Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Formule d'Itô'
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Walsh, Alexander. "Calcul d'Itô étendu." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00627558.
Full textValentin, Jérôme. "Extensions de la formule d'Itô par le calcul de Malliavin et application à un problème variationnel." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENST0029/document.
Full textThis dissertation studies the extension of the Itô formula to the case of distibution-valued paths of bounded variation lifted by processes which are regular in the sense of Malliavin calculus. We make optimal hypotheses, which gives us access to many applications. The first chapter is a primer in Malliavin calculus. The second chapter provides useful results on the toplogy of the schwartz class and of the space of tempered distributions. in the third chapter, we give optimal conditions under which a tempered distribution may be composed by a random variable and we study the malliavin regularity of the object thus defined. Interpolation techniques give access to results in fractional spaces. We also give results for the case where the tempered distribution is itself stochastic. These results allow us to obtain, in chapter 4, a weak Itô formula under hypotheses which are much weaker than those usually made in the litterature. We also give an Itô-Wentzell and an anticipative version. In the case where the process to which the ito formula is applied is the solution to an SDE, we give a more precise result, which we use to study the reguarity of the multi-dimensional local time. Finally the fifth chapter solves a variational problem under hypotheses which are much weaker than the usual assumption of hypoellipticity
Valentin, Jérôme. "Extensions de la formule d'Itô par le calcul de Malliavin et application à un problème variationnel." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENST0029.
Full textThis dissertation studies the extension of the Itô formula to the case of distibution-valued paths of bounded variation lifted by processes which are regular in the sense of Malliavin calculus. We make optimal hypotheses, which gives us access to many applications. The first chapter is a primer in Malliavin calculus. The second chapter provides useful results on the toplogy of the schwartz class and of the space of tempered distributions. in the third chapter, we give optimal conditions under which a tempered distribution may be composed by a random variable and we study the malliavin regularity of the object thus defined. Interpolation techniques give access to results in fractional spaces. We also give results for the case where the tempered distribution is itself stochastic. These results allow us to obtain, in chapter 4, a weak Itô formula under hypotheses which are much weaker than those usually made in the litterature. We also give an Itô-Wentzell and an anticipative version. In the case where the process to which the ito formula is applied is the solution to an SDE, we give a more precise result, which we use to study the reguarity of the multi-dimensional local time. Finally the fifth chapter solves a variational problem under hypotheses which are much weaker than the usual assumption of hypoellipticity
Bellingeri, Carlo. "Formules d'Itô pour l'équation de la chaleur stochastique à travers les théories des chemins rugueux et des structures de regularité." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS028.
Full textIn this thesis we develop a general theory to prove the existence of several Itô formulae on the one dimensional stochastic heat equation driven by additive space-time white noise. That is denoting by u the solution of this SPDE for any smooth enough function f we define some new notions of stochastic integrals defined upon u, which cannot be defined classically, in order to deduce new identities involving f(u) and some non trivial corrections. These new relations are obtained by using the theory of regularity structures and the theory of rough paths. In the first chapter we obtain a differential and an integral identity involving the reconstruction of some modelled distributions. Then we discuss a general change of variable formula over any Hölder continuous path in the context of rough paths, relating it to the notion of quasi-shuffle algebras and the family of so called quasi-geometric rough paths. Finally we apply the general results on quasi-geometric rough paths to the time evolution of u. Using the Gaussian behaviour of the process u, most of the terms involved in these equations are also identified with some classical constructions of stochastic calculus
Barbata, Asma. "Filtrage et commande basée sur un observateur pour les systèmes stochastiques." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0013/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the filtering and control of nonlinear systems described by Itô stochastic differential equations whose diffusion is controlled by a noise which is multiplied with the state vector. In this manuscript, the goal is to relax the conditions of stability used in the literature using the almost sure exponential stability, also called exponential stability with probability equal to one. A new theorem on the almost sure exponential stability of the equilibrium point of a class of triangular nonlinear stochastic systems is proposed: the stability of the whole system is ensured by the stability of each decoupled subsystem. This theorem is applied to the filtering of stochastics systems with multiplicative noises. Conditions for asymptotic rejection of perturbations occurring in a stochastic differential equation with multiplicative noises have been proposed. The considered stability is the almost sure exponential one. A bound of the Lyapunov exponent ensures the almost sure convergence rate to zero for the state of the system. A bang-bang control law is synthesized for a class of stochastic nonlinear systems in two cases: (i) state feedback and (ii) measured output feedback with an observer. The used stability is the almost sure exponential one. The bounded real lemma is developed for stochastic algebro-differential systems with multiplicative noises and the Itô formula given for thèse systems. This approach has been used for the synthesis of an H-ihfinity measured output feedback control law with the exponential mean square stability. An observer for nonlinear stochastic algebro-differential systems was proposed using the almost sure exponential stability
Di, Girolami Cristina. "Calcul stochastique via régularisation en dimension infinie avec perspectives financières." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Nord - Paris XIII, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00578521.
Full textZeineddine, Raghid. "Sur des nouvelles formules d'Itô en loi." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0179/document.
Full textFractional Brownian motion in Brownian time Z may serve as a model for the motion of a single gas particle constrained to evolve inside a crack. In this PhD thesis, written under the supervision of Ivan Nourdin, we prove Itô's type formulas for Z. To achieve this goal, our main tools are the Malliavin calculus, the stochastic calculus and the use of limit theorems. One of the specificity of the formula we have obtained is that they hold in law, with creation of a new alea. This manuscript consists in an introductory chapter, followed by three other chapters, each one corresponding to different results obtained along the preparation of this thesis and written is the form of research papers. More precisely: 1) In a first paper, we introduce the central process of this thesis, namely the fractional Brownian motion in Brownian time Z. Then, we study the fluctuations of its power variations of order p, for any integer p greater than or equal to 1. 2) In a second paper, written jointly with my supervisor Ivan Nourdin, we use the results obtained in 1) to build an Itô's type formula for Z. To do so, we need to extend to our setting an approach originally due to Khoshnevisan and Lewis, consisting in rather working with a random partition of time, instead of the classical uniform deterministic partition. 3) Finally, in a third and last paper, we extend to bi-dimension the one- dimensional formula obtained in 2)
Zeineddine, Raghid. "Sur des nouvelles formules d'Itô en loi." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0179.
Full textFractional Brownian motion in Brownian time Z may serve as a model for the motion of a single gas particle constrained to evolve inside a crack. In this PhD thesis, written under the supervision of Ivan Nourdin, we prove Itô's type formulas for Z. To achieve this goal, our main tools are the Malliavin calculus, the stochastic calculus and the use of limit theorems. One of the specificity of the formula we have obtained is that they hold in law, with creation of a new alea. This manuscript consists in an introductory chapter, followed by three other chapters, each one corresponding to different results obtained along the preparation of this thesis and written is the form of research papers. More precisely: 1) In a first paper, we introduce the central process of this thesis, namely the fractional Brownian motion in Brownian time Z. Then, we study the fluctuations of its power variations of order p, for any integer p greater than or equal to 1. 2) In a second paper, written jointly with my supervisor Ivan Nourdin, we use the results obtained in 1) to build an Itô's type formula for Z. To do so, we need to extend to our setting an approach originally due to Khoshnevisan and Lewis, consisting in rather working with a random partition of time, instead of the classical uniform deterministic partition. 3) Finally, in a third and last paper, we extend to bi-dimension the one- dimensional formula obtained in 2)
Barbata, Asma. "Filtrage et commande basée sur un observateur pour les systèmes stochastiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0013.
Full textThis thesis deals with the filtering and control of nonlinear systems described by Itô stochastic differential equations whose diffusion is controlled by a noise which is multiplied with the state vector. In this manuscript, the goal is to relax the conditions of stability used in the literature using the almost sure exponential stability, also called exponential stability with probability equal to one. A new theorem on the almost sure exponential stability of the equilibrium point of a class of triangular nonlinear stochastic systems is proposed: the stability of the whole system is ensured by the stability of each decoupled subsystem. This theorem is applied to the filtering of stochastics systems with multiplicative noises. Conditions for asymptotic rejection of perturbations occurring in a stochastic differential equation with multiplicative noises have been proposed. The considered stability is the almost sure exponential one. A bound of the Lyapunov exponent ensures the almost sure convergence rate to zero for the state of the system. A bang-bang control law is synthesized for a class of stochastic nonlinear systems in two cases: (i) state feedback and (ii) measured output feedback with an observer. The used stability is the almost sure exponential one. The bounded real lemma is developed for stochastic algebro-differential systems with multiplicative noises and the Itô formula given for thèse systems. This approach has been used for the synthesis of an H-ihfinity measured output feedback control law with the exponential mean square stability. An observer for nonlinear stochastic algebro-differential systems was proposed using the almost sure exponential stability
Pintoux, Caroline. "Calculs stochastique et de Malliavin appliqués aux modèles de taux d'intérêt engendrant des formules fermées." Phd thesis, Université de Poitiers, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00555727.
Full textRahouli, Sami El. "Modélisation financière avec des processus de Volterra et applications aux options, aux taux d'intérêt et aux risques de crédit." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0042/document.
Full textThis work investigates financial models for option pricing, interest rates and credit risk with stochastic processes that have memory and discontinuities. These models are formulated in terms of the fractional Brownian motion, the fractional or filtered Lévy process (also doubly stochastic) and their approximations by semimartingales. Their stochastic calculus is treated in the sense of Malliavin and Itô formulas are derived. We characterize the risk-neutral probability measures in terms of these processes for options pricing models of Black-Scholes type with jumps. We also study models of interest rates, in particular the models of Vasicek, Cox-Ingersoll-Ross and Heath-Jarrow-Morton. Finally we study credit risk models
Halabi, Souheil. "Filtrage robuste pour les systèmes stochastiques incertains." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011344.
Full textLes systèmes stochastiques étudiés dans ce mémoire sont écrits sous la forme d'une équation différentielle stochastique au sens d'Itô dans lesquels la dérive et la diffusion sont linéaires ou bilinéaires. Les systèmes avec plusieurs bruits multiplicatifs et les systèmes dont les mesures sont affectées par des bruits multiplicatifs sont également traités dans ce mémoire. La conception d'une commande H-infine basée sur un observateur d'ordre réduit pour les systèmes stochastiques incertains est étudiée.
Le critère de performance considéré est le critère H-infine du signal de perturbation vers le signal d'erreur d'estimation. La stabilité retenue pour ces systèmes stochastiques dans ce travail est la stabilité exponentielle en moyenne quadratique.
La méthode utilisée pour trouver les matrices des filtres est basée sur l'utilisation de la théorie de Lyapunov pour les équations différentielles stochastiques, la formule d'Itô et sur la résolution des Inégalités Matricielles Affines couplées à des contraintes bilinéaires qui assurent la stabilité et la performance.
Rahouli, Sami El. "Modélisation financière avec des processus de Volterra et applications aux options, aux taux d'intérêt et aux risques de crédit." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0042.
Full textThis work investigates financial models for option pricing, interest rates and credit risk with stochastic processes that have memory and discontinuities. These models are formulated in terms of the fractional Brownian motion, the fractional or filtered Lévy process (also doubly stochastic) and their approximations by semimartingales. Their stochastic calculus is treated in the sense of Malliavin and Itô formulas are derived. We characterize the risk-neutral probability measures in terms of these processes for options pricing models of Black-Scholes type with jumps. We also study models of interest rates, in particular the models of Vasicek, Cox-Ingersoll-Ross and Heath-Jarrow-Morton. Finally we study credit risk models
M'Rad, Mohamed. "Utilités Progressives Dynamiques." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005815.
Full textPautrat, Yan. "Des matrices de Pauli aux bruits quantiques." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004050.
Full textAMINE, SAIDA, and Ali Suleyman Ustunel. "Fonctions caracteristiques des operateurs du fock. Loi des grands nombres et theoreme de la limite centrale pour les distributions sur l'espace de wiener. Formules de stokes et d'ito pour un processus anticipatif a deux parametres a trajectoires non monotones." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066010.
Full textNourdin, Ivan. "Calcul stochastique généralisé et applications au mouvement brownien fractionnaire : Estimation non paramétrique de la volatilité et test d'adéquation." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008600.
Full textGradinaru, Mihai. "Applications du calcul stochastique à l'étude de certains processus." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011826.
Full textentre 1996 et 2005, après la thèse de doctorat de l'auteur, et concerne l'étude fine de
certains processus stochastiques : mouvement brownien linéaire ou plan, processus de diffusion,
mouvement brownien fractionnaire, solutions d'équations différentielles stochastiques ou
d'équations aux dérivées partielles stochastiques.
La thèse d'habilitation s'articule en six chapitres correspondant aux thèmes
suivants : étude des intégrales par rapport aux temps locaux de certaines diffusions,
grandes déviations pour un processus obtenu par perturbation brownienne d'un système
dynamique dépourvu de la propriété d'unicité des solutions, calcul stochastique
pour le processus gaussien non-markovien non-semimartingale mouvement brownien fractionnaire,
étude des formules de type Itô et Tanaka pour l'équation de la chaleur stochastique,
étude de la durée de vie du mouvement brownien plan réfléchi dans un domaine à
frontière absorbante et enfin, estimation non-paramétrique et construction d'un
test d'adéquation à partir d'observations discrètes pour le coefficient de diffusion d'une
équation différentielle stochastique.
Les approches de tous ces thèmes sont probabilistes et basées sur l'analyse stochastique.
On utilise aussi des outils d'équations différentielles, d'équations aux dérivées partielles
et de l'analyse.