Academic literature on the topic 'Fouling'

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Journal articles on the topic "Fouling"

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Meng, Xianghao, Shujuan Meng, and Yu Liu. "The Limitations in Current Studies of Organic Fouling and Future Prospects." Membranes 11, no. 12 (2021): 922. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11120922.

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Microfiltration and ultrafiltration for water/wastewater treatment have gained global attention due to their high separation efficiency, while membrane fouling still remains one of their bottlenecks. In such a situation, many researchers attempt to obtain a deep understanding of fouling mechanisms and to develop effective fouling controls. Therefore, this article intends to trigger discussions on the appropriate choice of foulant surrogates and the application of mathematic models to analyze fouling mechanisms in these filtration processes. It has been found that the commonly used foulant surr
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Peiris, R. H., H. Budman, R. L. Legge, and C. Moresoli. "Assessing irreversible fouling behavior of membrane foulants in the ultrafiltration of natural water using principal component analysis of fluorescence excitation-emission matrices." Water Supply 11, no. 2 (2011): 179–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2011.025.

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Natural river water is comprised of different foulant components such as natural organic matter and colloidal/particulate matter. Both individual and combined contributions of these foulant components results in different fouling behaviour. The ability to characterize these contributions that lead to reversible and irreversible membrane fouling would be beneficial for the implementation of fouling monitoring and control strategies for membrane-based drinking water treatment operations. A fluorescence excitation-emission matrix and principal component analysis-based approach was able to qualita
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Xu, Tingting, Jie Song, and Guangli Xiu. "Study on the cross-flow ultrafiltration of mixtures of macromolecular organic and inorganic salts." Water Science and Technology 85, no. 6 (2022): 1754–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2022.066.

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Abstract Ultrafiltration (UF) has been widely applied to water treatment in the past few decades, but severe membrane fouling is one of the most significant obstacles for its further development. In reality, the constituents of feed water are complex, and the fouling behavior could be different from that induced by a single foulant. In this study, the membrane fouling induced by mixed organic foulant (sodium alginate, SA) and inorganic ions under various conditions were investigated. The effects of ion concentration and valence on the combined fouling as well as the rejection performance were
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Nghiem, Long Duc, Christiane Espendiller, and Gerd Braun. "Influence of organic and colloidal fouling on the removal of sulphamethoxazole by nanofiltration membranes." Water Science and Technology 58, no. 1 (2008): 163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.647.

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This study investigated the effects of organic and colloidal fouling on the removal of a representative micropollutant sulphamethoxazole by two commercially available NF membranes. Alginate, bovine serum albumin and colloidal silica were selected as model foulants to simulate hydrophilic and hydrophobic organic fractions, and colloidal matter that are often found in treated effluent and surface water. Membrane fouling was related to the membrane and foulant characteristics and subsequently the separation behaviour of the micropollutant sulphamethoxazole under different solution pH. On the basi
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Moyo, Welldone, Machawe M. Motsa, Nhamo Chaukura, et al. "Fundamental fouling mechanisms of dissolved organic matter fractions and their implications on the surface modifications of ceramic nanofiltration membranes: insights from a laboratory scale application." Water Science and Technology 80, no. 9 (2019): 1702–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2019.419.

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Abstract This work reports on the fundamental factors influencing inter-foulant and foulant-membrane interactions during simulated dissolved organic matter removal using ceramic nanofiltration. Fouling tests were performed using sodium alginate (SAL), humic acid (HA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) as model foulants. Fouling potentials of each foulant and their mixtures were investigated using feed solutions containing fixed concentrations of K+, Na+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ with a total ionic strength of 10 mM. The impact of modification by atomic layer deposition on fouling mitigation was also assessed
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Yan, Linlin, Ruixue Li, Yu Song, et al. "Characterization of the Fouling Layer on the Membrane Surface in a Membrane Bioreactor: Evolution of the Foulants’ Composition and Aggregation Ability." Membranes 9, no. 7 (2019): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes9070085.

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In this study, the characteristics of membrane foulants were analyzed with regard to morphology, composition, and aggregation ability during the three stages of transmembrane pressure (TMP) development (fast–slow–fast rise in TMP) in a steady operational membrane bioreactor (MBR). The results obtained show that the fouling layer at the slow TMP-increase stage possessed a higher average roughness (71.27 nm) and increased fractal dimension (2.33), which resulted in a low membrane fouling rate (0.87 kPa/d). A higher extracellular DNA (eDNA) proportion (26.12%) in the extracellular polymeric subst
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Ouyang, Rulu, Bin Huang, Chun-Hai Wei, et al. "Cake Layer Fouling Potential Characterization for Wastewater Reverse Osmosis via Gradient Filtration." Membranes 12, no. 8 (2022): 810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12080810.

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It is of great importance to quantitatively characterize feed fouling potential for the effective and efficient prevention and control of reverse osmosis membrane fouling. A gradient filtration method with microfiltration (MF 0.45 μm) → ultrafiltration (UF 100 kDa) → nanofiltration (NF 300 Da) was proposed to extract the cake layer fouling index, I, of different feed foulants in this study. MF, UF, and NF showed high rejection of model suspended solids (kaolin), colloids (sodium alginate and bovine serum albumin), and dissolved organic matters (humic acid) during constant-pressure individual f
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Mulyawan, Rizka, and Agam Muarif. "A Review Of Reverse Osmosis Membrane Fouling: Formation and Control." International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology 1, no. 3 (2021): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.52088/ijesty.v1i3.127.

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Membrane application in reverse osmosis (RO) membrane is getting more attention especially in producing drinking water. However, RO membrane faces challenges that reduces its performance such as its permeation flux, salt rejection, additional energy demand, lifetime decrease, extra pre-treatment process, cleaning and maintenance. The challenge is the formation of fouling. RO membrane fouling can happen inside or outside the membrane and the characteristics of membrane fouling differs from one type to other types, depending on the nature and location of membrane fouling. There are several types
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Chang, Z. H., Y. H. Teow, S. P. Yeap, and J. Y. Sum. "Membrane Fouling – The Enemy of Forward Osmosis." Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology 25, no. 2 (2021): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/amst.v25n2.220.

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Forward osmosis (FO) is an osmotically driven membrane separation process. It is potentially applied in various industries for nutrient recovery and water reclamation. Although FO showed a lesser fouling tendency than other pressure-driven membrane processes, the solutes in the feed solution would still deposit on the membrane surface, forming a fouling layer that resists water permeation. For that reason, fouling mitigation is a trending issue in the FO process. A better understanding of the fouling mechanism is required before opting for the appropriate strategy to mitigate it. This article
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Buchori, Luqman, Heru Susanto, and Budiyono Budiyono. "SINTESIS MEMBRAN ULTRAFILTRASI NON FOULING UNTUK APLIKASI PEMPROSESAN BAHAN PANGAN." Reaktor 13, no. 1 (2010): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.13.1.10-15.

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Membran ultrafiltrasi (UF) telah terbukti sebagai proses yang menjanjikan untuk aplikasi di bidang pemprosesan bahan pangan. Namun, peristiwa fouling dapat menurunkan kinerja membran secara signifikan. Meskipun banyak metode pengendalian fouling telah diusulkan, dalam banyak kasus kinerja proses sangat dipengaruhi oleh membran sebagai jantung dari proses. Dalam makalah ini pengendalian fouling dilakukan dengan memodifikasi permukaan membran dengan teknik kopolimerisasi foto-grafting. Acrylic acid (AA), acrylamido methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS), poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (PEGMA), d
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fouling"

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Alharthi, Majed. "Fouling and cleaning studies of protein fouling at pasteurisation temperatures." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4892/.

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Fouling and cleaning processes impact industrial production, in terms of economics, product quality, product safety, and plant efficiency. Therefore, optimisation of fouling and cleaning processes is a significant issue, and needs a good understanding of fouling and cleaning kinetics. Ideal monitors should determine the right time when a process run should stop and when a plant will be clean in order to improve the process efficiency. This thesis investigated the fouling and cleaning behaviour of dairy fluids in a plate heat exchanger (PHE) and bench scale fouling rig, using whey protein conce
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Fryer, P. J. "Modelling heat exchanger fouling." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377221.

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Helalizadeh, Abbas. "Mixed salt crystallisation fouling." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2002. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844179/.

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The main purpose of this investigation was to study the mechanisms of mixed salt crystallisation fouling on heat transfer surfaces during convective heat transfer and sub-cooled flow boiling conditions. To-date no investigations on the effects of operating parameters on the deposition of mixtures of calcium sulphate and calcium carbonate, which are the most common constituents of scales formed on heat transfer surfaces, have been reported. As part of this research project, a substantial number of experiments were performed to determine the mechanisms controlling deposition. Fluid velocity, hea
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Lewis, William J. T. "Advanced studies of membrane fouling : investigation of cake fouling using fluid dynamic gauging." Thesis, University of Bath, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.646145.

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Membrane filtrations are widely used in process industries but are almost always limited by fouling, a highly studied and significant problem. This is defined as unwanted material deposited on a membrane surface or within its pores, which can significantly impair performance and/or reduce operating life. The strategies to mitigate fouling include cleaning in place, modified membranes, and optimisation of operating conditions. In order to correctly select or target improvements to any such measures a detailed mechanistic understanding of the fouling process is important, which requires more tha
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Shi, Xinlong. "Membrane fouling of activated sludge." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B30731884.

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Sandberg, Jan. "Fouling in biomass fired boilers." Licentiate thesis, Västerås : Department of Public Technology, Mälardalen University, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-219.

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Sandberg, Jan. "Fouling in biomass fired boilers." Doctoral thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hållbar samhälls- och teknikutveckling, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-13204.

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This thesis describes a detailed investigation into fouling in biomass fired boilers according to fuel mixture, combustion conditions, transportation of particles by the flue gas and the probability of particles impinging and sticking onto heat transfer tubes. The effects of fouling on overall boiler performance and the efficacy of soot blowing are also investigated. Both theoretical simulations and practical experiments on a 157 MW circulating fluidized bed boiler are presented. The deposit thickness on and around a heat exchanger tube is shown to be mainly dependent on the ash particle size,
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Bradley, Stuart Edward. "Fouling resistant heat exchanger design." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239799.

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Shi, Xinlong, and 史昕龍. "Membrane fouling of activated sludge." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30731884.

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Howell, John Michael. "Whey permeate fouling of evaporators." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Chemical and Process Engineering, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10686.

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Whey permeate fouling was studied to gain a better understanding of the processes involved and find methods of alleviation. An apparatus was built which allowed study of fouling under industrial conditions. It was found that pretreatment by heating at 80°C for two minutes and then centrifuging at 630 g reduced fouling in the apparatus by 94%. This was attributed to precipitation of calcium phosphate in the solution bulk during preheating, which reduced the level of supersaturation. Heat treatment with the same conditions but without centrifuging reduced fouling by only 39%. Precipitate which f
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Books on the topic "Fouling"

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Huuhilo, Tiina. Fouling, prevention of fouling, and cleaning in filtration. Lappeenranta University of Technology, 2005.

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Simone, Dürr, and Thomason Jeremy, eds. Biofouling. Blackwell, 2010.

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Dürr, Simone. Biofouling. Blackwell, 2010.

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Tsados, Andrew. Gas-side fouling studies. University of Birmingham, 1986.

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Melo, L. F., T. R. Bott, and C. A. Bernardo, eds. Fouling Science and Technology. Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2813-8.

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NATO Advanced Study Institute on Advances in Fouling Science and Technology (1987 Alvor, Portugal). Fouling science and technology. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1988.

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Bott, T. R. Fouling of heat exchangers. Elsevier, 1995.

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V, Bocharov B., and Institut problem ėkologii i ėvoli͡u︡t͡s︡ii im. A.N. Severt͡s︡ova., eds. Biopovrezhdenii͡a︡, obrastanie i zashchita ot nego: Klimaticheskie, biokhimicheskie i ėkotoksikologicheskie faktory. "Nauka", 1996.

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Partaly, E. M. Obrastanie v Azovskom more =: Fouling in the Sea of Azov. Renata, 2003.

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Zvi︠a︡gint︠s︡ev, A. I︠U︡. Morskoe obrastanie v severo-zapadnoĭ chasti Tikhogo okeana. Dalʹnauka, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fouling"

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Giorno, Lidietta, and Napoleone D’Agostino. "Fouling." In Encyclopedia of Membranes. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44324-8_366.

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Giorno, Lidietta, and Napoleone D’Agostino. "Fouling." In Encyclopedia of Membranes. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40872-4_366-1.

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Thulukkanam, Kuppan. "Fouling." In Heat Exchangers. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003352068-2.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Fouling." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers. Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_5254.

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Somerscales, Euan F. C. "Fouling." In Two-Phase Flow Heat Exchangers. Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2790-2_12.

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Howell, J. A., and M. Nyström. "Fouling Phenomena." In Membranes in Bioprocessing: Theory and Applications. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2156-9_6.

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Jiang, Zhongyi, Xueting Zhao, Jinming Peng, Yanlei Su, and Hong Wu. "Fouling Release." In Encyclopedia of Membranes. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44324-8_1282.

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Le-Clech, Pierre. "Reversible Fouling." In Encyclopedia of Membranes. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44324-8_1709.

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D’Agostino, Napoleone, and Lidietta Giorno. "Fouling Index." In Encyclopedia of Membranes. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44324-8_239.

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Fane, Tony. "Irreversible Fouling." In Encyclopedia of Membranes. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44324-8_328.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fouling"

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Richter, Sonja, Jay Locklear, Mohsen Achour, Thomas Baugh, Probjot Singh, and Ross Goff. "Control of Corrosion Inhibitor Fouling in a Highly Sour System." In CORROSION 2018. NACE International, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2018-10918.

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Abstract Black tar-like fouling material was driving frequent shut-downs and increasing corrosion in the inlet area of a gas plant that processes lean gas with high acid gas content (68%CH4, 20%CO2 and 12%H2S). Analytical work indicated that the nitrogen containing corrosion inhibitor (CI) polymerized with sulfur compounds (polysulfides, elemental sulfur and/or H2S) in a type of a vulcanization process resulting in a hard-to-clean insoluble fouling product. Corrosion testing confirmed the role of the CI in creating this fouling. A customized autoclave testing was designed to include powdered e
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Santos, B. G. "Corrosion and Fouling in Petrochemical Environments." In CORROSION 2009. NACE International, 2009. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2009-09163.

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Abstract Although petrochemical process streams are primarily composed of hydrocarbons, corrosion and fouling is observed in various locations and environments in operating plants. An electrochemical high temperature and high pressure facility is used to study the corrosion behaviour of carbon, low alloy and stainless steels in several petrochemical environments. The electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry and open circuit potential measurements are used to study the effect of metallurgy and surface roughness on the initiation of corrosion/fouling on carbon and stainless steels i
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Eaton, P. E. "Fouling Test for Refinery Process Equipment." In CORROSION 1993. NACE International, 1993. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1993-93398.

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Abstract Heated surfaces and heat exchanger data are used to evaluate refinery process side fouling in the laboratory and plant environments. The effects of operating parameters such as crude type, velocity, and surface temperature are represented.
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Beardwood, E. S., P. Bierganns, and T. M. Duncan. "A Novel Fouling Sensor for Aqueous Systems." In CORROSION 2018. NACE International, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2018-10674.

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Abstract Deposits on surfaces in water – bearing systems, also known as “fouling,” can lead to substantial losses in the performance of industrial processes as well as a decrease in product quality and asset life. Early detection and reduction of such deposits can, to a considerable extent, avoid such losses. However, most of the surfaces that become fouled, for example, in process water transport pipes, membrane systems, power plants, food and beverage industries to name a few, are difficult to access and the analysis of the water phase do not reveal the extent of the deposits. Furthermore, i
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Weinell, Claus E., Jan Roll, and Nicholas Marsh. "Anti-Fouling Silicone Elastomers for Offshore Structures." In CORROSION 2006. NACE International, 2006. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2006-06030.

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Abstract For offshore structures, marine fouling is a major economic and technical problem and the development of the offshore oil and gas industry has led to an increased focus on this topic. Accumulated fouling on the jackets of oil platforms will increase hydrodynamic load on the structure because of increased drag resistance to e.g. tidal current. Fouling also makes inspection and maintenance difficult either because of the need of free-space for non-destructive testing (NDT) or reference markers may be hidden. Hard shell fouling such as barnacles exert pressure on the surface to which the
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Zuniga, Patricia, Howard Klee, Kenneth Miller, and Michael Winters. "Experiences with an On-Line Fouling Monitor." In CORROSION 1990. NACE International, 1990. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1990-90363.

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Abstract The evolution of cooling water treatment programs has been proceeding at a very fast pace in the last few years. The treatment of cooling water has become more difficult and a variety of complex chemical treatment programs are offered by the water treating vendors to handle all the potential operating problems. The monitoring of chromate-based programs relied on the use of corrosion coupons and probes under non-heat flux conditions. The use of non-chromate programs operating at an alkaline pH created a positive scaling index. The monitor described in this paper can track the deposit c
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Tyson, Lyndsey, and Ian Fletcher. "Novel Slime Release Biocide Free Technology." In CORROSION 2014. NACE International, 2014. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2014-4468.

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Abstract Industrial inefficiency as the result of bio-fouling accumulation is well-known. The build-up of fouling can compromise power plants and water treatment facilities that rely on optimized water flow. Hard animal fouling can also affect the structural integrity of offshore oil and gas facilities. Over the years coatings suppliers have mainly addressed the issue of bio-fouling build-up on the outside of marine vessels by using anti-fouling coatings that use active biocides to deter fouling growth. Biocide-free elastomer technology has also been developed that is particularly effective at
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Li, Wei. "A Theoretical Analysis of Fouling: Oscillatory Asymptotic Fouling Model." In 8th AIAA/ASME Joint Thermophysics and Heat Transfer Conference. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2002-3320.

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Skiepko, Teodor. "FOULING SHAPE - YET ANOTHER FACTOR TO MITIGATE FOULING THERMAL RESISTANCE." In Proceedings of an International Conference on Mitigation of Heat Exchanger Fouling and Its Economic and Environmental Implications. Begellhouse, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/1-56700-172-6.300.

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Yang, Qingfeng, Jie Ding, and Zi-Qiu Shen. "SAM HEAT TRANSFER SURFACE FOULING BEHAVIOR AND FOULING FRACTAL CHARACTERISTICS." In Proceedings of an International Conference on Mitigation of Heat Exchanger Fouling and Its Economic and Environmental Implications. Begellhouse, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/1-56700-172-6.260.

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Reports on the topic "Fouling"

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Xu, Xuewei. Development of Low Fouling and High Fouling-release Zwitterionic Marine Coatings. Defense Technical Information Center, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada627839.

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Malik, Aslam A. Fluoroelastomer Fouling Release Coating. Defense Technical Information Center, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada351696.

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Kuru, W. C., and C. B. Panchal. High-temperature organic-fluid fouling unit. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/510329.

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Stein, Judith, Christina D. Wood, Kathryn Truby, Owen Harblin, and James Resue. Nontoxic, Self-Cleaning Silicone Fouling Release Coatings. Defense Technical Information Center, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada399920.

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Bockelie, Michael J. Mitigation of Syngas Cooler Plugging and Fouling. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1234451.

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Cella, James. Advanced Non-Toxic Silicone Fouling-Release Coatings. Defense Technical Information Center, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada607451.

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Daniel Molloy. Environmentally Safe Control of Zebra Mussel Fouling. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/935261.

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Chatwani, A. Predictive modelling of boiler fouling. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/233295.

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Sedath, R. H., S. F. Yates, and N. N. Li. Reduced fouling of ultrafiltration membranes via surface fluorination. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6695060.

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Narang, S. C., S. K. Sharma, S. C. Ventura, D. L. Roberts, and N. Ahner. Research and development to overcome fouling of membranes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7238494.

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