a significant role in the forgiveness process. Little is known about how humility affects forgiveness in the context of an interpersonal conflict. Expressive writing, when combined with humility, may help counselors and other mental health providers in understanding how to better foster forgiveness among individuals and help them cope with stressful events and relational problems. The primary purpose of this study was to examine whether expressive writing involving humility regarding a minor offense leads to increased forgiveness compared to expressive writing that does not involve humility. The theoretical framework was based on the REACH model of forgiveness and Pennebaker's writing paradigm. The focus of the primary research question was on what role, if any, humility plays in forgiveness-based expressive writing. A randomized experimental design involving 4 groups was used. Each group received slightly different instructions, with 1 group having a humility (self-criticism) aspect. Forgiveness was measured using the TRIM-12 item questionnaire. Planned contrasts within a 1-way ANOVA were conducted along with a t test for analysis. The results of this research study were non-significant regarding the role of humility in increasing forgiveness in expressive writing. Regarding positive social change, this study adds to the literature by providing knowledge concerning what factors do not affect forgiveness in expressive writing and supports the need for future research on humility and forgiveness.
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Chuang, Peter M. "Forgiving one another a key element in dealing with counselee's relationship problem in pastoral counseling /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1991. http://www.tren.com.
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Gorter, Andrew A. "The impact of a "Building the forgiving marriage" seminar on perspective-taking empathy and forgiveness in marriage." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2002. http://www.tren.com.
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Toussaint, L., J. R. Webb, and Jameson K. Hirsch. "Self-Forgiveness, Self-Harm and Suicidal Behavior: Understanding the Role of Forgiving the Self in the Act of Hurting One’s Self." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/471.
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Book Summary: The present volume is a ground-breaking and agenda-setting investigation of the psychology of self-forgiveness. It brings together the work of expert clinicians and researchers working within the field, to address questions such as: Why is self-forgiveness so difficult? What contexts and psychological experiences give rise to the need for self-forgiveness? What approaches can therapists use to help people process difficult experiences that elicit guilt, shame and self-condemnation? How can people work through their own failures and transgressions? Assembling current theories and findings, this unique resource reviews and advances our understanding of self-forgiveness, and its potentially critical function in interpersonal relationships and individual emotional and physical health. The editors begin by exploring the nature of self-forgiveness. They consider its processes, causes, and effects, how it may be measured, and its potential benefits to theory and psychotherapy. Expert clinicians and researchers then examine self-forgiveness in its many facets; as a response to guilt and shame, a step toward processing transgressions, a means of reducing anxiety, and an essential component of, or, under some circumstances a barrier to, psychotherapeutic intervention. Contributors also address self-forgiveness as applied to diverse psychosocial contexts such as addiction and recovery, couples and families, healthy aging, the workplace, and the military.
Among the topics in the Handbook: An evolutionary approach to shame-based self-criticism, self-forgiveness and compassion. Working through psychological needs following transgressions to arrive at self-forgiveness. Self-forgiveness and health: a stress-and-coping model. Self-forgiveness and personal and relational well-being. Self-directed intervention to promote self-forgiveness. Understanding the role of forgiving the self in the act of hurting oneself.
The Handbook of the Psychology of Self-Forgiveness serves many healing professionals. It covers a wide range of problems for which individuals often seek help from counselors, clergy, social workers, psychologists and physicians. Research psychologists, philosophers, and sociologists studying self-forgiveness will also find it an essential handbook that draws together the advances made over the past several decades, and identifies important directions for the road ahead.
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Goldie, Miranda Mae. "Infidelity and Forgiveness: Therapists' Views on Reconciliation and Restoration of Trust Following Disclosure of Infidelity." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3834.
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Infidelity is one of the most prevalent presenting problems in relational therapy. There are many conceptualizations of the healing process following infidelity and suggested interventions and treatment plans. Forgiveness is an essential part of relationship growth and healing interpersonal hurts. Reconciliation is relationship repair that can accompany forgiveness. In addition, restoring trust is essential to reconciliation. Means to accomplish rebuilding trust must be established. This study seeks to expand understanding of the treatment of infidelity specifically on the topics of forgiveness, reconciliation, and restoration of trust through disclosure. The Forgiveness vs. Reconciliation and Trust Scale (FvRTS) was developed as a measure for therapists' views and perception concerning these three topics. Through statistical analysis of the FvRTS, which was administered to relational therapists, this study investigates the views and opinions held by therapists concerning the relationship between reconciliation and forgiveness and the role of disclosure, both initial and ongoing, in restoring trust following infidelity. Therapists conveyed the view that reconciliation is not required for forgiveness. However, in their practice they encourage reconciliation following an affair. Results indicated that therapists perceive initial disclosure as having immediate negative impacts. But overall, therapists expressed a strong view that both initial and ongoing disclosure have a positive long term impact on relational healing.
