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1

Verrill, S. P. Statistical framework for comparing lumber sorting procedures. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 2009.

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2

Gilson, Marie-Thérèse Camilleri. An institutional framework for comparing emerging market currency boards. International Monetary Fund, Monetary and Financial Systems Dept., 2004.

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3

J, Henderson Bryn, ed. International health care: A framework for comparing national health care systems : Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, United Kingdom, United States. American College of Physician Executives, 1995.

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4

Minnett, Danielle. Framework for Comparing Climate Mitigation Policies Across Countries. International Monetary Fund, 2022.

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Minnett, Danielle. Framework for Comparing Climate Mitigation Policies Across Countries. International Monetary Fund, 2022.

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6

Gilson, Marie-Thrse Camilleri. Institutional Framework for Comparing Emerging Market Currency Boards. International Monetary Fund, 2004.

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7

Gilson, Marie-Thrse Camilleri. Institutional Framework for Comparing Emerging Market Currency Boards. International Monetary Fund, 2004.

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8

Gilson, Marie-Thérèse Camilleri. Institutional Framework for Comparing Emerging Market Currency Boards. International Monetary Fund, 2004.

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9

Minnett, Danielle. Framework for Comparing Climate Mitigation Policies Across Countries. International Monetary Fund, 2022.

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10

Comparing state polities: A framework for analyzing 100 governments. Greenwood Press, 1996.

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11

Jansen, Yolande. Beyond Comparing Secularisms. Edited by Phil Zuckerman and John R. Shook. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199988457.013.23.

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“Religio-secularism” denotes the tendency to understand specific cultural and political conflicts in terms an opposition between religion on the one hand and secularism on the other. Religio-secularism as a cultural-political paradigm tends to obscure the intricacies of political, socioeconomic, cultural-historical, religious, and ideological dimensions of specific situations (and often conflicts) that require complex analysis and evaluation. Religio-secularism, especially when it becomes the primary or exclusive framework for understanding cultural and political conflict, serves as an ideolog
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12

Sullivan, Michael J. Comparing State Polities. Greenwood Press, Inc., 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216962267.

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Since the end of the Cold War many new countries have been created, and several new wars have broken out, resulting in new forms of politics and government for which Cold War paradigms are inadequate. Using extensive exhibits, this book provides a comparative framework for understanding governance in today's world. The author selects 100 countries as worthy of greater investigation, highlighting 50 of them as prone to ethnic-based problems and 33 as beset by violent domestic conflict, and provides a comparative political analysis of their governing structures. The 100 countries covered are spr
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13

Smith, Benjamin. Comparing Separatism across Regions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190846374.003.0010.

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This chapter outlines the rationales for studying separatist conflicts across multiple regions through comparative area studies (CAS). It examines why some ethnic minorities are able to sustain broad challenges to their governments while others fail. Post-imperial ethnic region partitions, while relatively uncommon, are central to this question and demand an inquiry of cross-regional scope. Beginning with the division of interwar Kurdistan into parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey, the author extends the theoretical framework to similar border creations in Balochistan (Southwest Asia) and th
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14

Cantwell, John. Eclectic Paradigm: A Framework for Synthesizing and Comparing Theories of International Business from Different Disciplines or Perspectives. Palgrave Macmillan, 2016.

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15

The eclectic paradigm: A framework for synthesizing and comparing theories of international business from different disciplines or perspectives. Palgrave Macmillan, 2015.

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16

Shepard, Jonathan, Catherine Holmes, Bjö Weiler, and Jo van Steenbergen. Political Culture in the Latin West, Byzantium and the Islamic World, C. 700-C. 1500: A Framework for Comparing Three Spheres. University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, 2021.

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17

Shepard, Jonathan, Catherine Holmes, Bjö Weiler, and Jo van Steenbergen. Political Culture in the Latin West, Byzantium and the Islamic World, C. 700-C. 1500: A Framework for Comparing Three Spheres. University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, 2021.

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18

Political Culture in the Latin West, Byzantium and the Islamic World, C. 700-C. 1500: A Framework for Comparing Three Spheres. University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, 2021.

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19

Miribung, Georg. Agricultural Cooperative in the Framework of the European Cooperative Society: Discussing and Comparing Issues of Cooperative Governance and Finance in Italy and Austria. Springer International Publishing AG, 2021.

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20

Miribung, Georg. The Agricultural Cooperative in the Framework of the European Cooperative Society: Discussing and Comparing Issues of Cooperative Governance and ... of Law in European Legal Scholarship ). Springer, 2020.

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21

Brandon, David P., and Andrea B. Hollingshead. Characterizing online groups. Edited by Adam N. Joinson, Katelyn Y. A. McKenna, Tom Postmes, and Ulf-Dietrich Reips. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199561803.013.0008.

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The proliferation of information and communication technologies has fostered dramatic growth in both the number and variety of online groups over the past fifteen years. Such growth necessitates a more sophisticated language for describing and capturing the diversity of online groups that moves away from traditional conceptualizations of online groups. Thus, the goal of this article is to place within a theoretical framework a set of dimensions useful in describing, categorizing, and comparing online groups. The article begins with a definition and a review of previous conceptualizations of on
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22

Karambakuwa, Roseline T., Ronney M. Ncwadi, Weliswa Matekenya, Leward Jeke, and Syden Mishi. Special economic zones and transnational zones as tools for Southern Africa’s growth: Lessons from international best practices. UNU-WIDER, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2020/927-3.

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The paper evaluates strategies for developing successful special economic zones and transnational zones for Southern African countries to spur growth and employment. Most special economic zones implemented in Southern Africa have largely failed to bring adequate growth and employment due to numerous constraints. Globally, selected countries have successfully implemented export-oriented industries through such spatial industrial policy. We review case studies across the world by comparing different regions on selected indicators related to the best-practice framework developed through this stud
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23

Comparing the logic of EU reporting in mass media across Europe: Transnational analysis of EU media coverage and of interviews in editorial offices in Europe ; project co-funded by the European Commission within the Sixth Framework Programme. Projekt Verlag, 2007.

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24

Rubinstein, Ira S., Gregory T. Nojeim, and Ronald D. Lee. Systematic Government Access to Private-Sector Data. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190685515.003.0001.

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There has been an increase worldwide in government demands for data held by the private sector. In most countries studied, the publicly accessible law provides an inadequate foundation for systematic access, both from a human rights perspective and at a practical level. Transparency about systematic access remains weak. Access for national security purposes is more sparingly regulated than is access for criminal investigation purposes. Relying on the country reports prepared for this project, this chapter develops both a descriptive framework for comparing national laws on surveillance and gov
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25

Burris, Scott, Micah L. Berman, Matthew Penn, and, and Tara Ramanathan Holiday. Public Health Advocacy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190681050.003.0017.

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This chapter explores the basic components of the many ways that individuals and organizations introduce their policy preferences into law and practice. The chapter describes the basic steps in developing and implementing a program of advocacy, specifically comparing the Collective Impact Model and the Collaborating for Equity and Justice Framework. It also explores the fundamental debate about the public health advocacy process and reviews legal limitations on political advocacy by public employees and tax-exempt organizations, limitations that have important effects on how advocacy works in
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26

Ogonowski, Corinna, Timo Jakobi, Claudia Müller, and Jan Hess. Praxlabs. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198733249.003.0011.

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In this chapter, PRAXLABS is proposed as a framework for reflecting on and implementing elements of sustainable empirical research and user-centred design in living-lab studies. To explicate the PRAXLABS framework, this chapter presents a comparative analysis of three living-lab projects aiming at different design themes in the domestic domain: home entertainment, energy monitoring, and ambient assisted living. In each project, users were involved as co-creators in the research and design of new IT artifacts. By analyzing and comparing these cases, the chapter specifies experiences that may be
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27

Christens, Brian D. Community Power and Empowerment. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190605582.001.0001.

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Community Power and Empowerment is the most comprehensive treatment of empowerment theory to date. The book begins by situating empowerment with regard to community power, thereby addressing a long-standing ambiguity within empowerment theory, research, and practice. Next, chapters examine psychological, organizational, and community aspects of empowerment processes. A new orienting framework for studying and comparing community empowerment processes is developed. The outcomes and impacts of empowerment processes are specified across multiple pathways. Finally, the book provides recommendation
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28

Alter, Karen J., and Laurence R. Helfer. Jurist Advocacy Movements in Europe and the Andes. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199680788.003.0009.

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This chapter reinvestigates the history and early decisions of the European Union's Court of Justice (ECJ) to explore how context shapes international judicial lawmaking. It does so by comparing the ECJ with its Andean counterpart — the Andean Tribunal of Justice (ATJ). The two courts have nearly identical designs; they were both tasked with interpreting very similar framework agreements; and they were created to help further ambitious regional integration projects. Although there are important differences between the two judicial bodies, the many legal and structural parallels allows us to ex
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29

Allison, Henry E. Freedom of the Will in Baumgarten and Kant’s ML1. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198783886.003.0011.

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Henry E. Allison continues the line of research initiated by Schwaiger in this volume. Allison first returns us to the analysis of Baumgarten’s understanding of freedom, pointing out, much as Schwaiger does, how it seeks to continue the theory of freedom developed in the Leibnizian–Wolffian philosophy, while also avoiding what Allison calls the “shadow of Spinoza,” that is, the charge of thoroughgoing determinism. In contrast to Schwaiger, Allison argues that what is distinctive to Baumgarten is his attempt to articulate a notion of freedom within a broadly necessitarian and rationalist framew
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30

Givnish, Thomas J., K. William Sparks, Steven J. Hunter, and Andrej Pavlovič. Why are plants carnivorous? Cost/benefit analysis, whole-plant growth, and the context-specific advantages of botanical carnivory. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779841.003.0018.

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The 1984 cost/benefit model for the evolution of carnivorous plants addresses their potential energetic and ecological advantages. It has provided a conceptual framework for research on distribution, variation in trap allocation and mechanisms, association with low rates of photosynthesis and whole-plant growth, and ecology of carnivorous plants relative to noncarnivorous ones. We re-assess this model, its potential extensions, and the validity of its assumptions and predictions. We review what is known about photosynthesis, respiration, relative growth rates, and resource allocation in carniv
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31

Boulanger, Christian, Naomi Creutzfeldt, and Jennifer Hendry, eds. Socio-Legal Trajectories Across Europe. Hart Publishing, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781509982653.

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What are the different institutional, intellectual and biographical trajectories in socio-legal studies, and how can they be compared? This book brings together scholars from across Europe to reflect on the socio-political, legal and academic contexts in which they became the academics they are today. The chapters link individual scholars to the historical and contemporary factors that have shaped or influenced their work and careers – a novel approach that combines scholarly self-reflection with a historical perspective on the development of socio-legal studies between law and the social scie
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32

Aiste, Dumbryte. Part V Fairness and Expeditiousness of ICC Proceedings, 42 The Roads to Freedom—Interim Release in the Practice of the ICC. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198705161.003.0042.

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This Chapter examines whether the ICC has managed to achieve an appropriate balance between two competing values: the accused’s right to liberty and the effective administration of international criminal justice. It analyses the Court’s case-law on interim release, comparing it to the jurisprudence of the ad hoc tribunals and human rights courts. It covers the allocation of burden of proof in interim release cases, as well as the three grounds for interim release provided by the Rome Statute and the Court’s jurisprudence: absence of the risk of flight, interference with the proceedings, and fu
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33

Lindsay, Colin. Work First Versus Human Capital Development in Employability Programs. Edited by Ute-Christine Klehe and Edwin van Hooft. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199764921.013.029.

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Policymakers across advanced welfare states have prioritized programs to enhance the employability of unemployed people and help them to find and sustain work. In this regard, analysts have drawn attention to the difference between Work First and Human Capital Development (HCD) models. The former seek to direct people to any available job as quickly as possible; the latter seek to improve long-term employability through investments in human capital (typically via education and training). This chapter deploys a framework for comparing Work First‒ and HCD-oriented approaches to employability, id
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34

Brown, Kathleen M. Gender Frontiers and Early Encounters. Edited by Ellen Hartigan-O'Connor and Lisa G. Materson. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190222628.013.8.

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Gender frontiers are but one starting point for comparing cultural contact zones and analyzing imperialism and racial formation in the early modern Atlantic. Recent scholarship on Native American and African encounters with Europeans suggests a need for a more complex analytical framework. Africans and Native Americans participated actively in creating this cultural frontier—by persisting in, adjusting, or transforming precontact practices or by assuming that the uninvited newcomers might share enough core beliefs and desires to be incorporated or vanquished. Europeans who participated in prod
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35

Huotari, Mikko, and Jürgen Rüland. Context, Concepts, and Comparison in Southeast Asian Studies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190846374.003.0005.

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This chapter argues that the value of comparative area studies (CAS) depends on some original frame of reference, here the field of Southeast Asian studies. We trace the evolution of this field in view of research on other world regions and general methodological debates. The chapter also highlights the role of CAS in overcoming increasingly rigid methodological divides over such core issues as context-sensitivity and the challenges of comparative research practice. We outline a methodologically pluralist framework of area studies comparisons. This requires methodological bridges between mains
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36

Auffarth, Christoph. Gift and Sacrifice. Edited by Michael Stausberg and Steven Engler. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198729570.013.39.

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This chapter discusses sacrifice and gift exchange as perspectives on ritual relations between gods and humans. It begins by noting the role of Protestant theology in emphasizing the centrality of sacrifice to religion and the contributions of Victorian evolutionist scholars as well as twentieth-century thinkers to the conceptualization of sacrifice. Problems with these analyses—and with interpretations of mythic narratives of sacrifice more generally—suggest the value of a comprehensive religio-historical analysis of sacrifice. This suggests the value of considering sacrifice within a more ge
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37

Hooke, Ruthanna B. Sacramental Presence. Lexington Books, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781978728042.

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Drawing on performance studies and sacramental and liturgical theology, Ruthanna B. Hooke develops a theology of proclamation grounded in the body’s experience of preaching. The author explores the claim that preaching is a sacramental event of communion with the triune God by comparing the steps involved in voice production with the fourfold shape of the Eucharist. This comparison yields a description of preaching as an event of self-offering that allows space for the humanity of the preacher and as an encounter with the Holy Spirit that is communal and prophetic. Preaching draws participants
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38

Eppler, Annegret, and Andreas Maurer, eds. Europapolitische Koordination in Österreich. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783845297033.

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European policy exerts a considerable influence on shaping politics in Austria. Vice versa, Austrian policy forms a constitutive element of what is negotiated and decided in Brussels. This book addresses the question of how and under which externally and internally induced framework conditions Austrian ideas, strategies and interests are conceived, coordinated and articulated in the multilevel system of the European Union. What domestic coordination requirements and strategies come into play and when in order to generate Austria’s positions? How do feedback mechanisms function in order to safe
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39

Mir, Salam Darwazah. Transnational Literature of Resistance. Bloomsbury Publishing Inc, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798765111765.

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Fills a gap in comparative studies, interrogating strategies of Empire in dominating the Indigenous and linking two modern cultures from the Global South. Transnational Literature of Resistance compares and contrasts resistance literatures from Guyana – a British exploitation colony – and Palestine – a settler colony – at a specific historical moment. Salam Darwazah Mir contests the provinciality and Eurocentric focus of comparative literature; delivers the discipline’s universal objectives; and expands the discipline’s practice by comparing two literatures and histories from the Global South.
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40

Jeutner, Valentin. Sovereign Human Being. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9780567717061.

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Sovereign is who decides; and who decides is responsible.The book develops these two arguments by comparing Carl Schmitt's and Dietrich Bonhoeffer's theories of sovereignty. Carl Schmitt was an influential jurist of Nazi Germany. Dietrich Bonhoeffer was a Lutheran priest hanged for his involvement in a plot to assassinate Adolf Hitler. In many ways, the two men could not be more different. But they both struggled with the question of how to maintain order and how to prevent violence at times of crisis. In this considered work, Jeutner brings these two thinkers into careful dialogue. They both
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41

Krasno, Jean, and Sean LaPides. Personality, Political Leadership, and Decision Making. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400696411.

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This psychological study dissects the characteristics of 20 world leaders—both men and women—profiling the factors that formed their personalities and revealing how certain traits have shaped their political decisions. Many wonder what it takes to be a leader. Is it a natural or learned set of skills? This book examines the personalities of a selected group of political leaders, analyzes the forces that formed their nature—most notably their leadership tendencies—and then demonstrates how character has shaped important political decisions made during their regime. The authors profile 20 differ
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42

Kaiser, Roman, and Fabian Michl, eds. Landeswahlrecht. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783748905790.

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In German politics, elections occur constantly. When voters are not being called upon to elect a new Bundestag, the next election at federal state level is just around the corner. Despite some commonalities, each federal state parliament is elected within a different legal framework. In both the public’s perception and electoral studies, however, those differences are not always duly taken into account. Therefore, this volume describes the electoral laws of the states in 16 specific chapters following a short introduction on their theoretical and historical foundations as well as on the requir
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43

Menon, Vinod. Arithmetic in the Child and Adult Brain. Edited by Roi Cohen Kadosh and Ann Dowker. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199642342.013.041.

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This review examines brain and cognitive processes involved in arithmetic. I take a distinctly developmental perspective because neither the cognitive nor the brain processes involved in arithmetic can be adequately understood outside the framework of how developmental processes unfold. I review four basic neurocognitive processes involved in arithmetic, highlighting (1) the role of core dorsal parietal and ventral temporal-occipital cortex systems that form basic building blocks from which number form and quantity representations are constructed in the brain; (2) procedural and working memory
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44

Walter, Stefanie, Ari Ray, and Nils Redeker. The Politics of Bad Options. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198857013.001.0001.

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Why did the Eurozone crisis prove to be so difficult to resolve? Why was it resolved in a manner in which some countries bore a much larger share of the pain than other countries? Why did no country leave the Eurozone rather than implement unprecedented austerity? Who supported and who opposed the different policy options in the crisis domestically, and how did the distributive struggles among these groups shape crisis politics? Building on macro-level statistical data, original survey data from interest groups, and qualitative comparative case studies, this book argues and shows that the answ
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45

Sanderson, Benjamin Mark. Uncertainty Quantification in Multi-Model Ensembles. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.707.

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Long-term planning for many sectors of society—including infrastructure, human health, agriculture, food security, water supply, insurance, conflict, and migration—requires an assessment of the range of possible futures which the planet might experience. Unlike short-term forecasts for which validation data exists for comparing forecast to observation, long-term forecasts have almost no validation data. As a result, researchers must rely on supporting evidence to make their projections. A review of methods for quantifying the uncertainty of climate predictions is given. The primary tool for qu
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46

Zanetti Domingues, Lidia Luisa. Confession and Criminal Justice in Late Medieval Italy. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192844866.001.0001.

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This monograph provides an in-depth comparison of lay and religious sources produced in Siena (1260-1330) on criminal justice, conflict and violence. Two main trends have been highlighted in the development of criminal justice in late medieval Italy. Firstly, that the practice of revenge was still popular among members of all social classes. Secondly, that crime was increasingly perceived as a public matter that needed to be dealt with by the government, and not by private citizens. These two aspects are partly contradictory, and the extent to which these models reflect the reality of communal
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47

Theodor, Ithamar, and Yudit Kornberg Greenberg, eds. Dharma and Halacha. The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc., 2018. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781666993660.

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In recent decades there has been a rising interest among scholars of Hinduism and Judaism in engaging in the comparative studies of these ancient traditions. Academic interests have also been inspired by the rise of interreligious dialogue by the respective religious leaders. Dharma and Halacha: Comparative Studies in Hindu-Jewish Philosophy and Religion represents a significant contribution to this emerging field, offering an examination of a wide range of topics and a rich diversity of perspectives and methodologies within each tradition, and underscoring significant affinities in textual pr
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48

Fortin, Katharine. Added Value of Application of International Human Rights Law to Armed Groups. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808381.003.0002.

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Chapter 2 of the book investigates the normative added value of holding armed groups to account under human rights law. Reviewing the legal frameworks of international human rights law and international humanitarian law and comparing them to social science literature on inter alia rebel governance, the chapter explains how and where human rights law is able to bring most value. It concludes that its value lies principally in the law enforcement paradigm, in particular in the regulation of everyday life under rebel control. The chapter concludes by examining the relationship between the added v
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49

Jarosz, Gaja. Learning with Violable Constraints. Edited by Jeffrey L. Lidz, William Snyder, and Joe Pater. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199601264.013.30.

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This chapter provides a broad overview of recent research on constraint-based learning of phonology. The review covers the major results and the contributions of a wide range of approaches, comparing the computational properties and learning implications of these theories. Specifically, the review encompasses learning in classic OT as well as learning in related frameworks that formalize constraint interaction as (probabilistic) weighting or ranking. The learning problem is decomposed into several subproblems that highlight the complexity of the learning problem facing the child learner. The d
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50

Human trafficking laws: Legal provisions for victims : comparing legal definitions & frameworks against the United Nations Protocal on Human trafficking : Cambodia, Republic People's of China, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam. United Nations Inter-Agency Project on Human Trafficking, 2009.

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