Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Français (langue) – Dictionnaires portugais'
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Bernardon, de Oliveira Kátia. "Emprunts et adaptations. Portugais (Brésil et Portugal) & Français." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100011/document.
Full textThe main objective of this thesis is to understand the phenomenon of loanwords and their phonological adaptations. The research was based on consulting the Brazilian newspaper of the nineteenth century 'A Gazetinha', whose use of French words is common. Thus, we start with a written corpus, which makes us think about the role of orthography in loanword adaptations. After our research in the literature about loanwords, we focused on two aspects: the phonological adaptation of French words in Portuguese and the link between etymology and loanwords. This work contributes to the description of the Portuguese lexicon and its phonology from the process of adaptation of French loans. In addition, we contribute to the description of Portuguese vocabulary from their etymological dictionaries and monolingual. Our assumptions are that the orthography and knowledge of French play a role in the adaptation process; Portuguese and Brazilian speakers may show differences to adapt the French words; European and Brazilian vocabulary may show differences related with words of French origin. Our methodology for assessing the phonological adaptation involves the application of a test based on the article The influence of orthography on loanwords adaptations of Vendelin & Peperkamp (2006). The test has been adapted to our subject and applied to Brazilian and Portuguese speakers to compare the results. We analyze six French phonemes in this work. The test results on phonological adaptations show that there is no difference in choice of adaptation between European and Brazilian speakers at the phonological level. Adaptations are always to the target language, Portuguese. However, orthography and knowledge of French appear to be related and active factors in the process when the speaker is needed. The subtle differences in adaptation are only on the phonetic level, obeying the phenomena of Portuguese.Concerning the second aspect studied- the relation between etymology and loanwords-, we use as a research method the consultation of etymological and monolingual dictionaries of Portuguese to establish a framework for discussion comparing their information about the origins of words. After a data analysis, we verify that the information is quite contrasting, which prevents easy reading to any reader, not just to linguists. Our conclusion is that dictionaries are not a source of research with compelling information and other studies and discussions are still needed
Fréjaville, Rosa Maria. "Etude terminologique du discours spécialisé de la pollution : vers la structuration d'un modèle de dictionnaire terminologique bilingue français-portugais." Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2002/ferreiraqueiros_rm.
Full textDias, loguercio Sandra. "Dictionnaires bilingues et pédagogie de la lecture : vers un dictionnaire français-portugais d'appui à la compréhension écrite et à l'apprentissage du vocabulaire en français langue étrangère." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00957934.
Full textLoguercio, Sandra Dias. "Dictionnaires bilingues et pédagogie de la lecture : vers un dictionnaire français-portugais d'appui à la compréhension écrite et à l'apprentissage du vocabulaire en français langue étrangère." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030053/document.
Full textThis study is based on the teaching model of reading French as a foreign language by university students who are beginners in this language in Brazil. After presenting the essential topics of this didactic approach and the issues related to the teaching-learning process when reading in a foreign language, in which the lexical acquisition plays a major role, we present the basics of lexicology and lexical semantics, and finally we portray the works developed in pedagogical lexicography, in which we place this study. Regardless of its dissemination among Latin America students and of its continuous reformulation to account for new learning situations, this teaching method contains some gaps. The gaps refer to a critical issue for a large number of readers: the lack of lexical knowledge. This issue relates not only to a lack of vocabulary knowledge, but also to the ability of word learning. In this study, this question has been further studied based on two experimental researches. The first one, using a more prospective approach, aims at identifying the role of the dictionary–especially bilingual dictionaries–in the reading process and the effects of dictionary use in the construction of meaning. The second one compares the use of two lexicographic instruments: a bilingual dictionary and a pedagogical dictionary for learners of French as a foreign language. Both researches yield important information about the integration of a lexical study with this teaching model; additionally, they are complemented by the analysis of the dictionaries available to this target audience. In this way, we can set methodological principles to build a pedagogical dictionary that helps students in reading activities and that supports vocabulary acquisition on the basis of functional lexicography
Loguercio, Sandra Dias. "Dictionnaires bilingues et padagogie de la lecture : vers un dictionnaire français-portugais d'appui a la comprehension ecrite et a lápprentissage du vocabulaire en française langue etrangere." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/71959.
Full textThis study is based on the teaching model of reading French as a foreign language by university students who are beginners in this language in Brazil. After presenting the essential topics of this didactic approach and the issues related to the teaching-learning process when reading in a foreign language, in which the lexical acquisition plays a major role, we present the basics of lexicology and lexical semantics, and finally we portray the works developed in pedagogical lexicography, in which we place this study. Regardless of its dissemination among Latin America students and of its continuous reformulation to account for new learning situations, this teaching method contains some gaps. The gaps refer to a critical issue for a large number of readers: the lack of lexical knowledge. This issue relates not only to a lack of vocabulary knowledge, but also to the ability of word learning. In this study, this question has been further studied based on two experimental researches. The first one, using a more prospective approach, aims at identifying the role of the dictionary–especially bilingual dictionaries–in the reading process and the effects of dictionary use in the construction of meaning. The second one compares the use of two lexicographic instruments: a bilingual dictionary and a pedagogical dictionary for learners of French as a foreign language. Both researches yield important information about the integration of a lexical study with this teaching model; additionally, they are complemented by the analysis of the dictionaries available to this target audience. In this way, we can set methodological principles to build a pedagogical dictionary that helps students in reading activities and that supports vocabulary acquisition on the basis of functional lexicography.
Carras, Catherine. "Le vocabulaire économique et commercial dans la presse brésilienne (années 1991 et 1992) : étude comparative et proposition de dictionnaire bilingue portugais-français." Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2002/carras_c.
Full textEl, Baïdi Chakib. "Etude de l'information macro et micro structurelle de quelques dictionnaires bilingues arabe-français/français-arabe." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081797.
Full textCherifi, Nadir. "Les dictionnaires bilingues français-arabe, arabe-français : de leur traitement lexicographique et dictionnairique." Cergy-Pontoise, 2008. http://www.u-cergy.fr/theses/08CERG0374.pdf.
Full textThe objective of this research is to make a concrete and practical contribution to the still rough knowledge of the bilingual lexicography including both languages : French and Arabic. Indeed, until now, we do not attach enough attention on the French-Arabic, and Arabic-French, bilingual dictionaries, as well as for the methodical aspects they illustrate as for the practical dictionary-making choices. We consult theses dictionaries without testing their limits and shortcomings. Having said that, what are the lexicographic and dictionaric methods recommended in these dictionaries ? What are the essentials characteristics that these dictionaries must have to be able to answer the requirements of the readers ? This study will therefore attempt to describe the lexiographic and dictionaric practices of some bilingual lexicographers, to try to solve some problems bound to the methodology. To learn more about these dictionaries, the bounded corpus of this analysis focuses on three periods : the nineteenth, twentieth and early twenty-first century. The examination of their characteristics and the exploitation of their content reveals that from the dictionaric (dictionnairique) point of view, the lexicographers are not interested enough neither in paratextual elements nor in macrostructural and microstructural semiotics. For example, in the lexicographic prospect, lexicographers do not deal in the same way with the neological processes. Besides, as for phraseology, in this particular case the free phrases, the collocations and the frozen sequences conveying the semantic information, the bilingual lexicographers still too much neglect their organizational aspects in the body of the acticles. As for the definitions, they are very rare. In consequence, the lexicographers do not encode and decode enough the information. Besides, a lot of these dictionaries neglect the importance of the lexicographical speech, so they are less sensitive to the importance of the cultural information. Concerning the iconographic landscape, most of the consulted dictionaries often neglect the importance of the illustration. However, this last one is normally considered as “ […] auxiliary of the idea ”, because the readers always feel “ the need for accurate documents ”. To make better use of the French-Arabic, Arabic-French bilingual dictionaries, it is therefore important and necessary to consider lexicography and practical dictionary-making as two complementary activities
Lyadri, Rachid. "Dictionnaires bilingues arabe-francais : problematique lexicographique." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR20018.
Full textThis study is concentrated primarily on a systematic reflection on an empirical object : the arabic-french bilingual dictionary as a linguistic and didactic tool. It is based on direct observation and description of several dictionaries. The indexing, linguistic and semiotic characteristics, typology, nomenclature, entries and articles of the dictionaries are analyzed along with the needs of users. Lexicographical proposals toward a new dictionary are made at the end of this study
Lecolinet, Thierry. "Termes de la mythologie : évolution de sens et de forme en diachronie." Besançon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BESA1026.
Full textThis thesis deals with the method of research for terms in the language. What can be done to look for terms other than through their written form ? Based on a corpus of terms taken from a mythological etymon, this study proposes to present a research system by criteria, as well as bringing those latter to light, terms in the language without going through their written form (the nature of theses terms, where they come from, how they are formed) of these latter as well as their meaning, the field of their usage etc… In order to illustrate this work, a model of a system of electronic research is proposed, this software works on the basis of criteria selected during the research
Wang, Xinxia. "Dictionnaires bilingues français-chinois : outils linguistiques et didactiques." Paris, INALCO, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INAL0004.
Full textThe bilingual dictionary is a requisite tool for language and culture learning. From the perspective of lexicology, bilingual lexicography, contrastive linguistics and didactics of FLE, the present research is mainly focused on the role that French-Chinese dictionaries play in language learning. To get a better understanding of problems relating to vocabulary teaching and learning as well as to the traditional bilingual dictionaries used by Chinese students, the author has made enquiries from a number of Chinese students and teachers. Statistics show that one of the biggest obstacles in a vocabulary learning for the Chinese students is their difficulty in mobilizing the words they have learned at their disposal to express themselves in a correct and appropriate way. The obstacle, from the perspective of dictionary, lies in the disadvantages of the traditional bilingual dictionaries. In order to overcome the disadvantages of traditional bilingual dictionaries and let French-Chinese dictionaries play a better role in language learning, especially at the level of encoding, the author, inspired by some elements of the Explanatory and Combinatorial Lexicology (ECL) and the application of the theory, proposes a new bilingual dictionary that puts the emphasis on the paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations between lexical items. The new bilingual dictionary, as well as a new systematic pedagogiy in lexicon, is aimed at helping Chinese students to develop a better lexical competence and a better capacity to use the lexicologygraphical tools
Araujo, Scheinowitz Celina de. "Analyse contrastive des systèmes lexicaux du français et du portugais." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040457.
Full textA contrastive analysis at the lexical level of the french and portuguese languages that takes a corpus as a starting point in order to detect the elements of divergence and similarity between the two systems. A first theoretical volume presents the objective and methodology of the research and points out the epistemological and historical aspects considered important to the comprehension of the problem. The contrastive lexical analysis itself comprises two phases - the comparison at the level of expression and the comparison at the level of meaning. Thus resulting a contrastive typology that serves as a basic material to the teaching of french vocabulary to native speakers of portuguese. The conclusion brings forward some theoretical reflexions based on the empiric data collected. In the contrastive dictionary ( vol. II and III), one finds the categorization of each unity of the corpus as well as of its equivalent in portuguese
Kalonji, M. T. Zezeze. "Sémiotique de la lexicographie bilingue en Afrique francophone : le cas Français-Ciluba : (problématique, analyse des dictionnaires et préalables pour un modèle minimal fonctionnalisé)." Paris 13, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA131022.
Full textThe aim of this study is: - to set up a general "problematique" of the bilingual lexicography in franco- phone africa, through the french-ciluba case study. The dictionary is so re- placed in its origins, its various ideological understatements, its sociolo- gical preables: which means to explore the fundamentals of the lexicographic discourse in an african franco-lubaphone context. - to analyse the whole range of the existing bilingual dictionaries and lexi- cons , their elaboration as well as their macro- and microstructural shapa, in order to define their linguistic and cultural functionality in comparison with the monolingual dictionaries, and above all to get acquainted with the various lexicographic techniques. - to display a morpho-lexical analysis of the "word" in ciluba language, a graphic unit for the lexicographic text, but the phonological, morphological and morpho-semantical aspects of which have to be isolated for an efficient lexical and semantical analysis of the luba lexicon or the interlinguistic translation. - to conclude in, with the theorical preables for a functionalized model of the bilingual dictionary. As these preables are based on the "problemati- que" and the study the bilingual dictionaries, they provide for the theori- cal elements for the building of dictionaries in the francophone african context. Following the preables is, as an illustration, a lexicographic pro- cessing of a sample of the "nomenclature"
Tallarico, Giovanni Luca. "La dimension interculturelle dans les dictionnaires bilingues italien-français." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070004.
Full textOur thesis aims at exploring the intercultural dimension of Italian-French bilingual dictionaries. The first part represents a theoretical approach to the issue. A definition of the concepts of culture and cross-cultural precedes a study of the relationships between languages and cultures. After that, we have dealt with the following themes : the epistemological status of bilingual lexicography and its relationships with linguistics; the semantic hindrances to equivalence; the peculiarity of translation in bilingual lexicography; the contributions of semantics to lexicography. Special attention is also given to the concepts of semantic, referential and cultural gaps and to the lexical gaps in general. In the last two chapters, the focus shifts to connotation and to some approaches that stress the importance of cultural values in language (keywords, mots à charge culturelle partagée, cultural scripts, the depth dimension of language). The second part of our thesis is a corpus-based study on letter A of four Italian-French contemporary dictionaries (Boch, Garzanti, Hachette-Paravia, Larousse). We have tried, in particular, to emphasize the role and the typology of the gaps occurring in the equivalence, especially of cultural gaps. Then, we focus on culture-bound examples, which show the importance of stereotypes and shared points of view in conveying the meaning of the utterances. Finally, we deal with cultural notes and some false borrowings in Italian, in order to illustrate other aspects of equivalence
Benarroch, Myriam. "Des premiers dictionnaires (Jerónimo Cardoso) aux textes : l'apport lexical des arabismes dans la langue portugaise du XVIe siècle." Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030184.
Full textGrund, Anne-Marie. "Contribution à l'étude contrastive de l'argot en français et en portugais." Grenoble 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE39049.
Full textDe, Nadai Patrick. "De l'image dictionnairique au modèle lexicographique : la systémique lexicale." Paris 8, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA080771.
Full textMonolingual language dictionaries contain a lot of informations describing the language they are dealing with. Since this description is based on a given corpus, dictionaries provide a certain 'image' of this language. In order to improve the quality of dictionaries, it would be necessary for lexicographers to have a 'model' providing a description of the language as objective as possible. If language is conceived of as consisting in a 'system' of relations (both lexical and syntactical), the model should present all relations established in the language. The purpose of our work is to propose a method so as to build up such a model, from the informations contained in an extensive dictionary. After having established what a 'language dictionary' and a 'word definition' are, we analyse the definitions of our corpus, in order to extract lexical relations. Then, with these extracted relations, we try to outline a linguistic analysis of the 'prefix' anti-
Desmeules-Trudel, Félix. "Perception des voyelles nasales du français québécois : aspects acoustiques et perceptifs." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30407/30407.pdf.
Full textWe present an acoustic description of nasal vowels (NV) in Quebec French (QF) and Brazilian Portuguese (BP), languages that possess phonological NV in their inventories. We show that QF and BP NV have different vowel qualities: QF NV are more dispersed than BP’s, smaller contrast (for corresponding NV), and greater amplitude of formantic movement. We also assess discrimination and identification abilities of BP speakers for QF NV. We show that [œ̃] is difficult to perceive because it has no equivalent in Portuguese; variability of [ẽ]’s quality and its important dispersion makes it difficult to discriminate, while its formant movement contributes to its correct identification; [ã] and [ɔ̃] are more easily discriminated, but [ã] is misidentified in a greater proportion because it overlaps several categories, while [ɔ̃] is more easily identified because of its similarities with BP’s [õ].
Oueslati, Lassaad. "Les constructions adverbiales en Français contemporain." Paris 13, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA131018.
Full textThis work, entitled Adverbial Construction in contemporary French was written within the theoretical framework of the Laboratoire de linguistique informatique. The aim is to describe adverbs in their various uses in sentence contexts with the view to making a dictionary of the adverbs of French, as a complement to the other dictionaries of predicates and arguments. The adverb dictionary gives syntactic, semantic, and morphological information, etc. On each adverbial lexical item, thus paving the way for many different applications, such as the automatic generation of correct sentences containing an adverb, machine translation, writing and editing aids, etc. The starting point was a corpus made up of sentences, to which Gaston Gross’s theory of object classes was applied. By describing the adverbs, simple and compound, autonomous or set adverbial phrases, we have been able to distinguish between predicative and non-predicative adverbs, autonomous and non-autonomous predicates, simple and compound, autonomous or set adverbial phrases. The thesis is developed around fives poles, each corresponding to a chapter : non autonomous predicative adverbs; the case of root predicates; autonomous predicative adverbs; second-class predicative adverbs; set adverbial phrases; non-predicative adverbs. An appendix is including featuring a dictionary of all the adverbs worked on
Galopin, Laurence. "Répertoire et analyse des dictionnaires techniques bilingues et multilingues (comprenant le Français et le Grec moderne)." Montpellier 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON30040.
Full textSarfati, Georges-Elia. "Pragmatique du langage et lexicographie (le statut et le traitement de l'aspect pragmatique du langage dans les dictionnaires de langue francaise)." Paris, EHESS, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989EHES0334.
Full textThe thesis constitutes a systematic analysis of the status of the pragmatic aspect of language and the ways dealt with in the primary french language dictionaries. It is outlined according three major plies of research. The first section seeks an internal epistemological approach wich allows to show that the representationalist philosophy of language determins the principal orientations of lexicographical works. The second section advanced a theoretical rewiew of the question and establishes the guidelines towards lexical pragmatics. The third section sets out a methodological survey of lexicographical data. A serie of research allows for the definition of the major theoretical and practical steps to be taken towards a dictionary of speech acts
Freitas, Luísa Alves de. "L'enseignement/apprentissage de l'article "zéro" en français langue étrangère dans l'enseignement secondaire au Portugal." Paris 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA030014.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to give a description of the teaching and learning of the zero article in secondary schools in Portugal. First of all we were interested in the learning of the zero article and the error analysis has shown cases in the learning of the zero article which were difficult. Afterwards we have presented the differences between the French articles and the Portuguese articles. Then we have dealt with the learning of the zero article and we have analysed the syllabus, the coursebooks and the grammars. We have also inferred the practice of the teachers. Finally, we have formulated some didactic propositions to improve the teaching and learning of the zero article. The method that we have adopted is based on the metalinguistic perception of the learners in what concerns the Foreign Language (grammatical conceptualism). We have suggested some changes in the teaching and we have proposed a series of pratical exercises
Lee, Kwang Ae. "Théories lingistiques et lexicographie à propos du Dictionnaire du français contemporain." Montpellier 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON30039.
Full textAraújo, Silvia Lima Gonçalves. "Entre l'actif et le passif: se faire/fazer-se : syntaxe, sémantique et pragmatique comparées français-portugais." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070029.
Full textThe French se faire construction presents numerous and varied usage possibilities while also raising a number of theoretical issues. Furthermore, it should be noticed that it is not always possible to establish a direct correspondence between French se faire and Portuguese fazer-se. The se faire construction. , however, has never before been at the core of a contrastive study of French and Portuguese. The connections established by the verb faire, on the one hand, and by the pronominalization, on the other hand, which involve linguistic phenomena such as active, passive and causative diathesis, are the same in French as in Portuguese. It is the purpose of the present study to shed light on the language-specific constraints, whether they be syntactic and/or semantic, which in some cases impede literal translation. The contrast between the two languages was based mainly on a literary and journalistic corpus, composed of identical texts, published both in Portuguese and French. A survey was carried out among native speakers of Portuguese in order to offer a sociological explanation for the differences found between various speakers and between the divergent versions of the same text by different translators. The most remarkable result of this contrastive study was that it underscored the role of intention in the Portuguese language along with that of agentivity and cause
Gavriilidou, Zoé. "Etude comparée des suites NN en français et en grec : élaboration d'un lexique bilingue." Paris 13, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA131024.
Full textIn this phd thesis we have tried to investigate double noun constructions (dncs) e. G. Question-cle 'key question'. @@@@@-@@@@@@@ 'frame-law' in french and greek. Our aim was to arrive to an automatic treatment of this kind of constructions. We also elaborated a bilingual electronic dictionary (french-greek) of dncs. We first undertook a general linguistic description of dncs from a morphological, syntactic and semantic point of view. The first chapter deals with the notion of compounding and lexicalization in french and greek. In the second chapter we examine the notion of head, the origin of the model and the presence of hyphen between n1 and n2. In the third chapter we propose a categorization of dnc which presents three branches : coordinative, attributive and complementive constructions. Each class presents distinct semantic and syntactic properties. This categorization together with the formalization of information concerning dncs is necessary for their automatic treatment. The fourth and fifth chapters describe the proposed categorisation in detail. In the sixth chapter we present the structure of our data base. The seventh chapter deals with the syntactic behavior of predicative dncs. In the eighth chapter we present non predicative dnc. S the ninth chapter describes dncs from a semantic point of view. Finally, the tenth chapter contains a didactic or teaching approach to dncs. The theoretical framework of lexicon-grammar elaborated by m. Gross has helped us to describe - in a formalized way - the syntactic behavior of predicative dncs. We have also used the theoretical model of object classes proposed by g. Gross in order to describe non-predicative dncs. The same model makes it possible to formulate rules concerning productivity and semantic compatibility between the first and second elements of dncs. Finally, we studied metaphorical dncs in terms of prototype theory
Strehler, René. "Étude d'unités phraséologiques en portugais du Brésil : aspects théoriques et application à la traduction : thèse." Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE2007.
Full textKosolritthichai, Wiroj. "Elaboration d'un outil pédagogique informatisé intégrant les collocations pour un public de Français Langue Etrangère." Grenoble 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE39061.
Full textHwang, Bin-Ru. "La rétroconversion des dictionnaires anciens et leur consultation sur version électronique : problèmes et méthodes. Le cas du "Dictionaire (sic) critique de la langue française de l'abbé J.-F. Féraud (1787)." Limoges, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIMO2003.
Full textMeneses, Lerin Luis. "Dictionnaire électronique monolingue coordonné du verbe Donner FR-ES-MEX : approche syntactico-sémantique." Paris 13, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA131035.
Full textAsmi, Mohamad Jamal. "L'élaboration du vocabulaire de base de l'arabe moderne : contribution à la mise en œuvre d'un dictionnaire bilingue arabe/français à vocation pédagogique." Paris, INALCO, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INAL0001.
Full textOur objective in this work es very precise : to give to students of Arabic as a foreign language a linguistic instrument which corresponds to their needs : a selective dictionary with a pedagogical purpose which limits itself to the most useful lexical units with a view to the learning of the basic language system of modern Arabic. As a matter of fact, the teaching of modern languages has experienced throughout the world during about the last 25 years immense changes due in particular to the development of two recent sciences, linguistics and informatics. We have tried to show in this work the most important findings and their effects on the teaching of modern languages in general and of Arabic in particular. This study has enabled us to put into place our methodology concerning the production of a dictionary grouping the fondamental vocabulary destined to the teaching of Arabic : a simple every day vocabulary, understandable by any Arabic speaking person which corresponds to the immediate lexical needs of the users. This dictionary would interest a large and varied public : 1. Arabian countries : schools (example : primary school children) 2. France : a. Introduction to Arabic at University. B. Students of secondary education having chosen Arabic as a foreign language. 3. A public of Arabian origin : pupils or students born in France (commonly called " second generation" speaking French but whose mother tongue is Arabic)
Bidaud, Samuel. "La vicariance en français et dans les langues romanes : (italien, espagnol, portugais)." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOL008.
Full textThe linguistic concept of vicariancy has never been defined precisely. The purpose of this thesis is therefore on the one hand to determine a notion of general linguistics, and on the other hand to study the main vicariant words in French, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese. We will see that vicariant words can be characterized by their incompleteness, by their abstract semantism and by the fact of being semantically neutral with regard to their antecedent. We will study from this point of view the verb faire, the que vicariant, the relative and interrogative pronouns, chose, truc, machin and bidule, the third-person pronouns, the pronouns y and en, the demonstrative pronouns and tous and tout, and, each time, their Italian, Spanish and Portuguese equivalents. Our approach is essentially based on Gustave Guillaume’s psychomecanics of language, which has the advantage of being a complete linguistics, since it considers the langue as well as the transition from this one to the discours. The psychomecanics of language postulates that the sense can be described as a movement of thought, and we will try to reconstruct this movement of thought for each one of the vicariant words we have enumerated.The linguistic concept of vicariancy has never been defined precisely. The purpose of this thesis is therefore on the one hand to determine a notion of general linguistics, and on the other hand to study the main vicariant words in French, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese. We will see that vicariant words can be characterized by their incompleteness, by their abstract semantism and by the fact of being semantically neutral with regard to their antecedent. We will study from this point of view the verb faire, the que vicariant, the relative and interrogative pronouns, chose, truc, machin and bidule, the third-person pronouns, the pronouns y and en, the demonstrative pronouns and tous and tout, and, each time, their Italian, Spanish and Portuguese equivalents. Our approach is essentially based on Gustave Guillaume’s psychomecanics of language, which has the advantage of being a complete linguistics, since it considers the langue as well as the transition from this one to the discours. The psychomecanics of language postulates that the sense can be described as a movement of thought, and we will try to reconstruct this movement of thought for each one of the vicariant words we have enumerated
Merlet, Pauline. "Analyse linguistique du discours lexicographique : le cas des articles homme et femme dans le Grand Robert de la langue française et le Trésor de la langue française." Nantes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NANT3029.
Full textA the junction of the semantic theory and the discourse analysis, the purpose of this work is to construct a processes for a linguistic analysis of lexicographical discourse, from a corpus consists of the entries man and woman in the GR and the TLF, in a confrontative perspective. The first part consist in showing the specificity of the corpus we study, by describing the lexicographical métadiscursive mechanisms, from the viewpoint of the lexicographical theory presented in the preface of each dictionary. The second part consist in linking together the characteristics of lexicographical description we have studied and the postulates of the semantics of possible argumentatives, to construct the argumentative signification of the words woman and man
Hilal, Alaa. "Le statut du terme dans le dictionnaire général : l’exemple du dictionnaire monolingue français, monolingue arabe et bilingue français-arabe." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20032.
Full textThis research aims to study the status - place and treatment - of scientific and technical terms in general dictionaries. General dictionaries concentrate on words (or general language lexicon) whereas specialised dictionaries focus on terms (or specialised language lexicon). However, general dictionaries include, in addition to words, a large number of terms. These terms, which are simultaneously included in both dictionaries types, are the subject of this study. Thus, it proposes to examine the following aspects of the term: macrostructural - choice and location - and mircostructual - labelling, definition and exemplification as well as the term’s equivalent in the Arabic bilingual dictionaries. The terms which are used in this research are from various domains. They are extracted from a trilingual English-French-Arabic corpus which consists of texts published by the UN. The status of these terms is analysed according to two monolingual french dictionaries, two monolingual arabic dictionaries and two bilingual french-arabic dictionaries
Rehail, Hussein. "Études liminaires pour l'élaboration d'un dictionnaire bilingue franco-arabe à vocation pédagogique." Besançon, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BESA1009.
Full textDe, Oliveira Isabelle. "Nature et fonctions de la métaphore dans la terminologie médicale : étude comparée du français et du portugais." Lyon 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2005/oliveira_i.
Full textThe goal of our search consists in analysing the metaphor in the speciality language which still constitute a reflexion theme not very well clarified. In this perspective, the analysis of the metaphor in the cardiology language represents a real ambitious adventure, as it is a will to demostrate that it is not only a simple way to talk, but also a key element of our thought and world experience. One of the major point of this work is to bring a reflexion and a contribution to nature and to the various functions hold by the metaphor in the medical terminology. To do it, we have presented a possible data basis model which throw light on the elucidation of certain questions reguarding the terminological metaphor. Thus, for us, there is no doubt that in the scientific activity, the metaphor is a need, a precious tool, but endowed with characteristical operating instructions. Yet, for a long time this vision of the metaphor was not in favour, as it contrasted with the Wusterian tradition wich had considered the metaphor as a non rational entity aiming at vague representations said to be not only subjectives but also devoid of any scientific rigour, and carrier of ambiguity. Our position is different. The metaphor is a path often followed by scientists who can appreciate its ability to produce knowledge and to denominate. We have also seen that the terminological metaphor has an undeniable walk-on part in the specialized communication, a fact that had been refutated for a long time. The terminological metaphor in the cardiology field carries out five functions : cognitive, heuristic, denominative, metalinguistic, didactic. Finally we will end with the idea of the metaphor presenting itself as a linguistic key with cognitive conceptualization amoung sciences field
Séfrioui, Yasmina. "Traitement des unités lexicales à charge culturelle dans les dictionnaires bilingues français-anglais : le domaine de l'éducation." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34898.
Full textWurbel, Nathalie. "Dictionnaires et bases de connaissances : traitement automatique de données dictionnairiques de langue française." Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX30035.
Full textLee, Sung-Young. "La syntaxe des pronoms clitiques des langues romanes : comparaison de deux approches." Paris 8, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA081031.
Full textFranjié, Lynne. "Etude sémantique et traductologique de verbes arabes dans les dictionnaires bilingues : le Larousse (arabe-français) et le H. Wehr (arabe-anglais)." Lyon 2, 2003. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2003/franjie_l.
Full textMoncharmont, Michèle. "Les expressions figées de l'allemand comportant un nom d'animal : élaboration d'un dictionnaire bilingue." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX10030.
Full textMabrak, Sami. "La macrostructure et la microstructure des dictionnaires historiques : etude analytique et comparative de la macrostructure et de la microstructure des dictionnaires historiques français, anglais et arabe." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2089.
Full textOur thesis is part of the field of lexicography and more precisely of contemporary lexicography. Our study analyses historical dictionaries as a research object. As for the subject of the thesis, it concerns the constitution of the macrostructure and the development of the microstructure for historical dictionaries, which are: the French Historical Dictionary (RH), the English Historical Dictionary (OED) and the Arabic Historical Dictionary (DHLA). The first two are alread published while the third is in progress.Our study has two main goals. First of all it analyses the divergent and convergent elements between macrostructure and microstructure of both RH and OED historical dictionaries. Then it examines these elements and determines those which are applicable in the constitution of macrostructure and the development of DHLA microstructure. To do this, we have chosen the analysis of a corpus mainly from RH and OED dictionaries. We have also appealed to a secondary corpus constituted from general language dictionaries.Our study has affirmed that the three historical dictionaries adopt three different approaches to constitute their macrostructure: etymological for the RH and lexical for the OED, while the DHLA has opted for a complex approach. However these three approaches are implemented by applying three criteria namely, diachronic criterion, orthographical criterion, and etymological criterion. Our study also confirmed that putting main entrances in order directly impacts on the secondary entrances order.As for the microstructure, the three dictionaries elaborate the definition of their entrances by adopting a relatively similar model, built upon three types of information: morphological information, semantic information and contextual information
Chan, Ng Rosita. "Vers un modèle de dictionnaire pour le traitement de divergences de traduction français-espagnol-français : application au domaine du tourisme." Besançon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BESA1006.
Full textThe translation of specific terms of tourism (French-Spanish-French) causes some problems of divergence. Indeed, we notice that the words cannot be translated correctly out of the tourist context, because they give a general, incorrect or literal sense equivalence. Moreover, the presence of linguistic phenomena such as synonymy, polysemy, the non-reversible equivalents, Americanisms, regional variations and others justified the drafting of a bilingual dictionary of tourism. The originality of our research is the use of the systemic analysis (SyGuLAC) of the Tesniere Center to solve this problem as it makes it possible to do this by conceiving a system which can be broken down into other smaller systems thus facilitating a deeper analysis. Thanks to our dictionary, French and Spanish speakers will know the words belonging to the ecology of France and Panama (for example), tourist guides can use our lexicon in their job, translators will be able to use our methodology to translate a specialized lexicon in other languages or fields, and lexicographers and linguists will be able to take as a starting point the systemic approach for the lexical or grammatical analysis and development of dictionaries
Pandim, Gildaris Ferreira. "Étude sur les aspects culturels de la terminologie des contrats de prestation de services en portugais et français." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01011331.
Full textOdjola, Régina Véronique. "Etude de l'emprunt du lingala au portugais et au français à Brazzaville : analyse sociolinguistique du contact des langues présent au Congo." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05H087.
Full textThe contact between languages and cultures generally makes multiple reciprocal influences spring between them, in keeping with all the realms of social life. This influence is outstanding. And the lexis is more concerned than the grammar of the languages in question : numerous words designating new realities or concepts introduced by the culture of foreigners enter at the same time as those realities and concepts in the culture and language of another people and encounter various fortunes : some are rapidly assimilated and definitevely take roots ; others, if they are not completely rejected, stay on the outskirts of the language while waiting for a slow and progressive consecration because either the objects or concepts they designate have not been spontaneously and favourably been accepted, or the local concurrent words resist and do not consent to collapse before them. It is in this way we undertook this our study of borrowing from Portuguese and French by Lingala, a Bantu language spoken in the Congo. We focussed our research in Brazzaville, the capital and also the crossroads of all the languages spoken in the country and, at the same time the site of different cultures evolving in the country
Chaillou-Geronimi, Valérie. "Contribution à l'étude du lexique de la langue des Discours sur le gouvernement, Razgowori ob Wladatelystwu, 1663-1666, de Juraj Križanić." Grenoble 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE39062.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is the study of the lexical content of juraj krizanic language in the "discourses on governement" this heterogeneous language, basically made of croatian (with a kaikavo-cakavian predominancy), as well as church slavonic and folk russian elements, has been considered on a morpho-semantical point of view. In this purpose, the entire vocabulary used in the text (over eight thousand words) has been found and his origin researched. Each term has been translated into french, and a second lexicon with french entries sends back to the first one; a third lexicon with french entries sends back to the first one; a third lexicon gathers all proper nouns. Finally the second part shows the mechanisms of word formation, with the help of a slavic grammar that krizanic wrote himself and in which he explains his linguistic principles. A particular place is made to the numerous neologisms krizanic uses, notably the calques
Siarri-Mesana, Charlotte. "Les mots nouveaux attestés entre 1990 et 2012 dans le Nouveau Petit Robert Électronique 2012 : une étude lexicologique et lexicographique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3147/document.
Full textThe purpose of this PhD thesis is to study how neology manifests itself in a french language dictionary. I have chosen to work on the electronic version of the "Nouveau Petit Robert", since it is the epitome of a reference dictionary. I studied the new attested words that were added between 1990 and 2012 in the "Nouveau Petit Robert Électronique" 2012. This fairly recent attestation period was chosen in order to observe the influence of new technologies on the lexicon.To build up our corpus it was necessary to enter the period between 1990 and 2012 as a search criteria. In doing so, the corpus of this study is now composed of 477 new attested words added between 1990 and 2012.This work intends to bring out the formation modes of these new words as well as the experience areas to which they are linked. A portion of this study was also dedicated to lexicography. In this section the lexicographical particularities of the "Nouveau Petit Robert Électronique" 2012 are highlighted by comparing a few words extracted from its corpus with the same words in two other dictionaries : "Le Petit Larousse Illustré" 2016 and the "Wiktionnaire".The most efficient formation modes for the corpus’ words are those pertaining to the internal matrix with a total of 266 words, as well as those pertaining to the external matrix with a total of 186 words.The corpus’words belonging to the internal matrix are the most numerous, and it indicates that the lexicon renews itself on its own.There is a distinct decline of the social sciences in favor of technical sciences to be observed
Heo, Jin Yeong. "Pour un dictionnaire bilingue coréen-français d'enseignement/apprentissage : principe d'élaboration et propositions d'utilisation didactique." Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030070.
Full textIsmail, Ramia. "Les réseaux de sens issus des racines dans les dictionnaires arabes et arabes-français : une question de traductologie appliquée." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20113.
Full textThe thesis in general is relevant to Arabic studies. It is related to an intersection of two disciplines of the science of language: translation studies and bilingual lexicography. The last mentioned is linked to the translation itself also the meaning issue, more particular, the original text. It represents the crossing point of complex relations between science of translation and lexicography, this issue that we’ll try to solve in the actual work, it will be more about the translation of the Arabic language to the French language and the analyzing of semantic relations of the original text which is the Arabic language in this case. The problem of the bilingual dictionaries Arabic-French is the problem that we’ll look into during all the work of the thesis. That is why we gave a lot of thinking about the necessity of the original language to be confronted by itself according to what Jacobson (1963) has called “intralingual translation”. So we tried to study the lexical data of the language, by analyzing the data of the Arabic language itself while counting on the information given by the monolingual dictionaries that we have chosen. It is known that the bilingual dictionary related to Arabic language has appeared a while after the monolingual dictionary. The Arabic lexicography also known by its richness and its medieval production diversity between the 8th and the 18th centuries. Plus, the Arabic lexicography was not used as it should be and there was not a lot of studies of the subject. The goal of the first part is to use the translation perspective in a hand, and the lexicography from another hand, the object is to introduce the theoretical part in general, the bilingual lexicographical approach, from the semantic analysis of monolingual dictionary in developing the bilingual dictionary. The second part focuses on a study of the monolingual lexicography Arabic to determine its relationship with the bilingual Arabic lexicography. The third and final part focuses on bilingual dictionaries reconsidered in the case of Arabic dictionaries. These dictionaries are indeed led by the necessity to consider two major characteristics of the vocabulary of the language, which is structured around two major areas of semantic families "crossed": Formal roots and their by-roots and grammatical senses associated with morphological syllabic patterns
Liu, Jing. "Étude comparative de deux dictionnaires d'apprentissage français-chinois Larousse compact. Dictionnaire de la langue française avec explications bilingues (2001) et Dictionnaire français-chinois (2003)." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2007. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2528.
Full textCintra, Rosa Virgínia Vieira. "Interactions prosodiques dans l'apprentissage du français langue étrangère par des apprenants brésiliens." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070072.
Full textThe principle aim of this study is to examine some aspects of the prosody of French as a foreign language spoken by students of TLE' who are native Brazilian-Portuguese speakers living in the region of Fortaleza (North-West of Brazil). Moreover, it is claimed that prosody alone, can allow the recognition of non-native French speakers, in other words, is highlighted what I. Fonagy called 'the intonation accent'. This experimental study starts by highlighting the perceptual aspect of this phenomenon: Brazilian'students divided into three groups according to their recognized level of French, are evaluated by a jury of French-speaking and Portuguese-speaking listeners (ail professors of French) in auditory tests based on manipulation allowing eliminating segmental information. Native French, native Brazilian and 'French-Brazilian' utterances (interlingua) were analyzed at the acoustic level, which helped making obvious the prosodic cues allowing the recognition of the 'non- native'. The results allow to confirm the influence of the intonation of the mother tongue (Brazilian) on French sentences uttered by Brazilian students. The comparison was held referring to the analysis of utterances of the same type (same modality and comparable syntactic structures in the two languages) pronounced by both native French and Brazilian speakers, as well as to the prosodic model of the French language given by Philippe Martin ('slope contrast'), model extended to the other Romance languages including Brazilian Portuguese. The prosodic re-synthesis confirmed the results of the acoustic analysis. On the teaching level, this study would help in proposing a new method to improve the realization of prosody by visualization of the intonation curves