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Andrade, Cândido Moreira. "O modelo QRSP para a quantificação do risco na saída de veículos da pista em rodovias." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18144/tde-10112011-172114/.
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Uma parcela significativa dos acidentes de trânsito nas rodovias ocorre devido à saída de veículos da pista, o que pode resultar em choques com obstáculos fixos, quedas em espaços vazios, tombamento, capotagem, etc. Esse tipo de acidente é, em geral, grave, em razão das altas velocidades desenvolvidas nas rodovias. Cerca de 1/3 dos acidentes rodoviários com vítimas fatais nos Estados Unidos resultam de saída de pista. No Brasil, estima-se que 30% dos acidentes rodoviários estão relacionados com saída da pista, sendo esse valor da ordem de 25% nos casos dos acidentes com vítimas fatais. Neste trabalho é apresentado o Modelo QRSP (formado pelas letras iniciais das palavras: Quantificação - Risco - Saída - Pista) em rodovias. O modelo permite quantificar o nível de proteção existente em cada segmento particular da rodovia (análise microscópica) e, a partir dessa informação, quantificar o nível de proteção considerando trechos longos (análise macroscópica). No modelo desenvolvido, a avaliação é feita considerando separadamente os dois lados da pista (direito e esquerdo), podendo os resultados serem compostos no caso da quantificação de trechos longos. O modelo foi desenvolvido para o caso de rodovias de múltiplas faixas por sentido (denominadas comumente de pista dupla), podendo, no entanto, também ser empregado no caso das rodovias de duas faixas e duplo sentido (rodovias de pista simples). O modelo QRSP permite determinar parâmetros não fornecidos pelos métodos ABNT (2007) - norma brasileira - e AASHTO (2002) - norma americana, proporcionando, dessa forma, uma melhor quantificação do risco na saída de veículos da pista. A análise dos resultados fornecidos pelo modelo QRSP mostra que o mesmo representa a realidade de maneira satisfatória. As informações quantitativas fornecidas pelo modelo são de grande utilidade na elaboração de projetos de melhoria das características das laterais de rodovias existentes, bem como na preparação de projetos de novas rodovias.A significant portion of road traffic accidents on highways occurs because of the exit of vehicles from the runway, which may result in collisions with fixed obstacles, falls in empty spaces, overturning, roll over, etc. This kind of accident is in general quite severe, due to the high speeds on highways. Approximately one third of road accidents with fatalities in the United States result from the runway exit. In Brazil, it is estimated that 30% of road accidents are also related to the runway exit, bringing this value at 25% in the cases of accidents with fatal victims. The QRRE that stands for Quantification the Risk in the Runway Exit of vehicles on highways is presented in this research. The model allows to quantify the level of protection in each particular segment of the highway (microscopic analysis) and from this information, it permits to quantify the level of protection considering long segments (macroscopic analysis). In the developed model, the assessment is done considering separately the left and right sides of the runway, and the results can be compounded in the case of long segments quantification. The model was developed for the case of multilanes highways in each direction, however, this model can also be used in the case of two lanes highways with two-ways direction. The QRRE model allows to determine parameters that are not provided by the methods ABNT (2007) - Brazilian standard, - and AASHTO (2002) - American standard, which provides a better measurement of risk in the exit of vehicles from the runway. The results obtained by QRRE model show that it clearly represents the reality. The quantitative information provided by the model are useful for the development of projects in order to improve the characteristics of the roadside highways available, and the development of projects for new highways.
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Mattax, Megan. "Forgotten, Found, Forgiven." VCU Scholars Compass, 2011. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2354.
