Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fractura interlaminar

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Academic literature on the topic 'Fractura interlaminar'

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Published: 12 August 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Fractura interlaminar"

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Zenasni, R., A. S. Bachir, M. A. García, J. Riba, A. Argüelles, and J. Viña. "Influencia del envejecimiento higrotérmico en el comportamiento a fractura de compuestos de matriz termoplástica." Boletín de la Sociedad Española de Cerámica y Vidrio 43, no. 2 (April 30, 2004): 423–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/cyv.2004.v43.i2.558.

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Tareq, Md Sarower Hossain, Shaik Zainuddin, Mahesh V. Hosur, Bodiuzzaman Jony, Mohammad Al Ahsan, and Shaik Jeelani. "Flexural fatigue and fracture toughness behavior of nanoclay reinforced carbon fiber epoxy composites." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 29 (June 27, 2020): 4645–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998320935166.

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3-point flexural fatigue and Mode I interlaminar fracture tests were done to study the fatigue life and fracture toughness of nanoclay added carbon fiber epoxy composites. Fatigue life data was analyzed using Weibull distribution function, validated with Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness-of-fit, and predicted by combined Weibull and Sigmoidal models, respectively. The nanophased samples showed more than 300% improvement in mean and predicted fatigue life. At 0.7 stress level, the nanophased samples passed the ‘run-out’ fatigue criteria (106 cycles), whereas, the neat samples failed much earlier. The interlaminar fracture toughness of nanophased samples was also enhanced significantly by 71% over neat samples. Optical and scanning electron microscopic images of the nanophased fractured samples revealed certain features that improved the respective fatigue and fracture properties of the composites.
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Martin, R. H. "Interlaminar Fracture Characterization." Key Engineering Materials 120-121 (May 1996): 329–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.120-121.329.

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Castellanos, AG, MS Islam, MAI Shuvo, Y. Lin, and P. Prabhakar. "Nanowire reinforcement of woven composites for enhancing interlaminar fracture toughness." Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials 20, no. 1 (July 22, 2016): 70–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099636216650989.

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A novel technique to improve the Mode I and Mode II interlaminar fracture toughness of woven carbon-fiber polymer matrix composite face sheets using zinc oxide nanowires is proposed. Zinc oxide nanowires are directionally synthesized on dry carbon fabrics that are used to manufacture the laminate. The influence of zinc oxide nanowires on interlaminar fracture toughness is compared against regular interfaces using double cantilever beam and end-notched flexure tests to provide fracture toughness values. A significant improvement in the Mode I and Mode II interlaminar fracture toughness values is observed with zinc oxide nanowires. Therefore, zinc oxide nanowire interlaminar reinforcement has been proven to enhance the interlaminar fracture toughness of textile composites.
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Katogi, Hideaki, and Kenichi Takemura. "Effect of Carbon Milled Fiber Addition on Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics." Key Engineering Materials 577-578 (September 2013): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.577-578.73.

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In this study, effect of Carbon Milled Fiber (CMF) addition on interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) was investigated. Plain woven carbon fiber was used as reinforcement. Epoxy resin was used as matrix. The addition amounts of CMF are 0.5wt%, 0.8wt%, 1.0wt% and 1.2wt% for the epoxy resin. Mode I and mode II interlaminar fracture toughness tests were conducted based on JIS K 7086. As a result, mode I and mode II interlaminar fracture toughness increased with an increase of addictive amount of CMF. But excess addition was not effective. Pull out of CMF in matrix was found after mode I and mode II interlaminar fracture toughness tests. The mode I and mode II interlaminar fracture toughness of CMF added CFRP can be improved by fiber bridging of CMF.
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Wu, Xiaochuan, Zhongde Shan, Feng Liu, and Yuan Wang. "Mechanical properties of 3D-woven composites with guide sleeves." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 12 (March 23, 2016): 1571–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998316636461.

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In this study, the preforms of 3D woven composite materials were made by a flexible oriented 3D composite woven process. The vacuum-assisted resin infusion (VARI) process was used to impregnate the preforms. The short-beam shear test, the compression test, and SEM were used to investigate the interlaminar shear performance and the compression behavior of the 3D woven composite with guide sleeves, and the effect of the guide sleeves on the above properties. It is indicated that the interlaminar shear behavior of 3D woven composites with guide sleeves showed the typical fracture characteristics of a pseudoplastic material. And the fracture modes of interlaminar shear mainly include interlaminar shear fracture and tensile fracture of fibers at the bottom. The interlaminar shear strength of materials increased with the diameter and interval of guide sleeves decreasing. Furthermore, the loss of in-plane compression properties of the materials brought by guide sleeves could be effectively avoided by reasonable control of the diameter and the volume fracture of guide sleeves.
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Ghasemnejad, H., V. Thomas, and H. Hadavinia. "Mixed-Mode Delamination Failure of Z-Pinned Hybrid Laminated Composites." Key Engineering Materials 452-453 (November 2010): 453–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.452-453.453.

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The mixed-Mode interlaminar fracture toughness, GI/IIC, of z-pinned hybrid laminated composites is studied to investigate the effect of 3D-composites on the crack propagation resistance of delaminated composite structures. In this regard, the mixed-Mode interlaminar fracture toughness, GI/IIC, was measured using asymmetric double cantilever beam (ADCB) test method. The hybrid ADCB and z-pinned hybrid composite beams were laid-up from [G0/C0]4, [G0/C90]4, [G90/C0]4 and [G90/C90]4 to study the effect of z-pinning on the interlaminar fracture toughness. From the obtained results from test it was found that the resistance of z-pin fibres against the crack propagation in z-pinned hybrid composites can significantly increase the mixed-mode interlaminar fracture toughness.
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Sembokuya, Hideki, Masaki Hojo, and Kiyoshi Kemmochi. "Mode I Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of Organic Fiber Reinforced Plastics." Advanced Composites Letters 6, no. 3 (May 1997): 096369359700600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369359700600302.

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Mode I Interlaminar fracture behaviors of organic (aramid and polyarylate) fiber reinforced plastics were investigated. The values of interlaminar fracture toughness increased with the increase of crack length. The increase of intrelaminar fracture toughness was due to the fiber bridging between crack surfaces.
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Haldar, Sandip, Claudio S. Lopes, and Carlos Gonzalez. "Interlaminar and Intralaminar Fracture Behavior of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites." Key Engineering Materials 713 (September 2016): 325–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.713.325.

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Interlaminar and intralaminar fracture behavior of carbon fiber reinforced composites have been experimentally studied. Unidirectional, woven reinforcement and thermoplastic and thermoset polymer matrix laminates have been characterized using double cantilever beam (DCB) and end notch flexure (ENF) specimens for Mode-I and Mode-II fracture toughness, respectively and compact tension (CT) specimens for intralaminar fracture. AS4/PEEK, AS4/8552 and AGP193PW/8552 laminates have been characterized in this study. The fracture toughness determined from the experimental data could be related to the constituents and reinforcements. It has been observed between the two UD laminates, AS4/PEEK exhibit higher fracture resistance under both interlaminar and intralaminar fracture. Woven reinforcement is found to show higher mode-II interlaminar fracture toughness.
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Aliabadi, M. H. "Interlaminar fracture of composites." Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements 9, no. 4 (January 1992): 368. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0955-7997(92)90034-5.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fractura interlaminar"

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Pereira, António Manuel de Bastos. "Fractura interlaminar de compósitos de matriz polimérica." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/2549.

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Os compósitos de matriz polimérica são actualmente utilizados num vasto campo de sectores de actividade, que vão desde a electrónica de grande consumo até às indústrias aeronáutica e espacial. Apesar dos progressos conseguidos, subsistem alguns obstáculos à generalização das aplicações estruturais de compósitos, associados aos elevados custos dos materiais e à complexidade do comportamento mecânico. Na realidade, devido a lacunas no conhecimento dos mecanismos de dano e de ruína, há um enorme potencial de optimização de estruturas compósitas. Um dos modos de dano mais perigoso dos laminados compósitos de alto desempenho é a delaminagem. Após inúmeros estudos publicados, estão disponíveis normas que permitem caracterizar a resistência à delaminagem de compósitos unidireccionais. Porém, na grande maioria das aplicações estruturais usam-se laminados multidireccionais e as delaminagens tendem a formar-se entre camadas de diferentes orientações. O objectivo principal deste trabalho foi por isso caracterizar a resistência à delaminagem de laminados multidireccionais, nomeadamente avaliar a influência da orientação das camadas adjacentes à delaminagem. Atendendo à importância prática das solicitações e dos materiais, foram realizados ensaios de modo I “double cantilever beam” (DCB), de modo II “end-notched flexure” (ENF) e de modo misto I+II “mixed mode bending” (MMB), em provetes vidro/epóxido e carbono/epóxido. Os provetes escolhidos tinham interfaces de delaminagem dos tipos 0/θ e θ/−θ, sendo θ variável entre 0 e 90 graus. A componente experimental foi amplamente suportada por modelação tridimensional com elementos finitos. Os resultados mostraram ser possível evitar fenómenos espúrios de dano intralaminar em ensaios de modo II. Todavia, em modo I, foi frequentemente possível medir apenas taxas críticas de libertação de energia, GIc, de iniciação. Por outro lado, verificou-se que à interface 0/0 corresponderam geralmente os menores valores de GIc e GIIc, e que a interface de delaminagem afectou mais esta última. Finalmente, em modo misto I+II, Gc variou de forma aproximadamente linear com a fracção de modo II, GII/G, embora se tenha constatado alguma ambiguidade na partição de modos em provetes carbono/epóxido.
Polymer matrix composites are nowadays widely used in a vast range of applications, from consumer electronics to aircraft and aerospace industries. However, in spite of the enormous progress, the spreading of structural applications still faces obstacles associated to high material costs and complex mechanical behaviour. In fact, the present unability to master composite damage mechanics leaves an enormous potential for optimization of composite structures. Delamination is considered one of the most dangerous damage modes of high performance laminated composites. Following numerous published studies, standards are currently available for the measurement of the delamination resistance of unidirectional laminates. However, the vast majority of structural applications involves multidirectional laminates and delaminations are seen to occur between differently oriented plies. The main objective of this work was therefore to characterise the delamination resistance of multidirectional laminates. The emphasis was on evaluating the effect of the orientation of delaminating plies on toughness. In view of the practical importance of the loadings and materials, mode I “double cantilever beam” (DCB), mode II “end-notched flexure” (ENF) and mixed-mode I+II “mixed mode bending” (MMB) tests were performed on glass/epoxy and carbon/epoxy laminates. Selected specimens had delaminations in 0/θ and θ/−θ type interfaces, θ varying between 0 and 90 degrees. The experimental component was supported by extensive threedimensional finite element modelling. The results showed it was possible to avoid spurious intraply damage phenomena in mode II tests. However, it was frequently only possible to measure mode I critical strain energy release rates, GIc, for initiation. On the other hand, it was seen that the 0/0 interface had the lowest GIc and GIIc values. Moreover, the latter was more sensitive to the delamination interface. Finally, under mixed-mode I+II, Gc varied quasi linearly with the mode II ratio, GII/G, although there was some mode partitioning ambiguity in carbon/epoxy specimens.
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Navarro, Muedra Arsenio. "Durabilidad a fractura interlaminar de composites de viniléster-poliuretano con tejido 2d de alto gramaje en vidrio E." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/138395.

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[ES] El presente trabajo de investigación se enmarca dentro del campo de los materiales compuestos o composites de resina viniléster y tejido de alto gramaje (780 g/m2) de fibra de vidrio E. Más concretamente esta resina viniléster es relativamente novedosa y no existe mucha investigación al respecto de ella, su novedad radica en que contiene en su cadena una segmentación uretano que le confiere propiedades más elásticas que sus homónimas de bisfenol-A tradicionales. Cada vez más las resinas viniléster están introduciéndose en mercados donde las resinas epoxi eran las indiscutibles dueñas. El desarrollo de estas nuevas resinas de mejor tixotropía y resistencia a los agentes básicos puede ayudar a incrementar su uso en refuerzos estructurales, así como en elementos que tengan per se su naturaleza alcalina, como puede ser el hormigón. Si bien, los fabricantes de resinas no suelen dar valores de resistencia al agrietamiento interlaminar o de tenacidad a la fractura, es uno de los valores más representativos a la hora de poder evaluar la adherencia entre fibra y matriz. En el caso de fracturas en modo de cizallamiento interlaminar que es como más comúnmente pueden generar el fallo los típicos composites de matriz termoestable, existe literatura científica al respecto, pero no de esta nueva resina. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivos el caracterizar el comportamiento a fractura interlaminar por carga en Modo II de los compuestos de resina viniléster-uretano reforzada con tejido de fibra de vidrio y curados a diferentes ciclos de temperatura para optimizar el proceso productivo de fabricación del composite. Así como estudiar el efecto de la degradación por inmersión prolongada en medios químicos, con carácter básico, de este nuevo material, simulando ambientes habituales de exposición causados por el exudado de hormigón a temperatura ambiente y a alta temperatura de servicio y también embebiendo este material en hormigón autocompactante. Este trabajo nos ha permitido caracterizar y cuantificar la influencia de la etapa de curado realizada para reducir el plazo de procesado del composite, en los indicadores de resistencia y de tenacidad a la deslaminación en un material compuesto de viniléster de segmento uretano. Se ha establecido que para esta resina, entre las propiedades mecánicas estáticas, la resistencia a deslaminación por cortadura o cizalladura, ¿, es la menos sensible al proceso de curado y al tiempo de degradación. También la tasa de relajación de energía por deformación se encuentra dentro de las características menos sensibles a los envejecimientos utilizados, así como al ambiente básico del hormigón. Características muy interesantes pues las tradicionales resinas bisfenol-A son muy sensibles a la basicidad del hormigón.
[CAT] El present treball de recerca s'emmarca dins el camp dels materials compostos o compòsits de resina vinilèster i teixit d'alt gramatge (780 g / m2) de fibra de vidre E. Més concretament aquesta resina vinilèster és relativament nova i sobre la qual no hi ha molta investigació, la seva novetat radica en que conté en la seva cadena una segmentació poliuretà que li confereix propietats més elàstiques que les seves homònimes de bisfenol-a tradicionals. Cada vegada més les resines vinilèster estan introduint-se en mercats on les resines epoxi eren les indiscutibles propietàries. El desenvolupament d'aquestes noves resines de millor tixotropia i resistència als agents bàsics pot ajudar a incrementar el seu ús en reforços estructurals, així com en elements que tinguen per se naturalesa bàsica, com pot ser el formigó. Ara bé, els fabricants de resines no solen donar valors de resistència a l'esquerdament interlaminar o de tenacitat a la fractura, és un dels valors més representatius a l'hora de poder avaluar l'adherència entre fibra i matriu. En el cas de fractures en mode de cisallament interlaminar que és com més comunament poden generar la decisió els típics composites de matriu termoestable, hi ha literatura científica sobre aquest tema, però no d'aquesta nova resina. El present treball té com a objectius caracteritzar el comportament a fractura interlaminar per càrrega en mode II dels compostos de resina vinilèster-uretà reforçada amb teixit de fibra de vidre i curats a diferents cicles de temperatura per optimitzar el procés productiu de fabricació del compòsit. Així com estudiar l'efecte de la degradació per immersió prolongada en mitjans químics, amb caràcter bàsic, d'aquest nou material, simulant ambients habituals d'exposició causats pel exsudat de formigó a temperatura ambient i a alta temperatura de servei i també embevent aquest material en formigó autocompactant. Aquest treball ens ha permès caracteritzar i quantificar la influència de l'etapa de curat realitzada per reduir el termini de processament del composite, en els indicadors de resistència i de tenacitat a la deslaminació en un material compost de vinilèster de segment uretà. S'ha establert que per a aquesta resina, entre les propietats mecàniques estàtiques, la resistència a deslaminació per tall o cisallament, ¿, és la menys sensible al procés de curat i al temps de degradació. També la taxa de relaxació d'energia per deformació es troba dins de les característiques menys sensibles als envelliments utilitzats, així com l'ambient bàsic del formigó. Característiques molt interessants ja que les tradicionals resines bisfenol-A són molt sensibles a la basicitat del formigó.
[EN] This research work is part of the field of vinyl ester resin composites and composites and high grammage (780 g/m2) glass fiber E. More specifically, this vinylester resin is relatively new and there is not much research Regarding it, its novelty lies in that it contains a polyurethane segmentation in its chain that gives it more elastic properties than its traditional bisphenol-A homonymous. More and more vinylester resins are entering markets where epoxi resins were the undisputed owners. The development of these new resins of better thixotropy and resistance to basic agents can help to increase their use in structural reinforcements, as well as elements that have per-se its basic nature, such as concrete. Although, the manufacturers of resins do not usually give values of resistance to the cracking interlaminar or of tenacity to the fracture, it is one of the most representative values when it comes to being able to evaluate the adherence between the fiber and the matrix. In the case of fractures in the interlaminar shear mode, which is the most common form in which the fault can generate the typical thermostable matrix composites, there is scientific literature on this, but not this new resin. The objective of this work is to characterize the behavior to interlaminar fracture toughness in Mode II of vinyl ester-urethane resin composites reinforced with fiberglass fabric and cured at different temperature cycles to optimize the production process of manufacturing of the composite. As well as studying the effect of the degradation by prolonged immersion in chemical means, with basic character, of this new material, simulating habitual atmospheres of exposure caused by the exudate of concrete at room temperature and high temperature of service and also imbibing this material in self-compacting concrete. The present investigation has allowed us to characterize and quantify the influence of the curing stage carried out to reduce the processing time of the composite, in the indicators of resistance and tenacity to delamination in a vinyl ester compound of urethane segment. It has been established that, for this resin between the static mechanical properties: the resistance to delamination by shearing or shearing, ¿, is the least sensitive to the curing process and to the degradation time. Also, the rate of relaxation of energy by deformation is found within the characteristics less sensitive to the aging used, as well as to the basic environment of the concrete. Very interesting characteristics because the traditional bisphenol-A resins are very sensitive to the basicity of concrete.
Navarro Muedra, A. (2020). Durabilidad a fractura interlaminar de composites de viniléster-poliuretano con tejido 2d de alto gramaje en vidrio E [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/138395
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Duran, Sureda Imma. "Estudio de la influencia de los factores ambientales en el comportamiento de la unión adhesiva entre hormigón y barras FRP NSM." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672298.

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NSM strengthening technique under the influence of temperature and relative humidity, in which the interaction between materials involved is analyzed, is studied in this PhD. Therefore, this work is aimed at contributing to a better knowledge about short – term bond behaviour of NSM Carbon FRP (CFRP) bars reinforcement Systems. The influence of temperature and relative humidity on the short-term bond behavior is analysed and an analytical model, based on the fracture mechanical apporach to determine bond toughness according to the failure mode, is developed. To achieve the goal, an experimental campaign with two series has been carried out. Single shear pull-out concrete blocs strengthened with NSM CFRP bars have been conducted. The experimental results of experimental test campaign, together with the application of development analytical model, are used to characterize the fracture bond behavior
Aquesta tesi és un estudi del comportament adherent instantani entre el reforç de CFRP (de l’anglès, Carbon fiber reinforced polymer) i el formigó, mitjançant la tècnica de reforç NSM (de l’anglès, Near – Surface Mounted), on s’analitza la interacció entre els tres constituents: barres de CFRP, adhesiu i formigó, sota diferents condicions de temperatura i humitat relativa. Per tant, l’objectiu d’aquest treball és contribuir a la millora del coneixement analitzant la influència de la temperatura i humitat relativa en el comportament de la unió i desenvolupant un model analític basat en la mecànica de fractura per a determinar la tenacitat de la unió en funció del mode de ruptura. Per assolir-lo, s’ha realitzat una campanya experimental formada per dues sèries executant assajos de pull-out directe. Amb els resultats experimentals juntament amb el model analític desenvolupat, s’ha caracteritzat el comportament a fractura de la unió
Programa de Doctorat en Tecnologia
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Sánchez, Bolinches Alejandro. "INFLUENCIA DE LA ETAPA DE CURADO A BAJA TEMPERATURA EN EL COMPORTAMIENTO A FRACTURA EN MODO II DE COMPOSITES VINILESTER-BPA Y SU DURABILIDAD EN CONDICIONES EXTREMAS DE TEMPERATURA." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/63665.

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[EN] The research represented by this thesis deals with bisphenol-A epoxy vinyl ester resin (VEBA) composite materials reinforced with E-fiberglass fabric of medium weight (450 g/m2) and quasi-orthotropic 0-90°/±45° configuration. The increasing use of vinyl ester resin is due to the advantageous combination of their physical, chemical and mechanical characteristics, which makes it economic and competitive in certain technological applications traditionally reserved for epoxy resins. The use of glass fiber reinforcements extends its applicability as structural material not only in the fields of chemical, industrial and marine engineering but also in civil construction. Manufacturers of VE resin do not provide the following information: interlaminar crack strength of composites, properties of reinforcements different from mat, durability of the material until structural failure and collapse due to delamination. On the other hand, low cost manufacturing and not amortizable production infrastructure, or producing a material in situ to repair any infrastructure damages where it is not feasible to supply sufficient energy for curing composite, which is another aspect not widely established by research publications concerning the influence on the mechanical properties achieved by the composite. The given thesis aims: to characterize the interlaminar mode II fracture behavior of the composite (VEBA/0-90º±45º)4 cured at low temperature; quantify the influence of curing temperature on interlaminar mechanical characteristics; determine the mechanism of influence of curing temperature on the toughness in Mode II; establish durability of the composite during Mode II delamination in severe conditions of prolonged exposure to high temperature (95 °C) and also connections between durability and the temperature of curing. The mechanical characterization: flexural, interlaminar shear and Mode II interlaminar fracture strengths and fractographic, calorimetric and thermogravimetric studies indicate that the composites cured at low temperatures (20 to 50 °C) have better mechanical properties than composites with mat, and very close to the 0-90º taffeta ones. The curing temperature influences the resistance against delamination and the loss of those mechanical properties by prolonged exposure to high temperature. Shear strength and interlaminar fracture toughness properties are the most sensitive mechanical characteristics. Even with low curing temperature, the resin VEBA maintains good resistance to prolonged thermal degradation. Curing at 50 ° C makes possible low cost manufacturing and reparation in situ.
[ES] El trabajo de investigación que conforma esta publicación se inscribe en el campo de los materiales compuestos de resina viniléster de segmento epoxy-bisfenol A (VEBA), reforzada con tejido de medio gramaje (450 g/m2) en fibra de vidrio E, y configuración cuasi ortotrópica 0-90º±45º. El uso creciente de la resina viniléster viene dado por la combinación ventajosa de sus características mecánicas, químico-físicas, y económicas que la hace competitiva en algunas aplicaciones tecnológicas tradicionalmente reservadas para las resinas epoxy. La introducción de refuerzos de fibra de vidrio incrementa su aplicabilidad estructural a sectores no solamente de la ingeniería química, industrial, naval sino también de la construcción civil. Los fabricantes de resinas VE no aportan información sobre propiedades resistentes al agrietamiento interlaminar de compuestos, ni sobre otras tipologías de refuerzo diferentes a mat, ni de la durabilidad del material frente al fallo y colapso estructural por delaminación. Por otro lado, la fabricación en condiciones de bajo coste e infraestructura de producción no amortizable, o elaboración in situ con fines de reparación de desperfectos en instalaciones, donde no es factible un aporte energético suficiente para curado del compuesto, es otro aspecto no tratado por publicaciones de investigación en cuanto a la influencia sobre las propiedades mecánicas alcanzadas por el compuesto. La presente publicación tiene como objetivos para el compuesto (VEBA/0-90º±45º)4 caracterizar su comportamiento a fractura interlaminar por carga en Modo II, cuantificar la influencia de la temperatura de curado en las características de tenacidad a fractura del material compuesto, determinar el mecanismo de influencia de la temperatura de curado en la tenacidad del material en Modo II, y establecer la durabilidad del compuesto a la delaminación en Modo II para condiciones severas de exposición prolongada a alta temperatura (95 ºC) y relación de la misma con respecto a la temperatura de la etapa de curado. La caracterización mecánica a flexión, cizalladura interlaminar, fractura interlaminar en modo II, y el estudio fractográfico, calorimétrico y termogravimétrico indican que el compuesto curado a bajas temperaturas (20 y 50 ºC) tiene buenas características mecánicas, superiores a los compuestos con mat, y muy cercanas a los tafetán 0-90º. La temperatura de curado tiene influencia en el comportamiento contra la delaminación, y frente a la merma de éstas por exposición prolongada a alta temperatura. Resistencia a cizalladura y tenacidad a fractura interlaminar son las propiedades más sensibles. En estas condiciones de curado, la resina VEBA mantiene una buena resistencia a la degradación térmica. Curar a 50 ºC hace factible la reparación o elaboración in situ.
[CAT] El treball d'investigació que conforma esta tesi doctoral s'inscriu en el camp dels materials compostos de resina viniléster de segment epoxy-bisfenol A (VEBA) , reforçada amb teixit de mig gramatge (450 g/m2) en fibra de vidre E, i configuració quasi ortotrópica 0-90º±45º. L'ús creixent de la resina viniléster ve donat per la combinació avantatjosa de les seues característiques mecàniques, quimicofísiques, i econòmiques que la fa competitiva en algunes aplicacions tecnològiques tradicionalment reservades per a les resines epoxy. La introducció de reforços de fibra de vidre incrementa la seua aplicabilitat estructural a sectors no sols de l'enginyeria química, industrial, naval sinó també de la construcció civil. Els fabricants de resines VEU no aporten informació sobre propietats resistents al clavillament interlaminar de compostos, ni sobre altres tipologies de reforç diferents de mat, ni de la durabilitat del material enfront de la fallada i col·lapse estructural per delaminación. D'altra banda, la fabricació en condicions de baix cost i infraestructura de producció no amortitzable, o elaboració in situ amb fins de reparació de desperfectes en instal·lacions, on no és factible una aportació energètica suficient per a curat del compost, és un altre aspecte no tractat per publicacions d'investigació quant a la influència sobre les propietats mecàniques aconseguides per el compost (VEBA/0-90º±45º)4 caracteritzar el seu comportament a fractura interlaminar per càrrega en Mode II, quantificar la influència de la temperatura de curat en les característiques de tenacitat a fractura del material compost, determinar el mecanisme d'influència de la temperatura de curat en la tenacitat del material en Mode II, i establir la durabilitat del compost a la delaminación en Mode II per a condicions severes d'exposició prolongada a alta temperatura (95 ºC) i relació de la mateixa respecte a la temperatura de l'etapa de curat. La caracterització mecànica a flexió, cizalladura interlaminar, fractura interlaminar en mode II, i l'estudi fractográfico, calorimètric i termogravimétrico indiquen que el compost curat a baixes temperatures (20 i 50 ºC) té bones característiques mecàniques, superiors als compostos amb mat, i molt pròximes als tafetà 0-90º. La temperatura de curat té influència en el comportament contra la delaminación, i enfront de la minva d'estes per exposició prolongada a alta temperatura. Resistència a cizalladura i tenacitat a fractura interlaminar són les propietats més sensibles. En estes condicions de curat, la resina VEBA manté una bona resistència a la degradació tèrmica. Curar a 50 ºC fa factible la reparació o elaboració.
Sánchez Bolinches, A. (2016). INFLUENCIA DE LA ETAPA DE CURADO A BAJA TEMPERATURA EN EL COMPORTAMIENTO A FRACTURA EN MODO II DE COMPOSITES VINILESTER-BPA Y SU DURABILIDAD EN CONDICIONES EXTREMAS DE TEMPERATURA [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/63665
TESIS
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5

Weinstein, Freddy. "Studies in interlaminar fracture of composite laminates." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11829.

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6

Li, Jian. "Interlaminar fracture analysis for laminated composites under combined loading." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/13099.

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7

Nuggehalli, Nandakumar Pratap. "Rate sensitivity of the interlaminar fracture toughness of laminated composites." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/3699.

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The rate sensitivities of mode-I and mode-II fracture toughness, in the form of GIc and GIIc of Toray T800S/3900 carbon unitape/epoxy, T700G/3900 Plain weave carbon fabric/epoxy, and Newport NB321/7781 fiberglass/epoxy materials were investigated experimentally. Static and dynamic tests, with stroke rates ranging from 8.33×10-4in/s to 100in/s, were conducted on double cantilever beam and end notch flexure specimens. Both [0°] N and [±45°] N laminates were studied in this investigation. The rate sensitivities were characterized in terms of the initiation fracture toughness and crack growth resistance. The average mode-I initiation fracture toughness, GIc of NB321/7781 [0°] laminate was observed to decrease with stroke rate from 6.5lbf-in/in2 to 4lbf-in/in2 and further increased to 6lbf-in/in2 over a range of 5 decades of crack opening displacement rates. The resistance tended to be constant with crack length for the low rate tests. At higher rates, the resistance decreased gradually. The tests data indicated ductile stable and brittle unstable behavior with a transition stick-slip behavior. The average mode-II fracture toughness of the NB321/7781 [0°] laminate was observed to increase from 12lbf-in/in2 to 17lbf-in/in2 over the entire range of 5 decades of shear displacement rates. The fracture behavior was observed to be brittle stable at all rates. The NB321/7781 [±45°] laminate’s opening mode initiation toughness was observed to decrease from 9lbf-in/in2 to 3lbf-in/in2 and further increased to 4lbf-in/in2 over a range of 5 decades of crack opening displacement rates. The delamination resistance increased with crack length for the low rate tests. At higher rates, the resistance decreased gradually. The fracture behavior transitioned from ductile stable to brittle unstable. The opening mode initiation toughness of T700G/3900 [0°] laminate decreased from 3.5lbf-in/in2 to 2lbf-in/in2 and further increased to 3.2lbf-in/in2 over a range of 5 decades of viii crack opening displacement rates. The delamination resistance indicated constant pattern irrespective of the stroke rates. The fracture behavior at low rates indicated transition stick-slip behavior, whereas brittle unstable behavior was evident at higher rates. The mode-II fracture toughness tended to be constant at 4.5lbf-in/in2 over a range of 5 decades of shear displacement rates. Brittle stable fracture behavior was observed at all rates. The opening mode initiation toughness of T700G/3900 [±45°] laminate was observed to decrease from 2.75lbf-in/in2 to 1.8lbf-in/in2 and further increased to 2.8lbf-in/in2 over a range of 5 decades of crack opening displacement rates. The delamination resistance tended to increase with crack length at lower rates, whereas it tended to decrease at higher rates. The fracture behavior indicated transition stick-slip behavior at lower rates, whereas brittle unstable behavior was evident at the highest rate tested. The T800S/3900 [0°] laminate’s opening mode initiation toughness was observed to steadily decrease from 5lbf-in/in2 to 2.5lbf-in/in2 over a range of 5 decades of crack opening displacement rates. The delamination resistance was observed to increase with crack length at lower rates, whereas it tended to decrease gradually at higher rates. Brittle stable fracture behavior was observed at all rates. Fiber bridging was prominent with an increase in test rates. The mode-II fracture toughness increased steadily from 9lbf-in/in2 to 20lbf-in/in2 over a range of 5 decades of shear displacement rates. Brittle stable fracture behavior was observed at all rates.
Thesis (M.S.)--Wichita State University, College of Engineering, Dept. of Aerospace Engineering.
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Zhao, Dongming. "Interlaminar fracture behavior of woven fabric composites and mode III delamination analysis." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10075.

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Kuwata, Manabu. "Mechanisms of interlaminar fracture toughness using non-woven veils as interleaf materials." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2010. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/565.

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The main objective of this research is to understand the mechanisms of interlaminar toughness using non-woven veils as the interleaf materials. The vacuum assisted resin transfer moulding (VaRTM) method was chosen for making specimens. Several types of non-woven veils were used as the toughening materials, because the non-woven veil was expected for good resin permeability. Three types of carbon fabrics, (plain, 5-harness satin, and unidirectional) and two types of resins (epoxy and vinyl ester) were selected for base materials. Firstly, the Mode-I and Mode-II interlaminar toughness tests, which are double cantilever beam (DCB) and four-point end notched flexure (4ENF) tests, were carried out to evaluate the effect of toughening by the interleaf veils. The mechanisms of the improvement by the interleaf veils were evaluated by microscopy. The adhesion between veil fibres and matrix is an important factor of the improvement of the interlaminar toughness. If veil fibres have poor adhesion to resin, these fibres would be pulled out from the matrix and work as fibre-bridging. In contrast, good adhesion of veil fibres is not necessary improvement of the interlaminar fracture toughness. Because these fibres are embedded in the matrix and interleaf veil cannot contribute to suppression of the crack propagation. The second stage of experiments was impact and compression after impact (CAI) tests. In this stage, the base materials were plain weave fabric only. Impact damage was evaluated using ultrasonic C-scan. The polyamide veils interleaved samples had superior impact and CAI resistance properties in all interleaved materials. In the final stage, correlation between each mechanical property was analysed and discussed. It was found that the relationship between each fracture toughness is affected by fabric and resin. Moreover, this work and previous literature data were compared. It can be found that the non-woven veils are effective toughening materials.
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Ramirez, Elias Victor. "Effect of nonwoven veil architectures on interlaminar fracture toughness of interleaved composites." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/effect-of-nonwoven-veil-architectures-on-interlaminar-fracture-toughness-of-interleaved-composites(fe958e23-5bab-4264-9b1b-87363e844273).html.

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This thesis addresses the influence of veil architecture on interlaminar fracture toughness (IFT) of interleaved unidirectional (UD) carbon fibre-epoxy composites with the aim to provide insights. Two nonwoven veils sets formed from polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) fibres with different diameters, with a range of increasing areal density, and a sample of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) fibres, with comparable fibre diameter, are characterised gravimetrically and by tensile tests (long and zero span). Consequently, the anisotropy and maximum stress transfer efficiency (MSTE) parameters are shown by these veils. Subsequently, the veils are interleaved within UD composites and assessed for mode I and mode II IFT. In both modes the veils show a strong dependence on areal density before a plateau at high areal densities, although the lower diameter fibres showed higher IFT values. Interpretation of the results reveal that the difference is attributable to the coverage of veils and thus, to the fraction of fibres in the propagation of crack. However, the effect of fibres is quite evident through the fibre bridging mechanism in the propagation of cracks, more significantly in mode I than in mode II. Moreover, in mode I and mode II a linkage of MSTE of veils with low data variability in IFT is observed. With regard to the anisotropy, this is notably significant only for the PEEK sample, though a statistical analysis supports that the IFT values from both types of fibres are consistent. A comparison of data revealed a slight dependence of the ratio mode II/mode I on areal density only for the larger diameter PPS fibre and the anisotropy of PEEK sample has a strong influence on this ratio. In both modes, however, data presented by this study are consistent with data provided by previous work. Subsequently, mass distribution of veil handsheets is assessed for both modes of IFT into UD composites, revealing no significant dependence of mass distribution on mode I IFT, whereas for mode II this dependence is significant due to the effect a variety of fractional open area size and the floculatted fibres. Fractographic observations via SEM (Scanning Electro Microscope) from representative interleaved composites are analysed and discussed.
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Books on the topic "Fractura interlaminar"

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Martin, Roderick H. Interlaminar fracture characterization: A current review. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1991.

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Johnson, W. S. Influence of the resin on interlaminar mixed-mode fracture. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1985.

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Keinanen, Heikki. Interlaminar mode-II fracture toughness of a glass-fiber epoxy laminate. Espoo, Finland: Technical Research Centre of Finland, 1992.

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Li, Jian. Simplified data reduction methods for the ECT test for mode III interlaminar fracture toughness. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1995.

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Hoeven, W. van der. Effect of cooling rate on interlaminar fracture energy and shear strength of APC-2 laminates. Amsterdam: National Aerospace Laboratory, 1993.

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Moss, A. C. Fracture characteristics of carbon and aramis unidirectional composites in interlaminar shear and open hole tensile tests. Amsterdam: National Aerospace Laboratory, 1986.

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Armanios. Interlaminar Fracture of Composites. Pro Books, 1989.

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Interlaminar fracture toughness of thermoplastic composites. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1988.

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Interlaminar Fracture of Composites (Key Engineering Materials). Trans Tech Publications, 1989.

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W, Deaton Jerry, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Scientific and Technical Information Division., eds. The interlaminar fracture toughness of woven graphite/epoxy composites. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Management, Scientific and Technical Information Division, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fractura interlaminar"

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Shao, Zhuoping, and Fuli Wang. "Interlaminar Fracture Properties of Bamboo." In The Fracture Mechanics of Plant Materials, 147–97. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-9017-2_8.

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Kurokawa, Tomoaki, Takayuki Kusaka, Taichi Shimazaki, Yoshiaki Yamauchi, and Takanori Kawashima. "Dynamic Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of CFRP Composite Laminates." In Constitutive Relation in High/Very High Strain Rates, 217–24. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-65947-1_25.

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Davies, P., and A. Roulin. "A Standard for Interlaminar Fracture Testing of Composites." In Developments in the Science and Technology of Composite Materials, 419–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1123-9_57.

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Whitney, J., and M. Pinnell. "Characterization of Interlaminar Mode II Fracture Using Beam Specimens." In Developments in the Science and Technology of Composite Materials, 865–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0787-4_122.

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Deng, Shi Qiang, P. Rosso, Lin Ye, and Klaus Friedrich. "Interlaminar Fracture of CF/EP Composites Modified with Nano-Silica." In Solid State Phenomena, 1403–6. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-30-2.1403.

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Gharbi, Maissa, Armelle Chabot, Jean-Luc Geffard, and Mai Lan Nguyen. "Interlaminar Mode-I Fracture Characterization Underwater of Reinforced Bituminous Specimens." In RILEM Bookseries, 1119–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46455-4_142.

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Ojard, G., T. Barnett, M. Dahlen, U. Santhosh, J. Ahmad, and R. Miller. "Mode I Interlaminar Fracture Toughness Testing of a Ceramic Matrix Composite." In Mechanical Properties and Performance of Engineering Ceramics and Composites V, 195–206. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470944127.ch20.

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Tandon, G. P., T. J. Whitney, R. Gerzeski, H. Koerner, and J. Baur. "Process Parameter Effects on Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of FDM Printed Coupons." In Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series, 63–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41766-0_8.

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Davies, P., W. Cantwell, H. Richard, C. Moulin, and H. H. Kausch. "Interlaminar Fracture Testing of Carbon Fibre/Peek Composites Validity and Applications." In Developments in the Science and Technology of Composite Materials, 747–55. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1123-9_102.

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Li, Lei, and Zhu Feng Yue. "Analysis of Interlaminar Stresses and Failure around Hole Edge for Composite Laminates under In-Plane Loading." In Fracture and Damage Mechanics V, 1027–30. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-413-8.1027.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fractura interlaminar"

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Abdi, Frank, Harsh Baid, Jalees Ahmad, Steve Gonczy, Gregory N. Morscher, Sung Choi, and Cody Godines. "Ceramic Matrix Composite Interlaminar Fracture Toughness (Mode I-II) Characterization." In ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2015-44047.

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The objective of this effort is to develop and demonstrate innovative interlaminar Mode I and Mode II fracture toughness analysis and test methods for ceramic matrix composites (CMC). Currently, there are number of American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) test standards for CMC’s at both ambient and elevated temperatures, including interlaminar tension and shear strength test methods. However, there are no standardized test methods for determination of interlaminar fracture toughness in CMC’s. Although research work exists on interlaminar Mode I and Mode II fracture toughness of various types of CMC’s, the test methods applied particularly in Mode II fracture toughness testing showed definite drawbacks and limitations. ASTM test standards for CMC’s may exhibit a zig-zag (wavy) crack path pattern, and fiber bridging. The experimental parameters that may contribute to the difficulty can be summarized as: specimen width and thickness, interface coating thickness, mixed mode failure evolution, and interlaminar defects. Modes I and II crack growth resistances, GI and GII, were analytically determined at ambient temperature using double cantilever beam (DCB) and End Notched Flexure (ENF) geometries. Three (3) CMC material systems were analyzed (Sylramic/IBN/MI, SiC/SiC CVI, and SiC/CAS). Several Finite Element (FE) based potential techniques were investigated: a) Multi-scale progressive failure analysis (MS-PFA); b) Virtual Crack Closure Technique (VCCT); and c) Contour Integral (CI). Advantages and disadvantages of each were identified. The final modeling algorithm recommended was an integrated damage and fracture evolution methodology using MS-PFA and VCCT. The analysis results (Fracture energy vs. crack length, Fracture energy vs. load, Fracture energy vs. crack opening displacement) matched the Mode I and Mode II coupon tests and revealed the following key findings. Mode I-DCB specimen: 1) Sylramic/IBN/MI failure mode is due to interlaminar tension (ILT) only in the interface section and a zig-zag pattern observed 2) VCCT crack growth resistance of Sylramic/IBN/MI is well matched to the test data and 3) SiC/SiC CVI failure mode is a mixed mode behavior (ILT to interlaminar shear (ILS). Mode II ENF specimen MS-PFA analysis suggests mixed mode behavior and the zig-zag pattern similar to Mode I coupon tests.
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WENTE, TONY, XINYU MAO, DANIELLE ZENG, HOMA TORAB, JEFF DAHL, and XINRAN XIAO. "Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of a Quasi 3D Braided Composite." In American Society for Composites 2019. Lancaster, PA: DEStech Publications, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/asc34/31423.

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FISH, JOHN, and KOI MARCUCELLI. "INTERLAMINAR FRACTURE OF GRAPHITE/EPOXY LAMINATES UNDER TORSION LOAD." In 34th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1993-1458.

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Mansour, Rabih, Yogesh P. Singh, Manigandan Kannan, Gregory N. Morscher, Frank Abdi, Jalees Ahmad, Cody Godines, Saber DorMohammadi, and Sung Choi. "Study of Interlaminar Fracture Properties of Ceramic Matrix Composites at Room and Elevated Temperatures." In ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2017-65168.

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Interlaminar fracture properties play an important role in predicting failure of structural components for CMC materials. In engine applications, components are subject to large thermal gradients which induce interlaminar stresses. One of the main challenges in evaluating interlaminar fracture toughness at room and elevated temperatures is the development of an experimental setup that provides ease for testing and allows for in-situ monitoring of the interlaminar crack growth. Therefore, a wedge-loaded DCB testing method is developed. The method utilize electrical resistance to monitor crack growth and was applied to a woven polymer infiltrated pyrolysis (PIP) SiC/SiNC composite. Post-testing inspection was carried out using optical microscopy of polished cross-sections, showing crack morphology. It was found that crack growth rate at room temperature is double the one at 815 °C for initial tests in this composite system. Estimates of Mode I energy release rate suggests flat R-curve behavior at room temperature in comparison to rising R-curve behavior at 815 °C.
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Arai, Masahiro, Koh-Ichi Sugimoto, and Morinobu Endo. "Mode II Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of CNF-CFRP Hybrid Composite." In ASME 2006 Multifunctional Nanocomposites International Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mn2006-17033.

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Interlaminar fracture toughness for mode II deformation were investigated for carbon fiber (CF)/epoxy laminates toughened by carbon-nano-fiber/epoxy interlayer. Vapor grown carbon fiber (VGCF) and vapor grown carbon ‘nano’ fiber (VGNF) were chosen as the stiffeners for the interlayer. In order to illustrate the effect of the interlayer on the model II fracture toughness of the laminates, several types of CFRP/CNF hybrid laminates were fabricated, which are composed of unidirectional prepregs and carbon nano fiber varying the thickness of the interlayer. Mode II interlaminar fracture toughnesses of the hybrid composites were evaluated by end notched flexure (ENF) test using short-type beam specimens. The fracture toughnesses were calculated by traditional beam theory using the energy release rate of the crack. From the experimental results, it is confirmed that the mode II interlaminar fracture toughnesses for hybrid laminates are from 2.0 to 3.0 times higher than that of original CFRP laminates, and the optimal thickness (area density) of the CNF interlayer exists. The difference in the effect of the interlayer fracture properties under mode II deformation was discussed on the bases of fractographic observations derived from scanning electric microscope.
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6

FISH, JOHN, MARCIA VITLIP, STEPHEN CHEN, and KWANG SHIN. "Interlaminar fracture characteristics of bonding concepts for thermoplastic primary structures." In 32nd Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1991-1143.

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7

Kumar, Rajesh S., Matthew Mordasky, and Greg Ojard. "Delamination Fracture in Ceramic Matrix Composites: From Coupons to Components." In ASME Turbo Expo 2018: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2018-75571.

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Delamination fracture can occur in complex-shaped Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC) components due to a combination of high interlaminar stresses and low interlaminar strength and toughness. In this paper, delamination propagation in SiC-based CMC is studied using experiments and corresponding computational modeling. Room-temperature Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) testing was conducted to study mode I delamination propagation. Cohesive-zone finite element analyses were conducted to explain the experimental data and to extract delamination cohesive-zone parameters. The extracted parameters are then used to analyze a representative complex geometry and results compared against corresponding experimental data. It is shown that accurate modeling of the crack growth resistance behavior is essential for consistent modeling of delamination behavior ranging from simple coupons to complex sub-element/components.
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8

Abdi, Frank, Saber DorMohammadi, Jalees Ahmad, Cody Godines, Gregory N. Morscher, Sung Choi, Rabih Mansour, and Steve Gonczy. "Optimizing Ceramic Matrix Composite Interlaminar Fracture Toughness (Mode I) Wedge Test." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-58076.

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ASTM test standards for CMC’s Crack Growth Resistance (CGR) may exhibit a zig-zag (wavy) crack path pattern, and fiber bridging. The experimental parameters that may contribute to the difficulty can be summarized as: specimen width and thickness, interface coating thickness, mixed mode failure evolution, and interlaminar defects. Modes I crack growth resistances, GI were analytically determined at ambient temperature using wedge test, a modified double cantilever beam (DCB). Several Finite Element (FE) based Multi-scale modeling potential techniques were investigated: a) Multi-scale progressive failure analysis (MS-PFA); b) Virtual Crack Closure Technique (VCCT). Advantages and disadvantages of each were identified. The final modeling algorithm recommended was an integrated damage and fracture evolution methodology using combined MS-PFA and VCCT. The material tested in this study was a slurry-cast melt-infiltrated SiC/SiC composite with Tyranno ZMI fibers (Ube Industries, Kyoto, Japan) and a BN interphase. The fiber architecture consisted of eight plies of balanced 2-D woven five-harness satin. The total fiber volume fraction was about 30% with half of the fibers in the 0° direction and half in the 90° direction. All specimens had a nominal thickness of 4 mm. An alumina wedge with 18° head angle (2α) was used. In this method, a splitting force is created by inserting a vertically-moving wedge in a notch causing the arms to separate and forcing an interlaminar crack at the sharpest end of the notch The MS-PFA numerical model predicted the damage and fracture evolution and utilized the GENOA UMAT (User Material Subroutine) for Damage and FEM (Finite Element Model) stress intensity and LEFM (Linear elastic Fracture Model), Cohesive Model for Fracture. The analysis results (Fracture energy vs. crack length, Fracture energy vs. load, Fracture energy vs. crack opening displacement) matched the Mode I coupon tests and revealed the following key findings. Mode I-Wedge specimen exhibits: 1) failure mode is due to interlaminar tension (ILT) only in the interface section and a zig-zag pattern observed; 2) VCCT crack growth resistance is well matched to the test data; and 3) failure mode is a mixed mode behavior of Interlaminar tension (ILT) to interlaminar shear (ILS). The final Wedge test specimen configuration optimization includes the sensitivity of design parameters to CGR: a) wedge contact coefficient of friction; b) lever arms thickness, and c) inclined head angle, distance between the initial crack and wedge tip.
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9

Ranatunga, Vipul, and Stephen B. Clay. "Interlaminar Fracture Toughness Characterization of Z-Pinned and Flocked Composite Laminates." In 55th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2014-1379.

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10

Radlmaier, V., G. Obermeier, S. Ehard, A. Kollmannsberger, H. Koerber, and E. Ladstaetter. "Interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic in-situ joints." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE REGIONAL CONFERENCE GRAZ 2015 – POLYMER PROCESSING SOCIETY PPS: Conference Papers. Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4965562.

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