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Journal articles on the topic 'Formal language generation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Van Deemter, Kees, Ehud Reiter, and Helmut Horacek. "Formal Issues in Natural Language Generation." Research on Language and Computation 4, no. 1 (2006): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11168-006-9008-9.

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Dreisbach, Jeconiah Louis, and Feorillo Petronilo A. Demeterio III. "INTERGENERATIONAL LANGUAGE PREFERENCE SHIFT AMONG CEBUANOS ON THE CEBUANO, FILIPINO, AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES." LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching 23, no. 2 (2020): 220–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/llt.v23i2.2581.

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The historical linguistic conflict of the Cebuano people against the Tagalog-based Philippine national language has been evident in the literature written by Cebuano academics. However, there is no published empirical evidence that presents the on-ground language attitudes of the Cebuanos on the Cebuano, Filipino, and English languages. Employing mixed methods research, the researchers found that both generations predominantly use the Cebuano language for everyday communication. A significant difference was observed in the use of Filipino and English languages as the younger generation spoke i

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Graics, Bence, Vince Molnár, András Vörös, István Majzik, and Dániel Varró. "Mixed-semantics composition of statecharts for the component-based design of reactive systems." Software and Systems Modeling 19, no. 6 (2020): 1483–517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10270-020-00806-5.

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Abstract The increasing complexity of reactive systems can be mitigated with the use of components and composition languages in model-driven engineering. Designing composition languages is a challenge itself as both practical applicability (support for different composition approaches in various application domains), and precise formal semantics (support for verification and code generation) have to be taken into account. In our Gamma Statechart Composition Framework, we designed and implemented a composition language for the synchronous, cascade synchronous and asynchronous composition of sta

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Dreisbach, Jeconiah Louis, and Feorillo Petronilo A. Demeterio III. "Language use and preference in the multilingual context of Davao City, Philippines." Studies in English Language and Education 8, no. 1 (2021): 313–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/siele.v8i1.18454.

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This paper is a pioneering study on the language use and preference of the Davaoeños from generations X (born in the years 1965 to 1979) and Z (born in the years 1995 to 2015) towards the Cebuano, Filipino, and English languages. Being a linguistically diverse area, Davao is home to the emerging contact language Davao Filipino which is currently spoken by the various ethnolinguistic groups currently inhabiting the city. This study utilized mixed methods research, particularly a survey questionnaire and focus group discussions, to explore the perspectives of the respondents on the said language

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Mündler, Niels, Jingxuan He, Hao Wang, Koushik Sen, Dawn Song, and Martin Vechev. "Type-Constrained Code Generation with Language Models." Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages 9, PLDI (2025): 601–26. https://doi.org/10.1145/3729274.

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Large language models (LLMs) have achieved notable success in code generation. However, they still frequently produce uncompilable output because their next-token inference procedure does not model formal aspects of code. Although constrained decoding is a promising approach to alleviate this issue, it has only been applied to handle either domain-specific languages or syntactic features of general-purpose programming languages. However, LLMs frequently generate code with typing errors, which are beyond the domain of syntax and generally hard to adequately constrain. To address this challenge,

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Lestari, Citra, Kenny Jihiro, Andreas Lim, Daniel Aprilio, and Franciscus Valentinus. "Penggunaan Kamus Singkatan Kata Bahasa Indonesia Sehari-Hari dalam Pembangkitan Fitur Teks." Jurnal Informatika Universitas Pamulang 8, no. 2 (2023): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32493/informatika.v8i2.29306.

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Natural Language Processing (NLP) research on Indonesian language is relatively slow compared to other languages, such as English or Chinese. Most of the researches are dealing with Indonesian formal textes. Some NLP researches that are dealing with Indoensian informal texts are having quite difficulty since Indonesian informal language usually combines formal language, daily language, and local language. In addition, there is a habit in Indoensians to use abbreviation in texting. These cause great difficulty in features generation process, where machines fail to identify stopwords and form le

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Potiyenko, S. V., and A. V. Kolchin. "Generation of multipurpose formal models from legacy code." PROBLEMS IN PROGRAMMING, no. 3-4 (December 2022): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/pp2022.03-04.042.

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In this paper a method for generation of formal models from legacy systems code is proposed. The purpose of these models is to have a possibility of their application in different tasks such as automatic generation of executable tests, translation to modern programming languages, reverse engineering. The method pursues goals to decrease complexity of state space search and checking formulas satisfiability in relation to the direct code modeling, and to help legacy systems understanding and implementing in modern technologies. We focused on formalization of Cobol memory model as it is the most

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Thangaraj, Jagadeeswaran, and Senthilkumaran Ulaganathan. "A Comparative Study on Transformation of UML/OCL to Other Specifications." Recent Advances in Computer Science and Communications 13, no. 2 (2020): 256–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2213275912666190129121059.

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Background: Static verification is a sound programming methodology that permits automated reasoning about the correctness of an implementation with respect to its formal specification before its execution. Unified Modelling Language is most commonly used modelling language which describes the client’s requirement. Object Constraint Language is a formal language which allows users to express textual constraints regarding the UML model. Therefore, UML/OCL express formal specification and helps the developers to implement the code according to the client’s requirement through software design. Obj

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Boutekkouk, Fateh. "Towards automatic Maude specifications generation from C functions." Journal of Innovation Information Technology and Application (JINITA) 5, no. 1 (2023): 83–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.35970/jinita.v5i1.1846.

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In this paper, we aim to contribute to the knowledge about how imperative C functions can be transformed to Maude functional and system modules respectively. Maude is a formal specification language characterized by simplicity, expressivity and good performance. It is a multi-paradigm meta-language based on rewriting logic and equational theories used to specify, simulate and formally verify concurrent and distributed systems. Maude has been used to define the operational semantics of many programming and specification languages. In particular, the addition of this paper is to close the gap be

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Ningsih, Claudia Ratna, Irma Yanti Sitorus, Najla Haifa Maulidina Tarigan, Yasinta Theresya Claudia Malau, and Fitriani Lubis. "Analysis of the Role of the Karo Ethnic Young Generation in Preserving the Karo Language Amid the Challenges of Modernity." QISTINA: Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia 3, no. 2 (2024): 1290–95. https://doi.org/10.57235/qistina.v3i2.4012.

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This research aims to analyze the role of the young generation of Karo ethnicity in preserving the Karo language, especially amidst the challenges of modernity. The Karo language, as part of the cultural identity of the Karo ethnic group, is experiencing a shift in usage among the younger generation due to the influence of modernization, urbanization and the dominance of national and international languages. This research uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method, which utilizes various written sources such as scientific journals and academic articles. Through this method, res

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Rubino, Antonia, and Camilla Bettoni. "Language maintenance and language shift." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 21, no. 1 (1998): 21–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.21.1.02rub.

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Patterns of language use by Sicilians and Venetians living in Sydney are here presented with particular attention to the maintenance of Italian and Dialect under the impact of widespread shift to English. Data gathered by questionnaire self-reporting are analysed according to four main variables: domain, linguistic generation, gender and region of origin. Results suggest that the original Italian diglossia between the High and the Low languages is well maintained, as Italian occupies the more public, formal and regionally heterogeneous space in the community, and Dialect the more private, info

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Kalla, Hamoudi, David Berner, and Jean-Pierre Talpin. "Automated Generation of Synchronous Formal Models from SystemC Descriptions." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 28, no. 04 (2019): 1950061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126619500610.

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SystemC is one of the most popular electronic system-level design language and it is embraced by a growing community that seeks to move to a higher level of abstraction. It lacks however a standard way of integrating formal methods and formal verification techniques into a SystemC design flow. In this paper, we show how SystemC descriptions are automatically transformed into the formal synchronous language Signal, while conserving the original structure and enabling the application of formal verification techniques. Signal provides a simple semantics of concurrency and time, and allows verific

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Daniela, Dănciulescu, Colhon Mihaela, and Grigoraş Gheorghe. "BRAIN Journal - Right-Linear Languages Generated in Systems of Knowledge Representation based on LSG." BRAIN - Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience 8, no. 1 (2017): 42–51. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1045027.

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ABSTRACT In Tudor (Preda) (2010) a method for formal languages generation based on labeled stratified graph representations is sketched. The author proves that the considered method can generate regular languages and context-sensitive languages by considering an exemplification of the proposed method for a particular regular language and another one for a particular contextsensitive language. At the end of the study, the author highlights some open problems for future research among which we remind: (1) The study of the language families that can be generated by means of these structures; (2)

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Anhar, Anhar, Khoirunnisaa Khoirunnisaa, Lisa Septianti, and Mala Asmawati. "Pengaruh Tiktok Terhadap Perkembangan Bahasa di Kalangan Generasi Alpha." Indo-MathEdu Intellectuals Journal 5, no. 5 (2024): 6341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.54373/imeij.v5i5.1994.

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This study explores the influence of TikTok on the language development of Generation Alpha in Indonesia, a generation born after 2010 and raised in a digital environment. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, this research employs in-depth interviews, observation, and content analysis to examine how TikTok affects vocabulary, the emergence of new terms, and communication patterns. The findings reveal that TikTok contributes to the rise of neologisms and slang terms such as "rizz," "brainrot," and "sigma," which have quickly spread among Generation Alpha. This trend enriches vocabulary whi

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Siti Hajar Mohd Khairuddin, Muhammad Azrin Ahmad, and Mohd Sham Mohamad. "Classification of n-th Order Limit Language in Formal Language Classes." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 44, no. 2 (2024): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/araset.44.2.110.

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The study of splicing systems and their language has grown rapidly since Paun developed a splicing system known as a regular splicing scheme that produces a regular language. Since then, the researchers have been eager to classify the splicing language into certain classes in the Chomsky hierarchy, such as context-free language, context-sensitive language and recursive enumerable language. Previously, the study on the n-th order limit language was conducted from the biological perspective to the limit language produced. Still, no research has been done from the generation of language point of

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Nederhof, M. J., and G. Satta. "IDL-Expressions: A Formalism for Representing and Parsing Finite Languages in Natural Language Processing." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 21 (March 1, 2004): 287–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.1309.

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We propose a formalism for representation of finite languages, referred to as the class of IDL-expressions, which combines concepts that were only considered in isolation in existing formalisms. The suggested applications are in natural language processing, more specifically in surface natural language generation and in machine translation, where a sentence is obtained by first generating a large set of candidate sentences, represented in a compact way, and then by filtering such a set through a parser. We study several formal properties of IDL-expressions and compare this new formalism with m

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Erwina, Emmy, Tommy Tommy, and Mayasari Mayasari. "Detection and statistic analysis of formal error spelling in Indonesian." Edelweiss Applied Science and Technology 9, no. 6 (2025): 1897–904. https://doi.org/10.55214/25768484.v9i6.8275.

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Using language with correct pronunciation, especially for teachers and lecturers, can help foster language awareness among the younger generation. The high use of non-standard language and incorrect pronunciation of words in the younger generation is a serious concern, considering that culture and trends in the current era of globalization have caused language standards to fade. This study detects and classifies errors in the pronunciation of standard words in Indonesian, using teachers at the teacher level and lecturers at the Yayasan Pendidikan Harapan Medan as respondents. The data on the c

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Motamedi, Yasamin, Kathryn Montemurro, Natasha Abner, Molly Flaherty, Simon Kirby, and Susan Goldin-Meadow. "The Seeds of the Noun–Verb Distinction in the Manual Modality: Improvisation and Interaction in the Emergence of Grammatical Categories." Languages 7, no. 2 (2022): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages7020095.

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The noun–verb distinction has long been considered a fundamental property of human language, and has been found in some form even in the earliest stages of language emergence, including homesign and the early generations of emerging sign languages. We present two experimental studies that use silent gesture to investigate how noun–verb distinctions develop in the manual modality through two key processes: (i) improvising using novel signals by individuals, and (ii) using those signals in the interaction between communicators. We operationalise communicative interaction in two ways: a setting i

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Abdelsayed, Ibraam, and Martina Bellinzona. "Language Attitudes among Second-Generation Arabic Speakers in Italy." Languages 9, no. 8 (2024): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages9080262.