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My work deals with loss and the emotions entangled with grief. To do this, I incorporate text, found organic imagery, bound fibers, and hand-spun threads into my work. I relate these objects and materials to the stages of a woman’s life, which is a symbolic reference to the nymph, mother, and crone and the transformation from life to death. The background surface of information in my two-dimensional work serves as a cryptic guide to the actual meaning of things. All the excerpted information comes from medical or general knowledge dictionaries. This ground of text is methodically planned but also spontaneously created by tearing through one layer to expose what lies beneath. The rough surface of the torn paper conceals and dilutes the imagery I place upon it. I see my surfaces as an artifice, constantly masking information and obscuring meaning. By hiding my imagery behind the words or hiding the text within my work I do not have to confront their emotional implications or full meanings. They are seen as visual imagery based on their aesthetic appearance as well as to be read literally. I approach my three-dimensional work with same destructive manner. By letting the material and construction of piece guide my process I am forced to think only of the brevity of its existence in various stages of life. The forms are transformed and shaped by the elements of water, fire, and air leaving only a memory, whisper, or shadow of the organic shape they represent to me.
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Bailey, David Bradley. ""The as-yet-still-forgiven past" Dyaln Thomas and nostalgia /." Click here to access thesis, 2008. http://www.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/archive/fall2008/dbailey/Bailey_David_B_200808_MA.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia Southern University, 2008."A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts." Directed by Howard Keeley. ETD. Includes bibliographical references (p. 114-115)
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Lupo, Joshua Scott. "Can We Be Forgiven?: On "Impossible" and "Communal" Forgiveness in Contemporary Philosophy and Theology." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/rs_theses/27.
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This essay traces two trends in current philosophical and theological debates concerning forgiveness. One, advocated by Vladimir Jankélévitch and Jacques Derrida, I label “impossible” forgiveness. The second, advanced by John Milbank and L. Gregory Jones, I label “communal” forgiveness. I explore and critically examine each of these positions in the first two sections of the thesis. In the last section of the thesis I examine a recent conversation amongst religious ethicists against the background of the theoretical conversations described in the first half of the essay. Bringing the theoretical conversation together with the religious ethicists’ conversation, I argue that whether or not we embrace forgiveness depends in large part in what tradition, religious or secular, we place ourselves.
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Berto, Kelley C. "Interpersonal Needs and Suicide Risk: Examining Indirect Effects of Internal Hostility and Feeling Forgiven." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3920.
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Suicide is a national public health concern, and unmet interpersonal needs (i.e., perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness) may contribute to enhanced risk. However, mechanisms of action and certain protective variables are not well understood. The present study examined simple mediation models, with internal hostility as a mechanism of action between interpersonal needs and suicide risk. Additionally, our study examined the moderating role of various aspects of receiving forgiveness on the association between interpersonal needs and internal hostility in these simple mediation models. A community-based convenience sample was surveyed (N=712). Our findings indicated that internal hostility partially mediated the association between perceived burdensomeness/thwarted belongingness and suicide risk, such that higher levels of interpersonal needs variables were associated with higher levels of internal hostility, and in turn, higher levels of suicide risk. No evidence was found for a buffering effect of feeling forgiven on these statistical models. Our findings suggest that negative, internalized self-perception contributes to suicide risk above and beyond that of interpersonal needs alone. Implications are discussed for both theory and practice.
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Martin, Alyce M. "Exploring forgiveness the relationship between feeling forgiven by God and self-forgiveness for an interpersonal offense /." online version, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=case1206582492.
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Martin, Alyce Mae. "Exploring Forgiveness: The Relationship Between Feeling Forgiven by God and Self-Forgiveness for an Interpersonal Offense." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1206582492.
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Pugh, Kelley. "Religious Attendance, Surrender to God, and Suicide Risk: Mediating Pathways of Feeling Forgiven by God and Psychopathology." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3535.
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Suicide is a national public health concern, and college students may be at increased risk. Symptoms of psychopathology (i.e., stress, anxiety, and depression) may contribute to risk, whereas religiosity (i.e., religious attendance, surrendering to God, and feeling forgiven by God) may reduce risk. Students from a rural southeastern university (N=249) completed self-report measures. Serial mediation analyses indicate that attendance and surrender to God are inversely- predictive of suicide risk, both directly and through the indirect pathways of feeling forgiven by God (1st order mediator) and psychopathology (2nd order mediators). In all models, specific indirect effects occurred through feeling forgiven by God, suggesting the importance of relational aspects of religiosity. Our novel findings highlight mechanisms of action linking religiosity to suicide risk, and may provide direction for therapeutic intervention (e.g., psycho- education regarding religious involvement, fostering feelings of forgiveness) to reduce psychopathology and suicidality in the collegiate population.
