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Journal articles on the topic 'Forschungszentrum Jülich'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Mau, Jens. "Tesla-Gigant in Jülich." kma - Klinik Management aktuell 13, no. 07 (July 2008): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1574759.

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Das Forschungszentrum Jülich setzt neue Maßstäbe. Zurzeit installiert es einen Magnetresonanztomographen (MRT) mit einer Feldstärke von 9,4 Tesla – das entspricht beinahe dem 200.000-Fachen des Erdmagnetfeldes. Das Forschungszentrum hat das Großgerät mit dem Namen„9komma4“ gemeinsam mit Siemens Healthcare entwickelt.

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2

Conrad, Harald. "Forschungszentrum jülich hosts icans-xvi." Neutron News 14, no. 3 (January 2003): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10448630308229337.

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3

Blum, Ludger, Qingping Fang, L. G. J. de Haart, Jürgen Malzbender, Nikolaos Margaritis, Norbert H. Menzler, and Roland Peters. "SOC Development at Forschungszentrum Jülich." ECS Transactions 78, no. 1 (May 30, 2017): 1791–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/07801.1791ecst.

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4

Blum, Ludger, Qingping Fang, L. G. J. de Haart, Jürgen Malzbender, Nikolaos Margaritis, Norbert H. Menzler, and Roland Peters. "Forschungszentrum Jülich – Progress in SOC Development." ECS Transactions 91, no. 1 (July 10, 2019): 2443–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/09101.2443ecst.

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5

Coenen, Jan Willem. "Fusion Materials Development at Forschungszentrum Jülich." Advanced Engineering Materials 22, no. 6 (April 13, 2020): 1901376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adem.201901376.

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6

Büscher, Markus, Andreas Lehrach, and Frank Goldenbaum. "The Institut für Kernphysik at Forschungszentrum Jülich." Nuclear Physics News 21, no. 1 (February 28, 2011): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10619127.2011.554755.

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7

De Haart, L. G. J. (Bert), S. B. Beale, R. Deja, Lucy Dittrich, T. Duyster, Qingping Fang, Severin Foit, et al. "Forschungszentrum Jülich – Current Activities in SOC Development." ECS Transactions 103, no. 1 (July 9, 2021): 299–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10301.0299ecst.

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8

De Haart, L. G. J. (Bert), S. B. Beale, R. Deja, Lucy Dittrich, T. Duyster, Qingping Fang, Severin Foit, et al. "Forschungszentrum Jülich – Current Activities in SOC Development." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2021-03, no. 1 (July 23, 2021): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2021-031196mtgabs.

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9

Meier, Andreas, and Dirk Tunger. "Altmetrics – Nutzung, Eindrücke und Erfahrungen am Forschungszentrum Jülich." Information - Wissenschaft & Praxis 70, no. 4 (August 6, 2019): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/iwp-2019-2030.

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10

Steinberger-Wilckens, R. "Recent Results of Stack Development at Forschungszentrum Jülich." ECS Proceedings Volumes 2003-07, no. 1 (January 2003): 98–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/200307.0098pv.

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11

Blum, L., P. Batfalsky, Q. Fang, L. G. J. de Haart, J. Malzbender, N. Margaritis, N. H. Menzler, and Ro Peters. "SOFC Stack and System Development at Forschungszentrum Jülich." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 162, no. 10 (2015): F1199—F1205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2.0491510jes.

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12

Bott, Michael, Karl-Erich Jaeger, Jörg Pietruszka, and Wolfgang Wiechert. "40 Years of Biotechnology Research at Forschungszentrum Jülich." Journal of Biotechnology 258 (September 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.08.014.

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13

Lehrach, Andreas. "Storage Ring Based EDM Search — Achievements and Goals." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 40 (January 2016): 1660092. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194516600922.

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This paper summarizes the experimental achievements of the JEDI (Jülich Electric Dipole moment Investigations) Collaboration to exploit and demonstrate the feasibility of charged particle Electric Dipole Moment searches with storage rings at the Cooler Synchrotron COSY of the Forschungszentrum Jülich. Recent experimental results, design and optimization of critical accelerator elements, progress in beam and spin tracking, and future goals of the R & D program at COSY are presented.

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14

Wiedemann, P. "Neue Wege der Risikoforschung in Jülich - die Programmgruppe Mensch, Umwelt, Technik am Forschungszentrum Jülich." TATuP - Zeitschrift für Technikfolgenabschätzung in Theorie und Praxis 9, no. 1 (March 1, 2000): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.14512/tatup.9.1.76.

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15

Zorn, R. "Forschungszentrum Jülich hosts sixth laboratory course on neutron scattering." Neutron News 14, no. 1 (January 2003): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10448630308218506.

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16

Hake, J. "Die Programmgruppe Systemforschung und Technologische Entwicklung im Forschungszentrum Jülich." TATuP - Zeitschrift für Technikfolgenabschätzung in Theorie und Praxis 9, no. 2 (June 1, 2000): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14512/tatup.9.2.72.

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17

Blum, L., U. Packbier, I. C. Vinke, and L. G. J. de Haart. "Long-Term Testing of SOFC Stacks at Forschungszentrum Jülich." Fuel Cells 13, no. 4 (November 28, 2012): 646–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fuce.201200151.

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18

Grushko, B., and R. Wtttmann. "IFF, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Allemagne : TEM examination of the quasicrystalline Al-Cu-Co phase." Revue de Métallurgie 90, no. 9 (September 1993): 1114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/199390091114.

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19

Menzler, N. H., L. Blum, H. P. Buchkremer, S. M. Gro§, L. G. J. de Haart, J. Malzbender, R. Mücke, et al. "Status of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Development at Forschungszentrum Jülich." Procedia Engineering 44 (2012): 407–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2012.08.432.

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20

Arndt, Thomas, and Claudia Frick. "Getting Scientists Ready for Open Access: The Approaches of Forschungszentrum Jülich." Publications 6, no. 2 (May 25, 2018): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/publications6020024.

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21

Guillon, Olivier. "Special Section: “Institute of Energy and Climate Research at Forschungszentrum Jülich”." Advanced Engineering Materials 22, no. 6 (June 2020): 2000286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adem.202000286.

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22

Ullrich, W., M. Abdel-Bary, K. Th Brinkmann, H. Clement, J. Dietrich, E. Doroshkevich, S. Dshemuchadse, et al. "ω MESON PRODUCTION IN PROTON-PROTON COLLISIONS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 22, no. 02n03 (January 30, 2007): 621–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x07035975.

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One of the experimental programs at the TOF spectrometer located at the COSY-accelerator (Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany) is the study of ω-meson production in proton proton collisions (pp → ppω). Recently, a measurement was performed with a polarized beam at an excess energy of ∊ = 129 MeV , which offers the possibility to analyze polarization observables of this reaction channel for the first time. The analyzing power (Ay) of the pp → ppω-reaction was determined to be compatible with zero.

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23

Harboe, S., A. Schreiber, N. Margaritis, L. Blum, O. Guillon, and N. H. Menzler. "Manufacturing cost model for planar 5 kWel SOFC stacks at Forschungszentrum Jülich." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 45, no. 15 (March 2020): 8015–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.01.082.

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24

Menzler, N. H., F. Han, T. van Gestel, W. Schafbauer, F. Schulze-Küppers, S. Uhlenbruck, W. A. Meulenberg, and H. P. Buchkremer. "Development of Thin-Film Manufacturing Technologies for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells and Gas Separation Membranes." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2012, CICMT (September 1, 2012): 000277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/cicmt-2012-wa12.

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The development of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and gas separation membranes for fossil (fuel?) power plants has previously suffered from cost issues like the manufacturing of the core components including i) the ceramic fuel cell and ii) the ceramic membrane, and from insufficient power density (current density or flow rate) on the stack, module or system level. Forschungszentrum Jülich has been working on SOFC development for 20 years, and on membrane development for 6 years. Both energy-related applications are based on similar materials systems, similar micro-structural features (porous-dense, coarse-fine), comparable application parameters (e.g. high temperature) and are manufactured with similar technologies. In the past the focus laid mostly on basic materials research and proving the functionality of the membranes or fuel cells. Meanwhile, one key topic has been the application of low-cost thin-film high-throughput manufacturing technologies. This includes the fabrication of the supports (mostly tape-casting), the coating with functional layers by ceramics technologies (screen printing, roll coating) and the reduction of sintering steps and temperatures. Additionally special thin-film technologies like sol-gel technique and electron beam evaporation / sputtering have also been applied for functional layers, depending on the functional necessities. The presentation gives an overview regarding the state-of-the-art in SOFC and gas separation membrane development at Forschungszentrum Jülich with an emphasis on the manufacturing technologies, resulting in optimized layer micro-structures and thickness. Additionally it summarizes the electrochemical and permeation data obtained so far.

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25

Löhnert, U., J. H. Schween, C. Acquistapace, K. Ebell, M. Maahn, M. Barrera-Verdejo, A. Hirsikko, et al. "JOYCE: Jülich Observatory for Cloud Evolution." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 96, no. 7 (July 1, 2015): 1157–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-14-00105.1.

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Abstract The Jülich Observatory for Cloud Evolution (JOYCE), located at Forschungszentrum Jülich in the most western part of Germany, is a recently established platform for cloud research. The main objective of JOYCE is to provide observations, which improve our understanding of the cloudy boundary layer in a midlatitude environment. Continuous and temporally highly resolved measurements that are specifically suited to characterize the diurnal cycle of water vapor, stability, and turbulence in the lower troposphere are performed with a special focus on atmosphere–surface interaction. In addition, instruments are set up to measure the micro- and macrophysical properties of clouds in detail and how they interact with different boundary layer processes and the large-scale synoptic situation. For this, JOYCE is equipped with an array of state-of-the-art active and passive remote sensing and in situ instruments, which are briefly described in this scientific overview. As an example, a 24-h time series of the evolution of a typical cumulus cloud-topped boundary layer is analyzed with respect to stability, turbulence, and cloud properties. Additionally, we present longer-term statistics, which can be used to elucidate the diurnal cycle of water vapor, drizzle formation through autoconversion, and warm versus cold rain precipitation formation. Both case studies and long-term observations are important for improving the representation of clouds in climate and numerical weather prediction models.

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26

Kuhn, Bernd, Michal Talik, Torsten Fischer, Xiuru Fan, Yukinori Yamamoto, and Jennifer Lopez Barrilao. "Science and Technology of High Performance Ferritic (HiperFer) Stainless Steels." Metals 10, no. 4 (April 2, 2020): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10040463.

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Future, flexible thermal energy conversion systems require new, demand-optimized high-performance materials. The High performance Ferritic (HiperFer) stainless steels, under development at the Institute of Microstructure and Properties of Materials (IEK-2) at Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH in Germany, provide a balanced combination of fatigue, creep and corrosion resistance at reasonable price. This paper outlines the scientific background of alloy performance development, which resulted in an age-hardening ferritic, stainless steel grade. Furthermore, technological properties are addressed and the potential concerning application is estimated by benchmarking versus conventional state of the art materials.

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27

Schafbauer, Wolfgang, Norbert H. Menzler, and Hans P. Buchkremer. "Tape Casting of Anode Supports for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells at Forschungszentrum Jülich." International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology 11, no. 1 (October 4, 2012): 125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7402.2012.02839.x.

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28

Tietz, Frank, Hans-Peter Buchkremer, and Detlev Stöver. "10 years of materials research for solid oxide fuel cells at forschungszentrum jülich." Journal of Electroceramics 17, no. 2-4 (December 2006): 701–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10832-006-6582-z.

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29

KHOUKAZ, ALFONS. "HADRON PHYSICS AT COSY." International Journal of Modern Physics A 24, no. 02n03 (January 30, 2009): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x09043560.

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One major focus of the physics studied at the COoler SYnchrotron COSY of the Forschungszentrum Jülich is the production of mesons and hyperons in the hadron-hadron scattering with the aim to investigate relevant production processes, interactions of the participating particles as well as symmetries and symmetry breaking. Due to the excellent experimental conditions at COSY also single- and double-polarization measurements can be performed with high reaction rates. This contribution gives an overview about the physics program which is currently under investigation at the three big COSY installations ANKE, COSY-TOF and WASA-at-COSY.

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30

KHOUKAZ, ALFONS. "HADRON PHYSICS AT COSY." International Journal of Modern Physics E 18, no. 02 (February 2009): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301309012203.

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One major focus of the physics studied at the COoler SYnchrotron COSY of the Forschungszentrum Jülich is the production of mesons and hyperons in the hadron-hadron scattering with the aim to investigate relevant production processes, interactions of the participating particles as well as symmetries and symmetry breaking. Due to the excellent experimental conditions at COSY also single- and double-polarization measurements can be performed with high reaction rates. This contribution gives an overview about the physics program which is currently under investigation at the three big COSY installations ANKE, COSY-TOF and WASA-at-COSY.

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31

Peters, Roland, Wilfried Tiedemann, Ingo Hoven, Robert Deja, Nicolas Kruse, Qingping Fang, Ludger Blum, and Ralf Peters. "Development of a 10/40kW-Class Reversible Solid Oxide Cell System at Forschungszentrum Jülich." ECS Transactions 103, no. 1 (July 9, 2021): 289–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10301.0289ecst.

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32

Peters, Roland, Wilfried Tiedemann, Ingo Hoven, Robert Deja, Nicolas Kruse, Qingping Fang, Ludger Blum, and Ralf Peters. "Development of a 10/40kW-Class Reversible Solid Oxide Cell System at Forschungszentrum Jülich." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2021-03, no. 1 (July 23, 2021): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2021-031195mtgabs.

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33

Wagner, R., A. Mangold, O. Möhler, H. Saathoff, M. Schnaiter, and U. Schurath. "A quantitative test of infrared optical constants for supercooled sulphuric and nitric acid droplet aerosols." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 3, no. 3 (May 8, 2003): 2219–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-3-2219-2003.

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Abstract. In situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) extinction spectra of supercooled H2SO4/H2O and HNO3/H2O solution droplets were recorded in the large coolable aerosol chamber AIDA (Aerosol Interactions and Dynamics in the Atmosphere) of Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe for a range of aerosol compositions and at temperatures extending down to 192 K. The measured spectra were quantitatively analysed in terms of aerosol composition and mass concentration by using Mie theory in combination with published refractive index data as input parameters. Simultaneously, total sulphuric acid and nitric acid mass concentrations from filter analysis and total water concentrations measured with the Lyman-a hygrometer of Forschungszentrum Jülich were used to calculate the aerosol composition at thermodynamic equilibrium inside the aerosol chamber. By comparing these measured aerosol parameters with those retrieved from the analysis of the FTIR spectra, the accuracy of the literature data sets of refractive indices could be assessed. In summary, four data sets were tested in the H2SO4/H2O system as well as two data sets in the HNO3/H2O system, partly revealing significant discrepancies in the retrieved aerosol properties. Potential explanations for these differences are discussed in this paper.

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34

Wagner, R., A. Mangold, O. Möhler, H. Saathoff, M. Schnaiter, and U. Schurath. "A quantitative test of infrared optical constants for supercooled sulphuric and nitric acid droplet aerosols." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 3, no. 4 (August 8, 2003): 1147–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-1147-2003.

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Abstract. In situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) extinction spectra of supercooled H2SO4/H2O and HNO3/H2O solution droplets were recorded in the large coolable aerosol chamber AIDA (Aerosol Interactions and Dynamics in the Atmosphere) of Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe for a range of aerosol compositions and at temperatures extending down to 192 K. The measured spectra were quantitatively analysed in terms of aerosol composition and mass concentration by using Mie theory in combination with published refractive index data as input parameters. Simultaneously, total sulphuric acid and nitric acid mass concentrations from filter analysis and total water concentrations measured with the Lyman-a hygrometer of Forschungszentrum Jülich were used to calculate the aerosol composition at thermodynamic equilibrium inside the aerosol chamber. By comparing these measured aerosol parameters with those retrieved from the analysis of the FTIR spectra, the accuracy of the literature data sets of refractive indices could be assessed. In summary, four data sets were tested in the H2SO4/H2O system as well as two data sets in the HNO3/H2O system, partly revealing significant discrepancies in the retrieved aerosol properties. Potential explanations for these differences are discussed in this paper.

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35

Blum, Ludger, Sonja M. Groß, Jürgen Malzbender, Ulrich Pabst, Murat Peksen, Roland Peters, and Izaak C. Vinke. "Investigation of solid oxide fuel cell sealing behavior under stack relevant conditions at Forschungszentrum Jülich." Journal of Power Sources 196, no. 17 (September 2011): 7175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.09.041.

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36

Schmidt, Andreas. "Hans Peter Peters (Hrsg.) (2009): Medienorientierung biomedizinischer Forscher im internationalen Vergleich. Die Schnittstelle von Wissenschaft & Journalismus und ihre politische Relevanz. Jülich: Forschungszentrum Jülich." Medien & Kommunikationswissenschaft 58, no. 2 (2010): 278–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/1615-634x-2010-2-278.

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37

Bosbach, Dirk, Felix Brandt, Andrey Bukaemskiy, Guido Deissmann, Philip Kegler, Martina Klinkenberg, Piotr M. Kowalski, et al. "Research for the Safe Management of Nuclear Waste at Forschungszentrum Jülich: Materials Chemistry and Solid Solution Aspects." Advanced Engineering Materials 22, no. 6 (February 28, 2020): 1901417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adem.201901417.

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38

Fuchs, H., S. M. Ball, B. Bohn, T. Brauers, R. C. Cohen, H. P. Dorn, W. P. Dubé, et al. "Intercomparison of measurements of NO<sub>2</sub> concentrations in the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR during the NO3Comp campaign." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 3, no. 1 (January 12, 2010): 21–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-3-21-2010.

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Abstract. NO2 concentrations were measured by various instruments during the NO3Comp campaign at the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR at Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany, in June 2007. Analytical methods included photolytic conversion with chemiluminescence (PC-CLD), broadband cavity ring-down spectroscopy (BBCRDS), pulsed cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS), incoherent broadband cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (IBB\\-CEAS), and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF). All broadband absorption spectrometers were optimized for the detection of the main target species of the campaign, NO3, but were also capable of detecting NO2 simultaneously with reduced sensitivity. NO2 mixing ratios in the chamber were within a range characteristic of polluted, urban conditions, with a maximum mixing ratio of approximately 75 ppbv. The overall agreement between measurements of all instruments was excellent. Linear fits of the combined data sets resulted in slopes that differ from unity only within the stated uncertainty of each instrument. Possible interferences from species such as water vapor and ozone were negligible under the experimental conditions.

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39

Fuchs, H., S. M. Ball, B. Bohn, T. Brauers, R. C. Cohen, H. P. Dorn, W. P. Dubé, et al. "Intercomparison of measurements of NO<sub>2</sub> concentrations in the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR during the NO3Comp campaign." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 2, no. 5 (October 8, 2009): 2539–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-2-2539-2009.

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Abstract. NO2 concentrations were measured by various instruments during the NO3Comp campaign at the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR at Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany, in June 2007. Analytic methods included photolytic conversion with chemiluminescence (PC-CLD), broadband cavity ring-down spectroscopy (BBCRDS), pulsed cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS), incoherent broadband cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (IBBCEAS), and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF). All broadband absorption spectrometers were optimized for the detection of the main target species of the campaign, NO2, but were also capable of detecting NO2 simultaneously with reduced sensitivity. NO2 mixing ratios in the chamber were within a range characteristic of polluted, urban conditions, with a maximum mixing ratio of approximately 75 ppbv. The overall agreement between measurements of all instruments was excellent. Linear fits of the combined data sets resulted in slopes that differ from unity only within the stated uncertainty of each instrument. Possible interferences from species such as water vapor and ozone were negligible under the experimental conditions.

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40

Eckstein, E., D. Perner, Ch Brühl, and T. Trautmann. "A new actinic flux 4π-spectroradiometer: Instrument design and application to clear sky and broken cloud conditions." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 2, no. 6 (November 11, 2002): 1939–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-2-1939-2002.

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Abstract. A new 4p-spectroradiometer was developed for measuring actinic flux especially under cloudy conditions based on a fixed grating imaging spectrograph and a CCD-detector leading to a simultaneous measurement of the spectrum. The new instrument incorporates a novel optical head with a 4p-field of view independent of angle of incidence. Comparisons with the actinic flux spectroradiometer of the Institute of Atmospheric Chemistry of Forschungszentrum Jülich showed a very good agreement within the limit of the uncertainties of the two instruments. Our spectroradiometer was applied to investigate the effects of broken clouds on the actinic flux and photolysis frequencies on the ground during the BERLIOZ campaign. Reductions as well as enhancements compared to the clear sky case were seen, both effects are larger in the UV-A than the UV-B spectral region. Furthermore the new instrument was used for simultaneous measurements in different altitudes on a tower to study the transmission and attenuation of actinic flux in low clouds. A correlation of attenuation with the simultaneously measured liquid water content of the cloud was found.

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41

Eckstein, E., D. Perner, Ch Brühl, and T. Trautmann. "A new actinic flux 4<font face="Symbol">p</font>-spectroradiometer: instrument design and application to clear sky and broken cloud conditions." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 3, no. 6 (November 12, 2003): 1965–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-1965-2003.

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Abstract. A new 4p-spectroradiometer was developed for measuring actinic flux especially under cloudy conditions based on a fixed grating imaging spectrograph and a CCD-detector leading to a simultaneous measurement of the spectrum. The new instrument incorporates a novel optical head with a 4p-field of view independent of angle of incidence. Comparisons with the actinic flux spectroradiometer of the Institute of Atmospheric Chemistry of Forschungszentrum Jülich showed a very good agreement within the limit of the uncertainties of the two instruments. Our spectroradiometer was applied to investigate the effects of broken clouds on the actinic flux and photolysis frequencies on the ground during the BERLIOZ campaign. Reductions as well as enhancements compared to the clear sky case were seen, both effects are larger in the UV-A than the UV-B spectral region. Furthermore the new instrument was used for simultaneous measurements in different altitudes on a tower to study the transmission and attenuation of actinic flux in low clouds. A correlation of attenuation with the simultaneously measured liquid water content of the cloud was found.

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42

LEHRACH, A., K. BONGARDT, B. LORENTZ, R. MAIER, D. PRASUHN, H. STOCKHORST, R. TÖLLE, and D. M. WELSCH. "BEAM DYNAMICS OF THE HIGH-ENERGY STORAGE RING (HESR) FOR FAIR." International Journal of Modern Physics E 18, no. 02 (February 2009): 420–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021830130901246x.

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The High-Energy Storage Ring (HESR) of the future International Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) at GSI in Darmstadt is planned as an antiproton storage ring in the momentum range from 1.5 to 15 GeV/c.1,2 The HESR is being designed and built by a consortium consisting of IKP at Forschungszentrum Jülich, TSL at Uppsala University, and GSI Darmstadt. An important feature of this new facility is the combination of phase-space cooled beams and thick internal targets (e.g. pellet targets) which results in demanding beam parameter requirements for two operation modes: high luminosity mode with peak luminosities of up to 2 · 1032 cm -2 s -1 and high resolution mode with a relative momentum spread in the order of a few times 10-5. To reach these beam parameters one needs a very powerful phase-space cooling utilizing high-energy electron cooling and high-bandwidth stochastic cooling. In this paper different beam dynamics issues like closed orbit correction, performance of cooled beams interacting with internal targets and luminosity considerations are discussed.

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Bohn, B., and H. Zilken. "Model-aided radiometric determination of photolysis frequencies in a sunlit atmosphere simulation chamber." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 5, no. 1 (January 25, 2005): 191–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-5-191-2005.

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Abstract. In this work diurnal and seasonal variations of mean photolysis frequencies for the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR at Forschungszentrum Jülich are calculated. SAPHIR has a complex construction with UV permeable teflon walls allowing natural sunlight to enter the reactor volume. The calculations are based on external measurements of solar spectral actinic flux and a model considering the time-dependent impact of shadows from construction elements as well as the influence of the teflon walls. Overcast and clear-sky conditions are treated in a consistent way and different assumptions concerning diffuse sky radiance distributions are tested. Radiometric measurements inside the chamber are used for an inspection of model predictions. Under overcast conditions we obtain fractions of 0.74 and 0.67 of external values for photolysis frequencies j(NO2) (NO2+hν→NO+O(3P)) and j(O1D) (O3+hν→O2+O(1D)), respectively. On a clear sky summer day these values are time-dependent within ranges 0.65-0.86 and 0.60-0.73, for j(NO2) and j(O1D), respectively. A succeeding paper (Bohn et al., 2004) is dealing with an on-road test of the model approach by comparison with photolysis frequencies from chemical actinometry experiments within SAPHIR.

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Menzler, Norbert H., Wolfgang Schafbauer, and Hans Peter Buchkremer. "Influence of Processing Parameters on the Manufacturing of Anode-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by Different Wet Chemical Routes." Materials Science Forum 638-642 (January 2010): 1098–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.1098.

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Anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) are manufactured at Forschungszentrum Jülich by different wet chemical powder processes and subsequent sintering at high temperatures. Recently, the warm pressing of Coat-Mix powders has been replaced by tape casting as the shaping technology for the NiO/8YSZ-containing substrate in order to decrease the demand for raw materials due to lower substrate thickness and in order to increase reproducibility and fabrication capacities (scalable process). Different processing routes for the substrates require the adjustment of process parameters for further coating with functional layers. Therefore, mainly thermal treatment steps have to be adapted to the properties of the new substrate types in order to obtain high-performance cells with minimum curvature (for stack assembly). In this presentation, the influence of selected process parameters during cell manufacturing will be characterized with respect to the resulting physical parameters such as slurry viscosity, green tape thickness, relative density, substrate strength, electrical conductivity, and shrinkage of the different newly developed substrate types. The influencing factors during manufacturing and the resulting characteristics will be presented and possible applications for the various substrates identified.

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Bohn, B., and H. Zilken. "Model-aided radiometric determination of photolysis frequencies in a sunlit atmosphere simulation chamber." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 4, no. 5 (October 29, 2004): 6967–7010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-4-6967-2004.

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Abstract. In this work diurnal and seasonal variations of mean photolysis frequencies for the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR at Forschungszentrum Jülich are calculated. SAPHIR has a complex construction with UV permeable teflon walls allowing natural sunlight to enter the reactor volume. The calculations are based on external measurements of solar spectral actinic flux and a model considering the time-dependent impact of shadows from construction elements as well as the influence of the teflon walls. Overcast and clear-sky conditions are treated in a consistent way and different assumptions concerning diffuse sky radiance distributions are tested. Radiometric measurements inside the chamber are used for an inspection of model predictions. Under overcast conditions we obtain 74% and 67% of external values for photolysis frequencies j(NO2) (NO2+hν→NO+O(3P)) and j(O1D) (O3+hν→O2+O(1D)), respectively. On a clear sky summer day these values are time-dependent within ranges 0.65–0.86 and 0.60–0.73, for j(NO2) and j(O1D), respectively. A succeeding paper (Bohn et al., 2004) is dealing with an on-road test of the model approach by comparison with photolysis frequencies from chemical actinometry experiments within SAPHIR.

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Noponen, Matti, Matias Halinen, Jari Kiviaho, and Jaakko Saarinen. "Feasibility of Autothermally Reformed Natural Gas on Anode Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology 3, no. 4 (March 24, 2006): 438–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2349526.

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Three different planar anode supported solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) were tested with hydrogen, with autothermally prereformed natural gas from which sulfur was removed, and with autothermally prereformed natural gas that contained sulfur. The cells were obtained from Forschungszentrum Jülich (FZJ), Energy research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN), and HTceramix SA (HTc). All cells were so called Real-SOFC first generation cells. Cell polarizations were first measured with hydrogen, followed by a 200h test (25A, 800°C) with a selected fuel, and finally cell polarizations were measured with hydrogen. When hydrogen was used as the fuel in the 200h test, the performance for all cells was comparable and no degradation was observed. All cells underwent an initial deactivation process when reformate fuels were used but their cell voltage stabilized during the first 50h. All cells also showed deactivation after the reformate tests when the area specific resistance values were compared to the values obtained from the hydrogen tests. The deactivation was comparable between the sulfur-free and sulfur-rich reformate tests. Sulfur-rich reformate, however, caused oscillation in cell voltages as the sulfur level in natural gas was not constant.

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Xie, Xinxin, Raquel Evaristo, Clemens Simmer, Jan Handwerker, and Silke Trömel. "Precipitation and microphysical processes observed by three polarimetric X-band radars and ground-based instrumentation during HOPE." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 11 (June 10, 2016): 7105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-7105-2016.

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Abstract. This study presents a first analysis of precipitation and related microphysical processes observed by three polarimetric X-band Doppler radars (BoXPol, JuXPol and KiXPol) in conjunction with a ground-based network of disdrometers, rain gauges and vertically pointing micro rain radars (MRRs) during the High Definition Clouds and Precipitation for advancing Climate Prediction (HD(CP)2) Observational Prototype Experiment (HOPE) during April and May 2013 in Germany. While JuXPol and KiXPol were continuously observing the central HOPE area near Forschungszentrum Jülich at a close distance, BoXPol observed the area from a distance of about 48.5 km. MRRs were deployed in the central HOPE area and one MRR close to BoXPol in Bonn, Germany. Seven disdrometers and three rain gauges providing point precipitation observations were deployed at five locations within a 5 km × 5 km region, while three other disdrometers were collocated with the MRR in Bonn. The daily rainfall accumulation at each rain gauge/disdrometer location estimated from the three X-band polarimetric radar observations showed very good agreement. Accompanying microphysical processes during the evolution of precipitation systems were well captured by the polarimetric X-band radars and corroborated by independent observations from the other ground-based instruments.

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Langen, K. J., C. Weirich, E. Rota Kops, J. Kaffanke, L. Tellmann, J. Scheins, I. Neuner, et al. "High resolution BrainPET combined with simultaneous MRI." Nuklearmedizin 50, no. 02 (2011): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3413/nukmed-0347-10-09.

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SummaryAfter the successful clinical introduction of PET/CT, a novel hybrid imaging technology combining PET with the versatile attributes of MRI is emerging. At the Forschungszentrum Jülich, one of four prototypes available worldwide combining a commercial 3T MRI with a newly developed BrainPET insert has been installed, allowing simultaneous data acquisition with PET and MRI. The BrainPET is equipped with LSO crystals of 2.5 mm width and Avalanche photodiodes (APD) as readout electronics. Here we report on some performance characteristics obtained by phantom studies and also on the initial BrainPET studies on various patients as compared with a conventional HR+ PET-only scanner. Material, methods: The radiotracers [18F]-fluoroethyl- tyrosine (FET), [11C]-flumazenil and [18F]-FP-CIT were applied. Results: Comparing komthe PET data obtained with the BrainPET to those of the HR+ scanner demonstrated the high image quality and the superior resolution capability of the BrainPET. Furthermore, it is shown that various MR images of excellent quality could be acquired simultaneously with BrainPET scans without any relevant artefacts. Discussion, conclusion: Initial experiences with the hybrid MRI/BrainPET indicate a promising basis for further developments of this unique technique allowing simultaneous PET imaging combined with both anatomical and functional MRI.

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Dewald, Patrick, Jonathan M. Liebmann, Nils Friedrich, Justin Shenolikar, Jan Schuladen, Franz Rohrer, David Reimer, et al. "Evolution of NO<sub>3</sub> reactivity during the oxidation of isoprene." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20, no. 17 (September 8, 2020): 10459–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-10459-2020.

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Abstract. In a series of experiments in an atmospheric simulation chamber (SAPHIR,1 Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany), NO3 reactivity (kNO3) resulting from the reaction of NO3 with isoprene and stable trace gases formed as products was measured directly using a flow tube reactor coupled to a cavity ring-down spectrometer (FT-CRDS). The experiments were carried out in both dry and humid air with variation of the initial mixing ratios of ozone (50–100 ppbv), isoprene (3–22 ppbv) and NO2 (5–30 ppbv). kNO3 was in excellent agreement with values calculated from the isoprene mixing ratio and the rate coefficient for the reaction of NO3 with isoprene. This result serves to confirm that the FT-CRDS returns accurate values of kNO3 even at elevated NO2 concentrations and to show that reactions of NO3 with stable reaction products like non-radical organic nitrates do not contribute significantly to NO3 reactivity during the oxidation of isoprene. A comparison of kNO3 with NO3 reactivities calculated from NO3 mixing ratios and NO3 production rates suggests that organic peroxy radicals and HO2 account for ∼50 % of NO3 losses. This contradicts predictions based on numerical simulations using the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM version 3.3.1) unless the rate coefficient for reaction between NO3 and isoprene-derived RO2 is roughly doubled to ∼5×10-12 cm3 molecule−1 s−1.

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Alfonso-Prieto, Mercedes. "Bitter Taste and Olfactory Receptors: Beyond Chemical Sensing in the Tongue and the Nose." Journal of Membrane Biology 254, no. 4 (June 25, 2021): 343–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00232-021-00182-1.

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Abstract The Up-and-Coming-Scientist section of the current issue of the Journal of Membrane Biology features the invited essay by Dr. Mercedes Alfonso-Prieto, Assistant Professor at the Forschungszentrum Jülich (FZJ), Germany, and the Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Vogt Institute for Brain Research. Dr. Alfonso-Prieto completed her doctoral degree in chemistry at the Barcelona Science Park, Spain, in 2009, pursued post-doctoral research in computational molecular sciences at Temple University, USA, and then, as a Marie Curie post-doctoral fellow at the University of Barcelona, worked on computations of enzyme reactions and modeling of photoswitchable ligands targeting neuronal receptors. In 2016, she joined the Institute for Advanced Science and the Institute for Computational Biomedicine at the FZJ, where she pursues research on modeling and simulation of chemical senses. The invited essay by Dr. Alfonso-Prieto discusses state-of-the-art modeling of molecular receptors involved in chemical sensing – the senses of taste and smell. These receptors, and computational methods to study them, are the focus of Dr. Alfonso-Prieto’s research. Recently, Dr. Alfonso-Prieto and colleagues have presented a new methodology to predict ligand binding poses for GPCRs, and extensive computations that deciphered the ligand selectivity determinants of bitter taste receptors. These developments inform our current understanding of how taste occurs at the molecular level. Graphic Abstract

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