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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fossil Angiosperms

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Academic literature on the topic 'Fossil Angiosperms'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Fossil Angiosperms"

1

Wang, Xin. "A Novel Early Cretaceous Flower and Its Implications on Flower Derivation." Biology 11, no. 7 (July 11, 2022): 1036. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11071036.

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Background: The origin and early evolution of angiosperms, by far the most important plant group for human beings, are questions demanding answers, mainly due to a lack of related fossils. The Yixian Formation (Lower Cretaceous) is famous for its fossils of early angiosperms, and several Early Cretaceous angiosperms with apocarpous gynoecia have been documented. However, a hypanthium and an inferior ovary are lacking in these fossil angiosperms. Methods: The specimen was collected from the outcrop of the Yixian Formation in Dawangzhangzi in the suburb of Lingyuan, Liaoning, China. The specimen was photographed using a Nikon D200 digital camera, and its details were photographed using a Nikon SMZ1500 stereomicroscope and a MAIA3 TESCAN SEM. Results: A fossil angiosperm, Lingyuananthus inexpectus gen. et sp. nov, is reported from the Lower Cretaceous of China. Differing from those documented previously, Lingyuananthus has a hypanthium, an inferior ovary, and ovules inside its ovary. Such a character assemblage indicates its angiospermous affinity, although not expected by any existing leading angiosperm evolutionary theory. Conclusions: New fossil material with a unique character assemblage falls beyond the expectation of the currently widely accepted theories of angiosperm evolution. Together with independently documented fossils of early angiosperms, Lingyuananthus suggests that at least some early angiosperms’ flowers can be derived in a way that has been ignored previously.

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2

Feild, Taylor S., Garland R. Upchurch, David S. Chatelet, Timothy J. Brodribb, Kunsiri C. Grubbs, Marie-Stéphanie Samain, and Stefan Wanke. "Fossil evidence for low gas exchange capacities for Early Cretaceous angiosperm leaves." Paleobiology 37, no. 2 (2011): 195–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/10015.1.

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The photosynthetic gas exchange capacities of early angiosperms remain enigmatic. Nevertheless, many hypotheses about the causes of early angiosperm success and how angiosperms influenced Mesozoic ecosystem function hinge on understanding the maximum capacity for early angiosperm metabolism. We applied structure-functional analyses of leaf veins and stomatal pore geometry to determine the hydraulic and diffusive gas exchange capacities of Early Cretaceous fossil leaves. All of the late Aptian—early Albian angiosperms measured possessed low vein density and low maximal stomatal pore area, indicating low leaf gas exchange capacities in comparison to modern ecologically dominant angiosperms. Gas exchange capacities for Early Cretaceous angiosperms were equivalent or lower than ferns and gymnosperms. Fossil leaf taxa from Aptian to Paleocene sediments previously identified as putative stem-lineages to Austrobaileyales and Chloranthales had the same gas exchange capacities and possibly leaf water relations of their living relatives. Our results provide fossil evidence for the hypothesis that high leaf gas exchange capacity is a derived feature of later angiosperm evolution. In addition, the leaf gas exchange functions of austrobaileyoid and chloranthoid fossils support the hypothesis that comparative research on the biology of living basal angiosperm lineages reveals genuine signals of Early Cretaceous angiosperm ecophysiology.

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Friis, Else Marie, Kaj Raunsgaard Pedersen, and Peter R. Crane. "Diversity in obscurity: fossil flowers and the early history of angiosperms." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 365, no. 1539 (February 12, 2010): 369–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0227.

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In the second half of the nineteenth century, pioneering discoveries of rich assemblages of fossil plants from the Cretaceous resulted in considerable interest in the first appearance of angiosperms in the geological record. Darwin's famous comment, which labelled the ‘rapid development’ of angiosperms an ‘abominable mystery’, dates from this time. Darwin and his contemporaries were puzzled by the relatively late, seemingly sudden and geographically widespread appearance of modern-looking angiosperms in Late Cretaceous floras. Today, the early diversification of angiosperms seems much less ‘rapid’. Angiosperms were clearly present in the Early Cretaceous, 20–30 Myr before they attained the level of ecological dominance reflected in some mid-Cretaceous floras, and angiosperm leaves and pollen show a distinct pattern of steadily increasing diversity and complexity through this interval. Early angiosperm fossil flowers show a similar orderly diversification and also provide detailed insights into the changing reproductive biology and phylogenetic diversity of angiosperms from the Early Cretaceous. In addition, newly discovered fossil flowers indicate considerable, previously unrecognized, cryptic diversity among the earliest angiosperms known from the fossil record. Lineages that today have an herbaceous or shrubby habit were well represented. Monocotyledons, which have previously been difficult to recognize among assemblages of early fossil angiosperms, were also diverse and prominent in many Early Cretaceous ecosystems.

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Bateman, Richard M. "Hunting the Snark: the flawed search for mythical Jurassic angiosperms." Journal of Experimental Botany 71, no. 1 (September 20, 2019): 22–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erz411.

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Abstract Several recent palaeobotanical studies claim to have found and described pre-Cretaceous angiosperm macrofossils. With rare exceptions, these papers fail to define a flower, do not acknowledge that fossils require character-based rather than group-based classification, do not explicitly state which morphological features would unambiguously identify a fossil as angiospermous, ignore the modern conceptual framework of phylogeny reconstruction, and infer features in the fossils in question that are interpreted differently by (or even invisible to) other researchers. This unfortunate situation is compounded by the relevant fossils being highly disarticulated two-dimensional compression-impressions lacking anatomical preservation. Given current evidence, all supposed pre-Cretaceous angiosperms are assignable to other major clades among the gymnosperms sensu lato. By any workable morphological definition, flowers are not confined to, and therefore cannot delimit, the angiosperm clade. More precisely defined character states that are potentially diagnostic of angiosperms must by definition originate on the phylogenetic branch that immediately precedes the angiosperm crown group. Although the most reliable candidates for diagnostic characters (triploid endosperm reflecting double fertilization, closed carpel, bitegmic ovule, and phloem companion cells) are rarely preserved and/or difficult to detect unambiguously, similar characters have occasionally been preserved in high-quality permineralized non-angiosperm fossils. The angiosperm radiation documented by Early Cretaceous fossils involves only lineages closely similar to extant taxonomic families, lacks obvious morphological gaps, and (as agreed by both the fossil record and molecular phylogenies) was relatively rapid—all features that suggest a primary radiation. It is unlikely that ancestors of the crown group common ancestor would have fulfilled a character-based definition of (and thereby required expansion of the concept of) an angiosperm; they would instead form a new element of the non-angiosperm members of the ‘anthophyte’ grade, competing with Caytonia to be viewed as morphologically determined sister group for angiosperms. Conclusions drawn from molecular phylogenetics should not be allowed to routinely constrain palaeobotanical inferences; reciprocal illumination between different categories of data offers greater explanatory power than immediately resorting to Grand Syntheses. The Jurassic angiosperm—essentially a product of molecular phylogenetics—may have become the holy grail of palaeobotany but it appears equally mythical.

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Chopparapu, Chinnappa, Rajanikanth Annamraju, Pauline Sabina Kavali, and ConfiguraçõesSarah Gonçalves Duarte. "Angiosperms from the Early Cretaceous sediments of India." Geologia USP. Série Científica 20, no. 4 (December 17, 2020): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9095.v20-171976.

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This study presents the first report of angiosperm macrofossil assemblage from the Early Cretaceous sediments of India, containing a fruit, a spike, a petal, leaves, and an axis from the Krishna Godavari Basin. This assemblage provides clues to angiosperm evolution and ecology during the Early Cretaceous of India. The described enigmatic forms are comparable to fruits of Trapa, and palm leaves and spikes of Potamogeton. The fossil material also includes ribbon-like leaves with a small axis; fossil remains suggest affinity with the monocotyledon group and support recent morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies to establish the divergence of this group from dicotyledons, during the early Cretaceous. Fossils described in the present study suggest an affinity for an aquatic environment that appears to be ideal for some early angiosperms.

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Herman, A. B., V. V. Kostyleva, P. A. Nikolskii, A. E. Basilyan, and A. E. Kotel’nikov. "New data on the late cretaceous flora of the New Siberia island, New Siberian Islands." Стратиграфия 27, no. 3 (April 22, 2019): 53–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869-592x27353-69.