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Pugh, Kelley C., Loren Toussaint, Jon R. Webb, Andrea D. Clements, and Jameson K. Hirsch. "Religious Attendance, Surrender to God, and Suicide Risk: Mediating Pathways of Feeling Forgiven by God and Psychopathology." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/151.
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Suicide is a significant public health concern and the second leading cause of death for college-age students in the United States. Although psychopathology (e.g., stress, anxiety, and depression) contributes to suicide risk, individual-level protective characteristics may be preventative. For instance, involvement in religious communities is inversely associated with suicide risk. Other factors, like surrendering to God or a deity (i.e., relinquishing control to God, entrusting one’s life to God’s purposes), are not well understood, but may also be beneficial. Further, psycho-spiritual processes, such as forgiveness, may help to explain the linkage between religious attendance/surrender and suicide.
At the bivariate level, we hypothesized that religious attendance (RA), surrender to God (STG), and feeling forgiven by God (FFG) would be positively related; that depression, anxiety, stress, and suicide risk (SR) would be positively related; and that religious and psychopathological variables would be inversely related. In multivariate analyses, we hypothesized RA and STG would be negatively associated with suicide risk, and that FFG (1storder mediator) and psychopathology (i.e., stress, depression, and anxiety; 2ndorder mediators) would mediate this linkage, such that greater religious attendance/surrender would be related to increased FFG and, in turn, to less psychopathology and suicidality.
Students from a rural southeastern university (N=249) completed self-report measures, including: a single-item measure of RA; the Surrender to God Scale; Brief Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness/Spirituality – forgiveness items; Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales; and, Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire – Revised. Pearson-product moment bivariate correlations were utilized to assess for associations between, and independence of, study variables. Multivariate mediation analyses were conducted using Hayes’ PROCESS macro in SPSS, utilizing a 10,000 bootstrapping sample and covarying age, race, and sex.
All bivariate hypotheses were supported, in expected directions (p<.001). All multivariate hypotheses in the RA models were supported, such that a total effect, but not an indirect effect was observed for depression (β=-.036, SE=.009,t=-4.104, p<.001), anxiety (β=-.036, SE=.009,t=-4.104, p<.001), and stress (β=-.036, SE=.009,t=-4.104, p<.001), indicating mediation. All hypotheses in STG models were supported, such that a total effect, but not an indirect effect was observed for depression (β=-.092, SE=.016,t=-5.700, p<.001), anxiety (β=-.092, SE=.016,t=-5.700, p<.001), and stress (β=-.092, SE=.016,t=-5.700, p<.001), indicating mediation. In all models, specific indirect effects occurred through the FFG pathway, suggesting the importance of intrinsic, relational aspects of religiosity for the reduction of suicide risk. A specific indirect effect between STG and SR through stress was observed, suggesting that relinquishing control to a “higher power” may be beneficial for stress reduction. Our novel findings highlight several potential mechanisms of action linking religious factors and SR, and may have clinical implications. Therapeutic promotion of religious involvement, when appropriate, and fostering a sense of forgiveness (e.g., via cognitive behavioral therapy, REACH model of forgiveness) may aid in the reduction of psychopathology and suicide risk in the collegiate population.
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Chen, Jing-Ru, and 陳靜如. "The Forgiving Process of Homicide Survivors." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00367427143423602801.
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碩士國立臺北大學
犯罪學研究所
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Forgiveness has long been discussed and researched as a theme in theology, philosophy, and ethics. In the last two or three decades, there have been a lot of scientific empirical researches about forgiveness in the field of psychology (treatment). However, there is very little discussion of forgiveness in criminology. When homicide happens, the media and the public try to figure out the perpetrator's motive and the course of offense and whether the offender expresses remorse and apology. There are cases that the victim survivor expresses that he/she is willing to forgive the murderer of his/her loved ones. And it would become the focus of much attention and discussion. The purpose of this research is to understand the victim survivors' cognition, motivation, the internal and external factors, the construction of the course of forgiveness and the impact and change that it has brought about and also to explore the influence of public opinion, judicial procedures, their participation of the Restorative Justice Program on victim survivors' choice to forgive. By qualitative research method, in-depth interviews with five survivors of homicide victims would be conducted after making a list of interviewees by surveying the newspaper reports, then contacting them through the referral of individuals or institutions familiar with the interviewees and finally being granted the consent to the interview. The interviews would be classified and clustered and then be encoded by the same or similar nature of the information. Classification and summarization of related topics would be conducted based on Enright's process model of forgiveness and Enright's process model of forgiveness intervention as well as Spring's acceptance theory. The respondents' narration shows the impact of homicide on the survivors, the impact of confronting the perpetrators and the public, their experiences and suggestions after going through the judicial procedures and the participation in the Restorative Justice Program, their cognition of forgiveness, their course of forgiveness and the respondent mechanism between to forgive and not to forgive. Finally, according to the findings of the research, the five respondents' course of forgiveness would be conducted and the life stories of their choice to forgive would be told in the narrative style based on the five phases: "feeling hurt", "being aware of the impact of negative emotions", "deciding to choose forgiveness as the solution to the problem (the formation of the idea of forgiveness)", "execution of forgiveness from the inside out" and "bearing the fruit of forgiveness".
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Von, Krosigk Beate Christine. "Facilitating forgiveness: an NLP approach to forgiving." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1480.
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Facilitating forgiveness: an NLP approach to forgiving is an attempt at uncovering features of the blocks that prevent people to forgive. These blocks to forgiveness can be detected in the real life situations of the six individuals who told me their stories. The inner thoughts, feelings and the subsequent behaviour that prevented them from forgiving others is clearly uncovered in their stories. The facilitation process highlights the features that created the blocks in the past thus preventing forgiveness to occur. The blocks with their accompanying features reveal what needs to be clarified or changed in order to eventually enable the hurt individuals to forgive those who have hurt them. The application of discourse analysis to the stories of hurt highlights the links between the real life stories of the individuals within their contexts with regard to unforgiveness to the research findings of the existing body of knowledge, thereby creating a complexly interwoven comprehensive understanding of the individuals' thoughts, feelings, and behaviours in conjunction with their developmental phases within their socio-cultural contexts.
Neuro-linguistic-programming (NLP) is the instrument with which forgiving is facilitated in the six individuals who expressed their conscious desire to forgive, because they were unable to do so on their own. Their emotions had the habit of keeping them in a place in which they were forced to relive the hurtful event as if it were happening in the present. Arresting the process of reliving negative emotions requires a new way of being in this world. The assumption that this can be learnt is based on the results from a previous study, in which forgiveness was uncovered by means of the grounded theory approach as a cognitive process (Von Krosigk, 2000). The results from the previous research in conjunction with the results and insights from this research study are presented in the form of a grounded theory model of forgiveness.Psychology
D. Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)
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Gilbert, Paul Byron Readdick Christine Anderson. "An analysis of the function of systemic variables within forgiving and unforgiving families." Diss., 2004. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-06232004-211248.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2004.Advisor: Dr. Christine A. Readdick, Florida State University, College of Human Sciences, Dept. of Family and Child Sciences. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Sept. 23, 2004). Includes bibliographical references.
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Sun, Yun-Ping, and 孫雲平. "The effect of an individual''s understanding of convention on the restitutional forgiving process." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28579308662355089323.
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Antunes, Pedro Joaquim. "Da vulnerabilidade ao perdão : uma leitura de Carlos Mendonza-Álvarez." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/29879.
Full textAbstract:
O perdão é um mistério para o ser humano. A sociedade contemporânea, apelidada por
muitos de pós-modernidade, continua a ser marcada por desigualdades e por formas de
violência que, por sua vez, originam vítimas. O sujeito pós-moderno é apelidado de débil, pois
vive numa condição de vulnerabilidade, que expôs as suas fragilidades e lhe devolveu a
consciência dos seus limites, enquanto ser finito. Este contexto da pós-modernidade é o terreno
fértil, para que possa florescer o perdão, por parte das vítimas, quando estas conseguem superar
o ressentimento e a rivalidade. Abre-se, então, a possibilidade do aparecimento de vítimas
perdoadoras, que são aquelas que perdoam porque se descobrem amadas por uma alteridade
inefável a que chamamos Deus. Nesse sentido, apesar de, na modernidade, a transcendência ter
sido posta em causa, nesta sociedade em ruínas, continua a ser possível um futuro de esperança,
em que podemos vislumbrar a presença de Deus.Forgiveness is a mystery to the human being. Contemporary society, dubbed by many as postmodernity, continues to be marked by inequalities and forms of violence that in turn lead to victims. The postmodern subject is called weak because he lives in a condition of vulnerability that has exposed his weaknesses and given back his awareness of his limits as a finite being. This is the breeding ground so that victims' forgiveness can flourish when they can overcome resentment and rivalry. This opens the possibility to the appearance of the forgiving victims, those who forgive because they find themselves loved by an ineffable alterity we call God. In this sense, although in modernity transcendence has been undermined, now in this ruined society, a future of hope in which we can glimpse the presence of God remains possible.
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李婷琪. "Must be forgiven after recovery? Exploring Service Recovery on Repurchase Intention." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/szg929.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立彰化師範大學
企業管理學系
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Everyone inevitably has experiences of service failure in their daily life. Enterprises try their best to make up for customers; however, customers mind the actions that enterprises take. This study aims to investigate the effects of service recovery strategies which are apology, compensation and recovery speed on customers’ forgiveness for service failure. Furthermore, cynicism is used as a moderator to explore if it has any effect on the relationship between service recovery strategies and forgiveness, and the relationship between forgiveness and repurchase intentions. This study focuses on catering as the research background adopts 2x2x2 experimental design. The questionnaires were distributed and three hundred and fifty-five valid samples were received. Afterwards, SPSS was employed for data analysis. According to the analysis results, three types of recover strategies all have positive effect on forgiveness. Besides, forgiveness also has positive influence on repurchase intentions. However, cynicism and apology don’t have interaction effect on forgiveness and either do cynicism and compensation. However, cynicism has moderation effect between recovery speed and forgiveness. Cynicism doesn’t have moderation effect between forgiveness and repurchase intentions. Enterprises look forward to turning the tide after happening service failure. Therefore, this study presents the meaningful practical suggestions as a reference check to enterprises. Forgiveness and repurchase intentions are crucial to enterprises; thus, enterprises have to formulate a professional process for training course, and provide suitable recovery measures. It not only can be profit for enterprises but increase consumers’ repurchase intentions to achieve sustainable operation.
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Gama, De Cossio Borja. "Can I Be Forgiven? Expressing Conversion through the Eyes of Mary Magdalene: Lope de Vega and Richard Crashaw." 2013. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/1006.
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The present study examines the figure of Mary Magdalene in the poetry of Lope de Vega and Richard Crashaw. I propose that while setting Mary Magdalene as the perfect example to convert, both authors could also express their conversion through the composition of two different poems: “Las Lágrimas de la Magdalena” by Lope de Vega and “Saint Mary Magdalene or, The Weeper” by Richard Crashaw. Each poem is centered on the idea of Mary Magdalene’s copious tears as the performative mark of her repentance which will effect her conversion. These two conversions are placed within two European literary traditions, Spain and England; as well as two different processes: on the one hand, Lope de Vega would go from a licentious life in his early years to becoming a priest at the end of his life, thus, devoting his life to religion. On the other hand, Richard Crashaw’s conversion would take place in between two conflicting religious beliefs, i.e., his transition from Protestantism to Catholicism. The other main goal of this work is studying these poems through the Baroque movement developed at the beginning of the seventeenth century. Hence, Lope de Vega’s poem is full of Baroque characteristics typical of the Spanish conceptism despite his reluctance consider his poetry Baroque. Crashaw, on his side, presents a poem which differs from the literary production in England in the first part of the seventeenth century. His Baroque sensibility would be, accordingly, influenced by his readings of the Spanish Golden Age authors. Therefore, anomaly, exaggeration, tempus fugit, conceptism, contradiction, paradox, and binary oppositions are Baroque characteristics both authors have in common in regard to their own particular description of both Mary Magdalene’s biblical stories and tears. Lastly, both poems will lead us to draw parallels with the Song of Songs in terms of spiritual conversation, and feminine identification.