Journal articles: 'Foundation strips'

1

Birinci, Ahmet, Mehmet Çakıroğlu, and Ragıp Erdöl. "Two Strips Problem Resting on an Elastic Foundation." Mathematical and Computational Applications 7, no. 3 (2002): 275–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mca7030275.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Xirouchakis, Paul C., and George N. Makrakis. "Edge Crack in an Elastic Strip on a Liquid Foundation." Journal of Ship Research 33, no. 03 (1989): 214–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.1989.33.3.214.

Full text

Abstract:

The behavior of a long elastic strip with an edge crack resting on a liquid foundation is investigated. The faces of the crack are opened by an applied pressure loading. The deformation of the strip is considered within the framework of the linear theory of elasticity assuming plane-stress conditions. Fourier transform techniques are employed to obtain integral expressions for the stresses and displacements. The boundary-value problem is reduced to the solution of a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind. For the particular case of linear pressure loading, the stress-intensity factor is calculated and its dependence is shown on the depth of the crack relative to the thickness of the strip. Application of the present results to the problem of flexure of floating ice strips is discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Olchawa, Andrzej, and Andrzej Zawalski. "Comparison of shallow foundation design using Eurocode 7 and Polish Standard." Journal of Water and Land Development 20, no. 1 (2014): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jwld-2014-0007.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Bearing capacity of cohesive soils was calculated based on PN-B-03020:1981P and Eurocode 7. Strength parameters of cohesive soil modified by the authors: shear strength in undrained conditions cu, effective cohesion c' and effective friction angle φ' were adopted for calculations acc. to Eurocode 7. Values of these parameters depend on a leading parameter - liquidity index IL. Bearing capacity was calculated for two pad foundations of a size B × L = 2.0 × 3.0 m and 1.5 × 2.0 m and for one 2.0 × 14.0 m strip foundation. The capacity calculated acc. to EC 7 was reduced by multiplying by a factor α = 0.87 to account for different bearing capacity coefficients in Polish Norms and Eurocodes. Performed calculations showed comparable bearing capacity of substratum irrespective of adopted norms EC 7 and PN for foundation pads. In all analysed cases, however, the bearing capacity of foundation strips calculated acc. to Eurocode 7 was higher than those calculated acc. to PN-B-03020:1981P. The reason is in the values and ways of accounting partial security coefficients and in differences in the values of shape coefficients used in the equation for ultimate bearing resistance of soil substratum.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Rowe, R. Kerry, and Brian L. J. Mylleville. "The stability of embankments reinforced with steel." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 30, no. 5 (1993): 768–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t93-069.

Full text

Abstract:

The undrained behaviour of embankments constructed on soft cohesive deposits is examined for the case where the embankment is reinforced using steel strips. A finite-element analysis that considers plastic failure of the fill and the foundation, pullout of steel strips, and potential yield of the reinforcement is used to demonstrate how steel reinforcement can improve embankment stability. The effect of strip spacing on the mode of failure and embankment stability is examined for a range of soil strength profiles that involve an increase in undrained shear strength with depth. A simple approach for the analysis of steel-reinforced embankments is proposed and illustrated by means of a worked example. A design based on these simple considerations of bearing capacity and limit equilibrium is then checked against the results of a full finite-element analysis of the problem and found to be slightly conservative. Key words : reinforcement, steel strips, finite element, limit equilibrium, soft soil, undrained stability.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Tian, Ya Qin, Zhi Bing Chu, Qing Xue Huang, Jin Bao Li, and Jian Ping Qin. "Finite Element Analysis of Pressure Coiled Forming Process to Taper Weld Pipe." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 2890–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.2890.

Full text

Abstract:

In order to reveal the deformation laws and characteristics of steel strips during the pressure coiled forming process, the stress-strain and contact force distribution of strips during the process were analyzed by the finite element ANSYS Software: the steel strips have strain along their length; strain ratios on both sides are slightly higher than that of the middle part; the equivalent force and the normal contact force in the strips are discrete distributed in the whole molding process. Compared with the corresponding experimental results, the macro experimental phenomena are basically consistent with the finite element numerical analysis rule, which provides the theoretical foundation and practical guidance for designing reasonable spiral pipe forming units.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Sobhan, Khaled, and Mehedy Mashnad. "Fatigue Behavior of a Pavement Foundation with Recycled Aggregate and Waste HDPE Strips." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 129, no. 7 (2003): 630–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2003)129:7(630).

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Wang, Yu Hua, Bei Bei Wang, Pei Chi, and Jun Dong. "Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Masonry Wall Strengthened with Steel Strips." Advanced Materials Research 838-841 (November 2013): 284–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.838-841.284.

Full text

Abstract:

The finite element analysis method was adopted to simulate the masonry wall strengthened with steel strips and was verified by comparing with test results. The influence rules of two factors including the cross sectional area of steel strips and vertical compression were investigated. The results show that, as for unreinforced masonry wall, the relationship of the shear capacity of unreinforced masonry wall and the vertical compressive strain is linear under lateral load; the speed of stiffness degeneration is accelerated after the peak point of the curves, but decrease with the increasing of lateral displacement. As for masonry wall strengthened with steel strips, the shear capacity increases significantly, and shows nonlinear relationship with the cross section area of the steel strips and vertical compression; ductility is improved. Finally, a computational formula of shear capacity based on a lot of parametric analysis is proposed to calculate the sectional dimension of steel strips, and it provides theoretical foundation for establishing thorough design method of masonry wall strengthened with steel strips.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Sobhan, Khaled, and Mehedy Mashnad. "Fatigue Damage in Roller-Compacted Pavement Foundation with Recycled Aggregate and Waste Plastic Strips." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1798, no. 1 (2002): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1798-02.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Sun, Ying Zhi, Guo Qiang Li, and Fei Fei Sun. "Experimental Study on a Steel-Tube Damper." Key Engineering Materials 763 (February 2018): 369–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.763.369.

