Relevant bibliographies by topics / Four electrode configuration

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Four electrode configuration'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2025
Last updated: 1 August 2025

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Four electrode configuration.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Four electrode configuration"

1

Makeyev, Oleksandr. "Comprehensive Optimization of the Tripolar Concentric Ring Electrode with Respect to the Accuracy of Laplacian Estimation Based on the Finite Dimensions Model of the Electrode." Engineering Proceedings 2, no. 1 (2020): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-7-08167.

Full text
Abstract:
Optimization performed in this study is based on the finite dimensions model of the concentric ring electrode as opposed to the negligible dimensions model widely used in the past. This makes the optimization problem comprehensive since all of the electrode parameters, including, for the first time, the radius of the central disc and individual widths of concentric rings, are optimized simultaneously. The optimization criterion used is maximizing the accuracy of the surface Laplacian estimation since the ability to estimate the Laplacian at each electrode constitutes the primary biomedical sig
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

ZHAO, Yanjun, Guohua NI, Wei LIU, et al. "Dynamic characteristics of multi-arc thermal plasma in four types of electrode configurations." Plasma Science and Technology 24, no. 5 (2022): 055407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ac4ee7.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract The enhanced volume of thermal plasma is produced by a multi-arc thermal plasma generator with three pairs of discharge electrodes driven by three directed current power suppliers. Combined with a high-speed camera and an oscilloscope, which acquire optical and electric signals synchronously, the dynamic behavior of different kinds of multi-arc discharge adjusted by the electrode arrangement is investigated. Also, the spatial distributions and instability of the arc discharge are analyzed in four electrode configurations using the gray value statistical method. It is found that the ca
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

You, Ilhwan, Seung-Jung Lee, Goangseup Zi, and Daehyun Lim. "Influence of Carbon Fiber Incorporation on Electrical Conductivity of Cement Composites." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24 (2020): 8993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10248993.

Full text
Abstract:
This study investigated the effects of carbon fiber (CF) length, electrode spacing, and probe configuration on the electrical conductivity of cement composites. Accordingly, 57 different types of samples were prepared, considering three different CF lengths, five different CF contents, three different electrode spacings, and two different probe configurations. This research found that the influence of CF length on the electrical resistivity of cement composite depends electrode spacing. For the cement composite with wide electrode spacing of 40 mm, its resistivity decreased as increasing CF le
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Mobarak, Mahjabin, and K. Siddique e. Rabbani. "Improving Deep Sensitivity of Four-Electrode Focused Impedance Method In Lungs by Varying Electrode Geometries." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Physics 15, no. 1 (2022): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmp.v15i1.63561.

Full text
Abstract:
Bio-Electrical impedance is of special interest in the detection and diagnosis of lung problems, particularly in the low and medium income countries. An age old simple technique employing four electrodes is known as ‘Tetra Polar Impedance Measurement (TPIM)’ but it cannot localize a particular zone of interest region. A new technique named as ‘Focused Impedance Method (FIM)’ was innovated by a Dhaka University group which gives high sensitivity in a localized zone of interest. Previously FIM was used from one side of the thorax which gave a rather limited information from the lungs, from shall
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Stalder, Stephanie A., Stéphanie van der Lely, Collene E. Anderson, et al. "Development of a Sham Protocol to Investigate Transcutaneous Tibial Nerve Stimulation in Randomised, Sham-Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Trials." Biomedicines 11, no. 7 (2023): 1931. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11071931.

Full text
Abstract:
Transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (TTNS) is a promising treatment for neurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms. However, the evidence is limited due to a general lack of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and, also, inconsistency in the sham and blinding conditions. In the context of much-needed RCTs, we aimed to develop a suitable sham-control protocol for a clinical setting to maintain blinding but avoid meaningful stimulation of the tibial nerve. Three potential electrode positions (lateral malleolus/5th metatarsal/plantar calcaneus) and two electrode sizes (diameter: 2.5 cm/3.2 cm) w
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Gamero-Quijano, Alonso, Andrés F. Molina-Osorio, Pekka Peljo, and Micheál D. Scanlon. "Closed bipolar electrochemistry in a four-electrode configuration." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 21, no. 19 (2019): 9627–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cp00774a.

