Relevant bibliographies by topics / Formic acid synthesis

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Formic acid synthesis'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Formic acid synthesis"

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Liu, Ying, Yingxi Geng, Renyong Zhao, Huabao Zheng, and Wenqiao Yuan. "Effects of Formic and Levulinic Acids on Butyric Acid Synthesis by Clostridium tyrobutyricum in Xylose Media." Transactions of the ASABE 62, no. 6 (2019): 1803–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13669.

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Abstract. Weak acids released during hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass are potential inhibitors of microorganism fermentation. In this study, the effects of formic and levulinic acids on butyric acid synthesis by were investigated. With the addition of 1.2 to 4.8 g L-1 of formic acid, increased lag time, decreased cell density, and lower butyric acid productivity were observed. Up to 15% and 56% reduction in peak cell density and butyric acid productivity, respectively, were caused by formic acid addition, whereas there was no significant difference in butyric acid yield between the contro
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Höckendorf, Robert F., Chi-Kit Siu, Christian van der Linde, O. Petru Balaj, and Martin K. Beyer. "Selective Formic Acid Synthesis from Nanoscale Electrochemistry." Angewandte Chemie 122, no. 44 (2010): 8433–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201004134.

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Höckendorf, Robert F., Chi-Kit Siu, Christian van der Linde, O. Petru Balaj, and Martin K. Beyer. "Selective Formic Acid Synthesis from Nanoscale Electrochemistry." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 49, no. 44 (2010): 8257–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201004134.

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Wang, Ligeng, Jun Hu, Hualong Zhang, Qin Yu, and Chun Feng. "Green Synthesis of Haloformates from Olefins Using Formic Acid as Reactant, Protonic Acid, and Solvent." Synlett 29, no. 12 (2018): 1611–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1610028.

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Bromoformates and iodoformates are successfully synthesized in high yields with regioselectivity and stereoselectivity by using ZnAl-BrO3 – layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and KX (X = Br, I) in the presence of formic acid (HCOOH). The protocol exploits the versatile function of formic acid as solvent, nucleophilic reagent, and acidic medium simultaneously, simplifying the reaction and separation of the products.
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Jiang, Kun, Han-Xuan Zhang, Shouzhong Zou, and Wen-Bin Cai. "Electrocatalysis of formic acid on palladium and platinum surfaces: from fundamental mechanisms to fuel cell applications." Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16, no. 38 (2014): 20360–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp03151b.

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A brief overview is presented on recent progress in mechanistic studies of formic acid oxidation, synthesis of novel Pd- and Pt-based nanocatalysts and their practical applications in direct formic acid fuel cells.
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Lin, Hongyan, Ziling Zhou, Xiaopeng Ma, et al. "One pot synthesis of aryl nitriles from aromatic aldehydes in a water environment." RSC Advances 11, no. 39 (2021): 24232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra03559b.

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In a formic acid–H<sub>2</sub>O solution (60% : 40%), most aromatic aldehydes react efficiently with hydroxylamine hydrochloride and sodium acetate to form nitriles, where formic acid acts as both catalyst and solvent.
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Perich, JW, PF Alewood, and RB Johns. "Synthesis of Casein-Related Peptides and Phosphopeptides. IX. A Modified Method for the Synthesis of Ser(P) Peptides by Using Ppoc-Ser(PO3bzl2)-OH." Australian Journal of Chemistry 44, no. 3 (1991): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9910377.

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Benzyl phosphate groups were found to be sensitive to acid conditions, and a stability study with dibenzyl isobutyl phosphate under various acid conditions is described. While extensive acidolytic debenzylation of the dibenzyl phosphorotriester occurred on treatment with either 4 M hydrogen chloride/ dioxan or 50% trifluoroacetic acid/dichloromethane, only minor benzyl loss occurred with the use of formic acid or 1 M hydrogen chloride/acetic acid. Minimization of benzyl phosphate loss during the synthesis of a Ser(PO3Bzl2)-containing tripeptide was effected by the use of 98% formic acid (or 1
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Takale, Nilesh, Neelakandan Kaliyaperumal, Gopalakrishnan Mannathusamy, and Rajarajan Govindasamy. "A Headspace Gas Chromatographic Method for Determination of Formic Acid Content in Isosulfan Blue and Various Drug Substances." Oriental Journal of Chemistry 37, no. 02 (2021): 321–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/370209.

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The Pharmaceutical industry uses formic acid in the manufacturing of various drug substances or API. At the time of manufacturing of API formic acid is use as an oxidizing agent. Formic acid is the simplest carboxylic acid. It also called methanoic acid.Formic acid present in API at high concentrations is very hazardous but in low concentrations is very beneficial. The developed and validated method was short, precise, cost effective and reproducible with FID detector and easy to use. The method is a selective and superficial analytical method for determination of formic acid in different drug
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Takale, Nilesh, Neelakandan Kaliyaperumal, Gopalakrishnan Mannathusamy, and Rajarajan Govindasamy. "A Headspace Gas Chromatographic Method for Determination of Formic acid Content in Isosulfan Blue and in Various Drugs." Oriental Journal Of Chemistry 37, no. 2 (2021): 321–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005//ojc/370209.

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The Pharmaceutical industry uses formic acid in the manufacturing of various drug substances or API. At the time of manufacturing of API formic acid is use as an oxidizing agent. Formic acid is the simplest carboxylic acid. It also called methanoic acid.Formic acid present in API at high concentrations is very hazardous but in low concentrations is very beneficial. The developed and validated method was short, precise, cost effective and reproducible with FID detector and easy to use. The method is a selective and superficial analytical method for determination of formic acid in different drug
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Ahmed, Ajaz, Nazar Hussain, Monika Bhardwaj, Anuj Kumar Chhalodia, Amit Kumar, and Debaraj Mukherjee. "Palladium catalysed carbonylation of 2-iodoglycals for the synthesis of C-2 carboxylic acids and aldehydes taking formic acid as a carbonyl source." RSC Advances 9, no. 39 (2019): 22227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra03626a.

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Pd catalyzed carbonylative reaction of 2-iodo-glycals has been developed taking formic acid as a carbonyl source for the synthesis of 2-carboxylic acids of sugars by the hydroxycarbonylation strategy.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Formic acid synthesis"

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Brown, Kimberly Ann. "An analysis of a new approach to sol-gel synthesis the reaction of formic acid with TEOS /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2979.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.<br>Thesis research directed by: Chemical Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Corral, Pérez Juan José. "Continuous hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to formates and formic acid over heterogeneous catalysts." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667680.

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La síntesi de format i àcid fòrmic via la hidrogenació de diòxid de carboni ofereix un camí prometedor en la valorització de diòxid de carboni, i una alternativa atractiva als processos comercials actuals. No obstant, aquesta reacció no és termodinàmicament favorable en fase gas. Per això, l’ús d’additius bàsics juntament amb catalitzadors homogenis en processos per lots representa l’estat de l’art en aquest camp. L’escassa investigació d’aquesta reacció fent ús de catalitzadors heterogenis ha pogut dificultar el seu posterior desenvolupament a escala industrial. En aquest treball, es demostra
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Jean, Deok-im. "CORE-SHELL NANOPARTICLES: SYNTHESIS, ASSEMBLY, AND APPLICATIONS." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1374848575.

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Tang, Yongan. "SYNTHESIS AND ELECTROCATALYSIS OF METAL NANOMATERIALS." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1402313477.

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Nitze, Florian. "Synthesis and characterization of palladium based carbon nanostructure-composites and their clean-energy application." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-68852.

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Carbon nanostructures are a wide field with many applications. The use of carbon nanostructures as support in heterogeneous catalysis is a key development that led together with the use of nanoparticles to a significant cost reduction of catalysts. Catalysts designed in this way are widely applied in fuel cell technologies. For portable devices especially low temperature fuel cells are desirable with low hazards for the user. One technology which fulfills these requirements is the direct formic acid fuel cell (DFAFC). DFAFC have many promising characteristics, such as high electromotive force
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Chan, Chun Wong Aaron. "Ultraselective nanocatalysts in fine chemical and pharmaceutical synthesis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:866296af-5296-4d2e-8e52-6499dacaef0f.

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Surface catalysed reactions play an important role in chemical productions. Developments of catalyst requiring high activity whilst improving on product selectivity can potentially have a profound effect in the chemical industry. Traditional catalyst modifications were focused on tuning the size, shape and foreign metal doping to form well defined metal nanoparticles of unique functionalities. Here, we show new approach to engineering of metal nanocatalysts via a subsurface approach can modify the chemisorption strength of adsorbates on the surface. Carbon modified nanoparticles were synthesis
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Fischer, Joshua. "HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitors: A Formal Total Synthesis of Lithospermic Acid And Synthetic Studies Towards Integramycin." University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2397.

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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)<br>This thesis describes synthetic studies towards the HIV-1 integrase inhibitory natural products lithospermic acid and integramycin, resulting in a formal total synthesis of the former. A modular, flexible and convergent synthetic strategy to lithospermic acid was devised. In this approach, a Sonogashira coupling was used to unite the C1–C7 and C20–C27 fragments that were subsequently manipulated to then participate in the key step of the synthesis, a palladium-mediated carbonylative annulation. Reduction of the benzofuran nucleus with magnesium in methanol then pr
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Raciulete, Monica. "Synthèse de matériaux nano structurés dans des solvants non aqueux." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00809196.

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Dans la synthèse des matériaux catalytiques, deux aspects orientent en particulier les recherches actuelles: le contrôle de taille afin d'obtenir des nanoparticules finement divisées et le contrôle précis de la morphologie. Dans cette étude, nous avons utilisé les milieux non aqueux pour élaborer des matériaux catalytiques à base d'oxydes des métaux de transition (Ti, Zr, Mn). Trois méthodologies ont été employées pour la préparation des solides à base de TiO2. La synthèse dans les nitrates fondus dopés avec différents anions permet un boncontrôle des propriétés texturales des matériaux et de
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Arvola, J. (Jouko). "Reducing industrial use of fossil raw materials:techno-economic assessment of relevant cases in Northern Finland." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2011. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514296895.

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Abstract Climate change and global warming are currently widely discussed topics, both of which potentially impact all the nations and industries. Carbon dioxide (CO2) and other green house gases (GHG) are seen as a major challenge. This doctoral dissertation aims to conduct techno-economic calculations on the possibilities of reducing the industrial use of fossil raw materials in Northern Finland. This doctoral dissertation analyses industrial CO2 emissions from five complementary perspectives: identifying significant potential industrial plants, analysing the replacement of fossil raw materi
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Goodwin, Nicole C. Barton Jacqueline K. MacMillan David W. C. "Application of iminium activation technologies to natural product synthesis : total syntheses of the spiculisporic acids, progress towards the total synthesis of cylindrocyclophane F, and a formal synthesis of cylindrocyclophane A /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 2007. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-07242006-134454.

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Books on the topic "Formic acid synthesis"

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Fu, Ming-Chen. Studies on Green Synthetic Reactions Based on Formic Acid from Biomass. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7623-2.

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Crichton, Michael. Three Complete Novels: The Andromeda Strain / The Terminal Man / The Great Train Robbery. Wings Books, 1993.

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Crichton, Michael. Tian wai si jun. Bo Yi, 1995.

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Crichton, Michael. The Andromeda Strain. Ballantine Books, 1999.

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Crichton, Michael. The Andromeda Strain. 4th ed. Dell, 1987.

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Crichton, Michael. The Andromeda strain. Eagle Large Print, 1994.

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Crichton, Michael. The Andromeda Strain. Ballantine Books, 1993.

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Crichton, Michael. The Andromeda strain. Dell Pub. Co., 1987.

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Crichton, Michael. The Andromeda strain. Century, 1993.

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Crichton, Michael. La amenaza de Andromeda. Origen/Planeta, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Formic acid synthesis"

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Fu, Ming-Chen. "Conversion of Formic Acid in Organic Synthesis as a C1 Source." In Springer Theses. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7623-2_1.

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Galantino, M., E. Arlandini, R. Forino, G. Perseo, and R. de Castiglione. "ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES IN THE USE OF FORMIC ACID IN PEPTIDE SYNTHESIS." In Porto Carras, Chalkidiki, Greece, Aug. 31–Sept. 5, 1986, edited by Dimitrios Theodoropoulos. De Gruyter, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110864243-012.

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Li, Shu-Shuang, Lei Tao, Yong-Mei Liu, and Yong Cao. "Towards More Sustainable Chemical Synthesis, Using Formic Acid as a Renewable Feedstock." In Nanoporous Catalysts for Biomass Conversion. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119128113.ch12.

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Smith, G. B. L., and Frank Wilcoxon. "Azidodithiocarbonic Acid (Azidothio-Formic Acid) and Azidocarbondisulfide." In Inorganic Syntheses. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470132326.ch28.

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Burford, R. P., R. M. McDonogh, C. J. D. Fell, and C. W. Yao. "CHARACTERISTICS OF MEMBRANES FORMED BY ACID DISSOLUTION OF POLYAMIDES." In Synthetic Polymeric Membranes, edited by Blahoslav Sedláček and Jaroslav Kahovec. De Gruyter, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110867374-016.

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Aikins, James, Tony Y. Zhang, Milton Zmijewski, and Barbara Briggs. "Large-Scale Enantioselective Preparation of 2E,7E, 5S,6R, 5-Hydroxy-6-methyl-8-phenyl-octa-2,7-dienoic Acid, a Key Fragment for the Formal Total Synthesis of the Anti-tumor Agent Cryptophycin 52." In Fundamentals of Early Clinical Drug Development. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470043407.ch3.

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Kruse, A., and E. Dinjus. "Using Formic Acid/Formates." In Water in Organic Synthesis. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-206-00549.

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Taber, Douglass F. "Functional Group Protection: The Kraus Synthesis of Bauhinoxepin J." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199965724.003.0013.

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Amos B. Smith III of the University of Pennsylvania found (Synlett 2009, 3131) that the advanced SAMP intermediate 1 could be deprotected to 2 without racemization under mild oxidative conditions. Akihiko Ouchi of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, showed (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 4870) that the C-Te of 3 was easily oxidized to the aldehyde 4. Secondary C-Te bonds were converted to ketones. Asit K. Chakraborti of NIPER prepared (J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 5967) esters by warming an acid 5 with an alcohol 6 in the presence of acidic silica gel. Gilles Quéléver of Aix-Marseille Université established (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 4346) that a cyanomethyl ester 8, readily prepared from the acid, efficiently exchanged with an alcohol 9 to give the ester 10. Martin J. Lear of the National University of Singapore protected (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 5267) an alcohol 11 as the p -methoxybenzyl ether 13 under mild conditions (AgOTf/DTBMP) with the new reagent 12 . Isao Kadota of Okayama University selectively removed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 4552) the primary PMB ether from 14 to give 15. Hiromishi Fujioka of Osaka University, starting (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 5138) from 16, was able to selectively prepare either the primary protected 18 or the secondary protected 19. In other developments (not pictured), Mattie S. M. Timmer and Brendan A. Burkett of Victoria University of Wellington devised (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 7199) a convenient preparation for azulene-containing α-keto esters. The distinctively colored protecting group was conveniently removed in the presence of other esters by treatment with o-phenylenediamine. Scott D. Taylor of the University of Waterloo established (J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 9406) a robust protocol for converting alcohols to the corresponding protected sulfates. P. Shanthan Rao of the Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, showed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 7099) that an amine 20 was formylated by warming with formic acid in the presence of ZnCl2. The easily hydrolyzed formamide 21 is readily converted to the corresponding isonitrile. Shiyue Fang of Michigan Technological University selectively monoacylated (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 5741) the symmetrical diamine 22 using phenyl esters.
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Taber, Douglass F. "Functional Group Protection." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199965724.003.0014.

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Bekington Myrboh of North-Eastern Hill University reported (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 2862) a convenient procedure for the oxidative removal of a 1,3-oxathiolane 1 or a 1,3-dithiolane. Sang-Gyeong Lee and Yong-Jin Yoon of Gyeongsang National University developed (J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 484) the pyridazin-3(2H )-one 4 for the microwave-mediated deprotection of an oxime 3. Dario M. Bassani of Université Bordeaux 1 and John S. Snaith of the University of Birmingham devised (J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 4648) a procedure for the facile preparation of esters such as 6. Brief photolysis (350 nm) returned the parent carboxylic acid 7. Craig M. Williams of the University of Queensland prepared (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 1158) the trithioorthoester 8 by iterative opening of epichlorohydrin. He found that the keto ester 9 could be efficiently released by Hg-mediated hydrolysis. Masatoshi Mihara of the Osaka Municipal Technical Research Institute established (Synlett 2010, 253) that even very congested alcohols such as 10 could be acetylated by acetic anhydride containing a trace of FeCl3. Colleen N. Scott, now at Southern Illinois University, developed (J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 253) a convenient procedure for the preparation of the hydridosilane 13, which on Mn catalysis added the alcohol 12 to make the unsymmetrical bisalkoxysilane 14. Sabine Berteina-Raboin of the Université d’Orléans found (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 2115) that NaBH4 in EtOH cleanly removed the chloroacetates from 15. Both other esters and silyl ethers were stable under these conditions. Ram S. Mohan of Illinois Wesleyan University established (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 1056) that Fe(III) tosylate in methanol selectively removed the alkyl silyl ether from 17 without affecting the aryl silyl ether. Alakananda Hajra and Adinath Majee of Visva-Bharati University effected (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 2896) formylation of an amine 19 by heating with commercial 85% formic acid as the solvent in a sealed tube at 80°C. Although both primary and secondary amines could be effi ciently formylated, the primary amines were much more reactive. Doo Ok Jang of Yonsei University found (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 683) that the conveniently handled CF3CCO2H (the acid chloride is a gas) could be activated in situ to selectively convert 22 into 24.
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Taber, Douglass F. "The Dixon Synthesis of (-)-Nakadomarin A." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199965724.003.0087.

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(-)-Nakadomarin A 4, isolated from the sponge Amphimedon sp. off the coast of Okinawa, shows interesting antifungal and antibacterial activity. The key step in the total synthesis of 4 reported (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 16632) by Darren J. Dixon of the University of Oxford was the diastereoselective addition of the enantiomerically pure ester 1 to the prochiral nitroalkene 2. The assembly of 2 began with the linchpin ketophosphonate 5. Alkylation of the dianion of 5 with allyl bromide followed by direct condensation of the resulting monoanion with the diacetate 6 gave 7. On exposure to aqueous acid, 7 cyclized to the furan. Oxidation of the liberated primary alcohol followed by condensation with nitromethane then completed the preparation of 2. The starting material for the synthesis of 1 was the enantiomerically pure pyroglutamate derivative 8. Sulfide displacement followed by N-alkylation with the bromide 10 delivered 11 . Oxidation followed by deprotection then set the stage for the intramolecular Julia-Kocienski cyclization, which gave 12 with the expected (eight-membered ring) high geometric control. Addition of the ester 1 to Michael acceptors proceeded across the open face of the lactam, but it was still necessary to control the face of the nitro alkene 2 to which the lactam anion added. Catalysis of the addition with the urea 13 delivered 3 with 10:1 diasterocontrol. Mannich condensation of the nitroalkane 3 with formaldehyde and the amine 14 gave the bis-lactam 15, conveniently as a single diastereomer. After free radical removal of the nitro group, it was necessary to achieve selective reduction of the δ-lactam in the presence of the γ-lactam. Low-temperature LiAlH4 was found to be effective. Direct reduction of the resulting hemiaminal with formic acid led to the monolactam 16. The hemiaminal from monoreduction of 16 was found to be unstable and sensitive to overreduction. Nevertheless, exposure of 16 to Dibal at low temperature followed by acid-mediated cyclization delivered the diamine 17. Cyclization of the free base of 17 with the first generation Grubbs catalyst gave (-)-nakadomarin A 4 as the minor component of a 40:60 Z/E mixture. Carrying out the cyclization on the camphorsulfonate salt improved the ratio to 63:37 Z/E.
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Conference papers on the topic "Formic acid synthesis"

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Xu, Wenjuan, Liping Ma, Bin Huang, Xia Cui, Xuekui Niu, and Hang Zhang. "Thermodynamic analysis of formic acid synthesis from CO2 hydrogenation." In Environment (ICMREE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmree.2011.5930612.

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Paviet-Hartmann, Patricia, Amber Wright, Edward Mausolf, Keri Campbell, and Frederic Poineau. "Application of Formohydroxamic Acid in Nuclear Processing: Synthesis and Complexation With Technetium-99." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29028.

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Acetohydroxamic acid (AHA) is an organic ligand planned for use in the Uranium Extraction (UREX) process. It reduces neptunium and plutonium, and the resultant hydrophilic complexes are separated from uranium by extraction with tributyl phosphate (TBP) in a hydrocarbon diluent. AHA undergoes hydrolysis to acetic acid which will impede the recycling of nitric acid. During recent discussions of the UREX process, it has been proposed to replace AHA by formohydroxamic acid (FHA). FHA will undergo hydrolysis to formic acid which is volatile, thus allowing the recycling of nitric acid. The reported
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AlDahlan, Mohammed N., Marwa A. Obied, Khalid M. Marshad, Faisal M. Sahman, Ibrahim S. Yami, and Abdullah M. Alhajri. "Evaluation of Synthetic Acid for Wells Stimulation in Carbonate Formations." In SPE Middle East Unconventional Resources Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/spe-172945-ms.

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Abstract Acid treatments of carbonate formations are usually carried out using mineral acid (HCl), organic acids (formic and acetic), mixed acids (HCl-formic, HCl-acetic), or retarded acids. The major challenges when using these acids are their high corrosivity, fast reaction rate and health hazard. The improvement in corrosion inhibitors makes the use of a strong acid as high as 28 wt% HCl possible. The acid reaction rate can be controlled by increasing acid viscosity using gelling agent or emulsifying acid droplets, acid-in-diesel emulsion. While the issues of stimulation acids reaction and
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Santana, Lourenço Luis Botelho de, and Silvio Cunha. "Aza-bicycles Synthesis Through Formal Aza [3+3], [3+2+1] and [3+1+1+1] Cycloadditions Between Enaminones, Aldehydes and Meldrum’s Acid Derivatives." In 14th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-14bmos-r0056-1.

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Chinnasami, Harish, Daniel Hayes, and Ram Devireddy. "Synthesis of Poly (L-Lactic Acid) Scaffolds Under Controlled Freezing Conditions." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14168.

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Poly (l-lactic acid) (PLLA) scaffolds for bone grafts were prepared by using Thermally Induced Phase Separation (TIPS) method. Solutions of PLLA-dioxane was formed by dissolving a pre-determined value of PLLA in dioxane (3, 7 and 10% wt/vol) at 323K. These solutions were frozen at controlled cooling rates (1, 10 and 40°C/min) in cylindrical capsules. The frozen solutions were freeze-dried for a period of 48 hours for the frozen dioxane to completely sublimate, leaving the porous PLLA scaffold. The scaffolds which were formed under different processing conditions were characterized in terms of
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Verma, Devendra, Kalpana Katti, and Dinesh Katti. "Biopolymer Polyelectrolyte Complex Nanocomposites for Bone Tissue Engineering." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-206390.

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Recent studies have shown that its necessary for synthetic matrix to provide similar mechanical response as cell’s host environment in the body for desired tissue growth [1,2]. Osteoblast cells reside in the rigid matrix made of collagen fibers and hydroxyapatite crystals. Therefore for the growth of proper functional bone tissue, its utmost necessary that scaffolds provide mechanical response similar to bone matrix. Bone also serves as a mechanical support to the body. Thus scaffolds used for bone tissue engineering should also provide adequate mechanical support to prevent collapse of the ne
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Biresaw, Girma, Terry A. Isbell, and Steven C. Cermak. "Film-Forming Properties of Estolides." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-64089.

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Estolides are biobased materials obtained from synthesis of ingredients derived from agricultural products. They are oligoesters obtained by the reaction of fatty acids and/or methyl esters with a double bond. By varying the chemistries of the starting materials and the reaction conditions, estolides of varying chemical structures, and physical properties are obtained. Estolides have been found to have suitable properties for some lubrication applications. However, the effect of estolide chemical/physical characterstics on its tribological properties have yet to be understood. In this work, th
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Schröder, Arne S., Jessica Steinbacher, Barbara Steigenberger, et al. "Synthesis of a DNA promoter segment containing all four epigenetic nucleosides: 5-methyl-, 5-hydroxymethyl-, 5-formyl-, and 5-carboxy-2’-deoxycytidine." In XVIth Symposium on Chemistry of Nucleic Acid Components. Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/css201414363.

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Kaida, S., T. Miyata, S. Kawabata, et al. "NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE OF THE STAPHYLOCOAGULASE GENE FROM STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS STRAIN BB." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644607.

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Staphylocoagulase (SC) is a secretary protein produced by several strains of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). This protein forms a molecular complex ("staphylothrombin") with human prothrombin in a molar ratio of 1:1. The complex displays the ability to clot fibrinogen and to hydrolyze the synthetic tripeptide substrates for α-thrombin. The formation of staphylothrombin does not require proteolytic cleavage of the prothrombin molecule, and this mechanism differs markedly from the activation process by either blood-clotting factor Xa or snake venom procoagulant.In the present studies, a pAT15
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Han, Sang-Cheol, Kwang-Min Choi, and Sang-Eon Park. "Facile Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica Nanotubes With Amide Type Surfactant." In ASME 2008 2nd Multifunctional Nanocomposites and Nanomaterials International Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mn2008-47070.

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Novel synthetic method for the formation of mesoporous silica nanotubes was proposed using glycyldodecylamide (GDA) as an amino acid surfactant, which enabled to control the tube diameter, wall structure and morphology with the diverse structures of amphiphile due to the capability of H-bonds by forming amide bond. Moreover, this sol-gel transcription process could be elucidated at neutral condition that enabled the recyclable use of surfactant and resulted in unique structures depending on the temperatures of self-assembly.
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Reports on the topic "Formic acid synthesis"

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Kolodziejczyk, Bart. Unsettled Issues Concerning the Use of Green Ammonia Fuel in Ground Vehicles. SAE International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2021003.

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While hydrogen is emerging as a clean alternative automotive fuel and energy storage medium, there are still numerous challenges to implementation, such as the economy of hydrogen production and deployment, expensive storage materials, energy intensive compression or liquefaction processes, and limited trial applications. Synthetic ammonia production, on the other hand, has been available on an industrial scale for nearly a century. Ammonia is one of the most-traded commodities globally and the second most-produced synthetic chemical after sulfuric acid. As an energy carrier, it enables effect
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