Relevant bibliographies by topics / Four floor

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Four floor'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Four floor"

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Harri, M., J. Mononen, and J. Sepponen. "Preferences of farmed silver foxes (Vulpes vulpes) for four different floor types." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 79, no. 1 (March 1, 1999): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a98-059.

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Farmed silver foxes were allowed to choose between four standard farm cages, each of which was equipped with a different floor material: plastic-coated wire mesh (WM); dry wood (DW); dry sand (DS); and wet wood (WW) or icy sand (IS). Six males and six females were placed in the test environment singly in winter; and the same individuals, again in spring. The use of the different floors was videorecorded and analysed from the tapes for active periods and resting period on 5 or 6 d. Resting consisted of 14–20 separate bouts d−1, occupying 58–62% of the total 24 h. In winter, the active periods of the animal’s day were spent as follows: DW (34%) = DS (33%) > IS (17%) = WM (15%). The resting periods were spent as follows: DW (59%) > WM (26%) = DS (15%) > IS (1%). In spring, the order of active time was DS (36%) > DW (25%) = WW (24%) > WM (15%) and of resting time was DW (51%) > WM (19%) = WW (16%) = DS (15%). Different individuals preferred different floors, leading to large variance in the group means. This high variation may suggest a low level of priority in general but a high level of priority within individuals. Although solid floors were highly preferred when dry, they were least preferred when wet or icy. Key words: Preference test, wire-mesh floor, solid floor, wet floor, resting place, Vulpes vulpes
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MORRISON, W. D., L. A. BATE, I. McMILLAN, and E. AMYOT. "OPERANT HEAT DEMAND OF PIGLETS HOUSED ON FOUR DIFFERENT FLOORS." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 67, no. 2 (June 1, 1987): 337–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas87-032.

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Four groups of six 28-d-old piglets (three male, three female) were assigned in a Latin square design to each of four floors, bedded concrete, bare concrete, perforated metal or raised rubber-coated metal. Each pen was equipped with a microswitch which, when pushed, turned on three 250-W infrared lamps suspended 42 m above the floor. Each group of piglets remained on each floor for 48 h and the same groups were used for a second replicate. This approach was repeated with different groups of piglets at temperatures of 14, 16, 18, 20, 22 and 24 °C. Behavior regarding activation of the microswitch was monitored by the use of a video cassette recorder. Light at 180 lx was provided continuously. On bedded concrete, piglets demanded approximately 3 min less heat per hour (P < 0.05) than on any other floor and on perforated metal demanded approximately 3 min more heat per hour (P < 0.05) than on any other floor. Supplemental heat on bare concrete was similar to that of raised rubber-coated metal. From the results it was established that the effective environmental temperature on bedded concrete is 3 °C warmer than that for bare concrete or raised rubber-coated metal and 6 °C warmer than perforated metal. Piglets showed diurnal variation in heat demand. Key words: Piglets, operant, thermal regulation
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Uva, Wen-fei L., Thomas C. Weiler, and Robert A. Milligan. "Economic Analysis of Adopting Zero Runoff Subirrigation Systems in Greenhouse Operations in the Northeast and North Central United States." HortScience 36, no. 1 (February 2001): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.36.1.167.

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Zero runoff subirrigation (ZRS) technology is a promising method of managing fertilizer and pesticide inputs while improving production efficiency. However, high capital investment costs and inadequate technical information available to growers are major impediments to initiating the change. This study quantifies costs and returns associated with adopting ZRS systems and compares the profitability of four alternative ZRS systems (ebb-and-flow benches, Dutch movable trays, flood floors, and trough benches) for greenhouse operations in the northeastern and north central United States. The capital investment analysis showed that the Dutch movable tray system was most profitable for small potted plant production, and the flood floor system was most profitable for large potted plant and bedding crop flat production. Sensitivity analysis showed that changes in cost variables generally did not affect the profitability rankings of the alternative ZRS investment projects. Nonetheless, the flood floor system gained slight advantages when the product price increased, and the Dutch movable tray system gained advantages as the hourly labor cost increased.
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Hur, Jun-Ho, and Keesin Jeong. "A Study of the Direction of Evacuation Evaluation According to the Fire Alarm Method in Performance-Based Design." Fire Science and Engineering 35, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.e7023a9e.

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In performance-based design applied to domestic buildings, when evaluating evacuation by fire alarm, safety evaluation by single-floor horizontal evacuation contradicts the priority alarm method of the immediately upper and four higher floors, which is the fire alarm standard of the current firefighting design, making it difficult to improve evacuation safety through safety in performance-based design. Therefore, by analyzing the domestic fire alarm design standards and evaluating the evacuation simulation case by case for a single floor, immediate upper floor, and four floors directly above, the evacuation evaluation is performed through priority alarm evacuation according to the size of the building. It was judged to be suited to actual conditions. Therefore, a performance-based design is proposed as a method of evaluating evacuation safety by including the floor classification and providing an evacuation personnel calculation reflecting the priority alarm method above according to the size of the building and an analysis of congestion and evacuation delay phenomena.
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Ai, H. J., M. Y. Liu, Y. M. Shi, and J. Q. Zhao. "FLOOR IDENTIFICATION WITH COMMERCIAL SMARTPHONES IN WIFI-BASED INDOOR LOCALIZATION SYSTEM." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B4 (June 14, 2016): 573–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b4-573-2016.

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In this paper, we utilize novel sensors built-in commercial smart devices to propose a schema which can identify floors with high accuracy and efficiency. This schema can be divided into two modules: floor identifying and floor change detection. Floor identifying module starts at initial phase of positioning, and responsible for determining which floor the positioning start. We have estimated two methods to identify initial floor based on K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and BP Neural Network, respectively. In order to improve performance of KNN algorithm, we proposed a novel method based on weighting signal strength, which can identify floors robust and quickly. Floor change detection module turns on after entering into continues positioning procedure. In this module, sensors (such as accelerometer and barometer) of smart devices are used to determine whether the user is going up and down stairs or taking an elevator. This method has fused different kinds of sensor data and can adapt various motion pattern of users. We conduct our experiment with mobile client on Android Phone (Nexus 5) at a four-floors building with an open area between the second and third floor. The results demonstrate that our scheme can achieve an accuracy of 99% to identify floor and 97% to detecting floor changes as a whole.
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Ai, H. J., M. Y. Liu, Y. M. Shi, and J. Q. Zhao. "FLOOR IDENTIFICATION WITH COMMERCIAL SMARTPHONES IN WIFI-BASED INDOOR LOCALIZATION SYSTEM." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B4 (June 14, 2016): 573–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b4-573-2016.

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In this paper, we utilize novel sensors built-in commercial smart devices to propose a schema which can identify floors with high accuracy and efficiency. This schema can be divided into two modules: floor identifying and floor change detection. Floor identifying module starts at initial phase of positioning, and responsible for determining which floor the positioning start. We have estimated two methods to identify initial floor based on K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and BP Neural Network, respectively. In order to improve performance of KNN algorithm, we proposed a novel method based on weighting signal strength, which can identify floors robust and quickly. Floor change detection module turns on after entering into continues positioning procedure. In this module, sensors (such as accelerometer and barometer) of smart devices are used to determine whether the user is going up and down stairs or taking an elevator. This method has fused different kinds of sensor data and can adapt various motion pattern of users. We conduct our experiment with mobile client on Android Phone (Nexus 5) at a four-floors building with an open area between the second and third floor. The results demonstrate that our scheme can achieve an accuracy of 99% to identify floor and 97% to detecting floor changes as a whole.
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Prescott, Cindy E., John P. Corbin, and Dennis Parkinson. "Input, accumulation, and residence times of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in four Rocky Mountain coniferous forests." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 19, no. 4 (April 1, 1989): 489–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x89-075.

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Annual aboveground litterfall in forests of Pinuscontorta Loud., Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss, Piceaengelmannii Parry ex Engelm., and Abieslasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. in southwestern Alberta ranged from 286 to 321 g•m−2•year−1. The mass of litter accumulated on the forest floors ranged from 6.3 to 11.0 kg•m−2. Residence times of organic matter in the forest floor were 11 years in a 90-year-old P. contorta stand, 16 years in a 120-year-old P. glauca–P. contorta stand, and 23 years in a 350-year-old P. engelmannii–A. lasiocarpa stand. Residence times of litter in the L layer of the forest floor were longer in a recently clearcut area than in the older forests. Residence times of individual nutrients in the forest floors were in the order N > P > C. Litter in the pine forest had lower concentrations of both N and P than did litter in the spruce–pine forest; litter in the spruce–fir forest had relatively high N and low P concentrations. Differences in nutrient concentrations of litter among sites reflected differences in the nutrient-use efficiency of the vegetation, suggesting that the species composition of vegetation is important in determining availability of nutrients in the floor of these forests.
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Smith, Ian, and Ying Hei Chui. "Construction methods for minimizing vibration levels in floors with lumber joists." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 19, no. 5 (October 1, 1992): 833–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l92-094.

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The National Building Code of Canada 1990 specifies the allowable spans for lumber floor joists that are expected to lead to satisfactory vibrational behaviour. This paper discusses construction methods that improve the floor behaviour once the flooring and joists appropriate to a particular building occupancy have been selected. Laboratory tests on full-size floors demonstrate that adding between-joists bridging and supporting all four floor edges significantly improves the overall vibrational performance of wood floors. Bridging consisting of solid blocking glued to the underside of the flooring and a mild steel strap nailed to the underside of blocking and joists is more effective than several alternative details. Incorporating pads of damping material between flooring and joists, or at bearings, can have a detrimental effect on floor performance. The use of elastomeric adhesive, in lieu of nailed flooring-to-joist connections, does not significantly enhance the mechanical performance of floors with lumber joists. Key words: lumber, vibration, serviceability, floors, design detailing.
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Yang, Xiao Hua, Chao Yang Zhou, Xue Jun He, and Zhi Qing Yang. "Experimental Studies on Bearing Capacity of Post-Tensioned Unbonded Prestressed Concrete Hollowed Floors." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.159.

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A 1/4 scales four-storey model of post-tensioned unbonded prestressed concrete hollow slab-column structure has been made to do the ultimate load test on the second-storey floor. By measuring the floor deflection, stresses of steel bars and cracks of floors, the bearing capacity of floor is explored. The bearing capacity tests of floor are divided into three stages: elastic stage, crack growth stage and destruction stage. Based on the test results and crack developments in floor, a improved plastic hinge model is carried out to predict the ultimate loads. The calculated results of the ultimate loads with improved plastic hinge model are in good agreement with the experiment data.
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Dyrness, C. T., K. Van Cleve, and J. D. Levison. "The effect of wildfire on soil chemistry in four forest types in interior Alaska." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 19, no. 11 (November 1, 1989): 1389–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x89-213.

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Soil chemical properties were studied after a wildfire in stands of white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss), black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P.), paper birch (Betulapapyrifera Marsh.), and quaking aspen (Populustremuloides Michx.). Samples of the forest floor and surface 5 cm of mineral soil were collected from burned sites and unburned controls and analyzed soon after the fire. With the exception of soil pH, effects of the fire on soil chemistry differed among the four forest types. Generally, amounts of exchangeable K, Ca, and Mg did not appreciably increase in the forest floor and surface mineral soil except in heavily burned areas in white spruce and black spruce. Fire reduced amounts of N by about 50% in white spruce, aspen, and birch forest floors. In black spruce, quantities of N were slightly higher in heavily burned locations. Forest floor C:N ratios were substantially lower in heavily burned locations in white spruce and black spruce than in unburned controls. Burning did not have a marked influence on supplies of available P in the forest floor, except in heavily burned black spruce, where average amounts were 12.50 g/m2 versus only 0.46 g/m2 in the control. Burning caused more moderate gains in available P in surface mineral soils under aspen and white spruce. We concluded that fire caused marked short-term changes in soil chemistry in the four forest types. How long these changes will persist is unknown.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Four floor"

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Glimskär, Bo. "The Adoption of Ergonomic Innovations for Injury Prevention : Examples from the building construction and health care industries." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Centrum för hälsa och byggande, CHB, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-158523.

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A good work environment is important for the individual, for industry and for society. The work environment research has, predominantly, targeted identification of problems and the measurement of the size of these problems. Innovations to reduce the incidence of musculoskeletal disorder, MSD, have been introduced in different branches of industry, but with limited success. Few of the ergonomic innovations developed for the building and construction industry have reached a sufficient level of adoption. Ergonomic innovations in the health care sector are of an incremental character and seem to have similar problems of adoption as the ones in the building and construction industry. Three examples of ergonomic innovation are examined in the thesis: a glue spreader for floor layers a four-wheel walker with a lifting device a sonographer’s scanning support device The studies show that an ergonomic innovation is not adopted for prevention of occupational injury unless the innovation also has other relative advantages apart from the ergonomic ones. For the group who already has sustained an injury, it is enough that the ergonomic problems are solved, while the other, symptom-free group, requires other advantages in order to adopt the innovation; increased production economy seems to be the most prominent potential advantage.

QC 20150114

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Raška, Jiří. "Ubytovací zařízení pro studenty středních škol." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265670.

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This diploma thesis focuses on a development of the executive documentation of a dormitory for secondary school students, namely a youth home located in the cadastral area of Nové Sady u Olomouce. The project as well as the addenda is elaborated according to the current legislature and standards. The youth home is located on the plot number 132/23, in the cadastral area of Nové Sady u Olomouce in the district of Olomouc. There are all necessary infrastructures near the plot and the plot is well accessible via the local road. The youth home is a four-floor building without a cellar and with a saddle roof. The bed capacity of the youth home is 31 and the number of accommodation units is 12.
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Kociánová, Nikol. "Mateřská škola." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227205.

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Diploma thesis is focused on the nursery schools project, which has two floors with a partial basement. Project documentation is at the level of construction execution. The building is located in the district of Frýdek-Místek, in the cadastral Palkovice. Part of the nursery are four units for children and facilities for the operation of the school. Nursery school is a brick of ceramic shaped Porotherm Profi on a masonry foam DRYFIX. The perimeter and interior bearing walls has a thickness of 300 mm, indoor walls are made of bricks PTH 11.5 Profi TL. 115 mm. On the basement walls are concrete block used shuttering tl. 300 mm. Foundation line are made of plain concrete. Ceiling creates the filigree plate with over concrete and the total thickness. is 250 mm. The roof of the buildding is a single-layer flat-lined brick parapet height of 500 mm. There are three prefabricated double staircase and a passenger lift. Lots of flat character is located at an altitude of 314,000 m above sea level Access to land is from the north side. The two main entrances to the building on the north and east facade. In the central part of the building are located facilities for staff and kitchen facilities. Staff entrance is on the south side. Preparing meals is two floors with windows facing north. Between the first and second above ground floor are designed 3 lifts. At the central part directly linked to the two wings of the building. In each wing there are two departments that can accommodate 20 children. The total capacity of the nursery school will therefore be 80 childdren.
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Teplý, Jan. "Polyfunkční dům." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265671.

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The dissertation contains the project and working out of the designing documentation for execution of a multifunctional building. The project deals with a new multifunctional building in the marginal part of the Olomouc city. The object is a brick building with no cellar and four above-ground floors. The ground plan of the building is regular and mainly rectangular. There are balconies at the corner and in the middle of the eastern part of building in above-ground floors. The last floor is partially receding and there are two terraces here. There is the flat roof construction. The horizontal and vertical supporting and non-supporting constructions are suggested from the Heluz´s brick system. There are three places of business on the ground floor and ten flats on the above-ground floors. The building site has a plane terrain.
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Walek, Jakub. "Polyfunkční dům." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-391993.

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The purpose of this diploma thesis is processing of ducumentary for mixed-use building in cadastre unit of village Vendryně. This building plot is situated on the outskirts of Vendryně. New building is designed as detached building, without cellar, with four floors. Wall structural system of building is made by sand-lime block. Floor and roof structure is consists of prestressed concrete floor. Roofing of house is made by flat green roof. On the first floor there are café, travel agency, dental laboratory, technical place and storage. The second floor is stated for administrative purposes. There are some offices, staff facilities, sanitary and technical places. On the third and fourth floors is situated dwelling unit. Three flats are in third floor and two flats are in fourth floor. Size of flats is designed as 2+KK and 3+KK.
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Plachetský, Jiří. "Polyfunkční dům." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226204.

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Master’s thesis describes project documentation of a multifunctional house in Velké Meziříčí. It is the four storey basementless detached house. There are two shops, cafe and flat facilities on the first floor and 10 flats on the other 3 floors. The brick-built building consists of Diton and Heluz brickwork system insulated with Baumit external thermal insulation system. The house is covered by single ply roofing.
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Ernst, Oliver. "Knihovna v Českých Budějovicích." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240042.

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Diploma thesis deals with a project of a new building of a new science library building. The building has four floors and basement. The building will be located in České Budějovice town. The building fulfills the function of the study of books and technical standards. There is designed spaces for organizing lectures and refreshments in cafeteria in the first floor of the building. Library space made available barrier free. Its architectural design resembles the shape of an open book. The structural system meets modern trends in construction and architecture, and it does not interfere with the surrounding buildings.
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Hrachovec, Matěj. "Horský hotel." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265387.

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The thesis focuses on a project of a mountain hotel. Hotel is located in the area Jeseník, altitude of 550 m. It is detached hotel with a rectangular ground plan with one underground floor and four above ground floors. In the basement is the engine room ventilation, bikes room and in the second part of the underground is wellness center. On the first floor is a restaurant. In the other floors are hotel rooms for 1 to 3 person. On the fourth floor are two apartments. The hotel is based on the monolithic footings.In the basement the vertical supporting are from concrete. Other vertical supporting are built from bricks Porotherm 30, which is insulated and ventilated facade with laggin 150 mm. Supporting horizontal structures are made of monolithic reinforced concrete. The building is covered with a double skin roof structure made of wooden trusses.
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Telezhenko, Evgenij. "Measurements of trackways as a method for assessing locomotion in dairy cows /." Skara : Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2005. http://epsilon.slu.se/9981450.pdf.

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Salač, Petr. "Dům s pečovatelskou službou." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-410086.

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My diploma thesis occupies with project documentation for building of house with the day care, with conformity of legal regulation and technical standards. My work solves the buildings dispositions with proposal of right construction system and supporting system with using right materials, important for me was the integration into near built-up area on the periphery of town. My diploma thesis evaluates the building from the point of view of building physics. It verifies warm-technical and sound-isolating properties of constructions, from the suggested materials and it verifies the materials with standards values.
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Books on the topic "Four floor"

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Morgan, Deborah. Four on the floor. Waterville, Me: Wheeler Pub., 2006.

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Copyright Paperback Collection (Library of Congress), ed. Four on the floor. New York: Berkley Prime Crime, 2004.

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Four on the floor. London: Robert Hale, 2005.

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artist, Beyruth Danilo 1973, ed. Robbie Reyes, Ghost Rider: Four on the floor. New York, NY: Marvel Worldwide, Inc., a subsidiary of Marvel Entertainment, LLC, 2017.

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Four on the Floor: A Father Dowling Mystery Quartet. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1989.

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Four on the Floor: A Father Dowling Mystery Quartet. Toronto: Worldwide, 1994.

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Four on the floor: And other quirky stories for our time. Orlando, Fla: FirstPublish, 2000.

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Lowell, Lee. Get rich with options: Four winning strategies straight from the exchange floor. 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2009.

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Get rich with options: Four winning strategies straight from the exchange floor. 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2009.

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Dream floors: Hundreds of design ideas for every floor. Orange, Calif: Randall International, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Four floor"

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Kikuchi, Hirokazu. "Committees, Floor, and the Four Types of Senators." In Presidents versus Federalism in the National Legislative Process, 89–144. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90113-8_3.

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Eppler, Eva. "Four Women, Two Codes and One (Crowded) Floor: the Joint Construction of a Bilingual Collaborative Floor." In Gender and Spoken Interaction, 211–34. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230280748_10.

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Ropero Peláez, Francisco Javier, and Lucas Galdiano Ribeiro Santana. "Doman’s Inclined Floor Method for Early Motor Organization Simulated with a Four Neurons Robot." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 109–18. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21344-1_12.

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van der Beken, André, Georges Louis Vandewiele, Jan Marien, Ivo Terrens, and Guy De Schrijver. "A Study for Real Time Operation of Four Flood Reservoirs." In Flood Hydrology, 369–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3957-8_31.

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Matzel, Klaus E., and Birgit Bittorf. "Sacral Neuromodulation for Constipation." In Pelvic Floor Disorders, 855–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40862-6_70.

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Matzel, Klaus E., and Birgit Bittorf. "Sacral Neuromodulation for Fecal Incontinence." In Pelvic Floor Disorders, 503–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40862-6_40.

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Berghmans, Bary, Esther Bols, Maura Seleme, Silvana Uchôa, Donna Bliss, and Toshiki Mimura. "Behavioral Therapies and Biofeedback for Anal Incontinence." In Pelvic Floor Disorders, 459–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40862-6_36.

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Hotouras, Alex, and Pasquale Giordano. "Injectable and Implantable Biomaterials for Anal Incontinence." In Pelvic Floor Disorders, 491–502. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40862-6_39.

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Thomas, Gregory P., Carolynne J. Vaizey, and Yasuko Maeda. "Posterior Tibial Nerve Stimulation for Faecal Incontinence." In Pelvic Floor Disorders, 511–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40862-6_41.

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Sioutis, Dimos, and Rohna Kearney. "Use of Pessaries for Pelvic Organ Prolapse." In Pelvic Floor Disorders, 667–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40862-6_53.

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Conference papers on the topic "Four floor"

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Abdoli, Abas, and George S. Dulikravich. "Optimized Multi-Floor Throughflow Micro Heat Exchangers." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-63590.

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Multi-floor networks of straight-through liquid cooled microchannels have been investigated by performing conjugate heat transfer in a silicon substrate of size 15×15×1 mm. Two-floor and three-floor cooling configurations were analyzed with different numbers of microchannels on each floor, different diameters of the channels, and different clustering among the floors. Thickness of substrate was calculated based on number of floors, diameter of floors and vertical clustering. Direction of microchannels on each floor changes by 90 degrees from the previous floor. Direction of flow in each microchannel is opposite of the flow direction in its neighbor channels. Conjugate heat transfer analysis was performed by developing a software package which uses quasi-1D thermo-fluid analysis and a 3D steady heat conduction analysis. These two solvers are coupled through their common boundaries representing surfaces of the cooling microchannels. Using quasi-1D solver significantly decreases overall computing time and its results are in good agreement with 3D Navier-Stokes equations solver for these types of application. Multi-objective optimization with modeFRONTIER software was performed using response surface approximations and genetic algorithm. Maximizing total amount of heat removed, minimizing coolant pressure drop, minimizing maximum temperature on the hot surface, and minimizing non-uniformity of temperature on the hot surface were four simultaneous objectives of the optimization. Pareto-optimal solutions demonstrate that thermal loads of 800 W cm−2 can be effectively managed with such multi-floor microchannel cooling networks. Two-floor microchannel configuration was also simulated with 1,000 W cm−2 uniform thermal load and shown to be feasible.
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Amundsen, Lasse. "Free‐surfacemultiple attenuation of four‐component (4C) sea floor recordings." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1999. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1821186.

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Mun, Jung, and Moncef Krarti. "Experimental Analysis of Heat Transfer From Ice Rink Floors." In ASME 2006 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2006-99133.

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This paper describes an experimental set-up to evaluate the refrigeration loads for ice rink floors under controlled conditions. The ice-rink set-up was instrumented to measure the temperatures along various locations within the ice-rink floor including the water/ice layer. In addition, the energy used to freeze the water is monitored over the entire charging cycle to evaluate the performance of the ice rink floor for various insulation thermal resistance values (or R-values). Four floor insulation configurations are considered in the experimental analysis of R-0 (no insulation), R-4.2, R-6.7 and R-10 (in IP unit: hr.ft2.°F/Btu). The impact of the air temperature above the ice rink is also evaluated. The experimental results confirm that the addition of the thermal insulation beneath the ice-rink floor reduces the refrigeration load, decreased the time required to freeze the water above the ice rink, and helps maintain lower average ice temperature.
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Park, Dong-Woon, Wan-Suk Yoo, Min-Seok Kim, Kyung-Tae Hong, and Keum-Shik Hong. "Ride Comfort Values of Four Korean Cars in Highways." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-84176.

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Vibrations on the floor in a car are transmitted to the foot, hip, and back from the seat. Human body recognizes these vibrations, but the sensitivity for each vibration is different. To evaluate these vibrations, RMS(root mean square) of accelerations, VDV(vibration does value), percent vibration, and SEAT (Seat Effective Amplitude Transmissibility) value are commonly used. For the SEAT value calculation, the PSD (Power Spectral Density) of the accelerations at the seat and the PSD of the floor are used with the frequency weighting function. If the SEAT value is less than 1, the vibration level on the seat is less than the floor, which means seat is effective to reduce the vibration. In this paper, four types of cars, i.e., a small size car of 1300cc gasoline engine, a mid-size car of 1800 gasoline engine, a full-size luxurious car of 3600cc gasoline engine, and a SUV (sport utility vehicle) of 2900 diesel engine are used and compared ride comforts using SEAT values. Experiments were carried on a highway near the suburb of Busan metro-politan city in South Korea. To compare ride comforts, the SEAT values in dynamic state are compared. Several air cells are installed in the seat cushion to improve seat comfort and to adjust seat properties by changing the air pressure. From the real car experiments, optimum air cell pressure depending on the vehicle speeds and road conditions are recommended.
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Baghdasarian, Arsine, Omar Ramos, Jesse Ruvalcaba, Sergio Talome, Frank Wang, Lambert Sabatier, and Arturo Pacheco-Vega. "Design and Instrumentation of an Experimental Test-Bed for Research in Energy Efficiency in Buildings." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-50098.

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This paper reports on the development of a conceptual design, construction and instrumentation of an experimental facility that can be used to carry out experimental research towards increasing energy efficiency in buildings. The overarching idea is to construct a system that emulates the scaled dimensions and materials of a typical building structure. The sub-scale testbed consists of a two-floor building configuration with dimensions of 1.2 m × 0.92 m × 1.1 m. The building structure is made out of wood, and covered with drywall and fiberglass insulation. Fixed walls are selected for the first floor whereas movable walls are incorporated into the second floor to study the effects of different room configurations. Four staircase openings enable airflow between the two floors. The second floor has a tiled-style ceiling and removable walls that allow for connectivity of sensors and actuators. A set of heating and cooling sub-systems, consisting of light bulbs and thermoelectric coolers connected to fans, are used for each room in the building. Both the set of light bulbs as well as the cooling system are powered through a relay box, and connected to a computer via LabVIEW which also interfaces the different sensing and actuating devices. The capabilities of the experimental facility are tested by implementing time-dependent heating- and cooling-processes and an on-off control strategy on a two-room prototype. Preliminary results demonstrate that the experimental testbed offers a reliable and versatile experimental system for research purposes.
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Ciutina, Adrian, Cristian Vulcu, and Rafaela Don. "Semi-continous beam-to-column joints for slim-floor systems in seismic zones." In 12th international conference on ‘Advances in Steel-Concrete Composite Structures’ - ASCCS 2018. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/asccs2018.2018.7199.

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The slim-floor building system is attractive to constructors and architects due to the integration of steel beam in the overall height of the floor, which leads to additional floor-to-floor space, used mostly in acquiring additional storeys. The concrete slab offers natural fire protection for steel beams, while the use of novel corrugated steel sheeting reduces the concrete volume, and replaces the secondary beams (for usual spans of steel structures). Currently the slim-floor solutions are applied in non-seismic regions, and there are few studies that consider continuous or semi-continuous fixing of slim-floor beams. The present study was performed with the aim to develop reliable end-plate bolted connections for slim-floor beams, capable of being applicable to buildings located in areas with seismic hazard. It is based on numerical finite element analysis, developed in two stages. In a first stage, a finite element numerical model was calibrated based on a four point bending test of a slim-floor beam. Further, a case study was analysed for the investigation of beam-to-column joints with moment resisting connections between slim-floor beams and columns. The response was investigated considering both sagging and hogging bending moment. The results are analysed in terms of moment-rotation curve characteristics and failure mechanism.
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Heng, Piseth, Hugues Somja, and Mohammed Hjiaj. "Experimental study on in-plane capacities of composite steel-concrete floor." In 12th international conference on ‘Advances in Steel-Concrete Composite Structures’ - ASCCS 2018. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/asccs2018.2018.6987.

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In steel frame structures, composite floor is an important element that plays a significant role in contributing to lateral stability. Its working role in the in-plane action is to transfer lateral loads, such as wind loads and seismic loads, to vertical load-resisting members. Such load transferring process depends on the in-plane capacities of the floor, which can be reduced after being subjected to explosion. However, the remaining capacities have not been previously studied yet in the literature. This paper presents an experimental investigation on the initial and residual in-plane capacities of the composite steel-concrete floor after being subjected to explosion, which was made within the RFCS research project BASIS:“Blast Action on Structures In Steel”. Large-scale experimental tests on four composite floor specimens, consisting of a reinforced concrete panel casted on a profile steel sheet Comflor, are performed to determine the in-plane capacities. The initial damaging of the composite floor caused by the explosion is reproduced by a flexural test using a quasi-static loading. In the in-plane shear tests, special connections between the rigid frames of the shear rig and the embedded bolts in the concrete are used to ensure a good transferring of the applied load. The results from this experimental study are the first insights on the behavior of the composite floor with and without initial pre-damaging. They can also be useful for a preliminary recommendation to estimate residual in-plane capacities (stiffness and resistance) of the composite floor after being subjected explosion.
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Hajjar, Jerome F., Lizhong Wang, and Mark D. Webster. "Design for Deconstruction for Sustainable Composite Steel-Concrete Floor Systems." In 12th international conference on ‘Advances in Steel-Concrete Composite Structures’ - ASCCS 2018. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/asccs2018.2018.7060.

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Conventional steel-concrete composite floor systems utilizing steel headed stud anchors and metal decks are cost-effective and widely used solutions for non-residential multi-story buildings, due in part to their enhanced strength and stiffness relative to non-composite systems. Because these systems use steel headed stud anchors welded onto steel flanges and encased in cast-in-place concrete slabs to achieve composite action, it is not possible to readily deconstruct and reuse the steel beams and concrete slabs. As the building industry is moving towards sustainability, there are clear needs for developing sustainable steel-concrete composite floor systems to facilitate material reuse, minimize consumption of raw materials, and reduce end-of-life building waste. This paper presents the behavior and design strategies for a sustainable steel-concrete composite floor system. In this system, deconstructable clamping connectors are utilized to attach precast concrete planks to steel beams to achieve composite action. The load-slip behavior of the clamping connectors was studied in pushout tests, and the test results showed that the clamping connectors possess similar shear strength to 19 mm diameter shear studs and much greater slip capacity. Four full-scale beam tests were performed to investigate the flexural behavior of the deconstructable composite beams under gravity loading and validate the connector behavior attained from the pushout tests. All the beams behaved in a ductile manner. The flexural strengths of the composite beam specimens closely match the strengths predicted for composite beams by the design provisions of the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC).
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Abdoli, Abas, and George S. Dulikravich. "Multi-Objective Design Optimization of Multi-Floor, Counterflow Micro Heat Exchangers." In ASME 2013 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2013 7th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2013-17738.

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Heat removal capacity, coolant pumping pressure drop and surface temperature non-uniformity are three major challenges facing single-phase flow microchannel compact heat exchangers. In this paper multi-objective optimization has been performed to increase heat removal capacity, and decrease pressure drop and temperature non-uniformity in single-flow microchannels. Three-dimensional (3D) 4-floor branching networks have been applied to increase heat removal capacity of a microchannel from silicon substrate (15×15×2 mm). Each floor has four different branching sub-networks with opposite flow direction with respect to the next one. Each branching network has four inlets and one outlet. However, branching patterns of each of these sub-networks could be different from the others. Conjugate heat transfer analysis has been performed by developing a software package which uses quasi-1D thermo-fluid analysis and a 3D steady heat conduction analysis. These two solvers are coupled through their common boundaries representing surfaces of the cooling microchannels. Using quasi-1D solver significantly decreases computing time and its results are in good agreement with 3D Navier-Stokes equations solver for these types of application. The analysis package is capable of generating 3D branching networks with random topologies. 1341 random cooling networks were simulated using this analysis package. Multi-objective optimization using modeFrontier software was performed using response surface approximation and genetic algorithm. Diameters and branching pattern of each sub-network and coolant flow direction on each floor were design variables of multi-objective optimization. Maximizing heat removal capacity, minimizing pressure drop and temperature non-uniformity on the hot surface were three simultaneous objectives of the optimization. Pareto-optimal solutions demonstrate that thermal loads of up to 500 W/cm2 can be managed with 3D 4-floor microchannel cooling networks.
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Schmidt, Roger, and Ethan Cruz. "Raised Floor Computer Data Center: Effect on Rack Inlet Temperatures When High Powered Racks are Situated Amongst Lower Powered Racks." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-39652.