Full text
Abstract:
The thermodynamic theory underpinning closed bipolar electrochemistry in a 4-electrode configuration is presented; a technique applicable to spectro-electroanalysis, energy storage, electrocatalysis and electrodeposition.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Aydogan, Alper, Fatih Atalar, Aysel Ersoy Yilmaz, and Pawel Rozga. "Using the Method of Harmonic Distortion Analysis in Partial Discharge Assessment in Mineral Oil in a Non-Uniform Electric Field." Energies 13, no. 18 (2020): 4830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13184830.

Full text
Abstract:
In high-voltage equipment, it is vital to detect any failure in advance. To do this, a determination of the partial discharges occurring at different voltage types as well as at different electrode configurations is essential for observing the oil condition. In this study, an experimental setup consisting of a needle–semi-sphere electrode configuration immersed in mineral oil is prepared for laboratory experiment. In such a way, a non-uniform electric field is created and the leakage currents are monitored from the grounded electrode. A total of six different electrode configurations are analy
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Saito, Genki, and Tomohiro Akiyama. "Nanomaterial Synthesis Using Plasma Generation in Liquid." Journal of Nanomaterials 2015 (2015): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/123696.

Full text
Abstract:
Over the past few decades, the research field of nanomaterials (NMs) has developed rapidly because of the unique electrical, optical, magnetic, and catalytic properties of these materials. Among the various methods available today for NM synthesis, techniques for plasma generation in liquid are relatively new. Various types of plasma such as arc discharge and glow discharge can be applied to produce metal, alloy, oxide, inorganic, carbonaceous, and composite NMs. Many experimental setups have been reported, in which various parameters such as the liquid, electrode material, electrode configura
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Gamero-Quijano, Alonso, Grégoire Herzog, and Micheál D. Scanlon. "Bioelectrochemistry of Cytochrome c in a closed bipolar electrochemical cell." Electrochemistry Communications 109 (November 6, 2019): 106600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2019.106600.

Full text
Abstract:
The reversible oxidation and reduction of Cytochrome c (Cyt <em>c</em>) is demonstrated with a closed bipolar electrochemical cell (CBPEC). Herein, a 4-electrode configuration was studied with the opposite poles of the bipolar electrode resting in separate aqueous and organic electrolyte solutions, respectively. Using biocompatible indium tin oxide (ITO) slides as the bipolar electrode poles, we investigated the influence of the redox potential of the reductant (decamethyferrocene or dimethylferrocene) in a trifluorotoluene organic phase on the observed voltammetry. Reversible electron transfe
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Lin, Penghui. "Study on the FES effects of different sizes of stimulation electrodes and different numbers of stimulation channels." Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics 22, no. 5 (2025): 1757. https://doi.org/10.62617/mcb1757.

Full text
Abstract:
This study aims to investigate the functional electrical stimulation (FES) effects of different sizes of stimulation electrodes and different numbers of stimulation channels. Taking the biceps brachii as the target muscle, four FES electrode configurations were designed, varying in electrode size and stimulation channel number. This study recruited ten healthy subjects. Under each FES electrode configuration, a high (30 Hz)-frequency/low (1 Hz)-frequency alternating stimulation was conducted to collect effective muscle contraction strength data and surface electromyography (sEMG) signals. The
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Four electrode configuration"

1

Cooper, Jason Theodore. "Study of a novel ionizer configuration for ion thrusters." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/2516.

Full text
Abstract:
Micro-satellites often require the adaptation of existing propulsion systems. Electric propulsion thrusters are perhaps the best candidates to meet these needs and ion engines are among the most scalable. Miniaturizing the ion engine will require novel concepts for the ionizer with perhaps novel propellants. MEMS, nanotechnology and other technological advances are expected to impact on new designs. Our work shows that the ionization of Argon, which is an alternate fuel to Xenon, can be achieved at low voltages by utilizing Micro-Structured Electrode (MSE) Arrays. Copper-clad sheets separated
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Sans, Aguilar Juan R. "Four dimensional analysis of free electron lasers in the amplifier configuration." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/07Dec%5FSans%5FAguilar.pdf.

Full text
Abstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Applied Science)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2007.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Colson, William B. "December 2007." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 18, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 63). Also available in print.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Droubi, Ashraf El. "Investigation of the efficiency of a novel three electrode configuration for the dielectric barrier discharge." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18148/tde-03102018-144641/.

Full text
Abstract:
Having gained popularity in the last decade, the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) has been studied in numerous ways as a device for air acceleration. A major interest of all these works has been concentrated on achieving higher efficiency and producing higher jet velocities. These studies considered alternative geometries, different voltage waveforms etc., yet none of these studies tackle the inherently inefficient process of force creation and actuation in a DBD. Air acceleration has been attributed to the electric force that switches direction on each voltage half cycle (that is due to the
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Zheng, Jennie Olivia. "Equilibrium configurations of oxygen bubbles on surfaces for applications in nanostructured hematite electrodes." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/98668.

Full text
Abstract:
Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 2015.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (page 32).<br>The variability of a nanostructured material's fundamental properties as compared to its bulk state has led to the rich field of nanotechnology and the quest to uncover unique properties of structures at the nanoscale. An active application for these materials is in the nanostructuring of [alpha]-Fe₂O₃ (hematite) for photoelectrochemical (PEC) splitting of water to generate hydrogen. A model of
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Bezugly, Viktor. "Wavefunction-based method for excited-state electron correlations in periodic systems - application to polymers." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2004. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1081263150312-71894.

Full text
Abstract:
In this work a systematic method for determining correlated wavefunctions of extended systems in the ground state as well as in excited states is presented. It allows to fully exploit the power of quantum-chemical programs designed for correlation calculations of finite molecules. Using localized Hartree-Fock (HF) orbitals (both occupied and virtual ones), an effective Hamiltonian which can easily be transferred from finite to infinite systems is built up. Correlation corrections to the matrix elements of the effective Hamiltonian are derived from clusters using an incremental scheme. To treat
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Bezugly, Viktor. "Wavefunction-based method for excited-state electron correlations in periodic systems - application to polymers." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2003. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A24323.

Full text
Abstract:
In this work a systematic method for determining correlated wavefunctions of extended systems in the ground state as well as in excited states is presented. It allows to fully exploit the power of quantum-chemical programs designed for correlation calculations of finite molecules. Using localized Hartree-Fock (HF) orbitals (both occupied and virtual ones), an effective Hamiltonian which can easily be transferred from finite to infinite systems is built up. Correlation corrections to the matrix elements of the effective Hamiltonian are derived from clusters using an incremental scheme. To treat
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Michail, Konstantinos. "Optimised configuration of sensing elements for control and fault tolerance applied to an electro-magnetic suspension system." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2009. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/5806.

Full text
Abstract:
New technological advances and the requirements to increasingly abide by new safety laws in engineering design projects highly affects industrial products in areas such as automotive, aerospace and railway industries. The necessity arises to design reduced-cost hi-tech products with minimal complexity, optimal performance, effective parameter robustness properties, and high reliability with fault tolerance. In this context the control system design plays an important role and the impact is crucial relative to the level of cost efficiency of a product. Measurement of required information for th
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Dobrautz, Werner [Verfasser], and Ali [Akademischer Betreuer] Alavi. "Development of full configuration interaction quantum Monte Carlo methods for strongly correlated electron systems / Werner Dobrautz ; Betreuer: Ali Alavi." Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1197056459/34.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Peyda, Arash. "Étude numérique et expérimentale pour déterminer le champ électrique d'apparition des décharges couronnes à l'aide de la configuration d'électrodes tige-plan = Numerical and experimental investigation to determine corona inception electric field for rod-plane electrode configuration /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2006. http://theses.uqac.ca.

Full text
Abstract:
Thèse (M.Eng.) -- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2006.<br>La p. de t. porte en outre: Mémoire présenté à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi comme exigence partielle de la maîtrise en ingénierie. CaQCU Bibliogr.: f. 98-101. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Proffitt, Donnie E. II. "EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION TO INFORM OPTIMAL CONFIGURATIONS FOR DYNAMIC NEAR-FIELD PASSIVE UHF RFID SYSTEMS." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/me_etds/29.

Full text
Abstract:
RFID has been characterized as a “disruptive technology” that has the potential to revolutionize numerous key sectors. A key advantage of passive RFID applications is the ability to wirelessly transmit automatic identification and related information using very little power. This paper presents an experimental investigation to inform the optimal configuration for programming passive ultra-high frequency (UHF) RFID media in dynamic applications. Dynamic programming solutions must be designed around the tag’s functionality, the physical programming configuration and environment. In this investig
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Books on the topic "Four electrode configuration"

1

Montgomery, Erwin B. Algorithm for Selecting Electrode Configurations and Stimulation Parameters. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190259600.003.0014.

Full text
Abstract:
Chapter 9, Approaches to Programming, provided a general discussion regarding the approaches to DBS programming. The focus of Chapter 9 was on the underlying electroneurophysiological principles rather an explicit algorithm that addressed every possible circumstance. Chapters 11, Chapter 12, and Chapter 13 discussed approaches in the context of specific DBS targets. These approaches emphasized interpreting the DBS responses to visualize the location of the DBS contacts in the unique regional anatomy of the individual patient. For example, the production of paresthesias at stimulation currents
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Montgomery, Erwin B. Approaches to Programming. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190259600.003.0009.

Full text
Abstract:
Persistence and patience are the keys to successful DBS programming. Several studies show that one of the most common causes of unsuccessful DBS therapy is an inadequately programmed IPG. Note that with the rapid increase in the types and manufacturers of DBS systems now and anticipated, it is difficult to make precise statements about stimulation parameters. The responsibility for choice of stimulation parameters, electrode configurations, and pulse trains lies solely with the programmer. Specific examples of stimulation parameters, electrode configurations, and pulse trains provided in this
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Eland, John H. D., and Raimund Feifel. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198788980.003.0001.

Full text
Abstract:
After very brief historical notes, the basis of the TOF-PEPECO technique is explained and other techniques for spectra of doubly charged positive ions are described and compared with this modern method. The meaning of ionisation energies in the context of molecular double ionisation is discussed, with their relationship to electron orbital configurations. With the advent of photoelectron spectroscopy in the 1960s, new techniques allowed complete spectra of valence electron ionisations for each molecule to be revealed in a single measurement. The effects on the spectra of the different major pa
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Montgomery, Erwin B. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190259600.003.0001.

Full text
Abstract:
Even by the standards at the time of the first edition, programming for some patients can still be a challenge. Even with the old systems, there were literally thousands of possible combinations of stimulator parameters which often intimidates programmers. The increase in functionality, such as multiple stimulation patterns and interleaved electrode configurations, has exponentially increased the number of combinations of DBS settings. Fortunately, most patients respond to a similar and narrow range of combinations, provided that the DBS stimulating leads are optimally placed. For other patien
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Montgomery, Erwin B. Helpful Programming Hints. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190259600.003.0015.

Full text
Abstract:
A number of suggestions are offered to make the post-operative care of patients with implanted systems more effective and safe. The choice of constant current versus constant voltage stimulation and the consequences and implications of that choice are reviewed. For example, with constant voltage stimulation, the programmer should wait at least two weeks after lead implantation before programming the IPG. Starting DBS too soon after implantation can cause marked adverse effects because of changes in tissue impedance is high immediately after implantation. The use of a monopolar survery at the i
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Das, Sovik, and Maulin P. Shah, eds. Resource Recovery from Industrial Wastewater through Microbial Electrochemical Technologies. IWA Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/9781789063813.

Full text
Abstract:
There is currently a critical gap in knowledge regarding the application of microbial electrochemical technologies (METs) in industrial wastewater treatment and resource recovery. Resource Recovery from Industrial Wastewater through Microbial Electrochemical Technologies fills this gap by offering a comprehensive guide for researchers, students, and industry professionals interested in the field of microbial electrochemistry and industrial waste management. The book covers recent advancements in METs, focusing on their application in various industries to treat wastewater while recovering valu
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Book chapters on the topic "Four electrode configuration"

1

Mikic, N., F. Cao, F. L. Hansen, A. M. Jakobsen, A. Thielscher, and A. R. Korshøj. "Standardizing Skullremodeling Surgery and Electrode Array Layout to Improve Tumor Treating Fields Using Computational Head Modeling and Finite Element Methods." In Brain and Human Body Modelling 2021. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15451-5_2.

Full text
Abstract:
AbstractSkullremodeling surgery (SR-surgery) includes removing bone from the skull to enhance TTFields. In our phase 1 trial (NCT02893137) we tested multiple SR-configurations (craniectomy, burrholes, and skull thinning) with TTFields concluding it to be safe. To examine the efficacy, we recently initiated an investigator-initiated, randomized, comparative, multi-center phase 2 trial (NCT04223999).To ensure uniformity, SR-surgery will be standardized to 5 burrholes of 15 mm diameter placed cross-diagonally in a 45×45 mm square above the tumor. The configuration was chosen as a combination of m
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Raven, Will. "Electronic Structure and Atomic Notation." In Atomic Physics for Everyone. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-69507-0_8.

Full text
Abstract:
AbstractIn this chapter, we explore the fundamental principles governing the electronic structure of atoms and the notation used to describe it. We begin by examining energy level spacings across various elements, highlighting how the number of electrons influences the complexity of these levels. The Coulomb interaction and electron shell filling patterns are introduced as key factors determining atomic state energies. Through detailed discussions on electronic configurations and term symbols, we illustrate how angular momentum, both in individual electrons and in atoms as a whole, impacts ene
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Judd, B. R. "Effective Operators for Configurations of Equivalent Electrons." In Advances in Chemical Physics. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470143599.ch3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Lahtinen, Otto, V. P. Seppä, J. Väisänen, and J. Hyttinen. "Optimal Electrode Configurations for Impedance Pneumography during Sports Activities." In IFMBE Proceedings. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89208-3_417.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Mørch, Carsten Dahl, Louis Vera-Portocarrero, and Ken Steffen Frahm. "On Electrode Configuration for Low-Back Peripheral Nerve Field Stimulation." In Biosystems & Biorobotics. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08072-7_85.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Feng, Yue, Yunke Yin, Zilong Zhou, Xiaojun Zhou, and Rundong Luo. "Electrostatic Transport Device with Spiral Interdigital Electrode Configuration for Charged Dust Removing." In Proceedings of 2022 International Conference on Autonomous Unmanned Systems (ICAUS 2022). Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0479-2_228.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Sasaki, F., M. Sekiya, T. Noro, K. Ohtsuki, and Y. Osanai. "Non-Relativistic Configuration Interaction Calculations for Many-Electron Atoms: ATOMCI." In Modem Techniques in Computational Chemistry: MOTECC-91. Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3032-5_3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Sasaki, F., M. Sekiya, T. Noro, K. Ohtsuki, and Y. Osanai. "Non-Relativistic Configuration Interaction Calculations for Many-Electron Atoms: ATOMCI." In Modern Techniques in Computational Chemistry: MOTECC™-90. Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2219-8_4.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Christoffersen, Ralph E. "Computational Techniques for Many-Electron Systems Using Single Configuration Wavefunctions." In Basic Principles and Techniques of Molecular Quantum Mechanics. Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6360-6_11.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Ghosal, Debarpita, and Akhil Gedela. "Effects of Different Electrode Material and Configuration on the Efficiency of Microbial Electrolysis Cell." In Microbial Electrolysis Cells for Biohydrogen Production. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-75132-5_5.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Four electrode configuration"

1

Haile, Tesfaalem, Sankara Papavinasam, and Doug Gould. "Evaluation of a Portable Online 4-Probe Sensor for Simultaneous Monitoring of Corrosion Rate and Sulfate Reducing Bacteria Activity." In CORROSION 2013. NACE International, 2013. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2013-02148.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract Corrosion is the main component of the operating and maintenance costs of petroleum industry. Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) significantly contributes to the overall corrosion. Sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) are the primary cause of MIC. A patented 4-probe sensor for simultaneous monitoring of SRB activity and corrosion was demonstrated previously. The online SRB monitoring probe (OnSM) was based on biosensor technology in which sulfide oxidase (SO) was used as the indicating element. The OnSM was previously validated using biogenic sulfide produced by SRB in continuous
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Eden, David A. "Problems Associated with Conventional Three Electrode Configurations in Electrochemical Corrosion Monitoring." In CORROSION 2006. NACE International, 2006. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2006-06415.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract The potentiostat has been used in electrochemical studies of corrosion processes for many years, and although it is possible to make reliable and reproducible measurements, there are still occasions when the implementation of the measurements is less than satisfactory. This paper provides an overview of some of the misconceptions, misuse, (and abuse?), with respect to Reference electrodes, Luggin Probes, inert Auxiliary Electrodes and Working Electrodes. Among the topics discussed will be; working electrode size and geometry, choice of reference electrode, the role of the auxiliary el
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Allahar, Kerry N., Quan Su, Gordon P. Bierwagen, Dante Battocchi, and Dennis Tallman. "Further Studies of Embedded Electrodes for in-Situ Measurement of Corrosion Protective Properties of Organic Coatings." In CORROSION 2006. NACE International, 2006. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2006-06675.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract There has been a recent demonstration in literature of the acquisition of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy responses of the different layers of an organic coating using embedded electrodes. This demonstration and recent literature associated with embedded electrodes will most likely increase the application of embedded electrodes as an in situ monitoring device. The results presented here demonstrate that a three-electrode configuration is applicable for an embedded electrode/sensor with the embedded electrode as the reference electrode, as opposed to a two-electrode configu
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

de las Casas, Rogelio. "Methodological Approach to the Average Potential Method to Obtain a Generalized Equation for the Resistance of Vertical Electrodes-II." In CORROSION 2014. NACE International, 2014. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2014-3743.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract Erling D. Sunde obtained an equation for the underground vertical electrodes resistance in a groundbed configuration, with the top of the electrode at the earth surface. The Average Potential Method (APM) and the method of images were used to obtain this equation; all the anodes having the same length. W. Von Baeckmann, et al, presented an equation for vertical electrodes, where the distance from the top of the electrode to the ground surface is taken into account; all of the vertical electrodes have the same length. Also the distance from the top of the electrode to the soil is a non
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Huet, F., and R. P. Nogueira. "Rp Measurements with EN in Oil-Brine Mixtures When LPR Fails." In CORROSION 2007. NACE International, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2007-07366.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract Measuring the corrosion rate with the linear polarisation resistance (LPR) technique in multiphase flows is often impossible in practice because of the high level of electrochemical noise or because of the non-stationarity of the flows. LPR, electrochemical noise (EN) and impedance measurements were carried out in oil-brine mixtures to determine polarization resistance Rp values, using three nominally identical electrodes in a flow-loop cell so as to approach in-situ monitoring conditions. The potential of the working electrode (WE) was controlled with respect to the reference electro
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Silverman, David C. "Rotating Cylinder Electrode - an Approach for Predicting Velocity Sensitive Corrosion." In CORROSION 1990. NACE International, 1990. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1990-90013.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract Corrosion can be accelerated by fluid flow. An overview is presented of the relationships among mass transfer coefficient, fluid velocity, shear stress, and fluid properties for several geometries. Equations are presented that allow rotating (inner) cylinder electrode velocities to be chosen so that the mass transfer coefficients are equal to those in pipes, concentric annuli, and wall jets. The suggestion is made that equality of shear stress in two configurations may sometimes be used as one criterion to insure that the fluid affected corrosion mechanism in one configuration is dupl
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Hernandez, M. A., J. Genesca, and J. Uruchurtu. "Electrochemical Characterization of an Al-Zn-In Galvanic Anode." In CORROSION 2002. NACE International, 2002. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2002-02022.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract The electrochemical behavior of an Al-Zn-In anode was studied by means of the following techniques: Polarization Curve Measurements, Electrochemical Noise and Electrochemical Impedance, using two different electrochemical cell arrangements. The Electrochemical cell arrangements were: Al-Zn-In anode, saturated calomel electrode and platinum wire as the working electrode, reference and counter electrode, respectively (First System)Two identical Al-Zn-In as a working electiode (Second System) At different concentration levels of sodium chloride (NaCl), from 3% wt to 0.001% wt, the dissol
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Tighe-Ford, D. J., and J. N. McGrath. "Design Considerations for Offshore Oil Rig Cathodic Protection." In CORROSION 1992. NACE International, 1992. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1992-92426.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract The rational design of CP configurations for jackets is addressed in the context of large, open, complex, multi-component structures exhibiting planes of symmetry, which may be unpainted or painted and exposed to current conditions. The approach is illustrated by an ICCP design study, employing physical scale modelling, for the selection of the numbers and locations of zones, anodes and reference electrodes for a relatively simple unpainted jacket under static conditions. The critical role of reference electrode location in determining the distribution of protection from anodes and av
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Aballe, A., A. Bautista, U. Bertocci, and F. Huet. "The Measurement of the Noise Resistance for Corrosion Applications." In CORROSION 2000. NACE International, 2000. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2000-00424.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract The measurement of the noise resistance Rn or of the frequency-dependent noise impedance Zn, both derived from the fluctuations of current and voltage of electrodes corroding at the open circuit potential, is more and more widespread for corrosion applications. These quantities have been shown to be related, under certain conditions, to the corrosion rate of the material under investigation. This type of measurement has been originally proposed for a symmetric cell with identical electrodes, and much of its analysis has been based on the validity of this assumption. However, it is com
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Park, Jun Kwon, Seung Jun Lee, and Kwan Hyoung Kang. "A New Switching Method of Two-Dimensional EWOD-Based Droplet Translation on Single-Plate Configuration." In ASME 2009 7th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2009-82272.

Full text
Abstract:
In electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD), droplet can be transported using either parallel-plate configuration or single-plate configuration of electrodes. Single-plate configuration, i.e. without cover plate, is less popular due to its difficulty in successive translation of droplet and slow translation speed, in spite of its enhanced flexibility in interfacing with other components. This paper investigates the effect of switching method on droplet translation for the single-plate configuration. Droplet was transported on a two-dimensional four by four electrode array by EWOD actuation. In prev
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Four electrode configuration"

1

Volunteer Kinematics and Reaction in Lateral Emergency Maneuver Tests. SAE International, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2013-22-0013.

Full text
Abstract:
It is important to understand human kinematics and muscle activation patterns in emergency maneuvers for the design of safety systems and for the further development of human models. The objective of this study was to quantify kinematic behavior and muscle activation in simulated steering tests in several realistic conditions. In total 108 tests were performed with 10 volunteers undergoing purely lateral maneuvers at 5 m/s2 deceleration or simulated lane change maneuvers at 5 m/s2 peak acceleration and peak yaw velocity of 25 °/s. Test subjects were seated on a rigid seat and restrained by a 4
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Four electrode configuration' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography