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Egan-Wyer, Carys Jane, Steve Burt, Jens Hultman, Ulf Johansson, Alice Beckman, and Clara Michélsen. "Ease or excitement? Exploring how concept stores contribute to a retail portfolio." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 49, no. 7 (May 31, 2021): 1025–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-10-2020-0407.
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PurposeThe study aims to explore how concept stores (theoretically) differ from other experience-based retail formats, and hence, how they (practically) contribute to a diversified retail store portfolio.Design/methodology/approachCase study based on semi-structured, qualitative interviews with seven IKEA retail managers, three industry experts and 26 customers of IKEA concept stores in London and Stockholm.FindingsThe concept store represents a conceptual departure from other experiential store formats. It is neither fully experiential in the sense that it is not only about marketing communications nor is it sales or profit-focused. Its aim is to be an accessible touchpoint that reduces friction on a diversified customer journey with its value to the retail portfolio being that it attracts new and latent customers, mitigates existing inhibiting factors and drives them to other touchpoints.Research limitations/implicationsIdeas about the different characteristics of new store formats and their potential to shape the customer experience are extended. New formats reflect innovation in retailing and are part of a retail portfolio which generates different customer expectations and determinants from traditional store formats which provide the customers' existing reference point.Practical implicationsThe contributions of new formats should be evaluated in light of other existing formats in the portfolio and not isolated. This is particularly true when considering format cannibalisation and the potentially extended customer journey that arises when customers use traditional format stores and new concept format stores simultaneously.Originality/valuePrevious research, using sales metrics and market-based results as performance determinants, suggests negative outcomes for format diversification. Our study suggests that the contributions of the concept store format should be viewed from an overall customer journey perspective and the “performance” of different format based touchpoints are not best captured through traditional sales evaluation methods.
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Rudawska, Edyta Dorota, and Katarzyna Bilinska-Reformat. "The development of food retail formats – evidence from Poland." British Food Journal 120, no. 2 (February 5, 2018): 309–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-02-2017-0064.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: to identify and assess the direction of development of food retail formats in Poland under the influence of a changing business environment; and to identify the key challenges that food retail companies in Poland face nowadays. Design/methodology/approach The approach in this paper is a systematic literature review of publications in the Web of Science, Ebsco and Pro-Quest electronic databases from 1990 (from the emergence of large-scale foreign chains in the Polish market) to 2016, as well as the results of research carried out by Polish and international research centers, food retailer groups and institutes. The paper is based on the analysis of secondary data that present the results of research carried out on the Polish food retailing market. These analyses included the development of food retailing formats operating in Poland. Findings According to the research results analyzed, the evolution of retail formats is an embodiment of innovations introduced by retail companies and is based on the mutual permeation of elements previously associated with a specific retail format. Currently, the blurring of differences between individual retail formats can be observed in respect of two formats in particular, i.e. discount and delicatessen. The discount format occupies a special position on the Polish market, though it differs significantly from a “classical” discount. In discount stores so-called premium group products can be purchased, with stores more and more frequently being located in expensive places, e.g. in shopping centers or in their vicinity. At the same time, the popularity of convenience stores is increasing with a simultaneous decrease in the significance of large-format stores. Originality/value This paper provides interesting insights into the development of food retailing formats in Poland and the influence of changes in the business environment in that process. In addition, the paper describes the specifics of the Polish market, detailing literature-based theories pertaining to the development of retailing forms. It also focuses on the perspectives and directions in the future development of retail formats.
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L. Hess Jr, Ronald, and Lawrence Ring. "Off-price versus price-off." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 42, no. 10 (October 7, 2014): 902–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-02-2013-0038.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to better understand the unique competitive positioning characteristics of off-price retailers and how they compare to other types of retailers. The authors compare off-price and upscale off-price retailers with four major formats of retailers: first, discount department store/warehouse club retailers; second, moderate department store retailers; third, department store retailers; and finally, specialty department store retailers. Design/methodology/approach – The paper employs a representative sample that was randomly drawn from four primary metropolitan cities in the USA. The data were collected using telephone interviews by a prominent, marketing research firm. A series of discriminant analyses were conducted to examine the data. Findings – The findings of the paper indicate that the off-price formats were consistently positioned at extreme points along the price/value continuum, signifying the strongest value-orientation among the other retail formats. The authors also found that while the upscale off-price format followed the specialty department stores in terms of fashion. The results point to an important disadvantage of the off-price format – although strong on price/value, they often fall short on fashion and many other store attributes that may be important to luxury-oriented customers. Research limitations/implications – The paper employed a sample from several cities collected using a telephone interview methodology within the US. Due to these limitations, the findings of this paper may be hampered by this methodology and not generalize to regions outside of the US. Future research should examine how the demise of most of the upscale off-price retailers and growth of flash web sites have changed the competitive structure of retailing. Practical implications – The results demonstrate that the positioning of the off-price retail format is unique from other formats. The retail formats occupy distinct positions. The off-price retail format is strongly associated with the price/value position but only moderately fashionable to customers, especially when compared with the department and specialty department store formats. In contrast, the upscale off-price format, while also strongly positioned along the price/value continuum, is considered much more fashionable than the off-price retail format. In fact, the upscale off-price retail format only trails the specialty department store format in terms of fashion. Originality/value – The unique characteristics of the off-price retail format and growing interest from upscale department stores underscores the need for a comprehensive understanding of the motives of the off-price shopper. This paper provides retailers with a more complete understanding of the store attributes that differentiate the off-price retail format from other major retail store formats. The overall objective of this study is to offer a comprehensive view of the positioning of off-price retailers compared with many alternative retail formats.
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Amorim, Marlene, and Fatemeh Bashashi Saghezchi. "An investigation of service quality assessments across retail formats." International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences 6, no. 2/3 (June 10, 2014): 221–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqss-02-2014-0015.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the existence of differences in service quality assessments across distinct retail store formats. We address customers’ quality assessments for physical aspects, personal interactions, reliability and policies dimensions in hypermarkets and supermarkets to analyse the impacts for satisfaction and loyalty. Design/methodology/approach – The study builds on previous scales for service retail quality to develop a survey addressing customers of hypermarkets and supermarkets in Portugal. Data analysis addressed 248 complete questionnaires and involved statistical testing to explore differences in service quality expectations across retail store formats. The regression analysis was used to estimate impacts of each service quality dimension for customer satisfaction and loyalty intentions. Findings – The results support the existence of differences in customers’ service quality assessments across retail store formats, notably for the expectations about different quality dimensions. Differences were also observed on the impacts for customer satisfaction and loyalty, in particular for the dimensions of reliability and personal interaction. Research limitations/implications – The results suggest that managerial decisions regarding service in stores should be adjusted to the characteristics of each retail format. The generalizability of the results should be assessed by means of further investigation in other retail contexts. Originality/value – Retail customers patronize multiple types of retail stores that compete on diverse service attributes. Building on existing service measurement scales, this paper provides a contribution to understand customer’s quality assessments across distinct store types to inform retail quality and service differentiation strategies.
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Basu, Rituparna, Kalyan K. Guin, and Kalyan Sengupta. "Do apparel store formats matter to Indian shoppers?" International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 42, no. 8 (August 5, 2014): 698–716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-03-2013-0065.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore store choice behaviour of Indian apparel shoppers and analyses the factors influencing their choice of retail formats from an emerging market perspective. Design/methodology/approach – The research draws on a data set of 336 structured questionnaires with adult urban Indian respondents to understand their perceptions about organised and unorganised apparel store formats. The exploratory study uses a comprehensive list of demographics, shopping situations and format stimuli parameters along with two established psychographic scales to assess the extent of their effect on the store choice of apparel shoppers. Findings – Factor analysis revealed five well defined store attributes influencing the apparel shoppers’ decision. The growing market for organised retail with a preference for multi brand stores is highlighted. The study establishes that the shoppers’ perception of single-brand stores is still going through a formative phase. Further at the micro level of the decision process, significant differences are established by a number of variables. Research limitations/implications – The paper explores the store choice behaviour from a wider perspective that may be useful for future research on developing integrated store format choice models. However, the data used herein relates to a cross-section of shoppers in urban India due to the feasibility and convenience of studying relatively organised retail forms and structure of retail in an emerging market environment. Originality/value – The paper attempts to enumerate befitting analyses of factors that influence the store choice behaviour of apparel shoppers by using apt format classifications that are specific to the emerging retail market scenario in India.
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Kumar, Pankaj. "EFFECT OF CUSTOMERS’ DEMOGRAPHICS ON RETAIL FORMAT CHOICE AND INTERACTION: A STUDY ON RETAIL SECTOR IN INDIA." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 1 (January 31, 2017): 316–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i1.2017.1906.
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The purpose of the study is to examine how often customers interact with different types of retail formats. A structured questionnaire was successfully distributed to 600 respondents, who had made purchases from sixty retail formats operated in Delhi and Gurugram belonging to the domain of Shopping Malls, Hypermarket, Supermarket, Department Stores, Discount stores and Category Killers through systematic stratified sampling for the collection of data. To segment the customer groups for each of the four retail formats (shopping mall, supermarket, department store, and category killer) based on demographic variables (gender, age, marital status, occupation, and income), a two-way ANOVA was used on the shopping frequency of the respondents. The Chi-square (χ2) test was also used to test the significant differences in shopping motives, companion during their visit, whether a planned or unplanned shopping trip, the staying time in a retail format of the respondents based on their gender and age. The study found that gender and age, gender and occupation, and gender and education are more or less equally important factors, whereas gender and marital status, and gender and income were not found important factors in affecting store visits. The study also found the behavioral aspect of retail customers in many ways. First, their visits to the stores were primarily driven by purchase needs, either window shopping or making actual purchases followed by eating. Second, more people prefer to visit these stores along with their friends or family; this result contributes to that being accompanied by others (Companion), shoppers more likely to buy food and less likely to buy non-food products.
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Marques, Susana Henriques, and Maria Santos. "Store Format Influence on Customer Perception of the Store Environment." International Journal of Applied Behavioral Economics 1, no. 4 (October 2012): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijabe.2012100102.
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This study compares client perceptions of the global in-store environment applied to different retail store formats. Literature has shown that certain store attributes are important strategic differentiation tools for grocery retailers. A retail atmosphere can lead to success or failure of a business. Previous studies have neglected the current trend to the coexistence of different retail formats, under different brands but within the same organization. In these cases, a multi-banner company needs to customize the atmosphere to its customers in order to gain attention. This research is about the influence of the store format on the servicescape of the grocery retail stores. A survey was conducted of 302 hyper and supermarket customers. A range of atmospherics variables were considered, including some less studied, such as temperature and cleanliness. The results show that all the dependent variables are sensitive to store format, except cleanliness.
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Gupta, S. L. "An Empirical Study on Retailing Industry in India: A Case Study on Apparel Market." Paradigm 11, no. 2 (July 2007): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971890720070202.
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The study puts focus on how retailers are designing organized retail formats to keep pace with the changing moods of the shoppers. This will help them out in reaching a huge market comprising middle segment in order to enhance their clientele. These organized retail formats are at a paradigm shift in India and the need of the hour is a place where the consumers are seeking the convenience of one-stop shopping which can be catered by none other than malls. In the past few years there has been a shift in India from individual retail outlets owned separately and managed distinctively and professionally for retailing. Things changed primarily because of rising expectations of Indian consumers Corporate houses in turn responded quickly to the needs of the consumers. The study addresses how factors within and outside the stores affect store-level shopping decision. Preference for certain retailer attributes differs by shopper and these preferences are reflected in store choice. Therefore, several retailer attribute act as reasons for store patronage. A questionnaire was designed to investigate store patronage relative to the importance and perception of selected attributes of the stores. The data were collected from retailers. Respondents were asked to describe their perception of store on the basis of various attributes. These attributes were then treated as variables/indicators in the study. The six main indicators on the basis of which retailers decide to go for specific type of retail format consisted of price, sales personnel, quality of merchandise, assortment of merchandise, advertising, services, and other convenience services. The data collected from 100 retailers.
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Hao, Feilong, Yuxin Yang, and Shijun Wang. "Patterns of Location and Other Determinants of Retail Stores in Urban Commercial Districts in Changchun, China." Complexity 2021 (January 8, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8873374.
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Knowledge of the patterns of location of retail stores in urban areas supports the development of effective urban planning and the reasonable allocation of commercial facilities. Using point of interest data and consumer survey data in three main commercial districts in Changchun, China, this study investigates the spatial structures of commercial districts and the patterns of distribution of retail stores to assess the determinants of the development of retail stores in commercial districts. Kernel density estimation, nearest neighbor index, and Pearson’s correlation analysis were used for this study. The following conclusions are drawn. (1) The spatial distribution of retail stores in Changchun commercial districts generates the coexistence of a concentration in the core area and diffusion in the peripheral area. The emergence of shopping malls has challenged the traditional single-center structure, resulting in the transformation of commercial districts from single-center to multicenter layouts, while also producing a hierarchical trend in development. (2) The Chongqing Road and Hongqi Street commercial districts have a relatively high spatial concentration of retail stores. Retail stores in Guilin Road exhibit distinct characteristics, namely, stores selling textiles, clothing, and daily necessities show the highest concentration, and food, beverage, and tobacco outlets as well as integrated stores show the lowest concentration. (3) The selected locations of the differing categories of stores on Chongqing Road strongly correlate, and textile, clothing, and daily necessity stores show a high correlation with other retail categories. (4) Four main factors affect the development and spatial layout of retail in the commercial districts. First, the interaction between consumer behavior and location choice in retail stores promotes the evolution of retail formats and trends in the development of comprehensive, specialized, and hierarchical retail commercial spaces. Second, the retail format determines the spatial layouts and the historical inheritance of the format. Third, governmental planning and policies lead to the agglomeration and diffusion of commercial activities in different areas. Fourth, such spatial clustering effects are an external driving factor for integration and aggregation among retail formats.
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Hao, Feilong, Yuxin Yang, and Shijun Wang. "Patterns of Location and Other Determinants of Retail Stores in Urban Commercial Districts in Changchun, China." Complexity 2021 (January 8, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8873374.
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Knowledge of the patterns of location of retail stores in urban areas supports the development of effective urban planning and the reasonable allocation of commercial facilities. Using point of interest data and consumer survey data in three main commercial districts in Changchun, China, this study investigates the spatial structures of commercial districts and the patterns of distribution of retail stores to assess the determinants of the development of retail stores in commercial districts. Kernel density estimation, nearest neighbor index, and Pearson’s correlation analysis were used for this study. The following conclusions are drawn. (1) The spatial distribution of retail stores in Changchun commercial districts generates the coexistence of a concentration in the core area and diffusion in the peripheral area. The emergence of shopping malls has challenged the traditional single-center structure, resulting in the transformation of commercial districts from single-center to multicenter layouts, while also producing a hierarchical trend in development. (2) The Chongqing Road and Hongqi Street commercial districts have a relatively high spatial concentration of retail stores. Retail stores in Guilin Road exhibit distinct characteristics, namely, stores selling textiles, clothing, and daily necessities show the highest concentration, and food, beverage, and tobacco outlets as well as integrated stores show the lowest concentration. (3) The selected locations of the differing categories of stores on Chongqing Road strongly correlate, and textile, clothing, and daily necessity stores show a high correlation with other retail categories. (4) Four main factors affect the development and spatial layout of retail in the commercial districts. First, the interaction between consumer behavior and location choice in retail stores promotes the evolution of retail formats and trends in the development of comprehensive, specialized, and hierarchical retail commercial spaces. Second, the retail format determines the spatial layouts and the historical inheritance of the format. Third, governmental planning and policies lead to the agglomeration and diffusion of commercial activities in different areas. Fourth, such spatial clustering effects are an external driving factor for integration and aggregation among retail formats.
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Miotto, Ana Paula, and Juracy Gomes Parente. "Retail evolution model in emerging markets: apparel store formats in Brazil." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 43, no. 3 (March 9, 2015): 242–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-03-2012-0025.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a taxonomy to describe and synthesize the retail strategies and store formats in the fast-changing modernization context of emerging markets. It identifies how these different formats are related to the existing literature about retail evolution. The paper proposes analogies between the empirical findings and the Big Middle Theory model developed by Levy et al. (2005). Design/methodology/approach – Structured observations and personal interviews were conducted with managers/owners of 108 apparel stores located in three unplanned shopping districts in São Paulo, Brazil. Cluster analysis was used to derive the store formats. Findings – The results identify four store formats – old fashioned, price focused, specialized, and consolidated – reflecting diverse marketing strategies and different stages in the retailing modernization cycle. There is a striking resemblance between these empirically derived formats and the four types of retail segments (Big Middle, Low price, Innovative, and in Trouble) proposed by the Big Middle model. Research limitations/implications – There are limitations due to the exploratory nature of the research: the specific context (São Paulo, apparel retail sector) where the empirical data was collected restricts the generalization of the results to other situations; lack of precision in the appraisal of the variables might limit the research replicability. Nevertheless, this research contributes to expanding the scarce knowledge about the retailing phenomenon in emerging markets. An extension of the Big Middle model is suggested to depict the existing retail formats in emerging markets, offering therefore a theoretical contribution to the retail literature. Practical implications – The study provides retailers with a framework against which to map their format, competitive strategy, and stages of the modernization cycle, enabling them to better adjust the configuration of their marketing mix variables. It also offers a classification scheme of stores formats which will help to describe the apparel retailing industry in emerging markets. Social implications – Public policies are suggested to technically assist the modernization process and survival of more vulnerable retail formats. Originality/value – Considering the fast-growing economic importance of the new “low-middle class” of emerging markets, and also the relevance of apparel retailing, this research is relevant and unique because it helps to bridge a gap in the limited literature and knowledge in this area.
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Kumar, Pankaj. "IMPACT OF CUSTOMER COMPLAINING BEHAVIOUR ON DEFECTION BEHAVIOUR: AN INVESTIGATION ON RETAIL FORMATS IN INDIA." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 4, no. 12 (December 31, 2016): 214–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v4.i12.2016.2411.
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The purpose of the study is to examine the effect of complaining behaviour on defection behaviour based on demographics (gender, age, marital status, education and, income level) of the dissatisfied customers of retail stores. A structured questionnaire was successfully distributed to 600 respondents, who had made purchases from sixty retail formats operated in Delhi and Gurugram belonging to the domain of Shopping Malls, Hypermarket, Supermarket, Department Stores, Discount stores and Category Killers through systematic stratified sampling for the collection of data. Out of 377 valid ones questionnaires for analysis, a set of 89 responsents have shown dissatisfaction about the retail store products and services and have taken in this study (N=89). Multiple regression analysis with forward selection was employed to predict the effect of complaining actions on defection behaviour based on demographics (gender, age, marital status, education and, income level) of the dissatisfied customers of retail stores. The study has found a significant effect of complaining actions on defection behaviour of dissatisfied customers of retail stores based on their education qualification and income level. However, gender, age and maritial status of dissatisfied customers did not moderate the the relationship between complaining actions and switching behaviour. The recommendations for managers are also discussed.
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Connor, John M. "Evolving Research on Price Competition in the Grocery Retailing Industry: An Appraisal." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 28, no. 2 (October 1999): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s106828050000811x.
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With the end of the Supermarket Revolution in the 1970s, new forms of horizontal, vertical, and geographic competition have appeared to challenge the supremacy of the supermarket format. New retail formats like warehouse stores, supercenters, and fast-food outlets appear to affect local retail supermarket prices. Slotting allowances, coupons, and electronic data gathering have intensified retailer-manufacturer rivalry. Foreign direct investment offers the promise of new European-style management styles in U.S. grocery retailing.
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Prasad, Ch J. S., and D. Raghunatha Reddy. "A Study on the Role of Demographic and Psychographic Dynamics in Food and Grocery Retailing." Vision: The Journal of Business Perspective 11, no. 4 (October 2007): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097226290701100403.
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The Indian food and grocery retail sector is in the transformation mode for various reasons like strong macro-economic fundamentals and the changing socio-economic scene are driving what were once traditional and small scale retail outlets into organised retail formats aimed at catering to the evolving tastes and needs of the discerning consumers. But the very fast changing trends in food and eating habits of consumers have contributed immensely to the growth of ‘Western’ format typologies such as convenience stores, departmental stores, supermarkets, specialty stores and hypermarkets. This has happened for various conspicuous reasons namely demand and supply, socio-cultural, demographic, psychographic, economic and technology advancements like a large segment of young population, a rapidly expanding middle class, rising income levels, growing literacy, increasing number of working women and nuclear family structures which in turn have created an enormous demand for consumer goods and paved way for modern retail formats. The ever changing consumer's psychographic variables like activities, interests, opinions, values and lifestyles have also completely changed the formats namely convenience stores, supermarkets and hypermarkets etc. are the crystal clear reflections of tectonic shifts in demographic and psychographic changes of consumers. However, little is known about its actual influence and contribution to the organised retailing in food and grocery sector from an empirical analysis. Thus, understanding of demo-psychographic dynamics has become an imperative in designing modern food and grocery retail formats based on the purchase patterns. The study is purely based on primary data and necessary secondary data to reinforce the model. A total of 200 retail customers in Hyderabad actively participated in the survey. Findings, various managerial and marketing implications are extensively discussed.
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Kryveshko, O. V., and G. S. Kunditskaja. "Problems of Competitiveness of Small Forms of Food Retail in Lviv." Business Inform 2, no. 517 (2021): 315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-2-315-322.
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The article discusses the defining competitive advantages of food retail stores. It is defined that the competitive advantages that determine the level of competitiveness of production and trade enterprises do differ. The main competitive advantages of trading enterprises are their location, product range, pricing policy and quality of service. As a result of the analysis of the trade infrastructure of the city of Lviv, it was concluded that there were problems in shaping the competitiveness of small forms of retail trade in food products, which are associated with the active development of national retail chains and the emergence of international trade operators in the market. The classification of stores by the signs of the size and territory of the girth was carried out. The peculiarities of their competitive advantages are determined. It is identified that the emergence of networks of the latest large formats of stores with the possibility of purchasing goods at lower prices was a threat to the functioning of traditional stores «close to home» and the reason for the decrease in their number. A comparative analysis of advantages and disadvantages of small forms of retail and large retail is carried out. The main competitive advantages of small retail stores are the proximity of the location to the buyer and trusting relationships with regular customers. The price, product range and possibilities of implementing loyalty programs are identified as the main strategic competitive advantages of large store formats. The emphasis on these advantages makes it possible to effectively manage the competitiveness of retail.
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Jindal, Pranav, Ting Zhu, Pradeep Chintagunta, and Sanjay Dhar. "Marketing-Mix Response Across Retail Formats: The Role of Shopping Trip Types." Journal of Marketing 84, no. 2 (January 24, 2020): 114–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022242919896337.
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The authors study differences in the effects of prices, nonprice promotions, and brand line length on brand shares at different retail formats. Their conceptual framework rests on the presence of trip-level fixed and category-level variable utility components and shows how the trade-off between these components results in (1) different formats visited on different types of shopping trips and (2) differential marginal sensitivities of brand shares to changes in marketing-mix variables across trip types. Together, these provide predictions on how marketing-mix variables differentially affect brand shares at various retail formats. The authors use Nielsen Homescan and store-level data from 2011–2014 and analyze the top ten spending product categories across four retail formats—convenience stores, drugstores, supermarkets, and mass merchandisers—in over 200 Nielsen markets. Implications for brand manufacturers managing the marketing mix across different formats are offered. JEL codes: M310, L11, D4
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Kumar, Pankaj. "AN EXAMINATION OF THE ANTECEDENTS OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION, BEHAVIORAL RESPONSE AND INTENTIONS AMONG RETAIL STORE FORMATS." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 1 (January 31, 2017): 239–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i1.2017.1887.
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The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of store image attributes, customer attitude and perceived value on consumers’ satisfaction, behavioral response and intentions and also, the effect of customer satisfaction on behavioral response and loyalty intentions. A structured questionnaire was successfully distributed to 600 respondents, who had made purchases from sixty retail formats operated in Delhi and Gurugram belonging to the domain of Shopping Malls, Hypermarket, Supermarket, Department Stores, Discount stores and Category Killers through systematic stratified sampling for the collection of data. Factor analysis was employed to identify the store image attributes as perceived by retail customers. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to predict customers' satisfaction, behavioral response (word of mouth communication), intention to switch, and customers’ loyalty intention from retail store image attributes, customers’ overall store attitude and perceived customer value, and to predict behavioral response and intentions from customers’ satisfaction. The results of the study showed that customers’ overall store attitude and perceived customer value are significant for all the dependent variables (customers' satisfaction, behavioral response (word of mouth communication), intention to switch, and customers’ loyalty intention), while store image is partially influencing customers’ satisfaction, behavioral response and intentions, furthermore customer satisfaction is significant predictors of customers’ behavioral response and intentions. The implications for marketers and managers have also discussed.
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Twardzik, Małgorzata, and Krystian Heffner. "Small Towns and Rural Areas – as A Prospective Place of Modern Retail Trade Formats in Poland." European Countryside 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 74–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/euco-2019-0005.
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Abstract Retail trade and services are becoming the most dynamically developing sector of non-agricultural activity in Polish rural areas. State-owned and cooperative stores have been closed down and they were replaced mostly by private stores. There are more and more commercial outlets of various formats, including supermarket chains, discount stores and integrated chains. Despite growing number of modern retail trade formats, traditional small-format, often referred to as local market is also really important. New trading posts in small towns and rural areas are mainly located in the zones of influence of larger cities. They affect many changes of spatial, social and economic character. Small towns and rural areas surrounding them more and more frequently start to compete for further retail trade investments while noticing lots of benefits and costs of this process. The aim of the article is to show the scale of new retail investment in small towns and rural areas in Poland. Research devoted to this field is important from the point of view of choosing the location of new investments related to discount chains and of the strategy for the development of small towns and rural areas. Identification of consequences of the operation of discount chains in chosen rural areas and in small towns can impact the verification of the policy adopted by local authorities in relation to spatial planning and forming the functional structure.
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Bailey, Matthew. "Marketing to the Big Middle: establishing Australian discount department stores." Journal of Historical Research in Marketing 8, no. 3 (August 15, 2016): 416–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhrm-07-2015-0029.
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Purpose This study focuses on the marketing strategies of the two most successful discount department store chains in Australia between 1969 and the late 1980s when consumer acceptance of both brand and format were being determined. It examines how they approached marketing a new-format national retail chain to the Big Middle of the market and the ways in which brands were differentiated. Design/methodology/approach Archival sources and oral histories provide evidence about the marketing strategies of each firm. These are integrated with press coverage, advertising and promotional activity to analyze marketing programs. Consumer research from the time offers insights into the effectiveness of campaigns. Findings The Coles and Myer retailing firms pursued similar marketing strategies to encourage adoption of their Kmart and Target discount department store chains, educating consumers about the links between their operational efficiencies and lower prices. Both firms not only formulated national standardized marketing strategies but also differentiated their positioning to maximize their appeal to consumers. Originality/value This article expands understandings of the ways in which new national retail chains are developed and marketed. It explores the intersection between public relations material and media coverage and the ways in which existing brands can be leveraged to legitimize new formats and encourage adoption. More broadly, it contributes to a literature on the “Big Middle”, a space occupied by dominant, volume-oriented retailers. In doing so, it demonstrates that foreign adopters can draw on Big Middle retail formats to quickly gain access to large population segments in their home markets.
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Willans, John. "Department stores: An enduring retail format." Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal 1, no. 2 (January 1997): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb022495.
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Desai, Devang, and Milind Phadtare. "Attributes Influencing Retail Store Choice Decision of Shoppers: A Case of Pune City." Vision: The Journal of Business Perspective 21, no. 4 (November 1, 2017): 436–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972262917733194.
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The consumer markets in India are expected to reach about US$1.5 trillion from the existing US$750 billion by 2021. Emergence of new retail formats and entry of new players in every format is also likely to increase competition in Indian retail sector. It has, thus, become important for the retailers to know how shoppers choose a store from various options available to them. The article aims to achieve data reduction while identifying various store attributes that influence the choice of stores by shoppers while purchasing grocery items from supermarkets. We collected primary data from 300 shoppers using personally administered questionnaire in select supermarkets in Pune. We used exploratory factor analysis to identify the attributes and the factor structure. We then used confirmatory factor analysis to validate the same. Thus, we developed a scale consisting of nine store attributes converging under two factors to understand shoppers’ decision to choose a particular supermarket for their grocery purchases.
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A. Ingene, Charles. "Retail evolution." Journal of Historical Research in Marketing 6, no. 2 (May 13, 2014): 279–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhrm-12-2013-0067.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to enhance students’ ability to use theory to assess facts logically and creatively. To achieve this end, the author explicates the evolution of retailing from its pre-industrial genesis to its Internet descendants in a historically based retail strategy class that investigates the determinants of new retail formats (major retail innovations – MRIs) over a > 200 year span. MRIs entail a major reconfiguration of the retail mix (i.e. price, product, place, promotion and personnel) , take significant business from existing formats that sell the same goods, generate greater benefits to customers than do rival formats and are widely imitated. Design/methodology/approach – The author chronologically presents how the industrial revolution generated major environmental changes that facilitated a creative and highly effective re-organization of the retail mix. Findings – Changes in environmental factors (e.g. mass production, transportation, location of population and communication) made possible retail formats that could not have existed earlier. Research limitations/implications – The course is based on two theories that are linked by the retail mix; one theory relates to consumer store choice, while the other relates to the minimum market size required for a retail format to be viable. To illustrate, more personnel raises service, drawing customers from rivals while raising costs; higher costs raise the needed market size. Originality/value – All six MRIs are derived from the two aforementioned theories. Experience indicates these theories are valid for assessing retailing at all stages of economic development. The course is based on the authors own material.
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Sharma, Rajesh, and Abhinanda Gautam. "Redefining Retail Store Formats - A South African Study." Applied Finance and Accounting 3, no. 2 (June 28, 2017): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/afa.v3i2.2518.
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The global competitive retail space is challenging and the retailers are experimenting with different strategies to gain competitive advantage in the market. Retailers are developing and designing new and improved store formats to mirror the customers’ expectations by using distinctive benefits. Thus attracting and retaining customers by creating store brand loyalty is every retailer’s dream and they are spending a huge amount of time and money in developing these uniquely attractive retail store formats. However, limited academic research is available to help retailers understand the most profitable and popular retail store format in South Africa.This empirical research paper is an attempt to investigate the influence of the design, type and size of the retail store on the customer buying behaviour in the consumer durables market by examining a random sample of respondents from Gauteng, South Africa. The research findings, indicates that there is a varying degree of effect of retail store formats on the customer buying behaviour. Most of the variables have a positive correlation with other variables of customer behaviour. However in some cases, variables have significant inverse relationship with each other.
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Kumar Velayudhan, Sanal. "Outshopping in rural periodic markets: a retailing opportunity." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 42, no. 2 (March 4, 2014): 151–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-07-2013-0136.
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Purpose – The study seeks to understand the influences on the prevalence of rural retailing institution of periodic markets. It examines the influence of access to and population of the location on the performance of periodic markets and their effect on the competition between periodic markets and local rural retail stores. Design/methodology/approach – Simultaneous cross-sectional study on census data is used to understand changes in performance of periodic markets in the context of growth in retail stores. Findings – The superior performance of local retail shop compared to outshopping in periodic markets is contrary to observation in literature developed in the context of urban outshopping. Practical implications – Retail chains need to develop a separate program for location of outlets that serve rural areas as access influences retail performance. In rural areas marketers can use traditional periodic markets in addition to conventional retail store given the limited inter-format retail competition. Originality/value – This is one of the few studies to explicitly examine periodic markets as a retail format. Outshopping is studied in the context of growth in local retail stores unlike earlier studies in the urban context where the local stores exhibit reduced sales.
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Shtal, Tatyana, and Nadiia Proskurnina. "Trends of structural dynamic changes in retail trade." Economics of Development 17, no. 3 (December 6, 2018): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ed.17(3).2018.06.
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The article is devoted to the presentation of structural shifts, factors and trends of dynamic changes in retail trade, taking into account, above all, institutional changes. The main theories explaining changes in retail trade are analyzed. The shift in the balance of power in the distribution channels from the manufacturer to the retailer is shown, and the tendency of increasing the number of supermarkets and hypermarkets is presented. It was found that there is a gradual takeover by large retail chains of small retail operators and the growth of the role of supermarkets and hypermarkets, as evidenced by the increase in the trading floor area of the stores of the indicated trade formats. The main features of different types of stores are systematized and the advantages and disadvantages of strategies for the development of retail objects - small operators and large chain stores. It is established that small independent retail operators lose a significant market share. Constant consolidation of retail operators, as well as increased competition in retail markets, force retailers to look for new ways to grow their business. The positions of retail operators in the rating of the largest enterprises of Ukraine for 2016 are analyzed and it is established that among operators of retail trade the operators that sell food products are the most dynamically developing. Generalized tendencies of structural shifts in retail trade according to theories of institutional changes and certain stages on which the largest retail operators of Ukraine are located. It is determined that the market of goods and services becomes more consolidated and concentrated and requires the formation of an adequate dynamic organizational structure of management, transformation of marketing functions, adaptation to a complex modern environment.
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Chauhan, Rahul, and Hendra Martha Fauzy. "THE INFLUENCE OF BRAND TRUST IN MEDIATING CONSUMER ONLINE BEHAVIOR AGAINST BUYING INTEREST IN ONLINE STORES (CASE STUDY OF HYPERMART ONLINE SHOP IN INDONESIA)." Dinasti International Journal of Digital Business Management 1, no. 3 (May 14, 2020): 471–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31933/dijdbm.v1i3.294.
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The invasion of online stores in Indonesia is very massive, proven by various applications and online stores that are known to have operated and used services by the people in Indonesia. Changes in consumer shopping behavior from offline to online have become routine habits in daily behavior. This raises challenges for retail businesses in business continuity. To maintain business continuity, retail (offline store) must diversify by opening an online store. Having an online store or digital business format is expected to be able to maintain business continuity with the support of brand trust owned by offline stores.
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Guissoni, Leandro Angotti, Juan Machado Sanchez, and Jonny Mateus Rodrigues. "Price and in-store promotions in an emerging market." Marketing Intelligence & Planning 36, no. 4 (June 4, 2018): 498–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mip-08-2017-0154.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the influence of price and products on the promotion (through in-store temporary displays) on consumer sales in an emerging market context (i.e. Brazil) in different regions with contrasts in the market and store formats analyzed.Design/methodology/approachThe data originate from retail market audits conducted over three years and are broken down by a region and a channel for a product category that has experienced increased competition and growth and is highly distributed throughout the analyzed regions and channel formats (i.e. the ready-to-drink juice category). This study uses a panel vector autoregression framework and an impulse-response function to determine the effects on sales over time.FindingsThe results suggest that price sensitivity and the effects of promotions on sales vary with the type of store format rather than through structural differences between regions with lower vs higher levels of economic development in an emerging market.Practical implicationsManagers should consider differences in store format more than the heterogeneity among regions when making price and promotion decisions. Additionally, this paper highlights the importance of in-store product visibility through temporary displays of promoted products, especially in smaller stores in an emerging market.Originality/valueBy considering the challenges of managing a consumer brand for which market heterogeneity is key, this paper extends the current research by contrasting consumer price and in-store promotion decisions across two heterogeneous regions and store formats within an emerging market.
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Kollarova, Daniela. "Globalisation and its impact on the creation of sustainable points of purchase." SHS Web of Conferences 74 (2020): 04011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20207404011.
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In the second half of the 1990s, important global traders began to come to the Slovak market, changing the functional layout of the towns and cities by building large-scale stores, bringing new formats and forms of selling to retails, as well as thoughtful external and internal shop designs. More than twenty years have passed since then, however, internationalmarketers continue to shape the Slovak retail market, this time through a sustainable architecture of shops and logistics centres, responsible product assortments, reduced food waste, separating and reducing paper or plastic packaging and batteries, changing the employees´ clothing for garments from organic cottons, and so on. They have namely realized that the environment is more affected than protected as a result of globalization, and it is therefore necessary to take measures to protect the natural world with regard to permanently sustainable principles. The object of our research is the shopping setting in retail stores of selected worldwide retail chains operating in Slovakia, i.e. all elements of the retail shop and its operation (its design, layout, goods presentation, staff and customers), in the context of sustainability. We are looking for answers to the questions of which selected global retail chain stores working in Slovakia and by implementing of which specific measures they build sustainable points of sale. In the process of elaborating the paper we used as sources of information relevant publications, proceedings of scholarly papers, as well as studies available at the Internet sites of specialized journals. At elaborating the sources, we applied standard scientific methods: researching, description, analysis, and deduction.
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K. Saini, Gordhan, and Arvind Sahay. "Comparing retail formats in an emerging market." Journal of Indian Business Research 6, no. 1 (May 14, 2014): 48–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jibr-03-2013-0026.
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Purpose – This study aims to examine the importance of credit and low price guarantee (LPG) on consumer purchase intention across types of retail store formats in an emerging market context. Design/methodology/approach – A 2 (kirana/modern retail)×2 (high/low LPG)×2 (credit/no credit) experimental design was used for this study. A sample of 200 respondents was asked about their purchase intention for a newly introduced hypothetical toothpaste brand and six hypotheses were tested. Findings – Findings show that credit and level of LPG determine consumer's purchase intention across store formats. The presence of credit and high LPG increases the purchase intention; however, relatively importance of these two varies by type of store. The absence of credit at kirana store definitely reduces the buying intention, while same is not true for modern retail store, where level of LPG is more important than the credit. Interestingly, buyer is likely to discount high LPG for a month's credit offered by a kirana store. Practical implications – The study can help practitioners and scholars to understand consumer responses to credit and LPG in buying decisions, and subsequently in designing a better product offer at a particular store format in emerging markets. Originality/value – Important insights are provided about the consumer behavior resulting from the presence or absence of credit and high or low levels of LPG in an emerging market context. The study also has public policy implications in a country where FDI in retail is a hotly debated topic.
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Dabija, Dan-Cristian, Brînduşa Mariana Bejan, and David B. Grant. "The Impact of Consumer Green Behaviour on Green Loyalty Among Retail Formats: A Romanian Case Study." Moravian Geographical Reports 26, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 173–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mgr-2018-0014.
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Abstract Customer loyalty enables companies to outperform competitors and better satisfy customers’ needs and desires. People today are increasingly interested in buying green or sustainable products, pursuing responsible consumption, getting involved in environmental protection activities and preserving resources. These key elements of sustainability are crucial in retailer strategies for approaching customers, strategies encompassing both communication and well-structured offers of sustainable, green and environmentally friendly products to gain customers’ loyalty and assist them in adopting responsible (green) consumption behaviours. This may not be the case in all retail markets or sub-markets, however. This paper investigates these issues in the context of the emerging European economy of Romania, using a survey conducted in four major retail segments comprising more than 3,000 respondents. Using structural equation modelling the authors reveal that Romanian retailers are concerned with drawing customers and gaining their loyalty by adopting strategies based on the principles of sustainability. The results indicate that in this emerging market behavioural antecedents differ across the analysed retail formats in building green loyalty, which represents a challenge for retailers in their attempt to draw, satisfy and bind consumers to their retail formats and stores. At the same time, there is also a growing awareness of green aspects among Eastern Europeans, even if they have been challenged with sustainability issues and the need to adopt green behaviours more recently than their Western European counterparts.
