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Journal articles on the topic 'Fossil Marine mammals'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 July 2025

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1

Mayhew, D. F., F. E. Dieleman, A. A. Slupik, L. W. van den Hoek Ostende, and J. W. F. Reumer. "Small mammal assemblages from the Quaternary succession at Moriaanshoofd (Zeeland, the Netherlands) and their significance for correlating the Oosterschelde fauna." Netherlands Journal of Geosciences - Geologie en Mijnbouw 93, no. 3 (2014): 119–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/njg.2014.6.

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AbstractWe investigated fossil small mammals from a borehole near Moriaanshoofd (Zeeland, southwest Netherlands) in order to get better insights in the fossil mammal faunas that are found in the subsurface in the southwestern Netherlands, and to investigate the age and provenance of the mammal fauna that is being dredged from the deep tidal gullies in the nearby Oosterschelde estuary. The record in the borehole covers Gelasian (Early Pleistocene) to Holocene deposits, represented by six formations. Thirty-nine specimens of small mammals were obtained from the borehole. These fossils derived fr

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Barnes, Lawrence G., Daryl P. Domning, and Clayton E. Ray. "STATUS OF STUDIES ON FOSSIL MARINE MAMMALS." Marine Mammal Science 1, no. 1 (1985): 15–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.1985.tb00530.x.

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3

Tseng, Z. Jack, Adolfo Pacheco-Castro, Oscar Carranza-Castañeda, José Jorge Aranda-Gómez, Xiaoming Wang, and Hilda Troncoso. "Discovery of the fossil otter Enhydritherium terraenovae (Carnivora, Mammalia) in Mexico reconciles a palaeozoogeographic mystery." Biology Letters 13, no. 6 (2017): 20170259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2017.0259.

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The North American fossil otter Enhydritherium terraenovae is thought to be partially convergent in ecological niche with the living sea otter Enhydra lutris , both having low-crowned crushing teeth and a close association with marine environments. Fossil records of Enhydritherium are found in mostly marginal marine deposits in California and Florida; despite presence of very rich records of fossil terrestrial mammals in contemporaneous localities inland, no Enhydritherium fossils are hitherto known in interior North America. Here we report the first occurrence of Enhydritherium outside of Flo

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Davies, Thomas W., Mark A. Bell, Anjali Goswami, and Thomas J. D. Halliday. "Completeness of the eutherian mammal fossil record and implications for reconstructing mammal evolution through the Cretaceous/Paleogene mass extinction." Paleobiology 43, no. 4 (2017): 521–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pab.2017.20.

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AbstractThere is a well-established discrepancy between paleontological and molecular data regarding the timing of the origin and diversification of placental mammals. Molecular estimates place interordinal diversification dates in the Cretaceous, while no unambiguous crown placental fossils have been found prior to the end-Cretaceous mass extinction. Here, the completeness of the eutherian fossil record through geological time is evaluated to assess the suggestion that a poor fossil record is largely responsible for the difference in estimates of placental origins. The completeness of fossil

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Pyenson, Nicholas D., Carolina S. Gutstein, James F. Parham, et al. "Repeated mass strandings of Miocene marine mammals from Atacama Region of Chile point to sudden death at sea." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1781 (2014): 20133316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.3316.

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Marine mammal mass strandings have occurred for millions of years, but their origins defy singular explanations. Beyond human causes, mass strandings have been attributed to herding behaviour, large-scale oceanographic fronts and harmful algal blooms (HABs). Because algal toxins cause organ failure in marine mammals, HABs are the most common mass stranding agent with broad geographical and widespread taxonomic impact. Toxin-mediated mortalities in marine food webs have the potential to occur over geological timescales, but direct evidence for their antiquity has been lacking. Here, we describe

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Bamford, Marion, and Martin Pickford. "Stratigraphy, chronology and palaeontology of the Tertiary rocks of the Cheringoma Plateau, Mozambique." Fossil Imprint 77, no. 1 (2021): 187–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/fi.2021.014.

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The discovery of fossil plants, marine molluscs and mammals in the Mazamba Formation, Cheringoma Plateau, Mozambique, opens a new chapter in the study of this part of the African Rift System. The evidence suggests that the Mazamba Formation is older than previously reported, probably late Eocene rather than Miocene. The fossil wood and stems indicate a frost-free tropical humid environment and a high water table soon after deposition, and the marine molluscs and mammals indicate proximity to the sea. There is also evidence for the occurrence of pans in the area during the late Eocene which als

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Viglino, Mariana, Ana M. Valenzuela-Toro, Aldo Benites-Palomino, et al. "Aquatic mammal fossils in Latin America – a review of records, advances and challenges in research in the last 30 years." Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals 18, no. 1 (2023): 50–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5597/lajam00295.

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Records of aquatic mammal fossils (e.g. cetaceans, pinnipeds, sirenians, mustelids, and desmostylians) from Latin America (Mexico to Tierra del Fuego, including Antartica) span since the mid-1800s. Aquatic mammal fossils received little attention from the scientific community, with most of the first studies conducted by Northern Hemisphere researchers. Over the last 30 years, paleontological research in Latin America has increased considerably, with descriptions of several new species and revisions of published original records. The Latin American fossil record of marine mammals spans from the

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8

Thomas, Howell W., and Lawrence G. Barnes. "The bone joint osteochondrosis in extant and fossil marine mammals." Contributions in science 523 (August 21, 2015): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.226778.

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Thomas, Howell W., and Lawrence G. Barnes. "The bone joint osteochondrosis in extant and fossil marine mammals." Contributions in science 523 (August 21, 2015): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.226778.

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10

Marenssi, S. A., M. A. Reguero, S. N. Santillana, and S. F. Vizcaino. "Eocene land mammals from Seymour Island, Antarctica: palaeobiogeographical implications." Antarctic Science 6, no. 1 (1994): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102094000027.

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Middle Eocene land mammals from La Meseta Formation, Seymour (Marambio) Island are reviewed. A taxonomically diverse fossil land-vertebrate assemblage with small and medium-size mammals has been recovered from four localities. The depositional setting is shallow marine and most of the mammal-bearing beds are in reworked, moderate to high energy subtidal facies. The characteristics of these mammals not only confirm but also strengthen the biogeographical relationships between southern South America (Patagonian Province) and the Antarctic Peninsula during the Paleogene and rule out the possibili

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Williams, Terrie M. "The evolution of cost efficient swimming in marine mammals: limits to energetic optimization." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 354, no. 1380 (1999): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1999.0371.

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Mammals re–entered the oceans less than 60 million years ago. The transition from a terrestrial to an aquatic lifestyle required extreme morphological and behavioural modifications concomitant with fundamentally different locomotor mechanisms for moving on land and through water. Energetic transport costs typically reflect such different locomotor modes, but can not be discerned from the fossil record. In this study the energetic challenges associated with changing from terrestrial to aquatic locomotion in primitive marine mammals are examined by comparing the transport, maintenance and locomo

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Matsui, Kumiko. "How can we reliably identify a taxon based on humeral morphology? Comparative morphology of desmostylian humeri." PeerJ 5 (November 10, 2017): e4011. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4011.

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Desmostylia is a clade of marine mammals belonging to either Tethytheria or Perissodactyla. Rich fossil records of Desmostylia were found in the Oligocene to Miocene strata of the Northern Pacific Rim, especially in the northwestern region, which includes the Japanese archipelago. Fossils in many shapes and forms, including whole or partial skeletons, skulls, teeth, and fragmentary bones have been discovered from this region. Despite the prevalent availability of fossil records, detailed taxonomic identification based on fragmentary postcranial materials has been difficult owing to to our limi

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van Netten, H. H., and J. W. F. Reumer. "Bite marks on early Holocene Tursiops truncatus fossils from the North Sea indicate scavenging by rays (Chondrichthyes, Rajidae)." Netherlands Journal of Geosciences - Geologie en Mijnbouw 88, no. 3 (2009): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016774600000883.

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AbstractA number of Tursiops truncatus mandibles in the collection of fossil marine mammals in the Rotterdam Natural History Museum have marks consisting of several parallel linear grooves. These marks are also found on four atlas complexes, a scapula and on one vertebra. The hypothesis that they are bite marks and were caused by scavenging rays (Rajidae, Chondrichthyes) was tested with a real-life experiment using different shark and ray species, allowing them to scavenge on cow ribs as proxies for the dolphin bones. The bite marks of these animals were compared with the fossil marks and show

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14

Godfrey, Stephen J., Victor J. Perez, Marcus Jones, Phillip F. Chapman, Nathan Spencer, and Jason E. Osborne. "New light on the trophic ecology of Carcharodon hastalis from teeth embedded in Miocene cetacean vertebrae from Calvert Cliffs in Maryland, USA." Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 70, no. 2 (2025): 329–37. https://doi.org/10.4202/app.01241.2025.

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Recent isotopic analyses of the teeth of the extinct lamnid Carcharodon hastalis showed that it fed at a comparable trophic level as was the fossil and modern great white shark, Carcharodon carcharias. Although there are many examples of shark bite marks on marine mammal bones, there have not been any publications documenting the presence of C. hastalis teeth embedded in the bones of marine mammals. Here we report on the first C. hastalis teeth found embedded in vertebrae of two Miocene cetaceans. These teeth represent unequivocal evidence of trophic interactions between this shark and cetacea

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Hooker, J. J. "An additional record of a placental mammal (Order Astrapotheria) from the Eocene of West Antarctica." Antarctic Science 4, no. 1 (1992): 107–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102092000154.

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Recently, fossil land mammals have been recorded in the James Ross Island area, east of the Antarctic Peninsula, from the marine middle-late Eocene strata of Seymour Island. These include two endemic species of polydolopid marsupial: Antarctodolops dailyi Woodburne & Zinsmeister 1984, and Eurydolops seymourensis Case, Woodburne & Chaney 1988, and three partly determinate placentals identified as a tardigrade edentate, a sparnotheriodontid litoptern and a trigonostylopid astrapothere (Bond et al. 1989). The marsupials are represented by fragmentary jaw and complete dental material, the

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Vizcaino, S. F., M. Bond, M. A. Reguero, and R. Pascual. "The youngest record of fossil land mammals from Antarctica; its significance on the evolution of the terrestrial environment of the Antarctic Peninsula during the late Eocene." Journal of Paleontology 71, no. 2 (1997): 348–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000039263.

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The record of fossil land mammals from Antarctica has been restricted previously to the middle levels of the Eocene-?early Oligocene La Meseta Formation in Seymour Island, Antarctic Peninsula. This mostly shallow-marine sequence was divided informally into seven subunits (Tertiary Eocene La Meseta or TELM 1 to 7) by Sadler (1988). Land mammals, representing South American lineages of marsupials, edentates, and ungulates were recovered from TELM 3, 4, and 5 (Marenssi et al., 1994; Vizcaíno et al., 1994). The purpose of the present note is to report the discovery of a well-preserved ungulate too

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Prasad, Guntupalli V. R., and Ashok Sahni. "Late Cretaceous continental vertebrate fossil record from India: Palaeobiogeographical insights." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 180, no. 4 (2009): 369–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.180.4.369.

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Abstract Geophysical data suggested a minimum of 35 Ma physical isolation for the Indian plate from the time of its separation from Madagascar around 88 Ma ago to its final collision with Asia in the Early-Middle Eocene (55-50 Ma ago). Such an extended period of segregation of any landmass is expected to result in genetic isolation of pre-existing populations leading to the development of endemic biota. Therefore, continental Late Cretaceous biota of India hold the key to our understanding of effects of long isolation and northward drift of the Indian plate over different latitudinal belts. Fo

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Jacobs, Louis, Michael Polcyn, Octávio Mateus, and Anne Schulp. "Deep Time Conservation Paleobiology of the Atlantic Jigsaw Puzzle and the Future of the Southwestern Angolan Coast." Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 60, no. 2 (2023): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.58782/flmnh.fior9961.

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The puzzle-like fit of Africa and South America reflects the tectonically driven opening of the South Atlantic Ocean beginning over 130 mya. By 90 Ma, the North and South Atlantics were conjoined. The introduction of Cretaceous marine reptiles into the central South Atlantic from the north coincides with through-flow in the Equatorial Atlantic Gateway and with increased productivity and upwelling of the Benguela Current. The K-Pg extinction saw the demise of most marine reptiles, but upwelling apparently persisted, evidenced by a growing Cenozoic fossil record of sea turtles and marine mammals

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Gheerbrant, Emmanuel, Jean Sudre, Henri Cappetta, et al. "The mammal localities of Grand Daoui Quarries, Ouled Abdoun Basin, Morocco, Ypresian : A first survey." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 174, no. 3 (2003): 279–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/174.3.279.

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Abstract The unexpected discovery of mammals such as the earliest known proboscidean Phosphatherium escuilliei in the Ouled Abdoun phosphate Basin (Morocco), which is otherwise renowned for its very rich marine vertebrate fauna, has opened major new perspectives on the early African placental fauna. It was the impetus for several field parties by us between 1997 and 2001 which has allowed this survey of the geological, stratigraphic and paleontological context of Phosphatherium localities. This is the first important paleontological field work dealing with higher vertebrates in the Ouled Abdou

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20

Diedrich, Cajus G. "Skeleton of the Fossil Shark Isurus denticulatus from the Turonian (Late Cretaceous) of Germany—Ecological Coevolution with Prey of Mackerel Sharks." Paleontology Journal 2014 (May 13, 2014): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/934235.

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An Isurus denticulatus (Glickman, 1957) shark skeleton from the late Turonian (Late Cretaceous) of Germany is described within a diverse upwelling influenced fish fauna of northern Germany, Europe. It was found in the turbiditic marly limestones at the submarine Northwestphalian Lippe Swell in the southern Proto-North Sea Basin. Compared to modern mackerel shark Isurus oxyrinchus Rafinesque, 1809, including cranial denticles, this allows a revision of the younger synonym “Cretoxyrhina Glickman, 1964”. Within the Cretaceous Isurus, a loss of the lateral tooth cusps and nutritive clefts of the r

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Agiadi, Konstantina, Niklas Hohmann, Elsa Gliozzi, et al. "A revised marine fossil record of the Mediterranean before and after the Messinian salinity crisis." Earth System Science Data 16, no. 10 (2024): 4767–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4767-2024.

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Abstract. The Messinian salinity crisis and its precursor events have been the greatest environmental perturbation of the Mediterranean Sea to date, offering an opportunity to study the response of marine ecosystems to extreme hydrological change and a large-scale biological invasion. The restriction of the marine connection between the Mediterranean and the Atlantic Ocean resulted in stratification of the water column and high-amplitude variations in seawater temperature and salinity already from the early Messinian. Here, we present a unified and revised marine fossil record of the Mediterra

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MacFadden, Bruce J. "Middle Pleistocene Climate Change Recorded in Fossil Mammal Teeth from Tarija, Bolivia, and Upper Limit of the Ensenadan Land-Mammal Age." Quaternary Research 54, no. 1 (2000): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.2000.2146.

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Fossiliferous middle Pleistocene sediments of the Tarija basin of southern Bolivia contain a classic Ensenadan land-mammal fauna. New carbon isotopic data reported here for 50 specimens of the grazing mammals Equus (horse) and Cuvieronius (mastodon), documented from eight stratigraphic levels at Tarija, vary significantly in the δ13C values of their teeth. The pattern of variation appears to reflect the proportion of C3 and C4 grasses eaten during colder (more C3) and warmer (more C4) times. Within age limits set by associated magnetostratigraphy, the cold periods can be correlated with partic

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Markova, A. K. "The Mikulino (= Eemian) mammal faunas of the Russian Plain and Crimea." Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 79, no. 2-3 (2000): 293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016774600021776.

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AbstractDuring the last decades a considerable amount of data on mammals from Mikulino (=Eemian) deposits of the central and southern parts of the Russian Plain has been produced. Mammuthus primigenius (the early type), Palaeoloxodon antiquus (the advanced form), Arvicola ex gr. terrestris, Eolagurus cf. luteus and Lagurus cf. lagurus characterize this period. The so-called ‘Shkurlatian mammal assemblage’ was distinguished on the basis of a number of Eemian faunas.The age of the mammal localities was established by using various geological and palaeontological evidence, together with the resul

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Fleischle, Corinna V., P. Martin Sander, Tanja Wintrich, and Kai R. Caspar. "Hematological convergence between Mesozoic marine reptiles (Sauropterygia) and extant aquatic amniotes elucidates diving adaptations in plesiosaurs." PeerJ 7 (November 19, 2019): e8022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8022.

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Plesiosaurs are a prominent group of Mesozoic marine reptiles, belonging to the more inclusive clades Pistosauroidea and Sauropterygia. In the Middle Triassic, the early pistosauroid ancestors of plesiosaurs left their ancestral coastal habitats and increasingly adapted to a life in the open ocean. This ecological shift was accompanied by profound changes in locomotion, sensory ecology and metabolism. However, investigations of physiological adaptations on the cellular level related to the pelagic lifestyle are lacking so far. Using vascular canal diameter, derived from osteohistological thin-

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Groves, Sabrina L., Carlos Mauricio Peredo, and Nicholas D. Pyenson. "What are the limits on whale ear bone size? Non-isometric scaling of the cetacean bulla." PeerJ 9 (February 5, 2021): e10882. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10882.

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The history of cetaceans demonstrates dramatic macroevolutionary changes that have aided their transformation from terrestrial to obligate aquatic mammals. Their fossil record shows extensive anatomical modifications that facilitate life in a marine environment. To better understand the constraints on this transition, we examined the physical dimensions of the bony auditory complex, in relation to body size, for both living and extinct cetaceans. We compared the dimensions of the tympanic bulla, a conch-shaped ear bone unique to cetaceans, with bizygomatic width—a proxy for cetacean body size.

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Cuitiño, José I., Sergio F. Vizcaíno, M. Susana Bargo, and Inés Aramendía. "Sedimentology and fossil vertebrates of the Santa Cruz Formation (early Miocene) in Lago Posadas, southwestern Patagonia, Argentina." Andean Geology 46, no. 2 (2019): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.5027/andgeov46n2-3128.

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Lago Posadas is located at the foot of the Southern Patagonian Andes, in southwestern Argentina, where the early Miocene Santa Cruz Formation (SCF) shows thick and laterally continuous exposures. This region has been scarcely explored for fossil vertebrates since the first efforts by J.B. Hatcher in 1898-99. In this contribution, we performed sedimentologic and paleontological studies in order to reconstruct depositional environments and the associated fossil vertebrate fauna. Sedimentologic data suggest that the sedimentary record begins with restricted marine-estuarine deposits grading upwar

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Surmik, Dawid, Bruce M. Rothschild, Mateusz Dulski, and Katarzyna Janiszewska. "Two types of bone necrosis in the Middle Triassic Pistosaurus longaevus bones: the results of integrated studies." Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 7 (2017): 170204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170204.

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Avascular necrosis, diagnosed on the basis of either a specific pathological modification of the articular surfaces of bone or its radiologic appearance in vertebral centra, has been recognized in many Mesozoic marine reptiles as well as in present-day marine mammals. Its presence in the zoological and paleontologic record is usually associated with decompression syndrome, a disease that affects secondarily aquatic vertebrates that could dive. Bone necrosis can also be caused by infectious processes, but it differs in appearance from decompression syndrome-associated aseptic necrosis. Herein,

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Westgate, James W. "Uintan land mammals (excluding rodents) from an estuarine facies of the Laredo Formation (Middle Eocene, Claiborne Group) of Webb County, Texas." Journal of Paleontology 64, no. 3 (1990): 454–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000018709.

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A newly discovered vertebrate fossil assemblage, the Casa Blanca local fauna, comes from the Laredo Formation, Claiborne Group, of Webb County, Texas, and is the first reported Eocene land-mammal fauna from the coastal plain of North America. The mammalian fauna is correlated with the Serendipity and Candelaria local faunas of west Texas, the Uinta C faunas of the Rocky Mountains, the Santiago Formation local fauna of southern California, and the Swift Current Creek local fauna of Saskatchewan. The vertebrate-bearing deposit lies approximately 32 m above a horizon containing the marine gastrop

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Dal Corso, Jacopo, Massimo Bernardi, Yadong Sun, et al. "Extinction and dawn of the modern world in the Carnian (Late Triassic)." Science Advances 6, no. 38 (2020): eaba0099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba0099.

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The Carnian Pluvial Episode (Late Triassic) was a time of global environmental changes and possibly substantial coeval volcanism. The extent of the biological turnover in marine and terrestrial ecosystems is not well understood. Here, we present a meta-analysis of fossil data that suggests a substantial reduction in generic and species richness and the disappearance of 33% of marine genera. This crisis triggered major radiations. In the sea, the rise of the first scleractinian reefs and rock-forming calcareous nannofossils points to substantial changes in ocean chemistry. On land, there were m

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White, Kristine, Louis Ambrosio, and Christa Edwards. "Anthropogenic Sound in the Sea: Are Ascidians Affected?" Gulf and Caribbean Research 32 (2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.18785/gcr.3201.02.

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Sound pollution in the marine environment has been increasing largely due to anthropogenic sources such as vessel traffic, coastal development, fossil fuel extraction, and military exercises. Studies determining the effects of anthropogenic sound on marine organisms have mostly focused on vertebrates, namely fish and marine mammals; however, less research has been done to study the effects of sound on marine invertebrates. The goal of this research is to examine the effect of anthropogenic sound on the ascidian Styela plicata (Lesueur, 1823) in Tampa Bay, FL. A total of 48 ascidians were colle

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Mayr, Gerald, Vanesa L. De Pietri, Leigh Love, Al A. Mannering, Joseph J. Bevitt, and R. Paul Scofield. "First Complete Wing of a Stem Group Sphenisciform from the Paleocene of New Zealand Sheds Light on the Evolution of the Penguin Flipper." Diversity 12, no. 2 (2020): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12020046.

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We describe a partial skeleton of a stem group penguin from the Waipara Greensand in New Zealand, which is tentatively assigned to Muriwaimanu tuatahi. The fossil includes the first complete wing of a Paleocene penguin and informs on previously unknown features of the mandible and tibiotarsus of small-sized Sphenisciformes from the Waipara Greensand. The wing is distinguished by important features from that of all geologically younger Sphenisciformes and documents an early stage in the evolution of wing-propelled diving in penguins. In particular, the wing of the new fossil exhibits a well-dev

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Velez-Juarbe, Jorge, and Ana M. Valenzuela-Toro. "Oldest record of monk seals from the North Pacific and biogeographic implications." Biology Letters 15, no. 5 (2019): 20190108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2019.0108.

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True seals (crown Phocidae) originated during the late Oligocene–early Miocene (approx. 27–20 Ma) in the North Atlantic/Mediterranean region, with later (middle Miocene, approx. 16–11 Ma) dispersal events to the South Atlantic and South Pacific. Contrasting with other pinnipeds, the fossil record of phocids from the North Pacific region is scarce and restricted to the Pleistocene. Here we present the oldest fossil record of crown phocids, monachines (monk seals), from the North Pacific region. The specimens were collected from the upper Monterey Formation in Southern California and are dated t

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Vermeij, Geerat J. "Comparative biogeography: innovations and the rise to dominance of the North Pacific biota." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, no. 1891 (2018): 20182027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.2027.

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The North Pacific is the largest cold-water source of lineages spreading to other modern marine temperate biotas. How this status was achieved remains unclear. One hypothesis is that functional innovations of large effect, defined as departures from the norm in temperate clades and which confer competitive or defensive benefits, increase resource availability, and raise performance standards in the biota as a whole, evolved earlier and more frequently in the North Pacific than elsewhere in the temperate zone. In support of this hypothesis, phylogenetic and fossil evidence reveals 47 temperate

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ADNET, SYLVAIN, HENRI CAPPETTA, and RODOLPHE TABUCE. "A Middle–Late Eocene vertebrate fauna (marine fish and mammals) from southwestern Morocco; preliminary report: age and palaeobiogeographical implications." Geological Magazine 147, no. 6 (2010): 860–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756810000348.

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AbstractRecent field work in the southern Moroccan Sahara (‘Western Sahara’), south of the city of ad-Dakhla, has led to the discovery of several new fossiliferous sites with fossil vertebrates in sedimentary deposits previously reported for the Mio-Pliocene. The sedimentology and geological setting of the studied area are briefly reported here, and at least three units have been identified in successive stratigraphical sequences according to their fossil content. The first preliminary list of vertebrate associations is reported and consists mainly of isolated teeth belonging to selachian and

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López-García, Juan Manuel, Hugues-Alexandre Blain, Iván Lozano-Fernández, Elisa Luzi, and Annelise Folie. "Environmental and climatic reconstruction of MIS 3 in northwestern Europe using the small-mammal assemblage from Caverne Marie-Jeanne (Hastière-Lavaux, Belgium)." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 485 (June 12, 2017): 622–31. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13448331.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3, ca. 60–30 ka) is characterized by dynamic alternations of forest expansion with semi-arid area expansion in accordance with the warming and cooling, respectively, of the sea-surface temperatures in Northern Europe. It was in this context of rapid fluctuations that the terrestrial sequence of Caverne Marie-Jeanne (Hastière-Lavaux, Belgium) in northwestern Europe was formed. The habitat weighting method and the bioclimatic model, as well as the Simpson diversity index, are applied to the small-mammal assemblage of

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López-García, Juan Manuel, Hugues-Alexandre Blain, Iván Lozano-Fernández, Elisa Luzi, and Annelise Folie. "Environmental and climatic reconstruction of MIS 3 in northwestern Europe using the small-mammal assemblage from Caverne Marie-Jeanne (Hastière-Lavaux, Belgium)." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 485 (June 7, 2017): 622–31. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13448331.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3, ca. 60–30 ka) is characterized by dynamic alternations of forest expansion with semi-arid area expansion in accordance with the warming and cooling, respectively, of the sea-surface temperatures in Northern Europe. It was in this context of rapid fluctuations that the terrestrial sequence of Caverne Marie-Jeanne (Hastière-Lavaux, Belgium) in northwestern Europe was formed. The habitat weighting method and the bioclimatic model, as well as the Simpson diversity index, are applied to the small-mammal assemblage of

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López-García, Juan Manuel, Hugues-Alexandre Blain, Iván Lozano-Fernández, Elisa Luzi, and Annelise Folie. "Environmental and climatic reconstruction of MIS 3 in northwestern Europe using the small-mammal assemblage from Caverne Marie-Jeanne (Hastière-Lavaux, Belgium)." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 485 (July 3, 2017): 622–31. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13448331.

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Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3, ca. 60–30 ka) is characterized by dynamic alternations of forest expansion with semi-arid area expansion in accordance with the warming and cooling, respectively, of the sea-surface temperatures in Northern Europe. It was in this context of rapid fluctuations that the terrestrial sequence of Caverne Marie-Jeanne (Hastière-Lavaux, Belgium) in northwestern Europe was formed. The habitat weighting method and the bioclimatic model, as well as the Simpson diversity index, are applied to the small-mammal assemblage of

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López-García, Juan Manuel, Hugues-Alexandre Blain, Iván Lozano-Fernández, Elisa Luzi, and Annelise Folie. "Environmental and climatic reconstruction of MIS 3 in northwestern Europe using the small-mammal assemblage from Caverne Marie-Jeanne (Hastière-Lavaux, Belgium)." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 485 (July 10, 2017): 622–31. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13448331.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3, ca. 60–30 ka) is characterized by dynamic alternations of forest expansion with semi-arid area expansion in accordance with the warming and cooling, respectively, of the sea-surface temperatures in Northern Europe. It was in this context of rapid fluctuations that the terrestrial sequence of Caverne Marie-Jeanne (Hastière-Lavaux, Belgium) in northwestern Europe was formed. The habitat weighting method and the bioclimatic model, as well as the Simpson diversity index, are applied to the small-mammal assemblage of

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39

López-García, Juan Manuel, Hugues-Alexandre Blain, Iván Lozano-Fernández, Elisa Luzi, and Annelise Folie. "Environmental and climatic reconstruction of MIS 3 in northwestern Europe using the small-mammal assemblage from Caverne Marie-Jeanne (Hastière-Lavaux, Belgium)." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 485 (July 17, 2017): 622–31. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13448331.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3, ca. 60–30 ka) is characterized by dynamic alternations of forest expansion with semi-arid area expansion in accordance with the warming and cooling, respectively, of the sea-surface temperatures in Northern Europe. It was in this context of rapid fluctuations that the terrestrial sequence of Caverne Marie-Jeanne (Hastière-Lavaux, Belgium) in northwestern Europe was formed. The habitat weighting method and the bioclimatic model, as well as the Simpson diversity index, are applied to the small-mammal assemblage of

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Wake, Thomas A., and Mark A. Roeder. "A diverse Rancholabrean vertebrate microfauna from southern California includes the first fossil record of ensatina (Ensatina eschscholtzii: Plethodontidae)." Quaternary Research 72, no. 3 (2009): 364–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2009.06.012.

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AbstractAnalysis of late Pleistocene fossils recovered from near the Huntington Beach, California (USA), pier (site LACM 7679) has revealed a diverse fauna dating to approximately 40 14C ka BP. Extinct megafauna (three genera) are present; however, a microfauna including three genera of fish, five genera of amphibians, twelve genera of reptiles, two genera of birds, and ten genera of small mammals dominates the assemblage in terms of diversity. Additional identification of seven genera of non-marine mollusks and various macro- and microscopic plant remains including grasses, three families of

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Widlansky, Sarah J., Ross Secord, Kathryn E. Snell, Amy E. Chew, and William C. Clyde. "Terrestrial carbon isotope stratigraphy and mammal turnover during post-PETM hyperthermals in the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, USA." Climate of the Past 18, no. 4 (2022): 681–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-681-2022.

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Abstract. Paleogene hyperthermals, including the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) and several other smaller events, represent global perturbations to Earth's climate system and are characterized by warmer temperatures, changes in floral and faunal communities, and hydrologic changes. These events are identified in the geologic record globally by negative carbon isotope excursions (CIEs), resulting from the input of isotopically light carbon into Earth's atmosphere. Much about the causes and effects of hyperthermals remains uncertain, including whether all hyperthermals were caused by th

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Villafaña, Jaime A., and Marcelo M. Rivadeneira. "Rise and fall in diversity of Neogene marine vertebrates on the temperate Pacific coast of South America." Paleobiology 40, no. 4 (2014): 659–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/13069.

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Even though Neogene outcrops along the temperate Pacific coast of South America harbor a rich marine vertebrate fossil record, no studies have examined the diversification patterns of these taxa. Here, we analyze diversification trends based on the stratigraphic ranges of 86 genera of marine vertebrates, including sharks, rays, chimaeras, marine mammals, and seabirds. The richness of genera shows a hump-shaped trend, with maximum values around the late Miocene, driven by a large pulse of origination during mid-Miocene and higher extinction rates during the Pliocene. Trends varied markedly amon

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Belkasim, Khameiss, and Richard Fluegeman. "Reworked Marine Invertebrate Fauna (Gastropoda and Coral) From the Paleogene Eocene of Central Anatolia (Turkey)." International Journal of Geology and Earth Sciences 3, no. 1 (2017): 9–20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1560855.

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The fluviolacustrine Uzuncarsidere Formation outcrops near the village of Orhaniye in central Anatolia. The age of this rock unit is thought to be middle Eocene on the basis of its stratigraphic relationships and preliminary biostratigraphic and geochronological data. The lithology of the Uzuncarsidere Formation varies through its section, ranging from  conglomerate at its base to sandstones, siltstones and mudstones that are developed into paleosols to finer-grained lacustrine mudstones at the top. Fossil vertebrates, including remains of fishes, reptiles and mammals, have been reported

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Silvestro, Daniele, Nicolas Salamin, Alexandre Antonelli, and Xavier Meyer. "Improved estimation of macroevolutionary rates from fossil data using a Bayesian framework." Paleobiology 45, no. 4 (2019): 546–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pab.2019.23.

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AbstractThe estimation of origination and extinction rates and their temporal variation is central to understanding diversity patterns and the evolutionary history of clades. The fossil record provides the only direct evidence of extinction and biodiversity changes through time and has long been used to infer the dynamics of diversity changes in deep time. The software PyRate implements a Bayesian framework to analyze fossil occurrence data to estimate the rates of preservation, origination, and extinction while incorporating several sources of uncertainty. Building upon this framework, we pre

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Elemele, Ogu, Egbumokei Ifechukwude, Nicholas Dienagha Ikiomoworio, and Numoipiri Digitemie Wags. "Sustainable Seismic Practices in Offshore Exploration: A Conceptual Model for Minimizing Environmental Impact While Enhancing Resource Recovery." Engineering and Technology Journal 10, no. 01 (2025): 3646–65. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14762527.

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Offshore exploration for hydrocarbon resources often entails significant environmental challenges, including potential disruptions to marine ecosystems and water quality. This paper presents a conceptual model for sustainable seismic practices in offshore exploration, aiming to minimize environmental impact while enhancing resource recovery. The model integrates advanced seismic acquisition technologies with environmentally-conscious strategies, focusing on reducing operational risks, noise pollution, and seabed disturbances during data collection. Key components of the proposed model include

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Marzola, Marco, Octávio Mateus, Jesper Milàn, and Lars B. Clemmensen. "A review of Palaeozoic and Mesozoic tetrapods from Greenland." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 66 (March 3, 2018): 21–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.37570/bgsd-2018-66-02.

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This article presents a synthesis of Palaeozoic and Mesozoic fossil tetrapods from Greenland, including an updated review of the holotypes and a new photographic record of the main specimens. All fossil tetrapods found are from East Greenland, with at least 30 different known taxa: five stem tetrapods (Acanthostega gunnari, Ichthyostega eigili, I. stensioi, I. watsoni, and Ymeria denticulata) from the Late Devonian of the Aina Dal and Britta Dal Formations; four temnospondyl amphibians (Aquiloniferus kochi, Selenocara groenlandica, Stoschiosaurus nielseni, and Tupilakosaurus heilmani) from the

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Perez, Victor J., Catalina Pimiento, Austin Hendy, Gerardo González-Barba, Gordon Hubbell, and Bruce J. MacFadden. "Late Miocene chondrichthyans from Lago Bayano, Panama: Functional diversity, environment and biogeography." Journal of Paleontology 91, no. 3 (2017): 512–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2017.5.

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AbstractThis newly described chondrichthyan fauna from the late Miocene Chucunaque Formation of Lago Bayano reveals a prolific and highly diverse assemblage from Panama, and one of the richest shark faunas from the Neotropics. Strontium geochronology indicates an age of 10–9.5 Ma for the chonrichthyan-bearing strata. Field efforts resulted in 1429 identifiable specimens comprising at least 31 taxa, of which at least eight are new to the documented fossil record of Panama. With this information an analysis of functional diversity was conducted, indicating ecosystems dominated by generalist spec

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Wyss, A. R., J. J. Flynn, C. C. Swisher, R. Charrier, and M. A. Norell. "Fossil mammals from the central Chilean Andes: a new interval in the South American land mammal succession, and implications for Eocene-Oligocene boundary events and Andean tectonics." Paleontological Society Special Publications 6 (1992): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200008789.

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Biostratigraphically significant samples have been collected from six localities in post-Neocomian terrestrial deposits of the central Andean Main Range (34° 50 S latitude), Chile. Localities are distributed over an area of 13 km by 5 km, and span more than 2500 m of section.Two eastern localities occurring lowest in the sequence yield a diverse suite of more than 20 taxa indicative of a new biochronologic interval between the Mustersan (?middle Eocene) and Deseadan (?late Oligocene-early Miocene) South American Land Mammal Ages (LMA); speculatively it also is older than the enigmatic Diviside

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Thomsen, Frank, and Arthur N. Popper. "Refocusing aquatic noise: Shifting from single to combined anthropogenic pressures." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 155, no. 6 (2024): 3568–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0026203.

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Aquatic animals (invertebrates, fishes, and marine mammals) are encountering an increasing array of underwater anthropogenic noises that can disrupt and even harm ecosystems as well as the lives of individuals and populations. Sources of anthropogenic noise include, but are not limited to, shipping, offshore exploration and production for fossil fuels, and the construction and operation of wind farms. Because of the continuing increase in anthropogenic noise, research on its potential effects on aquatic animals has intensified over the past two decades. However, a major under-explored issue is

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Miller, Harrison S., Haviv M. Avrahami, and Lindsay E. Zanno. "Dental pathologies in lamniform and carcharhiniform sharks with comments on the classification and homology of double tooth pathologies in vertebrates." PeerJ 10 (May 11, 2022): e12775. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12775.

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Double tooth pathologies are important indicators of trauma, disease, diet, and feeding biomechanics, and are widely documented in mammals. However, diagnosis of double tooth pathologies in extinct non-mammalian vertebrates is complicated by several compounding factors including: a lack of shared terminology reflecting shared etiology, inconsistencies in definitions and key features within and outside of mammals (e.g., gemination, fusion, twinning, concrescence); differences in tooth morphology, heterodonty, regeneration, and implantation between mammals and non-mammalian vertebrates; and the

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