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1
Aminullah, Aminullah, and Miftahul Iman. "Pengaruh Perbedaan Elevasi Muka Air Tanah Pada Pondasi Telapak Berdasarkan Studi Numerik." Borneo Engineering : Jurnal Teknik Sipil 3, no. 1 (August 17, 2019): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.35334/be.v3i1.737.
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The south Kalimantan Province has various soil characteristic, the difference of ground water level included . Experimental modeling of foot plate foundations in various ground water level is too difficult to be performed. There were so many variables that need to be evaluated in the modeling. The numerical model was based on finite element method such in Abaqus allowed the modeling of foot plate foundations with the various of ground water level. This study modeled the foot plate foundation structure where located on various ground water level by giving variations of the effect of water level to the elevation of the foundation. Water level variations are determined successively below the foundation elevation, the same as the foundation elevation and above the foundation elevation. The analysis performed is static structure analysis with idealization of 2D shell idealization. The result of the research showed that the ground water level effect the stress and deformation of soil closed to foundation elevation. The stress had been evaluated at the base of the foundation for each ground water level difference correspondently 16,53 MPa, 9.34 MPa and 3.59 MPa. The lowest stresses was occured in ground water elevation above the foundation elevation (78.28%).
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Yudandi, Lutfi Ahmad, Bambang Setiawan, and Noegroho Djarwanti. "ANALISIS LENDUTAN MODEL SISTEM CAKAR AYAM MODIFIKASI DENGAN PEMBEBANAN TUNGGAL (BEBAN TITIK)." Jurnal Riset Rekayasa Sipil 2, no. 2 (March 12, 2019): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jrrs.v2i2.28624.
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<em>Soft soil has low bearing capacity and high compressibility that can cause instability and long-term degradation that can make around some road settlement or wavy. A solution to prevent this soft soil problem was built Modified Chicken Foot, The function of Chicken Foot Foundation is to increase its bearing capacity. This research is using single load<strong> </strong>with variation distance of triangle foot foundation pattern whereas analysis of deflection using finite element method based. The research shows displacement result is depend on distance between load position and foot foundation, the closer distance between foot foundation the less it would result. The displacement result that happened at roadside is larger than at middle of the road, the difference between them is -6,8% up to 67% and The displacement result that happened in plate without pipe is larger than a plate with pipe, the difference between them is 12,31% up to 59,41%. </em>
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Lushnikov, V. V. "THE WORD ABOUT THE FOUNDATION (OR THE FOUNDATION AS AN ANALOGUE OF THE SUPPORTS OF THE CREATIONS OF NATURE)." Construction and Geotechnics 10, no. 2 (December 15, 2019): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/2224-9826/2019.2.02.
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The foundations that serve together with the soils of the foundations of buildings and structures are directly or indirectly borrowed by Man from what was created in Nature - supports of her living and non-living creations: the feet of Man or animals, the roots of plants. Different types of foundations have their counterparts in nature. It is interesting to see how and why these or other forms of Supports appeared, their sizes, how they change, adapt to changes in the environment during the existence of the creation of Nature. And how a Man can use the finds of Nature in his activities in the design of foundations and even buildings and structures. Examples are a pillar foundation that can be cut from a person’s foot; slab foundation - paws of waterfowl; Pile foundation essentially has much in common with the legs of hoofed animals. The heat-insulated foundation can be compared with the paws of a polar bear, whose feet are “lined” with fur. Particular attention is paid to the root system of the tree, which can be considered an ideal foundation. The ability of various trees to adapt to the terrain on which it grows is an example of a possible approach to designing rational types of foundations. The principle of inclusion in the work under the loads of the soil surrounding the root system is implemented in the Tree. At the same time, the roots “reinforce” the surrounding soil, create from it a single system, which perceives the loads acting on the tree. Such an approach is implemented, for example, when constructing foundations or hardening soils using the geotechnogenic system.
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Hussain, Imam, Muhammad Osama, and Reem Javed Malik. "CONGENITAL FOOT ANOMALIES;." Professional Medical Journal 24, no. 01 (January 18, 2017): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.01.477.
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Background: Congenital foot anomalies affect a large number of childrenthroughout the world. Rehabilitation of these anomalies is expensive and time consuming.There are many factors responsible for these anomalies. Incidence of these anomalies variesin different areas of the world. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of congenitalfoot anomalies among children reporting at Chal foundation, Swabi, Pakistan. Study Design: Across sectional descriptive study. Setting: Chal Foundation, Swabi, Pakistan. Period: October2012 – October 2014. Methodology: Sample was selected using the convenience samplingtechnique. A total of 1141 patients visited the center, out of which 408 cases of congenitalfoot anomalies. Patient demographics including name, age, gender and district along withdiagnosis and side involvement was noted, and analyzed on SPSS v21.0. Results: A sampleof 408 patients was taken from which 70.3% were males and 29.7% were females. The meanage of the patients was 4.47 years at the time of visit. Only 5.9% cases were reported within thefirst year after birth. Right side foot anomaly was observed in 23.8% cases and 20.3% caseshad left side foot anomaly. Bilateral anomaly was observed in 55.9% cases. Among the 408cases, the most often reported was CTEV, observed in 79.7% cases. The second most commonanomaly was pes planus, observed in 8.8% cases. Conclusion: Congenital foot anomalies arecommon musculoskeletal anomalies affecting a large number of children, the most prevalentof which is CTEV. Unfortunately few people seek management in time either due to lack offacilities or awareness. Prevalent cousin marriages in the society may also play an influentialrole in increased risk of such anomalies to occur. Many of these anomalies can be managedconservatively with physical therapy and orthotics if reported in due time. Attention should bepaid on educating people regarding identification and timely management of such conditions.
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Iman, M., F. Harwadi, Pramudiyanto, and Aminullah. "Numerical Modeling of Foot Plate Foundation Located on Peat Soil." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 366 (November 21, 2019): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/366/1/012010.
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Chen, Lijun, Jianxun Chen, Yanbin Luo, Yao Li, and Taotao Hu. "Vertical Load and Settlement at the Foot of Steel Rib with the Support of Feet-Lock Pipe in Soft Ground Tunnel." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (February 3, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6186748.
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In soft ground tunnels, feet-lock pipes have been widely used to decrease the concentration of load and settlement at the foot of steel ribs. This paper presents an analytical method to predict the vertical load and settlement at the foot of steel ribs with the support of the feet-lock pipe. First, the mechanical model of a steel rib and feet-lock pipe combined structure involving the ground reaction at the foot was proposed. In this model, the deformation compatibility among the steel rib, the feet-lock pipe, and the ground at the tunnel foot were considered, and an elastic foundation beam model with double parameter for the feet-lock pipe was proposed. Then, based on the proposed mechanical model, the analytical equations for predicting the vertical load and settlement at the foot of the steel rib were derived using structural analysis and beam theory on elastic foundation. The predicted vertical loads and settlements were validated by comparing with the results of field measurements and the Winkler foundation beam model for the feet-lock pipe, and the results show that the feet-lock pipe can effectively reduce the load acting on the ground, where the steel rib was installed, and finally improve the stability of the tunnel structure.
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Hoffman, Martin D. "Etiological Foundation for Practical Strategies to Prevent Exercise-Related Foot Blisters." Current Sports Medicine Reports 15, no. 5 (2016): 330–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/jsr.0000000000000297.
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Cetti, RJ, R. Singh, L. Bissell, and R. Shaw. "The urological foot soldier: are we equipping our foundation-year doctors?" Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 92, no. 8 (September 1, 2010): 284–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147363510x12779829582415.
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Tomorrow's Doctors was first published by the General Medical Council (GMC) in 1993. The recommendations provide a framework for UK medical schools to use to design detailed curricula and schemes of assessment in the training of future doctors. They also set out the minimum standards that are used to judge the quality of undergraduate teaching. In 2003 this guidance was revised and a further 2009 version has now been published. A constant feature of these important documents is a list of therapeutic procedures that all graduates are expected be able to perform safely and effectively. These include male and female urethral catheterisation.
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Hussain, Imam, Muhammad Osama, and Reem Javed Malik. "CONGENITAL FOOT ANOMALIES; FREQUENCY AMONG CHILDREN REPORTING AT CHAL FOUNDATION, SWABI, PAKISTAN." PROFESSIONAL MEDICAL JOURNAL 24, no. 01 (January 1, 2017): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17957/tpmj/17.3691.
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Clemens, Stanley R. "Applied Measurement—Using Problem Solving." Mathematics Teacher 78, no. 3 (March 1985): 176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.78.3.0176.
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Working several recent summers in construction gave me firsthand experience in applied measurement. In applied measurement the “stakes” are high; an error can cost thousands of dollars. For example, on one occasion I had responsibility for locating the vertices of a 132-foot-by- 135-foot rectangle that were to mark the foundation for a $1.5 million building.
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Sugano, Arleen, and Kenneth Laws. "Physical Analysis as a Foundation for Pirouette Training." Medical Problems of Performing Artists 17, no. 1 (March 1, 2002): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2002.1005.
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Learning to perform successful pirouettes is often a very repetitive process, which can lead to fatigue-related injury. Little use is made of scientific principles of motion that can make instruction more efficient. This study of the relationship between certain aspects of the pirouette preparation position and the success of the movement relates the fundamental physical principles to experimental results with dancers. The results show that pirouettes are generally improved when the width of the fourth position preparation is increased, so long as the initial proportion of weight on each foot is carefully controlled. Those results are demonstrably useful in enhancing the efficiency of instruction and lessening the potential for injury for students learning pirouettes.
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Zhou, De-quan, Chen-xi Feng, Liu-xi Li, Yi Zhou, and Qin Zhu. "Reinforcement Effect of Inclined Prestressed Concrete Pipe Piles on an Inclined Soft Foundation." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (August 20, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5275903.
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The embankment slope is vulnerable to slip and collapse, when prestressed concrete pipe (PCP) piles are used to reinforce the inclined soft foundation to bear the load of the embankment. Accordingly, this study puts forward new programs for strengthening embankment foundation with inclined, rather than vertical, PCP piles. Based on an actual engineering accident with embankment slope collapse, this study establishes a finite element model, accompanied by analysis of engineering characteristics and reinforcement effects of the foundation. The main conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) when a pile-supported foundation is used to strengthen the inclined soft foundation, PCP piles in the lower part of the embankment are subjected to bending moments, with their maximum value appearing in the upper part of the PCP pile at the embankment slope foot. During the embankment filling, the maximum pile bending moment may reach the ultimate bending load, resulting in bending failure accompanied with large lateral displacement and even slope collapse. The maximum horizontal displacement of the foundation is located at the foot of the embankment slope. (2) Reinforcement using inclined PCP piles contributes to smaller maximum pile body bending moments than that using vertical PCP piles and loading berms, and such contribution is enhanced when the inclination angle of PCP piles in the lower part of the slope gets larger. Therefore, inclined PCP piles with high angles are optimum in improving the overall stability of the foundation. (3) Compared with vertical PCP piles, inclined PCP piles contribute to smaller horizontal displacement and vertical settlement in foundation reinforcement, which means better reinforcement effects. Moreover, as the inclination angle of PCP piles increases, the maximum displacement decreases rapidly, associated with greatly enhanced lateral stability.
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Khristich, D. V., Y. V. Astapov, E. V. Artyukh, and M. Y. Sokolova. "NUMERICAL MODELING OF STRESSES IN THE MASSIF OF A CLAY SOIL UNDER THE FOUNDATION." News of the Tula state university. Sciences of Earth 4, no. 1 (2019): 312–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.46689/2218-5194-2019-4-1-312-319.
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The results of the calculation of the base of the foundation, obtained using the previously proposed physically and geometrically nonlinear model of a hyperelastic isotropic material that can be applied to the description of strains of clay soils, are considered. A numerical model of the interaction of the foundation foot with the base is constructed using the finite element method. The obtained results allow to refine the known analytical calculations carried out within the framework of linear elasticity.
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Hsiao, K.-H., Y.-H. Chen, P.-Y. Tsai, and H.-S. Yan. "Structural synthesis of ancient Chinese foot-operated slanting loom." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 225, no. 11 (September 19, 2011): 2685–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406211405402.
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This study synthesizes the structures of the foot-operated slanting loom, which was depicted confusedly in many ancient Chinese literatures. Based on the analysis of mechanism, the structural characteristics and design constraints of the mechanism with uncertain members and joints are concluded. Then, according to the concepts of generalization and specialization subject to the concluded design constraints, all feasible structures of mechanism that met the technological standards of the subject's time period are reconstructed. This reconstruction process provides a logical foundation to better understanding, clarification, and suggestions for the issue of the ancient mechanical drawings with uncertain members and joints.
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Bagrin, Е. А. "SELENGINSK GARRISON AND CAVALRY FOUNDATION IN 1690–1693." Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Historical science 7 (73), no. 2 (2021): 20–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2413-1741-2021-7-2-20-38.
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The article examines the issues related to Selenginsk garrison in the 90s XVII century. This period in Dauria is associated with the military reforms of F.A. Golovin after the conclusion of the Treaty of Nerchinsk in 1689. The garrisons of Trans–Baikal forts had a number of problems that had to be solved. Selenginsk warriors got salaries like foot Cossacks, but in fact they performed equestrian services without receiving money from the state for horse service. This circumstance led them to impoverishment and discontent. Selenginsk warriors asked to increase the garrison and pay them higher salaries as for horse Cossacks. F. Golovin granted their request partially – he transferred only one third of people to the equestrian service. Udinsk warriors or «temporary workers» were transferred to Selenginsk for strengthening the military contingent of the fortress. The consequences of this decision indirectly led to a military revolt in 1696. The article compares the personnel of Selenginsk garrison in 1683 and 1693. There is Information about the military services of warriors: D. Mnogogreshny, L. Uvarov (Fedorov), A. Berezovsky, S. Kazants, I. Novikov, S. Krasnoyar and others. The experience of cavalry foundation in the Selenginsk fortress were used by F. Golovin to reform Irkutsk garrison.
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Zhang, Yufang, Hongyu Liu, Jian Li, Jiaming Li, Qidi Huang, and Xianjie Ma. "Research on the Influence Mechanism of the High-Steep Slope on the Deformation Characteristics of Bridge Substructure." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (August 31, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9037680.
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With the development of the Chinese railway, the high-steep slope is irreversible to be faced; especially under severe conditions such as heavy rainfall and earthquake, this kind of slope is prone to geological disasters, which seriously affects the safety and stability of the bridge substructure. Aiming to this, long-term monitorization and numerical analysis were carried out in this research, and the influence mechanism of the high-steep slopes on the stress and deformation characteristics of the bridge structure was studied. The research results show that under the effect of rainfall and earthquake, the original stress balance in the high-steep slope is broken, and the possibility of landslide thrust increases; under the comprehensive impact of residual landslide thrust, traction force at slope foot, vertical gravity of bridge slab and vehicle, and the bridge cap will deform. Besides, the deformation of the bridge pier exceeds the allowable lateral displacement of the top of the bridge pier, reaching 111.7%∼112.4% of the limit, which seriously affects the stability of the bridge structure and the safety of the railway service. Therefore, by increasing the support strength of the slope foot and the diameter of the bridge pile foundation, the traction force of the slope foot can be reduced, and the sliding resistance of the bridge pile foundation can be improved so as the safety of the bridge structure can be promoted.
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Johari, Nor Rofizah, and Khatijah Md Saad. "DESIGN INVESTIGATION ON FOOT DEFORMITIES WORKING FOOTWEAR." Journal of Information System and Technology Management 4, no. 15 (December 15, 2019): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/jistm.415004.
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Footwear was planned to protect the feet from the environment. Choosing the right footwear based on foot conditions and requirements enabling to reduce the risk of injury, fast fatigue, and foot pains. Good footwear should provide stability to the joints of the foot and a foundation upon which the foot can function. The objective of this study is to provide information that will assist researchers and designers in identifying, designing and offering appropriate and better working footwear designs for those with foot deformities. Two identified workers from the footwear factory with congenital foot deformities participated in this prospective intervention study for over 12 months. An interview and a video on how the participant wears and walk with normal commercial shoes were recorded. The physical examination was also assessed including the footwear, feet, legs, and hips of the subjects. They were examined with a focus on the areas of deformities. Each leg has different shape and concerns. Hence, each footwear designed for those with foot deformities must be customized base on the factors of type of deformities, body size and the remaining skeletal structure and muscular. With proper modification, people who have foot deformities and unable to buy suitable footwear will be able to relieve the pain and at the same time increase the individual motivation in job satisfaction, motivation or enthusiasm to work and reducing levels of stress or emotional upset.
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Murawski, Lech. "Influence of Marine Main Engine Foundations on the Results of Vibration Calculations." Journal of KONES 26, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kones-2019-0012.
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Abstract The article presents an influence of foundations of slow-speed main engine body on the results of numerical analysis of the engine dynamic stiffnesses and thermal deformations. The engine body is much stiffer than its foundation pads and ship hull (double bottom) – boundary conditions of the engine. Especially for the high power, marine engines, the correct model of the boundary conditions plays a key role during the analyses. Therefore, modelling method of engine foundation (boundary conditions) of that kind of model is essential during the analyses. During shaft line alignment and crankshaft springing analyses, knowledge of dynamic stiffnesses characteristics and thermal displacements of radial (main) bearings is significant. Those data of marine main engine body are difficult to estimate because of lack of available documentation and complicated shape of the engine and ship hull. The article presents the methodology of the characteristics determination of the marine engine's body as well as the example of computations for a MAN B&W K98MC type engine (power: 40000 kW, revolutions: 94 rpm) mounted on a 3000 TEU (twenty-foot container equivalent unit) container ship (length: 250 m). Numerical analyses were performed with usage of Nastran software based on Finite Element Method. The FEM model of the engine body comprised over 800 thousand degree of freedom.
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Strzalkowski, Nicholas D. J., Ryan M. Peters, J. Timothy Inglis, and Leah R. Bent. "Cutaneous afferent innervation of the human foot sole: what can we learn from single-unit recordings?" Journal of Neurophysiology 120, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 1233–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00848.2017.
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Cutaneous afferents convey exteroceptive information about the interaction of the body with the environment and proprioceptive information about body position and orientation. Four classes of low-threshold mechanoreceptor afferents innervate the foot sole and transmit feedback that facilitates the conscious and reflexive control of standing balance. Experimental manipulation of cutaneous feedback has been shown to alter the control of gait and standing balance. This has led to a growing interest in the design of intervention strategies that enhance cutaneous feedback and improve postural control. The advent of single-unit microneurography has allowed the firing and receptive field characteristics of foot sole cutaneous afferents to be investigated. In this review, we consolidate the available cutaneous afferent microneurographic recordings from the foot sole and provide an analysis of the firing threshold, and receptive field distribution and density of these cutaneous afferents. This work enhances the understanding of the foot sole as a sensory structure and provides a foundation for the continued development of sensory augmentation insoles and other tactile enhancement interventions.
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Hsiao, Kuo-Hung, and Hong-Sen Yan. "STRUCTURAL SYNTHESIS OF ANCIENT CHINESE DRAWLOOM FOR PATTERN-WEAVING." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 35, no. 2 (June 2011): 291–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2011-0017.
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This work synthesizes the mechanism structures of the drawloom for pattern-weaving, which was illustrated unclearly in many ancient Chinese literatures. Based on the analysis of mechanism, the structural characteristics and design constraints of the mechanism with uncertain members and joints are concluded. Then, according to the concepts of generalization and specialization subject to the concluded design constraints, all feasible structures of mechanism that meet the technological standards of the subject’s time period are reconstructed including 16 and 8 design concepts for the heddle foot-falling device and the heddle foot-raising device, respectively. This reconstruction process provides a logical foundation to deal with the issue of the ancient mechanical drawings with uncertain members and joints.
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Yuan, Yi, Qiang Bing Huang, Jie Han, and Ming Li Li. "Model Test of the Impact of Active Ground Fissures on Metro Tunnel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 1334–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.1334.
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A model test was performed to investigate the impact of active ground fissure on metro tunnel. The test results show that under the action of active ground fissure, the metro tunnel behaviors as a cantilever elastic foundation beam, and the top is in tension and its bottom is in compression. The tensile parts are located in the foot-wall with the range 0.75～2.33D（D is tunnel diameter） distance from active ground fissure and the compressive parts are mainly located in the foot-wall with the range 3D distance from the fissure. When the settlement of hanging wall of ground fissure reaches 1cm（25cm in prototype）, the tunnel bottom appear cavity in the hanging wall and cracks in the foot-wall. With the settlement development of the hanging wall of active ground fissure the vertical soil pressure on the top of tunnel greatly increases and reduces at the bottom of tunnel in the hanging wall.
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Cheng, Chih-Hsiu, Liang-Wey Chang, and Kwan-Hwa Lin. "DETERMINATION OF FOOT-PLATE SPACING FOR SWIVEL WALKERS BY AN OPTIMIZATION METHOD." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 22, no. 03 (June 2010): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237210001931.
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Swivel walkers have been useful devices in ambulation for many young paraplegic patients for being advantageous in providing reliable stability, easy handling, and hands-free walking. The placement of the foot-plates on swivel walkers affects the gait efficiency. However, the determination of the foot-plate spacing has been purely empirical and no theoretical work has been attempted before. This study aimed to develop a dynamic model of the swivel walker in the coronal plane to formulate an optimal design problem such that the energy loss due to impact could be computed and minimized within a feasible range of the coronal-plane movement. Children of heights from 0.75 to 1.45 m and weights from 15 to 45 kg fitted with the conventional swivel walkers were simulated. The results indicated that the range of the foot-plate spacing was roughly between 1/4 and 1/6 of the body heights. A regression formula was also derived to estimate foot-plate spacing with respect to the heights and weights of the simulated subjects for clinical applications. We conclude that the theoretical framework not only builds a foundation to determine the foot-plate spacing, but also reveals the dynamic behavior of the swivel walkers in the coronal plane. The results could be applied to the design of other biped locomotion systems.
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Utkin, Vladimir S. "FRICTION PILE RELIABILITY ANALYSIS WITH RESPECT TO THE FOUNDATION SOIL BEARING CAPACITY." Stroitel stvo nauka i obrazovanie [Construction Science and Education], no. 4 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/10.22227/2305-5502.2018.4.1.
