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Pagel, Paul S., and Judith A. Hudetz. "Scholarly Productivity and National Institutes of Health Funding of Foundation for Anesthesia Education and Research Grant Recipients." Anesthesiology 123, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 683–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000000737.
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Abstract Background: The Foundation for Anesthesia Education and Research (FAER) grant program provides fellows and junior faculty members with grant support to stimulate their careers. The authors conducted a bibliometric analysis of recipients of FAER grants since 1987. Methods: Recipients were identified in the FAER alumni database. Each recipient’s affiliation was identified using an Internet search (keyword “anesthesiology”). The duration of activity, publications, publication rate, citations, citation rate, h-index, and National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding for each recipient were obtained using the Scopus® (Elsevier, USA) and NIH Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools® (National Institutes of Health, USA) databases. Results: Three hundred ninety-seven individuals who received 430 FAER grants were analyzed, 79.1% of whom currently hold full-time academic appointments. Recipients published 19,647 papers with 548,563 citations and received 391 NIH grants totaling $448.44 million. Publications, citations, h-index, the number of NIH grants, and amount of support were dependent on academic rank and years of activity (P < 0.0001). Recipients who acquired NIH grants (40.3%) had greater scholarly output than those who did not. Recipients with more publications were also more likely to secure NIH grants. Women had fewer publications and lower h-index than men, but there were no gender-based differences in NIH funding. Scholarly output was similar in recipients with MD and PhD degrees versus those with MD degrees alone, but recipients with MD and PhD degrees were more likely to receive NIH funding than those with MDs alone. Conclusion: Most FAER alumni remain in academic anesthesiology and have established a consistent record of scholarly output that appears to exceed reported productivity for average faculty members identified in previous studies.
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Wilson, Taylor A., Rebekah G. Langston, Ka Hin Wong, and Analiz Rodriguez. "Characteristics and career outcomes of Neurosurgery Research and Education Foundation research fellowship recipients." Journal of Neurosurgery 132, no. 3 (March 2020): 802–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2018.10.jns18859.
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OBJECTIVEThe American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) Neurosurgery Research and Education Foundation (NREF) provides ongoing competitive research fellowships for residents and young investigators. The authors sought to determine the characteristics and career tracks of award recipients.METHODSThe authors analyzed characteristics and academic productivity parameters of NREF resident and young investigator awardees in the United States and Canada from 1983 to 2017. Data were extracted from the NREF database and online resources (Web of Science, NIH reporter).RESULTSIn total, 224 research grants were awarded to 31 women (14%) and 193 men (86%) from 1983 to 2017. Neuro-oncology (36%) was the most common research category. Sixty percent of awardees were in training and most resident award winners were in postgraduate year 5 (37%). Forty-nine percent of all awardees had an additional postgraduate degree (PhD 39%, Master’s 10%) with a significantly higher number of PhD recipients being from Canada in comparison to any US region (p = 0.024). The Northeastern and Southeastern United States were the regions with the highest and lowest numbers of award recipients, respectively. More than one-third (40%) of awardees came from institutions that have a National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Research Education Grant (NINDS R25) for neurosurgical training. Awardees from NINDS R25–funded programs were significantly more likely to go on to receive funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (40.4% vs 26.1%; p = 0.024). The majority of recipients (72%) who were no longer in training pursued fellowships, with a significant likelihood that fellowship subspecialty correlated with NREF research category (p < 0.001). Seventy-nine percent of winners entered academic neurosurgery practice, with 18% obtaining the position of chair. The median h-index among NREF winners was 11. NIH funding was obtained by 71 awardees (32%) with 36 (18%) being a principal investigator on an R01 grant from the NIH Research Project Grant Program.CONCLUSIONSThe majority of AANS/NREF research award recipients enter academics as fellowship-trained neurosurgeons, with approximately one-third obtaining NIH funding. Analysis of this unique cohort allows for identification of characteristics of academic success.
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Pezzini, Barbara. "An open resource for scholars and a primary source for research: the Burlington Magazine online index." Art Libraries Journal 36, no. 3 (2011): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200017065.
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The Burlington Magazine, with its juxtaposition of art trade and academia, historicism and aestheticism, has occupied a unique role in the international art historical panorama since it was first published in 1903. From its very beginnings the magazine had produced a detailed printed index, which reflected the diversity of its contents. In 2005 the magazine received a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon foundation to produce a cumulative online index from 1903 to the present. The Burlington Index is now online, nearly complete and free for all to use. Why did the Burlington need an index when it was already included in JSTOR? How is the Burlington Index structured and what is it based on? What are its aims and limitations? The Burlington Index wants to be a vessel to navigate the ocean of free-text available on JSTOR; a tool for research to open up the contents of the Burlington to a new generation of readers and, ultimately, a magnifying glass to reveal the magazine as a primary source for research on the history of art history, the art market and the art press.
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Bogatyrov, O., О. Baula, О. Liutak, and N. Galaziuk. "CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS OF FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR INCREASING THE INNOVATIVE COMPONENT OF UKRAINE’S INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS." Financial and credit activity: problems of theory and practice 1, no. 36 (February 17, 2021): 341–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v1i36.227988.
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The article describes the dynamics of Ukraine’s position in the Global Innovation Index for 2015—2019. It is revealed that the domestic economy has a high educational and scientific potential, is able to produce various innovations in the form of ideas, scientific developments, patents; the bottlenecks of Ukraine in the state of innovative development are the state of cluster development, the share of foreign direct investment in GDP, the online service of the government, the use of information and communication technologies, the availability of joint agreements on strategic alliances, the state of domestic lending to the private sector, the export of goods of the creative economy, the volume of microfinance loans, the presence of firms offering formal training, the state of cooperation between universities and production, agreements with venture capital. It is proved that the problem of improving the financial mechanism for ensuring innovation processes in the economic system of Ukraine requires a priority solution. Developments on increasing the innovative component of increasing Ukraine’s international competitiveness are impossible without adequate financial support. The article examines the foreign experience of state support for innovation activities. It is revealed that in developed countries — the world’s leading innovation leaders, public policy provides for direct funding of scientific research and through tax measures encourages private sector R&D spending. The concept of financial support for increasing the innovative component of Ukraine’s international competitiveness, which should be implemented at the strategic, tactical and operational levels, is proposed. To ensure a sustainable level of international competitiveness of the country through increasing the innovation component, it is important to implement a system of measures to monitor threats even at the stage of their origin and prevent the spread of their negative impact. Therefore, the methods and tools for implementing the proposed concept contain components of threat prevention: economic (tax incentives; transfers ;direct budget investments; grants; concessional lending; cooperation with foreign institutions, etc.), organizational (development of innovative infrastructure; consulting assistance; personnel support; creation of clusters using the potential of education, business, government, public; creation of regional clusters with innovation and industry production, etc.), institutional (techno parks, business incubators, analytical centres, etc.), regulatory (strategies, concepts, plans, programs) and social levers (conducting business trainings, implementing joint social projects, etc.).
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Hu, Ping, and Dong Xiao Gu. "Development and Implementation of WEB-Based Online Hotel Reservation System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 347-350 (August 2013): 2947–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.347-350.2947.
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The Internet accelerates the communication and understandings between people, which make information unprecedented important. Furthermore, it changes the way that people book rooms, which makes rooms-booking diversified, convenient, and individualized. Out of the demand of modern hotels and based on the B/S model, this paper analyzes and designs the hotel booking operation, and achieves the functions of register, login-in, reservation, customer management, and reservation management, and etc., in order to improve the efficiency of hotel reservation. 1 Grants: This study is financially support by the following foundations: Young Talents in Colleges of Anhui Province under Grant No. 2011SQRW107, National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.70871032, and Humanity and Social Science Foundation of Ministry of Education of China under Grant No. 09YJA630029. About the authors: Hu Ping (1979-), female, born in Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, master, lecturer, her current areas of research interest includes E-Government, information system and managerial innovation. Contact: 13365609125 (0551-62158118), huping@hfuu.edu.cn, Department of Management at Hefei University, 373 Fairview Avenue, Hefei 230022, P.R. CHINBA
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Zdravkov, Borislav, Jiří Čermák, Martin Šefara, and Josef Janků. "Pore classification in the characterization of porous materials: A perspective." Open Chemistry 5, no. 4 (December 1, 2007): 1158. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-007-0039-3.
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AbstractThe original version of the article was published in Cent. Eur. J. Chem., Vol. 5(2), (2007), pp. 385–395. It can be also found online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-007-0017-9.Unfortunately, the original version of this article contains mistakes in the Acknowledgements section. There should be: This work was supported by Grants 240/08/0016 of Institute of Chemical Technology, 257 Prague, 104/06/1079 of Czech Science Foundation and MSM6046137308 of Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic.
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Gzoyan, E. G., A. R. Mirzoyan, S. A. Aleksanyan, L. A. Oganesyan, S. R. Unanyan, M. M. Megrabyan, V. A. Glukhov, and Sh A. Sargsyan. "The role of state grants in the Armenian-Russian scientific ties development: bibliometric analysis." Bibliosphere, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.20913/1815-3186-2017-3-69-77.
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The article aims at presenting and assessing the role of state-financed grants in the Armenian-Russian scientific ties development. Armenian-Russian relations have a long history of collaboration and capture nearly all fields starting from cultural-humanitarian to military-political ones. Scientific cooperation is amongst the most rapidly developing aspects of bilateral relations. Since 2012 scientific cooperation is being implemented also within the framework of state-sponsored bilateral grant projects organized jointly by the State Committee of Sciences of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Armenia and the Russian Humanitarian Scientific Foundation and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research under the Government of the Russian Federation. The paper considers four competitions carried out within the framework of the above grant programs. The study is based on the Armenian, Russian and international databases to evaluate bibliometric indicators - Web of Science (WoS), Russian Index of Scientific Citation (RSCI) and Armenian Index of Scientific Citation (ASCI). The study period is 1991-2015. Due to differences in access to the above-mentioned databases, the time frame of the information used differs: publications indexed in WoS were considered for 2006-2015, RSCI - 1991-2015 and ASCI - 2007-2012. Such bibliometric indicators as author's publications number, author's citations total number, the Hirsch index, journals impact factor, self-citations number, an average number of citations per a publication are used. The above bibliometric indicators, as well as ages and scientific degrees of winners and other participants, have been compared with each other. The article also analyzes the scientific journals where the results of the projects were published. In general, the paper emphasizes the high effectiveness of state grant programs in the Armenian-Russian scientific cooperation development.
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Davis, Katrina A. S., Jonathan R. I. Coleman, Mark Adams, Naomi Allen, Gerome Breen, Breda Cullen, Chris Dickens, et al. "RETRACTED – Mental health in UK Biobank: development, implementation and results from an online questionnaire completed by 157 366 participants." BJPsych Open 4, no. 3 (April 3, 2018): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2018.12.
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Background UK Biobank is a well-characterised cohort of over 500 000 participants that offers unique opportunities to investigate multiple diseases and risk factors. Aims An online mental health questionnaire completed by UK Biobank participants was expected to expand the potential for research into mental disorders. Method An expert working group designed the questionnaire, using established measures where possible, and consulting with a patient group regarding acceptability. Case definitions were defined using operational criteria for lifetime depression, mania, anxiety disorder, psychotic-like experiences and self-harm, as well as current post-traumatic stress and alcohol use disorders. Results 157 366 completed online questionnaires were available by August 2017. Comparison of self-reported diagnosed mental disorder with a contemporary study shows a similar prevalence, despite respondents being of higher average socioeconomic status than the general population across a range of indicators. Thirty-five per cent (55 750) of participants had at least one defined syndrome, of which lifetime depression was the most common at 24% (37 434). There was extensive comorbidity among the syndromes. Mental disorders were associated with high neuroticism score, adverse life events and long-term illness; addiction and bipolar affective disorder in particular were associated with measures of deprivation. Conclusions The questionnaire represents a very large mental health survey in itself, and the results presented here show high face validity, although caution is needed owing to selection bias. Built into UK Biobank, these data intersect with other health data to offer unparalleled potential for crosscutting biomedical research involving mental health. Declaration of interest G.B. received grants from the National Institute for Health Research during the study; and support from Illumina Ltd. and the European Commission outside the submitted work. B.C. received grants from the Scottish Executive Chief Scientist Office and from The Dr Mortimer and Theresa Sackler Foundation during the study. C.S. received grants from the Medical Research Council and Wellcome Trust during the study, and is the Chief Scientist for UK Biobank. M.H. received grants from the Innovative Medicines Initiative via the RADAR-CNS programme and personal fees as an expert witness outside the submitted work.
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Zemskov, Andrey. "«Science Online XX» Anniversary Conference. Personal impressions." Scientific and Technical Libraries, no. 12 (December 1, 2016): 127–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/1027-3689-2016-12-127-139.
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The author reviews in brief several presentations made at «Science Online XX» conference. The advanced possibilities of Russian Science Citation Index are revealed. The author focuses on the papers on research and publication ethics as a foundation of science community self-regulation, in particular, on the problems of plagiarism, unfair thesis defense, and using scientometric methods to prevent offences. The products of semantic retrieval systems design are reviewed.
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Thompson, J., N. Parikh, K. Gavigan, S. Venkatachalam, and W. B. Nowell. "OP0280-PARE A MINDFULNESS PROGRAM DOSING STUDY TO EVALUATE IMPROVEMENT IN EMOTIONAL DISTRESS AMONG PEOPLE WITH RHEUMATIC DISEASE." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 169.1–170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2728.
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Background:Mindfulness-based interventions for chronic pain and emotional distress have increased in popularity as complementary therapies among people living with rheumatic and musculoskeletal disease (RMD).1,2 Despite growing evidence that mindfulness meditation reduces pain and anxiety associated with RMD, more research is needed to specify the optimal duration of mindfulness training necessary to be effective for short- and long-term benefit.Objectives:To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of full-length versus brief mindfulness training programs for improving anxiety among people living with RMD.Methods:Adult US participants (pts) within the ArthritisPower registry were invited to participate in the Healthy Mind Healthy You study comparing the effectiveness of two online mindfulness training programs of different lengths accessed via the MoodNetwork platform. The full-length mindfulness based cognitive therapy program lasted 8 weeks, while the brief evidence-based mindfulness program lasted 3 weeks. Pts were randomized to one of the two programs and completed assessments every two weeks during the program and then every four weeks during the 12-week follow-up period. Assessments included World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and two measures of emotional distress, PROMIS Short Forms for Anxiety and Depression. Analyses compared demographic characteristics and assessment scores by program length.Results:324 pts completed assessments at baseline and 70 pts completed them at week 8, an attrition rate of 78% in each of the program arms. The majority of pts were female, White, with 67% between the ages of 45-64 years. No statistically significant differences were observed at baseline between participants randomized to each of the two programs, and in their assessment scores at week 8 (Table 1); PROMIS Anxiety and Depression scores improved from baseline to week 8 for pts in both programs (Figure 1). Overall, mean (SD) PROMIS Depression scores improved from 58.4 (7.7) at baseline to 55.4 (7.2) at week 8 (p=0.018), a meaningfully important difference, among the 70 pts reporting scores at both time points.Table 1.Assessment Scores at Baseline and Week 8, Mean (SD)BaselineWeek 8All (n=324)8-week course (n=163)3-week course (n=161)p-valueAll (n=70)8-week course (n=35)3-week course (n=35)p-valueWHO-5 b10.6 (4.9)10.4 (4.8)10.9 (5.0)0.37812.0 (5.1)12.5 (5.5)11.6 (4.7)0.488FFMQ c42.7 (6.1)42.7 (6.1)42.7 (6.1)0.93239.2 (5.7)38.9 (6.1)39.4 (5.3)0.741PSS d18.7 (7.5)19.2 (6.8)18.3 (8.2)0.30416.6 (7.3)15.7 (7.8)17.6 (6.8)0.291PROMIS Depression e56.5 (8.3)57.3 (8.0)55.7 (8.6)0.09755.1 (8.5)54.8 (9.3)55.5 (7.8)0.735PROMIS Anxiety f58.7 (8.2)59.0 (8.2)58.4 (8.1)0.47055.4 (7.2)54.6 (7.4)56.1 (7.1)0.404a denotes use of Fisher’s Exact Test b Range 0 (worse) to 25 (better), c Range 3 (worse) to 15 (better), d Range 0 (better) to 40 (worse), e Range 24.7 (better) to 63.5 (worse), f Range 25.7 (better) to 62.0 (worse)Conclusion:People living with RMD who are part of a real-world US registry are willing to participate in an online mindfulness training program study, but may require additional support to remain engaged and adherent throughout the program and to participate to study conclusion. Participation in a mindfulness training program, whether full-length or brief, appears to improve symptoms of emotional distress among people with RMD.References:[1]Zhou, B. et al. Comp. Ther. in Clin. Prac. 2020; 39:1-7[2]Reiner, K. et al. Pain Medicine. 2013; 14(2): 230-242Acknowledgements:The authors would like to thank ArthritisPower members for participating in the study, and the Healthy Mind Healthy You study team at Massachusetts General Hospital (see MoodNetwork.org) for leading it. The study was funded by the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (XPPRN-1512-33786).Disclosure of Interests:Julia Thompson: None declared, Nupur Parikh: None declared, Kelly Gavigan: None declared, Shilpa Venkatachalam: None declared, W. Benjamin Nowell Grant/research support from: Full-time employee of Global Healthy Living Foundation, an independent nonprofit organization, which has received funding to conduct research; Principal Investigator for studies with grant support from AbbVie, Amgen and Eli Lilly.
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Wong, Kevin, and Jessica R. Levi. "Readability Trends of Online Information by the American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Foundation." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 156, no. 1 (October 25, 2016): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599816674711.
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Objective Previous studies have shown that patient education materials published by the American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Foundation may be too difficult for the average reader to understand. The purpose of this study was to determine if current educational materials show improvements in readability. Study Design Cross-sectional analysis. Setting The Patient Health Information section of the American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Foundation website. Subjects and Methods All patient education articles were extracted in plain text. Webpage navigation, references, author information, appointment information, acknowledgments, and disclaimers were removed. Follow-up editing was also performed to remove paragraph breaks, colons, semicolons, numbers, percentages, and bullets. Readability grade was calculated with the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, Flesch Reading Ease, Gunning-Fog Index, Coleman-Liau Index, Automated Readability Index, and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook. Intra- and interobserver reliability were assessed. Results A total of 126 articles from 7 topics were analyzed. Readability levels across all 6 tools showed that the difficulty of patient education materials exceeded the abilities of an average American. As compared with previous studies, current educational materials by the American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Foundation have shown a decrease in difficulty. Intra- and interobserver reliability were both excellent, with intraclass coefficients of 0.99 and 0.96, respectively. Conclusion Improvements in readability is an encouraging finding and one that is consistent with recent trends toward improved health literacy. Nevertheless, online patient educational material is still too difficult for the average reader. Revisions may be necessary for current materials to benefit a larger readership.
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Zhao, Yang, and Lin Wang. "Study on Group Differences of Online Shopping Based on Data Mining." Applied Mechanics and Materials 713-715 (January 2015): 2482–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.713-715.2482.
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In the face of complex problems of implementation intentions predict the online shopping behavior, we conducted a preliminary exploration of group differences intention on the online shopping behavior using data mining method. The research results show, different types of temperament, personality, gender and living area in online shopping experience and behavior intention have common characteristics of groups, and different groups have obvious difference in online shopping behavior . Finally, this paper combined with large data and the mobile Internet era characteristic, put forward to large data comprehensive online shopping search behavior index, O2O business model as the foundation, the prospect of research on the construction of implementation intention theory of online shopping behavior.
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Xue, Qingmei, and Yuning Niu. "Governance and transparency of the Chinese charity foundations." Asian Review of Accounting 27, no. 2 (May 7, 2019): 307–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ara-03-2018-0057.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relation between various governance mechanisms and the transparency level by using a sample of the top 200 Chinese charity foundations on net assets. Design/methodology/approach Three types of governance forces are examined, including the board, the management and the capital providers. The Foundation Transparency Index (FTI), published by Chinese Foundation Center, is used as a proxy for the transparency level. Findings The evidences show that for the public foundations that can elicit fund from the public, providing compensation to the foundation managers could encourage them to increase the transparency level. Furthermore, the sophisticated donors also represent a useful governance force. For the non-public foundations that can only seek donors through private contacts, getting more members in their supervisory board and having more government grants are helpful in improving their transparency. The results are robust even after controlling for lagged FTI and other characteristics of foundations. And the transparency level is positively associated with the international connections for both types of foundations. Research limitations/implications This research is based on a limited sample. The results can hardly generalize to the other smaller foundations. However, the results are still meaningful for to the legislators, regulators and managers of Chinese charity foundations. Because the result implies that the overseas donors are effective monitors that could improve the foundation transparency, the newly published law may weaken this governance force. Originality/value This is the first paper that studies the governance of Chinese charity foundations. By using a third-party index to proxy for the transparency, the results complement existing literature.
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Xu, Mei, Dong-Sheng Li, Bin Li, Chao Wang, Yu-Peng Zhu, Wen-Ping Lv, and Bi-Jun Xie. "Comparative Study on Molecular Weight of Konjac Glucomannan by Gel Permeation Chromatography-Laser Light Scattering-Refractive Index and Laser Light-Scattering Methods." Journal of Spectroscopy 2013 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/685698.
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The gel permeation chromatography, combined with laser light scattering and refractive index (GPC-LLS-RI) online method and laser light scattering (LLS) single method, researched the weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of konjac glucomannan (KGM) in this paper. The results show that the determination results of molecular weight of KGM are similar by two method, the molecular weight of KGM is2.476×105 g/mol by online method measured, and it is2.508×105 g/mol by single method measured, compared with only 1.3% difference between the two methods. At the same time, the molecular weight distributions of KGM and conformation index were analyzed by online method, while the second virial coefficient (A2) that characterizes the interaction between KGM molecules and solvent molecules was acquired by single method, which can provide reliable foundation for the molecular chain morphology research of KGM.
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Samuel, David, Shelby Adler, Nicole Vilardo, and Gregory Gressel. "3510 Academic influence in gynecologic oncology is associated with industry funding: an analysis of the Open Payments database." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 3, s1 (March 2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2019.77.
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OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Industry payments to physicians can present a conflict of interest. The Physician Payments Sunshine Act mandates the disclosure of these financial relationships to increase transparency. Recent studies in other surgical specialties have shown that research productivity is associated with greater industry funding. In this study, we characterize the relationship between academic influence and industry funding among academic gynecologic oncologists. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Departmental websites were used to identify academic gynecologist oncologists and their demographic information. The Hirsch index (h-index) relates an author’s number of publications to number of times referenced by other publications, a validated measure of an author’s academic influence. This was obtained from the Scopus database. The Center for Medicaid and Medicare Services Open Payments online database was searched for all industry payments in 2017. The NIH Reporter online database was searched for active grants. Goodness of fit testing showed that all variables followed nonparametric distributions. Medians were compared using Mann-Whitney U tests and Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance with post-hoc Dunn’s test. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Four hundred and sixty-six academic gynecologic oncologists were included in the analysis. In 2017, 89.7% of this group received industry funding totaling $41.4 million. Median industry funding was $453 [IQR $67-19684] and median h-index was 14 [IQR 8-26]. Only 8.1% of gynecologic oncologists were NIH grant recipients and they received significantly higher industry payments ($357 vs. 11,168, P<0.01). Gender and academic rank were not associated with industry funding. Gynecologic oncologists in the highest decile of industry funding received a median payment of $447,651[N=46, IQR $285,770 – 896,310] totaling $36.5 million. The median h-index for this top-earning decile was 23 [N=46, IQR 16.5-30.3]. When stratified by payment amount, median h index increased but only reached statistical significance in the highest cohort receiving >$100,000 (N = 63, P<0.05). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The majority of academic gynecologic oncologists receive industry funding although there are large variations in payments. Those receiving the largest payments are more likely to hold NIH grants and have greater academic influence.
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Kawashiri, S. Y., F. Nonaka, S. Chiba, T. Honda, T. Nakajima, T. Ishikawa, and A. Kawakami. "POS1487-HPR NEXT-GENERATION ONLINE TELEMEDICINE SYSTEM UTILIZING MIXED REALITY FOR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 1028.1–1028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1029.
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Background:Telemedicine can be performed using a conventional videophone or web conferencing system. Then, joint lesions can only be observed and inferred from two-dimensional images, and it is difficult to perform accurate joint assessments, which is essential for the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Objectives:To develop the next-generation online telemedicine system utilizing mixed reality for RA.Methods:We have developed a system that can assess joints accurately in three-dimensions images in real-time, using Azure Kinect DK (depth sensor)/ HoloLens 2 (headset), which are mixed reality technologies, and Teams (online interview/chat) provided by Microsoft. Furthermore, by applying artificial intelligence (AI), we plan to implement additionally to this system 1) a function to quickly catch and automatically evaluate the patient’s anxiety and changes in facial expressions at the time of examination, 2) a function to record dialogue with the patient in chronological order, 3) a function to support the detection of swollen joints, and 4) function to automatically analyze the questionnaire.Results:This system remotely connects a rheumatologist in the Nagasaki University Hospital (Nagasaki City, urban area) and a patient with RA and a non- rheumatologist in the Goto Central Hospital (Goto Island, rural area). A three-dimensional hologram of the patient’s hand projected in front of a rheumatologist. Using this system, we are able to evaluate joints more accurately than using a conventional videophone or web conferencing system.Conclusion:It is expected that this system will enable remote medical care specializing in rheumatology, which is standardized at a high level even in areas without rheumatologists such as remote islands and remote areas. This system remotely connects Nagasaki City and Goto Island, but due to the performance of the system, it is not limited to these areas and it is possible to connect rheumatologists to any area that can be connected to the network. It is also effective for the purpose of avoiding the risk of infection during long-distance hospital visits under the epidemic of COVID-19 infection.References:[1]Mov Disord. 2020;35:1719-1720.Disclosure of Interests:Shin-ya Kawashiri Speakers bureau: Speaker fees from AbbVie, Asahi Kasei, Astellas, Chugai, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Novartis, and ONO., Grant/research support from: Research grants from Pfizer., Fumiaki Nonaka: None declared, Shinji Chiba: None declared, Tomoyuki Honda: None declared, Tomohiko Nakajima: None declared, Tomoyuki Ishikawa: None declared, Atsushi Kawakami Speakers bureau: Speaker fees from AbbVie, Actelion, Asahi Kasei, Astellas, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celltrion, Chugai, Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly, GSK, Janssen, Kowa, MedPeer, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Novartis, ONO, Pfizer, Taisho, and Takeda., Grant/research support from: Grants and research support from AbbVie, Actelion, Asahi Kasei, Astellas, AYUMI, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celltrion, Chugai, Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, MSD, Neopharma, Novartis, ONO, Sanofi, Taisho, Takeda Science Foundation, and Teijin
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Elbehairy, Amany F., Jennifer K. Quint, Judith Rogers, Michael Laffan, Michael I. Polkey, and Nicholas S. Hopkinson. "Patterns of breathlessness and associated consulting behaviour: results of an online survey." Thorax 74, no. 8 (April 8, 2019): 814–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2018-212950.
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The online British Lung Foundation Breath Test provides an opportunity to study the relationship between breathlessness, common sociobehavioural risk factors and interaction with healthcare. We analysed data from 356 799 responders: 71% were ≥50 years old and 18% were smokers. 20% reported limiting breathlessness (Medical Research Council breathlessness score ≥3), and the majority of these (85%) worried about their breathing; of these, 29% had not sought medical advice. Of those who had, 58% reported that the advice received had not helped their breathlessness. Limiting breathlessness was associated with being older, physically inactive, smoking and a higher body mass index. These data suggest a considerable unmet need associated with breathlessness as well as possibilities for intervention.
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Tovares, Alla V. "Negotiating “thick” identities through “light” practices: YouTube metalinguistic comments about language in Ukraine." Multilingua 38, no. 4 (July 26, 2019): 459–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/multi-2018-0038.
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Abstract This article investigates YouTube metalinguistic comments about language varieties in Ukraine as a “light” practice to demonstrate how knowledge and identities are negotiated online against the backdrop of larger sociopolitical discourses that circulate in and about Ukraine. This work adds to our understanding of online, or “light”, identity construction by suggesting that taking up epistemic stances and overtly asserting epistemic statuses are often a part of such identity work. Furthermore, deliberate linguistic choices not only serve to index identities but also create (dis)affiliations and thus can be deployed as a means of inclusion or exclusion from a particular online group, often shifting between (and integrating) local and global themes and audiences. The analysis shows how by drawing on repetition, deixis, pronouns, and lexical choices, YouTube commenters police, reify, and contest the extant language practices and underlying ideologies and in so doing create a foundation for grassroots ideological and political mobilization.
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Siddiqui, Raheel Sufian, Moazzam Shahzad, Mahrukh Majeed, Ali Hussain, Faryal Murtaza, Farhan Khalid, Ayesha Habib, et al. "Gender disparities in National Institute of Health funding for hematologic malignancies, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and cellular therapeutics." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): 11020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.11020.
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11020 Background: Gender inequality in research funding has been studied extensively; however, the literature lacks evidence in Hematology. We investigated trends in National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding for hematologic malignancies (HM), hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and cellular therapeutics (CT). Methods: The data on Hematology funding was retrieved from NIH Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools (RePORT) Categorical Spending for fiscal years 2018 and 2019. A total of 6351 entries were reported. Only grants (n=1834) that were related to HM, HSCT, and CT were included. After excluding non-relevant, 975 principal investigators (PIs) were included in the analysis. Additional data regarding PIs was ascertained from the Scopus database, LinkedIn, Doximity, and departmental websites, including the number of publications, number of years of active research, H-index, highest degree, gender, and institution. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Bivariate analyses, using chi-square and t-test, and linear regression analyses were performed. Results: In 2018 and 2019, 1834 grants totaling $799.4 million were awarded by the NIH for malignant hematology research (men 1301, 71% vs women 533, 29%). Of 975 PIs, 680 (70%) were men and 295 (30%) were women. Table highlights gender disparities in NIH funding and associated factors. Most of the grant recipients were Ph.D. or M.D./Ph.D. About 70% of total funding was awarded to male PIs. There were no gender differences in the mean number of grants and mean grant amount. Women had significantly lower years of active research and academic productivity. Conclusions: Although the gender gap in academic hematology has decreased in recent years, the latest trend suggests significant gender inequality in NIH funding for malignant hematology, transplantation, and cellular therapy.[Table: see text]
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Islam, S., T. Rasul, J. Bin Alam, and M. A. Haque. "Evaluation of Water Quality of the Titas River Using NSF Water Quality Index." Journal of Scientific Research 3, no. 1 (December 20, 2010): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v3i1.6170.
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The Titas River, a trans-boundary river of Bangladesh flows almost the entire Brahmanbaria district, consumes a huge amount of sewage, agricultural discharges and runoff, waste produced from human excreta, discharges of two oil mills and contaminants from other minor sources. A study is conducted to find the water quality status of the river during the period from July 2008 to June 2009 and by using National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) water quality index, the probable use of this water is predicted. This work consists of laboratory tests for the evaluation of some water quality parameters of the Titas and to identify its probable use in various purposes. The results of the laboratory tests and NSF water quality index suggest that the water can be used for recreation, pisciculture and irrigation purposes but requires treatment before using for drinking.Keywords: Water pollution; Faecal coliform; Dissolved oxygen (DO); Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD).© 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi:10.3329/jsr.v3i1.6170 J. Sci. Res. 3 (1), 151-159 (2011)
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Bell, E., A. B. Gottlieb, P. J. Mease, G. Littman, and M. Via. "THU0578 ONLINE CME IMPROVES CLINICAL DECISION-MAKING IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PSORIATIC DISEASE." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.2290.
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Background:Psoriatic arthritis can be a challenging condition for rheumatologists to manage.Objectives:We assessed whether an online, virtual patient simulation (VPS) activity could improve the performance of rheumatologists in ordering appropriate tests, tailoring treatment options and selecting an evidence-based treatment for patients with PsA.Methods:This CME-certified VPS consisted of 2 patient cases presented in a platform that allowed physicians to assess the patients and complete open-field entries, choosing from an extensive database of diagnostic and treatment options reflecting the scope and depth of actual practice. After each decision, learners received clinical guidance (CG) based on current evidence and faculty recommendations. Clinical decisions were compared pre- and post-CG using a 2-tailed paired t-test to determinePvalues (P<.05 is significant). Rationales for clinical decisions were collected in real time. Data were collected between 28 February 2019 and 16 May 2019 and reported here as % relative improvement,Pvalue.Results:Case 1 (n=48 rheumatologists):45 yr old female patient diagnosed with PSO 5 years ago. Current treatment with MTX 15mg & folic acid once weekly plus ibuprofen. Experiencing nausea and increasing skin lesions. Recently showing signs and symptoms of PsA.Statistically significant changes were observed for:•Ordering appropriate tests to evaluate the patient (chemistry panel, 11%,P=.04; full blood count [FBC], 10%,P=.04; IFNƴ release assay for TB, 22%,P=.01; liver function tests [LFTs],13%,P=.02; rheumatology consult, 19%,P=.01 and viral hepatitis panel, 52%,P<.001)•Tailoring treatment options based on individual patient characteristics and available evidence (discontinue MTX [46%]and folic acid [140%], bothP<.001; order patient education, 24%,P=.006; guidance on lifestyle changes, 20%,P=.01; preventative vaccines prior to ant-TNF therapy, 38%,P=.002 and a followup appointment at an appropriate timescale, 26%,P=.006)•Selecting an evidence-based therapy for a patient newly diagnosed with PsA while on MTX therapy (adalimumab, 138%,P<.001)Case 2 (n=116 rheumatologists):55 yr old male who has had PSO for 9 years. Developed joint symptoms 1 year ago. Diagnosed with PsA & treated with MTX/folic acid. Elevated liver enzymes noted after 9 months; treatment switched to adalimumab. Skin lesions much improved but ongoing issues with pain and stiffness in hands. Current medications are citalopram, adalimumab, simvastatin and triamcinolone for skin flares.Statistically significant changes were observed for:•Ordering appropriate tests to evaluate the patient (C-reactive protein [9%], erythrocyte sedimentation rate [9%] and FBC [17%], all P<.01; Beck depression inventory [51%], BSAxPGA [21%], chemistry panel [15%], Global QoL 13%], Leeds enthesitis index [25%], LFTs [32%], PGA [21%], RAPID3 [63%], total BSA [137%]and X-ray of hands and feet [27%], allP<.001)•Tailoring treatment options based on individual patient characteristics and available evidence (discontinue biologic DMARD [67%], order patient education [22%], physical therapy [31%] and occupational therapy 27%], preventative vaccines [35%], psychosocial counselling [31%] and a follow-up appointment at an appropriate timescale [32%], allP<.001)•Selecting an evidence-based therapy for a patient with inadequate control of PsA on adalimumab (secukinumab, 152%,P<.001; ixekizumab, 167%,P=.01)Conclusion:These results demonstrate the success of immersive, online VPS education that engages physicians in a practical learning experience in improving their performance in managing patients with PsA.References:[1]https://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/902369Disclosure of Interests:Elaine Bell: None declared, Alice B Gottlieb Grant/research support from:: Research grants, consultation fees, or speaker honoraria for lectures from: Pfizer, AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, Sandoz, Nordic, Celltrion and UCB., Consultant of:: Research grants, consultation fees, or speaker honoraria for lectures from: Pfizer, AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, Sandoz, Nordic, Celltrion and UCB., Speakers bureau:: Research grants, consultation fees, or speaker honoraria for lectures from: Pfizer, AbbVie, BMS, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, Sandoz, Nordic, Celltrion and UCB., Philip J Mease Grant/research support from: Abbott, Amgen, Biogen Idec, BMS, Celgene Corporation, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun Pharmaceutical, UCB – grant/research support, Consultant of: Abbott, Amgen, Biogen Idec, BMS, Celgene Corporation, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun Pharmaceutical, UCB – consultant, Speakers bureau: Abbott, Amgen, Biogen Idec, BMS, Eli Lilly, Genentech, Janssen, Pfizer, UCB – speakers bureau, Gwen Littman: None declared, Mark Via: None declared
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Al Sawah, S., R. P. Daly, S. A. Foster, A. N. Naegeli, K. Benjamin, H. Doll, G. Bond, O. Moshkovich, and G. S. Alarcón. "The caregiver burden in lupus: findings from UNVEIL, a national online lupus survey in the United States." Lupus 26, no. 1 (July 11, 2016): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961203316651743.
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Objectives: Lupus imposes a substantial burden on patients; however, little is known about its impact on those caring for patients with the disease. In this study, we examined the impact ‘caring for patients with lupus’ has on caregivers from their own perspective. Methods: UNVEIL was a one-time online national cross-sectional survey developed in partnership with the Lupus Foundation of America and fielded targeting the US Lupus Foundation of America constituents in 2014. Eligible caregivers were adults who self-identified as unpaid caregivers of patients with lupus. Eligible caregivers had to complete a series of sociodemographic questions as well as a series of well established outcome measures, such as the Short Form 12v2 Health Survey, the Work Productivity and Activity Index, the Caregiver Burden Inventory, and the Perceived Benefits of Caregiving Scale. Results: A total of 253 caregivers completed the survey. The majority of caregivers (90.1%) were aged 60 years or younger, more than half (54.2%) were men, and more than half (59.7%) identified themselves as either a spouse or a partner to the patient with lupus they were caring for. Overall health-related quality of life was close to the norm mean of the general US population. Caregivers who were employed missed an average of 12.8% of paid work time due to caregiving responsibilities and reported a 33.5% reduction in on-the-job effectiveness. Nearly half of the caregivers surveyed (49.4%) indicated that their caregiving responsibilities impacted their ability to socialize with friends, and almost all caregivers (97.6%) reported experiencing increased anxiety and stress in relation to their caregiving role. Conclusions: Caregiving for patients with lupus has a substantial impact on the work productivity and the social and emotional functioning of caregivers. Healthcare professionals and policymakers should continually assess the impact of healthcare decisions on the well-being of those caring for patients with lupus.
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Bo, Shi, and Li Yanming. "Establishment on Evaluation Indicator System for Power System Simulation Software." Open Electrical & Electronic Engineering Journal 8, no. 1 (December 31, 2014): 372–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874129001408010372.
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Computer simulation has become an important means of data processing, calculation analysis, online debugging, closed loop control, fault diagnosis, condition forecasting in power system. In order to solve the problem that there is a lot of power simulation software and users of the software have difficulty in choosing the evaluation index system, this paper studies evaluation indicator system of simulation software based on analytic hierarchy process and provides support for software selection. Firstly, analyzed and summarized the structure of evaluation index system model which consists of 8 indexes, and the indexes were described; Then, create a mathematical model to calculate the weights, including judgment matrix, hierarchical ordering, consistency inspection process; Finally, calculate the evaluation index weigh according to the steps in mathematical model. The results show that posterior simulation function, software maintainability, eigenvalue analysis function, power flow calculation accuracy, these indicators have bigger impact on the power system simulation software, when selecting software these indicators should be considered. The content of this paper is the foundation of system evaluation , and it plays an important role in promoting the informatization level of power system.
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Samuel, David, Nicole Vilardo, Sara Isani, and Gregory Gressel. "3515 Readability of online patient education materials on gynecologic malignancies from major medical associations." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 3, s1 (March 2019): 28–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2019.69.
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OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Patients are increasingly using online materials to learn about gynecologic cancer. Recent studies demonstrate that 85-96% of patients with a gynecologic malignancy utilize the Internet as a health resource. Providers can refer patients to educational materials produced by major medical associations available on their websites. However, patient educational materials (PEMs) published by professional organizations from other surgical specialties have been shown to be difficult to read for the average American. The NIH and AMA recommend that PEMs be written between a sixth and eighth grade reading level. In this study, we assess the readability of online PEMs on gynecologic cancer published by major medical associations. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Seven national medical association websites with PEMs on gynecologic malignancy were surveyed: American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Center for Disease Control, Foundation for Women’s Cancer, National Cancer Institute, National Cervical Cancer Coalition, National Ovarian Cancer Coalition, and Society of Gynecologic Oncology. Online PEMs were identified and analyzed using five validated readability indices. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test were performed to detect differences in readability between publishers. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Two hundred and thirty PEMs were included in this analysis. Mean readability grade levels with standard deviation were: 11.3 (2.8) for Coleman-Liau index; 11.8 (3.2) for Flesch-Kincaid; 11.1 (1.2) for FORCAST formula; 12.5 (2.7) for Gunning FOG formula; 12.1 (2.6) for New Dale-Chall formula; and 13.5 (2.5) for SMOG formula. Overall, PEMs were written at a mean 12th grade reading level. Only 4.3% of articles were written at an 8th grade reading level or below. ANOVA demonstrated a significant difference in readability between publishing associations (p<0.01). PEMs from the Center for Disease Control had a mean 10th grade reading level and were significantly lower than all other organizations. PEMs from The Foundation for Women’s Cancer had a mean 13th grade reading level and were significantly higher than most other organizations. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Gynecologic oncology PEMs available from major medical association are written well above the recommended sixth to eight grade reading level. Simplifying PEMs may improve patient understanding of their disease and facilitate physician-patient communication.
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Lu, Liping, Cheng Chen, Yuexia Li, Lisa Vanwagner, Wenzhi Guo, Shuijun Zhang, James Shikany, and Ka He. "Magnesium Intake Is Inversely Associated with the Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Among American Young adults." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 1446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa061_074.
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Abstract Objectives To examine magnesium (Mg) intake from diet and supplements during young adulthood in relation to risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in midlife. Methods A total of 2712 black and white American adults aged 18 to 30 years were recruited in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adult (CARDIA) study in 1985–1986 (baseline) with 8 additional examinations during 25 years thereafter. Mg intake was assessed at baseline and exam years 7 and 20 using the CARDIA diet history questionnaires. Computed tomography (CT) scanning was performed at exam year 25 (2010–2011) to ascertain NAFLD cases, which was defined as liver attenuation (LA) ≤51 Hounsfield units after exclusion for other causes of liver fat. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between cumulative average Mg intake and the risk of NAFLD. Results At exam year 25, 638 NAFLD cases were documented. An inverse association between total Mg intake (from diet and supplements) and NAFLD risk was observed after adjustment sociodemographics, major lifestyle factors, dietary quality, and clinical measurements (body mass index, blood pressure, lipid profiles, and fasting insulin). Compared with participants in the lowest quintile of Mg intake, those in the highest quintile had a 54% lower risk of NAFLD [multivariable-adjusted odds ratio = 0.46, 95% confidence interval = (0.25, 0.87), P for trend = 0.0498]. Consistently, there was an inverse association between whole grain consumption (a major food source of magnesium) and NAFLD risk. Conclusions This study suggests that higher intake of Mg throughout adulthood is associated with a lower risk of NAFLD in middle age. Funding Sources The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study is supported by grants from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) in collaboration with the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Northwestern University, University of Minnesota, and Kaiser Foundation Research Institute.This study is also partially supported by the NIH grants and NHLBI.
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Li, Yining, and Peilin Zhang. "An online de-noising method for oil ultrasonic wear debris signal: fuzzy morphology component analysis." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 70, no. 6 (August 13, 2018): 1012–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-12-2016-0302.
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Purpose In real working condition, signal is highly disturbed and even drowned by noise, which extremely interferes in detecting results. Therefore, this paper aims to provide an effective de-noising method for the debris particle in lubricant so that the ultrasonic technique can be applied to the online debris particle detection. Design/methodology/approach For completing the online ultrasonic monitoring of oil wear debris, the research is made on some selected wear debris signals. It applies morphology component analysis (MCA) theory to de-noise signals. To overcome the potential weakness of MCA threshold process, it proposes fuzzy morphology component analysis (FMCA) by fuzzy threshold function. Findings According to simulated and experimental results, it eliminates most of the wear debris signal noises by using FMCA through the signal comparison. According to the comparison of simulation evaluation index, it has highest signal noise ratio, smallest root mean square error and largest similarity factor. Research limitations/implications The rapid movement of the debris particles, as well as the lubricant temperature, may influence the measuring signals. Researchers are encouraged to solve these problems further. Practical implications This paper includes implications for the improvement in the online debris detection and the development of the ultrasonic technique applied in online debris detection. Originality value This paper provides a promising way of applying the MCA theory to de-noise signals. To avoid the potential weakness of the MCA threshold process, it proposes FMCA through fuzzy threshold function. The FMCA method has great obvious advantage in de-noising wear debris signals. It lays the foundation for online ultrasonic monitoring of lubrication wear debris.
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Murray, Kieran Edward, Timothy Eanna Murray, Anna Caroline O'Rourke, Candice Low, and Douglas James Veale. "Readability and Quality of Online Information on Osteoarthritis: An Objective Analysis With Historic Comparison." Interactive Journal of Medical Research 8, no. 3 (September 16, 2019): e12855. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/12855.
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Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common cause of disability in people older than 65 years. Readability of online OA information has never been assessed. A 2003 study found the quality of online OA information to be poor. Objective The aim of this study was to review the readability and quality of current online information regarding OA. Methods The term osteoarthritis was searched across the three most popular English language search engines. The first 25 pages from each search engine were analyzed. Duplicate pages, websites featuring paid advertisements, inaccessible pages (behind a pay wall, not available for geographical reasons), and nontext pages were excluded. Readability was measured using Flesch Reading Ease Score, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, and Gunning-Fog Index. Website quality was scored using the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria and the DISCERN criteria. Presence or absence of the Health On the Net Foundation Code of Conduct (HONcode) certification, age of content, content producer, and author characteristics were noted. Results A total of 37 unique websites were found suitable for analysis. Readability varied by assessment tool from 8th to 12th grade level. This compares with the recommended 7th to 8th grade level. Of the 37, 1 (2.7%) website met all 4 JAMA criteria. Mean DISCERN quality of information for OA websites was “fair,” compared with the “poor” grading of a 2003 study. HONcode-endorsed websites (43%, 16/37) were of a statistically significant higher quality. Conclusions Readability of online health information for OA was either equal to or more difficult than the recommended level.
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Wills, Tarrin. "The Skaldic Project and Lexicon Poeticum." Revista de Poética Medieval 33 (December 31, 2019): 121–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37536/rpm.2019.33.0.72461.
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This paper describes a digital project to edit the Old Norse poetic corpus known as skaldic poetry, composed between the ninth and fourteenth centuries. The Skaldic Project started in 1997 with the first editions published in 2007, and 75% of the corpus is now published in print and online. The long-term nature of the project, together with the complexities of the corpus and its manuscript and textual preservation, have meant that the digital resource has had a number of challenges to address. This article focuses on three of these challenges: the need to provide a large amount of material about the context of the poetry to contributors, including manuscript images; the need to provide an integrated editing and publication system capable of simultaneous updates by multiple editors and assistants; and instant digital access, online publication and a streamlined process for export for print publication. This article describes these processes and solutions, which encompass both human workflows as well as technical solutions. It demonstrates how the method adopted and data created has provided a foundation for further research projects based on the digital resource, including a lexicographic resource (Lexicon Poeticum) and an index of the complex diction of the corpus (Kenning Lexicon).
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Lu, Liping, Cheng Chen, Wenjing Tang, David Jacobs, James Shikany, and Ka He. "Calcium Intake Is Inversely Related to the Risk of Obesity Among American Young Adults over a 30-Year Follow-Up." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 1445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa061_073.
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Abstract Objectives It has been suggested that high calcium intake may promote weight reduction and prevent obesity, but data from longitudinal studies investigating the potential long-term associations of calcium with weight maintenance are limited and the findings are inconsistent. Therefore, we prospectively examined dietary calcium and serum calcium concentrations in relation to the incidence of obesity in a cohort of American young adults. Methods This study includes 4097 participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study who were age 18–30 years at baseline in 1985–86. Participants were reexamined in 8 follow-ups over 30 years. Calcium intake from diet and supplements was estimated by the CARDIA diet history questionnaire at baseline and two re-exams (year 7 and 20). Serum calcium concentrations were measured at baseline. Incident obesity was defined as a body mass index ≥30 kg/m2. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the associations between calcium levels (intake and serum concentrations) and the incidence of obesity. Results During 30 years of follow-up, a total of 1675 participants became obese. Both calcium intake and serum calcium concentrations were inversely associated with obesity incidence independent of sociodemographics, major lifestyle factors, medical history, dietary quality and clinical measurements (blood pressure, lipid profiles, and fasting insulin) [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of quintile 5 (highest) vs. quintile 1 (lowest) calcium intake from diet and supplements: 0.76 (0.62, 0.93), P for trend = 0.02; serum calcium: 0.83 (0.71, 0.97), P for trend = 0.04]. A similar inverse association was observed between the consumption of dairy products, a major food source of calcium, and obesity incidence. Conclusions Calcium intake and serum calcium concentration are longitudinally and inversely associated with incidence of obesity among American young adults. Funding Sources The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study is supported by grants from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) in collaboration with the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Northwestern University, University of Minnesota, and Kaiser Foundation Research Institute. This study is also partially supported by the NIH grants.
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Marshall, Rebecca, Eoghan Pomeroy, Catriona McKendry, Michael Gilmartin, Paula McQuail, and Mark Johnson. "Anaesthesia for total hip and knee replacement: A review of patient education materials available online." F1000Research 8 (April 9, 2019): 416. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.18675.1.
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Background: Patients frequently consult the internet for health information. Our aim was to perform an Internet-based readability and quality control study using recognised quality scoring systems to assess the patient information available online relating to anaesthesia for total hip and knee replacement surgery. Methods: Online patient information relating to anaesthesia for total hip and knee replacement was identified using Google, Bing and Yahoo with search terms ‘hip replacement anaesthetic’, ‘knee replacement anaesthetic.’ Readability was assessed using Flesch Reading Ease (FRE), Flesch-Kincaid grade level (FKGL) and Gunning Fog Index (GFI). Quality was assessed using DISCERN instrument, Health On the Net Foundation seal, and Information Standard mark. Results: 32 websites were analysed. 25% were HONcode certified, 15.6% had the Information Standard. Mean FRE was 55.2±12.8. Mean FKGL was 8.6±1.9. Six websites (18.8%) had the recommended 6th-grade readability level. Mean of 10.4±2.6 years of formal education was required to read the websites. Websites with Information Standard were easier to read: FKGL (6.2 vs. 9, P < 0.001), GFI (8.8 vs. 10.7, P = 0.04), FRE score (64.2 vs. 9, P = 0.02). Mean DISCERN score was low: 40.3 ± 13. Conclusions: Overall, most websites were poor quality with reading levels too high for the target audience. Information Standard NHS quality mark was associated with improved readability, however along with HONcode were not found to have a statistically significant correlation with quality. Based on this study, we would encourage healthcare professionals to be judicious in the websites they recommend to patients, and to consider both the readability and quality of the information provided.
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Dinsmoor, Andrew, Anna Arthur, Barbara Fiese, Naiman Khan, and Sharon Donovan. "Early Life Factors Predictive of Weight Status in 2 Year-Olds." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 977. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa054_049.
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Abstract Objectives The extent to which early life factors predict weight status by age two is unclear. This study elucidated early life factors predictive of BMI-for-age z-score (MN24 BMI) in 2-year-olds in the ongoing STRONG Kids 2 longitudinal study. Methods At registration, 6 weeks, 3, 12, 18, and 24 months, parents (N = 126) completed online surveys (questions derived from CDC Infant Feeding Practices questionnaire, Short Form of the MOS Health survey, and Block Kids Food Frequency Questionnaire (Ages 2–7; Nutrition Quest) for diet MN21–24). Height and weight were collected at home visits. Child BMI-for age z-scores were based on WHO growth standards, and dietary patterns at MN24 were derived by principal component analysis (PCA). Mode of delivery (i.e., vaginal or caesarean), timing of introduction to solids, dietary patterns, child's BMI z-score and feeding methods (i.e., exclusive formula or breastfeeding, or both), and maternal weight were obtained. Multiple regression modelling determined the explanatory power of these factors on MN24 BMI. Results Modelling revealed a significant regression equation (P < .001), with an R2 of .359. MN12 BMI-for-age z-score (MN12 BMI) (β = .555, P < .001) explained 31.2% of the variance in MN24 BMI. Child feeding method at MN3 (β = –.218, P = .003) accounted for 4.7% of the variance in MN24 BMI. Conclusions Children with a greater MN12 BMI have a higher MN24 BMI, while those who undergo breastfeeding at MN3 have a lower MN24 BMI. Future studies will expand on these findings by examining if the predictive power of these early life factors on BMI persists in later life. Funding Sources Grants from the National Dairy Council to Sharon Donovan and Barbara H. Fiese (CoPI's), and the Gerber Foundation and NIH R01 DK107561 to Sharon Donovan.
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Plugatar, Yu V., N. A. Bagrikova, and T. S. Naumenko. "Comparative bibliometric analysis of scientific activity of departments of the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens under the new conditions in the Crimea." Plant Biology and Horticulture: theory, innovation, no. 151 (December 30, 2019): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36305/2019-2-151-5-20.
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The article presents a brief history and describes the main directions of scientific research of one of the oldest scientific institutions in Russia - the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens, which was founded in 1812. Today, in the Gardens botanical and crop-growing problems are solving on the modern basis, fundamental studies are conducted in several areas: botany, ecology, nature protection, introduction, breeding, genetics, physiology, biochemistry, biotechnology, reproductive biology of plants. The researches in the field of plant protection, agroecology, as well as the studies of the impact of phyto factors on humans have an applied significance. The Nikitsky Botanical Gardens has a leading position in the breeding of fruit, technical and floral crops, in biotechnology and reproductive biology of plants, in the study of biologically active substances, changes in vegetation on ecological gradients, classification of plant communities, plant physiology. Research works are carried out in accordance with the Program of fundamental research of the Russian Academy of Sciences for 2013-2020, Grants of the Russian Science Foundation and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, agreements on creative cooperation with research and educational institutions of Russia and foreign countries. The article presents an analytical review of the publication activity of scientific workers, it also provides data on the quantitative distribution of researchers in the main research areas in the FSFIS "the NBG-NSC" for 2013-2018. The contribution of various scientific subdivisions in accordance with the most important bibliometric indicators (publication activity, citation rate, h-index) is given. The bibliometric analysis reflects the positive dynamics of publication activity over the past 5 years, which is visible in the work of almost all scientific departments and in all areas of research. The results of the studies are presented in monographs, articles, conference proceedings. The total number of publications prepared by the staff of the Gardens in 2014-2018 is about 2578 units, including the RSCI - 2468, Scopus - 95, WoS Core Collection- 85, the average number of publications per author is 12.30. Whereas during the period of 2009-2013 1060 publications were registered in the RSCI, 57 - in Scopus, 44 - in WoS. The h-index of the organization in the RSCI in 2014-2018 is 30-33, in the core of the RSCI is 13, for most of the senior and leading researchers with doctoral and candidate degrees, this figure corresponds to the values from 9 to 17.
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Wright, Talmadge, Felix Rodriguez, and Howard Waitzkin. "Corporate Interests, Philanthropies, and the Peace Movement." International Journal of Health Services 16, no. 1 (January 1986): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/y2qc-99f2-kfkc-r14u.
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Corporate and philanthropic involvement in the peace movement is growing. In considering medical peace groups as examples, we have studied the ways that corporate and philanthropic funding have shaped the course of activism. Our methods have included: review of the Foundations Grant Index from 1974–1983; analysis of corporations' and foundations' criteria for grants in the categories of peace, arms control, and disarmament; interviews with leaders of activist organizations and with foundation officials; and our own experiences in the peace movement. Corporate interests in preventing nuclear war stem from a concern for global stability in which world markets may expand, and from a hope to frame issues posed by the peace movement in a way that will not challenge basic structures of power and finance. Several general features make peace groups respectable and attractive to philanthropies: an uncritical stance toward corporate participation in the arms race; a viewpoint that the main danger of nuclear war stems from a profound, bilateral conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union; and a single-issue focus that does not deal with the many related problems reflecting the injustices of capitalism. The two major medical groups working for peace, Physicians for Social Responsibility (PSR) and International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW), have accomplished many goals; however, their adherence to subtle criteria of respectability and their dependence on philanthropic funding have limited the scope of their activism. The struggle for peace can not succeed without fundamental changes in the corporate system that initiates, maintains, and promotes the arms race.
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Peng, Kaixiang, Bingzheng Wang, and Jie Dong. "An Efficient Quality-Related Fault Diagnosis Method for Real-Time Multimode Industrial Process." Journal of Control Science and Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9560206.
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Focusing on quality-related complex industrial process performance monitoring, a novel multimode process monitoring method is proposed in this paper. Firstly, principal component space clustering is implemented under the guidance of quality variables. Through extraction of model tags, clustering information of original training data can be acquired. Secondly, according to multimode characteristics of process data, the monitoring model integrated Gaussian mixture model with total projection to latent structures is effective after building the covariance description form. The multimode total projection to latent structures (MTPLS) model is the foundation of problem solving about quality-related monitoring for multimode processes. Then, a comprehensive statistics index is defined which is based on the posterior probability of the monitored samples belonging to each Gaussian component in the Bayesian theory. After that, a combined index is constructed for process monitoring. Finally, motivated by the application of traditional contribution plot in fault diagnosis, a gradient contribution rate is applied for analyzing the variation of variable contribution rate along samples. Our method can ensure the implementation of online fault monitoring and diagnosis for multimode processes. Performances of the whole proposed scheme are verified in a real industrial, hot strip mill process (HSMP) compared with some existing methods.
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Zainon, S., R. Atan, and Y. Bee Wah. "An empirical study on the determinants of information disclosure of Malaysian non-profit organizations." Asian Review of Accounting 22, no. 1 (April 29, 2014): 35–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ara-04-2013-0026.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of the extent of disclosure by non-profit organizations (NPOs) in Malaysia due to the growing interest in the disclosure practice studies of NPOs and given the importance of disclosure to ensure accountability and transparency. Design/methodology/approach – This study involves three phases. First, the paper identifies information items NPOs need to disclose. Second, the paper conducts an online survey to determine the ratings of importance for the disclosure items. Third, the paper measures the extent of disclosure from the annual returns of 101 Malaysian NPOs for the year 2009. The paper uses hierarchical regression analysis to determine the significant determinants of information disclosure. Findings – The key determinants are establishment of an external audit, financial performance and government support in terms of grants. The results show that the presence of external auditors promotes better reporting practice. Malaysian NPOs that receive funding and those with better financial standing disclose more information. Research limitations/implications – The sample only covers NPOs with tax-exempt status in the state of Selangor and Wilayah Persekutuan in Malaysia. The sample size of 101 registered NPOs limits the generalization of the results. Inclusion and analyses of additional NPOs may offer generalizable results. Practical implications – This study provides empirical evidence concerning the establishment of external audit for better information disclosure. It also provides 88 items that are important and required by stakeholders. Originality/value – The study is based on 88 items of information according to the needs of stakeholders for information. The NPOs reporting index can assist the preparers of charity reporting in fulfilling the stakeholders’ requirements. The reporting index can also be used to assess the information disclosure of NPOs in Malaysia.
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Bradley, P. A., and M. A. Wood. "An Example Demonstrating the Potential for Asteroseismology of DB White Dwarf Stars." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 139 (1993): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s025292110011704x.
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AbstractWe present the results of a parametric survey of evolutionary models of compositionally stratified white dwarfs with helium surface layers (DB white dwarfs). Because white dwarfs are the most common final end state of stellar evolution, determining their internal structure will offer us many clues about stellar evolution, the physics of matter under extreme conditions, plus the history of star formation and age of the local Galactic disk. As a first step towards determining the internal structure of DB white dwarf stars, we provide a comprehensive set of theoretical g-mode pulsation periods for comparison to observations.Because DB white dwarfs have a layered structure consisting of a helium layer overlying the carbon/oxygen core, some modes will have the same wavelength as the thickness of the helium layer, allowing a resonance to form. This resonance is called mode trapping (see Brassard et al. 1992 and references therein) and has directly observable consequences, because modes at or near the resonance have eigenfunctions and pulsation periods that are similar to each other. This results in much smaller period spacings between consecutive overtone modes of the same spherical harmonic index than the uniform period spacings seen between non-trapped modes. We demonstrate with an example how one can use the distribution of pulsation periods to determine the total stellar mass, the mass of the helium surface layer, and the extent of the helium/carbon and carbon/oxygen transition zones. With these tools, we have the prospect of being able to determine the structure of the observed DBV white dwarfs, once the requisite observations become available.We are grateful to C.J. Hansen, S.D. Kawaler, R.E. Nather, and D.E. Winget for their encouragement and many discussions. This research was supported by the National Science Foundation under grants 85-52457 and 90-14655 through the University of Texas and McDonald Observatory.
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Cohen, Tamara, May Slim, Hugues Plourde, Valerie Bouzo, Vanessa Dumeaux, and Najmeh Khalili-Mahani. "Changes in Eating Behaviors and Confidence Towards Cooking After an 8-Week Online Cooking and Nutrition Tutorials in Adults Living with an Overweight Condition or Obesity." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 1294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa059_011.
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Abstract Objectives This study tested the impact of online cooking and nutrition tutorials on eating behaviours and psychosocial determinants of cooking skills among adults living with an overweight condition or obesity. Methods Healthy adults 18–65 y living with an overweight condition or obesity (25 < body mass index [BMI] < 40 kg/m2) living in the greater Montreal (Quebec) Canada were randomized (1:1:1) to one of three groups: Control [Ctrl; weekly delivery of food with paper-based recipes], Nutrition [weekly delivery of food, access to online cooking and nutrition tutorials] or Behaviour [weekly delivery of food, access to online cooking and eating behaviour tutorials] over 8 weeks. Cooking and education videos were <4 min long total and were viewed through private YouTube links. At baseline and 8 weeks, anthropometrics and sociodemographic were surveyed, as were appetitive traits (i.e., Food Responsiveness, Hunger, Emotional Overeating, Enjoyment of Food, Satiety Responsiveness, Food Fussiness, Emotional Undereating and Slowness in Eating) using the Adult Eating Behavior Questionnaire [AEBQ]. Cooking barriers and confidence towards cooking, confidence in consuming fruits and vegetables and self-efficacy were also assessed. Mixed model ANOVAs were used to test for differences among groups over time. Results At baseline, forty-eight participants with a mean age of 34.0 ± 12.9 y and BMI of 30.2 ± 4.5 kg/m2 were enrolled. Significant differences were seen in the Slowness in Eating subscale between Behaviour (1.64 ± 0.98) and Ctrl (2.46 ± 0.88) (P < 0.02). At 8 weeks, Emotional Overeating scores significantly decreased in both Nutrition and Behaviour compared to Ctrl (P = 0.03). Other AEBQ subscales did not vary by time or group. From baseline to 8 weeks, all groups significantly increased scores for confidence towards cooking (P < 0.001), confidence in consuming of fruits and vegetables (P < 0.001) and general self-efficacy (P < 0.001). Conclusions The weekly provision of food baskets with online cooking and nutrition tutorials elicited changes in eating behaviours in adults living with an overweight condition and obesity. Future studies including a long-term follow-up and larger sample size are needed to confirm these positive findings. Funding Sources R. Howard Webster Foundation.
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Bhagat, Vijay. "Women Authorship of Scholarly Publications on COVID-19: Leadership Analysis." Feminist Research 4, no. 1 (June 10, 2020): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21523/gcj2.20010102.
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Women are continuously underrepresented in authorship of scholarly publications. 1) The authorship positions as first -, last and corresponding author, and 2) performance as citations and Altmetric records of published papers are indicators of leadership qualities of the authors. Comparative leadership qualities of women authors were calculated using odds ratios. The proportion analysis was performed to get comparative contributions and per article citations and Altmetric records to understand the quality of publications. Information about scholarly publications was downloaded from Dimensions and data about names and gender was collected from different online sources. Author’s gender was detected based on first name. The proportions of women authorship as first, last and corresponding author were calculated to understand the share of women in scholarly publications. Women show underrepresentation in authorship of scholarly publications on COVID-19. Female-to-male odds ratio was calculated for these authorships and the performance was calculated of research papers authored by women as first and last authors. Female-to-male odds ratios calculated for 1) women authorships as first author, 2) citations, and 3) Altmetric tracking records for articles authored by women as first author were more than 1. Further, 1) women authorship as last- and corresponding authors and 2) citations and Altmetric tracking records for articles authored women as last author show calculated value were less than 1. All these ratios were considered as indicators of women leadership in scholarly publications on COVID-19. Leadership index was calculated to understand the level of women leadership in this field. Calculated leadership index for women (7.11) shows leadership qualities of women authors. Financial support provided was almost equal for research reported in women and men first authored papers. The field is very new; it is as active and challenging area of research for social justice and welfare society. The method and results reported in the paper is useful for preparation of research policies and monitoring the research projects, grants with feminist approach.
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Decker, A., and M. Cribbet. "0138 Behaviorally Assessed Sleep Duration and Oxidative Stress." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.136.
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Abstract Introduction Sleep may promote health by acting as an antioxidant, thereby increasing the body’s resistance to oxidative stress. Lipid peroxidation, a marker of oxidative stress, is one of the key early events in the development of atherosclerosis, the pathologic condition that underlies cardiovascular disease (CVD). Short sleep duration is prevalent in the general population and associated with CVD risk. However, the mechanisms linking short sleep to CVD are not well understood. Methods To test the hypothesis that short sleep duration would be associated with higher levels of oxidative stress, we conducted secondary data analysis on a diverse sample of participants (N= 81; Mage = 30.1(SD=10.9); 57% Male; 27% African American) from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Participants wore actigraphs on their non-dominant wrists for 7 days to collect rest and activity data, which were used to derive average sleep duration. Participants provided urine samples and self-reported demographic data, along with daily mood, alcohol use, and physical activity. Oxidative stress was quantified as urinary concentrations of 15-F2t-isoprostane (15-F2-IsoP). Levels of 15-F2-IsoP were measured with a competitive enzyme linked-immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in duplicate. Urinary 15-F2-IsoP was adjusted by urinary creatinine to create an index of oxidative stress that took into account a measure of antioxidant defenses. Results Sleep duration was inversely correlated with oxidative stress (b= -.24, p=.03). In multiple regression analyses that controlled for age, sex, race, body mass index, alcohol use, physical activity, and depressed mood, sleep duration remained significantly negatively associated with oxidative stress, β = -.16, t = -2.33, p = .02, R2= .20. Conclusion These findings are important because they suggest that a relationship exists between short sleep and increased oxidative damage to lipids. Increasing our understanding of this relationship could motivate new CVD prevention strategies that target the inhibition of oxidative stress through sleep interventions. Support This study was supported by a grant from the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (AT006694); a grant from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01 AI066367); grants from the National Institutes of Health (UL1 RR024153 and UL1 RT000005); and by the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation.
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Estadilla, John Oliver, and Ernani Bullecer. "Is Household Food Insecurity Associated with Overweight/Obesity Among Adults in CALABARZON Region, Philippines?" Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 1632. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa063_030.
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Abstract Objectives The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of overweight/obesity among food secure and food insecure households; and measure the association of household food insecurity with overweight/obesity among the adults of CALABARZON Region, Philippines. Methods This cross-sectional study analyzed the 8th National Nutrition Survey of the Philippines conducted in 2013 by the Food and Nutrition Research Institute. The included dataset for this study covered only all the non-pregnant, non-lactating adult respondents aged 20 years old and over who were able to complete the survey. Anthropometric measurements such as height and weight were obtained and body mass index was calculated. Two-day non-consecutive 24-hour diet recalls were completed. Household Food Security status was measured using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale. Logistic Regression was used to measure the association of food insecurity and overweight/obesity. Results The prevalence of overweight/obesity in the Region was estimated at 36.87% (95%CI: 30.40–43.85) and 47.59% (95%CI: 40.06–55.23) among adults belonging to food insecure and food secure households, respectively. After controlling for the confounding effects of household size and wealth quintile index, it was revealed that food insecurity is not a predictor of overweight/obesity with a significant adjusted odds ratio of 0.7385 (95%CI: 0.4934–1.2441). Conclusions At present, there is no current local data presenting the prevalence rates of overweight/obesity according to household food security status. With this as one of the objectives of this paper, the study was able to generate the prevalence rates of household food security and insecurity in the CALABARZON Region according to overweight/obesity status. Despite the co-existence of overweight/obesity and food insecurity in the Region, household food insecurity was not statistically associated with overweight/obesity even after adjusting for various confounding factors. Funding Sources The primary author would like to thank the following institutions for providing financial grants to support the implementation of this study: Department of Science and Technology - Science Education Institute (DOST-SEI), University of the Philippines Manila - National Graduate Office for the Health Sciences (UPM-NGOHS) and Neys-Van Hoogstraten Foundation (NHF).
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Quittner, Alexandra L., Janice Abbott, Anna M. Georgiopoulos, Lutz Goldbeck, Beth Smith, Sarah E. Hempstead, Bruce Marshall, Kathryn A. Sabadosa, and Stuart Elborn. "International Committee on Mental Health in Cystic Fibrosis: Cystic Fibrosis Foundation and European Cystic Fibrosis Society consensus statements for screening and treating depression and anxiety." Thorax 71, no. 1 (October 9, 2015): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207488.
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Studies measuring psychological distress in individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) have found high rates of both depression and anxiety. Psychological symptoms in both individuals with CF and parent caregivers have been associated with decreased lung function, lower body mass index, worse adherence, worse health-related quality of life, more frequent hospitalisations and increased healthcare costs. To identify and treat depression and anxiety in CF, the CF Foundation and the European CF Society invited a panel of experts, including physicians, psychologists, psychiatrists, nurses, social workers, a pharmacist, parents and an individual with CF, to develop consensus recommendations for clinical care. Over 18 months, this 22-member committee was divided into four workgroups: Screening; Psychological Interventions; Pharmacological Treatments and Implementation and Future Research, and used the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome methodology to develop questions for literature search and review. Searches were conducted in PubMed, PsychINFO, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Psychiatry online and ABDATA by a methodologist at Dartmouth. The committee reviewed 344 articles, drafted statements and set an 80% acceptance for each recommendation statement as a consensus threshold prior to an anonymous voting process. Fifteen guideline recommendation statements for screening and treatment of depression and anxiety in individuals with CF and parent caregivers were finalised by vote. As these recommendations are implemented in CF centres internationally, the process of dissemination, implementation and resource provision should be closely monitored to assess barriers and concerns, validity and use.
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Sharf, Giora, Andreas Hochhaus, Jan Geissler, Celia Marin, Zack Pemberton-Whiteley, Felice Bombaci, Rita I. O. Christensen, et al. "CML Patients' Views on Psychological Support throughout the Treatment-Free Remission Journey." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 2934. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-123942.
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Background In Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), Treatment-free Remission (TFR) refers to having a stable deep molecular response without the need for ongoing Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) treatment. While first recommendations exist about how to manage stopping and re-starting therapy, based on data from the EURO-SKI study, much is still unknown about the experiences of those considering and undertaking TFR. Through this study, we sought to obtain quantitative evidence of patient experience that has previously only been anecdotal and to identify areas of unmet needs. One strong theme to emerge was patients' differing views on the need for psychological support. Method A global online survey was conducted, recruiting patients through CML patient associations, via online forums, social media and other methods. The questionnaire was designed by an expert panel of eight CML patients to capture the experiences of people along all phases of the TFR journey. The different phases were classified as: Phase I - Considerations around stopping treatment; Phase II - Probation period (experiences during the first 6 months of stopping treatment); Phase IIIA -Restarting treatment (experiences where treatment had to restart due to molecular reoccurrence), and Phase IIIB - Long-term remission (experiences of being in long-term, treatment-free remission). Once the question set was agreed, the questionnaire went through two rounds of testing by eight volunteers. This exercise contributed towards refining the questionnaire into a finished version. The questionnaire was translated into eleven languages: Arabic, Danish, English, Finnish, French, German, Hebrew, Italian, Japanese, Russian and Spanish. Fieldwork lasted 20 weeks. Results A total of 1016 responses were collected from CML patients across 68 countries. Patients only answered the sections of the questionnaire that were relevant for them. All 1016 had experience of Phase I, 494 (49%) had experience of Phase II, 159 (16%) had experience of Phase IIIA, and 203 (20%) had experience of IIIB. Of the 494 patients who stopped treatment, 32% said disease reoccurred and 41% reported being in long-term remission (this includes <1% who said, after stopping treatment, they had to restart, but they attempted stopping again and are currently in long-term remission). During Phase I, 22% said they would have liked to have received information on psychological effects. During Phase II: 18% of respondents said they discussed how to deal with psychological aspects with their doctor; 31% of respondents said they felt fear or anxiety before and/or after PCR monitoring tests, and overall 56% of respondents said they felt fear or anxiety and some point during the phase. 45% of males said they felt fear and anxiety during this phase, compared to 63% of females. There were differences in reported psychological and/or emotional support received across Phases II, IIIA and IIIB. Phase II had the smallest proportion of patients who said they received support (20%); in Phase IIIA, this was 26% and in Phase IIIB, 25%. Phase IIIA had the largest proportion of patients who wanted support but didn't receive it (25%); in Phase II, it was 23%, and it was lowest in Phase IIIB, 16%. While the highest proportion of patients answered that psychological/emotional support was not necessary; this varies by gender and across the TFR journey. Phase IIIA had the smallest proportion of patients who said they did not need support (48%); in Phase II this was 57%, and in Phase IIIB it was 59%. Across all phases, a larger proportion of male respondents said support was not necessary, compared to female respondents. Conclusions There are opportunities for more communication and support around psychological issues to be given through the provision of information during the decision-making stage, and/or discussions between doctors and patients during the stopping stage. A considerable proportion of patients feel fear or anxiety at some level during stopping treatment, and not all patients who want psychological and/or emotional support receive it. The psychological well-being of patients should be a consideration of healthcare professionals and addressed at all stages of the TFR journey, to ensure patients receive support at the level they want through personalised care. Figure Disclosures Sharf: Incyte: Honoraria, Other: Advocacy Advisory Board, Research Funding; Abbvie: Other: Advocacy grants funding; Roche: Other: Advocacy grants funding; BMS: Other: Advocacy grants funding, Research Funding; Takeda: Other: Advocacy grants funding; Janssen: Other: Advocacy grants funding; Novartis: Honoraria, Other: Advocacy Advisory Board, Research Funding; Pfizer: Honoraria, Other: Advocacy Advisory Board, Research Funding. Hochhaus:Novartis: Research Funding; BMS: Research Funding; Pfizer: Research Funding; MSD: Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding. Geissler:Pfizer: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Biomarin: Consultancy; Takeda: Research Funding; Amgen: Consultancy; Incyte: Research Funding; Roche: Consultancy; Servier: Consultancy; UCB: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau. Marin:Leukemia Patient Advocates Foundation: Employment. Pemberton-Whiteley:Acute Leukemia Advocates Network (ALAN): Consultancy; CML Advocates Network: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Patient Evidence: Equity Ownership; Daiichi Sankyo: Other: Grant funding; Gilead: Other: Grant funding, Speakers Bureau; Incyte: Consultancy, Other: Grant funding; Jazz: Other: Grant funding, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Consultancy, Other: Grant funding; Kyowa Kirin: Other: Grant funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Other: Grant funding, Speakers Bureau; Pfizer: Consultancy, Other: Grant Funding, Speakers Bureau; Takeda: Other: Grant funding; Shire: Other: Grant Funding; AbbVie: Other: Grant funding; Amgen: Consultancy, Other: Grant funding, Speakers Bureau; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Other: Grant funding, Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Consultancy, Other: Grant funding; Leukaemia Care: Employment. Bombaci:CLL Advocate: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: grant funding ; CML Advocate: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Grant funding ; Incyte: Consultancy; Onlus: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: grant funding; Novartis Pharma AG: Consultancy, Other: Advisory board ; MPN Advocate: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: grant funding ; Abbive: Consultancy, Other: grading funding; Bristol- Myers: Consultancy, Other: Grant Funding; Jazz: Consultancy, Other: Grant funding ; janssen: Consultancy, Other: grant funding. Christensen:Novartis: Consultancy, Other: Advisory Board; Incyte: Consultancy, Other: Advisory Board. Gouimi:AMAL: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis Pharma: Consultancy, Other: Advisory Board; Bristol-Myers: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy, Other: funding grant; Takeda: Consultancy; Pfizer: Consultancy. Deekes:Novartis Pharma: Honoraria. Bradley:Quality Health: Employment.
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Avedzi, Hayford, Allison Soprovich, Stephanie Ramage, Abdulrhman Alghamdi, Kate Storey, Jeffrey Johnson, and Steven Johnson. "Healthy Eating and Active Living for Diabetes-Glycemic Index (HEALD-GI): A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 1289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa059_006.
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Abstract Objectives Rigorous evidence is needed to support uptake of recommendations to include low glycemic index (GI) foods in daily meal planning as an effective dietary self-care strategy for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We evaluated the effectiveness of a 12-week web-based GI-targeted nutrition education intervention on dietary intakes and GI-related knowledge among adults with T2D. Methods Participants were randomized to a control group (n = 34) that received standard printed copies of Canada's Food Guide and Diabetes Canada's GI resources or an intervention group (n = 33) that received those same materials, plus an online platform with six self-directed learning modules and supplementary print material. Each module consisted of a customized video, links to reliable websites, chat rooms, and quizzes. Evidence-based GI concept information included GI values of foods and advice for low-GI shopping, recipes, and cooking tips by a Registered Dietitian. Preferred supports through email, text messaging, phone calls, or postal mail to reinforce participants’ learning were also provided. The primary outcome, average daily dietary GI intake, was assessed using 3-day food records. Additional measures including GI knowledge and self-efficacy, glycated hemoglobin A1c, lipids, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference, and computer proficiency, were assessed at baseline and at three months post-intervention. Results Participants (N = 67) were 64% men; mean (standard deviation [SD]) age 69.5 (9.3) years, with mean diabetes duration of 19.0 (13.7) years, BMI 30.1 (5.7) kg/m2 and A1c 7.1 (1.2)% at baseline. Mean daily GI intake decreased in the intervention group by 2.79 (7.77) compared to a 0.76 (6.48) increase in the control group (adjusted mean difference [95% CI]; −3.77 [−6.95, −0.58]). Mean GI knowledge 2.14 [0.59, 3.69], understanding of GI concept 1.65 [0.85, 2.44] and self-efficacy for consuming low-GI foods 1.29 [0.51, 2.07] increased among the intervention group (P < 0.01) compared with the control group. Conclusions Web-based GI-targeted education program improved the quality of carbohydrate consumption among adults with T2D and may have been mediated through increases in knowledge and self-efficacy. Web-based nutrition education may be an effective alternative in this population. Funding Sources Canadian Foundation for Dietetic Research.
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Swain, S., C. Coupland, V. Strauss, C. Mallen, C. F. Kuo, A. Sarmanova, M. Doherty, and W. Zhang. "OP0074 MULTIMORBIDITY CLUSTERS, DETERMINANTS AND TRAJECTORIES IN OSTEOARTHRITIS IN THE UK: FINDINGS FROM THE CLINICAL PRACTICE RESEARCH DATALINK." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 49.1–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1488.
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Background:Multimorbidity (≥2 chronic conditions) escalates the risk of adverse health outcomes. However, its burden in people with osteoarthritis (OA) remains largely unknown.Objectives:To identify the clusters of patients with multimorbidity and associated factors in OA and non-OA populations and to estimate the risk of developing multimorbidity clusters after the index date (after diagnosis).Methods:The study used the Clinical Practice Research Datalink – a primary care database from the UK. Firstly, age, sex and practice matched OA and non-OA people aged 20+ were identified to explore patterns and associations of clusters of multimorbidity within each group. Non-OA controls were assigned with same index date as that of matched OA cases. Secondly, multimorbidity trajectories for 20 years after the index date were examined in people without any comorbidities at baseline in both OA and non-OA groups. Latent class analysis was used to identify clusters and latent class growth modelling was used for cluster trajectories. The associations between clusters and age, sex, body mass index (BMI), alcohol use, smoking habits at baseline were quantified through multinomial logistic regression.Results:In total, 47 long-term conditions were studied in 443,822 people (OA- 221922; non-OA- 221900), with a mean age of 62 years (standard deviation ± 13 years), and 58% being women. The prevalence of multimorbidity was 76.6% and 68.9% in the OA and non-OA groups, respectively. In the OA group five clusters were identified including relatively healthy (18%), ‘cardiovascular (CVD) and musculoskeletal (MSK)’ (12.3%), metabolic syndrome (28.2%), ‘pain and psychological (9.1%), and ‘musculoskeletal’ (32.4%). The non-OA group had similar patterns except that the ‘pain+ psychological’ cluster was replaced by ‘thyroid and psychological’. (Figure 1) Among people with OA, ‘CVD+MSK’ and metabolic syndrome clusters were strongly associated with obesity with a relative risk ratio (RRR) of 2.04 (95% CI 1.95-2.13) and 2.10 (95% CI 2.03-2.17), respectively. Women had four times higher risk of being in the ‘pain+ psychological’ cluster than men when compared to the gender ratio in the healthy cluster, (RRR 4.28; 95% CI 4.09-4.48). In the non-OA group, obesity was significantly associated with all the clusters.Figure 1: Posterior probability distribution of chronic conditions across the clusters in Osteoarthritis (OA, n=221922) and Non-Osteoarthritis (Non-OA, n=221900) group. COPD- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; CVD- Cardiovascular; MSK- MusculoskeletalOA (n=24139) and non-OA (n=24144) groups had five and four multimorbidity trajectory clusters, respectively. Among the OA population, 2.7% had rapid onset of multimorbidity, 9.5% had gradual onset and 11.6% had slow onset, whereas among the non-OA population, there was no rapid onset cluster, 4.6% had gradual onset and 14.3% had slow onset of multimorbidity. (Figure 2)Figure 2: Clusters of multimorbidity trajectories after index date in OA (n=24139) and Non-OA (n=24144)Conclusion:Distinct identified groups in OA and non-OA suggests further research for possible biological linkage within each cluster. The rapid onset of multimorbidity in OA should be considered for chronic disease management.Supported by:Acknowledgments:We would like to thank the University of Nottingham, UK, Beijing Joint Care Foundation, China and Foundation for Research in Rheumatology (FOREUM) for supporting the study.Disclosure of Interests:Subhashisa Swain: None declared, Carol Coupland: None declared, Victoria Strauss: None declared, Christian Mallen Grant/research support from: My department has received financial grants from BMS for a cardiology trial., Chang-Fu Kuo: None declared, Aliya Sarmanova: None declared, Michael Doherty Grant/research support from: AstraZeneca funded the Nottingham Sons of Gout study, Consultant of: Advisory borads on gout for Grunenthal and Mallinckrodt, Weiya Zhang Consultant of: Grunenthal for advice on gout management, Speakers bureau: Bioiberica as an invited speaker for EULAR 2016 satellite symposium
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Ujjani, Chaitra, Anthony R. Mato, Jonathon B. Cohen, Jakub Svoboda, David Andorsky, Andre Goy, Michael L. Wang, et al. "A Prospective Disease Registry of Patients with Mantle Cell Lymphoma Treated with Novel Agents: Treatment Patterns, Outcomes, and Patient-Reported Health-Related Quality of Life." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 5892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-122845.
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Background: Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a heterogeneous and often aggressive malignancy characterized by a varied median overall survival ranging from 2 years to under 10 years based on risk criteria (Hoster E, et al. JCO, 2016). While response rates to front-line chemoimmunotherapy strategies can exceed 90%, patients inevitably relapse. Novel therapies, including Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immunomodulatory agents, have been approved in the relapsed/refractory settings, yet the impact of these agents on outcomes and costs in real world populations are unknown. In an era of rapidly rising costs of therapies for hematologic malignancies, it is important to understand not only treatment patterns with the integration of novel therapies into MCL algorithms but also value, defined as incremental costs per improvement in health outcomes. Accordingly, we have designed a national prospective study of MCL patients who are initiating novel therapy. Methods: This study (NCT03816683) is an observational, prospective cohort study of patients with MCL treated in clinical practice. Eligibility includes persons ages 18 and older who have initiated standard or novel therapy within 3 months of the index enrollment date. 250 patients will be recruited from 50 academic (60%) and community (40%) settings in the United States. Recruitment will occur over 3 years, with a maximum follow-up of 60 months. The primary measures of the registry are to understand treatment patterns and value with novel therapies in MCL. The secondary measures include toxicity and efficacy of these agents when administered outside of a clinical trial and their impact on health-related quality of life and healthcare resource use. The study employs a novel patient portal that will collect patient outcomes and resource utilization over time. Analyses will be conducted from the patient, physician, and payer perspectives. Our hypothesis is that novel agents are cost-effective - as measured by costs per quality-adjusted year of life (QALY) - when used in clinical practice. Outcome measures include health state utilities (EQ-5D), (QLC-C30), survival, and healthcare resource use (HCRU), treatment modification based on adverse events, and grade 3-5 treatment-related adverse events. Uniform price weights (e.g., Medicare reimbursements) will be applied to HCRU to estimate costs. Incremental cost-utility estimates will be calculated both for the within-study period and over a lifetime, the latter using modeling. Conclusions: As the first observational study specifically designed to evaluate the clinical and economic outcomes of novel therapies for MCL in clinical practice, the findings will have high relevance for clinicians, payers, and patients. Disclosures Ujjani: AstraZeneca: Consultancy; Genentech: Consultancy; Rigel: Consultancy; Gilead: Consultancy; Abbvie: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Research Funding. Mato:Celgene: Consultancy; Johnson & Johnson: Consultancy, Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Research Funding; Sunesis: Consultancy, Research Funding; TG Therapeutics: Consultancy, Other: DSMB member , Research Funding; LOXO: Consultancy, Research Funding; DTRM Biopharma: Research Funding; Genentech: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Gilead: Research Funding; Acerta: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy. Cohen:Bristol-Meyers Squibb Company: Research Funding; Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America, Inc.: Research Funding; Gilead/Kite: Consultancy; LAM Therapeutics: Research Funding; UNUM: Research Funding; Hutchison: Research Funding; Astra Zeneca: Research Funding; Lymphoma Research Foundation: Research Funding; ASH: Research Funding; Genentech, Inc.: Consultancy, Research Funding; Janssen Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Seattle Genetics, Inc.: Consultancy, Research Funding. Svoboda:Kite: Consultancy; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Consultancy; Celgene: Research Funding; Kyowa: Consultancy; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Research Funding; BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding; Merck: Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding. Andorsky:AstraZeneca: Consultancy; Genetech: Research Funding; Gilead: Research Funding; CTI: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding. Goy:Takeda: Other: Grants outside of the submitted work; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; University of Nebraska: Research Funding; Hakensackumc: Research Funding; Acerta: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Grants outside of the submitted work, Research Funding; Hackensack University Medical Center, RCCA: Employment; Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Grants outside of the submitted work; Pharmacyclics/Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Grants outside of the submitted work, Research Funding; Astrazenca: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Genentech: Other: Grants outside of the submitted work, Research Funding; COTA: Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: leadership role for profit healthcare company. Wang:Juno Therapeutics: Research Funding; MoreHealth: Consultancy, Equity Ownership; Guidepoint Global: Consultancy; Kite Pharma: Consultancy, Research Funding; Loxo Oncology: Research Funding; Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding; BioInvent: Consultancy, Research Funding; VelosBio: Research Funding; Aviara: Research Funding; Dava Oncology: Honoraria; Acerta Pharma: Consultancy, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Pharmacyclics: Honoraria, Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. Kumar:Pharmacyclics: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Astra Zeneca: Other: Steering Committee for MCL Registry ; Adaptive Biotechnologies: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Research Funding; Abbvie Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding. Dawson:AstraZeneca: Employment, Equity Ownership. Elesinmogun:AstraZeneca: Employment, Equity Ownership. Kabadi:AstraZeneca: Employment, Equity Ownership. Seal:AstraZeneca: Employment, Equity Ownership. Pagel:Pharmacyclics: Consultancy; AstraZeneca: Consultancy; Gilead Sciences: Consultancy. Ramsey:ASCO Quality: Other: $1500 honorarium that he will receive as a speaker at.
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Fagiolini, Andrea, David J. Kupfer, John Scott, Holly A. Swartz, David Cook, Danielle M. Novick, and Ellen Frank. "Hypothyroidism in patients with Bipolar I Disorder treated primarily with lithium." Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 15, no. 2 (June 2006): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00004322.
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SUMMARYAims – This study evaluated the frequency and clinical significance of abnormal Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and Free Thyroxine Index (FTI) in patients with bipolar I disorder treated primarily with lithium. Method – We evaluated the medical records of 143 participants in the Pittsburgh study of Maintenance Therapies in Bipolar Disorder who did not have a thyroid abnormality at entry. Results – Thirty-six percent of the 143 patients developed abnormal TSH and/or FTI values. Thirty-eight percent of the 135 patients who received lithium developed abnormal TSH and/or FTI, spent significantly longer time in the acute treatment phase (t = -3.6, df = 133, p = .0004), and had significantly higher mean Hamilton Scale for Depression scores over the course of the maintenance phase (t = -2.3, df = 71.6, p = .03). Time on lithium and development of abnormal TSH and/or FTI were positively correlated (r = .25, p = .004). Conclusions – Thyroid dysfunction can be frequent in patients exposed to lithium treatment for bipolar I disorder; it also appears to be correlated with a slower response to acute treatment, and may be related to poorer quality of long-term remission. A prospective study is needed to confirm our findings and determine whether more aggressive thyroid replacement can optimize thyroid function to facilitate clinical recovery.Declaration of Interest: Supported in part by National Institute of Mental Health Grants MH 029618 (Drs. Frank and Fagiolini) and MH 030915 (Drs. Kupfer and Fagiolini), and the Bosin Memorial Fund of The Pittsburgh Foundation (Drs. Fagiolini, Kupfer, Cook, Scott, Novick and Frank). Dr. Fagiolini is on the advisory board and a consultant to Pfizer Inc, and Bristol Myers Squibb, and is on the speaker bureau of Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly Italy, Pfizer Inc, and Shire. Dr. Frank is on the advisory board of Pfizer Inc. and Eli Lilly & Company, and is a consultant to Pfizer Italia and Sender Amerique. Dr. Kupfer is on the advisory board of Pfizer, Inc., Forest Pharmaceuticals, Inc., and Solvay-Wyeth Pharmaceuticals, and is a consultant to Servier Amerique.
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Pedersen, Hanne, Kristine Beaulieu, Marit E. Jørgensen, Kristine Færch, Lotte Lauritzen, Jack Lewis, Graham Finlayson, and Jonas S. Quist. "Food Preferences in a Greenlandic Population." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab038_052.
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Abstract Objectives The overall aim was to describe food reward in an Inuit population in Greenland. More specifically, the objective was to first test the differences in food reward for sweet relative to savory food (taste bias) after four weeks on a traditionally Inuit diet (TID) vs a Westernized diet (WD). If no differences in taste bias were found between diet groups, we aimed to describe food reward in a pooled sample (median [IQR]). We hypothesized that participants would have higher preferences for sweet compared to savory foods. Methods After a dietary intervention in Greenland (20% of foods provided), we measured behavioral components of food reward using the Leeds Food Preference Questionnaire. The reward components, explicit liking and implicit wanting, were measured in response to images of Western foods varying in fat content and taste after four weeks on either TID or WD. A positive bias score reflected preference for sweet over savory, and oppositely a negative bias score reflected preference for savory over sweet foods. Results Participant characteristics were similar in the two diet groups (age (mean (SD): TID = 58.1 (11.5) vs. WD = 55.4 (9.5) years); sex: TID = 50% vs. WD = 54% women; body mass index (mean (SD): TID = 26.6 (5.5) vs. WD = 27.9 (4.7) kg/m2). In these preliminary, unadjusted analyses, we found no differences in explicit liking (P = 0.77) or implicit wanting (P = 0.70) bias score for sweet over savory foods after four weeks following either TID (n = 26) or WID (n = 24). Altogether, participants in the two diet groups had a greater explicit liking (−11.5 [−19.9; −2.8]) and implicit wanting (−21.6 [−44.2; −5.2]) for savory compared to sweet foods. Conclusions This is the first study to examine explicit and implicit aspects of food reward in an Inuit population. Contrary to our hypothesis, this population did not prefer sweet over savory Western foods. Funding Sources The study was supported by unrestricted grants from The Novo Nordisk Foundation. Royal Greenland and the supermarket chains Kalaallit Nunaanni Brugseni & Pilersuisoq supported the study with foods and food logistics.
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Viner, Russell M., Sanjay Kinra, Deborah Christie, Tim J. Cole, Silvia Costa, Helen Croker, Tam Fry, et al. "Improving the assessment and management of obesity in UK children and adolescents: the PROMISE research programme including a RCT." Programme Grants for Applied Research 8, no. 3 (March 2020): 1–264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/pgfar08030.
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Background Five linked studies were undertaken to inform identified evidence gaps in the childhood obesity pathway. Objectives (1) To scope the impact of the National Child Measurement Programme (NCMP) (study A). (2) To develop a brief evidence-based electronic assessment and management tool (study B). (3) To develop evidence-based algorithms for identifying the risk of obesity comorbidities (study B). (4) To conduct an efficacy trial of the Healthy Eating and Lifestyle Programme (HELP) (study C). (5) To improve the prescribing of anti-obesity drugs in UK adolescents (study D). (6) To investigate the safety, outcomes and predictors of outcome of adolescent bariatric surgery in the UK (study E). Methods Five substudies – (1) a parental survey before and after feedback from the National Childhood Measurement Programme, (2) risk algorithm development and piloting of a new primary care management tool, (3) a randomised controlled trial of the Healthy Eating and Lifestyle Programme, (4) quantitative and qualitative studies of anti-obesity drug treatment in adolescents and (5) a prospective clinical audit and cost-effectiveness evaluation of adolescent bariatric surgery in one centre. Results Study A – before the National Childhood Measurement Programme feedback, three-quarters of parents of overweight and obese children did not recognise their child to be overweight. Eighty-seven per cent of parents found the National Childhood Measurement Programme feedback to be helpful. Feedback had positive effects on parental knowledge, perceptions and intentions. Study B – risk estimation models for cardiovascular and psychosocial comorbidities of obesity require further development. An online consultation tool for primary care practitioners is acceptable and feasible. Study C – the Healthy Eating and Lifestyle Programme, when delivered in the community by graduate mental health workers, showed no significant effect on body mass index at 6 months (primary outcome) when compared with enhanced usual care. Study D – anti-obesity drugs appear efficacious in meta-analysis, and their use has expanded rapidly in the last decade. However, the majority of prescriptions are rapidly discontinued after 1–3 months of treatment. Few young people described positive experiences of anti-obesity drugs. Prescribing was rarely compliant with the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidance. Study E – bariatric surgery appears safe, effective and highly cost-effective in adolescents in the NHS. Future work and limitations Work is needed to evaluate behaviour and body mass index change in the National Childhood Measurement Programme more accurately and improve primary care professionals’ understanding of the National Childhood Measurement Programme feedback, update and further evaluate the Computer-Assisted Treatment of CHildren (CATCH) tool, investigate delivery of weight management interventions to young people from deprived backgrounds and those with significant psychological distress and obtain longer-term data on anti-obesity drug use and bariatric surgery outcomes in adolescence. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN99840111. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Programme Grants for Applied Research programme and will be published in full in Programme Grants for Applied Research; Vol. 8, No. 3. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Ioannidis, Konstantinos, Roxanne Hook, Anna E. Goudriaan, Simon Vlies, Naomi A. Fineberg, Jon E. Grant, and Samuel R. Chamberlain. "Cognitive deficits in problematic internet use: meta-analysis of 40 studies." British Journal of Psychiatry 215, no. 5 (February 20, 2019): 639–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2019.3.
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BackgroundExcessive use of the internet is increasingly recognised as a global public health concern. Individual studies have reported cognitive impairment in problematic internet use (PIU), but have suffered from various methodological limitations. Confirmation of cognitive deficits in PIU would support the neurobiological plausibility of this disorder.AimsTo conduct a rigorous meta-analysis of cognitive performance in PIU from case–control studies; and to assess the impact of study quality, the main type of online behaviour (for example gaming) and other parameters on the findings.MethodA systematic literature review was conducted of peer-reviewed case–controlled studies comparing cognition in people with PIU (broadly defined) with that of healthy controls. Findings were extracted and subjected to a meta-analysis where at least four publications existed for a given cognitive domain of interest.ResultsThe meta-analysis comprised 2922 participants across 40 studies. Compared with controls, PIU was associated with significant impairment in inhibitory control (Stroop task Hedge's g = 0.53 (s.e. = 0.19–0.87), stop-signal task g = 0.42 (s.e. = 0.17–0.66), go/no-go task g = 0.51 (s.e. = 0.26–0.75)), decision-making (g = 0.49 (s.e. = 0.28–0.70)) and working memory (g = 0.40 (s.e. = 0.20–0.82)). Whether or not gaming was the predominant type of online behaviour did not significantly moderate the observed cognitive effects; nor did age, gender, geographical area of reporting or the presence of comorbidities.ConclusionsPIU is associated with decrements across a range of neuropsychological domains, irrespective of geographical location, supporting its cross-cultural and biological validity. These findings also suggest a common neurobiological vulnerability across PIU behaviours, including gaming, rather than a dissimilar neurocognitive profile for internet gaming disorder.Declaration of interestS.R.C. consults for Cambridge Cognition and Shire. K.I.’s research activities were supported by Health Education East of England Higher Training Special interest sessions. A.E.G.'s research has been funded by Innovational grant (VIDI-scheme) from ZonMW: (91713354). N.A.F. has received research support from Lundbeck, Glaxo-SmithKline, European College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ECNP), Servier, Cephalon, Astra Zeneca, Medical Research Council (UK), National Institute for Health Research, Wellcome Foundation, University of Hertfordshire, EU (FP7) and Shire. N.A.F. has received honoraria for lectures at scientific meetings from Abbott, Otsuka, Lundbeck, Servier, Astra Zeneca, Jazz pharmaceuticals, Bristol Myers Squibb, UK College of Mental Health Pharmacists and British Association for Psychopharmacology (BAP). N.A.F. has received financial support to attend scientific meetings from RANZCP, Shire, Janssen, Lundbeck, Servier, Novartis, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cephalon, International College of Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders, International Society for Behavioral Addiction, CINP, IFMAD, ECNP, BAP, the World Health Organization and the Royal College of Psychiatrists. N.A.F. has received financial royalties for publications from Oxford University Press and payment for editorial duties from Taylor and Francis. J.E.G. reports grants from the National Center for Responsible Gaming, Forest Pharmaceuticals, Takeda, Brainsway, and Roche and others from Oxford Press, Norton, McGraw-Hill and American Psychiatric Publishing outside of the submitted work.
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Kufe, Nyuyki Clement, Maphoko Masemola, Tinashe Chikowore, Andre Pascal Kengne, Tommy Olsson, Julia H. Goedecke, and Lisa K. Micklesfield. "Protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of sex hormones and diabetes risk in ageing men and women of African ancestry." BMJ Open 9, no. 1 (January 2019): e024446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024446.
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AimTo present the protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis of the available evidence examining the association between sex hormones and type 2 diabetes risk in ageing men and women of African descent.MethodsWe shall conduct a comprehensive search of published studies that examined the association between sex hormones and type 2 diabetes risk in men and women aged ≥40 years from 01/01/1980 to 31/03/2018 with no language restriction. Databases to be searched include: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, ISI Web of Science, Clinical Trial registries, Google Scholar and institutional websites such as the WHO, American Diabetes Association, International Diabetes Federation, World Diabetes Foundation, European Association for the Study of Diabetes, African Journal Online and ProQuest databases. This protocol is developed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols guidelines. Independent screening for eligible studies using defined criteria and data extraction, will be completed in duplicate. Discrepancies will be resolved by consensus or consultation with a third researcher. Risk of bias of included studies will be assessed by the appropriate Cochrane risk of bias tool. The overall association estimates will be pooled using appropriate meta-analytic techniques. Heterogeneity will be assessed using Cochrane Q statistic and the inconsistency index (I2). The random effects model will be used to calculate a pooled estimate.Ethics and disseminationNo ethics clearance is required as no primary data will be collected. The systematic review and meta-analysis are part of a PhD project at WITS University (Johannesburg, South Africa) and results will be presented at conferences and published in a peer-review journal. The results will guide future population specific interventions.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017074581.