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Richmond, II Richard Steven. "A Low-Power Design of Motion Estimation Blocks for Low Bit-Rate Wireless Video Communications." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31458.
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Motion estimation and motion compensation comprise one of the most important compression methods for video communications. We propose a low-power design of a motion estimation block for a low bit-rate video codec standard H.263. Since the motion estimation is computationally intensive to result in large power consumption, a low-power design is essential for portable or mobile systems. Our block employs the Four-Step Search (4SS) method as its primary algorithm. The design and the algorithm have been optimized to provide adequate results for low-quality video at low-power consumption. The model is developed in VHDL and synthesized using a 0.35 um CMOS library. Power consumption of both gate-level circuits and memory-accesses have been considered. Gate-level simulation shows the proposed design offers a 38% power reduction over a "baseline" implementation of a 4SS model and a 60% power reduction over a baseline Three-Step Search (TSS) model. Power savings through reduction of memory access is 26% over the TSS model and 32% over the 4SS model. The total power consumption of the proposed motion estimation block ranges from 7 - 9 mW and is dependent on the type of video being motion estimated.<br>Master of Science
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Kramer, Traci K. "A comprehensive evaluation of the four blocks literacy model as a balanced literacy program in the Princeton School District." Online version, 2000. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2000/2000kramert.pdf.
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Carda, Vojtěch. "Bytový dům v Třebíči." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265716.
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The content of this thesis is to design four storey block of flats. The house is supposed to be passive. The building is four storey basement, roofed hipped roof, with flat roof operation served as a terrace. The building is located on a plot of number 1037/28 in the village Trebic, cadastral area Trebic. Supporting structures of the house are made of monolithic reinforced concrete frame with masonry infill of clay brick blocks THERM. The building is insulated contact insulation system EPS boards. The roofing is done using a timber truss. The house is based on the base plate. The project includes a seminar work assessing thermal technical and acoustic properties of structures.
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Horňáková, Veronika. "Polyfunkční dům Dělnická." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265580.
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The subject of diploma thesis is processing of the desing documentation for new multifunctional building in the street Dělnická, cadastre unit Komín, Brno - Komin. The building is a 3 floors and one underground floor and is designed as a last building in the street on the nearly flat land. In the building is located non-residential space, dwelling units and studios. Non-residential space comprise seven parking spaces in a public underground garage, two stores barrier-free solution with the facilities and two studios 1 + 1. The residential part has two dwelling units 1 + kk, two dwelling units 2 +1 and two dwelling units 4 + kk. The building is based on a waterproof concrete structure "white tub". The vertical structure is built of clay blocks Porotherm, horizontal structures are cast-in-place reinforced concrete. The exterior building envelope is completed with thermal insulation. An internal staircase is cast-in-place reinforced concrete. The entrance to the garage for cars is possible by Autolift. The building is roofed with warm flat roof. The drawings are processed in AutoCAD software visualization are processed in Sketch Up
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Sätterman, Johan, Oscar Idman, and Oscar Lenhav. "Hollow Blocks in Tanzania : A Study Regarding the Domestic Market for Sustainable Concrete Block Innovations." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Ekonomihögskolan, ELNU, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-19859.
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Abstract Purpose: The purpose of the study is to identify why the Tanzanian market for cement blocks have not adapted hollow blocks instead of solid ditto and, if possible, present recommendations for market activities. Design/methodology/approach: Implemented by action research methodology, this minor field study financed by Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency targets issues regarding the relatively poor housing standard in Tanzania through a business development perspective. Furthermore, the study covers what obstacles for new, more sustainable and price-efficient products are to identify in the Tanzanian market. Findings: An implementation of hollow blocks in the concrete block market surrounding Dar es Salaam would be beneficial from several aspects (e.g. economical, environmental, societal), but there are also factors that hinder such an implementation. The market’s consumers tend to not get the information about new techniques and innovations; hence to this lack of knowledge and awareness of alternatives, they stick to more traditional ways that they know more of. The consumers that do know of the new materials often disbeliefs the producers’ ability to make the quantity or quality demanded. Unawareness and distrust results in that few ask for new alternatives. The producers who put their main focus on supplying what the customers specifically asks for will therefore not start to produce the new alternatives, in this case hollow blocks. Thus, new innovations and the knowledge of the production of it do not spread easily. To implement new innovations some actor(s) to bare the risk is needed - pioneers that either commence producing the material themselves or, at least, encourage/provide incitements for producers and consumers to gain knowledge of them. The ones who have the possibility to carry risks in the concrete market surrounding Dar es Salaam are the large cement producers and the governmental institutions. They are also stakeholders who will benefit the most from taking the pioneer approach. Originality/value: The study offers insights into the Tanzanian market for cement blocks for building construction by focusing on adaption of a block innovation that can reduce the Co2 emissions due to less raw material use per block. Keywords: Sustainable Business Development, Innovation, Housing standard, Tanzania. Type of study: Bachelor Thesis in Enterprising and Business Development, Linnaeus University, Sweden.<br>Minor Field Study
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Minářová, Klára. "Zázemí biatlonového areálu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265618.