Full text

Abstract:

The steel-tube damper is composed of two parts: the inner component inside the tube and the outer seamless steel-tube with the energy dissipation steel strips. The two parts are connected by plug welding and fillet welding. The yield bearing capacity of the steel strips is lower than the stability bearing capacity of both inner I-section component and outer seamless steel-tube. As the load increases, the steel strips will yield first and dissipate the input energy withholding the buckling of the inner I-section component and the seamless steel-tube. In order to further determine its mechanical property, three groups of specimens with steel strips of different aspect ratio were designed, and the hysteretic loading tests were carried out. It was found from the tests that: 1) The hysteresis curves of the damper were full and the energy dissipation capacity was good; 2) Specimens with steel strips of small aspect ratio had larger stiffness, yield bearing capacity and energy dissipation capability per cycle. 3) Specimens with steel strips of small aspect ratio had worse low cycle fatigue performance compared with the ones with steel strips of larger aspect ratio. This study provides a foundation for further research and application of such dampers.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Mohamed, Mahmoud, Mohd Ahmed, and Javed Mallick. "An Experimental Study of Nailed Soil Slope Models: Effects of Building Foundation and Soil Characteristics." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16 (2021): 7735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11167735.

Full text

Abstract:

A soil nailing system is a proven effective and economic method used to stabilize earth slopes from the external (factors increasing the shear stress) and internal (factors decreasing material strength) failure causes. The laboratory models with scales of 1:10 are used to study the behavior of nailed soil slope with different soil and building foundation parameters. The models consist of Perspex strips as facing and steel bars as a nailing system to increase the stability of the soil slope. The models of sand beds are formed using an automatic sand raining system. Devices and instruments are installed to monitor the behavior of soil-nailed slope during and after construction. The effect of the soil type, soil slope angle, foundation width and position on the force mobilized in the nail, lateral displacement of the slope, settlement of the foundation and the earth pressure at the slope face, under and behind the soil mass at various foundation pressures, has been observed. It is found that the increase of soil density reduces both slopes facing displacement and building foundation settlements. The slope face displacement and footing settlement will increase with an increase in the width of the foundation and foundation position near the crest of the slope.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Soden, P. D. "Indentation of composite sandwich beams." Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design 31, no. 5 (1996): 353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/03093247v315353.

Full text

Abstract:

Indentation of a sandwich beam is analysed as linear elastic bending of the top skin on a rigid-perfectly plastic foundation (the core). The theoretical predictions of fracture load from this simple theory are shown to be in good agreement with experimental results from indentation tests on strips of sandwich panel, with glass-fibre-reinforced plastic skins and foam core, supported on a rigid base.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Liu, Jinglei, Guishuai Feng, Jian Zhang, Xiaoyu Zhao, Chuanqing Yu, and Min Zhao. "Vibration Isolation Mechanism of Concrete Piles for Rayleigh Waves on Sand Foundations." Shock and Vibration 2018 (December 12, 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6285491.

Full text

Abstract:

To study the propagation characteristics of Rayleigh waves and the isolation mechanism of a single-row of piles by isolation effects, in this paper we draw a two-dimensional contour map of ζ (normalized acceleration amplitude relative to a measure close at the vibration source) using a vibration test carried out on a sand foundation. In this experiment, we study, in addition to the free field and the single pile cases, settings with two and three piles. The result shows that the vibration caused by the point source in the free field excites Rayleigh waves in a radial direction along the surface of the foundation. Meanwhile, the vibrations of the points along the propagation path on the surface of the foundation are gradually weakened. There is a steady transition when the ζ drops to 0.6 and a placid decline when ζ decreases to less than 0.25. The vibration-shielded region, the strengthened region, and the strengthened strips will appear on the surface of the foundation. The vibration-shielded region is located behind the piles, and the region presents a trumpet-shaped area that takes the pile as the vertex. Increasing the quantity of piles contributes to increasing the vibration isolation effect, not only that involving the degree of isolation but also for the area of the shielded area. The vibration-strengthened regions include the diffraction regions at the pile corners on both sides of the single-row of piles and the scattering region at the gaps of the piles. In addition, the composite regions are located among the vibration source and the scattering and diffraction-strengthened regions. Increasing the number of piles has little influence on the scattering and diffraction-strengthened regions but can significantly enhance the vibrations of the composite regions. In general, the vibration-strengthened strips are connected with the scattering-strengthened regions. However, in the test of a single pile, the pile is connected to the diffraction-strengthened regions near its two anterior angles.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Consoli, Nilo Cesar, Luciano Pivoto Specht, and Jorge Augusto Pereira Ceratti. "Discussion of “Fatigue Behavior of a Pavement Foundation with Recycled Aggregate and Waste HDPE Strips” by Khaled Sobhan and Mehedy Mashnad." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 131, no. 1 (2005): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2005)131:1(136).

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Sobhan, Khaled, and Mehedy Mashnad. "Closure to “Fatigue Behavior of a Pavement Foundation with Recycled Aggregate and Waste HDPE Strips” by Khaled Sobhan and Mehedy Mashnad." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 131, no. 1 (2005): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2005)131:1(137).

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Zhang, Gui Ying, and Zhi Qiang Wang. "Damage Evaluation of Lead-Free Solder Joints Based on Micro-Electrical-Resistance Strain Measurement." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 1038–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.1038.

Full text

Abstract:

The relationship between the micro-electrical-resistance strain and the damage was obtained via the theoretical formula deduction, which provides a theoretical foundation for the feasibility of measuring solder joints’ damage based on micro-electrical-resistance strain. Single shear lap creep specimens with a 1 mm2 cross sectional area between thin copper strips were fabricated using lead-free solder (Sn-3.5Ag) to quantify their micro-electrical-resistance strain with in situ micro-electrical-resistance strain measurement under the shear tensile loading. The results showed that the micro-electrical-resistance strain of the solder joints had two stages at the room temperature. And it increased slowly with an almost linear growth trend at the first stage but increased quickly with an almost exponential growth trend at the second stage. The creep damage curves were very similar with the classic creep damage curve.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Vallabhan, C. V. Girija, and R. Panneer Selvam. "A Computer Model for Stress Analysis of Spherically Curved Solar Panels." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 107, no. 4 (1985): 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3267693.

Full text

Abstract:

Spherically curved solar reflectors consist of a thin glass plate elastically bent to form a spherical surface, glued onto a honeycomb backing, and covered with steel plates at the back and with plastic strips on the sides. Nonlinear Von Karman plate equations are used to analyze the induced stresses in the glass plate as its deflections become large. The analysis consists of evaluation of stresses due to bending and membrane forces during the forming of the spherical surface, along with the calculation of edge moments and the transverse loads due to molds. The interaction of the plate with the honeycomb is analyzed assuming that the plate is resting on an elastic foundation (honeycomb), where the edge moments and the transverse forces calculated earlier are released. The results are compared with other available solutions as well as experimental data.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Gajewska, Beata, Marcin Gajewski, and Zbigniew Lechowicz. "Parametric Studies of the Load Transfer Platform Reinforcement Interaction with Columns." Materials 14, no. 14 (2021): 4015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14144015.

Full text

Abstract:

When designing embankments on a soft ground improved with columns (rigid inclusions) and with a geosynthetically reinforced load transfer platform (LTP), the methods of determining strains in reinforcement reduce the spatial problem to a two-dimensional one, and analytical calculations are carried out for reinforcement strips in the directions along and across the embankment. In addition, the two-dimensional FEM models do not allow for a complete analysis of the behavior of the reinforcement material. The aim of this research was to analyze the work of the membrane in the 3D space modeling of the LTP reinforcement, depending on the interaction with the column, the shape of the column’s cap, the value of the Poisson’s ratio, the value of the stiffness of the elastic foundation (subgrade reaction k) modeling of the soft soil resistance between the columns and the load distribution over membranes that model the reinforcement. The membranes were modeled in the framework of the theory of large deformations using the finite element method and slender shell elements as three-dimensional objects. This modeling method allowed for the analysis of the behavior of the LTP reinforcement in various directions. The conducted analyses showed, among others, that in the absence of soil resistance between the columns, regardless of the shape of the cap (square, circle), the greatest strains are located near the edge of the cap in the diagonal direction between the columns.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Lastovka, Anatoly, Tamara Danchenko, Nadezhda Klinduh, and Maria Berseneva. "Methods of calculating the belt foundation on the elastic ground base of winkler type." E3S Web of Conferences 135 (2019): 01048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913501048.

Full text

Abstract:

Strip foundations on an elastic soil foundation and on a Winkler-type elastic foundation were used in the construction of buildings and structures from the most common types of shallow foundations. The article presents the results of studies related to the analysis of the features of the formation of structural solutions of strip foundations. It was found that various aspects associated with the development of multifactor mathematical models that determine the design parameters and modern regulatory requirements, provide conditions for not exceeding the limiting conditions of structures and soil base. It improves the functional quality indicators of strip foundations. Based on the results of the study, the need to study the possibilities of using strip foundations (beams on an elastic base) was identified, and the main provisions of the model of a Winkler-type soil base (with one, two and three bed coefficients) were considered. An algorithm is developed for determining the initial parameters and numerical solution of boundary value problems. The prospects of a shallow foundation model with a variable cross section or a beam of finite length with variable stiffness, which is accepted as one of the options for modifying a typical structural solution of a strip foundation, are shown.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Ji, Ce, Huagui Huang, Yifeng Sun, Chaoqun Zhang, Lin Gao, and Shangbin Zhang. "Research on flow rate engineering calculation model of U-pipes for fabricating transverse variable profiled (TVP) strips by simulation and experiment." Metallurgical Research & Technology 117, no. 6 (2020): 604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2020057.

Full text

Abstract:

Transverse variable profiled (TVP) strips have significant lightweight and functional characteristics due to the nonuniform section, but need to be cooled nonuniformly in order to obtain the uniform microstructure and performance. Hence, it has become the consensus of the industry to develop new on-line cooling equipment that can adjust and control the cooling capacity along the width direction (WD). Therefore, a multi-functional test platform was designed based on the U-pipes used in the industrial runout table cooling process. A steady-state Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model was built based on the Fluent software, and the influence of the main pipe inlet pressure, U-pipe inner diameter, restrictor ring thickness, and restrictor ring inner diameter was analyzed. The results indicate that the flow rate increases as the U-pipe inner diameter increase when there is no restrictor ring, and the result is contrary when there is a restrictor ring. The influence of main pipe inlet pressure, restrictor ring thickness, and restrictor ring inner diameter on the flow rate is monotonic. Besides, the restrictor ring inner diameter has a wide flow rate adjusting range and has little impact on the equipment structure, which helps to reduce the reconstruction cost. Finally, considering the influence of geometric parameters, the flow rate engineering calculation models of the U-pipe were derived and verified, which lays the theoretical foundation to customize the flow rate distribution along the WD at the design stage.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Абжалимов, Раис, and Rais Abzhalimov. "The pattern of distribution of vertical stress of swelling of soil under foundations and underground structures." Construction and Architecture 4, no. 3 (2016): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21848.

Full text

Abstract:

Examines the pattern of distribution of vertical stress of swelling of soil under foundations and underground structures, stress-strain state (VAT) system, &#34;swelling soil-Foundation - structure&#34; for the strip Foundation and VAT for a square Foundation when uneven wetting of the Foundation soil. Provides recommendations for selection of type of foundations on swelling soils.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Cohen-Gadol, Aaron A., and Dennis D. Spencer. "Harvey W. Cushing and cerebrovascular surgery: Part I, aneurysms." Journal of Neurosurgery 101, no. 3 (2004): 547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.2004.101.3.0547.

Full text

Abstract:

✓ The development of surgical techniques for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms has paralleled the evolution of the specialty of neurological surgery. During the Cushing era, intracranial aneurysms were considered inoperable and only ligation of the carotid artery was performed. Cushing understood the limitations of this approach and advised the need for a more thorough understanding of aneurysm pathology before further consideration could be given to the surgical treatment of cerebral aneurysms. Despite his focus on brain tumors, Cushing's contributions to the discipline of neurovascular surgery are of great importance. With the assistance of Sir Charles Symonds, Cushing described the syndrome of subarachnoid hemorrhage. He considered inserting muscle strips into cerebral aneurysms to promote aneurysm sac thrombosis and designed the “silver clip,” which was modified by McKenzie and later used by Dandy to clip the first intracranial aneurysm. Cushing was the first surgeon to wrap aneurysms in muscle fragments to prevent recurrent hemorrhage. He established the foundation on which pioneers such as Norman Dott and Walter Dandy launched the modern era of neurovascular surgery.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Zhang, Ling, Jing Zhang, Jun Zhai, et al. "Autotransplantation of the ovarian cortex after in-vitro activation for infertility treatment: a shortened procedure." Human Reproduction 36, no. 8 (2021): 2134–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deab143.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract STUDY QUESTION Is it possible to establish a new in-vitro activation (IVA) protocol for infertility treatment? SUMMARY ANSWER A new IVA procedure is an efficient and easily performed approach for infertility treatment of patients with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR). WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY IVA of primordial follicles with or without stimulators has been developed to treat patients with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) successfully. However, the efficiency of the procedure is still very low. There is a requirement to optimize the protocol with increased efficiency for clinical application. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Newborn mouse ovaries were used to establish a new 1-h IVA protocol with the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) stimulator phosphatidic acid (PA, 200 µM) and the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) stimulator 740Y-P (250 µg/ml); a prospective observational cohort study in POI patients was performed on 15 POI patients and 3 poor ovarian response (POR) patients in three different centers of reproductive medicine in China. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS One-third of ovarian cortex was removed and processed into bigger strips (1 × 1 cm2, 1–2 mm thickness). Strips were then sutured back after treatment. The new approach only requires one laparoscopic surgery. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Follicular activation and development increased in cultured mouse and human ovarian tissues after 1 h of stimulator treatment. Compared with tiny ovarian cortex pieces (1 × 1 mm2), large ovarian strips (1 × 1 cm2) showed the lowest apoptotic signals after incubation. We applied the orthotropic transplantation procedure with large strips in the clinic, and 9 of 15 POI patients showed at least one-wave follicular growth during the monitoring period. One patient was reported with one healthy delivery after natural conception and another patient with a healthy singleton delivery after IVF. All the contacted patients (n = 13) responded with no side effects on their health 2–4 years after IVA procedure. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Further clinical trials with a large number of well-defined patients are required to compare different IVA protocols. A long-term follow-up system should be set up to monitor patient’s health in the future cohort study. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS By using stimulators, the findings in the study provide a more efficient IVA protocol for the treatment of patients with DOR. It requires only one laparoscopic surgery and thus minimizes patients’ discomfort and costs. This strategy could be useful for patients diagnosed with POI and desire pregnancy as soon as possible after the operation. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFC1003703 and 2018YFC1004203); the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81871221); Co-construction of Provincial Department (201601006). The authors have no conflict of interest to disclose. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ChiCTR2000030872.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Архипов, Дмитрий, Dmitriy Arkhipov, Сергей Евтушенко, Sergey Evtushenko, Геннадий Скибин, and Gennadiy Skibin. "Field research of a wedge-shaped core on the models of the strip foundations with variable geometric shape." Construction and Architecture 2, no. 1 (2014): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/3382.

Full text

Abstract:

Many authors noted in the field research on the models of rigid foundations that a compacted wedge-shaped core of soil is formed with the destruction of the bases, which is a natural extension of the foundation. In the research of the strip foundation model with variable geometric shape of the foundation base, a compaction soil area of spherical shape with a diameter close to the width of the foundation model is found on a sand base. A wedge-shaped core, along the edges of which there has been a shift in mass of the base when achieving the ultimate loading, has been noted in a compaction soil area. The solid part of the foundation base is the compacted wedge-shaped core base, the height of the wedge-shaped core being commensurate with the length of the elements forming the foundation. Identified geometric parameters of compacted core under the foundation base of strip foundation with geometrically variable shape can be used in determining the ultimate bearing capacity of soil of the base for such foundations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Rosenbaugh, Scott K., Jennifer D. Schmidt, and Ronald K. Faller. "Development of Socketed Foundatio for Cable Guardrail Posts." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2521, no. 1 (2015): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2521-14.

Full text

Abstract:

This study developed socketed foundations for two cable guardrail posts, the S3×5.7 and the Midwest weak post (MWP). The design efforts focused on developing cylindrical, reinforced concrete foundations with a steel tube embedded in the top center to create a socket. Foundations were designed to minimize damage and limit foundation displacements to less than 1 in. Satisfying these criteria ensured that damaged barrier posts could be replaced without the need for repairing or resetting the foundation. The foundations were evaluated for three soil types (weak soil, strong soil, and an asphalt mow strip) to gain an understanding of the link between soil conditions and foundation performance. Fourteen dynamic component tests were conducted on socketed foundation designs. Three socketed foundation options were developed for use with S3×5.7 posts: a 12-in.-diameter foundation in soil, a 15-in.-diameter foundation in soil, and a 12-in.-diameter foundation in asphalt. The S3×5.7 post foundations in soil with 12-in.-diameter sockets were found to be susceptible to concrete shear cracking and fracture, but they remain an option for those who can accept the risks of minor damage during severe impacts. The 15-in.-diameter foundations and those placed in asphalt had no indication of damage. Further, the reduced strength of MWPs resulted in no visible damage to 12-in.-diameter foundations. Guidelines based on site soil conditions and frost line depth were developed for the embedment depth of each foundation–post combination required for resistance to excessive displacements.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Shen, Zhao Wu, Zhen Min Yang, and Ya Min Zhang. "Research on Analysis and Design Method of the Pile-Raft Foundation with Post-Cast Concrete Strip." Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (January 2012): 1541–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.1541.

Full text

Abstract:

In order to analysis post-cast concrete strip influence to the pile-raft foundation, it has been taken to developed C++ program that is Poulos displacement solution calculating pile-soil stiffness and thick plank theory analyzing raft stiffness. Taking a frame and shear wall structure for example, it has been calculated to pile-raft foundation whether setting up post-cast strip or not that is foundation settlement, moment and so on. Results indicate that post-cast concrete strip is minutely influence to the pile foundation displacement and moment and not the control factor to this kind of pile foundation’s design. It gives some good references to similar structure analysis and can instruct this kind of pile-raft foundation design and construction

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Lemmen, H. E. "The influence of foundation stiffness on the behaviour of surface strip foundations on sand." Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering 59, no. 2 (2017): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2309-8775/2017/v59n2a3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Shaldykova, Assel, Sung-Woo Moon, Jong Kim, Deuckhang Lee, Taeseo Ku, and Askar Zhussupbekov. "Comparative Analysis of Kazakhstani and European Approaches for the Design of Shallow Foundations." Applied Sciences 10, no. 8 (2020): 2920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10082920.

Full text

Abstract:

The design of shallow foundations is performed in accordance with different building regulations depending on geotechnical and geological conditions. This paper involves the design calculations applying Kazakhstani and European approaches. The design of shallow foundations in Nur-Sultan city in Kazakhstan was implemented by the calculation of bearing capacity and elastic settlement in accordance with the design procedures provided in SP RK 5.01-102-2013: Foundations of buildings and structures, and Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design. The calculated results of bearing capacity and elastic settlement for two types of shallow foundations, such as pad foundation and strip foundation, adhering to Kazakhstani and European approaches are relatively comparable. However, the European approach provided higher values of bearing capacity and elastic settlement for the designed shallow foundation compared to the Kazakhstani approach. The difference in the results is explained by the application of different values of partial factors of safety for the determination of bearing capacity and different methods for the calculation of the elastic settlement of shallow foundations (i.e., elasticity theory and layer summation method).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Bokina, John. "History and Biological Teleology." Politics and the Life Sciences 6, no. 2 (1988): 195–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0730938400003257.

Full text

Abstract:

Arnhart's timely and provocative article attempts to resolve the value crisis of the modern biological and sociobiological sciences by reconciling these sciences with Aristotle's biological teleology. The idea that modern biology, like modern science in general, will engender a value crisis is hardly new. By engaging in ostensibly objective, quantitative, valuefree inquiry into the character of human and nonhuman organic life, scientific biology strips these forms of life of their traditional values. Biological science itself has failed to generate a new set of qualitative values to replace the discredited notions of myth, religion, and philosophy. This value nihilism has become particularly ominous in the contemporary period as military, ecological, and biomedical developments undermine our traditional assumptions about the character of organic life-and indeed may threaten the existence of that organic life. Perhaps it is an inevitable twist in the history of ideas that Aristotle's biological teleology, the bete noire of modern biological science, should be offered as a possible source for a new biological value system. Arnhart contends that Aristotle's biological teleology-i.e., the notion that species have their own ends and purposes-is both compatible with the most up-to-date biological research and can serve as a source for qualitative biological values. By adopting a teleological perspective, the ends and purposes of species not only describe essential elements of these species, but also prescribe an inherent, biological foundation for value judgments about them.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Ahmed, Hamidi, and Bouafia Ali. "Analysis of some key aspects of soil/foundation interaction-Finite elements modelling." MATEC Web of Conferences 149 (2018): 02019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814902019.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper is aimed to contribute to the analysis of three important aspects of soil-foundation interaction, which are not clearly investigated, by means of a detailed parametric study based on a finite elements modelling. The first aspect focuses on the effect of the bedrock proximity on the load-settlement behaviour of a continuous or circular shallow foundation. It was found there exists a threshold distance between the foundation base and the top of the bedrock layer beyond which the foundation behaves as in an infinitely deep medium. The second one deals with the behaviour of shallow foundation on a bi-layered soil where the effect of the underlying layer on the bearing capacity as well as on the settlements depends on the distance between the foundation base and the top of the underlying layer, and beyond a threshold value this effect vanishes. The third aspect studied was the interference between two strip footings installed on saturated clay. It was shown within a threshold distance between these foundations, an important modification of the foundation behaviour may occur. Finally, the numerical results were fitted and interpreted which allowed suggesting simple practical formulae for shallow foundations design.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Mara Jauane Nicholas, Ravindra Jayaratne, Takayuki Suzuki, and Tomoya Shibayama. "BUILDING FOUNDATION INSTABILITY INDUCED BY TSUNAMI SCOUR." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36v (December 28, 2020): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36v.currents.29.

Full text

Abstract:

Understanding the role of tsunami-induced scour in building foundation instability can allow for the proper design of buildings located in areas prone to tsunami events. The process of tsunami scour around building foundations reduces the bearing capacity of the soil to support loading, lateral resistance and loss of soil- foundation friction (i.e. piles). Scour can cause loss of material around a foundation, due to increased pore pressure within the soil and removal of the soil during the tsunami, resulting in reduced bearing capacity of the soil (Macabuag et al., 2018). During the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami and the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami, three similar failure modes of building foundations were experienced, namely overturning, sliding and bearing (scour) failure (Macabuag et al., 2018). According to Wright (2015), shallow foundations such as strip, slab or pad are vulnerable to erosion of surrounding soil causing scour during a tsunami. The present paper discusses the application of the scour depth predictive model of Nicholas et al. (2016) and the development of a Relative Risk Index for future design of building foundations accounting for tsunamis.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/u6QSmUe8YqA

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Hanna, Adel, and Mohamed Abdel-Rahman. "Experimental investigation of shell foundations on dry sand." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 35, no. 5 (1998): 847–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t98-049.

Full text

Abstract:

Shells are usually used as structural elements in buildings. In Germany they showed remarkable resistance to the effects of bombing during World War II. About 1 decade later, the possibility of employing shells in foundation engineering was explored. Surveys of the literature indicate that shell foundations have been employed effectively in different parts of the world and were proven to provide an overall economical alternative to the conventional flat foundations. However, the geotechnical design of these footings remained the same as for their respective flat ones. Accordingly, the advantages of shell geometry in foundation engineering has not yet been explored in the design of these footings. The objective of the present study is to examine the overall geotechnical behavior of three types of shell foundations resting on sand under axial loading conditions, namely, triangular, conical, and pyramidal shells. Furthermore, the resulting bearing capacities and settlements will be compared with conventional strip, circular, and square flat foundations. The present paper presents an experimental study on nine foundation models tested on loose, medium, and dense sand states. The influence of shell configuration and embedment depth on the ultimate bearing capacity and settlement will be presented. The results of the present experimental investigation have shown the admirable performance of shell foundations with respect to ultimate bearing capacity and settlement characteristics. Shell foundations provide higher resistance to lateral loading as compared with flat ones, and thus they will perform better in earthquake regions.Key words: shell foundation, experimental investigation, bearing capacity, settlement, sand, geotechnical engineering.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Baikie, L. D. "Total and partial factors of safety in geotechnical engineering." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 22, no. 4 (1985): 477–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t85-067.

Full text

Abstract:

The use of partial factors of safety in geotechnical design is introduced in the second edition of the Canadian Foundation Engineering Manual. The partial factors have been obtained from comparisons with conventional methods of analysis. Studies presented herein for simple slopes, cantilevered rigid retaining walls, flexible sheet pile walls, shallow strip foundations, and pile foundations indicate that modifications to some of the suggested partial load and resistance modification factors are necessary if comparable designs are to be obtained. Key words: factor of safety, partial factors, limit states design, slope stability, retaining walls, shallow foundations, deep foundations, bearing capacity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Jelušič, Primož, and Bojan Žlender. "Optimal Design of Reinforced Pad Foundation and Strip Foundation." International Journal of Geomechanics 18, no. 9 (2018): 04018105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gm.1943-5622.0001258.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Kryzhanovskyi, V. O. "RESIDUES OF THE PRODUCTION BUILDING ON KUDRYAVS’KA str. 24A IN KYIV." Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine 35, no. 2 (2020): 334–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37445/adiu.2020.02.25.

Full text

Abstract:

During the archaeological research of the Old Rus site on the Kudryavska st., 24A in Kyiv, in the historical area called «Kopyriv kinec», the remains of the manufactory building were discovered. The building has a frame-and-pillar structure, 4 Ч 4 m square, located in the eastern part of the excavation area. The stepped entrance adjoined the building from the southwest side. This building was cut in half by the modern building foundation. At its bottom, in addition to pits of different diameters, the small hearth was located. In the filling of the building a lot of various finds such as the fragments of various vessels, the objects from ferrous and non-ferrous metals, fragments of building materials, stone items, various slags, animal bones etc. were discovered. In the building filling the artifacts indicating its manufacture purpose have been discovered: the fragments of commercial copper — the raw materials for casting bronze products in the form of round rods with cross-sections with traces of chopping and riveting. Material for smelting followed by casting, like raw materials, used the colored scrap in the form of fragments of various copper or bronze products, melted and deformed under the influence of high temperature little bell, broken strips etc. Slag fragments, found in the building, clearly indicate the activity related to metal production and metal processing. Most likely, the main metallurgical workshop was placed nearby. Consequently, this manufactory building was probably the part of metallurgical complex. Obviously, it was engaged in the smelting of metal and the manufacture of non-ferrous metal items.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Saxinger, M., A. Steinboeck, M. Baumgart, and A. Kugi. "Dynamical Model of Axially Moving Steel Strips**Financial support by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy and the National Foundation for Research, Technology and Development, and voestalpine Stahl GmbH is gratefully acknowledged." IFAC-PapersOnLine 49, no. 20 (2016): 190–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2016.10.119.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Sušinskas, Saulius, Zenonas Turskis, Andrius Stasiškis, Jonas Valickas, and Žymantas Rudžionis. "THE EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF FOUNDATIONS FOR BUILDINGS WITH BEARING WALLS FOR LITHUANIAN SOIL CONDITIONS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 20, no. 6 (2014): 893–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2014.982698.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper deals with selection of foundations for bearing walls of residential buildings depending on the strength of soil and taking into account the economic benefit. Based on in-situ investigation of soil conditions in different Lithuanian regions and construction technologies, it was found that the cost of foundations comprise 2.5–6% of total costs, and takes up 6–10% of construction time. Strip and pile foundations were analysed taking into account dimensions and mode of production. The proposed case study model enables to save up to 30–50% of foundation costs. It has a significant influence on entire life cycle costs of.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Lou, Chu Yang, Yu Xuan Wang, and Zhe Ming Liu. "Three-Dimension Finite Element Analysis for the Concrete Canoe." Applied Mechanics and Materials 501-504 (January 2014): 659–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.501-504.659.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper focuses on the structural analysis of concrete canoes. It firstly introduces the background of the concrete canoe competition and some typical FEA methods for concrete canoes. Then the paper establishes and analyzes an FEA model with SAP2000. Considering the similarity between concrete canoes and strip foundations under column, the paper uses the foundation engineering theory of strip foundations under column to determine the support conditions, and the applied loads of concrete canoes under 2 key loading cases. The result is proved to be accurate according to the experience of Tongji University Concrete Canoe Team. Finally, a conjecture of partial plane cross-section assumption of concrete canoe is proposed according to the result of FEA.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Hopkins, C. "The Effect of Foundation Details and Soil Types on the Airborne Sound Insulation of Masonry Cavity Walls." Building Acoustics 15, no. 1 (2008): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/135101008784050205.

Full text

Abstract:

Two important variables that affect the airborne sound insulation of cavity masonry separating walls in the field are the foundation detail and the soil type upon which the foundations are built. Vibration transmission was measured between cavity wall leaves on three different types of foundation: concrete deep trench fill, a strip footing and a strip footing with concrete infill. The results indicated that where a strip footing is used, higher sound insulation can be achieved without the concrete infill. Measurements of the dynamic properties of soils indicated significant differences between the compression stiffness per unit area and the loss factor of different soils. These different soil properties were seen to affect the airborne sound insulation of cavity walls. This explains some of the variation in airborne sound insulation between nominally identical masonry cavity separating walls in the field.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Hoffmann, Marcin, Krzysztof Żarkiewicz, Adam Zieliński, Szymon Skibicki, and Łukasz Marchewka. "Foundation Piles—A New Feature for Concrete 3D Printers." Materials 14, no. 10 (2021): 2545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14102545.

Full text

Abstract:

Foundation piles that are made by concrete 3D printers constitute a new alternative way of founding buildings constructed using incremental technology. We are currently observing very rapid development of incremental technology for the construction industry. The systems that are used for 3D printing with the application of construction materials make it possible to form permanent formwork for strip foundations, construct load-bearing walls and partition walls, and prefabricate elements, such as stairs, lintels, and ceilings. 3D printing systems do not offer soil reinforcement by making piles. The paper presents the possibility of making concrete foundation piles in laboratory conditions using a concrete 3D printer. The paper shows the tools and procedure for pile pumping. An experiment for measuring pile bearing capacity is described and an example of a pile deployment model under a foundation is described. The results of the tests and analytical calculations have shown that the displacement piles demonstrate less settlement when compared to the analysed shallow foundation. The authors indicate that it is possible to replace the shallow foundation with a series of piles combined with a printed wall without locally widening it. This type of foundation can be used for the foundation of low-rise buildings, such as detached houses. Estimated calculations have shown that the possibility of making foundation piles by a 3D printer will reduce the cost of making foundations by shortening the time of execution of works and reducing the consumption of construction materials.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Subbotin, Vitaliy. "MODELING THE WORK OF THE STRUCTURE STRENGTHENING STRUCTURE STRUCTURE BY THE METHOD OF CONNECTING A FOUNDATION BOARD WITH A REMOVABLE FORMWORK IN A TRAY." Construction and Architecture 8, no. 1 (2020): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2308-0191-2020-8-1-39-47.

Full text

Abstract:

The conditions of creating a model for conducting experimental studies in a tray of a patented reinforcement design of existing strip foundations are considered. It is proposed to simulate and investigate the effectiveness of the new design of reinforcement of the strip foundation, allowing to take into account the rheological processes in the soil of the base when performing measures for structural reinforcement using a profiled sheet in conjunction with monolithic elements. Based on the rules of modeling and similarity theory, it is proposed to determine the optimal conditions for experimental modeling of a solution to strengthen existing monolithic reinforced concrete strip foundations by working together with a monolithic reinforced concrete slab divided by a profiled sheet in height into two parts (upper and lower) with injection wells for injection of a hardening mortar directly under fixed formwork from a profiled sheet

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Lobacheva, Nataliia, and Vadim Griniov. "Comparative analysis of calculations of strip foundation, taking into account the influence of adjoined building with different soil models." E3S Web of Conferences 97 (2019): 04006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199704006.

Full text

Abstract:

The necessity to take into account the properties of soil foundations, which depend not only on the conditions of their natural occurrence, but also on the stress state, led researchers to create a large number of different soil models. This article provides is to clarify the patterns and features of the three-dimensional interaction of strip foundations with the soil base in conditions of dense urban development with the use of various design soil models and comparison with field observations. Three soil models (the Mohr-Coulomb model, the Hardening-Soil model, model of the Klepikov stiffness coefficient) are considered. The calculation stages displayed a true picture of the construction of a new building (dismantling of the floor of an existing building, excavation, etc.). As a result of numerical experiments with a use of Plaxis and methods for calculating structures on a deformable base was received values settlement of strip foundations in applying three soil models. The difference of the calculated values of strip foundation settlement is defined in percentage. The geodesic monitoring confirms the validity of the research.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Kumar, Jyant. "Nγ for rough strip footing using the method of characteristics". Canadian Geotechnical Journal 40, № 3 (2003): 669–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t03-009.

Full text

Abstract:

By using the method of characteristics, the bearing capacity factor Nγ was computed for a rough strip footing. The analysis was performed by considering a curved nonplastic wedge under the foundation base bounded by curved slip lines being tangential to the base of the footing at its either edge and inclined at an angle π/4 - ϕ/2 with the vertical axis of symmetry. The existing theories in the literature for rough footings, which usually employ a triangular wedge below the footing base, were generally found to provide greater values of Nγ as compared with the results obtained in this contribution.Key words: bearing capacity, foundations, failure, numerical modeling, plasticity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Tan, Mengxi, and Sai K. Vanapalli. "Performance estimation of a shallow foundation on an unsaturated expansive soil slope subjected to rainfall infiltration." MATEC Web of Conferences 337 (2021): 03009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202133703009.

Full text

Abstract:

In the last two decades, there has been a significant increase in infrastructure development on slopes of hilly regions of the world, due to population growth. There are many infrastructures on unsaturated expansive slopes, especially in semi-arid and arid regions. Rainfall infiltration is one of the major factors that contributes to the slope and infrastructure foundations failures on hilly slopes with unsaturated expansive soils. In the current study, a rational approach is proposed considering the combined influence of the foundation-slope behavior based on the principles of unsaturated soil mechanics. This is achieved by a novel numerical modelling approach using the commercial software Geo-studio to investigate the performance of strip foundation located on the top of the unsaturated expansive soil slope subjected to various rainfall infiltration conditions. Hydro-mechanical coupling analysis is conducted to evaluate the rainfall water infiltration influence combined with slope stability analysis using limit equilibrium method. Comparisons are made between both the foundation bearing capacity, slope stability before and after rainfall water infiltration. Different failure mechanisms of the foundation and slope system are presented with and without foundation loading for various rainfall scenarios. Results summarized in this paper are helpful for the geotechnical engineers for understanding the performance of shallow foundations on unsaturated expansive soil slopes considering the influence of rainfall infiltration conditions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Omar, M. T., B. M. Das, V. K. Puri, and S. C. Yen. "Ultimate bearing capacity of shallow foundations on sand with geogrid reinforcement." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 30, no. 3 (1993): 545–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t93-046.

Full text

Abstract:

Laboratory model test results for the ultimate bearing capacity of strip and square foundations supported by sand reinforced with geogrid layers have been presented. Based on the model test results, the critical depth of reinforcement and the dimensions of the geogrid layers for mobilizing the maximum bearing-capacity ratio have been determined and compared. Key words : bearing capacity, geogrid, model test, reinforced sand, shallow foundation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Matečková, Pavlina, Martina Smirakova, Jan Kubosek, and Radim Čajka. "Design of Bitumen Asphalt Belt Sliding Joint Based on Experiment Results." Key Engineering Materials 738 (June 2017): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.738.185.

Full text

Abstract:

Foundation structures are usually exposed to dominant vertical load. However, in some cases there is also significant value of horizontal load caused e.g. by horizontal terrain deformation on areas attached with underground mining or by horizontal deformation of foundation structure due to pre-stressing, creep, shrinkage, and temperature variation. Through the friction between subsoil and foundations, the foundation structure must resist significant normal forces. The idea of sliding joints between subsoil and foundation structure, which eliminates the friction in footing bottom, comes from the 1970’s. The bitumen asphalt belt given rheological properties has been proven as an effective material for sliding joints. In the paper there are test results of shear resistance of currently used asphalt belts. The test results are used for subsoil shear stress analysis in model example of strip foundation. Shear resistance is calculated according to Czech code for designing buildings on undermined area and also using advanced FEM analysis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Raj, Dhiraj, Yogendra Singh, and Amir M. Kaynia. "V–H–M seismic capacity envelopes of strip foundations on slopes for capacity design of structure-foundation system." Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 17, no. 6 (2019): 2963–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10518-019-00577-5.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Perkins, Franklin. "Divergences within the Lǎozǐ: A Study of Chapters 67-81." T’oung pao 100, no. 1-3 (2014): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685322-10013p01.

Full text

Abstract:

It is well known that the three bundles of bamboo strips found at Guōdiàn containing versions of materials appearing in the Lǎozǐ included no passages from the last fifteen chapters of the received text. This article examines closely those final fifteen chapters, arguing that they articulate a coherent philosophical position fundamentally different from and even opposed to that of the Guōdiàn materials. The foundation of the last fifteen chapters is an anthropomorphic conception of heaven that supports the good, a view explicitly rejected in the rest of the Lǎozǐ. These last fifteen chapters support the use of punishments, show no awareness of skepticism about language or moralizing categories, and they have no concern with internal practices of self-cultivation. The article concludes with some reflections on the background of the last fifteen chapters and on the significance of this argument for interpreting the Lǎozǐ, particularly the split between so-called “religious” and “philosophical” readings. Il est bien connu que les trois faisceaux de fiches de bambou découverts à Guodian portant des recensions de matériaux figurant dans le Laozi ne contiennent aucun passage des quinze derniers chapitres du texte reçu. Cet article propose un examen soigneux de ces quinze derniers chapitres et affirme qu’ils énoncent une position philosophique cohérente, fondamentalement différente de celle des textes de Guodian, voire en opposition avec eux. Les quinze derniers chapitres se fondent sur une conception anthropomorphique d’un Ciel encourageant le bien. Or cette vue est explicitement rejetée par le reste du Laozi. Ils encouragent le recours aux châtiments, ne manifestent aucun scepticisme au regard du langage et des catégories morales, et se désintéressent des pratiques internes du perfectionnement de soi. L’article se conclut par quelques réflexions sur l’arrière-plan des quinze derniers chapitres et sur la portée des arguments de l’auteur pour l’interprétation du Laozi, notamment la coupure entre les lectures dites “religieuses” et “philosophiques”.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Sokolis, Dimitrios P. "In vitro study of age-related changes in human ureteral failure properties according to region, direction, and layer." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 233, no. 5 (2019): 570–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954411919839891.

Full text

Abstract:

Knowledge of the capacity of the ureteral wall to withstand urodynamic or external stresses is essential to understand ureteral injury and rupture that mostly occur following trauma, but may also be secondary to obstructive uropathy. It has clinical significance as well in the prevention of iatrogenic injury, for example, during ureteroscopy, but no information is available with regard to the age-related failure properties and regional differences have not been systematically described. Uniaxial tensile testing was performed on 166 ureteral rings and strips from 21 humans free of overt urologic disease; histological evaluation was performed. The degree of layer participation to the intact wall failure stress (=tissue strength), peak elastic modulus (=stiffness), and failure stretch (=extensibility) was assessed by examining layer-specific ruptures in the stress–stretch data. Failure stress at and peak elastic modulus before the first (muscle/adventitial) rupture correlated inversely less with age ( p < 0.05 in few regions/directions) than failure stress at the second (mucosal) rupture ( p < 0.05 in the middle and lower ureter), consistent with the decreased mucosal thickness in ≥50-year-old subjects. Failure stretch at both ruptures did not correlate with age ( p > 0.05 in most regions/directions), paralleling elastin content. Correlations with age were more significant in females than males. Failure stress at the second rupture point was higher ( p < 0.05) distally in <50-year-old but not in ≥50-year-old subjects, justified by the increased collagen distally in the former. Directional differences in failure stretches ( p < 0.05 at all ages/regions/genders) were justified by preferentially axial collagen reinforcement. The presented results may establish the foundation for computational models of iatrogenic/accidental ureteral trauma.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Pronozin, Yakov, Tatyana Maltseva, Oleg Poroshin, and Anna Medvedeva. "Thin-walled shell foundations." MATEC Web of Conferences 265 (2019): 05032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926505032.

Full text

Abstract:

The article presents a study of the interaction of strip foundations of multistorey apartment houses united by flat cylindrical shells with a ground base. The foundation of a 17-storey residential building has been taken as an example. The ground base consists of strong upper and highly compressible underlying layers. The use of traditional foundations under the specified conditions is hardly possible. The calculation scheme of the building and the stages of the ground foundation work are represented. Also, the researchers share the results of geotechnical monitoring in the construction process including observations of settlings at 25 points with an accuracy of 0.1 mm and measurement of layer-by-layer deformations of the ground base under the building to a depth of 10 meters from the surface. The diagrams demonstrate the actual settlement of the building with increasing load and layer-by-layer deformations of the ground base in depth are presented.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Cheshev, A. S., and V. L. Melenkin. "Greening development of landscape agroforestry: historical foundations and innovative approaches." Economy and ecology of territorial educations 5, no. 1 (2021): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/2413-1474-2021-5-1-33-41.

Full text

Abstract:

Agroforestry is an important component of agricultural production development. According to the Great Russian scientists, forest vegetation in the form of continuous afforestation or various types of forest belts on agricultural landscapes had and still has a significant impact on the formation of favorable agro-climatic conditions both on inter-forest and inter-strip spaces. Therefore, the creation of a system of different types and types of forest strips on the territory of agricultural land is an urgent task for the formation of environmentally sustainable agricultural production. The article presents various aspects of agroforestry activi-ties greening, reveals its historical development processes, and analyzes the introduction of innovative technologies in this area.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Foundation strips'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles