To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Fragola.

Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fragola'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Fragola.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Di, Sapio Mario. "Valutazione analitica e sensoriale di genotipi di fragola." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.

Find full text
Abstract:
La qualità della fragola dipende sia dalle caratteristiche intrinseche del frutto che dalle valutazioni soggettive degli operatori. La qualità del frutto è stata a lungo considerata un obiettivo secondario in quanto si poneva l’attenzione principalmente al miglioramento della pezzatura del frutto;negli ultimi anni, al contrario, è stata dedicata attenzione anche al miglioramento della dolcezza e della componente aromatica. In questo lavoro sono stati considerati genotipi, classificati come come “aromatici” e “non aromatici”, in base ai loro parentali, allevati in sistema biologico e convenzionale. E' stata condotta una analisi sensoriale su cinque attributi: odore, dolcezza, acidità, succosità, aroma più il gradimento globale. Sono stati riscontrati 14 effetti di vari fattori sperimentali; la tipologia aromatica in media ha fatto registrare percezioni più elevate di dolcezza, aroma, odore e un maggiore gradimento; tuttavia, è stata riscontrata una grande variabilità tra i singoli genotipi. Il gradimento complessivo è risultato correlato positivamente con odore, dolcezza, succosità e aroma e negativamente con l’acidità. L’aroma della fragola è apparso come carattere sensoriale che influisce maggiormente sugli altri attributi e guida la percezione di gradevolezza del consumatore. Mediante campionamento con SPME e analisi GC/MS, sono stati identificati 109 composti, di cui 8 rappresentano più dell’85% della componente volatile. E' stata evidenziata una correlazione positiva dell’aroma e gradimento col grado zuccherino e il contenuto di alcuni composti volatili. I composti che hanno manifestato azione sensoriale sono comunque risultati presenti in quantità molto basse; questo rende problematica la loro utilizzazione come elementi di selezione in programmi di miglioramento genetico. La ricerca ha evidenziato inoltre come la percezione dei caratteri sensoriali sia complessa e quella dei singoli caratteri possa essere in vario modo influenzata da quella di altri.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Carlini, Nicola. "Fragola e Botrytis cinerea: un rapporto difficile da spezzare." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.

Find full text
Abstract:
Il settore della fragola ha conosciuto diversi mutamenti nel corso del Novecento, per via della sua sempre più larga diffusione, delle nuove tecnologie e dei recenti sviluppi in materia scientifica. Tali mutamenti sono in continua evoluzione, influenzati sia dalle tendenze del mercato, sia dall’affermazione del contributo nutrizionale della fragola, oramai riconosciuto. Tuttavia, esistono molteplici problematiche a carico di questo frutto, che dipendono da territorio, clima, tipologie di coltivazione e conservazione post-raccolta, ma anche e soprattutto, dai patogeni, primo fra tutti, Botrytis cinerea. Questo fungo è responsabile della formazione di muffa grigia nella fragola, problema che si riscontra anche nelle coltivazioni a coltura protetta e nella commercializzazione. Nell’ottica di massimizzare le rese della produzione, per elevare il profitto economico, negli anni sono stati usati tecniche e accorgimenti (come i fungicidi) che oggi risultano, in parte, non pienamente efficaci. Inoltre, sono gli stessi consumatori che, secondo un trend in continua espansione, scelgono sempre più di acquistare prodotti biologici, provenienti da aziende ecosostenibili, pur non volendo rinunciare al gusto e all’immagine estetica della fragola. In ragione di questi fattori, l’obiettivo di questo studio è quello di fornire un quadro generale della situazione della fragola ad oggi, ripercorrendo gli sviluppi più significativi avvenuti nel Novecento, dall’introduzione di nuove varietà ottenute grazie alle ricerche scientifiche, ma anche dall’industria di trasformazione, per provare a determinare quali saranno le tendenze future e quali i potenziali, ulteriori progressi in materia.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Manenti, Samuele. "Formulazione e sviluppo di semilavorati in pasta per la gelateria: caso studio della pasta fragola." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.

Find full text
Abstract:
L'offerta di semilavorati per gelateria è ampia e risponde a molteplici necessità pratiche dei gelatieri. L'obiettivo della tesi è stato quello di sviluppare due nuove referenze di paste aromatizzanti alla fragola, un prodotto per base acqua ed uno per base latte. A tale fine sono stati studiati i problemi tecnologici e sono state valutate differenti strategie migliorative di una referenza, codificata come riferimento, prodotta da azienda terza, commercializzata da Unigrà ed inserita nella gamma di prodotti del brand Martini Linea Gelato. La metodologia di ricerca ha previsto dapprima la formulazione di ricette che sono state realizzate nella cucina laboratorio interna all’Azienda; i campioni di pasta fragola così realizzati sono stati sottoposti ad analisi chimico-fisiche e, parallelamente, sono stati eseguiti dei test applicativi mantecando un gelato per ciascuna ricetta con applicazione di colori ed aromi al fine di ottenere la formulazione ottimale. Sono stati inoltre organizzati panel test coinvolgendo l’ufficio commerciale affinché potesse valutare gli obiettivi raggiunti. Trovata la migliore formulazione questa è stata implementata a livello di impianto pilota e sui prodotti ottenuti sono stati eseguiti nuovi test applicativi. Al raggiungimento della ricetta definitiva si è svolto lo scale-up industriale del progetto con lo scopo di evidenziare eventuali criticità nella produzione e/o confezionamento del prodotto. La principale problematica riscontrata nello sviluppo di prodotto riguarda il mantenimento del colore rosso fragola nel gelato base latte: gli antociani del frutto e quelli naturali aggiunti (apportati dall’estratto di carota nera), così come il pH che caratterizzava il mezzo, determinavano un viraggio di colore verso una tonalità blu/violette. Dopo svariate prove con coloranti naturali (β-carotene e betanine) tale problema è stato risolto in formulazione definitiva utilizzando coloranti azoici (E129 + E102).
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Cacchi, Mattia. "Caratteri qualitativi dei frutti di 13 varietà di fragola in funzione del genotipo e del materiale di propagazione." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/4542/.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Spadoni, Tatiana. "Valutazione del ruolo protettivo di un estratto etanolico di fragola contro lo stress ossidativo in cellule dermiche umane." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/242616.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Aderno', Carmela. "Risultati economici e costi della fragolicoltura in Sicilia." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1297.

Full text
Abstract:
Nel corso degli ultimi dieci anni la fragolicoltura ha manifestato, sia a livello nazionale che internazionale, un continuo movimento evolutivo, quanto a superfici investite ed a produzioni ottenute, grazie anche alla professionalità degli imprenditori agricoli, alle condizioni pedoclimatiche, ma anche l alto livello di innovazione del processo produttivo e del panorama varietale locale. Secondo gli ultimi dati disponibili della statistica ufficiale nel 2011, le superfici investite a fragola si attesterebbero in Italia intorno ai 6.000 ha con una produzione di circa 154 mila t (Annuario statistico Italiano 2011) . Tali superfici investite sono principalmente concentrate in diverse aree colturali della Campania (Piana del Sele e agro aversano), Veneto (veronese), Basilicata (meta pontino), Emilia-Romagna (cesenate), Sicilia (marsalese e malettese), Calabria (lametin), Trentino e Piemonte (cuneese). In particolare, secondo i dati Istat 2011, la superficie investita in fragolicoltura in Sicilia è di 488 ettari in piena area e 28 ettari in serra e presenta ritmi di incremento particolarmente spinti, soprattutto in alcune province, nelle quali per la produzione della fragola si rilevano modalità di organizzazione e gestione nonché intensi processi di trasformazione soprattutto in ordine alle tecniche applicate, alle specie e varietà coltivate. Questo trend evolutivo della fragolicoltura siciliana risente inoltre di una domanda dinamica, capace di assorbire a prezzi sostenuti le crescenti offerte, di una limitata presenza, nei mesi di maturazione commerciale (fra maggio e dicembre), sui mercati nazionali di consumo di altre fragole provenienti da Paesi esteri e dell alta redditività dei capitali e del lavoro che lascia intravedere ampie prospettive di sviluppo del comparto, almeno fino a quando si riuscirà a realizzare un prodotto precoce facilmente collocabile sui mercati. Trattasi, pertanto, di un comparto nel quale si osservano delle peculiarità nelle operazioni colturali e significative innovazioni di prodotto e di processo, ma sul quale si registra una carenza di studi sufficientemente aggiornati e documentati sull economia della produzione, studi che sarebbero di grande utilità nella conoscenza del comparto in esame e nell elaborazione di eventuali strategie mirate di intervento in grado di assecondare gli aspetti evolutivi in atto. Quanto predetto ha suggerito la programmazione e lo svolgimento di un indagine sulla fragolicoltura avente come area di riferimento la zona dei Nebrodi ed in particolare la coltivazione della fragola a Maletto e dintorni . Lo studio è stato articolato in tre fasi: a) la prima, a carattere generale, è stata rivolta ad evidenziare evoluzione ed attuale importanza della coltivazione della fragola nell Isola e la sua relativa collocazione nell ambito nazionale; b) la seconda è stata mirata ad illustrare le caratteristiche tecnico-economiche territoriali della produzione della fragola, con riguardo anche agli aspetti organizzativi e gestionali delle aziende fragolicole; c) la terza, infine, è stata rivolta all accertamento della struttura e dell entità dei costi di produzione e dei ricavi, nonché dei relativi risultati economici, con riferimento a congrui e rappresentativi campioni di unità produttive.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Crucitti, Maria Cristina. "Effetto dell'applicazione di un biostimolante commerciale a base di trichoderma sullo sviluppo, stato nutrizionale e qualità dei frutti di fragola allevate fuori suolo." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.

Find full text
Abstract:
Da anni, diversi studi hanno dimostrato e sottolineato l’importanza che i batteri promotori di crescita (PGPR) hanno nell’aumentare la resa, lo sviluppo, la nutrizione della pianta, oltre che le caratteristiche del frutto come la dolcezza, i metaboliti secondari con proprietà antiossidanti (fenoli e flavonoidi) e il contenuto di minerali in particolare nell’uva, nelle mele, nelle fragole, nelle more e nelle ciliegie. L’obiettivo di questo lavoro di tesi è stato quello di valutare l’efficacia di 2 diversi formulati a base di Trichoderma spp. (Biocross Eva e Biocross Tris). I formulati, a confronto con un controllo non trattato, sono stati addizionati al substrato di crescita utilizzato per la coltura fuori-suolo della fragola. La sperimentazione, condotta fra luglio 2019 e giugno 2020, ha interessato i seguenti rilievi: la biomassa microbica del suolo, lo sviluppo della pianta (radici, colletto e chioma), la clorofilla fogliare, l’analisi dei minerali delle foglie, la produzione, il peso del frutto, il residuo secco rifrattometrico, l’analisi dell’attività antiossidante e la concentrazione totale di fenoli e flavonoidi. Da questa sperimentazione è emerso un effetto positivo del consorzio PGPR sullo stato nutrizionale e sulla qualità nutraceutica dei frutti, pur con una leggera riduzione della produzione e del peso medio del frutto.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Cacchi, Mattia. "Qualita di nuove accessioni di fragola (fragaria x ananassa) in funzione del tipo di materiale di propagazione: Aspetti analitici e sensoriali." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7877/.

Full text
Abstract:
La ricerca è stata svolta presso il Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura - Unità di Ricerca per la Frutticoltura di Forlì (CRA-FRF) ed ha riguardato lo studio delle caratteristiche qualitative e di alcuni composti bioattivi dei frutti di 10 diverse accessioni varietali di fragola (6 varietà: Alba, Nora, Garda, Jonica, Brilla, Pircinque; 4 selezioni in avanzata fase di studio ottenute nell’ambito dei programmi di breeding pubblico-privati condotti e coordinati dal CRA-FRF: CE 51, CE 56, VR 177.2, VR 4) coltivate per un biennio nello stesso ambiente (cesenate). Sono state considerate due differenti tipologie di piante: frigoconservata (tipologia tradizionale) e fresca “cima radicata” (tipologia innovativa che si sta sempre più affermando presso i produttori). L’obiettivo principale di questa tesi è finalizzato alla caratterizzazione qualitativa e nutrizionale dei frutti raccolti dalle due tipologie di pianta. L’interesse di monitorare l’effetto di questa innovativa tecnica di coltivazione deriva dalla sua sempre maggiore affermazione in quanto consente una significativa riduzione dei costi di produzione. Lo studio delle 10 accessioni di fragola (tra cui quelle che attualmente stanno dominando lo standard varietale del Nord Italia) può permettere di aggiungere informazioni importanti sulla loro caratterizzazione qualitativa, in particolare sulle caratteristiche sensoriali mediante un approccio quantitativo descrittivo. Infine, la ripetizione dello studio per due annate differenti può consentire di valutare l’influenza del fattore “anno” sui caratteri studiati.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Gasparrini, Massimiliano. "Effect of strawberry antioxidants against oxidative and inflammatory stress." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/243099.

Full text
Abstract:
Il primo obiettivo dello studio è stato quello di valutare e confrontare la qualità fitochimica e nutrizionale di diversi estratti di fragola, prodotti da varietà commerciali ottenute da specifici programmi di incrocio genetico. Nei vari estratti sono state misurate la capacità antiossidante totale, l'attività anti radicalica e il contenuto di polifenoli, flavonoidi, antociani, vitamina C e folati. Sulla base dei risultati ottenuti la cultivar Alba è stata scelta per condurre le analisi nella seconda parte del progetto. Il secondo obiettivo è stato quello di valutare gli effetti di estratti metanolici della cultivar Alba sull’infiammazione indotta dal LPS di E.Coli in cellule di fibroblasti di derma umano e macrofagi RAW 264.7. Dopo analisi preliminari di vitalità, apoptosi e produzione di ROS intracellulari, il ruolo protettivo degli estratti è stato stimato attraverso la valutazione dei principali biomarcatori collegati allo stress infiammatorio e ossidativo e in relazione all'attività dei principali enzimi antiossidanti. Analisi di espressione proteica sono state effettuate per identificare le principali vie molecolari coinvolte nell’azione degli estratti di fragola e del LPS E’ stato inoltre misurato il consumo di ossigeno correlato alla funzionalità mitocondriale. I risultati hanno evidenziato come gli estratti di fragola esercitino un effetto anti-infiammatorio sulle cellule trattate con LPS, riducendo la produzione di ROS e abbassando i livelli dei biomarcatori infiammatori e ossidativi. La risposta infiammatoria è stata altresì contrastata rafforzando l’attività antiossidante e regolando le vie molecolari collegate all’AMPK, registrando inoltre un miglioramento della funzionalità mitocondriale. I risultati ottenuti sottolineano e confermano il potenziale beneficio per la salute di un consumo di fragola, in particolare nei confronti delle alterazioni indotte da stress infiammatori.
The first aim of this PhD project was to assess and compare the nutritional and phytochemical quality of strawberry fruit extracts of different cultivars and/or varieties, obtained through specific breeding programs: the main purpose of such approach was to evaluate the influence of genetic background on these parameters. The total antioxidant capacity, the radical scavenging activity, the content of total phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins, vitamin C and folates were measured in the different strawberry extracts. Among the varieties studied, the cultivar Alba was chosen for its nutritional value and was used in the second part of the Thesis. The second aim of this project was to evaluate the effects of methanolic purified extracts from Alba cultivar on inflammatory status induced by E.Coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on two different cell lines, Human Dermal Fibroblasts (HDF) and RAW 264.7 macrophages. The cell viability, apoptosis rate and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) intracellular production were assessed. The protective role of strawberry extracts was estimated by the evaluation of the principal biomarkers related to inflammatory and oxidative stress and the activity of the principal antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, protein expression was evaluated to analyze and clarify the principal molecular pathways involved in strawberry and LPS mechanisms of action. Finally, the oxygen consumption rate related to mitochondria functionality was evaluated. The results obtained demonstrated that strawberry extracts had an anti-inflammatory effect on LPS treated cells, through a reduction of ROS and inflammatory and oxidative damages. Strawberry extracts also counteracted the inflammatory response increasing the antioxidant activities, through AMPK-related pathways. An improvement of mitochondria functionality was also demonstrated. The results obtained with this work highlight and confirm the potential health benefit of strawberry against inflammatory and oxidative stress.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

PARRINELLO, Antonietta. "Analisi del comportamento bio-agronomico di differenti tipologie di piante, di varietà e della tecnica colturale della fragola allevata in ambiente protetto in Sicilia." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/91043.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
11

Santini, Marilla. "Alternative a basso impatto ambientale per il controllo della peronospora della vite e dei marciumi postraccolta di uva da tavola, fragola e ciliegie." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/242201.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
12

CEGLIE, FRANCESCO GIOVANNI. "Management of soil fertility and postharvest quality and traceability of organic horticultural products." Doctoral thesis, Università di Foggia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11369/363268.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
13

ROMANDINI, STEFANIA. "Valutazione delle caratteristiche nutrizionali di differenti varietà di fragola (in vitro) e degli effetti di un consumo acuto o cronico di questi frutti sulla salute umana (in vivo)." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/241899.

Full text
Abstract:
Un'alimentazione sana è quella che fornisce tramite gli alimenti assunti quotidianamente la quantità di nutrienti che corrisponde al proprio fabbisogno. Ma l’alimentazione corretta permette anche alle persone sane di prevenire le malattie e migliorare il loro stato di salute. Nell’ambito della vasta gamma di prodotti alimentari di largo consumo, frutta e verdura ricoprono un ruolo di fondamentale importanza, grazie al loro notevole contenuto di composti benefici per la salute. La nostra attenzione si è focalizzata sul frutto della Fragola, tra i più ricchi in composti antiossidanti, composti specifici che costituiscono la barriera protettiva contro alte concentrazioni di radicali liberi responsabili dello stress ossidativo. Scopo di questo progetto di tesi è stato quello di valutare innanzitutto le caratteristiche nutrizionali di differenti varietà di fragola in studio (in vitro), e gli effetti di un consumo acuto o cronico di questi frutti sulla salute umana (in vivo). Abbiamo quindi analizzato con tecniche più generali la capacità antiossidante totale e il contenuto totale in polifenoli, con ulteriore indagine quantitativa sui flavonoidi e le antocianine, abbiamo confrontato i valori ottenuti che sono risultati significativi da genotipo a genotipo, e abbiamo confermato i risultati ottenuti in studi precedenti dove Sveva si era affermata essere tra le più interessanti varietà in studio, dimostrando anche nel nostro caso una elevata capacità antiossidante totale e un alto contenuto di micronutrienti, a scapito di un minor contenuto di antocianine. La cultivar OGM CALYPSO non si è messa in evidenza rispetto alle altre varietà, ma ha mostrato un aumento significativo delle antocianine rispetto alla cultivar parentale, caratteristica frutto proprio del miglioramento genetico subito riguardo appunto la quantità di antocianine. Rimanendo nell’ambito delle fragole, dopo aver portato a secco l’estratto metanolico dei frutti, abbiamo testato l’effetto gastroprotettivo di quest’ultimi su ulcere gastriche indotte da etanolo assoluto, nei ratti e la % di inibizione delle ulcere è risultata essere più elevata per quanto riguarda la cultivar Adria seguita tra le cultivar da Calypso OGM. Contemporaneamente siamo andati ad effettuare l’esame biochimico del contenuto gastrico dei topi in studio. Accanto a ciò abbiamo voluto testare gli effetti di un consumo di fragole acuto o prolungato sulla salute umana, effettuando innanzitutto una valutazione della barriera antiossidante del plasma dei soggetti partecipanti allo studio con tecniche quali il TEAC il FRAP ma aggiungendo anche test rilevanti quali il BAP test e l’SHp test, per poi andare a valutare il livello di stress ossidativo nei vari momenti dell’assunzione attraverso la valutazione dei residui carbonilici nel plasma e abbinando il test degli idroperossidi, il dROMs test. A ciò abbiamo affiancato uno studio sulla valutazione dei biomarker di stress ossidativo rilevabili nelle urine, quali l’8OhdG e i livelli di F2-isoprostani. Il disegno dello studio è proseguito con un’analisi sulla variazione della % di emolisi spontanea ed indotta da un agente ossidante sui globuli rossi, che ci ha mostrato interessanti risultati di diminuzione della % d’emolisi sia per i controlli sia per i globuli rossi a contatto con l’agente ossidante, rimarcando quindi un effetto benefico di un’alimentazione arricchita da frutta, nel nostro caso fragole, sullo stress ossidativo spontaneo o indotto. Al termine abbiamo condotto uno studio pilota sull’attivazione piastrinica, come possibile conseguenza di un consumo, di così grande entità, di fragole, ma i risultati hanno determinato una non significatività per quanto riguarda il numero di piastrine nei vari gradi di attivazione, ma con un comportamento diverso di due soggetti rispetto alla media. I risultati preliminari ottenuti in questo lavoro hanno fornito un buon punto di partenza per continuare l’indagine sui meccanismi legati allo stress ossidativo. Sarebbe interessante in futuro valutare l’effetto diretto di questi prodotti di ossidazione su organi maggiormente esposti allo stress ossidativo e pianificare magari studi su categorie di persone con malattie cronico-degenerative ad esso correlate.
A diet is healthy when the food assumed on a daily basis provides the amount of nutrients actually needed. An appropriate diet also helps healthy people to prevent diseases and improve their health. If we consider the wide range of the most consumed foodstuff, fruit and vegetables play a very important role, given their significant content of health improving compounds. We focused on Strawberry, one of the richest fruits in antioxidant compounds, specific compounds representing the protective defence against high free radical concentrations responsible for oxidative stress. The aim of this project was to firstly evaluate the nutritional properties of different strawberry varieties in study (in vitro), and the effects of acute or chronic consumptions of this fruit on human health (in vivo). Then we used more generic technics in order to analyse total antioxidant capacity and total polyphenol content, through further quantitative studies on flavonoids and anthocyanins; we compared the obtained values that resulted significant from genotype to genotype, and we confirmed the results achieved in previous studies, where Sveva had prevailed as the most interesting in study variety: in our case too, Sveva showed an high total antioxidant capacity and an high micronutrient content, in detriment of a minor anthocyanin content. The OGM CALYPSO cultivar didn’t stand out among the other varieties, but showed a significative increase of anthocyanins in detriment of the parental cultivar, this feature actually being subsequent to the genetic improvement produced by the quantity of anthocyanins. Still in the strawberry subject area, we dried the fruits methanolic extracts, then we tested their gastroprotective effect on gastric ulcers caused to rats by absolute ethanol: ulcers inhibition % resulted higher for the Adria Cultivar, followed by Calypso OGM among cultivars. At the same time, we carried out the biochemical test on the gastric content of in study rats. Besides that, we wanted to test the effects of an acute or prolonged strawberry consumption on human health, firstly carrying out an evaluation of plasma antioxidant defence in the subjects participating to the study, using technics such as TEAC and FRAP, but also adding other important tests such as BAP and SHp, and then evaluating the oxidative stress level in different assumption moments, through the evaluation of carbonyl residues in plasma and the use of a further test, the hydroperoxides test (dROMs). At this point we also made use of a study on the evaluation of oxidative stress biomarkers detectable in urines, such as the 8OhdG and the levels of F2-isoprostanes. We continued the study design analysing the % variation of haemolysis, either spontaneous or induced by an antioxidant agent on red blood cells, which showed interesting results regarding the reduction of haemolysis %, either for controls or for red blood cells in contact with the antioxidant agent: therefore we were able to highlight the favourable effects of a fruit enriched diet (strawberries in our case) on spontaneous or induced oxidative stress. In the end, we carried out a pilot study on thrombocytic activation, as a possible consequence of a strawberry consumption of such an extent, but results eventually turned out to be non-significant as for thrombocytic number in the different activation levels, even though two subjects showed different behaviours compared to average. The results preliminarly obtained with this work offered a good starting point in order to keep on researching on the mechanisms associated with oxidative stress. In the future, it would be interesting to evaluate the direct effect of these oxidation products on the organs most exposed to oxidative stress, and to possibly plan studies on people categories affected by chronic-degenerative diseases associated to it.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
14

Bonacci, Michael. "Potenziali effetti della consociazione tra genotipi di Vitis: osservazioni in vivaio." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.

Find full text
Abstract:
È necessario intraprendere una via maggiormente ecosostenibile e vantaggiosa per gestire le problematiche presenti in vivaio, e in generale in vigneto, adottando tecniche ammesse in agricoltura biologica o, meglio ancora, con una visione agroecologica della gestione. Le osservazioni condotte presso i Vivai Maiorana hanno indagato la diversa suscettibilità di genotipi di vite ai principali patogeni fungini e gli effetti della consociazione sui sintomi causati da tali patogeni. In primo luogo si è osservata la differenza di suscettibilità tra le cultivars di Merlot e la varietà portinnesto Kober 5BB. I genotipi di Vitis vinifera analizzati si sono dimostrati suscettibili, a differenza del portinnesto Kober 5BB che è risultato completamente esente da sintomi. In seguito, le osservazioni si sono concentrate nel lotto del barbatellaio, in cui tre filari di Calabrese e tre filari di Nerello Mascalese sono separati da un filare di Isabella. Le osservazioni svolte hanno permesso di indagare gli effetti della consociazione, sfruttando l’attuale impostazione del vivaio, in cui diversi genotipi di vite vengono coltivate a stretto contatto. Si è osservata una variazione dei sintomi di peronospora su Vitis vinifera in relazione alla distanza dalla varietà Isabella. L’effetto è presumibilmente mediato da VOCs specifici. Questi benefici, se opportunamente sfruttati, consentirebbero di ridurre sensibilmente la necessità di intervenire con prodotti esogeni nella gestione del barbatellaio, aumentando la possibilità di impostare una produzione biologica che soddisfi le necessità della viticoltura moderna, con vantaggi agronomici ed ecologici.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
15

Daminato, Margherita. "Studio funzionale di due geni MADS-box (FaSHP e TM8) coinvolti nello sviluppo di strutture carnose con funzione "frutto"." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422656.

Full text
Abstract:
The fruit is an ovary derived structure, typical of Angiosperms, that is fundamental for the dispersal of seeds in the environment. Fleshy fruits are particularly efficient because they attract frugivorous animals that disperse the seeds in the environment by means of endozoochory. However the production of fleshy structures for seed dispersal is not limited to flowering plants and can be also found in the Gymnosperms. In fact, some Gymnosperm species surround their seeds with fleshy structures which can be considered fruits from a functional point of view, even if they are not ovary derived. The study of the molecular mechanisms regulating fleshy structure development is therefore interesting from an evolutionary point of view. It was recently discovered that some MADS-box genes, already known to be involved in the development of Angiosperm fruits, are also expressed in Gymnosperm fruits (Lovisetto et al., 2012). This suggests a possible conservation of the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of seed dispersing structures. Since the study of Gymnosperm genes is difficult because these plants are recalcitrant to both transformation and regeneration, we decided to study two Angiosperm genes for this thesis work. In particular the strawberry FaSHP and the tomato TM8 genes, whose homologous ones are also expressed in the Gymnosperm fruits, were studied in strawberry and tomato, respectively. FaSHP is a strawberry AGAMOUS-like MADS-box gene, belonging to the PLENA clade, which was isolated following the screening of a red fruit cDNA library and which is particularly expressed during the ripening phase. Considering the already demonstrated important role of other genes of this group during the development of climacteric fleshy fruits, we decided to investigate FaSHP function by means of transient gene silencing and over-expression experiments in strawberry fruits, which are non-climacteric. FaSHP down- and over-expressing fruits showed respectively a delay and an acceleration of the ripening phase, which were confirmed at the molecular level by means of the altered expression of some ripening related genes. These data led to hypothesize a possible role for FaSHP as general regulator of many aspects of the "ripening syndrome" in strawberry. Moreover FaSHP gene expression analysis following fruit treatments with auxin and ABA (key hormonal regulators of strawberry ripening), and the identification of hormone response sequences in the gene promoter, suggested that FaSHP could at least partially mediate these two hormone role on fruit ripening. Therefore the results of this part of the work suggest that FaSHP could be a "master gene" in strawberry fruit ripening. Considering that AGAMOUS-like genes are also expressed during the development of Gymnosperm fruits, which like strawberries are false fruits, it can be supposed that the Gymnosperm genes could have a similar function during the development of the seed surrounding fleshy structures of these plants. TM8 was the first discovered gene of a poorly studied MADS-box gene group. As well as Gymnosperm TM8-like genes the tomato TM8 gene has an ubiquitary gene expression profile, even if it reaches a maximum in the flower. In order to test the gene role we produced transgenic plants over-expressing TM8 and transgenic plants over-expressing the gene as a chimeric repressor. Since transgenic plants over-expressing TM8 produce flowers having dialytic stamens, we hypothesized that this gene could have a role in the development of male reproductive organs. This idea was supported by the gene expression analysis of other floral organ MADS-box identity genes. Besides TM8 possible function during flower development, the phenotypic and molecular analysis of the plants over-expressing TM8 as a chimeric repressor led to hypothesize a possible function also during the development of other plant organs, both vegetative (leaf) and reproductive (fruit). These roles in several steps of the plant life cycle support the idea that TM8-like genes are very ancient and that they originated early during MADS-box gene evolution. Moreover, TM8 possible function during fruit development suggests that also in Gymnosperms, where TM8-like genes are expressed in seed dispersing structures, they could participate in the development of "fruits"
Il frutto, definito in termini botanici come struttura che si sviluppa da un ovario fiorale in seguito ad un evento di fecondazione, è una struttura peculiare delle Angiosperme. Esso ha contribuito in modo rilevante al successo riproduttivo di queste piante essendo principalmente deputato al processo di dispersione dei semi che si sviluppano al suo interno. Tuttavia, la necessità di disperdere i semi nell'ambiente non è unica delle Angiosperme, anche le Gimnosperme producendo semi devono affrontare questa problematica. Sebbene esse non presentino fiori, e pertanto non siano in grado di produrre veri frutti, vi sono molte specie che circondano i propri semi con delle strutture carnose che hanno lo scopo di facilitarne la dispersione, e sono quindi simili ai veri frutti da un punto di vista funzionale. Alla luce di queste considerazioni risulta chiaro che studiare i meccanismi che regolano lo sviluppo e la maturazione dei frutti è importante anche sotto il profilo evolutivo. Recentemente è stato scoperto che gli omologhi di alcuni geni MADS-box che controllano lo sviluppo e maturazione dei veri frutti, sono espressi anche nelle strutture carnose associate ai semi di alcune Gimnosperme (Lovisetto et al., 2012), suggerendo una possibile conservazione di parte dei meccanismi molecolari di base che regolano la formazione delle strutture coinvolte nella dispersione dei semi. Poiché la caratterizzazione funzionale di tali geni risulta difficile nelle Gimnosperme, per il presente lavoro si è deciso di focalizzare l'attenzione su due geni di Angiosperme, omologhi dei geni identificati nelle Gimnosperme. In particolare è stata condotta la caratterizzazione funzionale del gene FaSHP di fragola e del gene TM8 di pomodoro. FaSHP è un gene MADS-box, appartenente al clade PLENA della sottofamiglia AGAMOUS, che è stato isolato mediante lo screening di una libreria di cDNA di frutto rosso e che è risultato essere espresso nel frutto con un profilo di espressione maturazione-specifico. Per alcuni geni appartenenti a questa classe è già stato definito un ruolo di regolazione durante la maturazione dei frutti climaterici. Quindi, si è deciso di caratterizzare funzionalmente il gene FaSHP conducendo degli esperimenti di silenziamento e sovra-espressione transiente in frutti di fragola che sono invece non-climaterici. Il rallentamento e l’accelerazione della maturazione riscontrati nei frutti rispettivamente sotto- e sovra-esprimenti il gene, insieme alla modificata espressione di vari geni marcatori del processo di maturazione, suggeriscono che FaSHP possa essere uno dei protagonisti del network molecolare che regola la maturazione del frutto di fragola. Inoltre, l'analisi di espressione del gene in seguito ai trattamenti ormonali con auxina ed ABA (regolatori chiave per la maturazione di fragola) e l'identificazione nel promotore del gene di segnali di risposta ai due ormoni, hanno indotto ad ipotizzare che FaSHP possa fungere, almeno in parte, da mediatore nella regolazione della maturazione da parte di questi fitormoni. I dati ottenuti in questa prima parte del lavoro indicano dunque che FaSHP possa essere un master gene nella maturazione del frutto di fragola. Considerando che geni AGAMOUS-like sono espressi anche durante lo sviluppo delle strutture carnose delle Gimnosperme, e che queste ultime, come il frutto di fragola, sono dei falsi frutti, si può ipotizzare che anche nelle Gimnosperme i geni di tipo AGAMOUS abbiano un ruolo simile a quello definito per FaSHP. TM8 è invece il primo gene ad essere stato isolato nell’ambito di un gruppo di geni MADS-box ad oggi poco studiati. Andando ad analizzare la sua espressione si è osservato come i trascritti siano presenti in modo pressoché ubiquitario nella pianta, in maniera del tutto simile a quanto già definito per i geni TM8-like delle Gimnosperme. In pomodoro, tuttavia, i trascritti raggiungono un massimo nel fiore. Per far luce sul ruolo di TM8 sono state prodotte piante transgeniche che sovra-esprimono il gene e piante che invece lo sovra-esprimono nella forma di repressore trascrizionale. La presenza di stami dialitici nelle piante sovra-esprimenti TM8 ha indotto a supporre un possibile ruolo del gene nel terzo verticillo fiorale, ipotesi supportata anche dall'analisi di espressione di altri geni MADS-box di identità fiorale. Oltre alla possibile funzione durante lo sviluppo del fiore, l'analisi fenotipica e molecolare delle piante sovra-esprimenti il gene nella forma di repressore trascrizionale ha portato ad ipotizzare un possibile coinvolgimento di TM8 anche nello sviluppo di altri organi della pianta, sia vegetativi (foglia) che riproduttivi (frutto). Questa funzione del gene in varie fasi del ciclo vitale della pianta supporta l'idea che i geni di tipo TM8 siano geni antichi, originatisi precocemente durante l'evoluzione dei geni MADS-box. Inoltre, il coinvolgimento del gene TM8 di pomodoro nello sviluppo del frutto suggerisce che anche nelle Gimnosperme, dove tali geni sono espressi in modo simile nelle strutture carnose deputate alla disseminazione, essi possano intervenire durante lo sviluppo dei "frutti"
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
16

DI, VITTORI LUCIA. "Improving the sensorial and nutritional quality of strawberry fruits." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/253035.

Full text
Abstract:
Negli ultimi decenni, il consumatore è sempre più attento agli aspetti salutari della dieta, ponendo quindi particolare attenzione alla qualità generale del prodotto, dal punto di vista agronomico e commerciale fino alla qualità sensoriale e nutrizionale. Queste caratteristiche sono molto variabili tra specie differenti di fragola, ma anche all’interno di diverse cultivar appartenenti alla stessa specie. Lo scopo di questo studio triennale è stato quello di valutare e selezionare nuovi genotipi di fragola dall’elevata qualità e valore nutrizionale. I frutti di 51 genotipi di fragola derivanti da incroci interspecifici di Fragaria virginiana glauca con Fragaria x ananassa (F1), back-crossings (BC1, BC2 e BC3), varietà e selezioni di Fragaria x ananassa (Fxa) e da selezioni di Fragaria x ananassa per uso industriale (Fxa(Ind)) sono stati analizzati per parametri produttivi, sensoriali, qualitativi e nutrizionali. Nel programma di back-crossing sviluppato in questo studio, la scelta dei migliori genotipi come parentali per le varie generazioni di backcrossing (BC1, BC2 e BC3) ha permesso di ottenere nell’ultima generazione selezioni ricche di sostanze antiossidanti, ma anche con un buon recupero delle caratteristiche produttive e un miglioramento delle proprietà sensoriali rispetto alle precedenti generazioni di incrocio. A questo punto del processo di miglioramento genetico, è possibile affermare che i caratteri per l’elevata quantità di sostanze antiossidanti sono stati stabilizzati nel BC3, anche con un piccolo aumento rispetto alle popolazioni di Fragaria x ananassa e F1. La produzione in questo gruppo non è lontana dalle esigenze commerciali: con un ulteriore aumento del peso del frutto mediante reincrocio con un genitore (Fragaria x ananassa) dalle elevate performance produttive, alcuni genotipi di BC3 hanno il potenziale per diventare cultivar commerciali.
In the last few decades, the most knowledgeable consumer on the diet and its nutritional principles pays particular attention to the overall quality assessment, comprising the agronomic/commercial quality, the organoleptic quality and the nutritional quality. All those characteristics are very variable among different species, but also among different varieties within the same species. The aim of this triennial study is to select new genotypes of strawberries with high quality and nutritional value. Fruits of 51 strawberry selections from interspecific crossings of Fragaria virginiana glauca with Fragaria x ananassa (F1), back-crossings (BC1, BC2, BC3), varieties and advanced selections of Fragaria x ananassa (Fxa) and Fragaria x ananassa for industrial purpose (Ind) were analyzed for productive, sensorial, qualitative, and nutritional analyzes. In the back-crossing program developed in this study, the choice of best parental genotypes for the various backcrossing generations (BC1, BC2 and BC3) allowed to obtain in the last generation, selections rich in antioxidant substances but also with a good recovery of productive characteristics, and ameliorating sensorial properties in respect to the previous crossing generations. At this point of the breeding process, it is possible to affirm that characters for the high amount of antioxidant substances were stabilized at BC3, even with a small increase in respect to both Fragaria x ananassa and F1 populations. The production in this group is not far from commercial requirements: with further increasing of the fruit weight by backcrossing with a parent (Fragaria x ananassa) with high productive characteristics, some genotypes of BC3 have the potential to become commercial cultivars.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
17

Ibarra, Mary-Claire. "Fragile Saints." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2508.

Full text
Abstract:
FRAGILE SAINTS is a magical realist novel set in contemporary Peru. Elsa is struggling with her recent divorce and childhood memories of her family’s silk-producing farm haunt her, so when Elsa’s dying grandmother requests to see her, she visits Peru. There, Elsa learns she has inherited a country house, near the old family hacienda, which is haunted by a dark secret. Elsa is intrigued with the house, its caretakers, and her new lover Gustavo, yet she encounters disturbing ghostly visitors. The novel is written primarily from Elsa’s point of view, as she discovers her purpose, but an omniscient narrator is employed as well, taking the reader into the family’s past. Like Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s “One Hundred Years of Solitude” and Isabel Allende’s “The House of the Spirits,” FRAGILE SAINTS uses magical realism to create a family saga where ancestral mishaps and the natural world influence the present day characters, making them vulnerable and yet also indomitable.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
18

Mathew, David. "Fragile learning." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/622106.

Full text
Abstract:
A critical exploration of seven peer-reviewed published papers supports the author’s contention that learning in Higher Education is a fragile system of conscious and unconscious transactions that serve to weaken a process that is already precarious. Over the course of this essay and the accompanying papers, the submission is that learning is brittle, and easily broken. The Fragile Learner is described as someone close to conceding defeat to circumstances that threaten his education. The Fragile Learner might be a student of a Higher Education Institution, but also might be an appointed educator. Alongside notions of barriers to learning, this submission explores identities and tensions. Although some of the ideas that make up my picture of Fragile Learning have been researched by other contributors (notably Meyer and Land; Britzman), my own contribution sees the complexities through various psychoanalytic lenses. Fundamentally, it is the addition of psychoanalysis that makes Fragile Learning original. It is argued that anxiety is an important part of adult learning. Fragile Learners might experience anxieties that are internal and complex but which appear to be attacks from other people. Alternatively, Fragile Learning might be a consequence of learners having suffered illness or indisposition. It is important that something can be blamed. The themes of fragility and anxiety – not to mention the difficulties that arise from distance learning – are present throughout.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
19

Botha, Alta. "Fragile equilibriums." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28259.

Full text
Abstract:
In my art making I use paper as a primary material. I erode its materiality, perforating the surface in anticipation of whatever may be revealed, searching for new ways of seeing. What emerge are contradictory concepts: reduction and accretion. These mechanisms exist in counterpoise with one another yet the boundaries are blurred – indefinable. The fragile balances that operate within the mechanisms of power are similarly contradictory. It is here that this exploration resides, moving away from what has gone before – as Merleau-Ponty proposes above – taking an ongoing 'route', anticipating the possibility of new developments. papers from industry) and the use of repetition, my concerns are different to those of prominent Minimalist artists. I was first attracted to the visual impact of Minimalist works – and particularly intrigued by Richard Serra's black oil-stick drawings. The extreme reduction of visual and narrative means and a strong emphasis on materiality are central interests. A Minimalist approach to art making allows for reduction of 'noise' and elimination of excess. It pushes me out of my comfort zone of working in mixed media and familiar methodologies. Limitations of media intensify my focus and therefore require me to delve deeper, continuously striving to find and develop new possibilities, leading to new insights and engaging in a process of ongoing incremental unfolding. Fragile equilibriums, operating within complex processes of unconscious and conscious awareness – constantly shifting, adjusting and readjusting. Charcoal is the material that provides a strong link to my childhood place, and establishes a point of reference and departure for the narrative of this study. During my childhood our home was threatened on several occasions by fires in the koppie behind the house. These events were always strangely unifying experiences for our family − we pulled together, as a family, to keep the fires away from our house. Our successful efforts were always accompanied by a sense of achievement and elation, in contrast to the tense undercurrent that existed in our household. Somehow, we performed a balancing act − a fragile equilibrium − between holding something together, and that something falling apart. Throughout my artistic process the challenges remain: How to manipulate and exploit materials, process and formal considerations to say what I want to communicate? How does one give form to traumatic experience? My method in response is 'filtering' − the term offers collectively a concept, structure and process of production. Filtering serves as my concept from which to develop artworks. My choice of materials − charcoal as 'filter' and various kinds of paper used as both surface and support – act as a limit, a controlled framework within which to operate. These self-imposed limitations, to me, symbolically link to the limitations of women in a patriarchal society and the limiting structures and mechanisms of power. Through this body of work, I hope to create a new context and a symbolic 'place' for resistance, setting up new balances for power relations towards fulfilment − unknowing the known − and in the process a reconstitution and a reimagining of the self, embracing the unknown − the possibilities of a new known.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
20

Hussein, Sultana Muhammad School of Pathology UNSW. "Fragile X mental retardation and fragile X chromosomes in the Indonesian population." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Pathology, 1998. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/33198.

Full text
Abstract:
The Indonesian archipelago comprises more than 17,000 islands, inhabited by ~200 million people constituting more than 350 recognizable ethnic and tribal groups which can be classified into two broad ethno-linguistic groups [the Austronesian (AN) and non-Austronesian (NAN) speaking peoples] and 3 physical anthropology groups (Deutero Malay, Proto Malay and Papuan). The origins of these groups are of considerable anthropological interest. The anthropology of Indonesia is extremely complex and still controversial. The present populations of Indonesia show very great diversity. The data presented below result from an investigation of the Fragile X A syndrome and the size and distribution of alleles at fragile sites on the X chromosome among Javanese males with developmental disability (DD) and unselected males from 10 major Indonesian ethnic groups. The Fragile X syndrome is caused by expansion of a CGG trinucleotide repeat array in the 5' untranslated region of the FMR-1 gene at Xq27.3. Normal X chromosomes have between 6-54 CGG trinucleotide repeats, whereas premutation alleles have 55-230 and full mutation alleles more than 230 repeats. In a study of predominantly Caucasian males with intellectual disability, the prevalence of Fragile X syndrome is estimated to be approximately 1:4,000. FRAXE mental retardation syndrome is caused by an expansion of a GCC trinucleotide repeat in the 5'UTR of FMR2 gene located 600 kb telomeric to FMR1. The prevalence of FMR2 is 1-2 per 100,000 live births. FMR2 common alleles consist of 11-30 GGC repeats; intermediate alleles between 31-60 GCC repeats; premutation alleles with 61-200 repeats and full mutation alleles have over 200 repeats with attendant methylation of the repeat array The first Indonesian screening program aimed at determining the presence and prevalence of fragile XA syndrome among individuals with mild DD (IQ above 50) from special schools (N=205) and isolated areas (N=50) of Java was undertaken in 1994-1996 by cytogenetic and molecular studies. In this first study 4 fragile X positive children were found among 255 males with DD. The estimated prevalence of fragile-X in males with mild DD from special schools was 1.95% (5/205) and the overall prevalence was 1.57% (4/255). The number of trinucleotide repeats in the 5' untranslated regions of the FMR1 and FMR2 genes were determined by PCR in 254 Fragile XA-negative Javanese male children with DD. The distribution of FMR1 and FMR2 trinucleotide repeat alleles was found to be significantly different in the Indonesian population with DD compared to that in equivalent Caucasian populations. The trimodal distribution of Indonesian FMR1 alleles (29, 30 and 36 repeats) is largely in agreement with findings from other Asian populations). This provides supportive evidence that the origin of Indonesians could be the same as that of the Chinese and Japanese. Sequence analysis was performed on the trinucleotide repeat arrays of the 27 individuals' FMR1 alleles in the 'grey zone' (35-52 repeats). The identification of 16 unrelated individuals with a (CGG)36 allele that also contains a (CGG)6 segment [(CGG)9AGG(CGG)9AGG(CGG)6 AGG(CGG)9 or 9A9A6A9 pattern] is in agreement with earlier observations in the Japanese population. It is proposed that this FMR1 array pattern may be specific for Asian populations and that Javanese and Japanese populations may have arisen from a single progenitor population. The presence of pure 25, 33 and 34 CGGs in FMR1 alleles with 36, 44 and 45 repeats respectively, suggests that these may represent alleles at high risk for instability and may therefore be at early stages of expansion to a premutation. The lack of the characteristic (CGG)6 in all three alleles with ?? 25 pure CGG arrays suggests that the most common Asian 36 repeat allele is not predisposed to slippage expansion. Seven of the 8 alleles with 36 CGG repeats could be sequenced. Seven of 36 CGG repeats FMR1 alleles from the Hiri population has been sequenced and 4 alleles indicated 9A9A6A9 pattern, 1 sample with 10A25 pattern Two of the remaining alleles showed 12A6A6A9 structure, which consisted of a tandem duplication of the (CGG)6 segment. The presence of a tandem duplication of (CGG)6 segments has never been reported in any other population. The other major findings of this study are that FRAXE syndrome is a rare cause of developmental disability in this predominantly-Javanese population. The most common FMR2 (GCC)20 allele in this selected Asian population is significantly longer than that previously reported for Caucasian populations. There was a weak correlation between the overall length of the FMR1 and FMR2 repeat arrays within the normal range (Spearman's Rank Correlation = 0.130, p-value=0.042) in the Indonesian population, which have been no previous associations reported for alleles within the normal range. One approach to studying the origins of the human populations is to study the genetic structure of polymorphic alleles such as those at the FMR1 locus and its linked microsatellite markers DXS548 and FRAXAC1. Length polymorphisms of the FMR1 gene (CGG)n repeat array, DXS548 and FRAXAC1 were studied in a total of 1,008 unselected males from 10 different Indonesian ethnic groups. FMR1 alleles were identified ranging from 8 to 57 CGG repeats. The most common CGG repeat allele was 29 (45.6%) followed by 30 (27.4%) and 36 repeats (8.0%). One hundred and forty four grey zone (3-52 CGG) alleles were found in the study population. Four people of the same ethnic group from an isolated island in Eastern Indonesia (Hiri, Ternate), a representative of the NAN ethnolinguistic group, had CGG repeat lengths of 55-57. The prevalence of these alleles is estimated to be 3.3% (4/120) in the population of Hiri or 0.4% (4/1008) of whole Indonesian population. Thirteen different alleles were found at the DXS548 locus, of which allele numbers 7 [194 bp] (44.1%), 6.5 [195bp] (43.5%) and 6 [196bp] (7.5%) are the most common. Seven rare alleles, some of which have not been previously found in Asian peoples were also identified (190, 191,192, 193, 197,198, 199, 202, 204 and 206) and accounted for 3.9% of the total. The odd number alleles were dominantly found in this study whereas almost none found in Caucasian. The finding of many "odd numbered" alleles DXS548 has never been found in other Asian population and has only been documented extremely rarely in Caucasians and Africans. Five different alleles of FRAXAC1 identified with alleles D [106 bp] (62.2%) and C [108bp] (35.6%) accounting for 97.8% of FRAXAC1 alleles in the population. Three rare alleles (104, 110, 112 bp = 2.2%) were identified that have not been previously found in other Asian populations (1-3). There is a striking linkage disequilibrium of FMR1 alleles with FRAXAC1 (p=0.0001), 88% of 29 (CGG)n repeats alleles associated with FRAXAC1 allele D (106bp) versus only 17% with the 30 (CGG)n repeat alleles, which is in agreement with other studies. The value of D' was calculated to be 0.7. The longer alleles of both DXS548 and FRAXAC1 were found mostly in the NAN ethnolinguistic group. Moreover the Irian Jaya people also showed a higher percentage of people with 30 CGG repeats and the 108 bp FRAXAC1. The Eastern Indonesian NAN groups demonstrate a different genetic background probably due to the contribution of Melanesian peoples. The Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) identified that the vast majority of genetic diversity occurs within, rather than between, ethnic groups. These data are consistent with a model where there is sufficient migration (~20 per generation) between populations to minimise differentiation of population through genetic drift. The results obtained are consistent with three clusters of populations that share similar allele frequencies at the fragile X locus. The most clearly defined cluster is based in the east of Indonesia and includes the two Irian populations, Minahasans and Hiri. A surprising finding was that the Minahasan who are Deutero-Malay in origin and physical appearance are genetically closer to the Irianese. This may reflect the admixture of Melanesian alleles or other eastern Indonesian alleles as a result of their geographic location in that part of Indonesia. The second major cluster is largely based in the west of the country and is composed of the following Deutero-Malay populations; Javanese, Balinese, Acehnese but which also includes people from Ternate (not including those from Hiri). Using Delta Mu and Nei's genetic distance for FMR1 locus in this study the Javanese were shown to have the closest distance to Balinese which is consistent with anthropological data and with published data. The third group is a "western and central" group composed of Bimanese, Dayak and Sundanese who share some features of the western and eastern clusters but mostly resemble the western Indonesian populations. Bima is located in the lesser Sunda in between west Indonesia and east Indonesia. The Bimanese are of mixed Deutero & Proto Malay origin that is consistent with their geographic location. The Bataks are distinctive and sit somewhat apart in this scheme. In this study, Bataks were found not to resemble the other Proto-Malay group studied (the Dayak). The Dayaks were found to have fewer alleles than the Bataks at FRAXAC1 and DXS548. In all four methods of calculating genetic distance Bataks showed a large genetic distance to almost all other ethnic groups. There are differences in allele frequency between east and west Indonesia as well as other Asian nations, but the genetic similarities between these groups are also very impressive. The findings from this study are consistent with other genetic anthropological evidence that the people of Indonesia have the same origin as North-east Asian groups. This model is referred to as the "express train from Taiwan" in which the Austronesian speakers are proposed to have radiated from Taiwan bringing the Malayo-Polynesian language group to the Philippines, Borneo and Sulawesi around 5000-4500 B.P.E. However Richards et al.(1998) have used the diversity in the mtDNA D Loop to propose an alternative to the "express train" model. The "two train7quot; model proposes that the Austronesian languages originated within eastern Indonesia during the Pleistocene era and spread through Melanesia and into the remote Pacific within the past 6,000 years. Unfortunately the high migration rates between population groups that were demonstrated in this thesis and the known migration patterns of populations through Indonesia preclude determining whether the observed allelic heterogeneity is a function of the original population or due to the admixture of several gene pools in more recent times.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
21

Fonseca, Rosalina. "Remembering makes memories fragile." Diss., lmu, 2004. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-34894.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
22

Asgarifard, Aniran. "Static Machines, Fragile Loads." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71804.

Full text
Abstract:
Ramps are usually perceived as utilitarian objects emerging from standardized guidelines for architecture and landscape architecture. But closer examination reveals they can be quite beautiful and poetic. What we commonly call ramps, Galileo referred to as inclined planes, counting them as one of six classical simple machines in Le Meccaniche (On Mechanics) . Because inclined planes are actually static machines that do not require any energy to run. They do not discriminate among users. This thesis explores the work of the ramp in moving fragile loads, such as human beings.
Master of Landscape Architecture
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
23

Engelhardt, Marie von. "Dealing with fragile states." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Juristische Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17426.

Full text
Abstract:
Das politische Phänomen ‚fragiler Staaten’ betrifft die Grundfesten des Völkerrechts, und hat dennoch wenig Beachtung in der Rechtswissenschaft gefunden. Staaten, die formal rechtlich anerkannt sind, aber faktisch kaum in der Lage sind, grundlegende staatliche Funktionen auszuüben, beeinträchtigen Funktion und Effektivität der Völkerrechtsordnung. Die Völkerrechtsordnung hängt entscheidend von der Existenz einer effektiven Regierung ab, die zumindest in der Lage ist, Rechte und Pflichten auszuüben und an den internationalen Beziehungen teilzunehmen. In der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit beispielsweise ist die Existenz eines Staates mit rechtlich anerkannter und faktisch handlungsfähiger Regierung eine Grundvoraussetzung für den Transfer finanzieller Ressourcen. Diese Arbeit zeigt mit Blick auf Recht und Praxis der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit, dass ‚fragile Staaten’ zwar kein rechtliches Phänomen sind, aber der Umgang von Internationalen Organisationen mit den Herausforderungen fragiler Staatlichkeit durchaus von rechtlicher Relevanz ist. Sie untersucht die formellen und informellen Regeln, die Entwicklungsorganisationen wie die Weltbank für den Umgang mit Staaten mit kaum handlungsfähiger Regierung erlassen haben. Das Resultat ist eine kritische Analyse des sozial konstruierten Phänomens und seiner folgenreichen Übersetzung in rechtliche Regularien.
The political phenomenon of ‘fragile states’ concerns international law’s very foundations, and has yet received little attention from legal scholarship. States that have the legal status of states, but are in fact unable to fulfill even the most basic functions, pose a fundamental problem to the functioning and effectiveness of the international legal order. It crucially depends on the existence of governments with the minimum level of capacity necessary to exercise rights and obligations, and to partake in international cooperation. In development cooperation, for instance, the existence of a state with an authorized and competent government is a basic condition for the transfer of financial assistance. This study looks at the law and practice of development cooperation to show that ‘fragile states’ are a phenomenon beyond law, but how international organizations have addressed the challenges of engaging with fragile states may well be of legal significance. It analyzes the formal and informal rules that development organizations – the World Bank, and a range of regional organizations – have adopted to address the lack or severe limitation of government effectiveness in certain countries. The result is a critical analysis of the discourse on fragile states, and how it has shaped the rule-making activities of international organizations.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
24

Ben, Haj Farhat Karim. "Fragilisation des zones humides du Sahel tunisien : de la centuriation aux nouvelles formes paysagères, Sebkhat El Kelbia-Sousse." Thesis, Nice, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NICE2011.

Full text
Abstract:
La conservation des zones fragiles est désormais considérée comme étant une mesure urgente à mettre en œuvre pour les stratégies nationales et intergouvernementales. Ce travail essaye d’entreprendre une approche progressive permettant de contempler une zone humide typique « Sebkhat El Kelbia ». Plusieurs lignes de recherches sont adoptées. La première se consacre à la délimitation des principaux déterminants naturels responsables de la construction paysagère de cette zone. La deuxième concerne des lectures paysagères permettant de révéler les éléments de réversibilité et d’irréversibilité des paysages. Alors que la troisième ligne de recherche met en évidence l’existence de véritables vestiges de centuriation qui couronnent la sebkha. Une recherche analytique basée sur plusieurs outils transdisciplinaires, notamment la carto-interprétation, les délimitations de zonages naturels et paysagers, la restitution archéo-paysagère démontre l’importance de la zone d’étude sur les plans écologiques, patrimonial et de ses véritables potentialités paysagères. La caractérisation des entités paysagères met en exergue la présence, dans la région du Sahel tunisien, des faciès plutôt du type « vase d’eau » et d’autres faciès du type « parcelle en mutation irréversible ». Le premier peut atteindre jusqu’à 80 % du territoire en année humide et seulement une occupation rétrécie à 10 % en année sèche. Notons, que le faciès agraire de la zone d’étude est typique comme le prouve sa traçabilité à partir de la centuriation, où des usages patrimoniaux laissent présager des savoirs faires antiques en termes de maitrise des sols, de l’eau et du végétal. L’analyse de ce territoire considéré à tort « marginal » montre que les différentes interventions (politique, forestière et agraire) interagissent entre elles et agissent d’une façon directe sur les formes de paysages et constituent un passage obligé pour toute planification et/ou une réorganisation territoriale. Des paramètres de géomédiation paysagiste sont aussi proposés, et qui s’articulent sur la densification de la végétalisation du type halophyte et fourragère en rapport avec les applications paysannes de la région. L’implication de la gestion différentielle du type hybride « arridiculture - agri-loisir d’une zone humide » sera une autre ressource pour la valorisation des territoires menacés
Conservation of sensitive areas is now seen as an urgent measure to implement national strategies and intergovernmental organizations. This paper seeks to undertake a phased approach to contemplate a wetland typical “Sebkhat El Kelbia”. Several lines of research are adopted. The first is devoted to the delineation of the major determinants responsible for building natural landscape of this area. The second relates readings landscape to reveal elements of reversibility and irreversibility landscapes. While the third line of research highlights the existence of genuine remains of centuriation crowning the sabkha. Analytical research tools based on several transdisciplinary, including cartographic interpretation, zoning boundaries and natural landscape, restitution archaeological landscape demonstrates the importance of the study area in terms ecological heritage and its true potential landscape. Characterization of landscape entities highlights the presence in the Sahel region of Tunisia, facies rather like "water tank" and other facies type "plot irreversible change." The first can achieve up to 80% of the land in a wet year and only one occupation narrowed to 10% in a dry year. Note that the agrarian facies in the study area is typical as evidenced by its traceability from centuriation which uses proprietary suggest knowledge in terms of faires ancient masters of the soil, water and vegetation. The analysis of this territory wrongly considered "marginal" shows that different interventions (policy, forest and land) interact and act in a way direct forms of landscapes and are a must for any planning and / or a territorial reorganization. Geomediation landscape settings are also available, which are based on the densification of the halophyte vegetation type and feed applications in connection with farming in the region. The implication of the differential management of hybrid "arridiculture - agri-leisure of a wetland" is another resource for the recovery of threatened areas
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
25

Tu, Ronghui. "Semi-fragile digital audio watermarking." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26432.

Full text
Abstract:
The digital information has brought many changes to our life in recent decades. With the rapid growth of digital information, a lot of new techniques are coming into being. Digital watermarking is one of them. This thesis presents a semi-fragile audio watermarking scheme which can be applied to content authentication or copyright verification. The major contribution of this thesis is the introduction and implementation of a unified copyright verification and content authentication algorithm for audio signal. In our approach, we embed the watermark in the discrete wavelet domain of an audio by using quantization technique. The discrete wavelet domain has both the spatial and frequency information which make it possible to detect various modifications. The advantage of using quantization technique is that we could extract the watermark without using original audio. In the procedure of watermark extraction, some signal processing operations may change the length of testing audio. We employ a matching filter to locate the start point of the watermark. This filter can be generated during the embedding procedure. The cost of the filter is very small. We conduct several experiments for evaluating the performance of this new watermarking technique on both of two applications---content authentication and copyright verification. Our experimental results show that this scheme is robust to mp3 compression, additive noise, and filtering attacks. At the same time, the embedded watermark can also be used to check whether the audio content has been modified or not. If the audio is determined to be modified, an assistant program can be invoked to find out where the modification is.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
26

Merriman, Carolyn S. "Parenting the Medically Fragile Child." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8422.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
27

Siddik, Adi Wijaya. "Build the fragile economy kingdom." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2011. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/10232.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
28

Reese, Venus Opal. "Something fragile: a project proposal." The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1392301054.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
29

Quinton-Tulloch, Mark. "Fragile robustness : principles and practice." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/fragile-robustness-principles-and-practice(22e10f3e-4f0d-4089-8a8b-58454f606ab3).html.

Full text
Abstract:
Selective robustness is a key feature of biochemical networks, conferring a fitness benefit to organisms living in dynamic environments. The (in-)sensitivity of a network to external perturbations results from the interaction between network dynamics, design, and enzyme kinetics. In this work, we focus on the subtle interplay between robustness and fragility. We describe a quantitative method for defining the fragility and robustness of system fluxes and metabolite concentrations to perturbations in enzyme activity. We find that for many mathematical models of metabolic pathways, the robustness is captured by a broad distribution of the robustness coefficients and demonstrate that, unlike fragility, robustness is not a conserved process. Using a combination of existing in silico models and novel sets of models, designed to allow specific network features of interest to be studied in isolation, we examine the effect of various network properties on the robustness of such pathways. We discuss the question of how to measure, in a meaningful way, the robustness of a pathway as a whole, defining several summary metrics which, in combination, can be used to compare the robustness of different pathways. We show that networking increases robustness, but that robustness is affected differently by varying aspects of complexity. The effect of system control loops on robustness is analysed and we find that, in general, the addition of such regulation increases pathway robustness. The evolution of flux robustness is also examined. We show that robustness in metabolic pathways is unlikely to simply be a by-product of selection for other pathway traits, highlighting several trade-offs that result from the evolution of robust systems. Finally, we extend our definition of robustness, defining robustness coefficients for cellular properties other than flux or metabolite concentration, and to perturbations other than changes in enzyme activity. Using the effect of benzoic acid on glycolysis as a case study, we show how such robustness coefficients can be used to give novel insights from experimental data.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
30

Schäfer, Guido. "Worst case instances are fragile." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB11312752.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
31

Khayachi, Anouar. "Rôles fonctionnels de la SUMOylation de FMRP « Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein »." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4031.

Full text
Abstract:
Le syndrome de l’X-fragile est la forme la plus fréquente de déficience intellectuelle héréditaire liée au chromosome X. Cette maladie résulte de la mutation du gène FMR1 localisé sur le chromosome X. La protéine correspondante, FMRP, est absente chez les patients atteints de la maladie. Il faut noter ici qu’il existe un modèle murin mimant la pathologie humaine. Ainsi dans ces animaux qui n’expriment pas la protéine FMRP, les neurones présentent des anomalies architecturales de la synapse entraînant d’importants dysfonctionnements dans la transmission et la plasticité synaptique qui sont à l’origine des déficits intellectuels observés chez les patients atteints du syndrome de l’X-fragile. FMRP joue donc un rôle majeur dans la genèse et la maturation des épines dendritiques. Une des fonctions de FMRP est de lier de nombreux ARNm, de les transporter et d’inhiber leur traduction jusqu’à la synapse. Pour accomplir ses fonctions, FMRP interagit avec de nombreux partenaires cellulaires et ses interactions sont finement régulées par différentes modifications post-traductionnelles. Nous avons montré in vivo que la protéine FMRP est un substrat d’une nouvelle modification, la sumoylation. Nous avons également montré que la sumoylation de FMRP est impliquée dans le maintien de l’architecture synaptique et participe à la régulation de la transmission synaptique. Et enfin, nous avons montré que la sumoylation de FMRP permet sa dissociation avec ses partenaires protéiques au sein des complexes ribonucléoprotéiques se trouvant à la base des épines dendritiques. Les ARNm réprimés par FMRP au sein de ces complexes sont ainsi libérés puis traduits
Fragile X Syndrome is the most frequent inherited cause of intellectual disability in children and is caused by the lack of the mRNA-binding Fragile-X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP) expression. FMRP plays a role in the activity-dependent targeting and translation of specific mRNAs in dendrites. The absence of FMRP expression in neurons leads to an abnormal neuronal morphology with increased spine length and density. FMRP is therefore playing key roles both in neuronal development and synaptic plasticity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the functional regulation of FMRP-mediated mRNA trafficking, translation and subsequent protein synthesis are still largely unknown. My host laboratory has recently discovered that FMRP is sumoylated in vivo. Sumoylation is a post-translational modification that consists in the covalent conjugation of the protein SUMO to specific lysine residues of target proteins. To start unraveling the functional consequences of FMRP sumoylation, I studied first the spine morphology of the WT and FMRP Knock Out mice that recapitulated the human disease. Morphological analysis of fmr1-KO neurons transfected with the WT form of FMRP restores the correct mature spine morphology whereas the non-sumoylatable protein failed to do so. Moreover the non-sumoylatable form of FMRP acts as a dominant negative on WT neurons so confirming the important role of FMRP sumoylation in its function. We report here that FMRP sumoylation is required for the control of spine morphology
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
32

Ben, Salem Ghassen. "Rupture fragile des liaisons bimétalliques en acier inoxydable dans le haut de la transition fragile-ductile." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLC044/document.

Full text
Abstract:
Les liaisons bimétalliques en acier inoxydable (LBM inox) permettent, au sein des réacteurs nucléaires français actuels, de connecter les gros composants en acier ferritique faiblement allié (cuve, pressuriseur, générateur de vapeur) à la tuyauterie du circuit primaire en acier austénitique inoxydable. De par leurs microstructure et propriétés mécaniques hétérogènes, ces liaisons sont des zones dites "sensibles" pour l'intégrité des structures et il est donc indispensable de caractériser leur tenue mécanique dans les situations de fonctionnement nominal et accidentelles. Ce travail de thèse a pour objectif d'évaluer le risque d'amorçage fragile de la LBM inox dans le haut de la transition fragile-ductile à l'aide d'un critère adapté. Les microstructures au voisinage de l'interface entre l'acier ferritique et le beurrage austénitique ont tout d’abord été caractérisées, et un liseré martensitique d’épaisseur variable ainsi qu’une couche entièrement austénitique ont été observés. Ces deux couches, qui sont le siège d’une intense précipitation de carbures pendant le traitement thermique de détensionnement, forment ensemble une couche dure de martensite et d’austénite carburées potentiellement fragile. Le comportement mécanique de l’ensemble de la LBM inox a ensuite été étudié à 20°C et à -175°C, et des lois de comportement élasto-plastiques isotropes ont été identifiées pour les différentes couches macroscopiques à partir d’essais de traction sur des éprouvettes multi-matériaux travers-joint à diamètre variable. Le comportement mécanique de la couche dure a, quant à lui, été caractérisé à partir d’essais in-situ sur des micro-éprouvettes usinées au FIB et testées à l’aide d’une micro-machine de traction développée dans cette thèse. Une étude des mécanismes de rupture de la LBM inox dans le domaine de la transition fragile-ductile a par ailleurs été réalisée à partir d’essais sur éprouvettes CT et a mis en évidence une fragilité de l’interface MA (entre martensite et austénite) liée à un mécanisme de rupture intergranulaire amorcée sur les carbures et systématiquement activé pour des fronts de préfissure traversant la couche dure. Une modélisation par éléments finis des essais a permis d’analyser les champs de contrainte sur l’interface MA et d’identifier un modèle de Weibull linéique à 3 paramètres basé sur une contrainte seuil et une distance seuil pour les éprouvettes CT. Finalement, l’effet du vieillissement thermique sur les LBM inox a été étudié à partir d’un traitement thermique de 10 000h à 400°C et un durcissement des couches austénitiques résultant d’un mécanisme de décomposition spinodale de la ferrite résiduelle a été mis en évidence à partir d’essais de traction. L’analyse des mécanismes de rupture à l’état vieilli a également montré que ce durcissement provoque une augmentation d’environ 30°C de la température de transition associée à la rupture intergranulaire de l’interface MA
Stainless steel dissimilar metal welds (SS DMW) are widely used within the French nuclear power plants where they connect the main components (pressure vessel, pressurisor, steam generator) made of low-alloy ferritic steel to the primary circuit pipes made of austenitic stainless steel. Because of their heterogeneous microstructure and mechanical properties, these junctions are critical components for the structure integrity and their fracture resistance has to be demonstrated for all the nominal or accidental operating conditions. This PhD work aims at building a model to evaluate the risk of brittle fracture of the SS DMW in the upper shelf of the brittle-to-ductile transition range. The observation of the microstructures around the fusion line revealed a martensitic layer and a fully austenitic zone, which undergo an important carbides precipitation during the post-weld heat treatment and form a narrow hard layer of carburized martensite and austenite. The mechanical behavior of the SS DMW was then characterized at 20°C and -175°C and isotropic elastoplastic constitutive laws were determined for each macro/mesoscopic layer of the weld from tensile tests on crossweld specimens with variable diameters. The mechanical behavior of the narrow hard layer was also studied with micro tensile tests on specimens extracted by FIB micro processing and tested using an in-situ tensile testing device developed during the PhD. Furthermore, fracture toughness tests were carried out on CT specimens in the brittle-to-ductile temperature range and helped identify the MA interface (between martensite and austenite) as the weakest region in the SS DMW because of an intergranular fracture mechanism initiated at the carbides-rich interface. This mechanism was consistently observed for specimens with fatigue precrack fronts in the hard layer. The stress distributions on the MA interface calculated from the FE numerical simulation of these tests were then analysed and a 1D 3 parameters Weibull model based on a threshold stress and a threshold length was identified for the CT specimens. Finally, the effect of thermal ageing on the SS DMW was explored with a thermal ageing treatment of 10000h at 400°C and a hardening of the austenitic layers was measured by tensile tests and was associated to a spinodal decomposition mechanism of the residual ferrite. The fracture mechanisms of the SS DMW were also analysed in the aged state and showed that this hardening caused an increase of the transition temperature associated with the intergranular fracture of the MA interface by about 30°C
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
33

Ranieri, Marta <1979&gt. "Aspetti qualitativi e nutraceutici di fragole appena raccolte e dopo frigoconservazione." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3965/1/RANIERI_MARTA_tesi.pdf.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
34

Ranieri, Marta <1979&gt. "Aspetti qualitativi e nutraceutici di fragole appena raccolte e dopo frigoconservazione." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3965/.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
35

Yu, Sui. "Molecular basis of fragile X syndrome /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phy937.pdf.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
36

Eibl, Stefan. "The highly fragile glass former decalin." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112287.

Full text
Abstract:
La fragilité est un paramètre caractérisant des systèmes à la transition vitreuse. Des aspects structurels et dynamiques du système hautement fragile Decalin ont été étudiés. Trans Decalin montre une conformation quasi-plate, pendent que cis Decalin change dynamiquement entre deux états quasi sphériques. Trans Decalin cristallise très rapidement, et sa structure cristalline pouvait être déterminée. À partir de la structure cristalline la dynamique du trans Decalin crystal pouvait être calculée en utilisant des calculs d'énergie ab-initio et comparé aux expériences. Avec des expériences de diffraction de neutrons et des calculs de dynamique moléculaire la structure amorphe de Decalin a été sondée. La différence entre Decalin et le liquide moléculaire ordinaire Cumene est prononcé. La structure de la cis Decalin quasi-sphérique est très similaire aux structures des verres métalliques ou d'Argon. La dynamique de Decalin dans le domaine légèrement surfondu a été sondée en utilisant de la diffraction inélastique de neutrons et de la spectroscopie optique. Des données d'une grande gamme spectrale et plusieurs températures ont été rassemblées. Les données suggèrent une fragilité élevée pour le mix générique de Decalin, qui est en accord avec la littérature. Contrairement à une estimation antérieure une extrapolation des données vers basses températures suggère montre une fragilité de cis Decalin similaire à celle de la mixture. Finalement une limite inférieure à la susceptibilité à 4 points Chi4 pouvait être calculée et le nombre des molécules corrélées extrait. L'évolution de cette grandeur avec Tg /T et temps de relaxation est en accord avec la littérature
Systems exhibiting the glass transition can be classified by fragility. In this work we studied structural and dynamical aspects of highly fragile C10 H18 Decalin. Trans Decalin is locked into a pseudo-flat centrosymmetric conformation, while cis Decalin interchanges dynamically between chiral, pseudospherical ground states. On investigation of the phase behaviour trans Decalin was found to crystallise rapidly and cleanly; its crystal structure could be determined. From the crystal structure the dynamics of crystalline trans Decalin could be calculated using ab-initio lattice energy calculations and compared to measurements. Using neutron diffraction and mol. Dynamics simulations the amorphous structure of Decalin was investigated. The difference in structure to the common molecular liquid Cumene is significant. The features of the amorphous structure of sphere-like cis Decalin show strong resemblance to the ones of Argon and metallic glasses. The dynamics of Decalin were investigated in the slightly supercooled liquid range. Using neutron scattering and optical spectroscopy, data was collected for a wide spectral range and several temperatures. The data suggests high fragility for the generic Decalin mix, which is in agreement with reported results. By contrast to previous estimations, an extrapolation of our data indicates cis Decalin to be only slightly less fragile than the generic mixture. Finally a lower limit to the four point susceptibility function chi4 could be calculated and the number of correlated molecules determined. The evolution of this value as a function of Tg /T and relaxation time are in agreement with literatur
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
37

Tremblay, Suzanne. "Titre de la communication : fragile argile." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1989. http://theses.uqac.ca.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
38

Lucerna, Elena <1988&gt. "Jeff Buckley: L'anima fragile del rock." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/1836.

Full text
Abstract:
La tesi riguarda la vita e la musica di Jeff Buckley, cantante e musicista rock degli anni '90. Il lavoro tratta dello sviluppo della carriera di Buckley, inserita all'interno del contesto musicale dell'epoca, sottolineando le sue caratteristiche di cantante ed interprete musicalmente colto ed eclettico. La tesi presenta inoltre l'analisi dei testi e della musica dei brani dell'artista.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
39

McEwan, Andrew. "Poetic play communities : bpNichol’s Fraggle Rock screenplays." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/50180.

Full text
Abstract:
This thesis analyzes the screenplays written by Canadian experimental poet bpNichol for the Jim Henson produced children’s television program Fraggle Rock between 1982 and 1986. Nichol’s Fraggle Rock writing represents a moment in his multi-genre oeuvre at which to observe his poetics and creative philosophies on display in a popular cultural setting. The ludic poetics exhibited in both the form and narratives of the screenplays display the ways in which playful engagement with language may create interactive communities of play. Through shared attitudes towards language, language games, nonsense, and absurdity, play and play communities emerge as a preoccupation of Nichol’s work within the Fraggle Rock narrative constraints, and links them with his poetry and poetics. To explore Nichol’s specific figuring of play, this thesis surveys theories of play from diverse theoretical backgrounds to develop a ludic model based in player-to-player relationships and communication. It also analyzes canonical treatments of play to mark off the concerns of the current study, and address the ambiguities of the term. Nichol’s Fraggle Rock screenplays employ song, language, and poetry as forms of community experience and engagement that foster play relationships, and allow individuals to collectively manipulate the forms of their communication. These language games and language play constitute the Fraggle world of Nichol’s episodes and highlight the play community as a paracosm based in shared manipulation of communicative conventions. Further, this thesis analyzes the ”pataphysical elements of the Fraggle Rock play community in Nichol’s episodes, and how these provide a playfully creative and critical angle with which to view the normative “human” world.
Arts, Faculty of
English, Department of
Graduate
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
40

Qin, Haiyan R. "Fragile tumor suppressors dissection of signal pathways /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1179879467.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
41

Bakker-van, Kempen Katharina Elisabeth. "Mouse models for the fragile X syndrome." [S.l.] : Rotterdam : [The Author] ; Erasmus University [Host], 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/12094.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
42

Wang, Qin. "Molecular genetic analysis of fragile X syndrome." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284140.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
43

Ennis, Sarah. "Genetic epidemiology of the fragile X region." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273869.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
44

Echalier, Bruno. "Transition ductile-fragile d'un polyamide 11 plastifié." Compiègne, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989COMPD182.

Full text
Abstract:
On étudie, en fonction de la température et de la vitesse de déformation, les conditions sous lesquelles se produit une rupture fragile d'éprouvettes entaillées, injectées en polyamide 11 plastifié. On discute des relations entre viscoélasticité et rupture puis on étudie la phénoménologie de la rupture par une observation détaillée des facies de rupture. On met en évidence un mode d'endommagement particulier : craze à fibrilles interconnectées de très grande dimension. On montre que la transition ductile-fragile est liée à l'apparition de cavités nuclées en tête de fissure. On démontre, par une analyse élastoplastique locale que l'apparition des cavités est gouvernée par l'émergence, en tête de fissure, d'un champ de contrainte hydrostatique. Deux approches différentes permettent de décrire avec précision la géométrie du fond de fissure, observée expérimentalement sous contrainte: approche locale et approche globale menée par l'intégrale de rice. On étudie également les effets de la géométrie sur la transition en analysant les effets de confinement en tête de fissure.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
45

Qin, Haiyan. "Fragile tumor suppressors: dissection of signal pathways." The Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1179879467.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
46

Mankowski, Jean Boswell Simeonsson Rune J. Hatton Deborah Dominey. "Mood, anxiety, and stress in mothers of children with Fragile X syndrome, autism, and Fragile X syndrome and autism." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,772.

Full text
Abstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Dec. 18, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Education (School Psychology)." Discipline: Education; Department/School: Education.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
47

Caselli, Laura. "Studio delle proprietà chimico-fisiche di fragole essiccate arricchite con succo di mirtillo." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15893/.

Full text
Abstract:
Nel presente studio è stato utilizzato succo di mirtillo a tre diverse concentrazioni zuccherine (10, 30, 50% di saccarosio) per arricchire le fragole mediante impregnazione sottovuoto, al fine di ottenere un prodotto nutrizionalmente fortificato, e successivamente sottoposte al trattamento di essiccamento ad aria alle condizioni di 40°C per 24 ore, per stabilizzare il prodotto e prolungarne la shelf-life. È stata valutata l’influenza di questi trattamenti su alcune caratteristiche chimico-fisiche delle fragole, in termini di variazione della sostanza secca, attività dell’acqua, variazione di peso, colore, texture, contenuto in polifenoli, attività antiossidante e caratteristiche sensoriali. I risultati hanno mostrato che entrambi i trattamenti, in particolare l’impregnazione, hanno contribuito in maniera significativa all’incremento del contenuto in polifenoli e attività antiossidante dei campioni trattati, ciò riconducibile all’elevato potere antiossidante dei composti bioattivi di cui è costituito il succo di mirtillo. Le analisi colorimetriche hanno evidenziato una diminuzione di luminosità, indice di rosso, indice di giallo e tinta in tutti i campioni esaminati, dovuto all’impregnazione con succo di mirtillo. I parametri di durezza e rigidità dei campioni impregnati e di quelli impregnati e successivamente essiccati sono risultati inferiori rispetto a quelli del campione di controllo, probabilmente a causa delle deformazioni strutturali dovute al trattamento di impregnazione. Il trattamento di essiccamento ha promosso una diminuzione di attività dell’acqua, tuttavia non consente di ottenere prodotti del tutto stabili microbiologicamente. Perciò, sono necessari ulteriori studi al fine di ottimizzare i processi di trasformazione per l’ottenimento di un prodotto a base di fragola e succo di mirtillo che presenti una sufficiente stabilità nel tempo, aspetto che dovrà poi essere verificato attraverso specifici studi di shelf-life.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
48

Hemmingsen, Amanda Heather. "Phylogenetic placement and population genetic analysis of the endangered winged mapleleaf, Quadrula fragosa." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
49

Hild, François. "De la rupture des materiaux à comportement fragile." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 1992. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00460367.

Full text
Abstract:
La rupture des matériaux à comportement fragile est causée par la présence de défauts initiaux. Ces derniers conduisent à une rupture brutale dans le cas de composés monolithiques. Dans le cas de céramiques renforcées par des fibres, la rupture finale est le résultat d'un processus de fragmentation progressive des fibres. Des essais ont été effectués sur deux céramiques monolithiques et sur des bétons. Ils ont pour but d'étudier l'influence du type de sollicitation et de la distribution initiale de défauts sur la contrainte de rupture. Une première approche de prévision de la probabilité cumulée de rupture est présentée. Elle tient compte explicitement de la présence des défauts, modélisés par une valeur initiale d'une variable scalaire d'endommagement, dans le calcul du champ de contrainte. Une seconde approche, qui néglige les interactions entre défauts ainsi que leur influence sur le champ de contrainte macroscopique, est ensuite introduite. Elle permet un traitement analytique de l'expression de la probabilité cumulée de rupture en fonction de la distribution initiale de défauts. Une implémentation en tant que postprocesseur de code E.F. est ainsi possible. Elle peut également être étendue à des sollicitations cycliques. Enfin, toutes ces notions peuvent conduire in fine à l'élaboration d'une loi d'endommagement anisotrope de céramiques renforcées par des fibres. La condition de rupture fondée sur un critère de localisation conduit à une estimation de l'endommagement critique en fonction du module de Weibull.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
50

Suthers, Graeme Kemble. "The human gene map near the fragile X /." Title page, table of contents and summary only, 1990. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phs966.pdf.

Full text
Abstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Dept. of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Adelaide, 1991.
Typescript (Photocopy). Includes published papers co-authored by the author at the end of volume 2. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 195-237 of vol. 1).
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography