Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fracturas en animales'
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Cavero, Alprecht Francisco Javier Martín. "Utilización del acrílico dental (Metil Metacrilato) como barra estabilizadora-conectora para reducciones cerradas por la técnica de fijación externa esquelética, en fracturas de tibia/peroné y/o radio/cúbito en caninos." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2004. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/2269.
Full text-- The Methyl metracrilate (mmc), ft is an acrylic resin used in molds for the manufacture of dental prosthesis and have the function of connective stabilized bar in the reduction of the fractures. The mmc works like a material for the connective stabilized bar on the external skeletal fixation. lt have the characteristic to adapt the connective bar to any form, allowing the coalition between pins in multiples points. The methy1 metracrilate works like a material for the connective stabilized bar on the external skeletal fixation. The objective of the present investigation work were: i) To prove that the dental acrylic works like a external skeletal fixation. ii) To demonstrate that it's possible to fix the fractures with a less traumatic method, keeping away from the fractured focus avoiding this way, much of the complications that: we have seen from many years ago(osteomyelitis, atrophic and hypertrophy pseudoarthrosis, fracture disease, etc.) it was realized the closed fracture reduction in 10 dogs between the 5 months and 7 years that had fracture the tibia , the fibula , the ulna and the radius bone The cases were evaluated and then they were radiographies every 16 days until the extraction of the external fixation, this was done after 6` week post surgery, observing with radiological equipment until the recovery of the fracture line. From this radiological evidence and the clinics observed an excellent osteosynthesis that allowed a bone recuperation, allowing a great bone lining up, once it was extracted the connective stabilized bar and the pins.
Tesis
Robb, Julie Lynn. "In vitro evaluation of veterinary and human suture anchors in metaphyseal bone of the canine tibia." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5908.
Full text"August 2006" The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
Kitshoff, Adriaan Mynhardt. "Comparative biomechanics of two non-invasive mandibular fracture repair techniques in dogs." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30897.
Full textDemko, Jennifer Lynn. "Axial pull-out strength of 3.5 cortical and 4.0 cancellous bone screws placed in canine proximal tibias using manual and power tapping." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2008. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-03312008-205137.
Full textClasper, Jonathan Charles. "Secondary intramedullary nailing of the tibia in an animal model of an external fixator pin track infection." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268414.
Full textLeiria, Vera Lúcia de Jesus. "Medicina física de reabilitação em animais de companhia e sua aplicação a três casos clínicos." Bachelor's thesis, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/934.
Full textEsta dissertação foi realizada após estágio curricular no Centro Veterinário de Albufeira. Em termos gerais verificou-se uma maior frequência de cães relativamente à espécie felina, a Ortopedia foi a área clínica mais procurada com 16,2% do total de consultas assistidas e na Patologia Cirúrgica observou-se uma maior frequência de pacientes na área da Cirurgia de Tecidos Moles, tanto nos cães como nos gatos. As sessões de Fisioterapia, com uma frequência de 12,7%, foram registadas maioritariamente na espécie canina com apenas um caso na espécie equina. Esta elevada frequência evidencia a importância dada, nesta clínica, a esta área da Medicina Veterinária e contribuiu para a escolha deste tema para a escrita da tese. Assim, é descrito como deve ser realizado um correcto exame clínico ao paciente para fisioterapia evidenciando-se a importância do mesmo e são explicados, de um modo sucinto, os métodos terapêuticos disponíveis e os parâmetros de avaliação de sucesso ou insucesso, registando a evolução do paciente ao longo do tratamento. São avaliadas características mais subjectivas como a opinião e análise do dono por meio de questionários, através da observação da capacidade de retorno à actividade, caracterização de níveis de claudicação e grau de dor. Métodos mais concretos e objectivos estão também disponíveis tais como a medição do perímetro muscular e a goniometria. É ainda descrita a importância da Fisioterapia em diferentes áreas, sendo relatados três casos clínicos em cada uma delas. Como paciente pós-cirúrgico é descrito o caso do Anatole, sujeito a uma resolução de fractura do maléolo medial da tíbia há cerca de um mês e meio, apresentando ainda elevado grau de claudicação. Terminou as sessões apoiando o membro, sem sinais de dor e já com diminuição do grau de atrofia muscular registada inicialmente, contudo, mais sessões seriam necessárias para a sua total reabilitação, o que não foi realizado por decisão do proprietário. Como paciente neurológico é descrito o caso do Yuri, diagnosticado com discoespondilite, com sérios défices motores e neurológicos, estando no presente praticamente recuperado, sendo já capaz de andar, correr e realizar todas as suas tarefas diárias com qualidade e facilidade. É ainda descrito o caso de um cavalo de desporto, o Xadrez, diagnosticado com uma tendinite no tendão flexor superficial, que obteve uma recuperação mais rápida que o esperado na maioria dos casos sem recurso à fisioterapia, retornando à sua normal capacidade física e desportiva. Estes casos demonstram assim a importância desta terapia, ilustrando as suas abrangentes indicações, vantagens e taxa de sucesso e permitindo-me alcançar um dos objectivos da realização da tese, informar e incentivar cada vez mais os Veterinários do nosso país ao recurso e investigação da Fisioterapia.