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Kumar Shandilya, Abhinav, and Praveen Srivastava. "The Attitude of Consumers towards Organised Food Retailing: An Application of Attitude-towards-Object Model." Atna Journal of Tourism Studies 6, no. 1 (August 14, 2021): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12727/ajts.6.7.
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Organised retail sector is booming in metros, cities and now even in small towns; and organised food retailing is one of the fastest growing sector among them. The different types of food retail formats have its own characteristics, focus and target market. The customer or consumer has their own criteria to select a particular food retail format. The selection is based on the attitude of the customer or consumer towards the attribute of the retail format. There are many model to find the attitude of customer or consumer towards any product, service and brands. This study is an attempt to find out the customer's or consumer's attitude towards three major food retailing formats i.e Big Bazaar, a hypermarket; Reliance Fresh, a convenience store and Suvidha, a supermarket.
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Sundström, Malin, Christine Lundberg, and Vassilios Ziakas. "Episodic Retail Settings: A Sustainable and Adaptive Strategy for City Centre Stores." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (February 25, 2021): 2482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052482.
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The fact that an already damaged retail industry is being challenged by a pandemic makes the industry’s survival a matter of urban resilience. Sustainable and adaptive strategies are needed to reverse the negative development of the retail sector, and in this conceptual paper, a new perspective is suggested based on episodic retail settings. Such a perspective can increase a physical store’s attraction and may serve as a flexible operation strategy for urban retailers and give added value to urban consumers as they shape an ongoing dramatological discourse and facilitate social interaction in a way that traditional fixed-store formats are unable to compete with. By applying the scientific circle of enquiry (SCE), the authors develop an interdisciplinary perspective cutting across the sustainability, service science, and urban studies fields. On this ground, they present a set of conceptual premises and a tripartite conceptual framework delineating how to effectively design episodic retail settings that are adaptive and sustainable. The paper concludes with suggestions for research questions to further advance this field of study.
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Sobczyk, Genowefa, Yevhen Krykavskyy, and Nazar Hlynskyy. "Created customer value by different trade formats of fast-moving consumer goods in Poland and Ukraine." Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia 53, no. 2 (October 25, 2019): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/h.2019.53.2.79-88.
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<p><strong>Theoretical background</strong>: The main components of costumer value are the product, brand and image, personnel relationships and service activities, and offer availability. In retail, the important attributes of the products on sale are their range, price and terms of sale, relevant proximity and the benefit of obtaining, which includes spatial accessibility, emotional offer and time value. Modern trade solutions have created a wide range of opportunities for the client to facilitate access to the product offer through the introduction of various trading formats. The trade format should be understood as various concepts of retail outlet activity, which includes the formation of their infrastructure, immediate environment and the organisation of the sale of goods.</p><p><strong>Purpose of the article</strong>: The goal of the article is to classify the factors that create customer value using various formats of retail trade in consumer goods in the Ukrainian and Polish markets.</p><p><strong>Research methods</strong>: The following methods were used in this research: the abstract and logical method was used for generalising the theory and formulating conclusions; secondary research and survey were used for identifying the trends and patterns of efficiency in the studied factors; and the graphical method was used for visualising the results of the research.</p><p><strong>Main findings</strong>: In certain formats of sales points, the value for the customers is the breadth of the choice of goods and their quality, location and speed of purchase, the benefits arising from the level of prices and promotions, the service level and the general climate of the time offered by a store. The availability and possibility of goods choice has formed certain trends and customer habits among the buyers of consumer goods who are showing a preference for large purchases in hypermarkets and discount stores, supplementing purchases in specialised stores and only infrequently (in the Polish version) in markets/bazaars.</p>
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Kim, Youn-Kyung, Sejin Ha, and Soo-Hee Park. "Competitive analyses for men’s clothing retailers: segmentation and positioning." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 47, no. 12 (December 9, 2019): 1266–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-08-2018-0172.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify men’s clothing market segments based on store types and generational cohorts and the retail attributes. Design/methodology/approach A total of 2,808 US male consumer data from Predictive Analytics survey were analyzed with correspondence analysis (CA) (to identify segments based on store types and generations), general linear model (GLM) (to determine what retail attributes were important to target each segment) and a Rasch tree model (to test items of each factor in their relative importance). Findings The CA produced three segments: Segment 1 (Gen Y male consumers who frequently shop at specialty stores), Segment 2 (Gen X males who frequently shop at discount stores and online stores) and Segment 3 (Baby Boomers and Seniors who frequently shop at department stores). GLM shows that fundamentals were important to all segments; experiential was most important to Segment 1, while promotion was most important to Segment 3. Rasch tree analysis provided specific information on retail attributes for each store type and each generation. Research limitations/implications Future research could employ both the importance and performance of retail attributes that are measured on a rating scale to understand consumers’ attitudes toward each retail format. Practical implications This study provided men’s clothing retailers with current insights into the male consumer segments based upon generational cohorts and store types from which they can better develop appropriate positioning strategies to satisfy the needs of each segment. Originality/value This study addressed the men’s clothing market, a growing but largely ignored market in the clothing industry and the retail literature.
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Tumbe, Chinmay, and Shashank Krishnakumar. "From bazaar to Big Bazaar." Journal of Historical Research in Marketing 10, no. 3 (August 20, 2018): 312–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhrm-12-2017-0078.
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Purpose This paper aims to understand the factors affecting the evolution of retailing in India since the mid-nineteenth century. Design/methodology/approach This paper compares the trajectories of four distinct retail stores in India – Spencer’s pan-Indian retailing empire since 1863, Akbarallys’ department store chain in Mumbai since 1897, Apna Bazar’s consumer cooperative chain in Mumbai since 1948 and the Future Group’s pan-Indian retailing chain since the 1980s. Historical sources include firm biographies and newspaper archives. Findings This paper proposes a systems theory linking environmental influences and service innovation, to explain the evolution of retailing in India since the mid-nineteenth century. The key environmental influence on retailing has been state patronage – colonialism and high-end department stores until the 1940s, socialism and cooperative stores until the 1980s and liberalisation with restricted foreign direct investment in retailing until 2015 associated with indigenous corporate large retail format stores. Service innovation in terms of home delivery and recreation of the bazaar atmosphere due to norms on gender and community have also interacted to shape individual success in modern retailing and the dominance of small shop retailing over the long run. Research limitations/implications This paper questions standard accounts of retailing history in India that began with the late-twentieth century by showing the scale of a pan-Indian retailing chain in the early-twentieth century. It also provides an account of retailers that is missing in the current literature on the history of consumption in India. Practical implications Findings of this study will be useful to marketing professionals and teachers who wish to learn more about the history of retailing in India. It also shows how retailers navigated changes in the regulatory and business environment. Originality/value Through a comparative study, this paper outlines the environmental influences on retail formats and service innovation strategies that are required to serve the Indian market. It also brings to fore the significance of retailing chains in colonial India.
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Ivanova, S. V., and L. V. Mikhaylova. "TRADE AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES AUTOMATION IN RETAIL TRADE IN THE CONTEXT OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMY." Vestnik of the Russian University of Cooperation, no. 1(43) (April 26, 2021): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.52623/2227-4383-1-43-12.
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The current economic situation in Russia, complicated by economic sanctions and sanitary and epidemiological conditions, combined with scientific and technological progress, poses new challenges for trade enterprises of various formats in the fight for buyers and their loyalty [4]. The article examines the role and directions of application in the trade and technological process of the store of electronic technologies, which are a kind of indicators of innovation. They allow you to create not only a model of the store's operation, but also to correct it, taking into account the available innovations in the field of technical equipment of the trade enterprise. This toolkit facilitates both organizational and managerial and evaluative and analytical work, which is necessary today even for small stores.
The article concludes that it is necessary to improve the automation of processes in trade to increase the economic performance and competitiveness of the store. Understanding the specifics, the correct choice of electronic technologies enables the store to more deeply and in a timely manner identify the rapidly changing vector of value preferences of customers, as well as improve the ergonomics of purchases.
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Marshall, David. "Convenience stores and discretionary food consumption among young Tokyo consumers." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 44, no. 10 (October 10, 2016): 1013–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-08-2015-0137.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to consider the question of young consumer’s discretionary consumption in Japan where the ready access to convenience stores, or “konbini”, presents a unique retail landscape and to look at how young Japanese consumers use this store format as part of their discretionary food consumption. Design/methodology/approach This is an exploratory study that draws on primary qualitative data based on in store observations, accompanied shopping and a survey with young Japanese consumers. This approach provides an insight into the convenience store food offering and young consumer’s everyday food practices and experience of using these retail stores. Findings The data reveals a relatively limited range of purchases on each store visit with some variation across time of the day and between individuals and groups of young consumers. Visits before and after school remain the most popular and young consumers make around two to four visits per week to a convenience store. It finds young consumers actively engaged in independent purchasing decisions in this retail format. Research limitations/implications This is an exploratory study with a geographically constrained sample conducted in several areas in and around Tokyo, Japan. It is a convenience sample recruited using student contacts and snowballing techniques. Practical implications Convenience stores represent an important “shopping habitat” for young consumers to engage in discretionary food shopping. While these convenience store purchases are not always unhealthy the promotion and pricing strategies used by retailers can have an influence on the final selection of products and convenience stores provide a unique opportunity to cultivate more healthful behaviour among young consumers. Originality/value This offers a unique insight into the relationship between young consumer’s discretionary food choice and local retail provision in the convenience sector. It adds to the debate on the role of food environment on food choice and the extent to which young Japanese consumers are socialised into particular food practices through their engagement with the convenience retail sector.
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González-Benito, Óscar, Pablo A. Muñoz-Gallego, and Praveen K. Kopalle. "Asymmetric competition in retail store formats: Evaluating inter- and intra-format spatial effects." Journal of Retailing 81, no. 1 (January 2005): 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2005.01.004.
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Janssens, Kim, Wim Lambrechts, Henriëtte Keur, and Janjaap Semeijn. "Customer Value Types Predicting Consumer Behavior at Dutch Grocery Retailers." Behavioral Sciences 10, no. 8 (August 5, 2020): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs10080127.
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The purpose of this paper is to profile three grocery retail formats (non-discounter, soft discounter, and hard discounter) in the Netherlands using Holbrook’s value types. These value types are linked to three consumer behavior outcomes, i.e., Satisfaction, Repurchase intention, and Word-of-Mouth. The impact of the retail formats is evaluated on the importance and performance of the value types, using a questionnaire for each of the retail formats. The relationship between the value types and outcomes is tested with partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Aesthetics, Altruistic value, and Efficiency are positively linked to Satisfaction. In addition, Efficiency is the key driver for Repurchase intention and has a positive impact on Word-of-Mouth. A positive Word-of-Mouth is predicted by Social value and Service excellence. The three examined retail formats show a difference in Holbrook’s value types. Overall, the results of the non- and soft discounters differ from the hard discounters. Remarkably, and contrary to previous studies, the soft discounter’s scores are the highest meaning that consumers are most critical for this retail format. It seems that consumers expect the best of both worlds at soft discounters: low prices, interesting bargains, easy access, but also appealing store design, and excellent service.
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Saber, Marcus, and Anja Weber. "How do supermarkets and discounters communicate about sustainability? A comparative analysis of sustainability reports and in-store communication." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 47, no. 11 (November 11, 2019): 1181–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-08-2018-0156.
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Purpose Commonly, supermarkets are perceived as more sustainable than discount stores, which are accused of following an aggressive price and no-frills approach. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate whether supermarkets and discounters differ substantially in their sustainability communication. Design/methodology/approach Sustainability reports and in-store communication are two important channels for retailers’ sustainability communication. To analyze both communication channels, the authors use a multi-method approach with data triangulation, analyzing sustainability reports and store observations of eight German retailers (two supermarket chains, six discount chains). Findings The study reveals no major differences between supermarkets and discounters regarding the readability of sustainability reports and the number of key figures on sustainability presented. However, supermarkets perform significantly better in translating sustainability to the store level than discounters. Furthermore, the results indicate that poor quality in the readability analysis is reflected in fewer concrete data provided in the sustainability reports and poorer translation of sustainability to the retail store. Originality/value This paper presents an empirical analysis of how well German retailers communicate about sustainability on both the report and the store level for the interest of academia and retail managers. It reveals different performance qualities among retail chains and retail formats and identifies the shortcomings within current reporting legislation with a clear indication toward policy makers.
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De-Juan-Vigaray, María D., and Ana I. Espinosa Seguí. "Retailing, Consumers, and Territory: Trends of an Incipient Circular Model." Social Sciences 8, no. 11 (October 28, 2019): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci8110300.
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The aim of this theoretical research is to analyze the state of retail distribution nowadays, reviewing the dynamics of action that contribute to the move from a linear to an incipient circular retail model. The framework is based on the Retail Wheel Spins Theory and the Retail Life Cycle (RLC), with an extra review of Bauman’s liquid metaphor. We consider two questions. Firstly, are offline retailers ready to disappear as online commerce and digital marketing aggressively break into the retail industry? Secondly, could commercial spaces (in the fifth stage in the evolution of retail and territory) be in the decline stage in the RLC in the near future or can a circular connection take place? Thus, a desk research methodology based on secondary documentary material and sources issued leads to an interpretive analysis that reveals ten trends (e.g., solid retail vs. liquid retail; glocal retail; food sovereignty) and a wide diversity of changes that could involve offline stores recovering territory and entering a circular phase. Our findings suggest that digitalized physical stores are flourishing and our reflections augur changes in pace and the closure of the linear business cycle to recover territory, the city, its local market, and its symbolism, as well as a liquid business steeped in omnichannel formats developing an incipient circular movement. Conclusions indicate that it is possible to perceive a timid change back to territory and retail spaces which, along with phygitalization, will coexist with the digital world.
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Haans, Hans, and Els Gijsbrechts. "To Close or not to Close? Assessing the Impact of Outlet Closures on Retail Chains." GfK Marketing Intelligence Review 4, no. 2 (November 1, 2012): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gfkmir-2014-0030.
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Abstract Retail chains often face tough competition and permanently seek to increase profitability. Closing outlets is a common strategy, even if knowledge about its implications is limited. Indeed, chain sales losses from store closure of a multi-outlet retailer operating multiple formats vary widely across outlets (ranging from less than 30 % to more than 80 % of the closed outlet’s revenue) and depend not only on the closed store’s format and distance to competitors, but also on the profile of its clientele and type of shopping trip. Analyzing these criteria helps to predict the magnitude of these losses for specific store closures using a new model. It offers guidance to retailers in deciding whether a particular store closure is beneficial to the chain or, if the objective is to prune an overly dense network, which of a set of local outlets is the best candidate for closure
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Meena Rani, N., and K. Ramachandra. "Growth in Grocery Retailing in India-Competitive Landscape of Modern vis-a-vis Traditional Grocers." SDMIMD Journal of Management 6, no. 2 (September 1, 2015): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/sdmimd/2015/2655.
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As India witnessed surge of modern retail format over the last decade, significant developments have taken place in its retail landscape. The authors felt it appropriate to check the reality at ground level to ascertain the truth in earlier projections or perceptions towards the modern vis a vis traditional grocery retailing. Hence a study was undertaken, largely relying on secondary data, to identify key trends which in turn would provide critical insights to the academicians, researchers and policy makers. The analysis was done for a review period from 2008-13 and forecast period from 2013-18. Key findings include a robust growth in terms of number of outlets and turnover of both modern and traditional formats during review period. The forecast seems to be more promising for modern retailers than it is for the traditional players. As the customer are getting more discerning, and strive to get value for money, convenience and product variety, the modern retailer should leave no room for complacency to meet the growing and varying needs of the consumers. The traditional mom and pop stores need to go for substantial makeover to remain relevant and a reckoning force in the booming sphere.