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This paper focuses on the effect on inlet rack air temperatures when high-powered racks are situated amongst lower powered racks in a raised floor data center. Only the above floor (raised floor) flow and temperature distributions were analyzed for various flowrates exhausting from the perforated tiles and with one or two high powered racks placed at various locations amongst the lower powered racks. A Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) model was generated for the room with electronic equipment installed on a raised floor with particular focus on the effects on rack inlet temperatures of these high powered racks. Forty racks of data processing (DP) equipment were arranged in rows in a data center cooled by chilled air exhausting from perforated floor tiles. The chilled air was provided by four A/C units placed inside a room 12.1 m wide × 13.4 m long. Since the arrangement of the racks in the data center was symmetric only one-half of the data center was modeled. The numerical modeling was performed using a commercially available finite control volume computer code called Flotherm (Trademark of Flomerics, Inc.). The flow was modeled using the k-e turbulence model. Results are displayed to provide some guidance on the design and layout of a data center.
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Reports on the topic "Four floor"

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Pritchett, Lant, and Martina Viarengo. Learning Outcomes in Developing Countries: Four Hard Lessons from PISA-D. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2021/069.

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The learning crisis in developing countries is increasingly acknowledged (World Bank, 2018). The UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) include goals and targets for universal learning and the World Bank has adopted a goal of eliminating learning poverty. We use student level PISA-D results for seven countries (Cambodia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Paraguay, Senegal, and Zambia) to examine inequality in learning outcomes at the global, country, and student level for public school students. We examine learning inequality using five dimensions of potential social disadvantage measured in PISA: sex, rurality, home language, immigrant status, and socio-economic status (SES)—using the PISA measure of ESCS (Economic, Social, and Cultural Status) to measure SES. We document four important facts. First, with the exception of Ecuador, less than a third of the advantaged (male, urban, native, home speakers of the language of instruction) and ESCS elite (plus 2 standard deviations above the mean) children enrolled in public schools in PISA-D countries reach the SDG minimal target of PISA level 2 or higher in mathematics (with similarly low levels for reading and science). Even if learning differentials of enrolled students along all five dimensions of disadvantage were eliminated, the vast majority of children in these countries would not reach the SDG minimum targets. Second, the inequality in learning outcomes of the in-school children who were assessed by the PISA by household ESCS is mostly smaller in these less developed countries than in OECD or high-performing non-OECD countries. If the PISA-D countries had the same relationship of learning to ESCS as Denmark (as an example of a typical OECD country) or Vietnam (a high-performing developing country) their enrolled ESCS disadvantaged children would do worse, not better, than they actually do. Third, the disadvantages in learning outcomes along four characteristics: sex, rurality, home language, and being an immigrant country are absolutely large, but still small compared to the enormous gap between the advantaged, ESCS average students, and the SDG minimums. Given the massive global inequalities, remediating within-country inequalities in learning, while undoubtedly important for equity and justice, leads to only modest gains towards the SDG targets. Fourth, even including both public and private school students, there are strikingly few children in PISA-D countries at high levels of performance. The absolute number of children at PISA level 4 or above (reached by roughly 30 percent of OECD children) in the low performing PISA-D countries is less than a few thousand individuals, sometimes only a few hundred—in some subjects and countries just double or single digits. These four hard lessons from PISA-D reinforce the need to address global equity by “raising the floor” and targeting low learning levels (Crouch and Rolleston, 2017; Crouch, Rolleston, and Gustafsson, 2020). As Vietnam and other recent successes show, this can be done in developing country settings if education systems align around learning to improve the effectiveness of the teaching and learning processes to improve early learning of foundational skills.
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Koskelainen, P., J. Ott, H. Schulzrinne, and X. Wu. Requirements for Floor Control Protocols. RFC Editor, February 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc4376.

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Newman, Michael G., Irina Dragan, and Satheesh Elangovan. Anatomy for Maxillary Sinus Floor Augmentation. Touch Surgery Publications, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18556/touchsurgery/2016.s0168.

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Newman, Michael G., Irina Dragan, and Satheesh Elangovan. Anatomy for Maxillary Sinus Floor Augmentation. Touch Surgery Simulations, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18556/touchsurgery/2019.s0168.

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Moriarty, Dylan Michael. Historical Cavern Floor Rise for All SPR Sites. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1431478.

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Maggio, Gian M., David Laney, and Lawrence Larson. BER and Error-Floor Calculation for Multi-Access PCTH. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada414339.

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Kane, D. L., and J. R. Janowicz. Flood frequency estimation for Alaska. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/2465.

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Rao, A. Flood Frequency Relationships for Indiana. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284313398.

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Diggs, John, Samantha Mikolajczyk, Lora Naismith, Margaret Reed, and Rory Smith. Flood Management in Texas: Planning for the Future. Edited by Gabriel Eckstein. Texas A&M University School of Law Program in Natural Resources Systems, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/eenrs.floodmanagementtx.

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This Report examines existing flood-related regulations in Texas and the United States, the Texas State Flood Plan, current flood mitigation strategies in the state, and the potential to implement green stormwater infrastructure. The report offers policy recommendations to clarify and help alleviate the current ambiguities and uncertainties between the Texas State Water Plan and State Flood Plan for future flood mitigation practices, and to simplify the implementation of green infrastructure.
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Valdés, Alberto, and William Foster. The New SSM: A Price Floor Mechanism for Developing Countries. Geneva, Switzerland: International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.7215/ag_ip_20050430.

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