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The subject of the thesis is processing of project documentation for the new building of biathlon bleachers and sport facilities. The compound is located in the town of Staré Město pod Landštejnem, situated on a plot of land no.1818/6. The building is detached, designed partly as a double-deck and in the remaining part as four-storey. The supporting structure is designed as a solid reinforced concrete prefabricated skeletal system, supplemented by filling brick blocks. The compound is based on foundation plinths and the bleachers on foundations. The ceiling construction is made up of POD ceramic panels. The roof is designed as a single skin flat roof with the powder of washed river stone, and the roof above the duplex part is designed as a walkable roof with a wear layer of paving on supports. The project was prepared using a computer program AutoCAD. When processing, the emphasis was placed on the correct layout design, architectural design, static requirements and the safe use of the building.
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Šindlář, Josef. "Ubytovací zařízení." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392244.
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The subject of this master thesis is a project for the construction of accommodation facility with a basement. The building is located in Ostrava close to the historical centre of the city. The building is a 4starcategory accommodation facility and will serve as temporary accommodation. There will be a restaurant and a gym designed for hotel guests only. The accommodation capacity is 68 guests. A car park for hotel visitors is situated close to the hotel. It is a brick structure made of sand-lime blocks,monolithic ceilings and a first underground floor. The building is insulated with ETICS system. Paste-like plaster and brick tapes were used for facade construction. The roof is made up of one roof surface and the foundation will be realized on the foundation strips. The building is situated on flat terrain. The project was developed in ArchiCad21, AutoCad 2016 and SketchUp.
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Ben, Hamad Alexander. "Polyfunkční dům ve Střelicích." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-239972.
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Diploma thesis is focused on design and elaboration of detailed design of polyfunctional building by Střelice, Brno-venkov the parcel number5804/4 and 5804/5. Proposition of the object respects both commune plan and current street buildings. It‘s not supposed to create stress with its shape and size, but complete actual buildings. It has four elevated floors, one basement and flat roof. Building has commercial space, mass garage and flats, it‘s determinate for study purpose.
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Pícha, Libor. "Novostavba bytového domu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-371968.
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Diploma thesis „ Newly bulit apartment house“ deals with a proposal of block of flats in Veselí nad Lužnicí. The block of flats has got four storeys with no celler, and is in a rectangle shape. It is independently built house on a flat terrain. Bricked construction consists of ceramic constructuion blocks Heluz and reinforced concrete ceilings. The building is based on foundation belts and is roofed by a single-coat flat roof. There are 29 housing units designed in the building.
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Slezáková, Tereza. "Polyfunkční dům." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-410093.
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This diploma thesis depicts project documentation for realization of a mixed-use building in Hradec Králové. The designed object includes fifteen flats in four storeys, a café, a hairdressing salon and no cellar. Vertical load-bearing walls of the first storey are designed to be built of reinforced concrete. Vertical load-bearing walls of the other storeys are designed to be built of ceramic blocks. The outside wall is insulated with expanded facade polystyrene and plastered with a thin-layer textured cream plaster. The last storey has a ventilated facade made of fibre reinforced concrete panels. The openings are filled with plastic windows including an aluminium entrance door with a fanlight. Horizontal constructions are made of monolithic reinforced concrete panels which are reinforced in one dimension. The roofing in designed as a flat roof with a layer of vegetation. The foundations of the multifunctional house are based on concrete piles and a reinforced concrete slab. The design of the object respects current housing in the area. The diploma thesis includes a basic review of construction physics and fire safety layout.
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Bintz, Nicola A. "The Transition from Cell Blocks to Street Blocks: An Examination of the Relationship Between Placement and Recidivism." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1382705960.
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Guy, Andrew W. P. "Building blocks for implicit surfaces." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ31350.pdf.
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Baker, Raymond. "Concrete blocks for dam spillways." Thesis, University of Salford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334011.
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Stokes, Robert James. "Building blocks for nanoscale engineering." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.401608.
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Raiman, Jonathan (Jonathan Raphael). "Building blocks for the mind." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/112425.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, June 2017.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. "February 2015." Thesis pagination reflects the way it was delivered to the Institute Archives.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 93-102).<br>Successful man-machine interaction requires justification and transparency for the behavior of the machine. Artificial agents now perform a variety of high risk jobs alongside humans: the need for justification is apparent when we consider the millions of dollars that can be lost by robotic traders in the stock market over misreading online news [9] or the hundreds of lives that could be saved if the behavior of plane autopilots was better understood [1]. Current state of the art approaches to man-machine interaction within a dialog, which use sentiment analysis, recommender systems, or information retrieval algorithms, fail to provide a rationale for their predictions or their internal behavior. In this thesis, I claim that making the machine selective in the elements considered in its final computation, by enforcing sparsity at the Machine Learning stage, reveals the machine's behavior and provides justification to the user. My second claim is that selectivity in the machine's inputs acts as Occam's Razor: rather than hindering performance, enforcing sparsity allows the trained Machine Learning model to better generalize to unseen data. I support my first claim concerning transparency and justification through two separate experiments that are each fundamental to Man-Machine interaction: - Recommender System: Interactive plan resolution using Uhura and user profiles represented by ontologies, - Sentiment Analysis: Text climax as support for predictions. In the first experiment, I find that the trained system's recommendations agree better with human decisions than existing several baselines which rely on state of the art topic modelling methods that do not enforce sparsity in the input data. In the second experiment, I obtain a new state of the art result on Sentiment Analysis and show that the trained system can now provide justification by pinpointing climactic moments in the original text that influence the sentiment of the text, unlike competing approaches. My second claim about sparsity's regularization benefits is supported with another set of experiments, where I demonstrate significant improvement over non-sparse baselines in 3 challenging Machine Learning tasks.<br>by Jonathan Raiman.<br>S.M.
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Miranda, David J. "Music Blocks: Design and Preliminary Evaluation of Interactive Tangible Block Games with Audio and Visual Feedback for Cognitive Assessment and Training." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1516970991068766.
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Buttler, David John. "Building blocks for composable web services." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2003. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04082004-180046/unrestricted/buttler%5Fdavid%5F200312%5Fphd.pdf.
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De, Prisco Roberto. "On building blocks for distributed systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87155.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, February 2000.<br>"December 1999."<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 174-180).<br>by Roberto De Prisco.<br>Ph.D.
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Ruengrot, Pornrat. "Perfect isometry groups for blocks of finite groups." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/perfect-isometry-groups-for-blocks-of-finite-groups(092f1a9a-1583-4e8e-b285-a77c49e48765).html.
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Our aim is to investigate perfect isometry groups, which are invariants for blocks of finite groups. There are two subgoals. First is to study some properties of perfect isometry groups in general. We found that every perfect isometry has essentially a unique sign. This allowed us to show that, in many cases, a perfect isometry group contains a direct factor generated by -id. The second subgoal is to calculate perfect isometry groups for various blocks. Notable results include the perfect isometry groups for blocks with defect 1, abelian p-groups, extra special p-groups, and the principal 2-block of the Suzuki group Sz(q). In the case of blocks with defect 1, we also showed that every perfect isometry can be induced by a derived equivalence. With the help of a computer, we also calculated perfect isometry groups for some blocks of sporadic simple groups.Apart from perfect isometries, we also investigated self-isotypies in the special case where C_G(x) is a p-group whenever x is a p-element. We applied our result to calculate isotypies in cyclic p-groups and the principal 2-blocks of the Suzuki group Sz(q).
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Fazio, Fabio. "Building blocks for 2-deoxy-L-nucleosides." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=963273434.
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Deslippe, Christopher N. "New organopalladium building blocks for supramolecular chemistry." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0010/MQ52455.pdf.
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McPherson, Andrew 1982. "Interconnectable blocks for music and audio processing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33289.
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Thesis (M. Eng. and S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2005.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 121).<br>This thesis describes the technical implementation of a set of interconnectable blocks designed to be used by children to explore the possibilities of digital sound manipulation. In contrast to similar modular systems, this project places an emphasis on achieving the minimum possible cost. Every aspect of the design from the circuitry to the high-level code will be covered. Two particular innovations will be described in detail: first, a new method of combining power, data, and clock signals onto a single wire, and second, a method of determining the topology of a network of devices usually connected electrically in parallel.<br>by Andrew P.McPherson.<br>M.Eng.and S.B.
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Guermandi, Marco <1981>. "Enabling Blocks for Integrated CMOS UWB Transceivers." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1538/.
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The last decades have seen an unrivaled growth and diffusion of mobile telecommunications. Several standards have been developed to this purposes, from GSM mobile phone communications to WLAN IEEE 802.11, providing different services for the the transmission of signals ranging from voice to high data rate digital communications and Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB).
In this wide research and market field, this thesis focuses on Ultra Wideband (UWB) communications, an emerging technology for providing very high data rate transmissions over very short distances. In particular the presented research deals with the circuit design of enabling blocks for MB-OFDM UWB CMOS single-chip transceivers, namely the frequency synthesizer and the transmission mixer and power amplifier.
First we discuss three different models for the simulation of chargepump phase-locked loops, namely the continuous time s-domain and discrete time z-domain approximations and the exact semi-analytical time-domain model. The limitations of the two approximated models are analyzed in terms of error in the computed settling time as a function of loop parameters, deriving practical conditions under which the different models are reliable for fast settling PLLs up to fourth order.
Besides, a phase noise analysis method based upon the time-domain model is introduced and compared to the results obtained by means of the s-domain model. We compare the three models over the simulation of a fast switching PLL to be integrated in a frequency synthesizer for WiMedia MB-OFDM UWB systems.
In the second part, the theoretical analysis is applied to the design of a 60mW 3.4 to 9.2GHz 12 Bands frequency synthesizer for MB-OFDM UWB based on two wide-band PLLs. The design is presented and discussed up to layout level. A test chip has been implemented in TSMC CMOS 90nm technology, measured data is provided. The functionality of the circuit is proved and specifications are met with state-of-the-art area occupation and power consumption.
The last part of the thesis deals with the design of a transmission mixer and a power amplifier for MB-OFDM UWB band group 1. The design has been carried on up to layout level in ST Microlectronics 65nm CMOS technology. Main characteristics of the systems are the wideband behavior (1.6 GHz of bandwidth) and the constant behavior over process parameters, temperature and supply voltage thanks to the design of dedicated adaptive biasing circuits.
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Colli, Alan. "Semiconductor nanowires as building blocks for nanotechnology." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612357.
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Nwofor, Uchenna Josephine. "Anionic heptadentate complexes as building blocks for bimodal imaging." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/anionic-heptadentate-complexes-as-building-blocks-for-bimodal-imaging(beea2cd1-596d-4bf0-9282-014dcefe8710).html.
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Contrast agents are used in over 35% of MRI scans today and their use is increasing as they become ever more sophisticated. The challenge for researchers in this field is to synthesise smart imaging agents, which can be addressed using more than one imaging modality. The ultimate goal of these types of contrast agents is to be able to increase the contrast between normal and diseased tissue with smaller amounts of the agent being administered. This thesis describes the synthesis of complexes that are designed to have increased hydration numbers and rapid solvent exchange. The key to designing clinically effective contrast agents of this type is to minimize the affinity the contrast agent for endogenous anions such as phosphate that can exclude water from the inner coordination sphere, inhibiting exchange and reducing the relaxivity. A hexaanionic ligand was synthesized by tri-alkylation of cyclen with the dimethyl ester of N-isophthaloylchloroacetamide and subsequent hydrolysis. Lanthanide complexes of the ester and acid form of the ligand were synthesized and were shown to be luminescent. Relaxometric and time-resolved studies were used to establish that phosphate binding is not significantly inhibited in the anionic complex, suggesting that proximate negative charge is essential to inhibition of anion binding. Lanthanide complexes of DO3P and a bisDO3P analogue containing a bipyridyl bridge were also prepared, and shown to be more effective at inhibiting phosphate binding, though their properties exhibit dependence on pH. The bipyridyl derivative was used to prepare rhenium containing d-f hybrid complexes. These exhibited luminescence from both the rhenium MLCT and the lanthanide, though sensitized emission from the ytterbium is inefficient as a consequence of poor spectral overlap, Routes towards preparation of ligands bearing pyridylphosphinate pendent arms have also been explored.
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Egaña, Iztueta Lander, and Martínez Javier Roda. "Function Block Algorithms for Adaptive Robotic Control." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-9733.
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The purpose of this project is the creation of an adaptive Function Block control system, and the implementation of Artificial Intelligence integrated within the Function Block control system, using IEC 61499 standard to control an ABB 6-axis virtual robot, simulated in the software RobotStudio. To develop these objectives, we studied a lot of necessary concepts and how to use three different softwares. To learn how to use the softwares, some tests were carried out. RobotStudio is a program developed by ABB Robotics Company where an ABB robot and a station are simulated. There, we designed and created a virtual assembly cell with the virtual IRB140 robot and the necessary pieces to simulate the system. To control the robot and the direct access to the different tools of RobotStudio, it is necessary to use an application programming interface (API) developed by ABB Robotics Company. C sharp (C#) language is used to program using the API, but this language is not supported by the Function Block programming software nxtStudio. Because of this, we used VisualStudio software. In this software, we use the API libraries to start and stop the robot and load a RAPID file in the controller. In a RAPID file the instructions that the robot must follow are written. So, we had to learn about how to program in C# language and how to use VisualStudio software. Also, to learn about IEC 61499 standard it was necessary to read some books. This standard determines how an application should be programmed through function blocks. A function block is a unit of program with a certain functionality which contains data and variables that can be manipulated in the same function block by several algorithms. To program in this standard we learnt how to use nxtStudio software, consuming a lot of time because the program is quite complex and it is not much used in the industrial world yet. Some tests were performed to learn different programing skills in this standard, such as how to use UDP communication protocol and how to program interfaces. Learning UDP communication was really useful because it is necessary for communication between nxtStudio and other programs, and also learning how to use interfaces to let the user access the program. Once we had learnt about how to use and program the different softwares and languages, we began to program the project. Then, we had some troubles with nxtStudio because strings longer than fourteen characters cannot be used here. So, a motion alarm was developed in VisualStudio program. And another important limitation of nxtStudio is that C++ language cannot be used. Therefore, the creation of an Artificial Intelligence system was not possible. So, we created a Function Block control system. This system is a logistical system realised through loops, conditions and counters. All this makes the robot more adaptive. As the AI could not be carried out because of the different limitations, we theoretically designed the AI system. It will be possible to implement the AI when the limitations and the problems are solved.
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Wyeth, Peta. "Electronic blocks : a new resource for technology education /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17576.pdf.
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Allared, Fredrik. "Synthesis of new building blocks for conjugated oligomers." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Chemistry, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3782.
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<p>This thesis deals with the synthesis of new organicmaterials for electronic applications. Several new ring-formingmethods are employed to construct sulphur heterocycles: Tandemelectrophilic aromatic substitution and acid-catalyzedtransetherification of methoxythiophene, double electrophilicaromatic substitutions with ethane-1, 2-disulphenyl chloride,and also, the reaction of dienes with sulphur dichloride. Twonew condensed thiophenes have been incorporated in end-cappedoligothiophenes. An improvement of the synthesis of [3,2-b:2, 3-d]thiophene is reported, with some attempts toincorporate it in oligomers. A synthesis of substitutednaphthalenes is also described. A new method of producingdisubstituted thiophenes from substituted butadienes anssulphur dichloride is employed in a new route to 3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene, a very important monomer for conductingpolymers.</p><p><b>Keywords :</b>Organic Semiconductors, Thiophenes,Heterocyclic Synthesis, Dithienothiophene, Naphthalene,Ethylenedioxythiophene</p>
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Price, Clayton. "Metal-nucleobase complexes : building blocks for supramolecular chemistry." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244473.
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Shipman, Michelle Anne. "Nucleobase complexes : building blocks for metallo-supramolecular assemblies." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327241.
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Ah-Kee, Jean Alain. "Operation decomposition proof obligations for blocks and procedures." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.330292.
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Pla, i. Conesa Pol. "Display blocks : cubic displays for multi-perspective visualizations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77808.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2012.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 91-95).<br>This thesis details the design, execution and evaluation of a new type of display technology, known as Display Blocks. Display Blocks are a response to two major limitations of current displays: visualization and interaction. Each device consist of six organic light emitting diode screens, arranged in a cubic form factor. I explore the possibilities that this type of display holds for data visualization, manipulation and exploration. To this end, I also propose a series of accompanying applications that leverage the design of the displays. To begin assessing the potential of this platform and to define future directions in which to expand this research, I report on a series of interviews I conducted regarding the potential of Display Blocks with relevant technologists, interaction designers, data visualizers and educators. The work encompassed in this thesis shows the promise of display technologies which use their form factor as a cue to understanding their content.<br>by Pol Pla i Conesa.<br>S.M.
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Jeffery, Stephen Paul. "Metallodithiolate ligands as building blocks for molecular constructions." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1707.
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Singleton, Daniel. "Porphyrin substituted DNA : building blocks for novel nanostructures." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/354563/.
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Porphyrin-modified DNA duplexes have been studied in detail for the last 10 years. It is well known that G-rich DNA sequences of the type (GGGX)4 can form stable intramolecular quadruplex structures containing stacks of G quartets in the presence of monovalent cations such as potassium. The synthesis of novel G-quadruplex forming DNA sequences based on the human telomeric repeat (GGGTTA)x where porphyrins are covalently attached to thymidine is presented. It is shown that the porphyrin modification offers a large degree of stabilisation to the G-quadruplex. Structural studies have revealed that the porphyrin modification does not bias the formation of a single G quadruplex. However, one exception was observed for a G quadruplex with two porphyrin modifications. Further insight into the interactions between the porphyrin and the G-quadruplex were achieved by molecular dynamic simulations. The synthesis of novel porphyrin-modified locked nucleic acids (LNA) is presented. It was hoped that the LNA modification would provide stability to the porphyrin-modified DNA duplex as porphyrin modifications have previously been found to destabilise duplex DNA. The structure and stability of the DNA was assessed in detail using circular dichroism spectroscopy. Finally, a new method of synthesising porphyrin-modified DNA using polymerases to incorporate porphyrin triphosphates into oligonucleotides is presented. The synthesis of novel porphyrin triphosphates is described. A variety of polymerases were assessed on whether they could incorporate these triphosphates into oligonucleotides. Multiple incorporations of these porphyrin-modified triphosphates showed that they were a good substrate for certain polymerases and with further development this method could be a viable route to synthesis of porphyrin-modified DNA.
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Kennedy, Nicholas Edwards. "Seismic Design Manual for Interlocking Compressed Earth Blocks." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2013. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1049.
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Seismic Design Manual for Interlocking Compressed Earth Blocks
Nicholas Edwards Kennedy
This thesis presents a comprehensive seismic design manual to be used to design and construct simple Interlocking Compressed Earth Block (ICEB) structures in seismically active regions. ICEBs are earth blocks made primarily of soil and stabilized with cement. They have female and male stud mechanisms designed to interlock when stacked, eliminating the need for mortar. The blocks can accept reinforcement and grout after they are placed. While ICEB construction is similar to conventional masonry construction, current design code standards for masonry only partially capture the actual behavior of ICEB structures. This thesis seeks to supplement the existing masonry design procedures and tailor them for use with ICEBs.
Additionally, this paper presents a preliminary design of ICEB shear walls for a disaster reconstruction project in the Philippines. While many structures in Southeast Asia and the Malay Archipelago are constructed from earthen blocks, very few are engineered. Of those that are, a lack of formal design guidance specific to ICEB construction leaves most engineers and designers with conventional concrete masonry design practices, some of which are not applicable for use with ICEBs.
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Semlitsch, Stefan. "Building blocks for polymer synthesis by enzymatic catalysis." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industriell bioteknologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-212499.
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The search for alternatives to oil-based monomers has sparked interest for scientists to focus on the use of renewable resources for energy production, for the synthesis of polymeric materials and in other areas. With the use of renewable resources, scientists face new challenges to first isolate interesting molecules and then to process them. Enzymes are nature’s own powerful catalysts and display a variety of activities. They regulate important functions in life. They can also be used for chemical synthesis due to their efficiency, selectivity and mild reaction conditions. The selectivity of the enzyme allows specific reactions enabling the design of building blocks for polymers. In the work presented here, a lipase (Candida antarctica lipase B (CalB)) was used to produce building blocks for polymers. An efficient route was developed to selectively process epoxy-functional fatty acids into resins with a variety of functional groups (maleimide, oxetane, thiol, methacrylate). These oligoester structures, based on epoxy fatty acids from birch bark and vegetable oils, could be selectively cured to form thermosets with tailored properties. The specificity of an esterase with acyl transfer activity from Mycobacterium smegmatis (MsAcT) was altered by rational design. The produced variants increased the substrate scope and were then used to synthesize amides in water, where the wild type showed no conversion. A synthetic procedure was developed to form mixed dicarboxylic esters by selectively reacting only one side of divinyl adipate in order to introduce additional functional groups.<br><p>QC 20170823</p>
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Häkkinen, J. (Juha). "Integrated RF building blocks for base station applications." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2003. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:951426908X.
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Abstract
This thesis studies the level of performance achievable using today's standard IC processes in the integrated RF subcircuits of the modern GSM base station. The thesis concentrates on those circuit functions, i.e. I/Q modulators, variable gain amplifiers and frequency synthesizers, most relevant for integration in the base station environment as pinpointed by studying the receiver/transmitter architectures available today.
Several RF integrated circuits have been designed, fabricated and their level of performance measured. All main circuits were fabricated in a standard double-metal double-poly 1.2 and 0.8 μm BiCMOS process. Key circuit structures and their measured properties are: 90° phase shifter with ±1° phase error with VCC = 4.5…5.5 V and T = -10…+85 °C, I/Q modulator suitable for operation at output frequencies from 100 MHz to 1 GHz and baseband frequencies from 60 to 500 kHz (2.0 mm × 2.0 mm, 100 mA, 5.0 V) with LO suppression of 38 dBc and image rejection of 41 dBc, temperature compensated DC to 1.5 GHz variable gain amplifier (1.15 mm × 2.00 mm, 100 mA, 5.0 V) with a linear 50 dB gain adjustment range, maximum gain of 18.5 dB and gain variation of 1 dB up to 700 MHz over the whole operating conditions range of VCC = 4.5…5.5 V and T = -10…+85 °C, a complete bipolar semicustom synthesizer (90…122 mA, 5.0 V) and two complete full-custom BiCMOS synthesizer chips including all building blocks of a PLL-based synthesizer except for the voltage controlled oscillator and the loop filter. The synthesizers include circuit structures such as ∼2 GHz multi-modulus divider and low-noise programmable phase detector/charge pump (18.7 pA/√Hz at Iout = 500 μA) and have an exemplar phase noise performance of -110 dBc/Hz at 200 kHz offset.
One of the main problems of the integer-N PLL based synthesizer when used in a multichannel telecommunications system is the level of spurious signals at the output, when the synthesizer is optimised for fast frequency switching. Therefore, a method using only two current pulses to make the frequency step response of the loop faster, thus allowing a narrower loop bandwidth to be used for additional spur suppression, is proposed. The operation of the proposed speed-up method is analysed mathematically and verified by measurements of an existing RF-IC synthesizer operating at 800 MHz. Measurements show that simple current pulses can be used to speed up the channel switching of a practical RF synthesizer having a frequency step time in the tens of μs range. In the example, a 7.65 MHz frequency step was made seven times faster using the proposed method.
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Bejugam, Mallesham. "Synthesis of glycopeptides as building blocks for glycoproteins." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/13795.
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Chemical glycopeptide synthesis requires access to gram quantities of glyco-amino acid building blocks. An efficient and fast synthetic route has been developed for such building blocks with high yields using microwave-assisted Kochetkov amination as a key reaction. The resulting glyco-amino acid building blocks were successfully incorporated into target glycopeptides by Fmoc-solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) and were characterized by LC-MS and HRMS(FAB). The glycopeptides were used to investigate the effect of glycosylation on enzymatic cleavage of peptide bonds. At first, enzyme-cleavable linkers for solid-phase peptide and glycopeptide synthesis were developed. Commonly used hydroxymethyphenoxy linker (Wang Linker) in solid phase peptide synthesis was surprisingly susceptible to efficient cleavage to serine protease chymotrypsin. In order to investigate this observation further a broad range of amino acid residues were coupled to PEGA<sub>1900</sub> resin using the Wang linker and subsequent treatment with chymotrypsin gave cleavage of the amino acids of the resin in quantitative yields. A similar strategy was also applied to a glyco-tripeptide and again chymotrypsin hydrolysis gave glycopeptide in quantitative yield. It was also established that not only the acid-labile linker (HMPA) but also base labile (HMBA) and unreactive ester (HOA) linkers could be cleaved using chymotrypsin. The solid supported peptide and glycopeptides were then used to study the effect of glycosylation on proteolytic hydrolysis of peptides with two different proteases such as chymotrypsin and thermolysin. Our hydrolysis results in combination with those of others show that protection from hydrolysis is highly dependent on the individual protease and also on the position of the glycosylation site in respect to the scissile bond.
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Thomas, Rhian. "Formation for enantiopure pyrroline building blocks for natural product synthesis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504609.
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Gomes, Correia Cindy. "Directed self-assembly strategies for orientation-controlled block copolymers for advanced lithography." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0393.
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L’objectif de ce travail était de mettre en évidence le potentiel du PDMSBb-PS pour des applications en nanolithographie avancée. Pour cela, nous avons fourni une compréhension du comportement d’auto-assemblage du PDMSB-b-PS en masse et en film mince. Nous avons réalisé l’auto-assemblage de ce copolymère semicristallin en cylindre et gyroïde bien définis avec des périodicités inférieures à 20 nm grâce à un paramètre d’interaction de Flory-Huggins élevé (Chapitre 2). Nous avons par la suite proposé une approche pour obtenir des lamelles perpendiculaires du PDMSB-b-PS en film mince grâce à l’utilisation de sur-couches neutres réticulables. La polyvalence de cette approche a été démontrée à l’aide de CPBs de masses moléculaires différentes et s’est ensuite étendue à la formation d’empilements via un processus d’auto-assemblage itératif (chapitre 3). Enfin, nous avons réticulé la surcouche neutre à l’aide d’agents photo-sensibles ce qui nous a permis d’obtenir un motif par photolithographie au-dessus du film CPB. Ainsi, il a été possible de contrôler l’orientation du CPB à des endroits spécifiques du film (Chapitre 4)<br>The objective of our work was to highlight the potential of the high-χ PDMSB-b-PS BCP for advanced nanolithography applications. For this purpose, we have demonstrated the ability of our system to self-assemble into well-defined nanostructures in bulk and we have performed the self-assembly of cylinder- and gyroid-forming PDMSB-b-PS BCPs in thin film using industrially-friendly processes (Chapter 2). With the aim of controlling the out-of-plane orientation of lamellar-forming PDMSB-b-PS BCPs in thin film, we have proposed an innovative approach relying on the use of crosslinkable neutral TC layers. The versatility of this approach was demonstrated using BCPs having different macromolecular characteristics and extended to the formation of multi-layer stacks through an iterative self-assembly process (Chapter 3). Taking advantage of the crosslinking ability of our TC material, we have outlined the patterning ability of the TCs using photosensitive crosslinking agents. The patterning of neutral TCs above the lamellar-forming PDMSB-b-PS BCPs further allowed a control of the orientation of the PDMSB-b-PS domains in specific areas of the film (Chapter 4)
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George, Elijah O. "Polymer capsules as building blocks for soft, connected mesostructures." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/9808.
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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2009.<br>Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering . Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Hinrichs, Heino. "Ethynyl[2.2]paracyclophanes building blocks for carbon rich compounds /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=975728342.
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Hawley, J. C. "Tin(IV) porphyrins as building blocks for supramolecular chemistry." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.603869.
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Chapter 1 provides an overview of the properties of metalloporphyrins and an insight into the potential for their use in molecular recognition. A more detailed summary of the chemistry of Sn(II) and Sn(IV) porphyrins is also presented. In Chapter 2 general methods for the preparation of Sn(IV) dihydroxo and dicarboxylate porphyrins, and the synthesis of the Sn(IV) porphyrin host molecules investigated in this study are described. Details of the spectroscopic characteristics of Sn(IV) porphyrins are included. <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR spectroscopy experiments undertaken to gain a greater understanding of the Sn(IV) porphyrin carboxylate binding interaction are reported in Chapter 3. The results of this work and parallel correlations observed in <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR spectroscopy and X-ray structure parameters of Sn(IV) dicarboxylate porphyrins are related to a proposed mechanism for the binding of carboxylates to Sn(IV) dihydroxo porphyrins, and a rationale of the equilibrium between carboxylic acids and Sn(IV) dihydroxo porphyrins. The exploration through <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR spectroscopic experiments of the binding site and kinetic/thermodynamic preferences of carboxylates in coordinating Sn(IV) dihydroxo cyclic porphyrin oligomers is described in Chapter 4. Descriptions of the assignment of 2D NMR spectra of dicarboxylate complexes of Sn(IV) porphyrin oligomers and the consequent interpretation of the structure of such complexes are presented. Attempts to prepare a Sn(IV) porphyrin receptor molecule via the cyclisation of a linear porphyrin trimer under Glaser-Hay conditions and the difficulties thereby encountered are discussed in Chapter 5.
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Li, Bing, and 李兵. "Aminoxy acids as building blocks for turns and helices." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31240549.
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俞佩賢 and Pui-yin Yu. "Metal alkylidyne complexes as building blocks for molecular materials." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31238002.
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Li, Bing. "Aminoxy acids as building blocks for turns and helices /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21981929.
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Yu, Pui-yin. "Metal alkylidyne complexes as building blocks for molecular materials /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19470514.
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Mahoney, James Victor. "Image chunking : defining spatial building blocks for scene analysis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14942.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1987.<br>MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING.<br>Bibliography: leaves 181-184.<br>by James V. Mahoney.<br>M.S.
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Harikumar, Prakash. "Building Blocks for Low-Voltage Analog-to-Digital Interfaces." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Elektroniksystem, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-111958.
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In today’s system-on-chip (SoC) implementations, power consumption is a key performance specification. The proliferation of mobile communication devices and distributed wireless sensor networks has necessitated the development of power-efficient analog, radio-frequency (RF), and digital integrated circuits. The rapid scaling of CMOS technology nodes presents opportunities and challenges. Benefits accrue in terms of integration density and higher switching speeds for the digital logic. However, the concomitant reduction in supply voltage and reduced gain of transistors pose obstacles to the design of highperformance analog and mixed-signal circuits such as analog front-ends (AFEs) and data converters. To achieve high DC gain, multistage amplifiers are becoming necessary in AFEs and analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) implemented in the latest CMOS process nodes. This thesis includes the design of multistage amplifiers in 40 nm and 65 nm CMOS processes. An AFE for capacitive body-coupled communication is presented with transistor schematic level results in 40 nm CMOS. The AFE consists of a cascade of amplifiers to boost the received signal followed by a Schmitt trigger which provides digital signal levels at the output. Low noise and reduced power consumption are the important performance criteria for the AFE. A two-stage, single-ended amplifier incorporating indirect compensation using split-length transistors has been designed. The compensation technique does not require the nulling resistor used in traditional Miller compensation. The AFE consisting of a cascade of three amplifiers achieves 57.6 dB DC gain with an input-referred noise power spectral density (PSD) of 4.4 nV/<img src="http://www.diva-portal.org/cgi-bin/mimetex.cgi?%5Csmall%5Csqrt%7BHz%7D" /> while consuming 6.8 mW. Numerous compensation schemes have been proposed in the literature for multistage amplifiers. Most of these works investigate frequency compensation of amplifiers which drive large capacitive loads and require low unity-gain frequency. In this thesis, the frequency compensation schemes for high-speed, lowvoltage multistage CMOS amplifiers driving small capacitive loads have been investigated. Existing compensation schemes such as the nested Miller compensation with nulling resistor (NMCNR) and reversed nested indirect compensation (RNIC) have been applied to four-stage and three-stage amplifiers designed in 40 nm and 65 nm CMOS, respectively. The performance metrics used for comparing the different frequency compensation schemes are the unity gain frequency, phase margin (PM), and total amount of compensation capacitance used. From transistor schematic simulation results, it is concluded that RNIC is more efficient than NMCNR. Successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are becoming increasingly popular in a wide range of applications due to their high power efficiency, design simplicity and scaling-friendly architecture. Singlechannel SAR ADCs have reached high resolutions with sampling rates exceeding 50 MS/s. Time-interleaved SAR ADCs have pushed beyond 1 GS/s with medium resolution. The generation and buffering of reference voltages is often not the focus of published works. For high-speed SAR ADCs, due to the sequential nature of the successive approximation algorithm, a high-frequency clock for the SAR logic is needed. As the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) output voltage needs to settle to the desired accuracy within half clock cycle period of the system clock, a speed limitation occurs due to imprecise DAC settling. The situation is exacerbated by parasitic inductance of bondwires and printed circuit board (PCB) traces especially when the reference voltages are supplied off-chip. In this thesis, a power efficient reference voltage buffer with small area has been implemented in 180 nm CMOS for a 10-bit 1 MS/s SAR ADC which is intended to be used in a fingerprint sensor. Since the reference voltage buffer is part of an industrial SoC, critical performance specifications such as fast settling, high power supply rejection ratio (PSRR), and low noise have to be satisfied under mismatch conditions and over the entire range of process, supply voltage and temperature (PVT) corners. A single-ended, current-mirror amplifier with cascodes has been designed to buffer the reference voltage. Performance of the buffer has been verified by exhaustive simulations on the post-layout extracted netlist. Finally, we describe the design of a 10-bit 50 MS/s SAR ADC in 65 nmCMOS with a high-speed, on-chip reference voltage buffer. In a SAR ADC, the capacitive array DAC is the most area-intensive block. Also a binary-weighted capacitor array has a large spread of capacitor values for moderate and high resolutions which leads to increased power consumption. In this work, a split binary-weighted capacitive array DAC has been used to reduce area and power consumption. The proposed ADC has bootstrapped sampling switches which meet 10-bit linearity over all PVT corners and a two-stage dynamic comparator. The important design parameters of the reference voltage buffer are derived in the context of the SAR ADC. The impact of the buffer on the ADC performance is illustrated by simulations using bondwire parasitics. In post-layout simulation which includes the entire pad frame and associated parasitics, the ADC achieves an ENOB of 9.25 bits at a supply voltage of 1.2 V, typical process corner, and sampling frequency of 50 MS/s for near-Nyquist input. Excluding the reference voltage buffer, the ADC achieves an energy efficiency of 25 fJ/conversion-step while occupying a core area of 0.055 mm2.
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Helbig, Achim, and Christoph Boes. "Electric Hydrostatic Actuation - modular building blocks for industrial applications." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-200007.
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Electro Hydrostatic Actuators (EHA) are emerging as a viable option for industrial machine builders as the design combines the best of both electro-mechanical and electro-hydraulic technologies. The EHA is a highly integrated, compact alternative to traditional hydraulic solutions. Automation engineers moving toward electro-mechanical actuation in pursuit of energy efficiency and environmental cleanliness, will find an EHA an attractive option for high force density actuators. This paper will address the factors to consider when assessing an industrial machine’s application suitability for this latest innovation in actuation. It describes principal base circuits, a concept for EHA building blocks and a realized pilot application as well as challenges on actuator and components level.