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Journal articles on the topic 'Fossil charcoal'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 February 2022

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1

Sander, P. Martin, and Carole T. Gee. "Fossil charcoal: techniques and applications." Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 63, no. 3-4 (1990): 269–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0034-6667(90)90104-q.

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2

Kaffash, Hamideh, Gerrit Ralf Surup, and Merete Tangstad. "Densification of Biocarbon and Its Effect on CO2 Reactivity." Processes 9, no. 2 (2021): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9020193.

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Charcoal is an interesting reducing agent because it is produced from biomass which is renewable and does not contribute to global warming, provided that there is a balance between the felling of timber and growth of trees. Biocarbon is a promising alternative to fossil reductants for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing sustainability of the metallurgical industry. In comparison to conventional reductants (i.e., petroleum coke, coal and metallurgical coke), charcoal has a low density, low mechanical properties and high CO2 reactivity, which are undesirable in ferroalloy production

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3

SCOTT, ANDREW C., and TIMOTHY P. JONES. "Fossil charcoal: a plant-fossil record preserved by fire." Geology Today 7, no. 6 (1991): 214–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2451.1991.tb00806.x.

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4

Halsall, Karen M., Vanessa M. Ellingsen, Johan Asplund, Richard HW Bradshaw, and Mikael Ohlson. "Fossil charcoal quantification using manual and image analysis approaches." Holocene 28, no. 8 (2018): 1345–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683618771488.

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Charcoal particles are evidence of past fire events and macro-charcoal particles have been shown to represent local fire events. There are several methods for the preparation and quantification of macro-charcoal particles, none of which have been universally accepted as standard. Very few studies compare methodological differences and no studies to date compare quantification by mass with quantification by volume using image analysis. Using three cores taken from a peatland located in SE Norway, we compare these two established methods using a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) and a split-

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5

Lynch, Jason A., James S. Clark, and Brian J. Stocks. "Charcoal production, dispersal, and deposition from the Fort Providence experimental fire: interpreting fire regimes from charcoal records in boreal forests." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 34, no. 8 (2004): 1642–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x04-071.

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The relationship between charcoal production from fires and charcoal deposition in lakes is poorly understood, which limits the interpretation of sediment charcoal records. This calibration study assessed charcoal particle production, size, and transport during the International Crown Fire Modelling Experiment (ICFME) and compared fossil charcoal particle accumulation from 16 lakes in boreal forests of North America. Particle accumulation averaged 20.1 mm2·cm2 inside the ICFME fire; accumulation declined sharply outside the fire, with only 1% of the measured particles transported beyond 20 m

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6

Jones, Timothy P., and William G. Chaloner. "Fossil charcoal, its recognition and palaeoatmospheric significance." Global and Planetary Change 5, no. 1-2 (1991): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-8181(91)90125-g.

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7

Jones, Timothy P., and William G. Chaloner. "Fossil charcoal, its recognition and palaeoatmospheric significance." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 97, no. 1-2 (1991): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(91)90180-y.

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8

Crawford, A. J., S. J. Baker, and C. M. Belcher. "Fossil charcoals from the Lower Jurassic challenge assumptions about charcoal morphology and identification." Palaeontology 61, no. 1 (2017): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pala.12337.

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9

Crawford, Alastair J., and Claire M. Belcher. "Volumetric measurement of fossil charcoal: Principles, applications and potential." Holocene 30, no. 10 (2020): 1481–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683620932971.

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Quantifying sedimentary charcoal content by estimation of volume from two-dimensional images is a relatively new and little-used method, but has the potential to improve the accuracy of fire histories. It requires a power transformation of area data, and multiplication by a coefficient to account for particle shape. The latter step has been routinely overlooked, or considered unnecessary, with volume estimates made simply by power transformation of the area data. Some researchers have used the method on the basis of the power transformation only, and others have rejected it as unnecessary on t

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10

Cui, Qiao-Yu, Marie-José Gaillard, Boris Vannière, et al. "Evaluating fossil charcoal representation in small peat bogs: Detailed Holocene fire records from southern Sweden." Holocene 30, no. 11 (2020): 1540–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683620941069.

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In this study, we assess how representative a single charcoal record from a peat profile in small bogs (1.5–2 ha in area) is for the reconstruction of Holocene fire history. We use high-resolution macrocharcoal (>250 μm) analysis of continuous series of 2 cm3 samples from two small bogs in southern Sweden. We compare (1) duplicate charcoal records from the same core, (2) duplicate charcoal records from profiles in the same site (10 m apart), and (3) charcoal records from two sites within the same region (15 km apart). Comparisons are made for charcoal counts and area expressed as accumulati

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11

Patterson, William A., Kevin J. Edwards, and David J. Maguire. "Microscopic charcoal as a fossil indicator of fire." Quaternary Science Reviews 6, no. 1 (1987): 3–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-3791(87)90012-6.

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12

Winkler, Marjorie Green. "Charcoal Analysis for Paleoenvironmental Interpretation: A Chemical Assay." Quaternary Research 23, no. 3 (1985): 313–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(85)90038-9.

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A nitric acid digestion and ignition technique developed to measure relative frequencies of charcoal in lake and bog sediments measures the weight of charcoal relative to the dry weight of the sample (percentage charcoal) and gives results comparable to counting of microscopic charcoal. Differences in the two techniques caused by changes in sediment type were found especially in postsettlement and late-glacial parts of cores. Charcoal values from sediments less than 100-yr old cannot be compared to older charcoal values unless wood charcoal and charcoal from fossil fuel burning are separated m

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13

Clark, James S. "Stratigraphic Charcoal Analysis on Petrographic Thin Sections: Application to Fire History in Northwestern Minnesota." Quaternary Research 30, no. 1 (1988): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(88)90089-0.

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Results of stratigraphic charcoal analysis from thin sections of varved lake sediments have been compared with fire scars on red pine trees in northwestern Minnesota to determine if charcoal data accurately reflect fire regimes. Pollen and opaque-spherule analyses were completed from a short core to confirm that laminations were annual over the last 350 yr. A good correspondence was found between fossil-charcoal and fire-scar data. Individual fires could be identified as specific peaks in the charcoal curves, and times of reduced fire frequency were reflected in the charcoal data. Charcoal was

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14

CHALONER, W. G. "Fossil charcoal as an indicator of palaeoatmospheric oxygen level." Journal of the Geological Society 146, no. 1 (1989): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.146.1.0171.

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15

Cohen-Ofri, Ilit, Lev Weiner, Elisabetta Boaretto, Genia Mintz, and Steve Weiner. "Modern and fossil charcoal: aspects of structure and diagenesis." Journal of Archaeological Science 33, no. 3 (2006): 428–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2005.08.008.

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16

Surup, Gerrit Ralf, Anna Trubetskaya, and Merete Tangstad. "Life Cycle Assessment of Renewable Reductants in the Ferromanganese Alloy Production: A Review." Processes 9, no. 1 (2021): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9010185.

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This study examined the literature on life cycle assessment on the ferromanganese alloy production route. The environmental impacts of raw material acquisition through the production of carbon reductants to the production of ferromanganese alloys were examined and compared. The transition from the current fossil fuel-based production to a more sustainable production route was reviewed. Besides the environmental impact, policy and socioeconomic impacts were considered due to evaluation course of differences in the production routes. Charcoal has the potential to substantially replace fossil fue

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17

Solar, Jon, Blanca María Caballero, Carmen Barriocanal, Alexander Lopez-Urionabarrenechea, and Esther Acha. "Impact of the Addition of Pyrolysed Forestry Waste to the Coking Process on the Resulting Green Biocoke." Metals 11, no. 4 (2021): 613. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11040613.

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The suitability of the charcoal obtained from woody biomass pyrolysis in a continuous screw reactor at 573, 773, 973, 1173 K temperature profile as fuel and reducing agent in metallurgical applications has been evaluated, in order to reduce the CO2 emissions in these processes. On the one hand, a comparative study between charcoal and commercial reducers has been carried out. On the other hand, different proportions of this charcoal have been added to an industrial coking coal blend and carbonized together in a semi-pilot movable wall oven, to study the influence in the plastic and mechanical

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18

Schönenberger, Jürg. "Rise from the ashes – the reconstruction of charcoal fossil flowers." Trends in Plant Science 10, no. 9 (2005): 436–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2005.07.006.

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19

Belcher, Claire M. "The influence of leaf morphology on litter flammability and its utility for interpreting palaeofire." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 371, no. 1696 (2016): 20150163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0163.

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Studies of palaeofire rely on quantifying the abundance of fossil charcoals in sediments to estimate changes in fire activity. However, gaining an understanding of the behaviour of palaeofires is also essential if we are to determine the palaeoecological impact of wildfires. Here, I use experimental approaches to explore relationships between litter fire behaviour and leaf traits that are observable in the fossil record. Fire calorimetry was used to assess the flammability of 15 species of conifer litter and indicated that leaf morphology related to litter bulk density and fuel load that deter

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20

Feurdean, Angelica. "Experimental production of charcoal morphologies to discriminate fuel source and fire type: an example from Siberian taiga." Biogeosciences 18, no. 12 (2021): 3805–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3805-2021.

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Abstract. The analysis of charcoal fragments in peat and lake sediments is the most widely used approach to reconstruct past biomass burning. With a few exceptions, this method typically relies on the quantification of the total charcoal content of the sediment. To enhance charcoal analyses for the reconstruction of past fire regimes and make the method more relevant to studies of both plant evolution and fire management, the extraction of more information from charcoal particles is critical. Here, I used a muffle oven to burn seven fuel types comprising 17 species from boreal Siberia (near Te

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21

Yandri, Pitri. "Karakter Giffen Pada Komoditas Arang Tempurung Kelapa." Liquidity 6, no. 2 (2018): 141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32546/lq.v6i2.33.

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The problem of rising fossil energy faced with the limited availability of the commodity in the future. Therefore, it needs new energy sources to tackle the issue. An alternative that can help the economy is the utilization of waste coconut shell that is processed into charcoal. With using principal component analysis, the result of the estimation indicates, there is a unique character that is contained in the shell charcoal commodity. The character of shell charcoal is closed to Giffen goods behavior. The most logical answer is because charcoal is the main raw material of shell burning for a

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22

Burney, David A. "Late Holocene Environmental Changes in Arid Southwestern Madagascar." Quaternary Research 40, no. 1 (1993): 98–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.1993.1060.

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AbstractA 5000-yr stratigraphic record containing fossil pollen, charcoal, and bones of the extinct Quaternary megafauna from Andolonomby, a hypersaline pond in arid southwestern Madagascar, shows evidence for climatic desiccation beginning about 3000 yr B.P. Pollen spectra shift at this time from primarily arboreal taxa characteristic of forests and woodlands of more mesic western Madagascar, to wooded savanna typical of somewhat drier localities. Between 3000 and 2000 yr B.P., the site became increasingly arid. Charcoal and pollen evidence indicates that increased fire and disturbance occurr

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23

Orre, Joel, Lena Sundqvist Ökvist, Axel Bodén, and Bo Björkman. "Understanding of Blast Furnace Performance with Biomass Introduction." Minerals 11, no. 2 (2021): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11020157.

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The blast furnace still dominates the production and supply of metallic units for steelmaking. Coke and coal used in the blast furnace contribute substantially to CO2 emissions from the steel sector. Therefore, blast furnace operators are making great efforts to lower the fossil CO2 emissions and transition to fossil-free steelmaking. In previous studies the use of pre-treated biomass has been indicated to have great potential to significantly lower fossil CO2 emissions. Even negative CO2 emission can be achieved if biomass is used together with carbon capture and storage. Blast furnace condit

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24

Buró, Botond, József Lóki, Erika Győri, Richárd Nagy, Mihály Molnár, and Gábor Négyesi. "New Radiocarbon Data from the Paleosols of the NYíRSéG blown Sand Area, Hungary." Radiocarbon 61, no. 6 (2019): 1983–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2019.137.

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ABSTRACTDespite many ideas about the age and processes of sand movements and paleosol formation, there are still some uncertainties in this relations in the Nyírség, eastern Hungary. The major aim of the present study was to clarify the chronology of fossil soils and blown-sand layers in the sand dunes of the Nyírség using radiocarbon (14C) dating on soil and charcoal samples. Charcoal and soil samples were collected from buried paleosols from different sand quarries for 14C dating. The bulk organic carbon content of the buried soil and charcoal pieces recovered from buried fossil soil layers

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25

Rehn, E., A. Rehn, and A. Possemiers. "Fossil charcoal particle identification and classification by two convolutional neural networks." Quaternary Science Reviews 226 (December 2019): 106038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.106038.

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26

Rubio Montero, M. P., A. M. Carrasco Lourtau, M. Jurado Vargas, and C. J. Durán Valle. "Radioactive characterization of charcoal as a tool in identifying fossil contamination." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 317, no. 1 (2018): 451–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-018-5904-3.

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27

Branch, Adam, and Giuliano Martiniello. "Charcoal power: The political violence of non-fossil fuel in Uganda." Geoforum 97 (December 2018): 242–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2018.09.012.

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28

Kieush, Lina, Maksym Yaholnyk, Maksym Boyko, Andrii Koveria, and Vladyslav Ihnatenko. "STUDY OF BIOMASS UTILISATION IN THE IRON ORE SINTERING." Acta Metallurgica Slovaca 25, no. 1 (2019): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.12776/ams.v1i1.1225.

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<p class="AMSmaintext">Dominating globally and within Ukraine, the blast-furnace practice for iron production requires iron ore sintering preparation wherein the significant amount of fossil fuel is consumed, accompanied by harmful emissions into the environment. Pursuing the purpose to mitigate this negative impact, we address the promising direction of biomass utilisation for a partial replacement of fossil fuels in iron ore sintering. This paper considers the benefits of fossil fuels substitution with biomass, the world practice of biomass utilisation in iron ore sintering and the sco

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29

Kieush, Lina, Maksym Yaholnyk, Maksym Boyko, Andrii Koveria, and Vladyslav Ihnatenko. "STUDY OF BIOMASS UTILISATION IN THE IRON ORE SINTERING." Acta Metallurgica Slovaca 25, no. 1 (2021): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36547/ams.25.1.8.

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Dominating globally and within Ukraine, the blast-furnace practice for iron production requires iron ore sintering preparation wherein the significant amount of fossil fuel is consumed, accompanied by harmful emissions into the environment. Pursuing the purpose to mitigate this negative impact, we address the promising direction of biomass utilisation for a partial replacement of fossil fuels in iron ore sintering. This paper considers the benefits of fossil fuels substitution with biomass, the world practice of biomass utilisation in iron ore sintering and the scope of the biomass energy pote

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, STP, MT, Giyanto. "PEMBUATAN BIOBRIKET ARANG BERBASIS TANDAN KOSOSNG KELAPA SAWIT DAN ECENG GONDOK SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI ALTERNATIF YANG RAMAH LINGKUNGAN." Jurnal Agro Fabrica 1, no. 2 (2019): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.47199/jaf.v1i2.92.

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Growth population were very fast and caused demand to the energy increasingly while fuel ingredients fossil thinning out. The needed of energy alternative sources as energy biomass among them briquettes charcoal. In another, there are some potential biomass sources, one of that is empty bunch of oil pam. Briquettes charcoal from oil palm empty bunch could be an alternative to resolve limitations source power energy and at once as alternative. The material which used in this study were oil palm empty bunch and hyacinth mumps. Adhesives are used is tapioca. The method used is press hydraulic wit

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31

Ramadhan, Muhammad Nizar, and Andy Nugraha. "ANALISA PEMANFAATAN BRIKET LIMBAH ARANG KAYU ALABAN DI DESA TAPUK KECAMATAN LIMPASU KABUPATEN HULU SUNGAI TENGAH." INFO-TEKNIK 21, no. 1 (2020): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/infotek.v21i1.8965.

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The solution to reduce the use of fossil fuels is by utilizing renewable energy such as solar power, wind power, and hydropower, as well as the utilization of other alternative energy derived from biomass. One of alternative energy from biomass that is very potential is briquettes. Tapuk Village, Limpasu Subdistrict, Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency is one of the producers of Alaban wood charcoal, with grade D charcoal in the form of charcoal flakes and is often regarded as waste. This study aims to determine the physical properties of alaban wood charcoal waste briquettes which include water conten

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32

Kļaviņa, Krista, and Dagnija Blumberga. "A comparison of different charcoal production technology outputs." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 2 (June 17, 2015): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2015vol2.263.

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<p class="R-AbstractKeywords"><span lang="EN-GB">Charcoal is a renewable material, with a long history of use as the predecessor of fossil fuels, now beginning to regain its place in the market, as the global society is fighting the Climate change. Charcoal along with bio-oils, and pyrolysis gas or syngas is obtained through thermo-chemical conversion of biomass. There are several different turns the charcoal production development has taken. The oldest charcoal production technologies are the batch-type kilns, they are associated with lower costs, and are widely used in the world,

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33

Scott, Andrew C., Jenny A. Cripps, Margaret E. Collinson, and Gary J. Nichols. "The taphonomy of charcoal following a recent heathland fire and some implications for the interpretation of fossil charcoal deposits." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 164, no. 1-4 (2000): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-0182(00)00168-1.

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34

Marynowski, Leszek, Rafał Kubik, Dieter Uhl, and Bernd R. T. Simoneit. "Molecular composition of fossil charcoal and relationship with incomplete combustion of wood." Organic Geochemistry 77 (December 2014): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2014.09.003.

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35

Mousa, Elsayed, Mania Kazemi, Mikael Larsson, Gert Karlsson, and Erik Persson. "Potential for Developing Biocarbon Briquettes for Foundry Industry." Applied Sciences 9, no. 24 (2019): 5288. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9245288.

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The foundry industry is currently facing challenges to reduce the environmental impacts from application of fossil fuels. Replacing foundry coke with alternative renewable carbon sources can lead to significant decrease in fossil fuel consumption and fossil CO2 emission. The low bulk density, low energy density, low mechanical strength and the high reactivity of biocarbon materials are the main factors limiting their efficient implementation in a cupola furnace. The current study aimed at designing, optimizing and developing briquettes containing biocarbon, namely, biocarbon briquettes for an

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36

Clark, James S. "Particle Motion and the Theory of Charcoal Analysis: Source Area, Transport, Deposition, and Sampling." Quaternary Research 30, no. 1 (1988): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(88)90088-9.

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Principles from particle-motion physics were applied to recurring problems of the interpretation of stratigraphic charcoal data: (1) fires within catchments of lakes often produce no record in fossil-charcoal curves and (2) periods characterized by no local fire (e.g., 20th-century fire suppression) often display as much charcoal as times when local fire was frequent. Quantitative theory on source area, transport, deposition, and sampling of charcoal shows the relationship between particle sizes counted by alternative methods of charcoal analysis (pollen slides for particles 5–80 μm in diamete

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37

Pessenda, L. C. R., S. E. M. Gouveia, and R. Aravena. "Radiocarbon Dating of Total Soil Organic Matter and Humin Fraction and Its Comparison with 14C Ages of Fossil Charcoal." Radiocarbon 43, no. 2B (2001): 595–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200041242.

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During the last decade radiocarbon dating has been used extensively in distinct regions of Brazil to provide information about soil chronology in paleoenvironmental studies. This paper presents 14C data of soil organic matter (SOM), humin fraction, and charcoal in several soil profiles under natural vegetation from different Brazil locations (north, central, and southeast regions). The main objective is to compare the obtained 14C dating of total SOM with humin, the oldest fraction of SOM. In order to validate the humin ages these data are compared with the age of charcoal collected at similar

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Newbrey, Michael G., and Allan C. Ashworth. "A fossil record of colonization and response of lacustrine fish populations to climate change." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 61, no. 10 (2004): 1807–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f04-113.

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To study fish species colonization and the response of populations to climate change, we reexamined a well-preserved late Pleistocene to early Holocene fossil fish assemblage from lake deposits on the Missouri Coteau, North Dakota. The fossil fishes in the assemblage include complete specimens of yellow perch (Perca flavescens), brassy minnow (Hybognathus hankinsoni), blacknose shiner (Notropis heterolepis), banded killifish (Fundulus diaphanus), and brook stickleback (Culaea inconstans). The sequence of colonization is explained by individual thermal and relative water velocity tolerances for

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Rebollo, N. R., I. Cohen-Ofri, R. Popovitz-Biro, et al. "Structural Characterization of Charcoal Exposed to High and Low Ph: Implications for 14C Sample Preparation and Charcoal Preservation." Radiocarbon 50, no. 2 (2008): 289–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200033592.

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Chemical and structural similarities between poorly preserved charcoal and its contaminants, as well as low radiocarbon concentrations in old samples, complicate 14C age determinations. Here, we characterize 4 fossil charcoal samples from the late Middle Paleolithic and early Upper Paleolithic strata of Kebara Cave, Israel, with respect to the structural and chemical changes that occur when they are subjected to the acid-base-acid (ABA) treatment. Differential thermal analysis and TEM show that acid treatment disrupts the structure, whereas alkali treatment results in the reformation of molecu

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Mahesh, S., Srikanta Murthy, B. Chakraborty, and M. D. Roy. "Fossil charcoal as Palaeofire indicators: Taphonomy and morphology of charcoal remains in sub-surface Gondwana sediments of South Karanpura coalfield." Journal of the Geological Society of India 85, no. 5 (2015): 567–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12594-015-0251-2.

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Surup, Gerrit Ralf, Tommy Andre Pedersen, Annah Chaldien, Johan Paul Beukes, and Merete Tangstad. "Electrical Resistivity of Carbonaceous Bed Material at High Temperature." Processes 8, no. 8 (2020): 933. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8080933.

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This study reports the effect of high-temperature treatment on the electrical properties of charcoal, coal, and coke. The electrical resistivity of industrial charcoal samples used as a reducing agent in electric arc furnaces was investigated as a renewable carbon source. A set-up to measure the electrical resistivity of bulk material at heat treatment temperatures up to 1700 ∘C was developed. Results were also evaluated at room temperature by a four-point probe set-up with adjustable load. It is shown that the electrical resistivity of charcoal decreases with increasing heat treatment tempera

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42

Lupia, Richard. "Paleobotanical Data from Fossil Charcoal: An Actualistic Study of Seed Plant Reproductive Structures." PALAIOS 10, no. 5 (1995): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3515048.

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43

Yoshikawa, Shusaku, Hideo Watanabe, and Jun Inoue. "Late Pleistocene fossil charcoal horizons discovered in Niigata and Nagano Prefectures, Central Japan." Journal of the Geological Society of Japan 109, no. 1 (2003): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5575/geosoc.109.63.

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44

Crawford, Alastair J., and Claire M. Belcher. "Area–volume relationships for fossil charcoal and their relevance for fire history reconstruction." Holocene 26, no. 5 (2015): 822–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683615618264.

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45

Kruge, Michael A., B. Artur Stankiewicz, John C. Crelling, Alessandro Montanari, and David F. Bensley. "Fossil charcoal in Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary strata: Evidence for catastrophic firestorm and megawave." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 58, no. 4 (1994): 1393–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(94)90394-8.

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46

Delcourt, Paul A., Hazel R. Delcourt, Cecil R. Ison, William E. Sharp, and Kristen J. Gremillion. "Prehistoric Human Use of Fire, the Eastern Agricultural Complex, and Appalachian Oak-Chestnut Forests: Paleoecology of Cliff Palace Pond, Kentucky." American Antiquity 63, no. 2 (1998): 263–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2694697.

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Fossil pollen assemblages from Cliff Palace Pond, Kentucky, characterize changes in forest composition through the past 9,500 years of the Holocene. Early-Holocene spruce and northern white cedar stands were replaced by mixed mesophytic forests after 7300 B.P. Hemlock declined around 4800 B.P., and eastern red cedar became locally important. After 3000 B.P, mixed oak-chestnut and pine forests were dominant. The fossil charcoal record from Cliff Palace Pond demonstrates that Late Archaic and Woodland peoples cleared forest gaps to cultivate native plants in the Eastern Agricultural Complex and

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Shivanna, Mahesh, Srikanta Murthy, Saurabh Gautam, et al. "Macroscopic charcoal remains as evidence of wildfire from late Permian Gondwana sediments of India: Further contribution to global fossil charcoal database." Palaeoworld 26, no. 4 (2017): 638–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palwor.2017.05.003.

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Whitlock, Cathy. "Postglacial Fire Frequency and its Relation to Long-Term Vegetational and Climatic Changes in Yellowstone Park." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 16 (January 1, 1992): 212–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.1992.3123.

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The primary research objective has been to study the vegetational history of Yellowstone and its sensitivity to changes in climate and fire frequency. To establish a sequence of vegetational changes, a network of pollen records spanning the last 14,000 years has been studied from different types of vegetation within the Park. The relationship between modern pollen rain, modern vegetation and presentÂday climate in the northern Rocky Mountains has been the basis for interpreting past vegetation and climate from the fossil records. Changes in fire regime during the past 14,000 years have been i

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Chu, Daoliang, Stephen E. Grasby, Haijun Song, et al. "Ecological disturbance in tropical peatlands prior to marine Permian-Triassic mass extinction." Geology 48, no. 3 (2020): 288–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g46631.1.

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Abstract The Permian-Triassic mass extinction is widely attributed to the global environmental changes caused by the eruption of the Siberian Traps. However, the precise temporal link between marine and terrestrial crises and volcanism is unclear. Here, we report anomalously high mercury (Hg) concentrations in terrestrial strata from southwestern China, synchronous with Hg anomalies in the marine Permian-Triassic type section. The terrestrial sediments also record increased abundance of fossil charcoal coincident with the onset of a negative carbon isotope excursion and the loss of tropical ra

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Magne, Gwenaël, Benoît Brossier, Emmanuel Gandouin, et al. "Lacustrine charcoal peaks provide an accurate record of surface wildfires in a North European boreal forest." Holocene 30, no. 3 (2019): 380–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683619887420.

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We evaluated the skills of different palaeofire reconstruction techniques to reconstruct the fire history of a boreal landscape (Russian Karelia) affected by surface fires. The analysis of dated lacustrine sediments from two nearby lakes was compared with independent dendrochronological dating of fire scars, methods which have rarely been used in context of surface fires. We used two sediment sub-sampling volumes (1 and 3.5 cm3, wet volumes) and three methods of calculating the Charcoal Accumulation Rate to reconstruct fire histories: CHAR number, charcoal surface area and estimated charcoal v

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