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Mishra, Hari Govind, Piyush Kumar Sinha, and Surabhi Koul. "Customer dependence and customer loyalty in traditional and modern format stores." Journal of Indian Business Research 9, no. 1 (March 20, 2017): 59–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jibr-12-2015-0126.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between customer loyalty and customer dependence in the context of modern format and traditional format stores. In the process, the role of switching cost and trust in this relationship has been explored. Design/methodology/approach Building on the literature, the authors have postulated a conceptual model and formulated relevant hypotheses. Quantitative methodology is applied with previously established. The data were collected through convenient sampling. Methods like Factor analysis, cross-tab and regression analysis have been used. Findings The findings indicate a significant relationship between customer loyalty and customer dependence. Switching cost and trust have been found to have a moderating effect over the relationship in both modern and traditional environments. Research limitations/implications The limitation is the restriction to the Jammu context. The studies have brought about the difference in attitudinal and behavioural loyalty. Future research can be carried out on the role of dependence in explaining and strengthening this relationship. Originality/value The present study provides an insight into for the customer loyalty and customer dependence in the context of modern and traditional retail formats.
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Thomas, Sujo, Pervin Gandhi, and Suggala Susmita. "Evaluating the Trajectory of Growth in the Pharmaceuticals Market: A Case of Karnavati Chemist Store in India." South Asian Journal of Business and Management Cases 5, no. 2 (December 2016): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2277977916665991.
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Karnavati Chemist Store, a popular store in the city of Ahmedabad, a successful entrepreneurial venture is at the crossroads. The case is an in-depth analysis of a range of growth options for this stand-alone store, known amongst its loyal customers for its ideal services in the heart of the city. The journey of the store, factors contributing to its sustainability and growth in the era of upcoming organized retail store formats throw light on a series of facets contributing to the success quotient of the store. Karnavati Chemist Store wanting to ride the growth wave had wished to extrapolate their learnings and experiences for their future stores, an inevitable decision under such conditions. Franchising seemed a good option, provision for financing had also been apportioned and a need for slight tweaking of the distribution system to ensure a flawless delivery system had been expressed. The case is an insightful explanation, with logical arguments and discussions of the various store formats, aspects contributing to the success to determine the new journey embarked on to become a prominent player in pharmacy retailing in the years ahead.
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Mohamed, Rozita Naina, Rosidah Musa, Ramesh Krishnan, and Shafinar Ismail. "The Modern Retail Customer's Experience on Customer Engagement: Evidence from Health and Personal Care Stores in Malaysia Using Structural Equation Modelling Approach (SEM)." Global Journal of Business and Social Science Review (GJBSSR) Vol. 1(4) 2013 1, no. 4 (October 29, 2013): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2013.1.4(4).
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Objective- The modern retail experience is about more than buying products. It's about the feeling the customer gets from being in your store, the way it makes them feel, and how it addresses the person they want to be. In today's business arena customers are prime assets for an organization and managing the customer relationship is equally critical for the organizations. This paper aims to address the emotional response of customers, which would lead to three dimensions of emotions which are a pleasure, arousal and dominance. This research was conducted in order to observe the buying behaviour of customers that shop at health and personal cares retail outlets. Methodology/Technique A hypothesized model which integrates two major antecedents of health and personal cares retail stores brand was analysed and tested rigorously using the SEM. The model was tested using 400 usable questionnaires of adult respondents who reside in chosen urban areas in Malaysia. The study has used a self-administered questionnaire distributed by using retail outlets intercept. This paper contributes to the understanding about the importance of food allergy awareness among public. Findings - - The results show that socio-demographic variables such as age, education, income level and work sector as well as modern grocery retail format, servicescape and customer emotion experience have significant positive effect of customer engagement on health and personal cares of retail stores brand. Novelty - These findings have important implications that demonstrate the originality or value for health and personal cares retail stores and consumer behaviour body of knowledge. Type of Paper Empirical Paper Keywords: Customer Emotions; Customer Engagement; Modern Retail and Health and Personal Care Stores.
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Harvey, Eric. "Siding with vinyl: Record Store Day and the branding of independent music." International Journal of Cultural Studies 20, no. 6 (April 23, 2015): 585–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367877915582105.
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In response to the digitization and corporatization of the record industry, Record Store Day brands music consumption as an ethical decision, coordinating the release of exclusive vinyl records to independent, locally owned retailers and framing an engineered collectors’ market as an annual holiday. In this article, I evaluate Record Store Day as an ambivalent brand culture – a perspective highlighting the affective and relational components of brands without privileging exploitation or authenticity. At once, Record Store Day is a commercial platform for the development of media ideologies and political subject positions on independence and a capitalist operation that compartmentalizes its corporate intermediaries and offloads financial risk onto small stores. Record Store Day’s success suggests that ambivalent brand cultures provide a productive framework through which to analyse the political and cultural possibilities of media formats and independent retail.
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Agrahari, Amit, and Saket Jhunjhunwala. "Inventory Management Process." Journal of Cases on Information Technology 14, no. 1 (January 2012): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jcit.2012010101.
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This case captures inventory management process in an Indian convenience store. Unlike retail stores in developed countries, Indian convenience stores are a special format of organized retailing, where retailers open multiple smaller stores in a town instead of one big centralised store. An excellent inventory management process is the key to make such stores perform well. This case describes inventory management problems faced by an Indian convenience store chain and asks students to propose solutions to these problems. This case illustrates how processes realities and their IT solutions differ in an emerging economy. Using inventory management process as an example, this teaching case can introduce students to the process and technological realities in an Indian context and differences between India and the West.
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Bellini, Silvia, and Simone Aiolfi. "Impulse buying behavior: the mobile revolution." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 48, no. 1 (September 23, 2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-12-2018-0280.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of in-store mobile usage on purchase decision making in order to understand whether and to what extent the use of the device changes the shopper behavior in terms of planned and unplanned purchases even across different retail store formats. Design/methodology/approach Data were obtained using a structured questionnaire from 406 respondents interviewed in hypermarket and discount stores, after the checkout. Data were measured through t-tests and the analysis of variance. Findings The mobile intensifies a process of preparation making it popular and the same across the different store formats, confirming how the growing convergence, making store formats less distinctive in the eyes of the consumer, has somewhat flattened and standardized the pre-shopping out-of-store preparation. Practical implications The pervasiveness and the versatility of the mobile, and its ability to influence the decision-making processes, leads to important managerial questions and implications regarding the effectiveness of in-store marketing initiatives and the need to review the mix of out-of-store and in-store investments, with the knowledge that the consumer will continue to become even more prepared and well informed in the future. Originality/value Mobile devices could be used out-of-store, as a tool for shopping preparation, and in-store as a tool for self-regulation. Therefore, it becomes crucial to understand how the mobile influences the decision-making process as well as the buying behavior of shoppers.
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M., Geetha, and Gitanjali Naidu. "Attributes and retail format preference for branded pulses." South Asian Journal of Global Business Research 3, no. 2 (July 29, 2014): 190–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sajgbr-11-2012-0131.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the attribute preferences of buyers of branded pulses and to study the differences in preferences between consumers who purchase from traditional retail stores and those who purchase from modern retail stores. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 300 respondents (150 respondents from traditional and 150 respondents from modern retail outlet) participated in the study. Conjoint analysis was used to assess the consumers’ attribute preferences for branded pulses. Findings – For both traditional and modern retail outlets, profile with highest utility was the profile with established brand, low price, high quality and normal packaging. Research limitations/implications – Shoppers of traditional and modern retail outlets have similar attribute preferences for branded pulses. Hence, it can be concluded that the purchase point makes no difference in consumer attribute preferences. Practical implications – Results indicate that in both traditional and modern retail outlet customers prefer the same profile of attributes. Two important attributes determining their purchase are also the same. Hence a company entering into the sale of branded pulses will have to focus on these two important attributes irrespective of the purchase point. Originality/value – The topic is relatively less researched in emerging markets especially where both branded pulses and organized retail are in their nascent stages.