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This research explores the language attitudes of second-generation Arabic speakers in Italy, examining their perspectives on both Italian and Arabic. The study assesses these attitudes within the complex sociolinguistic environment of Arabic, which is heavily influenced by a diglossic view between Standard Arabic and Arabic dialects. The findings highlight nuanced attitudes toward Italian, Standard Arabic, and Arabic dialects, influenced by factors such as social integration, communicative utility, and cultural identity. Italian is perceived as a tool for social advancement and integration. In

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Sun, Xiaofei, Xiaoya Li, Yuxian Meng, et al. "Defending against Backdoor Attacks in Natural Language Generation." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, no. 4 (2023): 5257–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i4.25656.

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The frustratingly fragile nature of neural network models make current natural language generation (NLG) systems prone to backdoor attacks and generate malicious sequences that could be sexist or offensive. Unfortunately, little effort has been invested to how backdoor attacks can affect current NLG models and how to defend against these attacks. In this work, by giving a formal definition of backdoor attack and defense, we investigate this problem on two important NLG tasks, machine translation and dialog generation. Tailored to the inherent nature of NLG models (e.g., producing a sequence of

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Sustr, Christian, Ulrich Pont, and Ardeshir Mahdavi. "Rule Based Building Construction Generation: An Approach Based on Formal Language Methods." Applied Mechanics and Materials 861 (December 2016): 564–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.861.564.

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The composition of efficient and appropriate building constructions is a key agenda in the building delivery process. While this process is regularly considered to be of highest importance for the final quality of a building, many involved stakeholders regard it as a cumbersome and repetitive routine. Therefore, approaches to facilitate this process should be investigated. Toward this end, we address the layer-wise building component composition via formal language methods. These are regularly used in computer science to formalize real-world processes into a language that can be processed by a

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Jhon Roger Sitohang, Fonti Fai Banjarahor, Reni Wati Sagala, and Moh. Surip. "Dinamika Peran Bahasa Indoesia di kalangan Gen-Z : Analisis Penggunaan Bahasa Gaul di Media Sosial." Jurnal Yudistira : Publikasi Riset Ilmu Pendidikan dan Bahasa 3, no. 2 (2025): 91–96. https://doi.org/10.61132/yudistira.v3i2.1669.

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This research aims to analyze the dynamics of the role of Indonesian language among Generation Z, with an emphasis on the use of slang language in the context of social media. Language as a means of communication holds crucial significance in social life, and its development reflects the changes in time and technology Generation Z, born between the mid-1990s and early 2010s, is a group that is highly exposed to digital media and actively engages in content creation. A descriptive qualitative method is employed to explore the impact of slang language usage on the practice of formal Indonesian l

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Puspita, Vinka Ganita, and Ardik Ardianto. "Code-Switching and Slang: An Analysis of Language Dynamics in the Everyday Lives of Generation Z." Linguistics Initiative 4, no. 1 (2024): 76–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.53696/27753719.41127.

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This study explores the dynamics of code-switching used in Generation Z’s (Gen-Z) communication practices, revealing it as a dynamic and adaptive strategy employed in diverse social contexts. Gen-Z exhibits context-specific types of code-switching, utilizing informal and casual forms, such as slang and non-formal language, in peer interactions. Within familial settings, a seamless transition between formal and informal language aligns with established family norms, while professional environments witness the use of formal and professional language. The strategic use of code-switching and slang

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Kang, SungKu, Lalit Patil, Arvind Rangarajan, et al. "Automated feedback generation for formal manufacturing rule extraction." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 33, no. 3 (2019): 289–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060419000027.

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AbstractManufacturing knowledge is maintained primarily in the unstructured text in industry. To facilitate the reuse of the knowledge, previous efforts have utilized Natural Language Processing (NLP) to classify manufacturing documents or to extract structured knowledge (e.g. ontology) from manufacturing text. On the other hand, extracting more complex knowledge, such as manufacturing rule, has not been feasible in a practical scenario, as standard NLP techniques cannot address the input text that needs validation. Specifically, if the input text contains the information irrelevant to the rul

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Yu. Ismailova, Larisa, and Sergey V. Kosikov. "Configuration of the instrumental tools for generation of text representations of object of the curated database." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.5 (2018): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.5.21140.

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The paper considers the problem of configuring the instrumental tools (a workbench) for generating textual representations of objects in the curated database. A formal (formalized) representation of a fragment of a natural language sufficient to describe the content of data- base objects is proposed. Based on the matching of the expressive means of the proposed language, taking into account the general archi- tecture of the comprehensive information system, the configuration of support tools is proposed. The configuration provides support to the procedures for manipulating formal descriptions,

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Govaerts, John, Arosha Bandara, and Kevin Curran. "A formal logic approach to firewall packet filtering analysis and generation." Artificial Intelligence Review 29, no. 3-4 (2008): 223–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10462-009-9147-0.

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Halimatussyakdiah Siregar, Qori Afifah Tampubolon, Dewi Ribreka, Osmondo Jorey Pratama, and Lili Tansliova. "Pengaruh Bahasa Gaul Terhadap Penggunaan Bahasa Indonesia di Kalangan Gen Z." Bersatu: Jurnal Pendidikan Bhinneka Tunggal Ika 2, no. 3 (2024): 40–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.51903/bersatu.v2i3.707.

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In this study, quantitative methods using structured questionnaires were used to assess the impact of slang use on good and correct Indonesian use among Generation Z. The study participants consisted of 35 people from Generation Z. Data analysis concluded that although the majority of respondents admitted to using slang in daily life, awareness of the importance of using Indonesian formal language still remained high. The results showed that the use of slang did not have a significant effect on the participants' ability to use Indonesian words accurately. This highlights that although Gen Z ge

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Haloua, Fatima, Messaoud Abbas, Ammar Boucherit, and Hessa Alfraihi. "A maintainable and iterative development approach of critical systems with FoCaLiZe." STUDIES IN ENGINEERING AND EXACT SCIENCES 5, no. 1 (2024): 1821–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.54021/seesv5n1-092.

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The life-cycle development of critical systems follows mainly a V-cycle process overlapped with proofs and/or verification techniques. At the first development stage, a critical system must be, precisely, and as completely as possible described. Thus, it is recommended to use a graphical modeling language standard such as the Unified Modeling Language (UML) and the Object Constraint Language (OCL), to which both customers and developers could contribute. Then, the graphical design with its formal specification (requirements) is mapped into a complete formal development environment, using an MD

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Fukui, Naoki. "A Note on Weak vs. Strong Generation in Human Language." Studies in Chinese Linguistics 36, no. 2 (2015): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/scl-2015-0004.

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Abstract This paper argues that various important results of formal language theory (e.g., the so-called Chomsky Hierarchy) may in fact be illusory as far as the human language faculty is concerned, as has been repeatedly emphasized by Chomsky himself. The paper takes up nested dependencies and cross-serial dependencies, the two important dependencies that typically show up in the discussion of the central classes of grammars and languages, and specifically shows that the fact that nested dependencies abound in human language while cross-serial dependencies are rather limited in human language

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Hatcliff, John, Danielle Stewart, Jason Belt, Robby ., and August Schwerdfeger. "An AADL Contract Language Supporting Integrated Model- and Code-Level Verification." ACM SIGAda Ada Letters 42, no. 2 (2023): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3591335.3591339.

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Model-based systems engineering approaches support the early adoption of a model - a collection of abstractions - of the system under development. The system model can be augmented with key properties of the system including formal specifications of system behavior that codify portions of system and unit-level requirements. There are obvious gaps between the model with formally specified behavior and the deployed system. Previous work on component contract languages has shown how behavior can be specified in models defined using the Architecture Analysis and Design Language (AADL) - a SAE Inte

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Jangra, Anubhav, Jamshid Mozafari, Adam Jatowt, and Smaranda Muresan. "Navigating the Landscape of Hint Generation Research: From the Past to the Future." Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics 13 (2025): 505–28. https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00751.

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Abstract Digital education has gained popularity in the last decade, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. With the improving capabilities of large language models to reason and communicate with users, envisioning intelligent tutoring systems that can facilitate self-learning is not very far-fetched. One integral component to fulfill this vision is the ability to give accurate and effective feedback via hints to scaffold the learning process. In this survey article, we present a comprehensive review of prior research on hint generation, aiming to bridge the gap between research in education

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Choi, Eun Hye, Hideaki Nishihara, Takahiro Ando, et al. "Formal Specification Based Automatic Test Generation for Embedded Network Systems." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2014 (2014): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/909762.

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Embedded systems have become increasingly connected and communicate with each other, forming large-scaled and complicated network systems. To make their design and testing more reliable and robust, this paper proposes a formal specification language calledSENSand aSENS-based automatic test generation tool calledTGSENS. Our approach is summarized as follows: (1) A user describes requirements of target embedded network systems by logical property-based constraints usingSENS. (2) GivenSENSspecifications, test cases are automatically generated using a SAT-based solver. Filtering mechanisms to sele

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Vještica, Marko, Vladimir Dimitrieski, Milan Pisarić, Slavica Kordić, Sonja Ristić, and Ivan Luković. "Towards a Formal Specification of Production Processes Suitable for Automatic Execution." Open Computer Science 11, no. 1 (2021): 161–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/comp-2020-0200.

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Abstract Technological advances and increasing customer need for highly customized products have triggered a fourth industrial revolution. A digital revolution in the manufacturing industry is enforced by introducing smart devices and knowledge bases to form intelligent manufacturing information systems. One of the goals of the digital revolution is to allow flexibility of smart factories by automating shop floor changes based on the changes in input production processes and ordered products. In order to make this possible, a formal language to describe production processes is needed, together

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Carvalho, Adriano. "REX: General-Purpose CNL with Code Generation Support." Applied Sciences 12, no. 15 (2022): 7700. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12157700.

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Controlled natural languages (CNLs) have been proposed to address some of the issues of natural language when it is used to express requirements. CNLs, however, are based on formal grammar, which can easily become complex, hard to read, and especially hard to write, and the implementation of support tools can also demand a significant effort. Moreover, unanticipated constructions cannot be handled or have to be handled in unexpected and cumbersome ways. In this article, we present REX, a CNL with a simple grammar that is, thus, easy to understand and easy to support, but still general purpose.

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Seri Malini, Ni Nyoman, Luh Putu Laksminy, and Ni Ketut Ngurah Sulibra. "The System of Balinese Language Inheritance at International Tourism Destinations in Bali." Udayana Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (UJoSSH) 1, no. 1 (2017): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ujossh.2017.v01.i01.p10.

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    This study aims at finding out and analyzing the Balinese language preservation model by Balinese people, especially the young generation in tourism destinations, namely Sanur, Kuta, Ubud, Tanah Lot and Lovina. The research focuses on the following: 1) the patterns of usage of the language, 2) attitude of the younger generation towards Balinese language and 3) system of inheritance of mother tongue on those study sites. Data was obtained through observation and distribution of questionnaires, along with interview and note-taking techniques. Research samples are chil

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Tahir, Rameen, and Fiza Hassan. "Impact of Netspeak on the Writing Skills of Generation X and Generation Y." Journal of Communication and Cultural Trends 3, no. 1 (2021): 31–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/jcct.31.03.

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This research focuses on the impact of netspeak on the formal writing skills of the users. It is labelled as the hub of slang and informal language content by many experts. The current analysis accounts for five objectives including the identification of the prime causative factors responsible for deviation in the use of the standard variety, the appliance of the impact of Netspeak on formal writing, the nature of its impact (positive or negative), the assessment of its impact with reference to age and on the basis of the kind of response netspeak receives from the living generations, determin

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Strljic, Daniella, Annika Kienzlen, and Oliver Riedel. "Formale Sprachen für Fabriksimulation/Comparative Analysis of Description Models and Languages for Factory Simulation – Formal Languages for Factory Simulation." wt Werkstattstechnik online 112, no. 04 (2022): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2022-04-21.

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Während des Fabriklebenszyklus werden viele verschiedene Simulationsmodelle eingesetzt. Diese benötigen spezialisierte Simulationsmethoden und -werkzeuge, die je ein neues Simulationsmodell erfordern, das manuell in einer spezifischen Modellierungssprache erstellt wird. Der Beitrag zeigt eine Analyse von Ansätzen für die Fabriksimulationsbeschreibung mit dem Ziel einer durchgängigen Fabriksimulation. Diese erlauben einen Datenaustausch, aber keine dynamische Kopplung oder Generierung, darum wird ein Fabrikmodell umrissen. &nbsp; A wide variety of simulation models are used during the facto

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Haviland, John B. "The emerging grammar of nouns in a first generation sign language." Where do nouns come from? 13, no. 3 (2013): 309–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/gest.13.3.04hav.

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A first generation family homesign system, dubbed “Z”, from the Tzotzil-speaking township of Zinacantán, in Chiapas, Mexico, provides insight into how a new sign language can begin to distinguish formally different “part-of-speech” categories. After describing the small signing community, consisting of 3 deaf sibling and their intermediate hearing sister, plus a younger cousin — the entire set of fluent adult signers — plus the hearing child of the oldest deaf signer, and setting out some of the theoretical issues surrounding the nature of “part-of-speech” in sign languages, the paper consider

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Palagin, O. V., M. G. Petrenko, A. A. Litvin, and M. O. Boyko. "About one approach to automatic creation of formal queries to ontological knowledge bases." PROBLEMS IN PROGRAMMING, no. 2-3 (September 2024): 326–33. https://doi.org/10.15407/pp2024.02-03.326.

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The article develops an approach that includes the analysis of short natural language messages in Ukrainian and the automatic generation of queries in SPARQL and Cypher based on them. The Apache Jena Fuseki server is used as a SPARQL query processing tool, and the Neo4J graph database is used as a data warehouse or ontological knowledge base. The latter is the most common open source database, highperformance and well-scalable, i.e., capable of working with large amounts of data. In addition, approaches to building formal queries based on natural language queries for Cypher are little known an

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Kuvač Kraljević, Jelena. "Croatian Corpus of Non‐Professional Written Language – Typical speakers and speakers with language disorders." Govor/Speech 37, no. 2 (2021): 125–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22210/govor.2020.37.07.

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Corpora, as annotated archives of human communication, are objective, reliable resources for language analysis. Here we present the corpus of non-professional written Croatian, based on 1-year sampling of writings by typical speakers and speakers with language disorders. This corpus provides a unique resource because it samples language used by non-professionals, in contrast to corpora based on texts by professional writers (such as journalists, scholars or novelists) sampled over more than a century. In addition, our corpus contains written language from typical and impaired speakers sampled

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Metlitskaya, N. A. "LINGUISTIC DATABASE FOR AUTOMATIC GENERATION SYSTEM OF ENGLISH ADVERTISING TEXTS." «System analysis and applied information science», no. 2 (August 7, 2017): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2309-4923-2017-2-62-67.

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The article deals with the linguistic database for the system of automatic generation of English advertising texts on cosmetics and perfumery. The database for such a system includes two main blocks: automatic dictionary (that contains semantic and morphological information for each word), and semantic-syntactical formulas of the texts in a special formal language SEMSINT. The database is built on the result of the analysis of 30 English advertising texts on cosmetics and perfumery. First, each word was given a unique code. For example, N stands for nouns, A – for adjectives, V – for verbs, et

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Durve, Rutvik Rajiv. "Automated Generation of Summary in Six Different Ways from Any Paragraph and Automated Generation of Fill in the Blanks from Any Paragraph." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 9 (2022): 1809–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46925.

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Abstract: Many students finds difficult to read the entire contents during the examination and hence fail to write in the exams too. However, it is required to build the system that can overcome their problems. This paper talks about how to do summary of text based on the Text Summarization algorithm and various different models. For example, the alphabet is the simplest structure, in that it is a collection of letters that can form strings called words. A formal language is one that has regular, context-free, and formal grammar. In addition to the development of computer sciences as a whole,

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Kelly, Jack, Alex Calderwood, Noah Wardrip-Fruin, and Michael Mateas. "There and Back Again: Extracting Formal Domains for Controllable Neurosymbolic Story Authoring." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment 19, no. 1 (2023): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aiide.v19i1.27502.

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Story generators using language models offer the automatic production of highly fluent narrative content, but they are hard to control and understand, seizing creative tasks that many authors wish to perform themselves. On the other hand, planning-based story generators are highly controllable and easily understood but require story domains that must be laboriously crafted; further, they lack the capacity for fluent language generation. In this paper, we explore hybrid approaches that aim to bridge the gap between language models and narrative planners. First, we demonstrate that language mode

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Villapol, María E., and Jonathan Billington. "9.1.6 Generation of a Service Language for the Resource Reservation Protocol Using Formal Methods." INCOSE International Symposium 11, no. 1 (2001): 1239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2334-5837.2001.tb02433.x.

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Long, Daniel. "Evidence of an English Contact Language in the 19th Century Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands." English World-Wide 20, no. 2 (1999): 251–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.20.2.04lon.

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This paper contends that an English-based contact language developed on the Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands in the 19th century and was used as the language of communication among the settlers there. The factors discussed in support of this contention are: (1) the diversity in the languages of the first-generation settlers, (2) the abundance of mixed-language households, (3) the absence of formal education or literacy, (4) the nature of words reported by Japanese seamen shipwrecked on the island, (5) reports of communication in English between islanders and visitors, (6) the off-island experiences o

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Wilson, Marilyn. "MAKING SENSE OF A NEW WORLD: LEARNING TO READ IN A SECOND LANGUAGE.Eve Gregory. London: Chapman, 1996. Pp. 197. $25.95 paper." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 20, no. 3 (1998): 427–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263198243063.

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Eve Gregory's book fills a void in literacy education for bilingual students. This text provides solid theory, useful resources, and practical teaching suggestions for literacy development in a second language for young children. Describing the multilingual, multicultural complexity of early schooling in Great Britain, Gregory provides a strong rationale for her views of early literacy training, both formal and informal, for “emergent bilinguals”—children who are “the first generation in their family to receive formal schooling in the new country, who do not speak the language of the host coun

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Penco, Roberto, Damir Pintar, Mihaela Vranić, and Marko Šoštarić. "Large Language Model-Driven Framework for Automated Constraint Model Generation in Configuration Problems." Applied Sciences 15, no. 12 (2025): 6518. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15126518.

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Constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) are widely used in domains such as product configuration, scheduling, and resource allocation. However, formulating constraint models remains a significant challenge that often requires specialized expertise in constraint programming (CP). This study introduces the Automatic Constraint Model Generator (ACMG), a novel framework that leverages fine-tuned large language models (LLMs) to automate the translation of natural language problem descriptions into formal CSP models. The ACMG employs a multi-step process involving semantic entity extraction, constra

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Sirait, Resdilla. "DIGLOSSIA IN MANDAILINGESE WEDDING CEREMONIES (THE MARKHOBAR BORU MOMENT IN SOUTH PANYABUNGAN)." Journal of English Education and Linguistics 4, no. 2 (2023): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.56874/jeel.v4i2.1591.

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This study aims to find out whether diglossia is found in the Mandailing language, especially in markhobar weddings, marriage is a physical and spiritual bond between a man and a woman as a man and a woman, the goal of which is to form a happy and healthy family (family). Eternal life based on faith in God Almighty. In the context of Mandailing culture, Markhobar can be interpreted as a formal utterance delivered in a traditional Mandailing ceremony; and in siriaon (partying in a happy mood) and in silulutun (partying in a sad mood). Standards passed down from generation to generation, markhob

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PREVOO, MARIËLLE J. L., MAIKE MALDA, JUDI MESMAN, et al. "Predicting ethnic minority children's vocabulary from socioeconomic status, maternal language and home reading input: different pathways for host and ethnic language." Journal of Child Language 41, no. 5 (2013): 963–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000913000299.

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ABSTRACTWhen bilingual children enter formal reading education, host language proficiency becomes increasingly important. This study investigated the relation between socioeconomic status (SES), maternal language use, reading input, and vocabulary in a sample of 111 six-year-old children of first- and second-generation Turkish immigrant parents in the Netherlands. Mothers reported on their language use with the child, frequency of reading by both parents, and availability of children's books in the ethnic and the host language. Children's Dutch and Turkish vocabulary were tested during a home

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Zhou, Zhonghao. "Second Language Learning in the Technology-mediated Environments." Asian Education Studies 3, no. 1 (2018): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20849/aes.v3i1.307.

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Digital technologies are transforming formal educational practices that extend across space and time, blurring the traditional boundaries of learning in school and out of school. Multimedia software as well as most online materials delivered via combination of different media caters to learners with different cognitive styles. Technology-enhanced learning promotes active and ubiquitous learning, location-based learning, and the generation of learning communities. L2 learners with mobile devices have the advantage of interacting with peers anytime and anywhere.

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