ABSTRACT This thesis was carried through after a period of training, at the Veterinarian Clinic Centre in Albufeira. In general, a higher frequency of dogs was seen relatively to cats, orthopaedic clinical area was the most requested area with 16,2% of the total assisted consultations and in the surgical pathology, soft tissues surgery was the most observed in dogs as well as in cats. Physiotherapy sessions with a frequency of 12,7% were principally registered in canine specimen with only one case assisted in the equine specimen. This high frequency evidences the importance given to this Medical Veterinarian area at the clinic where the period of training was carried through and contributed for the selection of the theme to this thesis. Initially it is described how a correct clinical exam for the physiotherapy patient should be carried through, evidencing its importance and explaining in a brief way the available therapeutic options as well as the parameters of success and failure, recording the patient evolution along the treatment. For such, the opinion of the owner by filling in a questioner is evaluated, the return to activity capacity is observed and the levels of lameness as well as pain degrees are characterized. Also available are more concrete and objective methods as the measurement of the muscular girth and goniometry. It is also described the importance of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation in different areas being known in three different cases in each one of them. As a postoperative patient is described Anatole´s case, a dog submitted to a resolution of tibial medial maleolus fracture, with a severe lameness degree. He finished the sessions supporting the affected leg, without pain and less muscle atrophy, although more sessions, not done by the owner’s will, were needed for his total rehabilitation. Other case is Yuri, a neurologic patient diagnosed with diskospondylitis, with sever motor and neurological deficits. Now he is almost completely normal, being able to walk, run and do every normal activity easily. A case of a sportive horse is also described, Xadrez was diagnosed with tendinitis in the superficial flexor tendon. He returned to normal activity and sportive capacity earlier that most of the cases without recourse to physiotherapy sessions. These cases demonstrate the importance of this therapy, its indications, advantages and success rate allowing me to achieve one of the goals of the thesis, to inform and to stimulate even more Veterinarian Doctors of our country to use and make some physiotherapy investigation.
Hukkanen, Mika Veli Juhani. "Neuropeptides in the central and peripheral nervous system : their role in the pathophysiology of painful osteoarticular inflammatory disease and trauma in man and animals." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320158.
Full textSilva, Danielle Cristinne Baccarelli da. "Avaliações termográfica e ultrassonográfica Power Doppler de falhas ósseas induzidas em tíbias de ovinos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10137/tde-11012017-141215/.
Full textTrauma and large fractures frequently need repair in human and veterinary medicine, and bone implants are imperative for esthetics and functional limb correction. Biological material, known as biomaterials has been used in the manufacture of prostheses and orthoses. Non-invasive methods with lower burden for the orthopedic postoperative period are in great advance, and Power Doppler for neovascularization evaluation aid in regeneration forecast, such as thermal variations visualized with thermography supports non-union or inflammation exacerbation. Bone defects was performed in both ovine tibia and it was filled with chitosan, collagen and hydroxyapatite biomaterial. One limb was filled with the biomaterial and the other one was left as control following randomized study. Thermographic and Power Doppler ultrasonography assessment was performed in all animals, weekly, for 56 postoperative days. There was no difference in minimum, maximum and average temperature between the biomaterial and control groups in the thermographic evaluation. Statistical variations were visualized according to the time in both groups. Neovascularization evaluated by Power Doppler showed no statistic variation between groups, except at 21 postoperative days (p = 0,031). Two Power Doppler PRF configuration was performed PRF 1 (1,4 kHz) e PRF 2 (6, 7 kHz). Significant difference among biomaterial and control groups was noted with PRF 1 at the 21 (p = 0,016) and 28 (p = 0,031) postoperative days, in which the control group demonstrated higher number of vessels, in both moments. No statistical differences were founded in the same evaluation with PRF 2. In crossing information (neovascularization presence and temperature) at the 21 day, the biomaterial group presented higher minimum (p = 0,049), maximum (p = 0,056) and average (p =0,052) in the without vessels limbs. This was not visualized in the control group. Within the imaging evaluation possibilities, thermography and Power Doppler ultrasonography presented noninvasive potential for the postoperative period inflammatory and neovascularization evaluation and there was no evidence of biomaterial related complications
Parmenter, Philippa Claire Rousell. "A reassessment of the role of animals at the Etton Causewayed Enclosure." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/18013.
Full textFlôres, Lenise Nascimento. "Osteossíntese minimamente invasiva com placa (MIPO) sem radiografias transoperatórias no tratamento de fraturas em ossos longos de cães e gatos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/83492.
Full textLong bone fractures are a commom event in the small animal practice. As veterinary orthopedics evolves it is necessary to refine existing osteossynthesis methods and develop less invasive methods with lower complication rate. The minimal invasive plate osteossynthesis (MIPO) is a current method develop according to this concept. This technique allows fracture stabilization through small skin incisions and a communicating epiperiosteal tunnel. In addition it does not touch fracture hematoma. The study purpose was to evaluate the MIPO technique to treat small animals long bone fractures without intraoperative radiographs. A convenience sample of clinical patients from the Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias of UFRGS was used. 15 animals and 26 fractures meet the criteria for the study, four cats and 11 dogs. The animals average weight and standard deviation was 13 kg ± 9,76 (minimum 3kg, maximum 36,7kg) and average age and standard deviation was 35 ± 26,53 months (minimum 6 months, maximum 7 years). After general inhalatory anesthesia, the fracture limb was prepared aseptically. The plate was placed through two small skin incisions one in the proximal aspect of the fractured bone and another distal. After manipulation and closed reduction of the fracture, the plate was inserted through the distal skin incision into the epiperiosteal tunnel previously done. Each bone fragment was attached to the plate with two or three cortical screws. The patients received clinical and radiograph rechecks every 30 days up to 90 days of post-operatory.16 fractures were fixed: eight tibial fractures, five femoral fractures and three radial fractures. 10 were comminuted fractures, five transverse and one oblique. Surgical time was from 31 to 120 minutes, mean 62,75 ± 22,44 minutes. All patients achieved bone healing. Bone healing happened between 30 and 120 days, on average 73 days. The most common complication was limb mal alignment and proximal bone resorption near the implants. MIPO technique was efficient to treat long bone small animal fracture in radius, tibia and femur, allowing earlier functional use of the limb.
Melo, Rita Medeiros. "Estudo retrospetivo dos traumatismos ortopédicos em animais de companhia num hospital de referência em Lisboa." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21185.
Full textO trauma continua a ser um dos principais motivos de consulta na clínica de animais de companhia, e desses traumas decorrem frequentemente lesões ortopédicas. A realização de estudos nesta área reveste-se de importância, expandindo o conhecimento das lesões ortopédicas regularmente associadas a cada categoria de trauma tornando a intervenção do clínico, perante estes animais, mais eficiente. Este estudo teve como principais objetivos a descrição da população vítima de trauma, a determinação do trauma mais frequente, para cada espécie, e a análise dos traumatismos ortopédicos mais comuns para cada categoria de trauma. Para esse efeito, foi realizado um estudo retrospetivo, no qual foi construída uma base de dados através do acesso aos historiais clínicos dos animais envolvidos em eventos traumáticos, apresentados no Hospital Veterinário do Restelo, entre 2016 e 2020. Na população, os cães constituíram 61,2% e os gatos 38,8%. Os machos foram mais comuns que as fêmeas, representando 54,2%. A mediana de idades para os animais traumatizados foi 3 anos. A taxa de mortalidade foi de 18,2%. O trauma contuso (82,4%) foi mais comum do que o penetrante. O atropelamento acometeu 60,7% dos cães, e a queda 77,8% dos gatos. Dos animais traumatizados, 51,1% evidenciaram fraturas. A presença de fraturas mostrou ser dependente da categoria de trauma. O esqueleto apendicular foi mais afetado do que o axial, sendo que a presença de fraturas no último mostrou estar relacionada com um maior risco de mortalidade. O osso mais fraturado na sequência de um trauma foi a bacia, e a articulação mais luxada foi a coxofemoral. Após um atropelamento, o osso mais fraturado foi a bacia, numa queda foi o rádio/ulna e na interação entre animais foram as costelas. Este estudo contribuiu assim para a perceção das principais lesões ortopédicas decorrentes de trauma em animais de companhia.
ABSTRACT - Retrospective study of orthopedic trauma in small animals in a reference hospital in Lisbon - Trauma is still one of the main reasons for consultation at the small animal’s clinic, and orthopedic lesions often result from these traumas. Studies in this area are important, expanding the knowledge of orthopedic lesions regularly associated with each category of trauma, improving the clinician's intervention to these animals. The main objectives of this study were to describe the trauma victim population, to determine the most frequent trauma for each species, to analyze the most common fractures and traumatic dislocations for each of these species and finally to analyze the most common orthopedic injuries for each trauma category. For this purpose, a retrospective study was performed, in which a database was built by accessing the clinical histories of the animals involved in traumatic events, presented at Hospital Veterinário do Restelo, between 2016 and 2020. In the population, dogs constituted 61,2% and cats 38,8%. Males were more common than females, representing 54,2%. The median age for traumatized animals was 3 years. The mortality rate was 18,2%. Blunt trauma (82.4%) was more common than penetrating trauma. The run over affected 60.7% of the dogs, and the fall 77.8% of the cats. Of the traumatized animals, 51.1% showed fractures. The presence of fractures showed to be dependent on the category of trauma. The appendicular skeleton was more affected than the axial one, and the presence of fractures in the latter showed to be related to a higher mortality risk. The most fractured bone following trauma was the pelvis, and the most dislocated joint was the coxofemoral. After a road traffic accident, the most fractured bone was the pelvis, in a fall it was the radius/ulna and in the interaction between animals it was the ribs. This study contributed to the perception of the main orthopedic lesions resulting from trauma in pets.
N/A
Everett, Kay Dee Furman. "Mechanisms and Implications of Fracture in Cardiovascular Stents." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11458.
Full textEngineering and Applied Sciences
Diestelmeier, Bryce. "Design and application of an instrumented pendulum device for measuring energy absorption during fracture insult in large animal joints in vivo." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3285.
Full textPatrick, Fiona E. "A review of fracture fixation as it affects the small animal pelvis : an anatomic, ultrasonographic, cross-sectional and retrospective radiographic study." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272935.
Full text朱月華 and Yuet-wah Chu. "The use of a Chinese medicinal formula (Chuan-Duan-Bu-Gu-San) on experimental fracture healing in a mouse model." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31227302.
Full textCoetzé, Lisa Jane. "Investigation of blunt injuries and the force associated with a skull fracture due to impact with a Hopkinson pressure bar : an animal model." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15575.
Full textSchütz, Michael Andreas. "Neue Stabilisierungskonzepte mit Fixateur intern Systemen bei der Versorgung von Frakturen langer Röhrenknochen." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/13787.
Full textIn the presented study fracture healing of the sheep tibia treated with an internal fixator were compared to conventional plate osteosynthesis and intramedullary nailing. For that reason a new fracture model with a reproducible closed soft tissue damage were developed and validated in a pilot study on the sheep tibia. In both main experiments a direct comparision of the internal fixator were preformed to one of the other stabilization options. Fracture healing were ranked by radiological, histological and biomechanical data, as well as in vivo measurements of both hind legs of the sheep. In comparison to conventional plating a more rapid healing of the fracture were observed after internal fixator stabilization. Those differences were significant for the biomechanical as well as the histological data after 12 weeks. However, in comparision to intramedullary unreamed nailing no significant differences were detected in respect to biomechanical stiffness and strength. In the histological measurements a similar amount of the overall callus with a similar grade of bone mineralisation were present after 6 as well as after 12 weeks. Only the relation between endostal and periostal callus differed between the internal fixator and the nailing group. Those experimental results were correlated with the first clinical results of two multicenter studies using the new internal fixator systems. Based on the experimental and the clinical results, the internal fixator is superior compared to conventional plate osteosynthesis in respect to the biology and biomechanics, and seems to be a safe alternative - especial in the metaphysis area - to intramedullary nailing.
Sena, Manuela Paula Teixeira de. "Fratura tibial e fibular de cão tratada com grampo de aço associado à cerclagem completa comparado à fixação com placa de neutralização." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2006. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5114.
Full textThe aim of this research was to evaluate a new stabilization technique for tibial diaphysial fractures with steel staples associated with total cerclage and to compare the efficiency of the referring technique to the use of neutralization bone plate. Sixteen adult dogs with body weight ranging from 11kg to 21kg were used. They were divided into four groups, according to the treatment for an experimentally induced transverse fracture in their right tibial diaphysis. Animals from Group 1 had their fractures stabilized with two steel staples made from Steinmann pins and inserted mediolaterally into the tibial diaphysial cortical. Group 2 had the fractures stabilized with one staple inserted mediolaterally and one inserted craniocaudally and Group 3 had the fractures stabilized with two staples inserted mediolaterally and one inserted craniocaudally. Group 4 was treated with bone plate. The four groups were clinically and radiographically evaluated and compared in the following patterns: painful response, swelling rate, limb functionality, radiopacity at the fracture site, bone callus formation, periosteal reaction, and radiolucency around the implant. No significant differences were observed among the treatments. However, it was noticed that the staples did not promote stabilization as the bone plate and could lead to slow bone union or non-union.
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar nova técnica de imobilização de fraturas diafisárias tibiais, utilizando grampo de aço associado à cerclagem completa, e comparar sua eficiência em relação ao uso de placas ósseas de neutralização. Para isso foram utilizados 16 cães adultos, entre 11 kg e 21 kg, divididos em quatro grupos, de acordo com o tratamento utilizado para fratura transversa induzida experimentalmente na diáfise tibial direita de cada um. Os animais do Tratamento 1 tiveram suas fraturas fixadas com dois grampos de aço, confeccionados a partir de pinos de Steinmann, inseridos mediolateralmente na cortical diafisária da tíbia. No Tratamento 2, um grampo foi inserido no sentido mediolateral e outro craniocaudal. No Tratamento 3, dois grampos foram inseridos no sentido mediolateral e um craniocaudal. No Tratamento 4, foi utilizada placa óssea. Os animais foram avaliados clinicamente quanto à sensibilidade dolorosa, alteração de volume e funcionalidade do membro; e radiograficamente, quanto à radiopacidade na linha de fratura, formação de calo ósseo, reação periosteal e radioluscência em torno do implante. Não houve diferença entre os tratamentos, mas foi observado que os grampos não conferem a estabilidade conferida pela placa, podendo levar a união óssea retardada ou não-união.
Paez, Omar Leonardo Aristizabal. "Coral Porites astreoides associado ou não à medula óssea autógena no preenchimento de falhas produzidas na tíbia de cães." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2006. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5117.
Full textThe necessity to treat different etiologies, magnitudes and localization of bone defects has stimulated the search and development of materials capable to substitute the bone. Autogenous bone graft, although considered ideal because his behavior, in the majority of the situations, presents intrinsic morbidity of attainment, and limitation as for the amount and morphology. The bone s bank allows to provide great part of the current necessities, but it possess related problems with cost, infrastructure necessity and, in human medicine, legal issues. The ideal bone substitute must be osteogenic, biocompatible, capable to provide scaffolds, to propagate other substances, to be easily usable in the clinic and have adjusted ratio cost-benefit. On the other side, in determined applications, it is desirable that some of these characteristics predominate on others, depending on the necessity of the case to treat. This paper has for objective to evaluate the Porites astreoides coral as alternative of bone substitute in the fulfillment of small defects, associate or not to the autogenous bone marrow, and to compare its morphology and composition with normal bone tissue. With this intention there was accomplish a comparative study of the structural and morphologic properties of Porites astreoides coral samples, synthetic hydroxyapatite and bone of young and adult dogs, by x-rays diffraction; and an experimental study, comparing the samples previously, in the repair bone defects in dogs tibia , by radiographic and histology evaluations.
A necessidade de tratar defeitos ósseos de diferentes etiologias, magnitudes e localizações têm estimulado a busca e desenvolvimento de materiais capazes de substituir o osso. O autoenxerto, mesmo sendo considerado o enxerto ideal por seu comportamento, na maioria das situações, apresenta morbidade intrínseca a sua obtenção, e limitação quanto à quantidade e morfologia. Os bancos de ossos permitem resolver grande parte das necessidades atuais, mas possui problemas relacionados a custo, necessidade de infra-estrutura e, em medicina humana, de ordem médico-legal. O substituto ósseo ideal deve ser osteogênico, biocompatível, capaz de proporcionar suporte estrutural e de veicular outras substâncias, facilmente utilizável na clínica e com adequada proporção custo-benefício. Por outro lado, em determinadas aplicações, é desejável que algumas dessas características predominem sobre outras, dependendo da necessidade do caso a tratar. Esta dissertação tem por objetivo avaliar o coral Porites astreoides como alternativa de substituto ósseo no preenchimento de pequenos defeitos, associado ou não à medula óssea autógena, e comparar a sua morfologia e composição com a do tecido ósseo normal. Para tal propósito foi realizado um estudo comparativo das propriedades estruturais e morfológicas de amostras do coral Porites astreoides, hidroxiapatita sintética e de ossos de cães jovens e adultos, por meio da difração de raios-x; e um estudo experimental, comparando as amostras citadas anteriormente, na reparação de falhas ósseas realizadas na tíbia de cães, por meio de avaliações radiográficas e histológicas.
Gonzalez, Paula Cristina Sieczkowski. "Fixador esquelético externo circular para o tratamento de fraturas rádio e tíbia em cães." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/85403.
Full textThe circular external skeletal fixator was developed during the Cold War in Russia, by Professor Gavril Abramovich Ilizarov. This kind of fixation took place as an alternative to internal fixation, due to its versatility and its biomechanical characteristics that improves the formation of callus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the circular external skeletal fixator as a method of fixation for fractures of the radius and tibia of dogs treated at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of UFRGS, corroborating the results, the type and frequency of complications associated with this technique. Sixteen animals met the criteria to participate on the study, seven females and nine males. The average age of the animals was 50.87 ± 57.01 months. The average weight of the animals was 8.6 ± 6.95 kg. Three (18%) animals showed fracture of tibia and fibula and thirteen (82%) fractures of the radius and ulna. The circular external skeletal fixation frame used consisted of a proximal ring ⅝ and two full distal rings, with two wires in each ring. The wires were placed divergently as close as possible to 90 °. The frame weighed on average 128 ± 49g, representing average 4.09 ± 3.22% of the weight of the animal. The mean time of the surgery was 115 ± 32 minutes. The average time spent with the circular was 81.69 ± 23.14 days. Among the complications found are drainage tracts around the pins (37.5%), myiasis (6.25%), shortening of the forearm flexors (6.25%), hemorrhage associated with the location of pins passages (6, 25%) and breakage of the device wire with displacement of the frame leading to its removal (6.25%). There was no statistical difference between the times required for the surgical fixation of the radius and tibia. There was no correlation between the variables: time elapsed from trauma to surgery and duration of surgery, time elapsed from trauma to surgery and time spent with the circular external skeletal fixation; animal weight and duration of surgery; the proportion of the circular weight in relation to the weight of the animal and the time remained with the circular. There was statistically significant positive correlation between the variables: duration of the surgery and the permanency with the circular external skeletal fixation. This treatment modality represents an attractive surgical option for fractures correction of the radius and tibia in dogs, however, due to possible complications and need for intensive post operative care accurate selection of patients and owners should be performed prior to surgery.
Fernandes, André Manuel Machado. "Utilização de fixadores externos na estabilização de fracturas em animais de companhia." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10348/3001.
Full textA fixação esquelética externa, é um método de reparação de fracturas versátil, que pode conferir tanto suporte primário como auxiliar. Este sistema de fixação consiste em múltiplos pinos percutâneos transcorticais colocados proximal e distalmente à fractura, que são incorporados numa estrutura externa. É um sistema que pode ser usado após redução fechada ou aberta da fractura. Neste estudo avaliaram-se 60 animais, nos quais foram utilizados fixadores externos esqueléticos. Foram avaliadas 64 fracturas relativamente à técnica e material utilizado, bem como ao tempo de cicatrização. Após análise estatística dos resultados, verificou-se não haver uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre a técnica de redução usada, material utilizado e grau da fractura, com o tempo de remoção dos fixadores. No entanto, conclui-se que a redução fechada e fracturas sem fragmentos apresentam um menor tempo de cicatrização, e a ocorrência de complicações na utilização desta técnica é relativamente baixa.
External skeletal fixation is a versatile method for fracture repair, which provides both primary and additional support. This system consists of multiple percutaneous transcortical pins placed proximal and distal to the fracture line, which are incorporated in an external frame. External skeletal fixation can be applied following closed or open fracture reduction. In this study, external skeletal fixation was used in 60 animals. Sixty four fractures were evaluated regarding the technique and the material used, as well as healing time. After statistical analysis, there was no statistically significant association between the time of removal of the external skeletal fixators and reduction technique, external frame material or number of bone fragments. However, it was concluded that closed reduction and two-piece fractures had a lower healing time, and complications associated to the use of this technique were relatively low.
"Effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound on mesenchymal stem cell recruitment in fracture healing in young and osteoporotic rat models." 2013. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5884393.
Full textThesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 182-211).
Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Abstract also in Chinese.
Sousa, Cristina Maria Peixoto de. "Contribution to the study of bone turnover markers for assessment of the pathophysiology of normal and disturbed fracture healing process." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10348/5717.
Full textOs biomarcadores de remodelagem óssea (BTM) são produtos da actividade celular e são geralmente subdivididos em três categorias: biomarcadores de reabsorção óssea, formação óssea e proteínas reguladoras da actividade dos osteoclastos. Em vários estudos foi demonstrado que s BTM são capazes de reflectir o processo de cicatrização óssea, com os seus níveis dependentes da localização, tamanho e tipo da fractura. Além disso, a variação dos seus níveis tem, também, sido avaliada por alguns autores quanto à sua capacidade de prever precocemente o processo de cicatrização prejudicada. O principal objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em investigar a eficácia clínica de BTM para acompanhar a evolução do processo de cicatrização de fraturas ósseas após eventos traumáticos e identificar precocemente doentes em risco de processos de cicatrização prejudicado. Com isto em mente, o objectivo principal deste trabalho foi investigar a eficácia clínica dos BTM para monitorizar o processo de cicatrização das fracturas de etiologia traumática e identificar os doentes em risco de desenvolvimento de processos de cicatrização comprometida. Este trabalho teve, também, como objetivo adicional avaliar se um painel económico de marcadores bioquímicos de remodelação óssea se poderia apresentar como um método simples, acessível e preciso no seguimento do processo de consolidação das fracturas ósseas de etiologia traumática. A fim de alcançar o objectivo proposto, numa primeira fase, um modelo animal de nãounião foi criado através da realização de um de defeito crítico na diáfise da tíbia da ovelha e foi comparada a evolução serológica dos BTM neste grupo com outro grupo de animais com um processo de consolidação de fraturas em que se previa uma normal evolução no sentido de uma completa cicatrização ao longo de doze semanas. As ovelhas têm sido amplamente utilizadas em estudos científicos na Ciência Animal e Veterinária e também como um animal de grande porte para a investigação em Ortopedia, envolvendo a determinação de marcadores bioquímicos de remodelação óssea. Um dos marcadores de formação óssea mais amplamente utilizado e mais sensível é a isoforma óssea da fosfatase alcalina (BALP). Tendo isto em mente, este trabalho pretendeu, adicionalmente, avaliar se a actividade da BALP poderia reflectir o aumento da atividade osteoblástica de formação óssea durante o normal crescimento e durante os diferentes estádios fisiológicos da ovelha, a fim de melhorar o conhecimento sobre a variação deste marcador bioquímico ao longo da vida da ovelha como modelo animal. Em resumo, este trabalho demonstrou que a alta variabilidade subjacente aos marcadores bioquímicos de remodelação óssea limita a sua aplicação por rotina na prática clínica. No entanto, estes marcadores podem ser usados como ferramentas sensíveis em estudos experimentais, uma vez que proporcionam informação não invasiva sobre o processo de remodelação óssea, numa abordagem em tempo real. Adicionalmente, uma vez que a remodelação óssea é um processo dinâmico, as mudanças nos níveis séricos destes marcadores ocorrem mais cedo do que aquelas observadas pelas diferentes técnicas de imagem utilizadas para avaliar este processo, tais como os raios X simples ou as técnicas de densitometria óssea.
Bone turnover markers (BTM) are products of bone cells activity and are generally subdivided into three categories: bone resorption and bone formation markers and osteoclasts regulatory proteins. In several studies were demonstrated that serum or urinary BTM are capable to reflect the healing process with their levels being dependent on the localization, type and size of the fracture. Additionally, the variation in the levels of BTM has, also, been assessed by some authors for their ability to early predict impaired fracture healing processes, but the conclusions are not consensual. The main goal of this work was to investigate the clinical effectiveness of BTM to monitor the evolution of fracture healing process after traumatic events and to precociously identify patients at risk of development impaired healing processes. With this in mind, the present work aimed to achieve the value of BTM to assess the fracture healing process. In order to achieve the proposed objective, in a first stage, a non-union animal model was created through the realization of a critical size-defect in the diaphysis of sheep tibia and compared the serological evolution of BTM in this group with another group of animals with a normall fracture healing process during twelve week period. Sheep have been used in several animal science studies and also as a large animal for orthopedic research also involving measurements of BTM. One of the most widely used biomarker of bone formation is a membrane-bound enzyme - BALP. Additionally, BALP is, also, one of the most sensitive markers of bone formation. With this in mind, this work aimed to assess if BALP activity could mirror the increase in osteoblastic activity during normal growth and during different physiologic status over sheep lifespan, in order to improve the knowledge about the variation of these biomarkers. In summary, this work demonstrated that the high variability of BTM limits its routine application into the clinical practice. However, these bone markers can be used as valuable tools in experimental studies, since they provide non-invasive information about bone remodeling process in a real-time approach. Additionally, since bone turnover is a dynamic process, the changes in BTM levels occur earlier than those observed by the different techniques used to assess this process, namely plain X-rays and bone densitometry techniques.
The research described in this Thesis was financially supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)