Academic literature on the topic 'Fracture toughness parameter (K1c)'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Fracture toughness parameter (K1c).'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Fracture toughness parameter (K1c)"

1

Fahmy, Y., J. C. Russ, and C. C. Koch. "Application of fractal geometry measurements to the evaluation of fracture toughness of brittle intermetallics." Journal of Materials Research 6, no. 9 (1991): 1856–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1991.1856.

Full text
Abstract:
Determination of the boundary fractal dimension of planar sections through particles produced by fracturing a series of brittle intermetallic V3Au materials with increasing oxygen content provides a single parameter that describes the surface roughness. This is observed to correlate with the measured fracture toughness, K1c, as determined with an indentation cracking test. The correlation agrees quantitatively with results obtained on several brittle ceramics by other workers.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Hasan, Muhammad Hasibul, Sazib Mollik, and Muataz Hazza Faizi. "Prediction of Crack Growth Propagation of a Super Alloy through ANN Modeling." Advanced Materials Research 1115 (July 2015): 217–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1115.217.

Full text
Abstract:
Linear-elastic fracture mechanics based technique was used to measure the fracture toughness in terms of K1C of a solid solution super alloy. Due to thermal fatigue and high temperature exposure for various application of Alloy 617, it was demanded to measure crack growth behaviour of this alloy. Pre-cracked compact tension (CT) specimens ware used to determine the crack growth rate (CGR) of alloy 617 by direct current potential drop (DCPD) in-situ crack monitoring technique. Artificial Neural network (ANN) statistical model computed different fracture parameters from experimental inputs by fe
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Hu, Hui, Yu Peng Cao, and Pei Ning Li. "Study on Fracture Toughness Prediction of Non Power Law Hardening Material by Using Local Approach." Advanced Materials Research 197-198 (February 2011): 1640–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.197-198.1640.

Full text
Abstract:
A new method of fracture toughness K1C prediction of non power law hardening material by using cleavage fracture local approach is proposed in this paper. The fracture toughness of A508-Ⅲ 16MnR at different cleavage fracture probability are predicted by using the method. To most of pressure vessel carbon-manganese steels, cleavage fracture is likely to occur at the load corresponding to 62% cleavage fracture probability. Hence, the fracture toughness corresponding to the load is the most possible fracture toughness of the steels. The values of fracture toughness corresponding to 62% cleavage f
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Lokatkina, Anastasiia, Tetiana Prikhna, Viktor Moshchil, et al. "Influence of heating to high temperatures on mechanical properties of boride-based refractory materials." Technology audit and production reserves 2, no. 1(58) (2021): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2021.228943.

Full text
Abstract:
The object of research is HfB2, ZrB2 and ceramics composition HfB2-30 % SiC and ZrB2-20 % SiC, ZrB2-20 % SiC-4 % Si3N4 obtained under high pressure, their mechanical characteristics before and after heating to high temperatures and temperatures of beginning of melting. The research was conducted in order to create new effective refractory materials for use in the aerospace industry. Therefore, the melting temperatures of sintered materials and the effect of heating on their mechanical properties were also studied. Additives (ZrB2-20 % SiC and HfB2-30 % SiC) although led to a decrease in specif
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Franşois, D., and A. Krasowsky. "Relation between various fracture transition temperatures and the k1c fracture toughness transition curve." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 23, no. 2 (1986): 455–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-7944(86)90087-1.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Zhao, Yong Qing, Heng Lei Qu, and Jun Chen. "Research on Titanium Alloys with High Toughness and High Damage Tolerance." Materials Science Forum 618-619 (April 2009): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.618-619.97.

Full text
Abstract:
The recent shift in the design focus for aeroplanes from strength to damage tolerance has led to a subsequent shift in the focus of Ti alloy research. China first started to research Ti alloys with damage tolerance from the year 2000. The first product stemming from this research is a Ti alloy with high strength, high toughness and damage tolerance (TC21). TC21 exhibits high strength (UTS  1100MPa), high fracture toughness (K1c  70MPa.m1/2) and a low crack propagation rate (da/dN being similar to Ti-6-4 with  annealing). Another Ti alloy, named TC4-DT, has also been produced. It has moderat
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Ghazy, Mariam Farouk, Metwally Abd Allah Abd Elaty, and Omar Daboun. "Fracture properties of self-compacting fiber-reinforced concrete." Challenge Journal of Concrete Research Letters 11, no. 4 (2020): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.20528/cjcrl.2020.04.004.

Full text
Abstract:
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is an innovative concrete that does not necessitate vibration for placing and compaction. Nineteen concrete mixes were investigated including a control mix without fibers as well as eighteen SCC with fibers (SCFRC) mixes. Three types of fibers (polypropylene, glass and steel) were used. Slump flow, L-box, V-funnel as well as column segregation tests were conducted to assess the fresh properties. Whereas, compressive, splitting tensile and flexural strengths were measured to assess the hardened properties of SCFRC. Three point bending tests were performed for the
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Al-Obaid, Y. F. "Fracture toughness parameter in a pipeline." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 43, no. 3 (1992): 461–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-7944(92)90114-t.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Wang, Chang. "Applying similarity methods to fracture mechanics—Measurement of fracture toughness K1c, KQ values by small-scale single specimen." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 31, no. 5 (1988): 807–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-7944(88)90236-6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Wu, Peng, Shao Cun Liu, and Xiu Rong Jiang. "Effect of the Ratio of Co to Ni+Co on the Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Ti(C, N)-Based Cermets." Key Engineering Materials 726 (January 2017): 292–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.726.292.

Full text
Abstract:
The microstructures of the prepared Ti(C, N)-based cermets with various ratios of Co to Ni+Co were studied using X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Mechanical properties such as transverse rupture strength (TRS), fracture toughness (K1C) and hardness (HRA) were also measured. The results showed that when Ni was partly replaced by Co, the core size of hard particle and the thickness of rim phase changed. With the increasing of the ratio of Co to Ni+Co, the porosity of the cermets increased gradually, the fracture toughness of the cermets decreased gradually, the
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fracture toughness parameter (K1c)"

1

Shukla, Pratik P. "Viability and characterization of the laser surface treatment of engineering ceramics." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/8426.

Full text
Abstract:
Laser surface treatment of engineering ceramics offers various advantages in comparison with conventional processing techniques and much research has been conducted to develop applications. Even so, there still remains a considerable gap in knowledge that needs to be filled to establish the process. By employing a fibre laser for the first time to process silicon nitride (Si3N4) and zirconia (ZrO2) engineering ceramics, a comparison with the CO2 and a Nd:YAG lasers was conducted to provide fundamental understanding of various aspects of the laser beam-material interaction. Changes in the morph
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Macdonald, Vincent. "Détermination d’un critère de rupture des gaines de Zircaloy-4 détendu hydruré contenant un blister d’hydrures, en conditions d’accident d’injection de réactivité." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM038/document.

Full text
Abstract:
Cette étude porte sur la détermination d’un critère de rupture des gaines de combustible de Zircaloy-4 détendu hydruré contenant un blister d’hydrures, en conditions accidentelles représentatives d’un accident d’injection de réactivité. Deux plages de comportement différentes en fonction de la température ont clairement été mises en évidence grâce à l’étude bibliographique, aux différentes campagnes d’essais mécaniques et aux analyses des faciès de rupture des éprouvettes rompues : une rupture de type fragile pour la gaine à 25°C et une rupture ductile à 350°C.A 25°C, la rupture fragile a été
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Liao, Ming-Chyuan, and 廖明泉. "The effect of the process parameter on the fracture toughness of 15-5PH stainless steel." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71525824103965026502.

Full text
Abstract:
碩士<br>雲林科技大學<br>材料科技研究所<br>98<br>15-5PH stainless steel has high strength, high ductility and good corrosion resistance. It widely used in various fields. This study to investigate different refining processes (ESR、VAR), aging temperature(470 oC、520 oC、570 oC、620 oC、700 oC), aging time (7.5min、15min、30min、1hr、2hr、4hr、8hr ) on the microstructure, mechanical properties and fracture toughness of 15-5PH stainless steel with solution treatment for 1hr at 1040 oC. The results show that low carbon lath martensite and NbC precipitates exist in the matrix after solution treatment. After aging at 520 o
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Book chapters on the topic "Fracture toughness parameter (K1c)"

1

Liu, Jun, Qi Zhang, Guoliang Dai, and Xiao Wang. "A New Method for Estimating Rock Fracture Toughness KIc from Strength Parameters." In Proceedings of GeoShanghai 2018 International Conference: Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0113-1_2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Devin, L. N., and A. L. Maistrenko. "Fracture Toughness Characteristics (K1c and K11c) Of Tool Ceramics Under Static and Dynamic Loading." In Brittle Matrix Composites 3. Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3646-4_13.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Tandon, G. P., T. J. Whitney, R. Gerzeski, H. Koerner, and J. Baur. "Process Parameter Effects on Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of FDM Printed Coupons." In Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41766-0_8.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Marquès, Michel, Nadia Pérot, Nicolas Devictor, and Bérengère Saliba. "Methods for Fitting a 3-Parameter Weibull Distribution on Fracture Toughness Data." In Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management. Springer London, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-410-4_350.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Kim, Min Chul, Bong Sang Lee, Won Jon Yang, and Jun Hwa Hong. "Determination of the Key Microstructural Parameter for the Cleavage Fracture Toughness of Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels in the Transition Region." In Key Engineering Materials. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-978-4.1672.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Sumpter, J. D. G. "Fracture Toughness – a Measurable Materials Parameter." In Fracture, Plastic Flow and Structural Integrity. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367814021-5.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Hancock, J. W. "A two parameter approach to the fracture behaviour of short cracks." In Shallow Crack Fracture Mechanics Toughness Tests and Applications. Elsevier, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9780857093226.1.24.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Dally, Tim, Carola Bilgen, Marek Werner, and Kerstin Weinberg. "Cohesive Elements or Phase-Field Fracture: Which Method Is Better for Dynamic Fracture Analyses?" In Modeling and Simulation in Engineering - Selected Problems. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92180.

Full text
Abstract:
Numerical techniques to simulate crack propagation can roughly be divided into sharp and diffuse interface methods. Two prominent approaches to quantitative dynamic fracture analysis are compared here. Specifically, an adaptive cohesive element technique and a phase-field fracture approach are applied to simulate Hopkinson bar experiments on the fracture toughness of high-performance concrete. The experimental results are validated numerically in the sense of an inverse analysis. Both methods allow predictive numerical simulations of crack growth with an a priori unknown path and determine the related material parameter in a quantitative manner. Reliability, precision, and numerical costs differ however.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Hassan, Mohamad Zaki, Siti Amni Roslan, Zainudin A. Rasid, Mohd Zuhri Mohamed Yusoff, S. M. Sapuan, and Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki. "Optimizing the Mercerisation Effect on the Mode I Fracture Toughness of Bambusa Vulgaris Bamboo Using Surface Response Method." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1374-3.ch006.

Full text
Abstract:
Alkaline treatment is widely being promoted to treat natural fibres and improves the fibre bundle surface for better interlocking with the polymer matrix. The aim of this study is to optimize the merceration parameter including natrium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration, soaking and drying time for Bambusa Vulgaris bamboo using response surface methodology (RSM). Here, the treatment conditions were employed by the Box-Behnken design (BBD). The comparative study of the treated and untreated fibre on crack propagation behaviour, Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness (GIC) of the bamboo along the longitudinal direction test was carried out. Through the statistical analysis approach (ANOVA), it is suggested that bamboo treated with 1.5 wt.% concentration of NaOH is capable to reach the fracture toughness value up to 367.25 J/m2. It is also shown that all proposed variables for treatment in this study (i.e., the concentration of the NaOH is highly significant with the 2.85 hours of soaking and drying for 72.5 hours).
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Fracture toughness parameter (K1c)"

1

Yu, Feng, P. Y. Ben Jar, and Michael T. Hendry. "Ball Indentation Technique to Estimate Fracture Toughness of High-Strength Rail Steels." In 2018 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2018-6127.

Full text
Abstract:
In this work, the non-destructive ball indentation technique is applied to estimate fracture toughness for three types of high-strength rail steels based on continuum damage mechanics. Damage parameter, in terms of the deterioration of elastic modulus, is measured for three rail steels using the loading-unloading smooth tensile test, based on which a ductile damage model is calibrated to determine the critical damage parameter at the onset of fracture. Meanwhile, an instrumented ball indentation test is conducted on the three rail steels to generate damage as a function of contact depth under
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Uemoto, Yoshio, Akihiko Hirano, and Daisuke Hirasawa. "Fracture Toughness Evaluation of Carbon Steels in Piping and Valve for Reactor Primary System." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65579.

Full text
Abstract:
UK very high integrity (VHI) component classification includes design, manufacturing, and inspection requirements that go beyond those established in ASME BPVC Sec. III Subsection NB [1]. One of these requirements is to ensure the component is tolerant of manufacturing defects. This can be demonstrated using a Defect Tolerance Assessment (DTA) based on two parameters fracture mechanics method. The brittle fracture parameter of this assessment requires the analysis of stress occurring in the component against the plane strain fracture toughness, KIC of the material. This work focuses on the pra
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Wang, Z. X., H. M. Li, Y. J. Chao, and P. S. Lam. "Prediction of Characteristic Length and Fracture Toughness in Ductile-Brittle Transition." In ASME 2008 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2008-61608.

Full text
Abstract:
Finite element method was used to analyze the three-point bend experimental data of A533B-1 pressure vessel steel obtained by Sherry, Lidbury, and Beardsmore [1] from −160 to −45 °C within the ductile-brittle transition regime. As many researchers have shown, the failure stress (σf) of the material could be approximated as a constant. The characteristic length, or the critical distance (rc) from the crack tip, at which σf is reached, is shown to be temperature dependent based on the crack tip stress field calculated by the finite element method. With the J-A2 two-parameter constraint theory in
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Chen, Xiang, Mikhail A. Sokolov, Arunodaya Bhattacharya, et al. "Master Curve Fracture Toughness Characterization of Eurofer97 Steel Variants Using Miniature Multi-Notch Bend Bar Specimens for Fusion Applications." In ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93797.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract In this study, we performed fracture toughness testing of ten Eurofer97 steel variants using precracked miniature multi-notch bend bar (M4CVN) specimens based on the Master Curve method in the ASTM E1921 standard. Additional Vickers microhardness and room temperature tensile testing complemented the fracture toughness testing. Compared with standard Eurofer97, the ten variants didn’t show a comprehensive improvement of mechanical properties. The Master Curve method was found to yield a reasonable prediction of fracture toughness results obtained from M4CVN specimens with most valid fr
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

EricksonKirk, Mark T., and MarjorieAnn EricksonKirk. "Use of a Unified Model for the Fracture Toughness of Ferritic Steels in the Transition and on the Upper Shelf in Fitness-for-Service Assessment and in the Design of Fracture Toughness Experiments." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93652.

Full text
Abstract:
Models to predict the fracture and arrest behavior of ferritic steels have long been under development. The current, most widely accepted model of fracture toughness behavior is the ASTM E1921-02 “Master Curve” that is used to predict the variation of the median cleavage fracture toughness (KJc) with temperature in the transition temperature region, as well as predicting the scatter of data about the median at any given temperature. Recently, models describing the variation of crack arrest fracture toughness (KIa) and of ductile initiation fracture toughness (JIc) with temperature have also be
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Erickson, Marjorie, and Mark Kirk. "Addressing NRC Concerns Regarding Proposed CC N-830: Direct Use of Fracture Toughness for Flaw Evaluations of Pressure Boundary Materials in Class 1 Ferritic Steel Components." In ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93653.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract Section XI of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code provides KIc and KIa fracture toughness models for ferritic steels. These models are based on linear elastic fracture mechanics methods and were initially developed in the 1970s; they remain largely unchanged since that time. Recently, a modification to Code Case (CC) N-830 has been proposed to provide alternative fracture toughness models for use in the flaw evaluation methodologies of ASME Section XI Nonmandatory Appendices A and K. The integrated models contained in proposed Code Case revision predict the mean trends and scatte
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Chai, Mengyu, Weijie Wu, Zaoxiao Zhang, Guangxu Cheng, and Quan Duan. "Acoustic Emission Entropy for Evaluation of Fracture Toughness of HSLA Steel Welded Joint." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-66042.

Full text
Abstract:
In this investigation, fracture toughness behavior of high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel welded joint was studied using acoustic emission (AE) monitoring. For the design of new structures and for the safety and reliability analyses of operating components, fracture toughness (KIC) values of materials play an essential role. Acoustic emission technique (AET) has been used for determination of fracture toughness based on some observable changes of AE evolutions. However, the occurrence of appreciable plasticity in materials, the friction between the crack surfaces and mechanical noise could ge
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Herman Shen, M. H., Sajedur Akanda, Xia Liu, and Peng Wang. "Assessment of Fracture Toughness and Fatigue Crack Growth Threshold of a Welded Joint Constituent of a Steam Turbine LP Rotor." In ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-25422.

Full text
Abstract:
In order to ensure safety and reliability of steam turbine welded rotors, the present investigation focuses on evaluation of crack initiation, growth, and resistance parameters of base metal (BM), weld metal (WM) and heat affected zone (HAZ) of a steam turbine rotor welded joint constituent. The experimental part consists of three-point bending conducted on single edge notch bend specimens to induce stable crack propagation. The crack size was calculated by incorporating the crack opening displacement measured by a clip-gage, in a compliance method. The fatigue crack threshold was obtained fro
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Josse, Florent, Yannick Lefebvre, Patrick Todeschini, Silvia Turato, and Eric Meister. "Statistical Analyses for Probabilistic Assessments of the Reactor Pressure Vessel Structural Integrity: Building a Master Curve on an Extract of the “Euro” Fracture Toughness Dataset, Controlling Statistical Uncertainty for Both Mono-Temperature and Multi-Temperature Tests." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89481.

Full text
Abstract:
Assessing the structural integrity of a nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV) subjected to pressurized-thermal-shock (PTS) transients is extremely important to safety. In addition to conventional deterministic calculations to confirm RPV integrity, Electricite´ de France (EDF) carries out probabilistic analyses. Probabilistic analyses are interesting because some key variables, albeit conventionally taken at conservative values, can be modeled more accurately through statistical variability. One variable which significantly affects RPV structural integrity assessment is cleavage fracture initi
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Cipolla, Russell C., and Keith R. Wichman. "Technical Basis for Revised Flaw Acceptance Criteria Under IWB-3610 of ASME Section XI." In ASME 2005 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2005-71718.

Full text
Abstract:
This paper describes the change from the KIa to KIc in performing flaw evaluation for Class 1 ferritic steel components according to IWB-3610 and Appendix A of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section XI. The primary reason for making this change is to reduce the excess conservatism in the current flaw evaluation acceptance criteria. The Appendix A calculation methods can be used in accepting flaws detected as part of the plant inservice inspection program. The KIa and KIc reference curves represent two lower bound fracture toughness curves available in ASME Section XI. The KIa refere
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!