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New plant fossils collected in 2016 from the Derevyannye Gory Formation on the New Siberia Island are studied. Thirty species of fossil plants are identified and illustrated. They belong to liverworts, ferns, ginkgoaleans, conifers and angiosperms. Sixteen of them have not beed found in the New Siberia Flora before. A new angiosperm species Dalembia (?) gracilis Herman is described. The New Siberia Flora is characterised by a moderately high taxonomic diversity, predominance of conifers and angiosperms with large-leafed platanoids and trochodendroids being the most abundant among angiosperms, by predominance of dentate-margined angiosperms and rarity of plants with entire-margined leaves, and by absence of cycadaleans and bennettitaleans. The flora existed during the Turonian–Coniacian time interval and most probably should be dated as Turonian. Plants of the New Siberia Flora experienced a warm-temperate humid climate with warm summers, mild frost-free winters and insignificant seasonality in precipitation.

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Han, Lei, Ya Zhao, Ming Zhao, Jie Sun, Bainian Sun, and Xin Wang. "New Fossil Evidence Suggests That Angiosperms Flourished in the Middle Jurassic." Life 13, no. 3 (March 17, 2023): 819. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13030819.

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Angiosperms are a group of plants with the highest rate of evolution, the largest number of species, the widest distribution and the strongest adaptability. Needless to say, angiosperms are the most important group for the humans. The studies on the origin, evolution and systematics of angiosperms have been the major challenges in plant sciences. However, the origin and early history of angiosperms remains poorly understood and controversial among paleobotanists. Some paleobotanists insist that there were no angiosperms in the pre-Cretaceous age. However, this conclusion is facing increasing challenges from fossil evidence, especially Early Jurassic Nanjinganthus, which is based on over two hundred specimens of fossil flowers. Studying more fossil plants is the only reliable way to elucidate the origin and early evolution of angiosperms. Here, we document a new species of angiosperms, Qingganninginfructus formosa gen. et sp. nov, and provide the first detailed three-dimensional morphology of Qingganninginfructus gen. nov from the Middle Jurassic of Northwest China. A Micro-CT examination shows that the best-preserved fossil infructescence has eleven samaroid fruits, each with a single basal ovule. Since these fossils are distinct in morphology and organization from all organs of known gymnosperms and angiosperms (the latter are defined by their enclosed ovules), we interpret Qingganninginfructus as a new genus of angiosperms including a new species, Q. formosa gen. et sp. nov., and an unspecified species from the Middle Jurassic of Northwest China. The discovery of this new genus of angiosperms from the Middle Jurassic, in addition to the existing records, undermines the “no angiosperms until the Cretaceous” stereotype and updates the perspective on the origin and early history of angiosperms.

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Romero, Edgardo J., and Ricardo Palma. "Early angiosperm fossil leaves in Chubut Group, Cretaceous, Argentina." Paleontological Society Special Publications 6 (1992): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200008108.

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The oldest angiosperm leaves from Patagonia were reported from Baquero Formation (Barremian-Aptian) in a mesofitic flora of more than one hundred gymnosperm and fern species. The next younger records are from the Chubut Group, a thick assemblage of pyroclastic sediments, with sand and conglomerate facies and frequent paleosols. In the Sierra de San Bernardo area sediments are mainly tufaceous and fluvial, deposited under an arid climate in shallow lakes and swamps of the alluvial plains. The sea was hundreds of kilometers to the West. Four Formations were described: Matasiete (Aptian), Castillo and Bajo Barreal (Senonian) and Laguna Palacios (Campanian-Maastrichtian). We explored in the Senonian Formations, and studied a few outcrops that can be sorted as:a) Monospecific, with only Onychiopsis sp., in palustral sediments. b) Strongly dominated by Eauisetum sp, and few remains of two dicot species with large, entire margined, low rank leaves, in palustral sediments. c) Strongly dominated by two species of angiosperms with small leaves, associated with remains of conifers in tufaceous beds deposited in the alluvial plain. d) Dominated by a few species of dicots, with medium size, entire margined leaves. Also with about 10 species of ferns, gymnosperms and lobate angiosperms. They are in alluvial plains sediments. e) More balanced associations, with several abundant species, including angiosperms with lobate and leaves. They are in fluvial sediments.Although angiosperm radiation and taphonomy undoubtedly accounts for differences of plant composition between outcrops, it seems apparent that the record of early angiosperms in Chubut Group is represented by remains of many different plant associations, with few species, adapted to different environments, that probably coexisted, and developed under an arid climate, far from the sea.

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Santos, Artai A., and Xin Wang. "Pre-Carpels from the Middle Triassic of Spain." Plants 11, no. 21 (October 25, 2022): 2833. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11212833.

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In stark contrast to the multitude of hypotheses on carpel evolution, there is little fossil evidence testing these hypotheses. The recent discovery of angiosperms from the Early Jurassic makes the search for precursors of angiosperm carpels in the Triassic more promising. Our light microscopic and SEM observations on Combina gen. nov., a cone-like organ from the Middle Triassic of Spain, indicate that its lateral unit includes an axillary anatropous ovule and a subtending bract, and the latter almost fully encloses the former. Such an observation not only favors one of the theoretical predictions but also makes some Mesozoic gymnosperms (especially conifers and Combina) comparable to some angiosperms. Combina gen. nov. appears to be an important chimeric fossil plant that may complete the evidence chain of the origin of carpels in geological history, partially narrowing the gap between angiosperms and gymnosperms.

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Wang, Xin. "Origin of Angiosperms: Problems, Challenges, and Solutions." Life 13, no. 10 (October 9, 2023): 2029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13102029.

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Angiosperms are frequently assumed to constitute a monophyletic group. Therefore, the origin of angiosperms is a key question in systematic botany since the answer to this question is hinged with many questions concerned with angiosperm evolution. Previously, the lack of fossil evidence undermines the robustness of related hypotheses, and explains the instability of the systematics of angiosperms in the past century. With increasing evidence of early angiosperms, the origin and early evolution of angiosperms become approachable targets. However, reaching a strict consensus is still a mission impossible now: there are too many issues open to debate. A good sign in research is that palaeobotanists started addressing the issue of criterion identifying angiosperms, this would bring order in studies of early angiosperms. Several flaws in fundamental concepts inflicting botany require efforts to elucidate and remedy. The author here opens a discussion on these problems, hoping that more botanists will join to discuss and clarify previously blurry concepts and place a solid foundation for future development in botany.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fossil Angiosperms"

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Osborn, Jeffrey Mark. "Comparative ultrastructure of fossil gymnosperm pollen and implications regarding the origin of angiosperms /." The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487757723994964.

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Crifo, Camilla. "VARIATIONS IN ANGIOSPERM LEAF VEIN DENSITY HAVE IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERPRETING LIFE FORM IN THE FOSSIL RECORD." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1375987428.

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Eberlein, Mareike. "Bestimmungs- und Verbreitungsatlas der Tertiärflora Sachsens – Angiospermenblätter und Ginkgo." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-171947.

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Die vorliegende Dissertation stellt den ersten Teil eines Nachschlagewerks zur Tertiärflora Sachsens dar. Dieser Teil umfasst alle Taxa, die sich auf Angiospermenblätter und auf Ginkgo gründen. Auf einen Überblick zum regionalgeologischen Kenntnisstand des Tertiärs in Sachsen folgend, werden phytostratigrafische Konzepte vorgestellt und ein historischer Abriss der tertiärpaläobotanischen Forschung in Sachsen gegeben. Nach einer Erfassung aller bis Ende 2013 für das sächsische Tertiär publizierten pflanzlichen Makrofossilien und deren Fundorte (Primärdaten), welche durch projektbezogene Qualifikationsarbeiten Dritter durch zusätzliche Attribute ergänzt und vereinheitlicht wurden, werden die fossilen Taxa von Angiospermenblättern selektiert, deren Daten harmonisiert, ausgewertet und auf einen einheitlichen Forschungsstand gebracht. Für 187 von 235 untersuchten Taxa werden Datenblätter für einen Bestimmungsatlas erstellt. In diesem Atlas werden makro- und mikromorphologische Merkmale der Arten beschrieben, sowie Angaben zur Systematik, Synonymie, Paläoökologie und räumlicher und zeitlicher Verbreitung gemacht. Der beschreibende Teil wird durch Abbildungen und instruktive Zeichnungen ergänzt. Im Ergebnisteil werden die Daten nach ihrer Qualität innerhalb der Literatur begutachtet und anwendungsbezogen diskutiert. Eine Bibliografie der umfangreichen paläobotanischen Literatur für sächsische Pflanzenfossilien rundet die Arbeit ab. Um die taxon- und fundortbezogenen Daten visualisieren und effektiv verwalten zu können, werden diese in ein Open Source-Geoinformationssystem (GIS) überführt. Die im GIS implementierten Untersuchungsergebnisse ermöglichen erstmalig sowohl eine Generierung von Verbreitungs-karten für die Taxa tertiärer Angiospermenblätter und des Ginkgos in Sachsen als auch eine Abfrage von topografischen, geologischen und paläobotanischen Informationen zu den Fossilfundstellen. Ein für das Fossilmaterial entwickelter Bestimmungsschlüssel erlaubt zudem eine grobe Determination der Funde im Gelände. Das Kompendium wird in gedruckter und digitaler Version für die freie Nutzung zur Verfügung gestellt
The thesis represents the first part of a reference book to the Tertiary flora of Saxony. All taxa based on leaves of angiosperms and on Ginkgo are included in this compendium. After an overview about the geological state of knowledge on the Tertiary in Saxony, phytostratigraphic concepts are introduced and a historical survey on the Tertiary paleobotanical research in Saxony is given. All plant macrofossils published from Saxonian Tertiary until end of 2013 and their sites of discovery (primary data) were recorded. This data were supplemented by additional attributes and unified through project-based M.Sc. theses. Subsequently, taxa of fossil leaves were selected, their data evaluated and brought to a consistent state of research. Data sheets for 187 out of 235 examined taxa were established for a determination atlas. Macro- and micromorphological attributes are described in this atlas and information are given about the systematic, synonymy, palaeoecology and spatial and temporal distribution. The describing part is illustrated by images and instructive drawings. The documented data were surveyed and discussed related to their quality within the literature in the result part. A bibliography of the extensive palaeobotanical literature for plant fossils of Saxony completes the work. The taxon and locality related data are implemented into an open source geographical information system (GIS) in order to visualize and to manage them effectively. For the first time, the results of this thesis implemented in the GIS allow the generation of distribution maps for the taxa of leaves of Tertiary angiospermes and Ginkgo in Saxony. Furthermore it enables to query topographical, geological and paleobotanical information about the fossil sites. A determination key was developed for the fossil material that allows a rough determination of the findings in the field. The compendium will be available for free use in a printed as well as in a digital version

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Nohra, Youssef A. "Résines végétales actuelles et fossiles : origine, caractérisation chimique et évolution." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1S165.

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Les travaux de cette thèse portent sur la caractérisation chimique des ambres provenant de plusieurs gisements d’âges et d’origines géographiques variés, dont certains sont inédits. Des protocoles identiques à tous les échantillons et combinant les analyses spectroscopiques (IR et RMN 13C) et chromatographiques (THM-CPG-SM) ont été appliqués, permettant d’identifier l’origine botanique des ambres et fournissant des indices pour la reconstitution des paléoenvironnements terrestres. La caractérisation chimique des gisements d’ambre du Jurassique supérieur (Kimméridgien) jusqu’au Crétacé supérieur (Santonien) du Liban, de Jordanie, du Congo, d’Equateur et de France, permet de proposer des biomarqueurs pour les résines de Cheirolepidiaceae, une famille exclusivement mésozoïque de Conifères. Une évolution des sources botaniques des résines produites durant le Mésozoïque et le Cénozoïque est alors discutée. Une production dominée par les familles de Conifères Araucariaceae et Cheirolepidiaceae est remarquée au Jurassique supérieur et Crétacé inférieur. La production au Crétacé supérieur est plutôt dominée par des Cupressaceae. Au Cénozoïque, les origines botaniques des ambres sont plus variées, et des familles d’Angiospermes sont à l’origine de nombreux gisements, dont l’ambre du Pérou produit par une Fabaceae. La production par des Conifères reste toutefois importante au Tertiaire, à l’exemple des ambres de Nouvelle-Zélande qui ont pour origine les Araucariaceae. Les données obtenues ont permis une ré-évaluation de la classification des ambres par Py-GC-MS. Ainsi, une nouvelle molécule dont la structure est inconnue encore, a été identifiée dans les chromatogrammes d’ambres de classe Ib et Ic, ajoutant un caractère discriminant entre ces deux sous-classes. Enfin, la relation âge / maturation des résines fossiles est discutée, qui dépend avant tout des conditions d’enfouissement des résines. Une large base de données moléculaires est ainsi établie pour un grand nombre de gisements d’âges et d’origines botaniques variés, qui permettra une comparaison globale dans les travaux futurs
This work focuses on the chemical characterisation of amber from different outcrops from different localities, and varied ages. Some of these outcrops had never been studied. All the amber samples were analysed with the same analytical techniques. The combination of the data obtained from spectroscopic (IR and 13C NMR) and chromatographic (THM-GC-MS) analysis allows the identification of the botanical origin of the amber and provide some information, for the reconstruction of the palaeoenvironment. Biomarkers for the cheirolepidiaceous resins were proposed based on the chemical characterisation of different amber outcrops dating from the Upper Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) to the Upper Cretaceous (Santonian) from Lebanon, Jordan, Congo, Ecuador and France. The Cheirolepidiaceae familt was exclusively present in the Mesozoic era. Hence, the evolution of the botanical origins of the produced resins during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras was discussed. It seems that Araucariaceae and Cheirolepidiaceae were the dominant resin producing trees during the Upper Jurassic and the Lower Cretaceous. While, cupressaceous resiniferous plants were dominant during the Upper Cretaceous. Howerver, resins dating from the Cenozoic era, were produced by a wider variety of plants, as resiniferous families of Angiosperm intensively participated in the resin production, i.e. the Peruvian amber produced by Fabaceae. Conifer resins traces were also detected in the Tertiary, such as the amber from the Araucariaceae found in New Zealand. The obtained data allowed a re-evaluation of the classification of ambers by Py-GC-MS, leading to the discovery of a novel molecule. This molecule of an unknown structure brings a new discrimination factor between the classes Ib and Ic. Finally, the age / maturity relationship is showed to be dependent on the burial and the conservation conditions of the resins. A broad molecular database is established based a large group of amber outcrops from different ages, and having diverse botanical origins. This database could be used as a comparative platform for further work in the future

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Currano, Ellen Diane. "Variations in insect herbivory on angiosperm leaves through the late Paleocene and early Eocene in the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, USA /." View online, 2008. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideFiles/ETD-2863/Thesis_Currano_final.pdf.

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6

Eberlein, Mareike. "Bestimmungs- und Verbreitungsatlas der Tertiärflora Sachsens – Angiospermenblätter und Ginkgo." Doctoral thesis, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A28791.

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Abstract:

Die vorliegende Dissertation stellt den ersten Teil eines Nachschlagewerks zur Tertiärflora Sachsens dar. Dieser Teil umfasst alle Taxa, die sich auf Angiospermenblätter und auf Ginkgo gründen. Auf einen Überblick zum regionalgeologischen Kenntnisstand des Tertiärs in Sachsen folgend, werden phytostratigrafische Konzepte vorgestellt und ein historischer Abriss der tertiärpaläobotanischen Forschung in Sachsen gegeben. Nach einer Erfassung aller bis Ende 2013 für das sächsische Tertiär publizierten pflanzlichen Makrofossilien und deren Fundorte (Primärdaten), welche durch projektbezogene Qualifikationsarbeiten Dritter durch zusätzliche Attribute ergänzt und vereinheitlicht wurden, werden die fossilen Taxa von Angiospermenblättern selektiert, deren Daten harmonisiert, ausgewertet und auf einen einheitlichen Forschungsstand gebracht. Für 187 von 235 untersuchten Taxa werden Datenblätter für einen Bestimmungsatlas erstellt. In diesem Atlas werden makro- und mikromorphologische Merkmale der Arten beschrieben, sowie Angaben zur Systematik, Synonymie, Paläoökologie und räumlicher und zeitlicher Verbreitung gemacht. Der beschreibende Teil wird durch Abbildungen und instruktive Zeichnungen ergänzt. Im Ergebnisteil werden die Daten nach ihrer Qualität innerhalb der Literatur begutachtet und anwendungsbezogen diskutiert. Eine Bibliografie der umfangreichen paläobotanischen Literatur für sächsische Pflanzenfossilien rundet die Arbeit ab. Um die taxon- und fundortbezogenen Daten visualisieren und effektiv verwalten zu können, werden diese in ein Open Source-Geoinformationssystem (GIS) überführt. Die im GIS implementierten Untersuchungsergebnisse ermöglichen erstmalig sowohl eine Generierung von Verbreitungs-karten für die Taxa tertiärer Angiospermenblätter und des Ginkgos in Sachsen als auch eine Abfrage von topografischen, geologischen und paläobotanischen Informationen zu den Fossilfundstellen. Ein für das Fossilmaterial entwickelter Bestimmungsschlüssel erlaubt zudem eine grobe Determination der Funde im Gelände. Das Kompendium wird in gedruckter und digitaler Version für die freie Nutzung zur Verfügung gestellt.
The thesis represents the first part of a reference book to the Tertiary flora of Saxony. All taxa based on leaves of angiosperms and on Ginkgo are included in this compendium. After an overview about the geological state of knowledge on the Tertiary in Saxony, phytostratigraphic concepts are introduced and a historical survey on the Tertiary paleobotanical research in Saxony is given. All plant macrofossils published from Saxonian Tertiary until end of 2013 and their sites of discovery (primary data) were recorded. This data were supplemented by additional attributes and unified through project-based M.Sc. theses. Subsequently, taxa of fossil leaves were selected, their data evaluated and brought to a consistent state of research. Data sheets for 187 out of 235 examined taxa were established for a determination atlas. Macro- and micromorphological attributes are described in this atlas and information are given about the systematic, synonymy, palaeoecology and spatial and temporal distribution. The describing part is illustrated by images and instructive drawings. The documented data were surveyed and discussed related to their quality within the literature in the result part. A bibliography of the extensive palaeobotanical literature for plant fossils of Saxony completes the work. The taxon and locality related data are implemented into an open source geographical information system (GIS) in order to visualize and to manage them effectively. For the first time, the results of this thesis implemented in the GIS allow the generation of distribution maps for the taxa of leaves of Tertiary angiospermes and Ginkgo in Saxony. Furthermore it enables to query topographical, geological and paleobotanical information about the fossil sites. A determination key was developed for the fossil material that allows a rough determination of the findings in the field. The compendium will be available for free use in a printed as well as in a digital version.

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Zahajská, Petra. "Studium autekologie vybraných taxonů křídových rostlin pomocí izotopů uhlíku." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-344172.

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1 Abstract This thesis presents an analysis of fossil plants from the Cenomanian Peruc-Korycany Formation of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin and from the Bückeberg Formation of the Lower Saxony Basin in Germany. Based on earlier studies, both areas provide sediments that are considered to have developed in tidally influenced fluvial systems. Studied fossil plants are represented by ginkgoalean plant leaves (Ertemophyllum, Tritaenia), branches of conifers (Frenelopsis) and lauroid angiosperms (Eucalyptolaurus). Frenelopsis, Eretmophyllum and Tritaenia are considered to be halophytic plants, while Lauroid angiosperms were considered to grow in fresh water conditions. The fossil plants were studied using cuticle analysis and two methods of stable carbon isotope analysis: Bulk carbon isotope analysis and Compound Specific Isotope analysis. For cuticle analysis samples were observed and documented macroscopically and microscopically. To specify the environmental conditions, recent samples from three salt marshes in Great Britain were studied and analysed using the same methods as the fossil samples. The data from all observations and measurements were processed and their interpretation supported the modelled environment based on the sedimentological data. Frenelopsis were growing in a haline environment with low...

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Books on the topic "Fossil Angiosperms"

1

Dilcher, David L. A middle Eocene fossil plant assemblage (Powers clay pit) from western Tennessee. Gainesville, FL: Florida Museum of Natural History, 2005.

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Johnson, Kirk R. Description of seven common fossil leaf species from the Hell Creek Formation (Upper Cretaceous: upper Maastrichtian), North Dakota, South Dakota, and Montana. Denver, Colo: Denver Museum of Natural History, 1996.

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Upchurch, Garland R. The megaflora from the Quantico locality (Upper Albian), Lower Cretaceous Potomac Group of Virginia. Martinsville: Virginia Museum of Natural History, 1994.

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1958-, Taylor David W., Hickey Leo J, and American Institute of Biological Sciences. Meeting, eds. Flowering plant origin, evolution & phylogeny. New York: Chapman & Hall, 1996.

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1943-, Ge Sun, and Nishida Harufumi, eds. 3D models of two species of Archaefructus, one of the earliest angiosperms, reconstructed taking account of their ecological strategies. Katsuyama, Fukui, Japan]: Fukui Prefectural Dinosaur Museum, 2005.

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Jeff, Ollerton, and Coulthard Emma (Biologist), eds. A probable pollination mode before angiosperms: Eurasian, long-proboscid scorpionflies. [Washigton, DC: American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2009.

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R, Crane Peter, and Pedersen Kaj Raunsgaard, eds. Early flowers and angiosperm evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.

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Miklausen, Anthony J. The brown algal origin of land plants and the algal origin of life on earth and in the universe. Shippensburg, PA: Ragged Edge Press, 1997.

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Krasilov, Valentin Abramovich. Cercidiphyllum and fossil allies: Morphological interpretation and general problems of plant evolution and development. Sofia, Bulgaria: Pensoft, 2010.

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Hakubutsukan, Ōsaka Shiritsu Shizenshi. Miki Shigeru Hakushi shūshū shokubutsu kaseki oyobi gensei shokubutsu hyōhon mokuroku =: A list of fossil and extant plant specimens collected by Dr. Shigeru Miki. Ōsaka-shi: Ōsaka Shiritsu Shizenshi Hakubutsukan, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fossil Angiosperms"

1

Wang, Xin. "Fossil Plants Possibly Related to Angiosperms." In The Dawn Angiosperms, 259–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58325-9_7.

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Friis, Else Marie, Peter R. Crane, and Kaj Raunsgaard Pedersen. "Fossil History of Magnoliid Angiosperms." In Evolution and Diversification of Land Plants, 121–56. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-65918-1_6.

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Wang, Xin. "Background for the Plant Fossils." In The Dawn Angiosperms, 29–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01161-0_4.

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Wang, Xin. "Background for the Plant Fossils." In The Dawn Angiosperms, 47–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58325-9_4.

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Wang, Xin. "Flower-Related Fossils from the Jurassic." In The Dawn Angiosperms, 91–153. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01161-0_6.

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Wang, Xin. "Flower-Related Fossils from the Jurassic." In The Dawn Angiosperms, 151–258. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58325-9_6.

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Castañeda-Posadas, Carlos, María de Jesús Hernández–Hernández, and Dulce María Figueroa–Castro. "Importance of the Angiosperm Fossil Record for the Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction." In Springer Geology, 225–39. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-51034-2_9.

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Wang, Xin. "New Fossils and New Hope for the Origin of Angiosperms." In Evolutionary Biology, 51–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00952-5_3.

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Doyle, James A., and Carol L. Hotton. "Diversification of early angiosperm pollen in a cladistic context." In Pollen and Spores, 169–96. Oxford University PressOxford, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198577461.003.0009.

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Abstract Comparisons of early fossil angiosperm pollen types with cladograms of extant angiosperms permit firmer inferences on affinities of fossils and bear on competing hypotheses of relationships among taxa. The shortest trees root angiosperms in or near Magnoliales, implying that granular monosulcate pollen is primitive, but trees rooted among herbaceous magnoliids and monocots (paleoherbs), supported by molecular data, are almost as parsimonious. The five main clades of angiosperms are all represented by the Barremian-Aptian, confirming their status as early lines. Large, granular monosulcates from the Potomac Group (Lethomasites) may represent core Magnoliales.

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Kenrick, P. "FOSSIL PLANTS | Angiosperms." In Encyclopedia of Geology, 418–27. Elsevier, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-12-369396-9/00018-6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fossil Angiosperms"

1

Frolov, А. О., and I. V. Enushchenko. "The first discovery leaves of angiosperms in the Middle Jurassic deposits in Eastern Siberia." In Problems of studying the vegetation cover of Siberia. TSU Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/978-5-94621-927-3-2020-42.

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There is fossil of linear whole-marginal leaves with parallel venation in the Middle Jurassic (Aalenian) sediments of the Irkutsk Coal Basin, were found. During the study of cuticle preparations it was found that leaves were steam-bearing, has anastomoses between veins, anomocytic stomata and the diamond-shaped main cells of the epidermis. Such a combination of characters is widespread in modern monocotyledonous and is absent among fossil as well as modern sporeals and gymnosperms plants. We have every reason to believe that we have found unique structures of leaves characteristic of monocotyledons. This find is the oldest among the herbaceous angiosperms of the Jurassic period, such as Yuraherba and Yukhaniya, and the first found in Siberia.

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Rodriguez Rodriguez, Ivan Felipe, Thomas Fel, Mohit Vaishnav, Peter Wilf, and Thomas Serre. "USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TO IDENTIFY FOSSIL ANGIOSPERM LEAVES AT FAMILY LEVEL." In GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-382974.

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