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Introduction. Friction pile reliability under the action of the central compressing force according to the Set of Rules 24.13330.2011 is calculated from the first group of the limit states — from the bearing capacity (using the pile material strength criteria and the foundation soil bearing capacity criterion) and from the second group of the limit states — from the pile load-deformation behaviour. Materials and methods. A method of calculating the friction pile reliability from the foundation soil bearing capacity is considered. Reliability appears as a quantitative measure of safety of a single pile operation. The foundation soil bearing capacity is accepted as a criterion for the pile operating capacity. The pile reliability analysis is based on the statistical information obtained during the preliminary pile testing with measuring the friction on the surface of the pile placed in the soil layers and the soil stress under the pile foot. The testing methods for obtaining the statistical information were well-known and used earlier to generate the lists of f-values and R-values in the Set of Rules 24.13330.2011. Each random parameter is measured at least three times. Results. The theory of analysis of the preliminary pile reliability in accordance with GOST 27751-2014 “Reliability of building structures and foundations” has been built on this statistical information. Reliability as the calculation result is represented by interval notation. The mathematical model of the limit state of the pile from the foundation soil bearing capacity has been borrowed from the Set of Rules. The connection (formula) between the length of the pile and the value of its reliability as a safety measure for its operation in the foundation soil has been established. Evaluation of the friction pile reliability corresponding to the characteristic value is carried out by calculation (trail-and-error method) from the mechanical properties of the soil and the load on the pile with the indication of the value of the length of the pile or the sum of the soil layers, each of the values in this case shall be not more than 2 m. The reliability analysis is described in the case studies set out in the article. Conclusions. Pile reliability analysis is based on the actual information about the pile operation in the foundation soil according to the current regulations of the Russian Federation, so the proposed method of the friction pile reliability analysis can be transferred into practice. It can also be used in the reliability calculation for other load-bearing elements, in the regulatory literature, and in the academic work of construction universities.
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Zhang, Rulin, Shili Chu, Kailai Sun, Zhongtao Zhang, and Huaifeng Wang. "Effect of the Directional Components of Earthquakes on the Seismic Behavior of an Unanchored Steel Tank." Applied Sciences 10, no. 16 (August 8, 2020): 5489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10165489.
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This paper investigates the effect of the multi-directional components of ground motion on an unanchored steel storage tank. Both the liquid sloshing effect and contact behavior between the foundation and tank are included in the study. A three-dimensional model for a foundation–structure–liquid system is numerically simulated using the finite element method. The Lagrange fluid finite element method (FEM) in ANSYS is used to consider the liquid–solid interaction. In the liquid–structure–foundation interaction model, the contact and target elements are adapted to simulate the nonlinear uplift and slip effects between the tank and the foundation. Three earthquake ground motions are selected for evaluating the seismic behavior of the tank. Comparisons are made on the horizontal displacement, “elephant-foot” deformation, stress, base shear and moment, sloshing of the liquid, uplift, as well as slip behavior under the application of the unidirectional, bi-directional and tri-directional components. Under the selected ground motions, the horizontal bi-directional seismic component has great influence on the liquid sloshing in the tank studied in this paper. The vertical seismic component produces high compressive axial stress, and it also makes the uplift and slide of the tank bottom increase significantly. The applicability of this conclusion should be carefully considered when applied to other types of ground motion inputs.
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McFadden, Susan Willis. "German citizenship law and the Turkish diaspora." German Law Journal 20, no. 1 (February 2019): 72–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/glj.2019.7.
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AbstractPeople of Turkish ethnicity constitute Germany’s largest immigrant group but only a small percentage have naturalized as German citizens This article explores the historical foundation of Turkish migration to Germany and the legislative attempts made by both Germany and Turkey to accommodate these people with one foot in each country. It argues that only by abandoning its long-held prejudice against dual citizenship can Germany increase the naturalization rate of all foreigners in its country, not just those from Turkey.
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Wang, Yong, Feng Yang, Jing Lei Zhang, Yan Ni Zhang, and Yang Gao. "Ancient Commercial Buildings Seismic Performance Analysis and Study of Protection." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 1965–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.1965.
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Ancient wood structure usually has good anti-seismic performance because of structural characteristics. Mortise joint and tenon joint of wood structure component parts of the node can be very good energy dissipation and mitigate the effects of earthquake damage at the time of seismic action. Column foot and foundation can effectively reduce the seismic response with friction-sliding. It can give clear status evaluation from the perspective of applicability to protecting the ancient timber structures which is of great importance to protection.
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Al-Mohrej, Omar A., Sahar S. Aldakhil, Nouf F. Alsadoun, Fawaz N. Alshaalan, Abdulrahman Alomair, Bashyar Almuqbail, Mohammed S. Alqahtani, et al. "Foot and ankle radiographic angles in a normal saudi population." Journal of Musculoskeletal Surgery and Research 5 (July 2, 2021): 152–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/jmsr_19_2021.
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Objectives: Radiographic reference lines, angles, and measures comprise the foundation for accurate evaluation and surgical planning of orthopedic surgeries, especially when it comes to foot and ankle deformities. To date, no study has evaluated the average parameters for foot and ankle radiography in the Saudi population. This study aimed to establish reference values of foot and ankle angles for the general Saudi population. Methods: We included 100 participants (200 feet) in this study, with 50 males and 50 females aged 21–30 years. We recruited subjects who had no history of foot or ankle pain, surgery or fracture, no evidence of ligamentous laxity, and no history of systemic disease. Bilateral anterior-posterior (AP) and lateral weight-bearing radiographs were obtained using standardized angles. A total of 19 angles on AP and 9 angles on lateral radiographs were evaluated. Radiographic parameters were compared between genders. Results: A total of 400 radiographs from 200 normal feet were evaluated. The mean ± SD age of the subjects was 22.7±1.7 years. Statistically significant differences in mean radiographic parameters were found between males and females in both radiographic projections. Conclusion: Significant variation exists between the normal foot and ankle reference angles between the Saudi population included in our study and other ethnicities. Moreover, significant differences are found between genders in our study. Considering the lack of other studies involving the Saudi population, the results of this study can help serve as a reference when evaluating Saudi patients.
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Chen, Mingfang, Kaixiang Zhang, Sen Wang, Fei Liu, Jinxin Liu, and Yongxia Zhang. "Analysis and Optimization of Interpolation Points for Quadruped Robots Joint Trajectory." Complexity 2020 (July 1, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3507679.
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Trajectory planning is the foundation of locomotion control for quadruped robots. This paper proposes a bionic foot-end trajectory which can adapt to many kinds of terrains and gaits based on the idea of trajectory planning combining Cartesian space with joint space. Trajectory points are picked for inverse kinematics solution, and then quintic polynomials are used to plan joint space trajectories. In order to ensure that the foot-end trajectory generated by the joint trajectory planning is closer to the original Cartesian trajectory, the distributions of the interpolation point are analyzed from the spatial domain to temporal domain. An evaluation function was established to assess the closeness degree between the actual trajectory and the original curve. Subsequently, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and genetic algorithm (GA) for the points selection are used to obtain a more precise trajectory. Simulation and physical prototype experiments were included to support the correctness and effectiveness of the algorithms and the conclusions.
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Rejman, Marek, and Bartosz Ochmann. "Modeling of Monofin Swimming Technique: Optimization of Feet Displacement and Fin Strain." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 25, no. 4 (November 2009): 340–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.25.4.340.
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The aim of this study was to develop a functional model of monofin swimming by assigning numerical forms to certain technique parameters. The precise determination of optimal foot displacement and monofin strain points toward a model aspect for increasing swimming speed. Eleven professional swimmers were filmed underwater. The kinematic data were then used as entry variable for an artificial neural network, which itself created the foundation for a model of monofin swimming technique. The resulting network response graphs indicate a division set of standard deviation values in which the examined angular parameters of foot and monofin displacement achieve optimal values in terms of gaining maximal swimming speed. During the upward movement, it is essential to limit dorsal foot flexion (–20°) from the parallel position toward the shin (180°). During the downward movement, plantar flexion should not exceed 180°. The optimal scope of the proximal part of the fin strain is 35° in the downward movement and (–)27° in the upward; the angles of attack of the distal part of the fn and its entire surface are limited to 37° in the downward movement and (–)26° in the upward. Optimization criteria allowed for movement modification to gain and maintain maximal velocity during both cycle phases and to limit cycle velocity decrease.
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Reach, Pauline, Maxime Touzot, Yannis Lombardi, Catherine Maheas, Emmanuelle Sacco, Audrey Fels, Hélène Beaussier, et al. "Electrochemical skin conductance by Sudoscan®: a new tool to predict intradialytic hypotension." Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 36, no. 8 (May 22, 2021): 1511–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfab183.
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Abstract Background Intradialytic hypotension (IDH), a common complication in haemodialysis (HD) patients, is associated with multiple risk factors including cardiac dysfunction and alterations of the peripheral autonomic nervous system. To what extent dysautonomia may contribute to the occurrence of IDH remains elusive. We sought to investigate the clinical utility of Sudocan®, a device that quantifies dysautonomia, in the prediction of IDH. Methods We conducted a prospective monocentric study in adult HD patients from July 2019 to February 2020. Dysautonomia was assessed by the measurements of hand and foot electrochemical skin conductance (ESC) using Sudocan®, before HD. The primary endpoint was the incidence of IDH (The National Kidney Foundation/Kidney-Dialysis Outcome Quality Initiative definition), according to the presence of a pathological hand and/or foot ESC value, during the 3-month study period. Results A total of 176 HD patients (64 ± 14 years old) were enrolled. Mean pre-dialysis HD hand and foot ESC was 45 ± 20 and 54 ± 22 µS, respectively. About 35% and 40% of patients had a pathological ESC at the hand and foot, respectively. IDH occurred in 46 patients. Logistic regression showed that pathologic pre-dialysis HD hand ESC was associated with an increased risk of IDH [odds ratio = 2.56, 95% CI (1.04–6.67), P = 0.04]. The cumulative risk incidence of IHD during the study was 5.65 [95% CI (2.04–15.71), P = 0.001] and 3.71 [95% CI (1.41–9.76), P = 0.008], with a pathological hand and foot ESC, respectively. Conclusions A pathological hand ESC, as assessed by a non-invasive Sudoscan® test, is associated with an increased risk of IDH.
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Avery, Gayle C. "Dr Thep Himathongkam: transforming diabetes treatment in Thailand." Strategy & Leadership 44, no. 3 (May 16, 2016): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sl-04-2016-0021.
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Purpose This interview discusses a “Blue Ocean” strategy initiative: how to introduce effective change in diabetes care into Thailand given a strong reluctance in patients, and in Thai society, to see that diabetes is not a condition to be treated by doctors alone. Design/methodology/approach An interview with Dr Thep Himathongkam, the pioneer of holistic diabetes care in Thailand. Findings One strategic management problem he faced was the lack of suitably trained staff. Thailand had no university courses producing the multidisciplinary personnel needed for diabetes treatment such as diabetes educators, dieticians, or foot care specialists. He address the multidisciplinary personnel shortage by training the missing specialists, getting universities on board and more recently securing funding from the World Diabetes Foundation. Practical implications The result of the diabetic foot-care training for more than 2,500 personnel, mostly from community hospitals, has been markedly successful, with a reduction in annual amputations in Thailand of 80 per cent over five years. Originality/value This interview offers a look at the multi-track problem solving required to successfully implement a Blue Ocean strategy.
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Graham, Michael E., Rachit Parikh, Vijay Goel, Devdatt Mhatre, and Aaron Matyas. "Stabilization of Joint Forces of the Subtalar Complex via HyProCure Sinus Tarsi Stent." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 101, no. 5 (September 1, 2011): 390–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/1010390.
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Background: The foot is the foundation of the body. The stability of the osseous hindfoot structure is crucial in bipedal locomotion. The subtalar joint is responsible for conversion of the rotatory forces of the lower extremities and dictates the movements of the midtarsal joints and the forefoot. In a hyperpronated foot, excessive abnormal pronation results in partial to full obliteration of the sinus tarsi. The hypothesis is that the HyProCure device will prevent obliteration of the sinus tarsi, thereby stabilizing the subtalar joint complex and eliminating the excessive forces to the proximal and distal musculoskeletal system that occur with every step. Methods: Five fresh-frozen human foot cadaver specimens that represented pathologic hindfoot and midfoot instability and partial to full obliteration of the sinus tarsi were axially compressed to 2,000 N and internally rotated by 15° to produce maximum pronation of the subtalar joint using a biaxial materials testing machine. The forces were measured across the posterior and anterior talocalcaneal joint facets before and after placement of the HyProCure stent. Results: The subtalar joint stabilized after placement of the HyProCure sinus tarsi stent. The mean ± 1 SD forces in the posterior talocalcaneal joint increased from 795.88 ± 106 N to 1,004.86 ± 72.41 N (P < 0.05, two-tailed paired t test). The mean ± SD forces at the anterior talocalcaneal joint decreased from 520.15 ± 127.18 N to 394.56 ± 73.83 N (P < 0.05), shifting the contact area posteriorly. Conclusions: Placement of the HyProCure subtalar stabilization stent in a hyperpronated foot prevents excessive talar subluxation and assists in proper distribution of the axial loads on the subtalar facet joints. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 101(5): 390–399, 2011)
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Ebadi, Parviz, Mohammad Soleimani, and Mohsen Beheshti. "Design Methodology of Base Plates with Column Eccentricity in Two Directions under Bidirectional Moment." Civil Engineering Journal 4, no. 11 (November 30, 2018): 2773. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-03091197.
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Base plate is a critical structural component responsible for transferring loads from the structure to the foundation. By increasing the contact surface between the column foot and the foundation, base plates contribute to more manageable distribution of column forces and the resulting stresses in the substructure. The off-center positioning of column on the base plate, which is sometimes unavoidable because of the limitations imposed by elevator shaft, adjacent buildings, etc. could be a major design issue. This paper investigates the effects of column eccentricity on the design and stress distribution of base plates and the impact of stiffeners on the thickness of these plates. In this investigation, a comparison is made between the superposition method and the finite element method in terms of their evaluation of stress levels under the base plate with column eccentricity. The study also aims to determine the magnitude and distribution of maximum stresses with plate’s thickness and dimensions and column’s position on the plate taken into account. The results show that the superposition method can be confidently used in the force analysis and design of base plates with column eccentricity under bidirectional moments.
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Burton, W. B., Dap Hartmann, and S. R. D. West. "HI in the Milky Way: Selected Problems Illustrated by the Leiden/Dwingeloo Survey." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 169 (1996): 447–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900230106.
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Some of the principal problems which can be confronted with HI observations of our Galaxy are illustrated here by a selection of maps showing the disposition on the sky of HI emitting in particular velocity ranges. The data are from the new Leiden/Dwingeloo survey of the entire sky north of δ ≥ −30°, which has occupied the 25–meter radio telescope of the Netherlands Foundation for Research in Astronomy for a period of five years. The tendency of the general gas/dust correlation to involve some HI structures with quite anomalous velocities is illustrated by comparing some λ21–cm data taken on a finer grid using the Arecibo 1000–foot telescope with IRAS data in the 100–micron band.
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Alshami, Ali M., Awais S. Babri, Tina Souvlis, and Michel W. Coppieters. "Strain in the Tibial and Plantar Nerves with Foot and Ankle Movements and the Influence of Adjacent Joint Positions." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 24, no. 4 (November 2008): 368–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.24.4.368.
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We studied the influence of different positions in neighboring joints on strain in the tibial and plantar nerves during ankle and toe movements. Tibial nerve strain at the ankle was measured during ankle dorsiflexion in ten cadavers; plantar nerve strain was measured during toe extension. Tibial nerve strain increased with ankle dorsiflexion (mean increase: 3.9%) and strain was higher when the nervous system was pretensioned by either knee extension or hip flexion (p ≤ .011). Strain was even higher when the nerve bed was elongated at both the hip and knee (p ≤ .006) before performing dorsiflexion. A similar trend was observed for the plantar nerves with ankle positioning. In conclusion, the change in nerve strain is strongly influenced by positions in neighboring joints. This insight into nerve biomechanics provides a foundation for progressive mobilization exercises for disorders such as tarsal tunnel syndrome.
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Kong, Xiang Dong, Kai Xian Ba, Bin Yu, Chun He Li, Qi Xin Zhu, and Wen Feng Li. "The Mathematical Modeling and Dynamic Trot Gait Simulation on the Single Leg Hydraulic Drive System of the Quadruped Robot." Applied Mechanics and Materials 865 (June 2017): 417–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.865.417.
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In this paper, the single leg hydraulic drive system of the quadruped robot is taken as the research object. Then the nonlinear mathematical model of the hydraulic system is built. According to the real mechanical structure parameters of the single leg, the relationship between position control characteristics of the system and variation of single leg trajectory is investigated. Besides, the tracing accuracy of single leg foot displacement in one trot gait condition is analyzed through combination of kinematics solution and simulation analysis. In conclusion, the research indicates that the nonlinear mathematical model can be used to analyze the position control performance of the single leg hydraulic drive system. This research provides a basic foundation for further research of control method.
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Bakhsh, Ahmed. "Long-term outcome of lumbar disc surgery: an experience from Pakistan." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 12, no. 6 (June 2010): 666–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2009.10.spine09142.
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Object The author conducted a study to determine the long-term outcome of lumbar disc surgery on relief of sciatic leg pain. Methods This was a retrospective observational study conducted at Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The author reviewed medical records of 68 patients who underwent lumbar disc surgery for sciatic pain during the period 1995–2004. All patients were physically examined and interviewed. Results Lumbar disc surgery yielded complete pain relief in 79.41% of the cases. In 14.7% of the cases surgery failed to give any pain relief, and in 5.88% it yielded partial pain relief. At up to 10 years postoperatively, 27.77% of patients remained absolutely pain free. Pain recurred in 12.82% of cases after 1 year, in 35.89% during the first 5 years, and in 51.28% after 10 years. Pain recurred in the same leg in 63.88%, in the contralateral leg in 19.44%, and in both legs in 16.66%. Neurological deficits did not improve in any case except in 1 case of foot drop. New neurological deficits developed postoperatively in 8.82% of cases in the form of foot drop and calf muscle weakness. Conclusions Surgery provided immediate pain relief in 79.41% of cases, but the long-term outcome of lumbar disc surgery was not satisfactory.
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Wang, Hui, Yan Ma, Chang Qing Ren, and Ning Li. "Structure Design and Kinematic Analysis on the Walking Mechanism of Forestry Walking Robot." Applied Mechanics and Materials 26-28 (June 2010): 880–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.26-28.880.
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It makes a brief description of the walking robot used in the forestry. The paper makes a deep analysis and founds a scheme on the walking mechanism of forestry walking robot, illustrates the relationship among the mechanism structure, component size, tracks and kinematic parameters of the foot. It makes an experimental prototype design which through the analysis before, embeds the scheme into the design parameters, and conducts an actual verification about the results of theoretical derivation. The results proved the feasibility of the design, and reflected the impact factors of the motion. It will lay the theoretical foundation for the walking mechanism’s design and research of the forestry walking robot, and will be in favor of the development and utilization of the forestry walking robot in the new period.
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Wang, Hui, Yan Ma, Chang Qing Ren, and Ning Li. "Structure Analysis and Performance Simulation on the Walking Mechanism of the Transportation Machine Providing Disaster Relief." Advanced Materials Research 183-185 (January 2011): 2237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.183-185.2237.
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It makes a brief description of the transportation machine providing disaster relief. The paper makes a deep analysis and founds a scheme on the walking mechanism of the transportation machine sending relief to a disaster area, illustrates the relationship among the mechanism structure, component size, tracks and kinematic parameters of the foot. It makes an experimental prototype design which through the analysis before, embeds the scheme into the design parameters, and conducts an actual verification about the results of theoretical derivation. The results proved the feasibility of the design, and reflected the impact factors. It will lay the theoretical foundation for the walking mechanism’s design and research of the transportation machine providing disaster relief, and will be in favor of the development and utilization of the transportation machine providing disaster relief in the new period.
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Sutmoller, Nico, Milton Gomez, and John Kevern. "Soft Soil Remediation with Permeable Low-Density Cellular Concrete (PLDCC)." MATEC Web of Conferences 271 (2019): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927102002.
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This paper addresses the feasibility of using permeable low-density cellular concrete (PLDCC) in soft soil remediation applications. In discussing this feasibility, the paper will review and evaluate data from recent studies conducted at the University of Missouri Kansas City related to the physical properties of PLDCC, including permeability, infiltration, and void structure. This paper will cover the most typical applications for the utilization of PLDCC and take a brief look at the constructability and cost considerations. Three specific case studies are examined, including a wall abutment project in Bellingham, WA, a structural foundation project in New Orleans, LA, and a sinkhole remediation project in Chester County, PA. All three of these case studies utilized 25 to 35 pcf (pounds per cubic foot) (400 kg/m3 to 560 kg/m3) PLDCC for soft soil remediation.
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Li, Ke, Tong Li, and Dong Li Wang. "The Research on the Stability of the Foundation and Grouting Treatment Effect under the Process of Surface Structures in Old Mined-Out Areas." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 3682–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.3682.
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Firstly, it simulates different depth at nanmaquan and civil mines respectively with the software of MIDAS to carry out in phases; secondly, it discusses the rule of vertical settlement surrounding rock and cover rock in the mined-out areas; lastly, it analyzes furtherly the rules of changes with the method of adding different load in order to research the stability of the foundation under load in the old mined-out areas. The filling grouting of falling belt and cracks belt have been explored and analyzed on the basis of a series of different methods such as total filling grouting, part decreasing stride, separating rock and board, and independent rooting, and so on. Afterwards, it applies XBHV-10-foot steel settlement instruments to measure on the scene and analyze the effect. Minded-out areas reached the desired treatment effect.
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Alexander, Bradley, James Hicks, Abhinav Agarwal, Aaradhana J. Jha, Spaulding F. Solar, Benjamin B. Cage, and Ashish Shah. "Trends of Foot and Ankle Publishing in JBJS[A] over a 15 Year Period From 2004-2018." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 5, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 2473011420S0010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011420s00101.
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Category: Other Introduction/Purpose: As the field of foot and ankle surgery grows and new innovations continue to be made it is important that the quality of research improves. This will help to lay a strong foundation for current and future surgeons in the field. Leading journals need to set the tone for all orthopedic journals by publishing quality literature. This current study will look at all foot and ankle articles published by JBJS[A] over a 15-year period and analyze authorship, article type, geographic origin of articles, and level of evidence trends. This study will give a representative view of where foot and ankle research is currently and where it can go as we enter the new decade. Methods: A foot and ankle research fellow reviewed all of the articles published in JBJS[A] from January 2004 to December of 2018. Articles that related to foot and ankle topics were then selected to analyzed. Editorials, letters to the editor, announcements, technical notes, retraction notes, events, errata, retracted manuscripts, historical papers and pediatric foot and ankle articles were excluded. After exclusions were applied 321 and information pertaining to each article was analyzed. Additionally, a Google Scholar search was conducted for each article to determine the number of times an article had been cited. For calculations relating to median number of citations for each article we excluded articles that were published less than three years ago (2017 and 2018). For level of evidence a kappa value (0.82) was calculated to measure interobserver reliability between two reviewers. Results: We found the following results to be significant. Clinical therapeutic studies were the predominant study design over 15 years. The amount of literature over ankle arthroplasty has increased more than any other article topic. The amount of level IV and V evidence has decreased and the amount of level II and III evidence has increased. The median number of authors has been increasing. This includes female authorship. There has been in an increase in MD, PhDs as last authors. There is more foot and ankle research being produced by Asian countries. A majority of high level of evidence articles (level I and II) comes from North America and Europe. Level of evidence doesn’t correlate with the amount of times an article is cited. Conclusion: As the field of foot and ankle surgery continues to grow it is important that there is a high quality of research being conducted and published to guide surgical and clinical decisions. Our study shows that research is being produced more globally and the number of individuals involved in the research process is increasing and diversifying. This has led to higher quality research being produced (more level II and III) and a decrease in lower quality research (IV and V). Overall, the standard of research has increased in JBJS[A] which benefits the foot and ankle surgery community. [Table: see text]
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Eko Walujodjati and Andreansyah Wiguna. "Analisis StrukturRumah Sakit Umum Intan Husada – Garut Bagian Rawat Inap." Jurnal Konstruksi 15, no. 1 (October 26, 2017): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.33364/konstruksi/v.15-1.585.
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The construction of a building must of course be planned in accordance with the needs,which the building must have the criteria of safe, comfortable, economical, beautiful and inaccordance with the designation. Intan Husada Hospital Building Kab. Garut inpatient section wasbuilt to meet the needs of the community, especially District Tarogong Kidul generally Garut regencyin the inpatient care service. Building RSU Intan Husada Garut built 4 floors with most use ofreinforced concrete structures. Floor plates are set 25 Mpa (f'c) and 400 Mpa (fy) concrete. Forstructural parts in general the columns and beams are fixed with 25 Mpa concrete and 400 Mpa (fy)steel grade. For the foundation itself set by using foot plate foundation. Planning of reinforcedconcrete structure refers to Indonesian National Standard (SNI) SNI 03-2847-2002 on Procedure ofPlanning of Concrete Structure for Building Building. Structural Analysis with recognized softwaretools. The result of structure analysis in the form of moment, normal and shear is used to plot elementsof structure. From structural analysis that is done obtained comparison of calculation result ofstructural analysis with attached. Column analysis results with longitudinal reinforcement 19D22D10-180 while the longitudinal tu-straw 20D25 stirring D10-100. Beams of analysis results withlongitudinal reinforcement 2D13 and 9 D22 stirring D10-200 while the longitudinal reinforcingbattles 19D22 stirring D10-100. Sloof beam analysis with longitudinal reinforcement 4D22 D8-250while mounted longitudinal 6D22 stirring D10-100.
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Kawakami, Kazuyoshi, Mitsukuni Suenaga, Takashi Yokokawa, Kazuo Sugita, Yutaro Mae, Eri Nakamoto, Hiroshi Imada, Nobuyuki Mizunuma, Toshiharu Yamaguchi, and Toshihiro Hama. "Effect of moisturizers on prevention of hand-foot syndrome associated with capecitabine plus oxaliplatin." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2012): 681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.4_suppl.681.
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681 Background: Capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (XELOX) has been established as first-line treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Hand-foot syndrome (HFS) is the most common toxicity associated with capecitabine, and the mechanism of which remains to be clarified. Appropriate management of HFS for continuing treatment is needed to ensure improved survival. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of our candidate moisturizers for HFS, considering its compliance in each patient at a single institute. Methods: Patients who received XELOX for metastatic colorectal cancer at the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Cancer Institute Hospital, between Apr 1 2010 and Apr 30 2011 were included in this study. Pharmacists conducted the skin care for HFS using moisturizers: heparinoid ointment, a mixture of vitamin A oil and white petrolatums (1:1). All HFS events were graded according to NCI–CTC, version 4.0. The relationship between accumulated dose of capecitabine and incidence of HFS events stratified by frequency of daily moisturizers application was analyzed by using the Kaplan-Meier method. P value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Moisturizers were applied two or more times a day in 45 patients (Good compliance group) and once a daily in 28 patients (Poor compliance group). In terms of incidence of grade ≥1 HFS, no significant differences were observed between good compliance group and poor compliance group (p = 0.764). Incidence of grade ≥2 HFS was observed slightly higher in the poor compliance group than in the good compliance group, though the differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.286). Conclusions: The onset of capecitabine-associated HFS is independent of frequency of using moisturizers. However, more frequent application of moisturizers appeared to have a possibility to prevent severe HFS. Assessment for compliance with the moisturizers is important as well as patient-compliance-instruction by pharmacist.
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Thanh, Tran Cong. "EFFECTS OF CLIMATE VARIATIONS ON HAND-FOOT-MOUTH DISEASE IN HO CHI MINH CITY." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 54, no. 2A (March 19, 2018): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/54/2a/11920.
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Abnormal emergence of epidemics has been believed to be one of the most significant effects of climate change on human health, especially in the tropical zone. Hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) which possibly related to climatic changes has emerged in Vietnam since 2003. Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) is particularly a Southern city with the highest cases and mortality numbers of HFMD in the whole country. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective observational study to analyse the association between climate variations and HFMD in HCMC. HFMD and meteorological data from 2010 to 2014 were collected from The Preventive Medicine Centre of HCMC and Sub-Institute of Hydrometeorology and Environment of South Vietnam. The research used time-series analysis and Poisson regression model to analyse the effects of climate fluctuations on HFMD, adjusting for seasonal and trend effects, lag effects and degrees of freedom. The research findings showed that climate variables (average temperature, average humidity, minimum humidity, precipitation, and the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) daily data) had a significant influence on HFMD. Noticeably, the effects of climate variations on HFMD were considerable in children aged 1-3 and 3-5 years. The maximum lag effects were 3 weeks for temperature and humidity, 4 weeks for precipitation, and 6 weeks for SOI. Specifically, the relative risk of HFMD increased by 7.2 % for every 1°C increase in temperature, 6.75 % for every 1 % increase in humidity, 6.32 % for every 5 mm increase in precipitation, 4.42 % for every 5 units increase in SOI. The study provided a quantitative evidence that the increase of HFMD was significantly affected by the increase of climate variations. Therefore, the study provided the foundation for developing theory that is used in models and, ultimately, for making forecasts about future impacts of HFMD associated with climatic changes.
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Wan, Jia, Qing Fang Niu, Guan Feng Qiao, and Tie Ying Li. "Finite Element Analysis of Chinese Traditional Hall-Style Timber Structure." Advanced Materials Research 1008-1009 (August 2014): 1201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1008-1009.1201.
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This paper uses general finite element software Abaqus to simulate three Chinese traditional hall-style structures recorded in the book <<Yingzao Fashi>>. With Abaqus having an advantage in dealing with contact problems, three hall-style timber structure finite element analysis models have been established within the 3D solid element which is used to model beams, columns, brackets and other structural members in the modeling. Contact pairs also have been used to simulate the interaction between the structure members like beam-column contact pair, column-foot foundation contact pair and dougong-bracket beam contact pair and so on. In the modeling process, some simplifying assumptions have been used for many complex structural members and interactions between them being used in Chinese hall-style structure. The model was finally tested by gravity load and vertical load.
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Nonomiya, Yuma, Takashi Yokokawa, Kazuyoshi Kawakami, Kazuo Kobayashi, Takeshi Aoyama, Tomomi Takiguchi, Takahito Sugisaki, et al. "Regorafenib-Induced Hand‐Foot Skin Reaction Is More Severe on the Feet Than on the Hands." Oncology Research Featuring Preclinical and Clinical Cancer Therapeutics 27, no. 5 (May 7, 2019): 551–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/096504018x15291727589740.
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Regorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Regorafenib-induced hand‐foot skin reaction (HFSR) is a common side effect during treatment. The reported frequency of HFSR was 80% (grade 3: 28%) in the Japanese subpopulation in the CORRECT trial; however, more detailed data regarding HFSR in terms of onset and sites of susceptibility are unclear. Additionally, the risk factors for regorafenib-induced severe HFSR are unknown. The aim of this study was to compare HFSR between the hands and feet and identify preexisting risk factors for severe HFSR in Japanese patients receiving regorafenib. We retrospectively examined the onset and severity of HFSR on the hands and feet of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with regorafenib from May 2013 to October 2015 in the Cancer Institute Hospital of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research. In addition, we examined the possible association between preexisting clinical factors and severe HFSR. Our results showed that no significant difference in the incidence of HFSR of any grade was observed between the hands (71%) and feet (74%) (p = 0.63). The incidence of grade 3 HFSR was more frequent on the feet (33%) than on the hands (8%) (p < 0.01). The onset of grade 3 HFSR was earlier on the feet than on the hands (p < 0.001). No preexisting risk factor was identified. Our findings indicate that severe HFSR was more prevalent on the feet than on the hands, suggesting the need for appropriate screening for early detection and treatment of regorafenib-induced HSFR.
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Adeyemo, Adeshina, and Umur Aydogan. "The Rise of Predatory Journals in Foot and Ankle Surgery: Propitious or Detrimental?" Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 5, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 2473011420S0009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011420s00091.
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Category Other Introduction/Purpose: In the world of foot and ankle surgery, much like other surgical fields, research has always been a strong foundation for advancing the field and making strides into improving our knowledge base, perfecting surgical techniques and discovering ways of improving patient outcomes. In recent years, there has been the advent of predatory journals in orthopaedic surgery, though many clinicians may not be familiar with what predatory journals are. The aim of our study is to objectively analyze F&A surgery predatory journals and compare them to higher impact journals in F&A surgery and dispute whether or not predatory journals are beneficial or detrimental to the field of F&A. Methods: Our inclusion criteria involved all existing foot and ankle journals that were considered to be predatory according to Beall’s criteria. Our authors viewed Beall’s online archive, in addition to a recent publication by Yang et al (4), in which we were able to gather a list of several predatory journals related to the field of foot and ankle surgery. After discussion with the authors, it was decided to select three of the higher impact well-known foot and ankle journals to use as a comparison to the predatory journals. The journals that were selected were the Foot and Ankle International journal (AOFAS), Foot and ankle specialist, and the European Foot and ankle specialist (EFAS). Many journal demographics factors (ISSN, peer review process, PubMed indexig, etc) were compared between both types of journals. Results: Of 7 predatory journals, only 2 (28.6%) responded to an online message in regard to the demographics of their journal. Of the journals that responded, none of the journals directly answered all of the questions that were asked. Only 4 of the 7 journals (57%) disclosed their impact factor, and they ranged from 1.508 to 2.52. 2 journals (28.6%) had an editorial board, while one (14%) did not have an editorial board. Information regarding the editorial board was unable to be gathered from 4 journals, as they did not respond to online messages. 4 journals disclosed an article processing fee ranging from $360-$2145. Conclusion: With financial incentives and job promotions being based on research publications, more and more predatory journals are being created to allow authors in the field to publish. However, this rise in predatory journals is detrimental. With a lack of a thorough peer review for some journals, sky-high article processing fees, and hidden peer review processes, these journals are a threat to the next generation of researchers who are not savvy in literature review. We must make a push to have more stringent criteria to critique and index articles.
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Hashimoto, Teruo, Kenichi Ueno, Akitoshi Ogawa, Takeshi Asamizuya, Chisato Suzuki, Kang Cheng, Michio Tanaka, et al. "Hand before foot? Cortical somatotopy suggests manual dexterity is primitive and evolved independently of bipedalism." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 368, no. 1630 (November 19, 2013): 20120417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0417.
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People have long speculated whether the evolution of bipedalism in early hominins triggered tool use (by freeing their hands) or whether the necessity of making and using tools encouraged the shift to upright gait. Either way, it is commonly thought that one led to the other. In this study, we sought to shed new light on the origins of manual dexterity and bipedalism by mapping the neural representations in the brain of the fingers and toes of living people and monkeys. Contrary to the ‘hand-in-glove’ notion outlined above, our results suggest that adaptations underlying tool use evolved independently of those required for human bipedality. In both humans and monkeys, we found that each finger was represented separately in the primary sensorimotor cortex just as they are physically separated in the hand. This reflects the ability to use each digit independently, as required for the complex manipulation involved in tool use. The neural mapping of the subjects’ toes differed, however. In the monkeys, the somatotopic representation of the toes was fused, showing that the digits function predominantly as a unit in general grasping. Humans, by contrast, had an independent neurological representation of the big toe (hallux), suggesting association with bipedal locomotion. These observations suggest that the brain circuits for the hand had advanced beyond simple grasping, whereas our primate ancestors were still general arboreal quadrupeds. This early adaptation laid the foundation for the evolution of manual dexterity, which was preserved and enhanced in hominins. In hominins, a separate adaptation, involving the neural separation of the big toe, apparently occurred with bipedality. This accords with the known fossil evidence, including the recently reported hominin fossils which have been dated to 4.4 million years ago.
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Campitiello, Ferdinando, Manfredi Mancone, Marcella Cammarota, Antonella D’Agostino, Giulia Ricci, Antonietta Stellavato, Angela Della Corte, et al. "Acellular Dermal Matrix Used in Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Clinical Outcomes Supported by Biochemical and Histological Analyses." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 13 (June 30, 2021): 7085. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22137085.
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Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a diabetes complication which greatly impacts the patient’s quality of life, often leading to amputation of the affected limb unless there is a timely and adequate management of the patient. DFUs have a high economic impact for the national health system. Data have indeed shown that DFUs are a major cause of hospitalization for patients with diabetes. Based on that, DFUs represent a very important challenge for the national health system. Especially in developed countries diabetic patients are increasing at a very high rate and as expected, also the incidence of DFUs is increasing due to longevity of diabetic patients in the western population. Herein, the surgical approach focused on the targeted use of the acellular dermal matrix has been integrated with biochemical and morphological/histological analyses to obtain evidence-based information on the mechanisms underlying tissue regeneration. In this research report, the clinical results indicated decreased postoperative wound infection levels and a short healing time, with a sound regeneration of tissues. Here we demonstrate that the key biomarkers of wound healing process are activated at gene expression level and also synthesis of collagen I, collagen III and elastin is prompted and modulated within the 28-day period of observation. These analyses were run on five patients treated with Integra® sheet and five treated with the injectable matrix Integra® Flowable, for cavitary lesions. In fact, clinical evaluation of improved healing was, for the first time, supported by biochemical and histological analyses. For these reasons, the present work opens a new scenario in DFUs treatment and follow-up, laying the foundation for a tailored protocol towards complete healing in severe pathological conditions.