Journal articles: 'Forming mold'

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Deringer, Tim, and Dietmar Drummer. "The influence of mold temperature on thermoset in-mold forming." Journal of Polymer Engineering 40, no. 3 (February 25, 2020): 256–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2019-0322.

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AbstractA new process, called thermoset in-mold forming, for combining thermoset master forming and thermoset forming in one mold is in development. A pre-impregnated continuous-fiber reinforced sheet based on epoxy (prepreg) is formed in the injection molding machine, followed by instantaneous overmolding of a short-fiber reinforced epoxy compound in one step. Compared with conventional processes in which thermoset injection molding, prepreg compression molding, and hence curing of the materials are separated, the new process allows for the combination in one step and simultaneous curing of both components. The result is a hybrid component, which features a continuous-fiber reinforced part for higher mechanical performance and a short-fiber reinforced part with high design freedom for integration of additional functions. For a successful combination of both materials in one process, it is essential to investigate the bond strength between them in relation to the processing parameters and their influence on the degree of cure. This paper analyzes the influence of the mold temperature in this process on curing degree, bond strength, and the processing viscosity.

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Liu, Hong Mei, Yuan Bin Xu, Cheng Qun Wu, Ai Dong Zhu, and Jun Qiu Zuo. "Research on the Performance of Silt Sintered Insulating Brick and Key Molding Equipment." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 2002–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.2002.

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Silt sintered insulating brick with high strength, good thermal insulation and sound insulation characteristics. It occupies an important position in the new building materials industry. The main equipment for production of silt sintered insulating brick is the vacuum brick extruding machine, the forming mold is the most critical part in it. The performance largely determines the quality of the brick. The structural design and other aspects of the forming mold are analyzed, and then systematically summarize the design and production requirements of the forming mold. The research status of the forming mold on vacuum brick extruding machine at domestic and abroad is reviewed. The main problems of forming mold are analyzed and the corresponding solutions are given, as well as the future developments of forming mold.

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Huang, Yi Jun, and Geng Xin Yang. "The Applied Study on Hot Runner Technology and Design of Injection Molds." Applied Mechanics and Materials 37-38 (November 2010): 1401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.37-38.1401.

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The hot runner technology is an advanced & applied technology in process of forming of an injection mold. As soon as the hot runner technology is applied in injection molds, it will obtain the aim for optimization of product quality, increasing efficiency of production, saving raw materials, saving energy, decreasing cost of products and so on. The article will mainly discusses the applied study of hot runner technology in injection mold, and has a detailed explanation for the design instances of hot runner technology in injection mold, the suitability of hot runner system and the technological & economical analyses of hot runner molds.

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Jin, Mei Zhen, Jun Hao Li, and Fu Qiang Ying. "Study on Influencing Factors of Tooth Forming Quality for Gear Shaft with Cross Wedge Rolling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 201-202 (October 2012): 1164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.201-202.1164.

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The feature of the gear shaft with Cross wedge rolling technology is high efficiency, low material loss and higher strength of the gear shaft forming. A research model of cross wedge rolling plastic forming adopting tri-dimensional thermal elastic-plastic finite element method is put forward. Forming mold divided into two parts as the wedge-shaped molds and tooth mold is designed. Depending on orthogonal test program, applying Deform-3D to numerical simulate for the gear shaft with cross wedge rolling, the influence of temperature, number of teeth, module and feet rate for gear shaft tooth forming quality is studied. The results are analyzed with the temperature of the workpiece, number of teeth, module and feet rate of the die movement during CWR and the best combination of produce conditions is reached.

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Sung, Si Young, and Young Jig Kim. "Net-Shape Forming of TiAl Automotive Parts for Fuel Efficiency." Materials Science Forum 510-511 (March 2006): 294–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.510-511.294.

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Alpha-case formations between investment molds and TiAl alloys were investigated for economic TiAl alloys net-shape forming. The α-case reactions between mold and TiAl alloys were characterized by using optical microscopy and a hardness tester. In the case of TiAl alloys, there were no α-case formation reactions. The α-case was formed not only by interstitial oxygen elements but also by substitutional metallic elements dissolved from mold materials. There were neither interstitial nor substitutional α-case formations since TiAl alloys have both negligible solubility of oxygen and low activity in molten states. The results of the investment casting of TiAl alloys confirmed that the casting route in our study can be an effective approach for the economic net-shape forming of TiAl alloys automotive parts.

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Guo, Zhi, Zhongde Shan, Feng Liu, Dong Du, and Mengmeng Zhao. "Experimental investigation on the performance and mesostructure of multi-material composite 3D-printed sand mold." Rapid Prototyping Journal 26, no. 2 (October 3, 2019): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-10-2018-0265.

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Purpose In this paper, the effects of the adhesive and curing agent contents on the tensile strength, bending strength, gas evolution and gas permeability of three-dimensional printed sand molds are studied. A strength model of the three-dimensional printed sand molds is proposed. The multi-material composite sand mold forming test is carried out. In addition, the mesostructure of the sand mold is studied. Design/methodology/approach The performances of three-dimensional printed sand mold such as tensile strength, bending strength, gas evolution and gas permeability are studied using the standard test methods. The mesostructure of the sand mold is studied by digital core technology. Findings A sand mold strength model based on the resin adhesive content, curing agent content and sand mold compactness are obtained. Two types of multi-material composite three-dimensional printed sand molds are proposed. An increase in the curing agent content in the sand mold widens the mesoscopic characteristic size distribution of the sand mold, and large-sized mesostructures appear, resulting in a decrease in the sand mold bearing capacity. Practical implications Process parameters that affect the performance of three-dimensional printed sand mold are revealed. The sand mold bearing curve provides a reference for the ultimate design of three-dimensional printed sand mold. Originality/value The paper deals with experimental work on the performance and mesostructure of multi-material composite three-dimensional printed sand mold with different contents of adhesive and curing agent. That gives a perspective on future designs of sand mold based on these principles.

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Zhou, Tian Feng, Ji Wang Yan, and Tsunemoto Kuriyagawa. "Comparing Microgroove Array Forming with Micropyramid Array Forming in the Glass Molding Press." Key Engineering Materials 447-448 (September 2010): 361–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.447-448.361.

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This paper presents a glass molding press (GMP) method to fabricate microgroove array and micropyramid array on the glass plate by replicating the shape of the mold to the glass surface. The differences between microgroove forming and micropyramid forming were investigated by experiments and finite element method (FEM) simulations. Microgroove arrays and micropyramid arrays were generated on the flat glass plate in the GMP process by using an electroless-plated Nickel Phosphorus (Ni-P) mold, on which the microstructures are fabricated by micro cutting. Furthermore, FEM simulations were used to trace the stress distribution and the strain distribution during the glass deformation, which illustrates the glass material flow in the microgrooves and the micropyramids on the mold during pressing. By comparing the processes between microgroove forming and micropyramid forming, the differences between them observed in the experiments were explained by the simulation results. Finally, some techniques to improve the forming accuracy were proposed.

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8

Lin, Wei Shin. "The Reliability Analysis of a Vacuum Forming Mold for IC Packing Bag." Advanced Materials Research 136 (October 2010): 114–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.136.114.

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This article is pointed to the reliability analysis of the vacuum forming mold for plastic carrier tape. The reliability analysis of the vacuum forming mold was decided by the dimension specification of the plastic carrier tape. The reliability design of the vacuum forming mold was preceded according to the reliability requirement. After detail design of the parts which would be manufactured and assembled. The accuracy and performance of the mold had been tested subsequently. The reliability of the mold was conducted by the accuracy of the plastic carrier tape. Through series of inspections and analysis, all the dimension accuracy of the plastic carrier tape met the specification, and vacuum forming mold’s reliability level confirms to design requirement.

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Lin, Wei Shin, Jui Chang Lin, and Jeng Nan Lee. "The Dimension Accuracy Analysis of a Vacuum Forming Mold for IC Packing Bag." Materials Science Forum 628-629 (August 2009): 441–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.628-629.441.

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This article is pointed to the dimension accuracy analysis of the vacuum forming mold for plastic carrier tape. The dimension accuracy of the vacuum forming mold was decided by the dimension specification of the plastic carrier tape. After detail design of the parts which would be manufactured and assembled. The accuracy and performance of the mold had been tested subsequently. The dimension accuracy of the mold was conducted by the accuracy of the plastic carrier tape. Variation of dimensional accuracy of the plastic carrier tape was inspected to evaluate the performance of the vacuum forming mold. Mean and variance test was conducted under the significance level of α = 0.05.Through series of inspections, all the plastic carrier tape met the specification of dimension accuracy which indicated that the precision and performance of the developed vacuum forming mold also met the requirement.

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10

Znamenskij, Leonid G., O. V. Ivochkina, and Aleksey S. Varlamov. "Economical Ceramic Molds in Investment Casting." Materials Science Forum 843 (February 2016): 208–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.843.208.

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Ceramic corundum molds on hydrolysed ethyl silicate solution which have insufficient inertness to poured alloys are widely used in the production of castings from reactive metals alloys. This is due to the presence of free silica, which is a strong oxidant of such alloy components as aluminium and titanium in vacuum conditions, in the form of a high content. To solve the indicated problem using aluminium-borophosphate concentrate, chemically cured with periclase, as a silica free binder of ceramic corundum molds was suggested. The use of the combination of the indicated mold materials allows not only enabling chemical inertness of the molds, but also operating the process of mold forming. The developed technology provides the acceleration of the mold manufacturing cycle in 4...6 times, the increase the strength of the mold covers, the reduction in the heat-resistant alloy casting cost. It enables significant improvement of the quality and increase of the economic efficiency of manufacturing of precision casting from reactive metals and alloys.

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11

Weng, Yung-Jin. "Forming of Dynamic Microstructure of Flexible Polymer." Materials 12, no. 20 (October 12, 2019): 3332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12203332.

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This study focuses on the forming of dynamic microstructure of flexible polymer. The dynamic tensile control microstructure of the polymer mold, along with the gasbag, was used to exert pressure to achieve forming. This study simulated the dynamic control of the flexible mold, and proposed four mechanical models of material viscoelastic response for modeling and evaluation. MATLAB software was used to calculate the imprint prediction calculation theory construction according to the imprint result of curved surface and asymmetric imprint forming. This study designed and developed a gasbag-assisted dynamic forming system, and tested the proposed system for verification. The test results showed that the mechanical stability, curved surface, and asymmetric imprint prediction calculation of the mechanical model of the viscoelastic response of flexible mold material, as proposed in this study, can display the geometric features of the imprinted microstructure. The dynamic mold microstructure control process can accurately transfer a bifacial microstructure and construct the confidence interval for transfer printing forming.

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Liu, Chang Sheng, Hao Ping Zeng, Hai Qing Du, and Wei Fan. "Research on Rapid Manufacturing of Functionally Graded Mold by Electroforming and Arc Spray." Advanced Materials Research 102-104 (March 2010): 175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.102-104.175.

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Functionally graded mold (FGM) is the trend in the development of modern mold. Based on the optimization of electroforming and arc spray forming, a functionally graded mold with the structure of Ni-NiAl-ZnAl-Zn was manufactured, and the microstructure of the mold shell was analyzed. The experiments show that the manufacturing of functionally graded mold by electroforming and arc spray forming is feasible in engineering. The research is of significant value in exploring new manufacturing technology of functionally graded mold.

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Fu, Xiu Juan, and Hong Xia Liu. "Analysis of Forming Defects and Measures to Prevent Forming Defects of Dn40-Type Control Valve." Advanced Materials Research 160-162 (November 2010): 650–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.160-162.650.

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The insufficient filling and shrinkage are often produced in the process of injection molding. These defects cause the production efficiency to reduce and production cost to rise. In this paper, the forming process of Dn40-type control valve is analyzed to find the main reason for such forming defects by using CAE tools and comparing with the good forming process of a Dn50-type control valve. Results show that big difference between wall thicknesses and bad exhaust system in injection mold is the main reasons for insufficient filling. In the meantime, measures to prevent defects are investigated. Modifying the local structure of the injection mold is provided to avoid the defects. Using reasonable parameters in the injecting process and modified injection mold, the injection product have a smooth surface and good forming. The experiment verified the feasibility of the measure for prevention of defects.

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Chmiela, Bartosz, and Stanisław Roskosz. "Non-Metallic Inclusions in Castings Made of Nickel-Base Superalloys." Solid State Phenomena 212 (December 2013): 211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.212.211.

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The paper presents investigations concerning causes of non-metallic inclusions forming in castings made of nickel-base superalloys. The most common reason of inclusions forming is erosion and thermal decomposition of crucibles and molds by the action of liquid alloy. In case of superalloys containing reactive elements (Hf), many reactions at the alloy-crucible and alloy-mold interfaces take place.

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Brinksmeier, Ekkard, Oltmann Riemer, Christian Robert, and Sven Twardy. "Advanced Machining Processes for Micro Mold Fabrication." Key Engineering Materials 523-524 (November 2012): 1018–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.523-524.1018.

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This paper presents two alternative approaches in mold making for micro forming processes. The quality of formed micro parts is mainly dominated by the process parameters and the surface characteristics of the applied forming tools. Forming dies with advanced micro structures can improve the result of forming processes compared to tools with smooth surfaces. Here an approach of micro ball end milling is described to generate the macro geometry as well as an engineered surface texture on micro forming tools in one machining step. In addition to the surface topography, the die material has a decisive influence on the forming result and durability of the forming tool. Therefore single crystalline diamond represents an promissing material for forming tools, because of its unique material characteristics. On the other hand single crystalline diamond requires unreasonable high efforts for its geometrical shaping. Therefore, this paper will introduce a new approach to machine single crystalline diamond by thermo-chemical material removal.

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Guo, Li Jun, Zhong De Shan, and Er Biao Jiang. "Effect of Pattern-Less Forming Process on Quality of Sand Mold Surface." Materials Science Forum 1001 (July 2020): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1001.115.

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The pattern-less sand mold was used as the research object, surface quality of sand mold was carried out by using surface abrasion tester. In this paper, the influence of sand material such as the types of sand, resin contents and extrusion pressure on the surface quality was studied through the single-factor test. The results showed that: different sand mold had different surface abrasive resistance. The angle coefficient of sand has a great influence on the surface abrasive resistance of the sand mold. With the increase of extrusion force, the surface abrasive resistance of sand mold increased. And as the resin content increased, the surface abrasive resistance of sand mold continued to increase.

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Huang, Di, and Jiaxiang Man. "Laser Shock Induced Deformation of Copper Foil on Diverse Molds and the Cross-Sectional Microstructure Changes." Coatings 10, no. 12 (December 21, 2020): 1264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10121264.

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The microscale structures prepared on copper foil by laser shock deformation was introduced in the paper. The various sizes of hexagonal structures were successfully fabricated on copper foil with different molds. The influence of laser energy on the deformation depth of a hexagonal structure was studied using experiments. The morphology of the hexagonal structures on copper foil was observed by a three-dimensional profilometer, and mechanical property were characterized by a nanoindenter. A finite element model was established in order to describe the copper foil forming mechanism on mold and calculate the residual stress distribution. The microstructures and cross-section deformation of copper foil on different molds were also observed. The results indicated that the depth of hexagonal structures on 50# mold was higher than that of the structures on 100# mold and 230# mold, and the depth of hexagonal structures increased with the increasing of pulse laser energy. The copper foil above the mold hexagon side was bent and thinned after laser shock, and the grains of copper foil were also refining. The mechanical properties of copper foil were improved after laser shock was performed on the mold.

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Dessenberger, Richard B., and Charles L. Tucker. "Ideal Forming Analysis for Random Fiber Preforms." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 125, no. 1 (February 1, 2003): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1536658.

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In resin transfer molding, the manufacture of the fiber preform controls many aspects of part quality. These include defects such as wrinkling and tearing, as well as spatial variations in fiber volume fraction and permeability. We develop a mathematical model and numerical method for analyzing preforming of random fiber mats. The model uses an ideal forming theory, which maps a fiber sheet to the mold surface by minimizing the integral of a formability function over the mold surface. The scalar formability function depends on the local deformation, and exhibits large values under conditions that promote either tearing or wrinkling of the mat. The model is implemented as a finite element simulation for arbitrarily shaped three-dimensional preforms. Results include the shape of the initial fiber sheet, and values of the formability function and the principal stretch ratios over the mold surface. This information is used to predict the presence of defects in the preform. Example calculations are shown for an axisymmetric hat shape and for a box with a flange. The calculation requires a modest amount of input data and, rather than predict the exact result of the forming operation, it shows the best result that is possible. Thus, it is a useful tool in the early stages of part and mold design.

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Li, Xiang, Jun Cai, and De Yuan Zhang. "Study on the Manufacturing Method of the Biomimetic Drag Reducing Morphology Replication Mold." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 2533–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.2533.

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In order to manufacture the drag reducing morphology replication mold used for biomimetic drag reducing film fabrication, the real shark skin and micro riblets machined with ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting (UEVC) were used as templates respectively, followed by the casting process. The manufacturing process and the morphology quality of the molds was studied, and the biomimetic drag reducing effect and suitable application field was analyzed. The result indicates that: the bio-replicated forming mold based on shark skin is superior in morphology similarity with the real shark skin; the UEVC mold can achieve simplified riblets with high quality, and is feasible for large area mold manufacture and riblets spacing adjustment. The riblets morphology made with UEVC has wider application field than the shark shin morphology because of its flexibility of spacing adjustment.

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Bai, Xi Ping. "The Forming Method of Cylindrical Parts with Bars." Applied Mechanics and Materials 155-156 (February 2012): 712–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.155-156.712.

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Through analyzing the forming process of cylindrical parts with bars, put forward conditions of such parts upsetting pressure bulging, How to use a mold to complete the forming of such a complex of bars, and describes the structure of the mold and work processes. By reducing the stamping process, improve productivity and reduce production costs, in the application easy to spread, and achieved good economic benefits.

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Gao, Bin, Xiu Rong Nan, and Bai Zhong Wu. "Process Optimization for Suction Plastic Forming of In-Mold Decoration Plastic Sheet with CAE." Advanced Materials Research 102-104 (March 2010): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.102-104.74.

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The suction plastic forming process for in-mold decoration plastic sheet has been the best process for thin-shell plastic exterior decoration parts. But the suction plastic forming products still suffers from the uneven thickness. Based on the general finite element analysis software POLYFLOW for viscoelastic fluid, a set of optimization methods for suction plastic forming process of in-mold decoration plastic sheet is introduced in this paper to reduce the uneven level of thickness. These methods include establishing process optimization scheme, building mesh model, selecting the material constitutive model and determining its parameters, imposing boundary conditions and blowing pressure, and applying the mold movement. Finally, the optimized suction plastic forming process is used to produce the in-mold decoration plastic rear bumper sample of an automobile, and the results show that optimized process is effective and applicable.

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Zhou, Tian Feng, Zhi Qiang Liang, Xi Bin Wang, and Tunemoto Kuriyagawa. "Experiment on Glass Microgroove Molding by Using Polycrystalline Nickel Phosphorus Mold." Advanced Materials Research 797 (September 2013): 483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.797.483.

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This paper aims at increasing the forming accuracy of microgrooves by using electroless plated Nickel Phosphorus (Ni-P) as the mold material in glass molding press (GMP) process. The mechanical characteristics and the performance of amorphous Nickel Phosphorus (a-Ni-P) plating layer were experimentally tested. In order to bring down the deformation of the a-Ni-P mold and increase the forming accuracy of microgroove molding, polycrystalline Nickel Phosphorus (c-Ni-P) was developed by heat treatment. With the increase of the hardness after crystallization, the plating layer shape changes due to the heat treatment, and the strategy to deal with the deformation and the techniques to produce c-Ni-P mold are generalized. Finally, the performance of c-Ni-P mold was experimentally tested, which confirms that c-Ni-P is an excellent mold material for glass microgroove forming.

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Taniguchi, Hirokazu, Michio Endo, Iisao Arikata, and Koji Akafuji. "Development of No-Swabbing Mold for Glass-Forming." Materia Japan 34, no. 4 (1995): 480–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia.34.480.

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Shiomi, Masanori, and Tomohiro Fukaya. "Forming of Aluminum Foams by Using Rotating Mold." Procedia Engineering 81 (2014): 664–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.10.057.

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Karohika, I. Made Gatot, and I. Nyoman Gde Antara. "Proses Pembentukan Gasket berlapis dengan Metode Elemen Hingga." Jurnal Energi Dan Manufaktur 11, no. 2 (October 29, 2018): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jem.2018.v11.i02.p06.

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Perkembangan metode elemen hingga memberikan kemudahan bagi para peneliti untuk memprediksi proses dan hasil forming suatu produk sehingga kegagalan bisa dicegah lebih awal dan biaya karena cacat produk bisa dihindari. Pada penelitian ini, proses forming metal gasket three-layer bentuk bergelombang akan di investigasi dengan analisa simulasi yang menggunakan metode elemen hingga. Kesesuaian bentuk produk gasket dengan cetakan mempengaruhi performance gasket tersebut saat proses tightening. Dimensi cetakan gasket menggunakan cetakan gasket 400MPa-mode dengan variasi ketebalan surface layer. Base material menggunakan SUS304 dan surface layer menggunakan ratio modulus elastis 0.1 dan 0.5. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa gasket forming tidak memenuhi cetakan dan pada bagian puncak gelombang gasket terjadi lekukan. Besarnya lekukan pada puncak gelombang menurun dengan naiknya ketebalan surface layer. The development of finite element methods help the researchers to predict the process and the result of product forming so that failure can be prevented earlier and costs due to product defects can be avoided. In this study, the process of forming metal gaskets of corrugated three-layer forms will be investigated by simulation analysis using finite element method. The suitability of the shape of the gasket product with the mold affects the performance of the gasket during the tightening process. Gasket mold dimensions use 400MPa-mode gasket molds with surface layer thickness variations. Base material using SUS304 and surface layer using Aluminum. The simulation results show that the forming gasket did not fill the mold and at the peak of the gasket convex occurs indentation. The amount of indentation at the convex of the wave decreases with the increase in surface layer thickness.

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Gan, Zhong, Yu Ping Wu, Jia Zan Zhu, and Hai Bing Tan. "Structure of Mold Surface for Stress Relaxation Forming of Integral Panel of 2124 Aluminum Alloy." Applied Mechanics and Materials 152-154 (January 2012): 140–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.152-154.140.

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This paper proposed a method and process of stress relaxation forming based on initial geometric springback compensation-finite element optimization-revision by experiment iteration. Obtained material parameters of 2124 aluminum alloy by a series of foundation craft experiments; springback law on the structure of 2124 aluminum alloy by foundation experiment of autoclave forming of T test specimens, that use to compensate the mold surface with the geometric springback. The precision of the geometric springback compensation of the mold surface is about 3 mm; while after the finite element iteration optimization on the mold surface with the initial geometric springback compensation, the deviation of that between the testing date and the theory appearance of specimens can reach the magnitude about ±1.2 mm. Next use the mold “frequency domain” revision algorithm based on experiment iteration to revise local mold surface of the stress relaxation forming. The testing date shows the precision control in ±0.5 mm that satisfied with the application of engineering.

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Namdari, Navid, and Peiman Mosaddegh. "Experimental and simulation studies on the mold replicability in the thermoforming process." Journal of Polymer Engineering 39, no. 4 (March 26, 2019): 397–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2018-0016.

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Abstract In the precision thermoforming process, one of the main drawbacks occurs in the profile deviation of the produced part. In this study, the effect of different thermoforming process parameters on the mold replicability of a high impact polystyrene container produced by vacuum forming and drape forming processes has been experimentally and numerically investigated. According to experimental results, in the drape forming process, when the initial sheet thickness increases, the part will have higher mold replicability, whereas in the vacuum forming process, by increasing the initial sheet thickness, the mold replicability increases and reaches its peak, then decreases. The results also indicate that both temperature and vacuum pressure exhibit the most significant effect on mold replicability of the part. Furthermore, the finite element method is utilized by the implementation of a fully thermomechanically coupled hyperviscoelastic constitutive model in ABAQUS 6.13. By using this material model, it is possible to compare the sensitivity of the output (mold replicability of the part) to the changes in the range of the process parameters. The simulation results verified by the experimental data and the hyperviscoelastic model showed to be an outstanding and stable platform for the process simulation.

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Sung, Si Young, Bong Jae Choi, and Young Jig Kim. "Titanium Alloys Casting for Structural Application." Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (June 2007): 1449–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.1449.

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The aim of this study is to clarify the metal-mold reaction for the economic net-shape forming of titanium and titanium alloys. The metal-mold reactions between pure titanium, TiAl alloys and Al2O3 mold were examined in a plasma arc melting furnace. The alpha-case generation between pure titanium and Al2O3 mold could not be explained by the conventional α-case formation mechanism, which is known to be formed by the interstitials, especially oxygen dissolved from mold materials. However, based on the interstitial and substitutional α-case formation mechanism, the α-case formation between pure titanium and Al2O3 mold, and α-case free casting of TiAl alloys against Al2O3 mold can be explained. On the basis of the interstitial and substitutional α-case formation mechanism, α-case controlled net-shape forming of titanium and TiAl alloys can be possible for the structural materials.

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Zhang, Ling Yun, and Dong Hui Li. "Based on Abaqus of Simulating and Analyzing the Incremental Forming Method of Water Jet." Applied Mechanics and Materials 401-403 (September 2013): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.401-403.69.

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With the rapid development and widespread use of water jet technology, the water jet forming method is also got attention by the manufacturing industry. Its advantage is no need for manufacturing the mold and forming directly, applies to small batch production. This paper is mainly study the finite element simulation of water jet forming method. The essential factor of water jet forming process simulation is to simplify the mold in reasonable mechanics method. Compared with existing experimental data to verify the accuracy of the model, and analyze the characteristics of the water jet forming.

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ERDOGAN, AHMET, and SELAHATTIN SERT. "Mycotoxin-Forming Ability of Two Penicillium roqueforti Strains in Blue Moldy Tulum Cheese Ripened at Various Temperatures." Journal of Food Protection 67, no. 3 (March 1, 2004): 533–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-67.3.533.

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Isolated and identified toxigenic and nontoxigenic Penicillium roqueforti (PR) strains from moldy tulum cheeses were inoculated into tulum cheeses made in the laboratory and ripened at 5 and 12°C. Mycotoxin (patulin, penicillic acid, PR toxin, and roquefortine) formation in the control and mold-inoculated cheeses were detected by thin-layer chromatography on the first through fourth months of ripening. Patulin, penicillic acid, and PR toxin were not detected in the experimental cheeses. Only roquefortine was detected in cheese inoculated with the toxigenic strain of the mold and ripened at 5 and 12°C on the third and first months of ripening, respectively. Toxin in cheeses ripened at 5 and 12°C was 2.1 to 2.4 and 2.1 to 3.8 mg/kg cheese, respectively.

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Sorek, A., and Z. Kudliński. "The Influence of the Near-Meniscus Zone in Continuous Casting Mold on the Surface Quality of the Continuous Casting Ingots." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 57, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 371–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10172-012-0036-1.

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The Influence of the Near-Meniscus Zone in Continuous Casting Mold on the Surface Quality of the Continuous Casting IngotsThe physical, chemical and mechanical phenomena which take place in the near-meniscus zone of continuous casting mold are the significant factors influencing the quality of CC ingot and especially the quality of its surface. Such phenomena consist of the following processes: lubrication of the ingot surface by the liquid slag-forming phase of mold powder, creation of meniscus, formation of the specific kind of galvanic cell and connected with this cell ions migration of liquid mold powder. Application of the mold powders is the commonly used lubrication method of the surface of CC ingots in mold (in near-meniscus zone). According to the ionic structure theory of the liquid metallurgical slags the following thesis can be formulated: the liquid slag-forming phase of mold powder is the ionic liquid. The ionic liquid occurs between two metals: the copper wall of mold and the steel surface of ingot can create a specific kind of galvanic cell in the upper part of mold (the near-meniscus zone of mold). The paper presents results of industrial research of low-carbon steel continuous casting. The electromotive force of galvanic cell situated in the upper (near-meniscus) part of CC mold was measured. Moreover, the influence of applied powders with different alkalinity on the character of oscillatory marks forming on the ingot surface was considered. The galvanic cell, which is created in the upper part of mold in the near-meniscus zone, can cause the essential change of the chemical composition of electrolyte (liquid phase of mold powder) in the near-electrodes zones. So in the process the condition of lubrication and character of obtained oscillatory mark can also be changed.

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Chen, Dyi Cheng, Fung Ling Nian, Jiun Ru Shiu, and Wen Hsuan Ku. "Study of Forging Forming of 7075 Aluminum Alloy Bicycle Pedal." Advanced Materials Research 579 (October 2012): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.579.101.

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Forging is simple and inexpensive in mass production. Metallic materials are processed through plastic deformation. This not only changes the appearance but also changes the internal organization of materials that improve mechanical properties. However, regarding manufacturing of plastic products, many processing factors must be controlled to obtain the required plastic strain and desired tolerance values. In this paper, we employed rigid-plastic finite element (FE) DEFORMTM software to investigate the plastic deformation behavior of an aluminum alloy (A7075) workpiece as it used to forge bicycle pedals. First we use Solid works 2010 3D graphics software to design the bicycle pedal of the mold and appearance, moreover import finite element (FE) DEFORMTM 3D software for analysis. The paper used rigid-plastic model analytical methods, and assuming mode to be rigid body. A series of simulation analyses in which the variables depend on different temperatures of the forging billet, round radius size of ram, punch speed, and mold temperature were revealed to confirm the predicted aluminum grain structure, effective stress, effective strain, and die radial load distribution for forging a bicycle pedal. The analysis results can provide references for forming bicycle pedal molds. Finally, this study identified the finite element results for high-strength design suitability of a 7075 aluminum alloy bicycle pedal.

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Prikhod’ko, O. G., V. B. Deev, E. S. Prusov, and A. I. Kutsenko. "Influence of thermophysical characteristics of alloy and mold material on castings solidification rate." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 63, no. 5 (July 1, 2020): 327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2020-5-327-334.

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Obtaining castings of given quality is the main task of foundry production. One of the stages of casting technology is solidification of melt in the mold. When studying the process of castings solidification, it is necessary to fully take into account all the features of heat transfer between casting and mold. Influence of various thermophysical parameters of alloy and mold material on casting formation is considered. In the analysis, original mathematical models were used to calculate the coefficient and time of complete solidification of castings in sand-clay and metal forms. These models take into account geometric parameters of casting, main thermophysical parameters of casting metal and mold material, heat transfer conditions at crystallization front, on casting-mold boundary and on the mold surface. Analysis of dependence of time and rate of castings solidification on thermophysical parameters (heat capacity, density, heat conductivity of casting material and mold, specific heat of metal crystallization) was carried out. Storage capacity and process of heat storage are quite fully characterized by the value of heat storage coefficient. This coefficient practically determines the rate of heat loss by the casting which plays a decisive role in its properties forming. Therefore, this parameter is selected for a comprehensive analysis of thermal processes occurring in casting and mold. The influence of thickness and thermal conductivity of chill paint layer on solidification of castings in metal molds is considered. The basic calculation formulas and initial data are presented. Calculations were carried out for castings of the following types: endless plate, endless cylinder, ball. The results of simulation of solidification process parameters are presented in graphic form. Using various alloys as an example, it has been shown by calculation that when changing composition and properties of mold material, it is possible to change time and speed of alloys solidification in a wide range. In this case, processes of forming the structure and properties of castings are controlled.

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Du, Wei, Guo Sen Yuan, and Cheng Bin Li. "Research of Die Cavity Warm Extrusion on 3Cr2W8V Steel One-Off Forming Technology." Advanced Materials Research 418-420 (December 2011): 1270–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.418-420.1270.

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The problems of 3Cr2W8V steel concave die forging production must be solved, such as too many procedures, high cost and mold crack. Through the use of a warm extrusion forming method it could make one-off forming die cavity come true, more practical warm extrusion forming parameters and extrusion die structure parameters were obtained. A suitable lubricant was selected out so that the processed forging die organization was improved and forging streamline distribution was more rational. The service life of forging die increased, and warm extrusion forming technology was applied in the mold production.

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Liu, Ying Chun. "Aluminum Parts Based on Solidworks Edge Shape Analysis and Mold Design." Advanced Materials Research 971-973 (June 2014): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.971-973.11.

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1060 pure aluminium material parts after blanking, deep drawing, flanging with crimping mold edge forming, through process analysis and calculation, determine the blank, bending force, and choose to press. Mould structure analysis, and carries on the edge of major parts of the mold design, mold assembly drawing.

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Ma, Mengying, Shunjin Qin, Jintang Shang, Chunwei Zhang, Li Zhang, Dong Chen, and Chiming Lai. "Preparation of a Wafer-level Micro Polymer Lens Array With Improved Performance Using a Low Cost Glass Mold." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2013, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 000878–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2013-thp42.

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In our work, polymer-based micro lens arrays with spacers were innovativly fabricated by low cost wafer-level glass-silicon molds. The upper glass mold was prepared by a well-controlled hot forming process (HFP) combined with a chemical foaming process (CFP). The under silicon mold was formed by an etching process. Before dispensing UV-curable glue between the two concave molds, the contact surface should be coated with an anti-stick layer. After UV curing and de-molding, the micro lens arrays were successfully fabricated. The lenses were inspected by an atomic force microscope(AFM), a white light interferometer and a beam analyzer. The results demonstrate the excellent quality of surface roughness and optical characteristics. This study indicates the potential of this novel molding process for industrial production.

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Wang, Guo Tian, Ming Xing Ren, Bang Sheng Li, and Heng Zhi Fu. "The Research of Gypsum Investment Mould Used as Forming Micro-Castings." Key Engineering Materials 609-610 (April 2014): 557–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.609-610.557.

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By applying ultrasonic solidification, gypsum based micro casting mold with different chemical compositions were sintered at different temperatures. The influence of processing parameters and sintering temperature on the microstructure and surface roughness were investigated. Meanwhile, the effect of sintering temperature on the bending strength was studied. The result showed that the nucleation rate of gypsum can be significantly improved under high temperature and pressure, which was caused by the effect of ultrasonic cavitation. Under the frequency of 100 KHz and the power of 200 W, 20 min, the morphology of gypsum transfers from flake and needle into near spherical after 20 min, and the grain size can be refined to around 500 nm. The value node of surface roughness occurs at the sintering temperature of 600 °C. The surface roughness is the lowest when the gypsum content is 60% and under the sintering temperature of 600 °C, which can reach Ra ~ 0.22 um. The bending strength of mold roughly increased with the increase of content of gypsum. There is no obvious rule for the mold strength with the change of sintering temperature. The mold strength reaches the highest value when the sintering temperature is 600°C.

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Anzai, Masahiro. "Special Issue on Die and Mold Technology." International Journal of Automation Technology 4, no. 5 (September 5, 2010): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2010.p0414.

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Mass-produced items such as cars, consumer electronics, electronic parts, precision instruments, office supplies, and daily necessities are invariably connected to dies and molds – basic manufacturing technology whose quality determines product quality. Die and mold production is difficult due to product complexity and high-precision requirement. Advances in processing and elemental technology such as machine tools and CAD/CAM software determine whether die and mold products are acceptability and the level of production techniques in the country of manufacture. This special issue focuses on advanced die and mold manufacturing technology. Among the many interesting papers are those on machining and measurement of texture, fabrication of parts using welding, high-speed servo press, CAM system for metal forming, surface inspection system, development of liner motor machining centers, and machine tools. We are certain that you will find this issue both interesting and informative. We thank the authors for their generous cooperation and the editing staff for their many helpful suggestions.

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YAMAGUCHI, Koichi. "Forming Troubles Such as Mold Pollution and Preventable Techniques." NIPPON GOMU KYOKAISHI 90, no. 2 (2017): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2324/gomu.90.47.

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Yu Konyuhov, V., A. M. Gladkih, I. I. Galyautdinov, and E. I. Shchadova. "Calculations of efficiency in implementing progressive mold forming methods." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 760 (February 7, 2020): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/760/1/012027.

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TAKINO, Hideo, and Kouta SUZUKI. "Surface forming of lens-array mold by indentation method." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2016 (2016): S1310106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2016.s1310106.

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Sivak, B. A. "Interaction of Forming Thin Slab with Mold Working Surface." Metallurgist 57, no. 11-12 (March 2014): 1095–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11015-014-9851-0.

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Zhang, Jie, Duan Chen, Jiayao Guo, Matthew M. Sartin, Zhong-Qun Tian, Zhao-Wu Tian, and Dongping Zhan. "Mold forming of multilevel nanogratings by electrochemical buckling microfabrication." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 872 (September 2020): 114273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114273.

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SAKAI, Kota, Yuki NOGUCHI, and Takayuki YAMADA. "Topology optimization for mold forming considering parting surfaces design." Proceedings of Design & Systems Conference 2020.30 (2020): 2107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmedsd.2020.30.2107.

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Shiomi, Masanori, and Tomohiro Fukaya. "Influence of Gravity and Mold Shape on Molding of Aluminum Foams." Advanced Materials Research 875-877 (February 2014): 1280–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.875-877.1280.

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A molding process of aluminum foams by using a rotating mold is proposed in order to improve the mold filling and forming process for light-weight parts of vehicles. Aluminum powder mixed with a foaming agent is extruded into the mold through the die heated to a temperature higher than the melting point, and the mold is filled with the aluminum foam. When the diameter of a cylindrical mold is large, the influence of gravity is significant and the mold is not filled successfully. In the proposed molding, the aluminum foam is extruded into the rotating mold of large diameter and the volumetric ratio of foam to mold cavity is improved. However, the effect of the mold rotation on the mold filling is limited due to friction.

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Kuang, Wei Hua, and Ju Liang Liu. "Forming Process and Technology Research of Mobile Telephone Frame." Applied Mechanics and Materials 20-23 (January 2010): 1401–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.20-23.1401.

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Injection molding is widely used to produce a variety of parts, from the smallest component to entire body panels of cars. It has some advantages, including high production rates, repeatable high tolerances, ability to use a wide range of materials, low labour cost and minimal scrap loss. As a case, the paper introduced the application of MoldFlow software in injection molding development of the mobile telephone frame. Best gate location was obtained. The numerical simulation provided scientific and valuable injection process information. At last, a multi-cavity injection mold for mobile telephone frame was designed, and the NC machining of the mold core was programmed by UG NX software.

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Lin, Huey Jiuan, Fu Yuan Hsu, Chun Yu Chiu, Chien Kuo Liu, and Ruey Yi Lee. "Simulation of Glass Molding Process for Planar Type SOFC Sealing Devices." Key Engineering Materials 573 (September 2013): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.573.131.

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The glass sealant with pre-forming frame structure, used for joining dissimilar materials of planar type SOFC devices, was fabricated by molding process. The flow phenomena during glass molding were investigated by computational modeling. The physical properties of glass sealant fluid were constructed in numerical models. The process parameters, such as mold pressing velocity, initial glass fluid temperature (or viscosity of glass sealant), and initial mold temperature, were examined. As results, the sealants formability could be characterized by molten glass temperature, near the gap between upper and lower molds. If the temperature is greater than its glass transformation temperature Tg, the formability become better, and vice versa. Keywords: solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), computational modeling, glass sealant.

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Liu, Yun Ling. "Research on Modeling Design in Composite Molding." Applied Mechanics and Materials 608-609 (October 2014): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.608-609.36.

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According to the design of composite mould manufacturing technology, the paper discusses the present situation and development trends of domestic and international research, focuses on the analysis of forming processes for composite materials, composite molding technology. At the same time, this paper presents a design method of composite technology of INVAR steel mold structure based on multi point forming of RTM technology, this method can well solve the design and manufacturing of composite mold problems.

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Liu, Feng, Zhong De Shan, Chao Yi Wang, and Lei Ming Chen. "Research on Rapid Manufacturing Technology of Complicated Casting Mold without Pattern." Advanced Materials Research 774-776 (September 2013): 1418–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.774-776.1418.

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In 21th century, the product upgrading becomes faster and faster. The development of varieties of production needs rapid manufacturing technology. The rapid fabrication of sand mold & core is the key of rapid casting. In this paper, the rapid manufacturing technology without pattern was applied to produce the complicated sand molds & cores of pump case. The digital precision forming technology without pattern casting was selected to mill the outer sand mold. And the Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) technology was used to print the sand core. So the complicated sand molds and cores were fabricated rapidly without pattern. As a typical digital manufacturing technology, the rapid manufacturing technology without pattern has a variety of benefits such as short cycle, low cost, flexibility and so on. The technology that combines the sand milling and SLS provides a high-efficiency method for the Single and small batch castings.

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Wang, Xi Kui, Yi Mei, Xi Chang Wang, and Li Quan Yang. "The Study and Application on Injection Mold Design of Side Holes Plastic Parts." Advanced Materials Research 706-708 (June 2013): 366–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.706-708.366.

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According to the problem of core-pulling in the injection mold design of side holes plastic parts, analyzed the structural features and forming process of side holes plastics. Introduced the injection mold structure of side holes plastics, the design essentials and working process of the injection mold, then reasonable mold structure and side core-pulling mechanism ware designed. The design of inclined guide pillar core-pulling and combined core mechanism reduced the die cost and made the manufacture convenient.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Forming mold'

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