Relevant bibliographies by topics / Frame with filler

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Frame with filler'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 15 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Frame with filler"

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Zhai, Shuainan, Zuyin Zou, Zhanyuan Zhu, et al. "Experimental Study on the Seismic Performance of a Partition Damped Wall-Filled Frame Structure." Shock and Vibration 2019 (November 23, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9108784.

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In the past, earthquakes have caused significant damage to traditional masonry filler wall frame structures. To solve this problem, a new design scheme, the partition damping filler wall, is proposed in this paper to reduce the interaction between the filler wall and the frame structure. Low cyclic loading tests are carried out on the traditional and the new masonry filler wall frames. Besides, one full-scale-angled span layer frame without a filler wall is produced for comparison analysis. The mechanical performances of the different frames are studied, including the characteristics of the deformation failure modes, hysteretic curves, skeleton curves, rigidity degeneration, energy dissipation capacity, and the lateral displacement of the frame columns. The research results show that the partition damping filler wall can significantly decrease the diagonal bracing effect of the filler wall on the steel frame. Meanwhile, the setting of the low-strength mortar between the filler wall and steel frame and the arrangement of the damping layer can improve the stress distribution and delay the crack development of the wall. Furthermore, the stiffness degradation rate of the partition damping filler wall is obviously slower than that of the traditional masonry filler wall frame structure. In this paper, the partition damped wall-filled frame structure shows outstanding ductility and deformation capacity.
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Wen, Yang, and Cong Li. "Contrastive Analysis of the Mechanics Behavior of Concrete-Filled Rectangular Steel Tube Frame Structure with Filler Wall." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 5182–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.5182.

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Through the Quasi-Static test on two specimens of CFRST frame (KJ)and two specimens of CFRST frame with filler walls(TKJ) in horizontal load, the paper analyses the hysteretic curves of two structures contrastively, ductility, strength and stiffness degradation, consumption energy capacity, failure mechanism and failure characteristics, and also analyses the influence of various parameters on the seismic performance and the mechanical properties. The results show that the filler walls increase the stiffness of the structure, and especially in the early loading it is more significant. It is obvious to reduce the p-Δ effect of the column at the normal using stage. The deformability of frame without filler wall is greater than that of frame with filler wall. But the damage process of frame with filler wall is a flat curve, and it meets the demand of ductile frame. Through the hysteretic curve we can know that the dissipative energy capacity of frame without filler wall is good in contrast with that of frame with filler wall. Then the ductility factor of CFRST frame with filler wall is greater than that of RC frame with filler wall. So we can conclude that the CFRST frame has wonderful superiority on bearing capability, seismic behavior and effective use of material.
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Gu, Song, Zhi Zheng, Xiao Lei Chang, Zong Kai Wang, Zhou Ming Liao, and Zhou Xian Liao. "Interaction Analysis of Infilled Frame Structures under Lateral Loads." Applied Mechanics and Materials 578-579 (July 2014): 559–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.578-579.559.

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Filler stiffness and confinement effect on the frame structure under horizontal loads, making the earthquake severely damaged in recent years with filler frame structure. Research shows that the actual stiffness frame structure with infill walls and internal force distribution and pure framework significantly different. In this paper, the equivalent model analysis bracing frame structure filler with actual stiffness, elasticity and structure from stage to stage of the internal forces shaping the distribution were analyzed. The results show that the stiffness of the contribution and the confinement effect filler by factors geometry, masonry materials, the impact of the framework is not the same, need to consider the specific analysis and structural design.
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Panchenko, S., O. Fomin, G. Vatulia, A. Lovska, S. Deryzemlia, and A. Rybin. "JUSTIFICATION OF FILLERS USING IN THE BEARING STRUCTURES COMPONENTS OF FREIGHT CARS." Collection of scientific works of the State University of Infrastructure and Technologies series "Transport Systems and Technologies" 1, no. 38 (2021): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2617-9040-2021-38-5-1.

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To reduce the load on the freight cars frames under operational conditions, it has been suggested that to use fillers in their components. Fillers using is advisable in the most loaded elements of the bearing structure, namely, the spine beam. Therefore, a necessary condition for filler using in the spine beam is the creation of its closed structure. The dynamic load of railcars was carried out, taking into account the proposed provisions. Calculations have shown with filler using, the maximum accelerations acting on the bearing structures of wagons are 4% lower than those accelerations obtained for bearing structures without fillers. The results of determining the main strength indicators of bearing structures of freight cars are presented, taking into account the fillers using in their components. It has been established that the strength of the frames of the considered types of wagons under the main operating conditions is ensured. At the same time, the maximum equivalent stresses in the bearing structures of wagons are 4-9% lower than those in typical frame structures. The conducted research will contribute to the creation of innovative structures of rolling stock and reduce the cost of its maintenance work in operation.
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Bick, Eckhard. "PFN-PT." Domínios de Lingu@gem 16, no. 4 (2022): 1401–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/dl52-v16n4a2022-7.

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This article presents PFN-PT, a robust system for the automatic semantic annotation of Portuguese, consisting of a new, parsing-oriented framenet and a rule-based frame- and role-tagger. The framenet provides almost 13,000 valency frames covering 7,300 verb lemmas with 10,700 senses. Frame and role tagging is achieved by iterated matching of syntactic structures and semantic noun types with slot-filler conditions in the framenet. We discuss design principles and present frame and role statistics. In an evaluation run on news data, the system achieved an overall F-score of 92.2% for frame senses.
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Lei, Guang Yu, Yu Yao Zeng, and Can Guo Jin. "Study on Seismic Performance of Infilled Frame of Underlying Weak Layer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 1028–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.1028.

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After the Wenchuan earthquake, a large number of infilled frame structure of underlying weak layer (the bottom of non-filled walls, the upper wall of clouds filling) of the housing system did not appear "weak beam strong column" of the failure mode. Established pure frame structure of finite element model which considered the quality of in filled wall without taking into account of its stiffness and strength and the frame of finite element model which contains filler wall, and carried out elastic-plastic time-history analysis with established finite element model of two under earthquake, through analysis and comparison understand reasons which infilled frame structure of underlying weak layer did not achieve the "weak beam strong column" ductile failure mechanism, and further explored how to achieve "weak beam strong column" failure mechanism for infilled frame structure of underlying weak layer, raised a number of assurance measures.
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Yang, Wei Guo, and Xing Po Li. "Effects of Different Structural Systems on Lateral Rigidity of Steel Structural Frames." Advanced Materials Research 287-290 (July 2011): 1877–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.287-290.1877.

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To understand the effect of filler walls on lateral rigidity of steel frame, Some methods such as theoretical analysis, finite elements calculation and experiment study were carried out to do research on the resistant-lateral effectiveness and the steel consumption of the three different structural systems, namely steel frame, frame-bracing and frame-board. The results show that the frame-board system can improve the structural lateral rigidity effectively, and will enhance the structural fundamental natural frequency sharply as well as reducing the structural steel consumption. It is an effective method for improving structural lateral rigidity to utilize the frame filled with wall panel. Making fully use of lateral rigidity of the wall panel can reduce the size of beam and column cross-section, material consumption and project cost.
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Guo, Hai Yan, and Jian Bing Ye. "Energy-Saving Analysis of Fly Ash Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Block Filler Wall." Applied Mechanics and Materials 744-746 (March 2015): 1398–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.744-746.1398.

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Taking a six-story glass bead thermal insulation concrete frame structure building in Kangding, Sichuan as model, to design filler wall composing of fly ash autoclaved aerated concrete block. Utilizing energy dissipation theory analyzes the building energy consumption. Conclusion: The glass bead thermal insulation concrete frame structure of fly ash autoclaved aerated concrete block filler wall meets the requirement of Sichuan residential building energy-saving code.
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Ye, Yan Xia, Hua Huang, and Dong Wei Li. "Analysis on the Effect of Filler Wall to the Dynamic Characteristics and Storey Displacement of RC Frame Structure." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 644–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.644.

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Comparative analyses of twenty-eight finite element structures with filler walls were established to study dynamic characteristics of RC frame structures under seismic waves. The results of these analyses show that filler walls have little influence on vibration modes of the structure. But as a result of soft storey in the bottom of building caused by reduction of the filler walls, vibration modes have a great influence. As the stiffness of filler wall decrease, the stiffness of soft storey decrease shapely, vibration mode curve becomes much smoother. Considering the filler wall has influence on the vibration periods of framework, the reduction factor of 0.7 should be taken. The influence of filler wall to the value of lateral drift and storey displacement angle of frame can not be ignored. The main effect factors to the dynamic characteristics of framework are included quantity, location, material of the fill wall and the selection of seismic waves.
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Alyona, Lovska, Stanovska Iraida, Nerubatskyi Volodymyr, et al. "Determining features of the stressed state of a passenger car frame with an energy-absorbing material in the girder beam." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 5, no. 7(119) (2022): 44–53. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.265043.

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The object of this study is the processes related to the emergence, perception, and redistribution of loads in the improved structure of a passenger car frame. The scientific and applied task tackled in this paper is to ensure the strength of the supporting structure of a passenger car under operating loads. In this regard, it is proposed to improve the frame of a passenger car by constructing a girder beam from two rectangular pipes filled with material with energy-absorbing properties. The regularities of the frame load have been determined by taking into consideration the proposed solutions. It was found that the maximum equivalent stresses in the frame, taking its improvement into account, are 11.2 % lower than in the structure without filler, and 11.7 % lower than in the typical design. The results reported here are explained by the fact that the use of rectangular pipes filled with energy-absorbing material contributes to an increase in the moment of resistance of the frame, and, accordingly, reduces stresses. In addition, the study has determined the natural oscillation frequencies of the frame. The results of the calculation of the strength of the weld in the zone of interaction of the girder beam with the pivot beams are given. A feature of the results obtained is that the improvement in the strength of the frame is achieved not by strengthening its components but reducing the load. The scope of practical application of the reported results concerns railroad transportation, as well as other sectors of mechanical engineering. The conditions for the practical use of these findings are the introduction of closed profiles in the structure of vehicles at the stage of their design and modernization. This study could help reduce the cost of maintaining passenger cars and improve the efficiency of their operation. In addition, the research might prove useful for designing modern railroad car structures
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Frame with filler"

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Alfadda, Abdullah Ibrahim A. "Temporal Frame Difference Using Averaging Filter for Maritime Surveillance." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/56583.

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Video surveillance is an active research area in Computer Vision and Machine Learning. It received a lot of attention in the last few decades. Maritime surveillance is the act of effective detection/recognition of all maritime activities that have impact on economy, security or the environment. The maritime environment is a dynamic environment. Factors such as constant moving of waves, sun reflection over the sea surface, rapid change in lightning due to the sun reflection over the water surface, movement of clouds and presence of moving objects such as airplanes or birds, makes the maritime environment very challenging. In this work, we propose a method for detecting a motion generated by a maritime vehicle and then identifying the type of this vehicle using classification methods. A new maritime video database was created and tested. Classifying the type of vehicles have been tested by comparing 13 image features, and two SVM solving algorithms. In motion detection part, multiple smoothing filters were tested in order to minimize the false positive rate generated by the water surface movement, the results have been compared to optical flow, a well known method for motion detection.<br>Master of Science
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Zoccola, Gregg. "Effect of conditioning on the performance of a plate and frame filter press." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43077.

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Experiments were performed on samples of alum, anaerobically digested, and aerobically digested sludges to determine optimum polymer dosages for various mixing intensities produced during conditioning by a high-stress mixing unit. Mean velocity gradient (G) values were established for each of the mixing speeds used ranging from 250 sec -1 to 4,000 sec-1. Using the optimum conditioning dosages determined each mixing speed, batches of optimally, conditioned sludge were introduced into a pilot scale plate and frame filter press. Filtrate volume per unit time and final cake solids were used to characterize the press performance. Results indicated that filter press, performance can be optimized by selecting mixing. speeds during conditioning that simulate the shear conditions produced in the filter press during operation. It was shown that press performance was substantially reduced using sludge conditioned at a mixing speed of 200 rpm, corresponding to a Gt equal to 17,000. Tests using mixing speeds of 400 rpm and 1800 rpm corresponding to Gt values of 32,000 and 230,000, respectively indicated better performance and, thus, the filter press is thought to generate Gt values within this range. A substantial increase in polymer requirements is shown for sludge conditioned at a mixing speed of 1800 rpm, and therefore, it was concluded that sludge conditioned at mixing speed of 400 rpm best characterized the filter press producing optimum operational conditions. It was also postulated that the filter press may not be characterized by a single Gt value, but, by a range of values dependent on press run time.<br>Master of Science
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Mohamed, Khaled Mohamed Ahmied. "A Collaborative Adaptive Wiener Filter for Image Restoration and Multi-frame Super-resolution." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1426536832.

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Karam, Christina Maria. "Acceleration of Non-Linear Image Filters, and Multi-Frame Image Denoising." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1575976497271633.

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Miller, Amanda M. "Development of a Lower Body Sensor Harness for Posture Tracking for Nursing Personnel." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1562672463147447.

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Mahmood, Salih Qasim. "Behavior of Lap Shear Connections with Thermally Insulating Filler Plates." PDXScholar, 2017. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4159.

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This research consists of experimental load tests and numerical simulations of structural steel connections with various filler materials to study the effect of non-steel fillers on the connection strength. Non-steel fillers are used in the steel connections to provide thermal insulation by reducing thermal bridging. Eight specimens having steel and polypropylene filler plates of various thicknesses were tested in the laboratory. The collected data were compared to a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) using ABAQUS to validate the numerical results. After validation, three parametric studies were conducted using ABAQUS to provide insight into general behavior of connections with a variety of fillers that could be used as thermal breaks. In addition, an extreme case of having air gaps instead of alternative fillers was also considered. The Research Council on Structural Connections (RCSC 2014) suggests a reduction in the bolt shear strength when undeveloped fillers with a thickness of more than 0.25 inch are used while using any non-steel material is prohibited due the limited research available. Most research studies have investigated the mechanical behavior of thermal breaks in either end-plate moment connections or slip-critical connections. No data is available for thermal breaks in bearing-type connections up to failure. This research aims to study the effects of filler material properties such as modulus of elasticity and strength on bolt strength, as well as investigate whether the current equation in RCSC 2014 is applicable for alternative filler materials like polypropylene that has less than 0.5% of the steel modulus of elasticity and less than 10% of steel strength.
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Vadde, Susheel Reddy. "Improving Tissue Elasticity Imaging Using A KALMAN Filter-Based Non-Rigid Motion Tracking Algorithm." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1310141393.

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Selvakumar, Vinodhkumar, Samuel Nemalladinne, and Premkumar Arumugam. "Analysis of LTE Radio Frame by eliminating Cyclic Prefix in OFDM and comparison of QAM and Offset-QAM." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, fysik och matematik, DFM, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-21602.

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Spectral efficiency is the key factor for the development of future wireless communications. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) is the multiple access technology used at physical layer of latest wireless communication technologies. Anything on the improvement or overcoming the disadvantage of the present system will be considered for the future wireless systems. Long Term Evolution (LTE) is one of the 4th generation wireless communications and it is taken as the reference system in this thesis. The main concern of this thesis is to analyze the LTE radio frame. We designed and simulated the OFDM system with cyclic prefix, its Bit Error Rate (BER) is verified by changing the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) value and we investigated the OFDM system by eliminating the cyclic prefix. By eliminating cyclic prefix bandwidth efficiency is achieved, though using cyclic prefix in OFDM has more advantages. Filter banks are used to compensate the advantages of cyclic prefix when it is removed. Introducing Offset in QAM results in less distortion and amplitude fluctuations. We designed, simulated and compared the QAM digital modulation with Offset-QAM digital modulation its BER vs. SNR are verified using simulations on MATLAB.
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Lynch, Daniel P. "The effect of polymer dose and mixing intensity on sludge dewatering with a plate and frame filter press." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44124.

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<p>Experiments were performed with anaerobically digested sludge and a plate and frame filter press to determine filter press performance over a range of polymer doses and under a variety of sludge and polymer mixing conditions. In addition, bench-scale polymer dosing and mixing experiments were conducted with the same sludge samples to determine the relationship between the bench-scale tests and actual plate and frame filter press performance. Dewatering rate was measured in bench- scale experiments with a Capillary Suction Time (CST) device and dewatering rate in pilot-scale experiments was quantified by measuring the volume of filtrate from the plate and frame press. The dimensionless quantity, Gt, was used to measure total mixing intensity input where G was the mean velocity gradient and t was the mixing time for the sludge and polymer.</p> <p> The performance of the plate and frame filter press was optimized by predicting polymer dose with a bench-scale mixing device. For the plate and frame filter press used in this study, the polymer dose was selected by finding the optimum polymer dose for the bench-scale mixing system set at a Gt value of 30,000. The sludge and polymer were mixed with a Gt value of 5000 prior to introduction to the filter press. The polymer dosing and mixing scheme that was developed for the filter press in this study indicates that the filter press imparts some shear (G) on the sludge and that polymer must be provided to reagglomerate fractured sludge particles. An estimate of the Gt value for the filter press that was used in this study is 15,000 to 40,000.</p><br>Master of Science
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Demirkutlu, Eyyup. "Output Voltage Control Of A Four-leg Inverter Based Three-phase Ups By Means Of Stationary Frame Resonant Filter Banks." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608151/index.pdf.

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A method for high performance output voltage control of a four-leg inverter based three-phase transformerless UPS is proposed. Voltage control loop is employed and the method employs stationary frame resonant filter controllers for the fundamental and harmonic frequency components. A capacitor current feedback loop provides active damping and enhances the output voltage dynamic performance. The controller design and implementation details are given. Linear and nonlinear loads for balanced and unbalanced load operating conditions are considered. The steadystate and dynamic performance of the UPS are investigated in detail. A scalar PWM method with implementation simplicity and high performance is proposed and implemented. The control and PWM methods are proven by means of theory, simulations, and experiments.
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Books on the topic "Frame with filler"

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Rodriguez, Suzanne Marie. Frame work: Introduction to programming. Ashton-Tate Publishing Group, 1985.

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Southern, J. R. Surveying the moisture contents of cavity-filled timber-framed dwellings. Buiding Research Establishment, 1985.

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Pichler, Elisabeth, and Katja Böhlau. Filters + frames: Developing meaning in photography and beyond. Jonas Verlag, 2019.

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Lai, Zhichao. Composite special moment frames: Wide flange beam to concrete-filled steel column connections. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2020.

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Institute, SAS, ed. Getting started with the FRAME Entry: Developing object-oriented applications. 2nd ed. SAS Institute, 1997.

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Institute, SAS, ed. Getting started with the FRAME Entry: Developing object-oriented applications : version 6. SAS Institute, 1993.

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American Telephone and Telegraph Company., ed. UNIX system V release 3.2: Framed access command environment (FACE) user's guide. Prentice Hall, 1989.

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Demaria, Cristina, and Patrizia Violi. Reading Memory Sites through Signs. Amsterdam University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463722810.

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What can space tell us about our past? Which stories do memory sites narrate? Which memories do they transmit? And, more importantly, how can we read their meanings? Semiotics can provide us with a homogeneous, shareable and theoretically sound methodology to analyse space within a comparable and common frame of reference for scholars of memory studies and traumatic heritage, as well as for historians, architects and museum curators. The book describes in clear and understandable language the main semiotic concepts that can be used to analyse space, illustrating them with carefully chosen case studies of memory spaces – monuments, museums, post-war urban restoration, filmed and virtual space – in order to show the applicability and efficacy of a semiotic methodology.
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Goldberg, Rhoda Ochser. The new quilting & patchwork dictionary: Quilting techniques, tools and accessories, frames, fabrics, templates, borders, fillers, patchwork and appliqué patterns, enlarging and reducing, finishing, and more. Crown Publishers, 1988.

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Goldberg, Rhoda Ochser. The new quilting &patchwork dictionary: Quilting techniques, tools and accessories, frames, fabrics, templates, borders, fillers, patchwork and appliqué patterns, enlarging and reducing, finishing, and more. Crown Publishers, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Frame with filler"

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Parastesh, Hossein, Nima Ostovar, and Farzad Hejazi. "Fire Resistance of Bearing Walls in Light Steel Frame (LSF) Structures Including Various Insulation Filler Materials by Finite Element Method." In GCEC 2017. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8016-6_42.

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Fickus, Matthew, Melody L. Massar, and Dustin G. Mixon. "Finite Frames and Filter Banks." In Finite Frames. Birkhäuser Boston, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-8176-8373-3_10.

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Werzner, Eric, Miguel A. A. Mendes, Cornelius Demuth, Dimosthenis Trimis, and Subhashis Ray. "Simulation of Fluid Flow, Heat Transfer and Particle Transport Inside Open-Cell Foam Filters for Metal Melt Filtration." In Multifunctional Ceramic Filter Systems for Metal Melt Filtration. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-40930-1_13.

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AbstractIn order to develop improved filters for metal melt filtration, different physical phenomena that take place during depth filtration of liquid metals need to be well understood. Due to the difficult accessibility of the process, the harsh process conditions and the randomness of the typically employed ceramic foam filters, representative experimental investigations are extremely difficult to perform and often provide only integral quantities or selective information. This chapter presents a numerical model for simulating the depth filtration of liquid metal at the pore-scale, i.e., fully resolving the complex filter geometry, which can also accurately handle the curved filter walls. In the model, the velocity and pressure distribution of the melt flow is obtained by the lattice-Boltzmann method and the temperature field is calculated using the finite volume method, while the transport and filtration of the inclusions are predicted by solving the equation of motion for particles in a Lagrangian reference frame. In order to obtain a consistent representation of the curved filter walls for both particle transport and fluid flow, the Euclidean distance field of the filter structures is employed. By comprehensive parametric studies, the sensitivity of the filtration process with respect to various geometric parameters and process conditions is investigated. Therefore, geometries of conventionally manufactured filters, acquired from 3D μCT scanning, as well as computer-generated filter structures are considered. Their performance is assessed by evaluating various effective properties, such as the viscous and inertial permeability and the filtration coefficient. The numerical predictions allow to draw conclusions with respect to the dominant physical mechanisms and are compared with those from simplified physical models, which are shown to be sufficiently accurate for the pre-screening of filters. On the basis of the detailed results, suggestions for improved filter geometries are made, depending on the considered filtration process. Further, simplified models for the prediction of the effective thermal conductivity of open-cell foams in presence and absence of radiation are presented and validated using the detailed numerical predictions.
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Lameloise, Marie-Laure. "Filtration II – Using a Plate-and-Frame Filter." In Experiments in Unit Operations and Processing of Foods. Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-68642-4_3.

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Neckels, Kai. "Wavelet Filter Design via Linear Independent Basic Filters." In Algebraic Frames for the Perception-Action Cycle. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/10722492_19.

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Soffer, Avy, Chris Stucchio, and Minh-Binh Tran. "Definitions, Notations and A Brief Introduction to Frames." In Time Dependent Phase Space Filters. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6818-1_2.

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Averbuch, Amir Z., Pekka Neittaanmäki, and Valery A. Zheludev. "Wavelet Frames Generated by Perfect Reconstruction Filter Banks." In Spline and Spline Wavelet Methods with Applications to Signal and Image Processing. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22303-2_14.

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Cai, Huangkai, He Jiang, Xiaolin Huang, and Jie Yang. "New Motion Estimation with Angular-Distance Median Filter for Frame Interpolation." In Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03398-9_31.

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Zhang, Yiwen, Bodo Rosenhahn, and Gerald Sommer. "Extended Kalman Filter Design for Motion Estimation by Point and Line Observations." In Algebraic Frames for the Perception-Action Cycle. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/10722492_27.

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Averbuch, Amir Z., Pekka Neittaanmaki, and Valery A. Zheludev. "Wavelet Frames Generated by Spline Based p-Filter Banks." In Spline and Spline Wavelet Methods with Applications to Signal and Image Processing. Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8926-4_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Frame with filler"

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Klassen, Bob, and Pierre Roberge. "Design of an Impedance Sensor for Monitoring Corrosion in Crevices." In CORROSION 2008. NACE International, 2008. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2008-08200.

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Abstract A risk-based analysis of the components underneath army trucks indicated that the frame should be given the highest inspection and maintenance priority. The frames for this truck series in the Canadian army are sets of overlapping steel C-channels held together by bolts and rivets. Crevice corrosion or occluded cell corrosion occurs between the plates and causes them to separate due to the higher volume associated with corrosion products. Knowing when a critical gap was actively corroding or held in check by naturally dry conditions, controlled dehumidification or corrosion prevention compound (CPC) application would be of use to maintainers. An impedance sensor showed promise in distinguishing between three simulated cases corresponding to these states (completely dry, water-filled and CPC-filled) by differences in impedance modulus and particularly impedance phase angle. The optimal window for a single-frequency measurement that can distinguish between these states is probably between 10 and 50 Hz.
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Xu, Jie, Long Cui, Yongguo Zhao, and Xincheng Tian. "Research on Robot Path Planning Algorithm for Filter Plate Cleaning of Plate and Frame Filter Press." In 2024 4th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and Intelligent Manufacturing (AIIM). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/aiim64537.2024.10934261.

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Guyamin Geda, Jose Maria, Yaohua Yang, Masaru Kitahara, and Tomonori Nagayama. "Efficient Augmented Extended Kalman Filter Using Adaptive Strategy with Spectral Transition for Rapid Post-Earthquake Displacement Estimation." In IABSE Symposium, Tokyo 2025: Environmentally Friendly Technologies and Structures: Focusing on Sustainable Approaches. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2025. https://doi.org/10.2749/tokyo.2025.0499.

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&lt;p&gt;The Augmented Extended Kalman Filter (AEKF) enables simultaneous estimation of structural responses and system parameters but faces significant computational challenges for large structural systems. This paper presents an efficient AEKF implementation combining adaptive Jacobian calculation with spectral Kalman filter transition for optimized computation. Validation using a three-span bridge and a 20-story frame structure under seismic excitation demonstrates that the adaptive strategy reduces processing time by 52% while maintaining displacement estimation accuracy within 1%, with spectral transition providing an additional 6% reduction during stable phases. These improvements enable practical implementation of AEKF-based structural response estimation for large-scale systems while preserving assessment accuracy.&lt;/p&gt;
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Zhao, Feng, Litao Yang, and Yanjun Huang. "Study on rapid measurement methods for clearance of nuclear ventilation filter frame." In Fifth International Conference on Green Energy, Environment, and Sustainable Development, edited by Mohammadreza Aghaei, Hongyu Ren, and Xiaoshuan Zhang. SPIE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.3044955.

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van Beek, M. C., M. G. H. M. Hendriks, and D. C. M. Wilms. "Rainbow Test of Laser Reconditioned Frame 6 Buckets." In ASME Turbo Expo 2003, collocated with the 2003 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2003-38416.

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The procurement and reconditioning of turbine buckets and vanes drive the maintenance cost for gas turbines. The use of advanced repair methods like laser welding can help to reduce these costs. The main advantage of the laser welding process is that high-grade filler metals can be used with the possibility to extend current repair-limits. Before the laser welding process can be applied for industrial repairs the method has to be extensively tested for attained mechanical properties and for the performance during exposure in an actual turbine. This paper discusses the first rainbow test as performed on a frame 6 gas turbine of the Bergum power plant in the Netherlands. For a set of first stage buckets with 12139 operating hours (OH) 6 buckets were reconditioned using conventional TIG repair and 6 buckets using the laser-powder welding process. In both cases In 625 was used as the filler metal. The remaining buckets were not reconditioned. Monitoring of the performance of the reconditioned buckets is done using pyrometry and by boroscopic inspections. The reconditioned buckets are about 17°C cooler than the others. Moreover, it is found that the buckets repaired using laser welding have lower tip temperatures compared to the buckets reconditioned using conventional TIG welding. The overall lower temperature is partly caused by the difference in colour between the reconditioned and non-reconditioned buckets, which affects the emissivity. This difference was found still present during a boroscopic inspection 1776 OH after the overhaul. The other possible factors affecting the temperature difference are identified but are not yet fully understood.
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Nagy, Douglas R., and Justin H. Kuipers. "Case Study: Metallurgical Analysis of Previously Repaired GE Frame 7FA Stage 1 Turbine Buckets." In ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-69637.

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A case study is presented in which a destructive metallurgical analysis was performed on three GE Frame 7FA+e stage 1 buckets which had each been repaired using different approaches. The metallurgical condition and extent of the prior repairs are presented for each of the buckets following one additional service interval. The analyses included evaluation of the macroscopic condition, base alloy microstructure, stress rupture properties, internal and external surface coating conditions and the tip integrity. The first bucket had not been dimensionally restored at the tip during repair (i.e. the tip was still comprised of the original casting). The bucket exhibited moderate oxidation and loss of tip material. Base alloy degradation was observed at the mid airfoil height in the form of coarsening, rounding and agglomeration of the primary gamma prime precipitates. Secondary gamma prime precipitates remained in some of these regions, indicative that the alloy microstructure had not been rejuvenated by full solution treatment during repair. The second bucket had been weld repaired at the tip using a solid solution strengthened weld filler alloy. Following service, the tip exhibited significant oxidation and approximately 6mm of material loss at the mid-chord and trailing edge tip. Within the tip repair material, micro-cracks and creep voids were observed. The base alloy condition appeared similar to the first bucket. The third bucket had been tip weld repaired using a precipitation hardened weld filler alloy and rejuvenated with a full solution treatment. Following service, the bucket exhibited negligible oxidation and material loss at the tip. Overall, microstructural base alloy degradation was found to be minor.
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Zanon, Riccardo, Markus Schäfer, Gonzalo Ruiz, Angel de la Rosa Velasco, Willson Vaibhav, and Sebastien Wolf. "Experimental bending tests on filler beam section with SFRC." In IABSE Symposium, Manchester 2024: Construction’s Role for a World in Emergency. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/manchester.2024.1182.

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&lt;p&gt;Filler beam decks are a traditional steel concrete composite deck for railway and roadway bridges which has been in use since decades without major changes in its configuration. The use of steel- fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) as complement to the traditional reinforcement is investigated to reach a more optimized, environmental-neutral and resilient structural form.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this frame a large experimental campaign has been initiated, whereas in this paper the monotonic bending beam tests will be discussed. In term of resistance the major difference is the superior ductility of SFRC which permits to fully exploit the resistance of the steel profile. On the other side, the presence of the steel fibres highly enhances the tensile properties of the concrete matrix contributing to a significantly higher bending stiffness.&lt;/p&gt;
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Rigal, E. "Manufacturing of Compact Heat Exchangers by Hot Isostatic Pressing." In Hot Isostatic Pressing. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902837-3.

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Abstract. Compact plate heat exchangers (CPHE) are made of millimetric grooved plates stacked and joined together. Among joining processes, diffusion welding is the only one that allows joining the core of the modules without filler material (e.g., braze). However, several challenges must be met to achieve such components, including management of deformation of channels, soundness of joints, non destructive controllability and so on. Part of the achievements made in the frame of the development of the sodium-gas heat exchanger modules of the ASTRID prototype of 4th generation nuclear reactors are described in this presentation, focusing on process modeling and experimental validation with 316L steel.
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Le, Minh, Olivier Asserin, Laurent Forest, Olivier Fandeur, and Philippe Pilvin. "Numerical Simulation of Hot Cracking Tests." In ASME 2013 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2013-98170.

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One of the main nuclear materials is the austenitic stainless steels, which have good ductility and toughness, high thermal expansion coefficients and a thermal conductivity lower than that of martensitic or ferritic steels. The 316L(N) austenitic stainless steel (X2CrNiMo17-12-2 with controlled nitrogen) is evaluated for structures such as the vessels, which are steel enclosures surrounding the reactor core and its assemblies, in fourth generation nuclear systems. The RCC-MR code, which is used as a frame of reference in the manufacture of SFR (Sodium Fast Reactor concept), recommends the use of austenoferritic filler material for the welding of 316L(N) steel. These recommendations derive from past experience of working with fast neutron reactors (Phenix and Superphenix). In order to guarantee long-term properties at high temperatures, an austenoferritic and an austenitic filler metals are evaluated as filler metals. However, these materials are susceptible to hot cracking. Therefore, a study is conducted to ensure their weldability. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the susceptibility to hot cracking of the studied materials and to present a methodology applied to define a criterion called “laboratory” for each material and its transfer to a structure test. The relative susceptibility to hot cracking of these materials was evaluated using four tests: the Varestraint, the Gleeble, the trapezoid and the skew tests. Numerical simulation using Cast3M code and Sidolo software of these four tests were investigated in order to survey behavior laws of each studied material and solidification cracking thermomechanical criteria intrinsic to the materials. Some test and simulation results as well as hot cracking susceptibility ranking are presented and the transferability to real component welds of hot cracking criteria is discussed.
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Qu, Zeyu, Weihui Zhong, and Zheng Tan. "Research on the Anti-collapse Performance of Steel Frame Structures with Masonry Filler Walls in the Form of Reduced Beam-flange Connections." In 2022 8th International Conference on Hydraulic and Civil Engineering: Deep Space Intelligent Development and Utilization Forum (ICHCE). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ichce57331.2022.10042631.

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Reports on the topic "Frame with filler"

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Pelton, Mitchell A., Frederick C. Rutz, Melany A. Eslinger, and Gariann M. Gelston. FRAMES User Defined Body Burden Concentration File Module Documentation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/969189.

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Looby, Charlotte, Taylor Lewis, and Joseph McMichael. Evaluating Three Ways to Handle Drop Points in Address-Based Sampling Frame Surveys. RTI Press, 2024. https://doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2024.mr.0054.2412.

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Address-based sampling frames are commonly created from lists derived from the United States Postal Service’s Computerized Delivery Sequence file (CDS), a comprehensive list of addresses in the United States. While most addresses in the CDS represent only one household, some addresses—known as drop points (DPs)—are delivery points for two or more households. The drop point units (DPUs) therein do not have secondary unit designators specified in the CDS, which is a challenge for self-administered surveys because they cannot be contacted specifically. An earlier paper by the authors examined differences between responses of DPUs and nearby non-DPU substitutes in the 2021 Healthy Chicago Survey of sociodemographic characteristics and key health outcomes. This paper is a follow-up analysis comparing the effects of including, excluding, or substituting DPUs on the entire sampling frame, and thus entire study area, to quantify the magnitude of point estimate differences between those methods. No statistically significant differences were found in the distributions of key health outcomes for the three methods. This is true even when focusing on the 11 community areas where more than 30 percent of the homes were DPUs.
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Amaya, Ashley. RTI International’s Address-Based Sampling Atlas: Drop points. RTI Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2017.op.0047.1712.

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The Computerized Delivery Sequence (CDS) file contains listings for nearly all addresses in the United States. Survey researchers use the CDS as a sampling frame from which to draw an address-based sample (ABS). More than 700,000 addresses on the CDS are marked as drop points, which are mail receptacles shared by multiple housing units (drop units). Drop points are a challenge to sample and present a potential source of error because of their "one-to-many" relationships. Several techniques have been developed to overcome this challenge, including deleting them from the frame or sampling all units at a given drop point. This paper serves as an introduction to these challenges, discusses the pros and cons to each "solution," and provides a list of best practices.
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D. T. Vo and T. E. Sampson. Improvement in the Plutonium Parameter Files of the FRAM Isotopic Analysis Code. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/775877.

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Vail, Kylin, Bret Lizundia, David Welch, and Evan Reis. Earthquake Damage Workshop (PEER-CEA Project). Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/plbd5536.

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This report is one of a series of reports documenting the methods and findings of a multi-year, multi-disciplinary project coordinated by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER and funded by the California Earthquake Authority (CEA). The overall project is titled “Quantifying the Performance of Retrofit of Cripple Walls and Sill Anchorage in Single-Family Wood-Frame Buildings,” henceforth referred to as the “PEER–CEA Project.” The overall objective of the PEER–CEA Project is to provide scientifically based information (e.g., testing, analysis, and resulting loss models) that measure and assess the effectiveness of seismic retrofit to reduce the risk of damage and associated losses (repair costs) of wood-frame houses with cripple wall and sill anchorage deficiencies as well as retrofitted conditions that address those deficiencies. Tasks that support and inform the loss-modeling effort are: (1) collecting and summarizing existing information and results of previous research on the performance of wood-frame houses; (2) identifying construction features to characterize alternative variants of wood-frame houses; (3) characterizing earthquake hazard and ground motions at representative sites in California; (4) developing cyclic loading protocols and conducting laboratory tests of cripple wall panels, wood-frame wall subassemblies, and sill anchorages to measure and document their response (strength and stiffness) under cyclic loading; and (5) the computer modeling, simulations, and the development of loss models as informed by a workshop with claims adjustors. This report is a product of Working Group 6 (WG6): Interaction with Claims Adjustors &amp; Catastrophe Modelers and focuses on a damage workshop effort undertaken to provide repair estimates of representative damaged single-family wood-frame case study buildings to compare the differences in costs between houses with and without retrofits to cripple walls and sill anchorage. At the request of the CEA, 11 experienced claims adjustors from insurance companies volunteered to provide the estimates. Electronic cost estimation files for each case study building were developed by the PEER–CEA Project Team using the Verisk Xactware Xactimate X1 platform and provided to the claims adjustors to complete their estimates. These adjustor estimates served as the baseline for comparison against the FEMA P-58 [FEMA 2012] methodology used on the project for loss estimation. The term “damage workshop effort” is used to emphasize that the scope of work included not just a successful workshop meeting, but the broader development of a damage description package describing case studies and associated Xactimate descriptions before the workshop meeting and revisions after it, two rounds of estimates and survey question responses by adjustors, interpretation and clarification of the estimates for consistency, and synthesizing of estimate findings and survey responses into conclusions and recommendations. Three building types were investigated, each with an unretrofitted and a retrofitted condition. These were then assessed at four levels of damage, resulting in a total of 24 potential scenarios. Because of similarities, only 17 scenarios needed unique Xactimate estimates. Each scenario was typically estimated by three to five adjustors, resulting in a final total of 74 different estimates.
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Walmsley, Terrie. Long Run Simulations With GTAP: Illustrative Results from APEC Trade Liberalisation. GTAP Technical Paper, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.tp09.

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In static applied general equilibrium models, the exogenous/endogenous split between variables (or closure) is used to infer the time frame over which the effects of a shock are simulated. This paper introduces a long-run closure for the GTAP model (Hertel and Tsigas, 1997) and uses this closure to simulate and compare the short-run and long-run effects of Asia-Pacific trade liberalisation. The approach explored here incorporates some relatively minor changes to existing GTAP theory in order to define a steady state in which growth rates of all real variables are uniform. Such uniformity must apply in the initial database (as well as in the post-shock solution). So to implement the new long run in GTAP a new initial database must first be created. Details concerning the creation of the new database are given, and results under the new approach are compared with those obtained under the old. The emphasis of this paper is on the development of a long-run closure in which the percentage change form equations of the model and the relationships between the levels variables in the GTAP database are consistent. Further research is required into these types of long-run closures to incorporate changes in ownership of capital to ensure that changes in welfare are adequately modelled. In the results reported here, GDP is not a useful guide to national welfare. The long-run closures introduced here are also compared with another comparative static long-run closure developed for GTAP by Francois, MacDonald and Nordström (1996). Technical Paper Number 9 can be downloaded in PDF format. To print this you will need the Adobe Acrobat Reader. For those interested in replicating the results in this technical paper, an associated zip file can be downloaded. The zip file includes a readme file with detailed instructions.
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Svynarenko, Radion, Theresa L. Profant, and Lisa C. Lindley. Effectiveness of concurrent care to improve pediatric and family outcomes at the end of life: An analytic codebook. Pediatric End-of-Life (PedEOL) Care Research Group, College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7290/m5fbbq.

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Implementation of the section 2302 of the 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) enabled children enrolled in Medicaid/Children's Health Insurance Program with a prognosis of 6 months to live to use hospice care while continuing treatment for their terminal illness. Although concurrent hospice care became available more than a decade ago, little is known about the socio-demographic and health characteristics of children who received concurrent care; health care services they received while enrolled in concurrent care, their continuity, management, intensity, fragmentation; and the costs of care. The purpose of this study was to answer these questions using national data from the Centers of Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), which covered the first three years of ACA – from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2013.The database included records of 18,152 children younger than the age of 20, who were enrolled in Medicaid hospice care in the sampling time frame. Children in the database also had a total number of 42,764 hospice episodes. Observations were excluded if the date of birth or death was missing or participants were older than 21 years. To create this database CMS data were merged with three other complementary databases: the National Death Index (NDI) that provided information on death certificates of children; the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey that provided information on characteristics of communities where children resided; CMS Hospice Provider of Services files and CMS Hospice Utilization and Payment files were used for data on hospice providers, and with a database of rural areas created by the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA). In total, 130 variables were created, measuring demographics and health characteristics of children, characteristics of health providers, community characteristics, clinical characteristics, costs of care, and other variables.
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Mazzoni, Silvia, Nicholas Gregor, Linda Al Atik, Yousef Bozorgnia, David Welch, and Gregory Deierlein. Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis and Selecting and Scaling of Ground-Motion Records (PEER-CEA Project). Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/zjdn7385.

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This report is one of a series of reports documenting the methods and findings of a multi-year, multi-disciplinary project coordinated by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) and funded by the California Earthquake Authority (CEA). The overall project is titled “Quantifying the Performance of Retrofit of Cripple Walls and Sill Anchorage in Single-Family Wood-Frame Buildings,” henceforth referred to as the “PEER–CEA Project.” The overall objective of the PEER–CEA Project is to provide scientifically based information (e.g., testing, analysis, and resulting loss models) that measure and assess the effectiveness of seismic retrofit to reduce the risk of damage and associated losses (repair costs) of wood-frame houses with cripple wall and sill anchorage deficiencies as well as retrofitted conditions that address those deficiencies. Tasks that support and inform the loss-modeling effort are: (1) collecting and summarizing existing information and results of previous research on the performance of wood-frame houses; (2) identifying construction features to characterize alternative variants of wood-frame houses; (3) characterizing earthquake hazard and ground motions at representative sites in California; (4) developing cyclic loading protocols and conducting laboratory tests of cripple wall panels, wood-frame wall subassemblies, and sill anchorages to measure and document their response (strength and stiffness) under cyclic loading; and (5) the computer modeling, simulations, and the development of loss models as informed by a workshop with claims adjustors. This report is a product of Working Group 3 (WG3), Task 3.1: Selecting and Scaling Ground-motion records. The objective of Task 3.1 is to provide suites of ground motions to be used by other working groups (WGs), especially Working Group 5: Analytical Modeling (WG5) for Simulation Studies. The ground motions used in the numerical simulations are intended to represent seismic hazard at the building site. The seismic hazard is dependent on the location of the site relative to seismic sources, the characteristics of the seismic sources in the region and the local soil conditions at the site. To achieve a proper representation of hazard across the State of California, ten sites were selected, and a site-specific probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) was performed at each of these sites for both a soft soil (Vs30 = 270 m/sec) and a stiff soil (Vs30=760 m/sec). The PSHA used the UCERF3 seismic source model, which represents the latest seismic source model adopted by the USGS [2013] and NGA-West2 ground-motion models. The PSHA was carried out for structural periods ranging from 0.01 to 10 sec. At each site and soil class, the results from the PSHA—hazard curves, hazard deaggregation, and uniform-hazard spectra (UHS)—were extracted for a series of ten return periods, prescribed by WG5 and WG6, ranging from 15.5–2500 years. For each case (site, soil class, and return period), the UHS was used as the target spectrum for selection and modification of a suite of ground motions. Additionally, another set of target spectra based on “Conditional Spectra” (CS), which are more realistic than UHS, was developed [Baker and Lee 2018]. The Conditional Spectra are defined by the median (Conditional Mean Spectrum) and a period-dependent variance. A suite of at least 40 record pairs (horizontal) were selected and modified for each return period and target-spectrum type. Thus, for each ground-motion suite, 40 or more record pairs were selected using the deaggregation of the hazard, resulting in more than 200 record pairs per target-spectrum type at each site. The suites contained more than 40 records in case some were rejected by the modelers due to secondary characteristics; however, none were rejected, and the complete set was used. For the case of UHS as the target spectrum, the selected motions were modified (scaled) such that the average of the median spectrum (RotD50) [Boore 2010] of the ground-motion pairs follow the target spectrum closely within the period range of interest to the analysts. In communications with WG5 researchers, for ground-motion (time histories, or time series) selection and modification, a period range between 0.01–2.0 sec was selected for this specific application for the project. The duration metrics and pulse characteristics of the records were also used in the final selection of ground motions. The damping ratio for the PSHA and ground-motion target spectra was set to 5%, which is standard practice in engineering applications. For the cases where the CS was used as the target spectrum, the ground-motion suites were selected and scaled using a modified version of the conditional spectrum ground-motion selection tool (CS-GMS tool) developed by Baker and Lee [2018]. This tool selects and scales a suite of ground motions to meet both the median and the user-defined variability. This variability is defined by the relationship developed by Baker and Jayaram [2008]. The computation of CS requires a structural period for the conditional model. In collaboration with WG5 researchers, a conditioning period of 0.25 sec was selected as a representative of the fundamental mode of vibration of the buildings of interest in this study. Working Group 5 carried out a sensitivity analysis of using other conditioning periods, and the results and discussion of selection of conditioning period are reported in Section 4 of the WG5 PEER report entitled Technical Background Report for Structural Analysis and Performance Assessment. The WG3.1 report presents a summary of the selected sites, the seismic-source characterization model, and the ground-motion characterization model used in the PSHA, followed by selection and modification of suites of ground motions. The Record Sequence Number (RSN) and the associated scale factors are tabulated in the Appendices of this report, and the actual time-series files can be downloaded from the PEER Ground-motion database Portal (https://ngawest2.berkeley.edu/)(link is external).
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Seiler, Andreas, Aina Winsvold, Mattias Olsson, Svein Morten Eilertsen, and Carolin Berndt. VILTVARNING: Test av nya tekniska åtgärder för att minska antalet viltpåkörningar på järnväg. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.7pbjcv25mc.

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Viltolyckorna på järnväg har ökat stadigt de senaste åren – inte bara i Sverige och Norge utan även internationellt. För att minska de ekologiska och socioekonomiska effekterna behövs bättre åtgärder och nya åtgärdsstrategier. Stängsel och faunapassager har vanligtvis god effekt men är dyra lösningar som kan motiveras endast längs särskilt olycksdrabbade sträckor. De behöver därför kompletteras med åtgärder som ger skydd längs huvuddelen av järnvägsnätet. Viltvarslingsprosjektets centrala mål er att bidra till att skapa säkrare väg- och järnvägstransporter i Norden med en infrastruktur som är väl integrerat i landskapet så att naturliga processer och viktiga ekologiska tjänster kan bibehållas. Projektet är en gränsöverskridande satsning inom insatsområde Innovativa Miljöer der svenske og norske forskningsmiljøer sammen med berörda myndigheter, tågbolag, teknologiutviklere, samt andra relevanta aktörer utvikler og tester nya tekniska lösningar. Forskningen har lagt et godt grunnlag for å kunne videreutvikle de tekniske løsningene og gjøre dem mest mulig relevante for formålet å drive vilt bort fra jernbanesporene når toget skal passere. Flest mulige skal ha tilgang til kunnskapen som genereres i prosjektet og dette muliggjør kommersiell utvikling av slike tekniske systemer. Videre har vi bidratt til internasjonal kunnskapsproduksjon og kunnskapsutveksling innenfor problematikken rundt dyrepåkjørsler. Dyrepåkjørsler både på veg og jernbane som involverer større pattedyr har økt betydelig i både Norge, Sverige og resten av Europa i løpet av de siste 40 år. Slike ulykker fører ofte til kostbare skader på kjøretøyet og at det påkjørte dyret påføres store skader eller dør. Ifølge det norske hjorteregisteret har nesten 64.000 større dyr blitt påkjørt på norske veier og jernbaner de siste fem årene. I underkant av 10 prosent av alle viltpåkjørsler skjer med tog. Mellan 4.000–6.000 påkörningar med vilda djur och ren har registrerats längs järnvägsnätet i Sverige per år under det senaste decenniet och trenden är ökande. Mörkertalet i statistiken är okänt men förväntas vara stort i både Norge och Sverige. Metoderna bygger på att med utvalda akustiska signaler skapa en kontrollerad flyktrespons hos djuren när tåg skall passera, och därmed avvärja djuren från infrastrukturen när olycksrisken är som störst. Metoden ska kunna tillämpas där fysiska åtgärder som t ex viltstängsel eller viltpassager inte är möjliga eller där de traditionella åtgärderna behöver kompletteras. Åtgärdskonceptet inkluderar både en stationär lösning vid järnväg med mycket trafik och hög hastighet, och som en mobil lösning för tågfordon längs med järnvägen med mindre trafik och lägre hastighet. Resultaten kommer även att kunna tillämpas i andra sammanhang, t ex för att säkra öppningar i viltstängsel längs väg och vid tunnelmynningar. Projektet utgör en plattform för gränsöverskridande forskning om viltvarning, och en grundförutsättning för att företag och myndigheter skall kunna tillämpa och utveckla metoder för att minska problematiken med viltpåkörning. Prosjektet inkluderer tre arbeidspakker: - AP1) Kontrollerade experiment med det stasjonære skremmesystemet «Motion Activated Scare System» (MASS) der vi undersøker dyrenes respons på olika skrämselsignaler på platser längs järnväg. I projektet har vi kunnat vidareutveckla både funktion och utformning av de tekniska enheterna som vi använder för att avvärja vilt från spåren. De stationära MASS-enheterna har använts vid totalt 29 platser längs järnväg. När MASS-enheterna spelade upp ljudet av en människoröst lämnade klövdjuren området där vi filmade i ca 88 % av fallen. Olika ljud från tåg och järnväg (Bell, Horn, Train) inducerar en något lägre flyktrespons, men trots allt avvärjs djuren i medeltal ca 65 % av tillfällena med dessa ljudtyper. Den vanligaste rörelseriktningen (ca 57 %) var att djuren rörde sig bort från järnvägen efter att de skrämts, medan en lägre andel (ca 22 %) rörde sig mot och över järnvägen. - AP2) Framtagning och test av mobil skrämselenhet «Driver Activated Scare System» (DASS) som er installert innenfor frontruten på ulike togsett og aktiveres av togførere når vedkommende ser dyr på/ved jernbanelinja. I pilotstudien använde vi DASS-enheter för att utforska hur klövvilt, särskilt rådjur (Capreolus capreolus) och älg (Alces alces) reagerar på mötande tåg. Interaktionerna analyserades både ur djurens perspektiv (deras beteende, hur de flydde från tåget etc.) och lokförarnas möjligheter att se djuren från tåghytten (detektionsavstånd). Siden mars 2022 har slike enheter vært i bruk langs Nordlands- og Rørosbanen i Norge. I juni ble DASS-enheter tatt i bruk langs Gjøvikbanen. I tillegg har togførere filmet Kinnekullebanan i Sverige siden slutten av april 2022. Totalt ble det filmet vilt i 192 tillfeller med DASS-enhetene. Totalt ble det registrert 460 individer. Dovhjort (N=230) var den absolutt vanligste arten i forsøkene, etterfulgt av rådyr (N=100). Elg ble registrert på 5 filmer, og kronhjort i 8 filmer. I filmene fra togførerne kunne vi oppdage dyr som sto oppe på selve banelegemet i gjennomsnitt 157 meter fra toget vilket är mycket nära för att ge tillräckligt tid åt både lokförare och djuret att reagera. På grund av försenade tillstånd i arbete med högtalare samt ej tillräckliga tekniska lösningar kunde vi inte montera en högtalare utanpå tåget för att spela upp varningsljud för tester. Istället fokuserade vi på att studera effekten av befintliga alternativ för signalering. Studien kommer att fortsätta under nästa år och arbetet med att hitta en lämplig högtalarlösning pågår. - AP3) Kommunikasjon og prosjektledelse. En bra kommunikation och samverkan med berörda myndigheter, företag och intresseorganisationer är en grundförutsättning när praktiska åtgärder ska utvecklas och implementeras. Viltvarslingsprosjektet inkluderer mange aktører og samarbeidspartnere, både faglige og praktiske, nasjonalt og internasjonalt. Blant allmennheten og blant togaktørene har det i lang tid vært opprørthet og fortvilelse over det store antallet dyr som hvert år dør i kollisjoner med tog og på vei. Det har derfor skapt stor medial interesse når vi nå har begynt å få forskningsresultater som kan bidra til å minske påkjørslene, det vil si både redusering av dyrelidelsene og skadene på togene. I løpet av prosjekttiden med Interreg har det vært en meget hektisk periode med mye media-dekning og kommunikasjon utad om viltprosjektet. Det har vært et 30-talls nyhetsoppslag om prosjektet i nasjonale og lokale norske og svenske aviser. Samtidigt har projektet varit i kontakt med företag och myndigheter i frågor gällande tillämpningen av systemen och hjälp vid experimenten. Det på går flera parallella studer kring järnvägssäkerhet som har beröring till viltvarningsprojektet och där synergier kan tas till vara.Även internationellt bedrivs jämförbar forskning som vi har etablert ett utbyte med och söker nya samarbetsformer. Våra studier visar hittills att det är mycket sannolikt att ett varningssystem som bygger på akustiska signaler, främst den mänskliga rösten, kan vara kostnadseffektiva åtgäder mot djurpåkörnignar på järnväg. En kommersiell, järnvägsbaserad lösning anses vara mycket möjlig. För att nå fram till en tågbaserad lösning däremot behövs fortsatta studier och vidare teknisk utveckling. Vi söker därför för nya medel under 2023-2024 för att kunna driva utvecklingen fram mot implementering och konkreta demonstrationsprojekt.
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10

Hillenbrand, Tobias, Bruno Martorano, and Melissa Siegel. Not as innocent as it seems? The effects of "neutral" messaging on refugee attitudes. UNU-MERIT, 2025. https://doi.org/10.53330/ytid6699.

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Abstract:
Immigration has become one of the most divisive political issues in Europe and around the world. In Germany, Europe’s largest refugee hosting country, public attitudes have reached a low point. Besides increased “real-life” exposure to immigrants, exposure to all sorts of messages centered around immigration and refugees may be behind this worrying trend. While prior research has investigated the effects of specific subjects of the immigration discourse, such as specific frames or statistical information, it remains unclear how “neutral” reporting on refugee migration impacts public attitudes. We fill this gap using data from an original survey experiment conducted in Germany in May 2023. The findings suggest that a sober (neutral) video providing basic background information on Syrian refugees reduces humanitarian concerns for this refugee group, increases the perception of security threats and lowers the willingness to support refugee camps abroad. The results are driven by West German residents. Qualitative data reveals that, although the video is indeed perceived as “neutral”, it triggers security-related associations among West Germans, seemingly eroding concerns for refugees’ wellbeing. Conversely, East Germans, while starting from a slightly more negative base level, more frequently express indifference. Finally, merging our survey data with administrative data on the foreign population in respondents’ counties reveals that larger percentage increases in real-life immigration exposure mitigate the treatment effect.
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