Relevant bibliographies by topics / Formulation design

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Formulation design'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 21 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Formulation design"

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Wright, Harry Charles, Duncan Drummond Cameron, and Anthony John Ryan. "Rational Design of a Polyurethane Foam." Polymers 14, no. 23 (2022): 5111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14235111.

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Polyurethane (PU) foams are exceptionally versatile due to the nature of PU bond formation and the large variety of polymeric backbones and formulation components such as catalysts and surfactants. This versatility introduces a challenge, namely a near unlimited number of variables for formulating foams. In addition to this, PU foam development requires expert knowledge, not only in polyurethane chemistry but also in the art of evaluating the resulting foams. In this work, we demonstrate that a rational experimental design framework in conjunction with a design of experiments (DoE) approach reduces both the number of experiments required to understand the formulation space and reduces the need for tacit knowledge from a PU expert. We focus on an in-depth example where a catalyst and two surfactants of a known formulation are set as factors and foam physical properties are set as responses. An iterative DoE approach is used to generate a set of foams with substantially different cell morphology and hydrodynamic behaviour. We demonstrate that with 23 screening formulations and 16 final formulations, foam physical properties can be modelled from catalyst and surfactant loadings. This approach also allows for the exploration of relationships between the cell morphology of PU foam and its hydrodynamic behaviour.
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Lane, M. E., J. Hadgraft, G. Oliveira, R. Vieira, D. Mohammed, and K. Hirata. "Rational formulation design." International Journal of Cosmetic Science 34, no. 6 (2012): 496–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2494.2012.00747.x.

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Lopalco, Antonio, and Nunzio Denora. "Paediatric Formulation: Design and Development." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 19 (2020): 7118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21197118.

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The development of medicines designed for children can be challenging since this distinct patient population requires specific needs. A formulation designed for paediatric patients must consider the following aspects: patient population variability; dose flexibility; route of administration; patient compliance; drug and excipient tolerability. The purpose of this Special Issue entitled “Paediatric Formulation: Design and Development” is to provide an update on both state-of-the-art methodology and operational challenges in the design and development of paediatric formulations. It aims at re-evaluating what is needed for more progress in the design and development of age-appropriate treatments for paediatric diseases, focusing on: formulation development; drug delivery design; efficacy, safety, and tolerability of drugs and excipients. This editorial, briefly, summarizes the objects of nine original research and review papers published in this Special Issue.
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Manish Wani, Akshay Baheti, Satish Polshettiwar, Tanaji Nandgude, Aarti Shastri, and Yogita Ozarde. "Design and Evaluation of Flurbiprofen Micro-Emulsion Based Gel." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 4 (2020): 7293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i4.3868.

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Flurbiprofen via oral route has many side effects. Many inflammatory infections occur locally and close to the body's surface, so topical application of flurbiprofen is advantageous. Still, intact skin acts as a barrier and hampers skin penetration of the drug. Present objective of this work was to reduce the adverse effect of flurbiprofen and increase its bioavailability by formulating Flurbiprofen microemulsion based gel, evaluating it for its Physico-chemical properties and then finally conducting its in-vitro and animal studies to determine its efficiency. Arachis oil was selected as an oil phase as flurbiprofen showed maximum solubility in it. Microemulsion formulations (A1 to A9) were prepared by varying the qty of tween 80 (as a surfactant) and propylene glycol (as co-surfactant). Microemulsions which were found to give satisfactory results w.r.t microemulsion formation (F1 to F5) were converted to microemulsion gel using Carbopol 934 as gel base. The ability of different microemulsions to penetrate flurbiprofen through the skin was in-vitro evaluated. All the formulations were evaluated for their quantity of drug present in the formulation, pH, Viscosity, Spreadability, in vitro diffusion study. Formula F4, which showed good Physico-chemical properties, was subjected to anti-inflammatory study. Results showed that pH, spreadability, viscosity and amount of active ingredient present in formulations were in an acceptable limit. The standard calibration curve for flurbiprofen depicts the linear association between concentration and absorbance. The formulation F4 has the highest % release, 90.54% also showed a higher % inhibition of paw oedema after 4 hrs than marketed formulation.
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Nandhini, J., and AN Rajalakshmi. "Formulation development of methylprednisolone dispersible tablets using quality by design approach." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 1-s (2019): 229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i1-s.2328.

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The objective of this study was to enhance the solubility of Methylprednisolone by choosing micronized form of drug and to enhance patient compliance by formulating it as dispersible tablets using quality by design (QbD) approach. Dispersible tablets of Methylprednisolone were developed by 23 factorial design. In this study independent variables were concentrations of MCC 102, CCS and Magnesium stearate and dependent variables were disintegration time, hardness and dissolution. The resulting data was fitted into Design Expert Software (Trial Version) and analyzed statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The response surface plots were generated to determine the influence of concentration of MCC 102, CCS and magnesium stearate on responses. The tablets were prepared by direct compression method by choosing micronized form of drug and formulations were evaluated for the standard of dispersible tablets. Results showed that no significant drug-polymer interactions in FTIR studies. According to QbD suggestion the formulation O1 (Desirability- 0.73) with MCC-38mg, CCS-3.5mg and magnesium stearate-2.5mg was formulated and evaluated. The disintegration time was found to be 69 seconds, hardness was found to be 64N and in vitro dissolution with in 30minutes. Optimized O1 formulation was within the limits of standards of dispersible tablets with increased water solubility and better patient compliance. Stability study on optimized O1 formulation showed that there is no significant changes during study period. Thus, O1 formulation was found to be stable. The study indicates that formulation of Methylprednisolone dispersible tablets by using QbD approach is a promising formulation development method.
 Keywords: Dispersible tablets, Methylprednisolone, Direct compression, Quality by Design and ANOVA.
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Kraisit, Pakorn, and Narong Sarisuta. "Optimization of Diclofenac Sodium-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) Using the Box-Behnken Design." Key Engineering Materials 901 (October 8, 2021): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.901.137.

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This study aimed to prepare diclofenac sodium (DCF)–loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) (DCF-loaded NLCs) for optimizing the NLCs by using the Box-Behnken design. A hot emulsification method using an ultrasonic probe was employed to prepare DCF-loaded NLCs. The active ingredient, solid lipid, oil, and emulsifier were DCF, glyceryl monostearate (GMS) (X1), oleic acid (X2), and polysorbate 80 (X3), respectively. The DCF-loaded NLCs had particle sizes of 69.29–187.3 nm. The polydispersity index (PDI) was in the range of 0.216–0.516, indicating a relatively narrow size distribution. The zeta potential of all formulations revealed the negative charge and ranged between -26.0 and -42.13 mV. The percentage encapsulation efficiency (%EE) was 92.71%–104.21%. The responses of all model formulations were created and the optimized formulation was selected by Design-Expert® software. The optimal formulation was composed of 2 g GMS, 0.926 g oleic acid, and 2.724 g polysorbate 80. The particle size and PDI experimental values with the optimal formulation did not differ from those predicted and were within the 95% CI. Therefore, the Box-Behnken design could be efficient in formulating and optimizing DCF-loaded NLCs.
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Das, Sudipta, Keya Sarkar, Baishali Ghosh, and Chandrima Saha. "Design, Formulation and Evaluation of Diclofenac Diethylamine Gel." Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine 8, no. 1 (2022): 4–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.51152/jbarbiomed.v8i1.210.

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The goal of this study was to produce a topical gel formulation of Diclofenac diethylamine using various gelling agents, such as carbopol 934, Sodium Carboxy methyl cellulose, and alovera extract, to reduce the gastrointestinal side effects associated with oral administration. Topical medication administration can be accomplished by integrating into the gel matrix, preventing first-pass metabolism and allowing for greater local action in anti-inflammatory and analgesic purpose. The gel formulations were tested for homogeneity, grittiness, viscosity, pH, spreadability, drug content, in vitro drug release and release kinetics. The effects of polymer composition on the rate of drug release from the gel formulations were examined through dialysis membrane at 37º ± 0.5ºC. The gel formulation consisting of alovera extract (F3) was found to be suitable for topical application based on in vitro evaluation. These results suggest the feasibility of the topical gel formulation of Diclofenac diethylamine.
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Husain, Tahir. "Hydrologic Network Design Formulation." Canadian Water Resources Journal 12, no. 1 (1987): 44–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4296/cwrj1201044.

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Goldfarb, Heidi B. "Experimental Design for Formulation." Technometrics 48, no. 2 (2006): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/tech.2006.s380.

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Roy, Harekrishna, Sisir Nandi, Ungarala Pavani, Uppuluri Lakshmi, Tamma Saicharan Reddy, and Damarla Venkata Sri Gayatri. "Optimization and Quality by Design Approach for Piroxicam Fast Dissolving Tablet Formulations Using Box-Behnken Design." Current Drug Therapy 15, no. 2 (2020): 152–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574885514666190409102614.

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Background: The present study deals with the formulation and optimization of piroxicam fast dissolving tablets and analyzes the impact of an independent variable while selecting the optimized formulation utilizing Quality by Design (QbD) and Box-Behnken Design (BBD). Methods: Seventeen formulations were prepared by direct compression technique by altering the proportion of cross carmellose sodium, spray dried lactose and hydro propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC K4M). The BBD statistical technique was used to optimize formulations and correlate the relationship among all the variables. Also, the powder mixture characteristics and tablet physiochemical properties such as hardness, friability, drug content, Disintegration Time (DT) and dissolution test were determined using 900 ml of 0.1N HCl (pH-1.2) at 37 ± 0.5°C. Results: Significant quadratic model and second order polynomial equations were established using BBD. To find out the relationship between variables and responses, 3D response surface and 2D contour plot was plotted. A perturbation graph was also plotted to identify the deviation of the variables from the mean point. An optimized formula was prepared based on the predicted response and the resulting responses were observed to be close with the predicted value. Conclusion: The optimized formulation with the desired parameter and formulation with variables and responses can be obtained by BBD and could be used in the large experiment with the involvement of a large number of variables and responses.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Formulation design"

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Morocz, Bazzani Francisco Andres. "Design requirements formulation : a framework and analysis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/81614.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2013.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-68).<br>This thesis focuses on the early stages of the product development process, during which the set of design requirements is formulated. Given the proven importance of a comprehensive set of design requirements in the market acceptance of a product, we explore the formulation of design requirements and the potential sources of uncertainty that can arise during this early phase of the development process. This thesis seeks to answer two main questions: What events and conditions are likely to increase the project's uncertainty during the formulation of the design requirements? And, in what way can the effects of these events and conditions be avoided or mitigated? Using the information gathered through an extensive literature review, a descriptive framework was compiled. The information used was validated following two different paths: first, the evolution of the set of design requirements of several teams in a product design and development class was analyzed and, second, veterans of industry were interviewed about their experiences during the development process.<br>by Francisco Andres Morocz Bazzani.<br>S.M.
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Wheate, Nial. "Pharmaceutical Drug Design, Formulation, Testing, and Use." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/22097.

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This compilation of my research has been organised into nine different sections based on the sub-themes on my research into medicines. Section one deals principally with my research and impact into the examination of the interactions of multinuclear platinum-based chemotherapy drugs with their cellular target, DNA. Section two covers the design and synthesis of new drugs including multinuclear platinum drugs and a new drug class of platinum drugs based on phenanthroline. Section three details my investigation of macrocycles as potential delivery vehicles for drugs; in particular, the delivery applications of a family of macrocycles called cucurbit[n]urils, but also includes my research with n-cyclodextrins, calix[n]arenes, and pillar[n]arenes. Section four expands on the cucurbit[n]uril research describing my work on designing and developing cucurbit[n]uril-based pharmaceutical dosage formulations. Section five contains my research into the application of various nanoparticles as delivery systems for platinum-based drugs, including: dendrimer-polymer nanoparticles, metallic nanoparticles based on gold and iron oxide, carbon nanotubes, and DNA aptamers. Section six provides my published research on the clinical use of platinum drugs including an examination of the recommendations provided to clinicians and the extent to which platinum drugs continue to be used to treat human cancers. Section seven describes my research into the testing of pharmaceutical formulations and my published papers on the development of undergraduate classes for making and testing pharmaceutical formulations. Section eight is a collation of my published book chapters and review papers highlighting how these have made an impact in the area of medicines, and section nine provides details on my international patents for drug delivery inventions.
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Gabrielsson, Jon. "Multivariate methods in tablet formulation." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Univ, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-268.

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Patel, A. M. "Rational formulation design of pharmaceutical and cosmetic actives." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1543215/.

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The skin is the outermost organ vital for human life. Its unique structure creates a formidable barrier, one that must be overcome for the delivery of pharmaceutical and cosmetic actives. Ibuprofen is often used for the short term management of musculoskeletal conditions and is applied topically for local delivery. Retinyl palmitate is a vitamin A derivative commonly included in cosmetics as an anti-ageing ingredient. Both model actives were formulated based on their physiochemical properties and solubility or miscibility with selected excipients. Clinically relevant or finite doses were used throughout to simulate point of use conditions. Ibuprofen was prepared in volatile formulations and after evaporation of alcohol only ibuprofen and the excipient remained on the skin. The in vitro permeation of ibuprofen using Franz diffusion cells was initially studied through silicone membranes and porcine skin. Neither of these model membranes were comparable to human skin. Permeation and mass balance studies using human skin were carried out for ibuprofen and the vehicle. This was to determine the vehicle fate and to establish its role during the permeation process. The use of human skin mounted in Franz diffusion cells was also used to determine the penetration of retinyl palmitate from single and binary vehicle formulations. Mass balance studies were primarily used to determine the penetration of both retinyl palmitate and the vehicle. Analysis was also performed for retinol, a metabolite of retinyl palmitate. Finally an in vivo study using confocal Raman spectroscopy was performed on human subjects. Volatile ibuprofen formulations were applied and the delivery of ibuprofen and vehicle to the stratum corneum was determined. A good relationship between in vitro and in vivo data was observed. Overall the formulation strategy adopted demonstrates that a rational selection of the vehicle can deliver enhanced efficacy of topical formulations.
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Chen, Ying. "Formulation of a Multi-Disciplinary Design Optimization of Containerships." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36069.

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To develop a computer tool that will give the best ship design using an optimization technique is one of the objects of the FIRST project. Choosing a containership design as a test case, the Design Optimization Tools (DOT) package is used as the optimization tool. The problem is tackled from the ship owner's point of view. The required freight rate is chosen as the objective function because the most important thing that concerns the ship owner is whether the ship will make a profit or not, and if so, how much profit it can make. DOT, as well as any other numerical optimization tool, only gives an approximation of the optimum design and uses numerical approximation during the optimization. It is very important for the users to formulate carefully the optimization problem so that it will give a stable and reasonable solution. Development of a geometric module and choosing suitable empirical formulas for performance evaluation are also major issues of the project.<br>Master of Science
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Lucas, Tamara J. H. "Formulation and solution of hierarchical decision support problems." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17291.

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Curtis, Shane Keawe. "A Method for Exploring Optimization Formulation Space in Conceptual Design." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3213.

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Formulation space exploration is a new strategy for multiobjective optimization that facilitates both divergent searching and convergent optimization during the early stages of design. The formulation space is the union of all variable and design objective spaces identified by the designer as being valid and pragmatic problem formulations. By extending a computational search into the formulation space, the solution to an optimization problem is no longer predefined by any single problem formulation, as it is with traditional optimization methods. Instead, a designer is free to change, modify, and update design objectives, variables, and constraints and explore design alternatives without requiring a concrete understanding of the design problem a priori. To facilitate this process, a new vector/matrix-based definition for multiobjective optimization problems is introduced, which is dynamic in nature and easily modified. Additionally, a set of exploration metrics is developed to help guide designers while exploring the formulation space. Finally, several examples are presented to illustrate the use of this new, dynamic approach to multiobjective optimization.
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Fogaça, Mateus Paiva. "A new quadratic formulation for incremental timing-driven placement." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/164067.

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O tempo de propagação dos sinais nas interconexões é um fator dominante para atingir a frequência de operação desejada em circuitos nanoCMOS. Durante a síntese física, o posicionamento visa espalhar as células na área disponível enquanto otimiza uma função custo obedecendo aos requisitos do projeto. Portanto, o posicionamento é uma etapa chave na determinação do comprimento total dos fios e, consequentemente, na obtenção da frequência de operação desejada. Técnicas de posicionamento incremental visam melhorar a qualidade de uma dada solução. Neste trabalho, são propostas duas abordagens para o posicionamento incremental guiado à tempos de propagação através de suavização de caminhos e balanceamento de redes. Ao contrário dos trabalhos existentes na literatura, a formulação proposta inclui um modelo de atraso na função quadrática. Além disso, o posicionamento quadrático é aplicado incrementalmente através de uma operação, chamada de neutralização, que ajuda a manter as qualidades da solução inicial. Em ambas as técnicas, o comprimento quadrático de fios é ponderado pelo drive strength das células e a criticalidade dos pinos. Os resultados obtidos superam o estado-da-arte em média 9,4% e 7,6% com relação ao WNS e TNS, respectivamente.<br>The interconnection delay is a dominant factor for achieving timing closure in nanoCMOS circuits. During physical synthesis, placement aims to spread cells in the available area while optimizing an objective function w.r.t. the design constraints. Therefore, it is a key step to determine the total wirelength and hence to achieve timing closure. Incremental placement techniques aim to improve the quality of a given solution. Two quadratic approaches for incremental timing driven placement to mitigate late violations through path smoothing and net load balancing are proposed in this work. Unlike previous works, the proposed formulations include a delay model into the quadratic function. Quadratic placement is applied incrementally through an operation called neutralization which helps to keep the qualities of the initial placement solution. In both techniques, the quadratic wirelength is pondered by cell’s drive strengths and pin criticalities. The final results outperform the state-of-art by 9.4% and 7.6% on average for WNS and TNS, respectively.
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Makin, Thomas. "A formulation for efficient adaptive metamodelling in engineering design." Thesis, University of Bath, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.619241.

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This thesis presents the research and development of robust metamodelling tools for engineering design. Metamodelling in engineering is typically used for reducing computational cost of highly expensive analyses or simulations. Metamodels have been shown to be effective in these problems where an approximation constructed from a limited set of true data points is used in support of optimisation. The inspiration for this work is drawn from the optimisation of aircraft wing structures, constructed using large numbers of rectangular stiffened panels. When optimising such structures to produce a minimum weight design, it is necessary to evaluate multiple design constraints such as buckling load, damage tolerance and repairability. The total computational cost for this aspect of the analysis can become considerable when a large number of evaluations is required and can creates a bottleneck in the optimisation workflow. In response to this industrial design problem, a specification is proposed for an efficient and adaptive metamodelling formulation. Following an extensive literature review the multilevel Radial Basis Function (mRBF) model is highlighted as a promising candidate for further investigation. The mRBF formulation is discussed in detail, and a comparative study is presented comparing mRBF to more established modelling techniques. mRBF is then put to work on a range of optimisation test problems, including an industrial scale multi-panel wing design scenario. Emphasis is placed on the adaptive acquisition of model data as the optimisation process progresses. Implementation details and software development processes are also presented in detail. The case is made for decoupled modelling workflows, and a RESTful web based mRBF modelling framework. Finally the performance of the proposed modelling scheme is compared to the original specification, and recommendations are made for further investigation.
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Dahabreh, Saleem Mokbel. "The Formulation of Design: The Case of the Islip Courthouse by Richard Meier." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04072006-133238/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Architecture, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006.<br>Dr. Wineman, Jean, Committee Member ; Dr. Bafna, Sonit, Committee Member ; Dr. Economou, Thanos, Committee Member ; Dr. Zimring, Craig, Committee Member ; Dr. Peponis, John, Committee Chair.
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Books on the topic "Formulation design"

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Wen, Hong, and Kinam Park, eds. Oral Controlled Release Formulation Design and Drug Delivery. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470640487.

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Narang, Ajit S., and Sai H. S. Boddu, eds. Excipient Applications in Formulation Design and Drug Delivery. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20206-8.

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1961-, McNally Eugene J., ed. Protein formulation and delivery. M. Dekker, 2000.

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Bhargava, H. K. Reasoning with assumptions, defeasibly, in model formulation. Dept. of Administrative Sciences, Naval Postgraduate School, 1991.

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G, Smith Douglas. Curriculum for design: Preparation material for design teaching : the market phase including specification formulation. SEED, 1998.

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Anderson, W. Kyle. Aerodynamic design optimization on unstructured grids with a continuous adjoint formulation. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1997.

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M, Nezu Christine, and Lombardo Elizabeth, eds. Cognitive-behavioral case formulation and treatment design: A problem-solving approach. Springer Pub. Co., 2004.

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Oral controlled release formulation design and drug delivery: Theory to practice. Wiley, 2010.

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Kilkki, Juha. Automated formulation of optimisation models for steel beam structures. Lappeenranta University of Technology, 2002.

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Handbook of manufacturing and supply systems design: From strategy formulation to system operation. Taylor & Francis, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Formulation design"

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Sundarkrishnaa, K. L. "Formulation Design." In Friction Material Composites. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33451-1_4.

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Sundarkrishnaa, K. L. "Formulation Design." In Friction Material Composites. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14069-8_4.

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Descamps, Benoît. "Unified Formulation." In Computational Design of Lightweight Structures. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118908860.ch2.

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Smith, Margaret. "From Formulation Design to Production: The Scale-Up Process." In Cosmetic Formulation. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429190674-21.

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Benesty, Jacob, and Jingdong Chen. "Problem Formulation." In Study and Design of Differential Microphone Arrays. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33753-6_2.

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Berg, Ike. "Design for bulk manufacture." In Principles of Paint Formulation. Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3674-1_7.

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Nguyen, Hanh thi. "Recipient Design in Formulation." In Developing Interactional Competence. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230319660_9.

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Prajapati, Shiv Kumar, Payal Kesharwani, Nishi Mody, Ankit Jain, and Swapnil Sharma. "Formulation by Design (FbD)." In Micro- and Nanotechnologies-Based Product Development. CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003043164-2.

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Harrold, J. A., and J. C. G. Halford. "Formulation Design to Change Food Habits." In Formulation Engineering of Foods. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118597651.ch13.

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Norton, J. E. "Design of Food Structures for Consumer Acceptability." In Formulation Engineering of Foods. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118597651.ch12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Formulation design"

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Shabana, Ahmed A., Hussien A. Hussien, and José L. Escalona. "Absolute Nodal Coordinate Formulation." In ASME 1997 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc97/vib-4227.

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Abstract There are three basic finite element formulations, which are used in multibody dynamics. These are the floating frame reference approach, the incremental method and the large rotation vector approach. In the floating frame of reference and incremental formulations, the slopes are assumed small in order to define infinitesimal rotations that can be treated and transformed as vectors. This description, however, limits the use of some important elements such as beams and plates in a wide range of large displacement applications. As demonstrated in some recent publications, if infinitesimal rotations are used as nodal coordinates, the use of the finite element incremental formulation in the large reference displacement analysis does not lead to exact modeling of the rigid body inertia when the structures rotate as rigid bodies. In this paper, a new and simple finite element procedure that employs the mathematical definition of the slope and uses it to define the element coordinates instead of the infinitesimal and finite rotations is developed for large rotation and deformation problems. By using this description and by defining the element coordinates in the global system, not only the need for performing coordinate transformation is avoided, but also a simple expression for the inertia forces is obtained. Furthermore, the resulting mass matrix is constant and it is the same matrix that appears in linear structural dynamics. It is demonstrated in this paper, that this coordinate description leads to exact modeling of the rigid body inertia when the structure rotate as rigid bodies. Nonetheless, the stiffness matrix becomes nonlinear function of time even in the case of small displacements. The method presented in this paper differs from previous large rotation vector formulations in the sense that the inertia forces, the kinetic energy, and the strain energy are not expressed in terms of any orientation coordinates, and therefore, the method does not require interpolation of finite rotations. While the use of the formulation is demonstrated using a simple planar beam element, the generalization of the method to other element types and to the three dimensional case is straightforward. Using the finite element procedure presented in this paper, beams and plates can be treated as isoparametric elements.
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Lindberg, Erik. "Systematic equation formulation." In 2007 European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design (ECCTD 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecctd.2007.4529761.

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Gou, J. B., Y. X. Chu, H. Wu, and Z. X. Li. "A Geometric Theory for Formulation of Form, Profile and Orientation Tolerances: Problem Formulation." In ASME 1998 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc98/dfm-5743.

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Abstract This paper develops a geometric theory which unifies the formulation and evaluation of form (straightness, flatness, cylindricity and circularity), profile and orientation tolerances stipulated in ANSI Y14.5M standard. In the paper, based on an an important observation that a toleranced feature exhibits a symmetry subgroup G0 under the action of the Euclidean group, SE(3), we identify the configuration space of a toleranced (or a symmetric) feature with the homogeneous space SE(3)/G0 of the Euclidean group. Geometric properties of SE(3)/G0, especially its exponential coordinates carried over from that of SE(3), are analyzed. We show that all cases of form, profile and orientation tolerances can be formulated as a minimization or constrained minimization problem on the space SE(3)/G0, with G0 being the symmetry subgroup of the underlying feature. We transform the non-differentiable minimization problem into a differentiable minimization problem over an extended configuration space. Using geometric properties of SE(3)/G0, we derive a sequence of linear programming problems whose solutions can be used to approximate the minimum zone solutions.
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Fails, Jerry Alan, Maria Soledad Pera, Oghenemaro Anuyah, Casey Kennington, Katherine Landau Wright, and William Bigirimana. "Query Formulation Assistance for Kids." In IDC '19: Interaction Design and Children. ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3311927.3323131.

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Dinar, Mahmoud, and Jami J. Shah. "Enhancing Design Problem Formulation Skills for Engineering Design Students." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-35508.

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Problem formulation is an essential design skill for which assessment methods have been less commonly developed. In order to evaluate the progress of a group of graduate students in mechanical engineering design in regard with the problem formulation skill, they were asked to work on three design problems using the Problem Formulator web tool during their course work. Changes in a set of measures elicited from this data were examined in addition to sketches, simulations, and working prototypes. Inventories of requirements and issues, as well as concepts derived from morphological charts were created to assess designers’ skills and outcomes.
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Wang, J. Y., and J. K. Wu. "Nonholonomic Constrain Models for Recursive Dynamic Analysis." In ASME 1990 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1990-0056.

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Abstract This paper presents mathematic formulations of nonholonomic constrain models, such as differential kinematic constraints, that can be used in dynamic analysis based on recursive formulations. Rolling and rotating between a pair of bodies are considered in the formulation. These mathematic models include state vector notations, cut differential kinematic constraints, and the right-hand side of constraint acceleration equations using joint coordinates. In addition, the paper describes the factors that need to be considered in selecting cut-joints in spanning tree analysis, that is needed for the recursive formulation. The weighting factors of certain nonholonomic constraints are suggested. In addition to current dynamic formulations, this study provides a systematic method to formulate the dynamic analysis for the mechanical systems with nonholonomic constraints. The results of applying this new formulation to several well-known examples are presented.
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"GENERAL FORMULATION OF SYSTEM DESIGN PROCESS - Design Process Formulation as a Controllable Dynamic System." In 4th International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0001618203430346.

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Berzeri, Marcello, Marcello Campanelli, and A. A. Shabana. "Elastic Forces and Coordinate Systems in the Finite Element Formulations." In ASME 1999 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc99/vib-8205.

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Abstract The equivalence of the elastic forces of finite element formulations used in flexible multibody dynamics is the focus of this investigation. Two conceptually different finite element formulations that lead to exact modeling of the rigid body dynamics will be used. These are the floating frame of reference formulation and the absolute nodal coordinate formulation. It is demonstrated in this study that different element coordinate systems, which are used for the convenience of describing the element deformations in the absolute nodal coordinate formulation, lead to similar results as the element size is reduced. The equivalence of the elastic forces in the absolute nodal coordinate and the floating frame of reference formulations is shown. The result of this analysis clearly demonstrates that the instability observed in high speed rotor analytical models due to the neglect of the geometric centrifugal stiffening is not a problem inherent to a particular finite element formulation but only depends on the beam model that is used. Fourier analysis of the solutions obtained in this investigation also sheds new light on the fundamental problem of the choice of the deformable body coordinate system in the floating frame of reference formulation. A new method is presented and used to obtain a simple expression for the elastic forces in the absolute nodal coordinate formulation. This method, which employs a nonlinear elastic strain-displacement relationship, does not result in an unstable solution when the angular velocity is increased.
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Avello, A., and E. Bayo. "A Singularity-Free Penalty Formulation for the Dynamics of Constrained Multibody Systems." In ASME 1992 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1992-0351.

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Abstract In a singular position, the number of degrees of freedom of a mechanism instantaneously increases, which is detected by a sudden loss of rank in the jacobian matrix. This rank-deficiency causes the failure of the classical dynamic formulations. The enforcement of the constraints through a penalty method leads to an attractive and efficient dynamic formulation that, in addition, can be used at singularities. This formulation leads to a symmetric and positive definite matrix whose rank does not depend on the rank of the jacobian and thus is ideally suited for singular positions. A refinement of this approach is achieved through an augmented Lagrangian method. A simple example and two dynamic simulations show the effectiveness of the formulation.
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Anuyah, Oghenemaro, Jerry Alan Fails, and Maria Soledad Pera. "Investigating query formulation assistance for children." In IDC '18: Interaction Design and Children. ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3202185.3210779.

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Reports on the topic "Formulation design"

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Hoekstra, Robert John, Lon J. Waters, Scott Alan Hutchinson, Eric Richard Keiter, and Thomas V. Russo. Xyce parallel electronic simulator design : mathematical formulation, version 2.0. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/919137.

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Howlett, Michael, and Jeremy Rayner. Patching vs Packaging in Policy Formulation: Assessing Policy Portfolio Design. Librello, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12924/pag2013.01020170.

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Tankova, Trayana, Luís Simões Da Silva, and Liliana Marques. A GENERAL FORMULATION FOR THE STABILITY DESIGN OF STEEL MEMBERS. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/icass2018.p.136.

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Dulikravich, George S., Igor N. Egorov, Vinod K. Sikka, and G. Muralidharan. Alloys-by-Design Strategies Using Stochastic Multi-Objective Optimization: Initial Formulation and Results. Defense Technical Information Center, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada416083.

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Miller, Martin S., Betsy M. Rice, Anthony J. Kotlar, and Randall J. Cramer. A New Approach to Propellant Formulation: Minimizing Life-Cycle Costs Through Science-Based Design. Defense Technical Information Center, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada381902.

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Riveros, Guillermo, Felipe Acosta, Reena Patel, and Wayne Hodo. Computational mechanics of the paddlefish rostrum. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41860.

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Purpose – The rostrum of a paddlefish provides hydrodynamic stability during feeding process in addition to detect the food using receptors that are randomly distributed in the rostrum. The exterior tissue of the rostrum covers the cartilage that surrounds the bones forming interlocking star shaped bones. Design/methodology/approach – The aim of this work is to assess the mechanical behavior of four finite element models varying the type of formulation as follows: linear-reduced integration, linear-full integration, quadratic-reduced integration and quadratic-full integration. Also presented is the load transfer mechanisms of the bone structure of the rostrum. Findings – Conclusions are based on comparison among the four models. There is no significant difference between integration orders for similar type of elements. Quadratic-reduced integration formulation resulted in lower structural stiffness compared with linear formulation as seen by higher displacements and stresses than using linearly formulated elements. It is concluded that second-order elements with reduced integration and can model accurately stress concentrations and distributions without over stiffening their general response. Originality/value – The use of advanced computational mechanics techniques to analyze the complex geometry and components of the paddlefish rostrum provides a viable avenue to gain fundamental understanding of the proper finite element formulation needed to successfully obtain the system behavior and hot spot locations.
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Berger, Rutherford C. Foundational Principles in the Development of AdH-SW3, the Three-Dimensional Shallow Water Hydrodynamics and Transport Module within the Adaptive Hydraulics/Hydrology Model. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44560.

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This report details the design and development of the three-dimensional shallow water hydrodynamics formulation within the Adaptive Hydraulics/Hydrology model (AdH-SW3) for simulation of flow and transport in rivers, estuaries, reservoirs, and other similar hydrologic environments. The report is intended to communicate principles of the model design for the interested and diligent user. The design relies upon several layers of consistency to produce a stable, accurate, and conservative model. The mesh design can handle rapid changes in bathymetry (e.g., steep-sided navigation channels in estuaries) and maintain accuracy in density-driven transport phenomena (e.g., thermal, or saline stratification and intrusion of salinity).
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Arce, Eliécer, and Edgar A. Robles. Fiscal Rules and the Behavior of Public Investment in Costa Rica and Panama: Towards Growth-Friendly Fiscal Policy? Inter-American Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003071.

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This paper aims to provide evidence on the effects of fiscal rules on public investment, fiscal results and growth in Costa Rica and Panama. First, we find that the budget formulation process and the political economy behind the adoption and compliance of fiscal rules explain that Panama has a bias to create and sequentially pile up rules, while Costa Rica has a tendency not to comply with them. Second, a retrospective analysis of the 2018 fiscal rules in both nations finds asymmetric effects on the fiscal results. In Panama it is difficult to separate the effect of fiscal rule designs on public investment; and, in Costa Rica, the application of the fiscal rule will decrease public investment, if the debt to GDP ratio exceeds 60 percent and current expenditure crowds out capital expenditure. Two lessons emerge. First, an effective fiscal rule compliance requires time consistent institutions, solid monitoring, enforcement schemes and improving the quality of public financial management systems. Second, it is necessary to review the design of fiscal rules in both countries to ensure they are investment and growth friendly.
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Wittmann, Florian, Florian Roth, Miriam Hufnagl, Ralf Lindner, and Merve Yorulmaz. Towards a framework for impact assessment for mission-oriented innovation policies. A formative toolbox approach. Fteval - Austrian Platform for Research and Technology Policy Evaluation, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2022.540.

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Mission-oriented policies (MOIP) have become important means to foster transformative change in many countries. Yet, approaches for assessing these policies' impacts are still in their infancy, not least due to the complexity of MOIP. To address this gap, we propose a toolbox approach that supports policy-makers during policy design and implementation, and allows for an identification of potential impacts by a theory-based approach. To disentangle the complexity of missions, we first conceptualize MOIPs as multiple translation processes from mission formulation and design to implementation. Each translation step shapes the policies' impacts. Based on this framework, we develop a set of specific analytical tools that are intended to support the process of bringing missions into realization, but also help to assess whether missions contribute to the postulated goals. These tools include a mapping of the socio-technical systems, a typology to explore the transformative ambition of missions, a process to develop impact pathways, an inventory of policy instruments to support the mission design, and indicators to measure mission progress along the developed pathways. Finally, we propose several analytical questions to explore the context for the development of potential impacts.
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French, T. R. Design and optimization of phosphate-containing alkaline flooding formulations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5110994.

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