Academic literature on the topic 'Foundations of gravity theories'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Foundations of gravity theories.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Foundations of gravity theories"

1

Lasenby, A. N., and M. P. Hobson. "Scale-invariant gauge theories of gravity: Theoretical foundations." Journal of Mathematical Physics 57, no. 9 (2016): 092505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4963143.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Calcagni, Gianluca. "Multifractional theories: An updated review." Modern Physics Letters A 36, no. 14 (2021): 2140006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021773232140006x.

Full text
Abstract:
The status of multifractional theories is reviewed using comparative tables. Theoretical foundations, classical matter and gravity dynamics, cosmology and experimental constraints are summarized and the application of the multifractional paradigm to quantum gravity is discussed. We also clarify the issue of unitarity in theories with integer-order derivatives.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Golovnev, Alexey, and María-José Guzmán. "Foundational issues in f(T) gravity theory." International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics 18, supp01 (2021): 2140007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219887821400077.

Full text
Abstract:
We give a short review on the status of research on the theoretical foundations of [Formula: see text] gravity theories. We discuss recent results on perturbative and non-perturbative approaches, causality and degrees of freedom, and discuss future directions to follow.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Satheeshkumar, V. H., and P. K. Suresh. "Gravity and Large Extra Dimensions." Advances in Astronomy 2011 (2011): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/189379.

Full text
Abstract:
The idea that quantum gravity can be realized at the TeV scale is extremely attractive to theorists and experimentalists alike. This proposal leads to extra spacial dimensions large compared to the Planck scale. Here, we give a very systematic view of the foundations of the theories with large extra dimensions and their physical consequences.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

CAPOZZIELLO, S., M. DE LAURENTIS, L. FATIBENE, and M. FRANCAVIGLIA. "THE PHYSICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR THE GEOMETRIC STRUCTURE OF RELATIVISTIC THEORIES OF GRAVITATION: FROM GENERAL RELATIVITY TO EXTENDED THEORIES OF GRAVITY THROUGH EHLERS–PIRANI–SCHILD APPROACH." International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics 09, no. 08 (2012): 1250072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219887812500727.

Full text
Abstract:
We discuss in a critical way the physical foundations of geometric structure of relativistic theories of gravity by the so-called Ehlers–Pirani–Schild formalism. This approach provides a natural interpretation of the observables showing how relate them to General Relativity and to a large class of Extended Theories of Gravity. In particular we show that, in such a formalism, geodesic and causal structures of space-time can be safely disentangled allowing a correct analysis in view of observations and experiment. As specific case, we take into account the case of f(R)-gravity.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

NI, WEI-TOU, HSIEN-HAO MEI, and SHAN-JYUN WU. "FOUNDATIONS OF CLASSICAL ELECTRODYNAMICS, EQUIVALENCE PRINCIPLE AND COSMIC INTERACTIONS: A SHORT EXPOSITION AND AN UPDATE." Modern Physics Letters A 28, no. 03 (2013): 1340013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732313400130.

Full text
Abstract:
We look at the foundations of electromagnetism in this 1st LeCosPA Symposium. For doing this, after some review (constraints on photon mass etc.), we use two approaches. The first one is to formulate a Parametrized Post-Maxwellian (PPM) framework to include QED corrections and a pseudoscalar photon interaction. PPM framework includes lowest corrections to unified electromagnetism-gravity theories based on connection approach. It may also overlap with corrections implemented from generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) when electromagnetism-gravity coupling is considered. We discuss various vac
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

VACARU, SERGIU I. "PRINCIPLES OF EINSTEIN–FINSLER GRAVITY AND PERSPECTIVES IN MODERN COSMOLOGY." International Journal of Modern Physics D 21, no. 09 (2012): 1250072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271812500721.

Full text
Abstract:
We study the geometric and physical foundations of Finsler gravity theories with metric compatible connections defined on tangent bundles, or (pseudo) Riemannian manifolds, endowed with nonholonomic frame structure. Several generalizations and alternatives to Einstein gravity are considered, including modifications with broken local Lorentz invariance. It is also shown how such theories (and general relativity) can be equivalently re-formulated in Finsler like variables. We focus on prospects in modern cosmology and Finsler acceleration of Universe. Einstein–Finsler gravity theories are elabor
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Karam, Sabah E. "Does quantum entanglement turn Rowlands’ ‘principle of duality’ into a ‘law’?" Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2197, no. 1 (2022): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2197/1/012017.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract Physical laws are permanently observed. They are universal but not proven. Newton’s universal law of gravitation and three laws of motion, derived from the observations and theories of Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo and others, were used to take astronauts to the moon and return them safely to earth. Theories about the origin of gravity and whether gravitational forces are fundamental, quantum, entropic, induced, emergent, curved spacetime or fields like electromagnetism are still being probed. General relativity is a geometric theory, not a law, about gravity. In a book called Zero to I
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Napolitano, Fabrizio, Andrea Addazi, Angelo Bassi, et al. "Underground Tests of Quantum Mechanics by the VIP Collaboration at Gran Sasso." Symmetry 15, no. 2 (2023): 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym15020480.

Full text
Abstract:
Modern physics lays its foundations on the pillars of Quantum Mechanics (QM), which has been proven successful to describe the microscopic world of atoms and particles, leading to the construction of the Standard Model. Despite the big success, the old open questions at its very heart, such as the measurement problem and the wave function collapse, are still open. Various theories consider scenarios which could encompass a departure from the predictions of the standard QM, such as extra-dimensions or deformations of the Lorentz/Poincaré symmetries. At the Italian National Gran Sasso undergroun
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Galetska, Tetiana, Natalia Topishko, and Sergii Galetskyi. "GRAVITY MODEL OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE: ORIGIN AND MODERN APPROACHES." Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, "Economics" Series 1, no. 27(55) (2022): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2022-27(55)-96-103.

Full text
Abstract:
The article examines the historical origins of the formation of gravity modeling and its use in the study of the intensity of international trade. It is emphasized that the driving forces of international exchange and the search for optimal policy ways of its implementation are based on classical theories of international trade. They are based on a liberal approach to deny the need for state restrictions on the free flow of goods between countries in order to regulate the volume, structure and directions of the country's foreign trade. The contribution of outstanding economists to the developm
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Foundations of gravity theories"

1

Di, Casola Eolo. "Sieving the Landscape of Gravity Theories. From the Equivalence Principles to the Near-Planck Regime." Doctoral thesis, SISSA, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11767/3911.

Full text
Abstract:
This thesis focusses on three main aspects of the foundations of any theory of gravity where the gravitational field admits a geometric interpretation: (a) the principles of equivalence; (b) their role as selection rules in the landscape of extended theories of gravity; and (c) the possible modifications of the spacetime structure at a "mesoscopic" scale, due to underlying, microscopic-level, quantum-gravitational effects. The first result of the work is the introduction of a formal definition of the Gravitational Weak Equivalence Principle, which expresses the universality of free fall of
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Matas, Andrew. "Foundations of Massive Gravity." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1464275510.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Sbisa, Fulvio. "Modified theories of gravity." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2013. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/modified-theories-of-gravity(3b9310e3-5d97-4e48-aa05-0444d1e89363).html.

Full text
Abstract:
The recent observational data in cosmology seem to indicate that the universe is currently expanding in an accelerated way. This unexpected conclusion can be explained assuming the presence of a non-vanishing yet extremely fine tuned cosmological constant, or invoking the existence of an exotic source of energy, dark energy, which is not observed in laboratory experiments yet seems to dominate the energy budget of the Universe. On the other hand, it may be that these observations are just signalling the fact that Einstein's General Relativity is not the correct description of gravity when we c
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Clifton, Timothy. "Alternative theories of gravity." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612712.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Sbisa', F. "MODIFIED THEORIES OF GRAVITY." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/214951.

Full text
Abstract:
The recent observational data in cosmology seem to indicate that the universe is currently expanding in an accelerated way. This unexpected conclusion can be explained assuming the presence of a non-vanishing yet extremely fine tuned cosmological constant, or invoking the existence of an exotic source of energy, dark energy, which is not observed in laboratory experiments yet seems to dominate the energy budget of the Universe. On the other hand, it may be that these observations are just signalling the fact that Einstein's General Relativity is not the correct description of gravity when we c
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Ranchin, Andre. "Alternative theories in quantum foundations." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/52462.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstraction is an important driving force in theoretical physics. New insights often accompany the creation of physical frameworks which are both comprehensive and parsimonious. In particular, the analysis of alternative sets of theories which exhibit similar structural features as quantum theory has yielded important new results and physical understanding. An important task is to undertake a thorough analysis and classification of quantum-like theories. In this thesis, we take a step in this direction, moving towards a synthetic description of alternative theories in quantum foundations. After
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Gullu, Ibrahim. "Massive Higher Derivative Gravity Theories." Phd thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613975/index.pdf.

Full text
Abstract:
In this thesis massive higher derivative gravity theories are analyzed in some detail. One-particle scattering amplitude between two covariantly conserved sources mediated by a graviton exchange is found at tree-level in D dimensional (Anti)-de Sitter and flat spacetimes for the most general quadratic curvature theory augmented with the Pauli-Fierz mass term. From the amplitude expression, the Newtonian potential energies are calculated for various cases. Also, from this amplitude and the propagator structure, a three dimensional unitary theory is identified. In the second part of the thes
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Bahamonde, Sebastian. "Modified teleparallel theories of gravity." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10055604/.

Full text
Abstract:
Teleparallel gravity is an alternative formulation of gravity which has the same field equations as General Relativity (GR), therefore, it is also known as the Teleparallel equivalent of General Relativity (TEGR). This theory is a gauge theory of the translations with the torsion tensor being non-zero but with a vanishing curvature tensor, hence, the manifold is globally flat. An interesting approach for understanding the late-time accelerating behaviour of the Universe is called modified gravity where GR is extended or modified. In the same spirit, since TEGR is equivalent to GR, one can cons
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Schreckenberg, Stephan Reinhold. "Structural foundations of quantum history theories." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309236.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Michele, Oliosi. "New viable theories of modified gravity : Minimal Theories and Quasidilaton." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/244509.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Books on the topic "Foundations of gravity theories"

1

Frè, P. Gravity, a Geometrical Course: Volume 2: Black Holes, Cosmology and Introduction to Supergravity. Springer Netherlands, 2013.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Frè, P. Gravity, a Geometrical Course: Volume 1: Development of the Theory and Basic Physical Applications. Springer Netherlands, 2013.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Narlikar, Jayant V., and T. Padmanabhan. Gravity, Gauge Theories and Quantum Cosmology. Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4508-1.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Vecchiato, Alberto. Variational Approach to Gravity Field Theories. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51211-2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

T, Schucker, ed. Differential geometry, guage theories and gravity. CUP, 1989.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Narlikar, Jayant V. Gravity, Gauge Theories and Quantum Cosmology. Springer Netherlands, 1986.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

1957-, Padmanabhan T., ed. Gravity, gauge theories, and quantum cosmology. Reidel, 1986.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

T, Schücker, ed. Differential geometry, gauge theories, and gravity. Cambridge University Press, 1987.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Brane-localized gravity. World Scientific, 2004.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Dean, Rickles, French Steven, and Saatsi Juha, eds. The structural foundations of quantum gravity. Clarendon, 2006.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Book chapters on the topic "Foundations of gravity theories"

1

Ulbricht, Hendrik. "Testing Fundamental Physics by Using Levitated Mechanical Systems." In Molecular Beams in Physics and Chemistry. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63963-1_15.

Full text
Abstract:
AbstractWe will describe recent progress of experiments towards realising large-mass single particle experiments to test fundamental physics theories such as quantum mechanics and gravity, but also specific candidates of Dark Matter and Dark Energy. We will highlight the connection to the work started by Otto Stern as levitated mechanics experiments are about controlling the centre of mass motion of massive particles and using the same to investigate physical effects. This chapter originated from the foundations of physics session of the Otto Stern Fest at Frankfurt am Main in 2019, so we will also share a view on the Stern Gerlach experiment and how it related to tests of the principle of quantum superposition.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Verruijt, Arnold. "Gravity Foundations." In Theory and Applications of Transport in Porous Media. Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1112-8_11.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Aldrovandi, Ruben, and José Geraldo Pereira. "Gauge Theories and Gravitation." In Teleparallel Gravity. Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5143-9_3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

’t Hooft, Gerard. "Quantum Gravity." In Fundamental Theories of Physics. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41285-6_6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Asselmeyer-Maluga, Torsten. "Smooth Quantum Gravity: Exotic Smoothness and Quantum Gravity." In Fundamental Theories of Physics. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31299-6_15.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Anderson, Edward. "Quantum Gravity Programs." In Fundamental Theories of Physics. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58848-3_11.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Martín-Moruno, Prado. "Horndeski/Galileon Theories." In Modified Gravity and Cosmology. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83715-0_6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Baryshev, Yurij, and Pekka Teerikorpi. "Predictions of Gravity Theories." In Fundamental Questions of Practical Cosmology. Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2379-5_6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Park, R. G. "Gravity-controlled structures." In Foundations of Structural Geology. Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6576-1_12.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Anselmann, Christina. "Theoretical Foundations." In Secular Stagnation Theories. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41087-2_2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Foundations of gravity theories"

1

Francaviglia, Mauro, and Lorenzo Fatibene. "From the Ehlers-Pirani-Schild analysis on the foundations of gravitational theories to extended theories of gravity and dark matter." In Proceedings of the Corfu Summer Institute 2011. Sissa Medialab, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.155.0054.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Sobreiro, Rodrigo Ferreira. "Gauge theories and gravity." In 7th International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Physics. Sissa Medialab, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.175.0019.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Rivelles, Victor O. "Noncommutative Theories and Gravity." In Fourth International Winter Conference on Mathematical Methods in Physics. Sissa Medialab, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.013.0029.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

MANN, ROBERT. "A6: ALTERNATIVE THEORIES OF GRAVITY." In Proceedings of the 16th International Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812776556_0022.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

WILL, CLIFFORD M. "A6: ALTERNATIVE THEORIES OF GRAVITY." In Proceedings of the 17th International Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812701688_0022.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Krajewski, Thomas. "Group Field Theories." In 3rd Quantum Gravity and Quantum Geometry School. Sissa Medialab, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.140.0005.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Olmo, Gonzalo J. "Cosmology in Palatini theories of gravity." In TOWARDS NEW PARADIGMS: PROCEEDING OF THE SPANISH RELATIVITY MEETING 2011. AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4734415.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

PERIVOLAROPOULOS, L. "OBSERVATIONAL SIGNATURE OF EXTENDED GRAVITY THEORIES." In Proceedings of the Sixth International Workshop. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812770288_0084.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Arbuzova, Elena. "Instabilities in modified theories of gravity." In Multifrequency Behaviour of High Energy Cosmic Sources - XIII. Sissa Medialab, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.362.0026.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Novikov-Borodin, A. V., and Andrei Yu Khrennikov. "Quantum Theories and Relativistic Approach." In QUANTUM THEORY: Reconsideration of Foundations—5. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3431512.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Foundations of gravity theories"

1

Perelstein, M. Topics in Theories of Quantum Gravity. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/839827.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Lim, Hyun. Nonlinear Dynamics of Modified Gravity Theories. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1727409.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Evenett, Simon, and Wolfgang Keller. On Theories Explaining the Success of the Gravity Equation. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6529.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Rizzo, Thomas G. Using Scalars to Probe Theories of Low Scale Quantum Gravity. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10016.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Faraggi, A. E., and J. C. Pati. Meeting the constraint of neutrino-Higgsino mixing in gravity unified theories. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/466855.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Awada, M., and Zongan Qiu. The critical points of the multimatrix model as the theories of 2-d W-gravity. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6767420.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Rizzo, Thomas G. Top Quark Production at the Tevatron: Probing Anomalous Chromomagnetic Moments and Theories of Low Scale Gravity. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/9950.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Semerikov, Serhiy O., Illia O. Teplytskyi, Yuliia V. Yechkalo, and Arnold E. Kiv. Computer Simulation of Neural Networks Using Spreadsheets: The Dawn of the Age of Camelot. [б. в.], 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/2648.

Full text
Abstract:
The article substantiates the necessity to develop training methods of computer simulation of neural networks in the spreadsheet environment. The systematic review of their application to simulating artificial neural networks is performed. The authors distinguish basic approaches to solving the problem of network computer simulation training in the spreadsheet environment, joint application of spreadsheets and tools of neural network simulation, application of third-party add-ins to spreadsheets, development of macros using the embedded languages of spreadsheets; use of standard spreadsheet ad
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!