Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Français (langue) – Grammaire – Terminologie'
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Mosca, Alessandra. "Terminologie grammaticale comparative et historique du français et de l'italien : Autour de l'adjectif." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070007.
Full textThis work investigates the field of the grammatical terminology by comparing two terminological systems : the french one and the italian one. Our analysis is based on a double hypothesis: on one side, we think that the grammatical term is connected to the linguistic item that it designes; on the other side, the term may depend on an ideological choice which can be independent from the language system. We corroborate our hypothesis by a comparative and historical approach. The analysis of the terms determinants/articoli and aggettivi determnativi are supposed to show the connexion between terminology and language systems, while the opposition between attribut and attributo, which are false friends, should be taken as an example of the influence exerced by the ideological context on terminological choices. We consider grammars written between the beginning of the sixteenth century and 1910, when the first official terminologie grammaticale of french appeared
Dupas, Chantal. "Perception et langage : étude linguistique du fonctionnement des verbes de perception auditive et visuelle en anglais et en français." Bordeaux 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR30014.
Full textThe analysis of the verbs of perception (see hear) requires establishing a relationship between the functioning of the verb and the perceptive experience. An oscillatory model lays stress upon a movement between different functionings reflecting the subject's attitude (simply receptive or on the contrary active): - localizing function: in aoristic utterances the process has an inchoative value, the subject is the site of the event (this precludes any cause and effect relationship), he is non agentive, the predicative relation is object-oriented (x is visible to y), there is no preconstruction and no prospective operation. Qnt qlt cannot be dissociated. - agentive function: in negative , interrogative or performative utterances or in utterances with modals like can (possibility or capacity), with aspectual values (be-ing), the subject acts upon the object or another subject (interagentivity). The predicative relation is then subject-oriented. The properties of the localizing verb are destabilized. Hyper-agentive function: semantic analysis. A study of perceptive illusions. This approach invalidates the classical dichotomy between the verbs of involuntary and voluntary perception
Bena, Jonas Makamina. "Contribution à l'étude de la terminologie grammaticale: la nomenclature des formes verbales." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211229.
Full textLa terminologie grammaticale – fixée par un long usage, par la tradition – est peu satisfaisante. Elle correspond à des vues qui sont pour une grande part étrangères au véritable mécanisme de la langue, ignoré de ceux qui ont établi cette terminologie, devenue celle de l’enseignement. A quoi il faut ajouter que la terminologie traditionnelle, de caractère philosophique, toute pénétrée de logique formelle, a eu cette infortune d’être retouchée inconsidérément par des esprits moins pénétrants que ceux qui l’avaient conçue.
Ce point de vue est, aujourd’hui comme hier, partagé par la plupart des grammairiens lato sensu. Le verdict des uns et des autres est à la fois sévère et amer :la terminologie grammaticale est incertaine, incohérente, inexacte, incomplète, contraire à la vérité, trompeuse, confuse, désordonnée, défectueuse, voire désastreuse (Nicolas Beauzée, 1767 :500-501 ;Antoine Meillet, 1936 :31 ;Holger Sten, 1952 :9) ;Robert-Léon Wagner, 1947 :59 ;Gustave Guillaume, 1973 [leçon du 18 fév. 1949] :108 ;Gérard Moignet, 1981 :163 ;Louis Holtz, 1981 :11). L’on ne pouvait faire meilleur état des lieux !
Ce travail s’est efforcé de répondre aux trois questions suivantes :1° une terminologie « parlante » est-elle possible et nécessaire en grammaire ?2° quelle(s) piste(s) les linguistes devraient-ils explorer pour rationaliser la nomenclature et la description des formes verbales ?3° comment les grammairiens ont-ils forgé, au fil des siècles, la nomenclature des formes verbales ?
Que conclure ?
Nous voudrions d’abord noter que la question terminologique constitue un casse-tête consécutif, pour une grande part, à la forte pression de la tradition sur les pratiques grammaticales.
Les concessions faites à l’usage sont telles que toute tentative d’innovation est suspecte .Les exemples sont légion :Girard, Lévizac, Sicard, Domergue, Butet ,etc. subirent tous, à tort ou à raison, les feux nourris de la critique à cause de leur engagement terminologique. Les détracteurs avaient pour noms :Voltaire, Du Marsais, Condillac, Roederer et Brunot.
Voltaire (cité par Brunot, 1905-1953, tome VI, 1e fascicule, p. 902) recommanda même le boycott de la nouvelle grammaire de Girard :
Je recommande, écrivit-il, sur-tout aux jeunes de ne pas lire la nouvelle grammaire de sieur abbé Girard ;elle ne feroit qu’embarrasser l’esprit, par les nouveautez difficiles dont elle est remplie ;et sur-tout elle serviroit à corrompre le stile.
Roederer ne fut pas plus tendre à l’endroit de Domergue. En somme, les attaques à l’endroit des « néologismes grammaticaux » constituent, dans l’histoire de la grammaire, une réalité permanente.
A la fin des années 60 et au début des années 70, Georges Galichet tournait en dérision la terminologie en usage en grammaire générative et transformationnelle, tandis que, plus près de nous, Marc Wilmet (1992) s’insurgeait contre ceux qui accusent les linguistes de « jargonner ».
En ce qui nous concerne, nous avons estimé dans cette thèse que la création terminologique est à la fois nécessaire et possible. Elle devrait conduire, comme nous l’avons postulé au § 3.2.2.1, à l’émergence d’une nomenclature explicative. D’ailleurs, des modèles de terminologie « parlante » existent :nous avons cité les travaux de Guillaume, Damourette et Pichon, Yvon, Wilmet.
Un métalangage grammatical explicatif devrait même, à notre avis, s’imposer et se généraliser pour les trois raisons suivantes :1° la terminologie joue le rôle « d’avant-science »; 2° contrairement aux autres sciences dont le vocabulaire technique renvoie à des objets, en grammaire, derrière les “mots” se profilent non pas des objets, mais des idées et d’autres “mots” dont l’ensemble constitue la science grammaticale. Autrement dit, le triptyque « terme (mot) –> concept –> référent » pourrait être réduit à une reformulation simplifiée où le concept se confondrait avec le référent; 3° contrairement à l’arbitraire consacré du signe linguistique, la création des expressions métalinguistiques est en général utilitaire et plus ou moins individuelle.
A la lumière de ce qui précède, toute nouvelle création d’expression métalinguistique devrait satisfaire à une condition :l’adéquation, même partielle, de la nouvelle dénomination avec le contenu morpho-sémantique qu’elle désigne. En effet, chaque terme en linguistique contiendrait de manière condensée tout un programme sémantique. Mais, le terme ainsi crée devrait aussi répondre à un besoin réel.
Par ailleurs, la principale piste à explorer dans l’entreprise de la rationalisation et de l’harmonisation de la terminologie grammaticale consisterait à homogénéiser les critères définitoires des classes grammaticales. Pour les modes verbaux, nous avons proposé d’associer judicieusement les critères sémantiques et morphologique. Le premier concerne l’actualité, le second la personne grammaticale.
Ces deux paramètres interviennent, d’après Moignet (1981 :57) et nous l’avons suivi dans son raisonnement, à part égale dans la faculté qu’a toute forme verbale de “signifier le “temps” en plus de sa signification propre”.
Grâce à l’exploitation de ces deux variables, nous avons, en nous inspirant largement de Gustave Guillaume et de Marc Wilmet, proposé à titre de simple hypothèse de travail, que les trois « chronothèses guillaumiennes » représentent effectivement, au niveau du discours grammatical, les trois modes verbaux auxquels elles correspondent: 1° le mode nominal (ou quasi nominal) = infinif + participe => mode virtualisatif impersonnel; 2° l’in fieri = subjonctif => mode virtualisatif personnel ;3° l’in esse = indicatif => mode actualisatif personnel.
La principale objection à cette proposition serait d’opposer au double principe de « virtualisation » et d’« actualisation », sur lequel repose notre argumentation, des emplois contraires à cette tripartition modale. Ne nous leurrons pas, c’est une difficulté réelle. La parade nous est fournie, fort heureusement, par Gérard Moignet (1959b :94-95) qui renvoie à l’enseignement de Gustave Guillaume:
Il [Guillaume] insiste dans son enseignement sur la prudence qui s’impose en linguistique de la parole :on y est toujours exposé à rencontrer un sens d’emploi de mot qui soit en contradiction avec la vue fondamentale que le mot apporte de lui-même.
Pour finir, nous avons suffisamment montré tout au long de notre dissertation que la nomenclature des formes verbales, comme d’ailleurs le reste de la grammaire, est dans ses grandes lignes constituée de l’héritage gréco-latin. A certaines époques, comme au XVIIe siècle, cet héritage est malheureusement « corrompu » :par ex. la suppression de toute trace référant à l’époque dans certaines étiquettes. C’est, malheureusement, encore le cas, aujourd’hui, dans la plupart des grammaires scolaires et dans les productions scientifiques des linguistes.
Il faudrait aussi mentionner, au passif des grammairiens du XVIIe siècle et certains de leurs successeurs du début du XVIIIe siècle, l’ignorance des formes verbales surcomposées, pourtant attestées au XVIe siècle.
Comme nous l’avons dit, la terminologie grammaticale est défaillante depuis l’antiquité gréco-romaine jusqu’à ce jour. Elle s’est formée, à travers les siècles, au gré des fantaisies personnelles greffées sur l’essentiel du génie grec et latin. A part quelques rares exceptions, les apports des grammairiens français n’ont amélioré ni les critères de description du verbe, ni la nomenclature des formes verbales.
Nous avons dans le corps de ce texte signalé les acquis de chaque époque retenue dans cette étude. Il serait donc superflu d’y revenir dans le détail. Nous allons cependant rappelé, au risque d’en faire une antienne, les quelques progrès réalisés dans l’étude du verbe entre le XVIIe siècle et le début du XXe siècle :
1° la distinction des temps simples et des temps composés selon la forme chez D’Aisy (1674, 1685), Régnier-Desmarais (1706), Buffier (1709), etc.
2° l’exclusion, déjà au XVIIIe siècle, de l’impératif de la liste des modes verbaux ;3° l’intégration, depuis ce même siècle, des formes en –rais dans le mode indicatif (p. ex. chez Buffier, 1709 ;Restaut, 1730 et Ayer, 1853) avant que le XIXe siècle ne revienne en force au mode conditionnel;
4° l’institution par Nicolas Beauzée (1767) du principe des « ordres relationnels » (époque de comparaison, terme de comparaison, repère, rapport d’existence, etc.) dans la description des temps du verbe ;5° l’exploitation de la série complète des formes simples vs formes composées (Buffier, 1709) ;
6° la tripartition des tiroirs en formes simples / composées / surcomposées chez Dangeau (cf. supra, § 6.3.1.2) :p. ex. prétérit simple je chante /prétérit composé j’ai chanté /prétérit surcomposé j’ai eu chanté, etc.
7° l’usage par Dangeau (1754), à la suite de Girard (1747), des quantifiants et caractérisants numéraux comme discriminants des formes verbales :p. ex. premier temps surcomposé que j’aie eu marché /second temps surcomposé que j’eusse eu marché / troisième temps surcomposé jaurois eu marché) ;
8° la mise sur pied des néologismes très producteurs :futur passé (Restaut, 1730 ;Lhomond, 1780 ;Girault-Duvivier, 1811), futur antérieur (De Wailly, 1754 ;Sicard, 1799 ;Noël et Chapsal, l823 ;Brachet et Dusouchet, 1888, 1889), futur du passé (Maquet et al. 1921), futur antérieur du passé (Clédat, 1896 ;Maquet et al. 1921).
De toutes ces innovations, la théorie des «ordres relationnels » est celle qui a eu le plus d’impact sur les linguistes du XXe siècle. Comme nous l’avons vu, Guillaume et Wilmet, pour ne prendre que ces deux exemples, s’en sont inspirés dans la mise sur pied de leurs théories respectives :celle de la « chronogénèse » et celle du « repère ».
Ces deux approches du système verbal ont conduit à une description intéressante des modes, des aspects et des tiroirs. C’est une véritable révolution. Un seul regret :la méfiance injustifiée des auteurs de manuels et livres de grammaire à l’égard de cet important renouveau terminologique.
Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation langue et littérature
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Hounhouayenou-Toffa, Adjovi Ernest. "La notion d'irréel et ses avatars terminologiques dans les grammaires françaises et anglophones de l'anglais." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL072.
Full textBased on a vast corpus of grammars and dictionaries of linguistic terminology, all published between the 16th and the 21st centuries in the French and Anglophone traditions, this thesis exposes and unravels the paradoxes raised by the term irréel and its equivalent unreal(ity). If several studies have indeed analysed the linguistic expression of unreality in present-day English, only few have shed light on the discontinuity between the unspecialised use of the term and the specialised one. Notwithstanding that it is a conventional term in the French grammatical tradition, irréel and its equivalent unreal(ity) are often portrayed as referring to nebulous and abstract notions, with polymorphic terminological manifestations, which explains why their adequacy and usefulness are at stake in linguistic descriptions. Our corpus-based approach thus seeks to explain and ultimately solve the problem posed by the complex terminological web that arises out of these notions. A careful perusal of our corpus reveals that, in view of the way unreality is conceptualised in French and Anglophone grammars, non-factuality cannot be conceived as a binary category. In line with the socio-cognitive approach to terminology, we suggest a modelisation of unreality that is articulated around a prototype structure
Soulié-D'Andrea, Anne. "Recherches sur la notion de particule dans la grammaire française (1540-1780)." Montpellier 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON30071.
Full textThis work aims at investigating the function of the notion 'particle' in french grammar during two centuries and a half. The term, inherited from latin grammar and introduced by dolet (1540), designates some small words: articles, auxiliary verbs, pronouns, prepositions and non-inflected words. Xviith century grammarians use the term with great extend when they are facing a difficulty to classify a word which doesn't exist in latin or cannot be translated literally. By another way, vaugelas, the leading exponent of the 'usage school', refer the good usage of french language to the usage of the particles, regarded as the spirit of our vernacular. In the article 'particle' of the encyclopaedia, beauzee puts an end to this view denying the assumption that particles are one of the parts of speech and restraining to affix their function. The purpose of this work is also to bring a contribution to the history of the grammatical terminology and all the words called particles by grammarians during the period investigated are listed in the appendix
Chebouti, Karim. "Le vocabulaire médical du point de vue des trois fonctions primaires." Thesis, Paris 13, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA131006/document.
Full textThis thesis falls within the framework of the Three Primary Functions theory based on Z. Harris’s distributionalist theory (predicative function, argumental function and actualizing function), as well as in the line of work that does not distinguish between general and specialized languages considering their syntactic and semantic functioning. The medical terminology is described here in the context of the sentence. We analyzed the medical terms according to their argumental or predicative employment. This analysis led to the development of databases. A query interface has been developed subsequently, to allow potential users to conduct targeted research
Elalouf, Aurélia. "Histoire de la première nomenclature grammaticale officielle en France (janvier 1905 - avril 1911)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA134.
Full textThis study recounts the history of the first official grammatical nomenclature in France, since the first public debates on the necessity of a terminological simplification and unification (from January 1905) to the promulgation of the three official texts that are the decree of the 25th of July 1910 (that fixes the list of the grammatical terms that have to be known in the exams and examinations of both primary and secondary educations) as well as the circular of the 28th of September 1910 and the note of the 21st of March 1911 (that both explain how the decree has to be implemented). The study raises political, theoretical and epistemological issues: the simplification and unification of grammatical nomenclatures encounter the State’s will to improve the command of the national language and to unify education on the entire territory; the elaboration of the nomenclature reveals the problems caused by the analysis of verbal constructions and the complex sentence at the beginning of the 20th century; the reform of the nomenclatures highlights the tension between a terminological ideal and the reality of practices. These issues consistently intersect with didactic questions: on the place of an explicit teaching of grammar in the teaching of language, on the relations that school knowledge has with academic knowledge or furthermore on the limitations imposed by what can be taught
Gomez, Lucia. "Conceptualisation et expression linguistique de l'évènement émotionnel en espagnol (L1/L2) et en français : une approche cognitive : analyse linguistique et proposition didactique." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENL022/document.
Full textThe aim of this Ph.D. Thesis, which is based on the theoretical framework of Cognitive Linguistics, is to identify and characterize (in a descriptive and contrastive manner) the resources related to the expression of the change of emotion event in Spanish (L1 and L2) and French (L1). Thanks to our findings, but also to other data sources, we were also able to make some pedagogical propositions for the teaching of the notions of change and emotion in a second language
Este trabajo de investigación, que se inscribe en el marco teórico de la lingüísticacognitiva, responde al objetivo de repertoriar y caracterizar los recursos necesariospara la expresión del evento de cambio emocional en español (L1 y L2) y en francés(L1), bajo un enfoque tanto descriptivo como contrastivo. Los resultados obtenidos,junto con otras fuentes, han permitido formular algunas recomendaciones didácticaspara la enseñanza de las nociones de cambio y emoción en lengua extranjera
Safa, Parivash. "L' expression de l'inchoativité en français et en persan." Besançon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BESA1022.
Full textLablanche, Anne. "L’infinitif complément d'un verbe, d'un adjectif, d'un nom : écriture d'un fragment de grammaire." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100111.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to build a piece of French grammar explaining the use of the infinitive syntax within the framework of polychrome tree grammars. The thesis comprises two parts. The first part studies problems associated with the infinitive. The infinitive, like a verb, has complements and the component it forms with its complements can in turn be the complement to a verb, a noun or an adjective. Traditional grammars express this as the double nature of an infinitive: it has the properties of a verb and of a noun/ it has both verbal and nominative properties. It is therefore difficult to insert the infinitive syntax into a formal model allowing the use of computational linguistics. We define the infinitive component as the unit comprising an infinitive verb and its complements. We explain why this term is preferable to “infinitive subordinated proposition”. The second part examines the syntactic analysis of infinitive components within the framework of polychrome tree grammars and is organized around the contexts in which the infinitive is used (a verb, a noun, an adjective). A polychrome tree grammar representation makes it possible to test this formalism and demonstrates the benefits of separating the syntactic function of each category. One can thus explain the cases in which the component of a non-nominal category performs a role generally performed by a noun. Finally, this work on the syntax of the infinitive, which revisits certain studies from traditional grammars, enriches the formalism constructed within the framework of computational linguistics
Chardon-Lechêne, Emmanuelle. "Le mode subjonctif en français moderne : perspectives en grammaire générative." Paris 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA030114.
Full textSyntactic analyses of natural languages conspicuously differ in the way in which they take meaning into account, and they also crucially differ in the identification of the units they take to be relevant. As regards the empirical question of the subjunctive mood, the head Cʿ and its projection CP appear to be a particularly salient locus for its occurrence since, in general, mood is a grammatical categoy that contributes to the expression of modality. Moreover, it is also relevant to observe what is implied by native speakers' intuitions regarding the subjunctive, such as subjectivity parameters, which cannot be accounted for within the strict limits of truth-conditionally oriented Logical Form. The main contention of this dissertation consists in rejecting the exclusive disjunction reading of the following characterisation of the subjunctive: "either the mood of complementation, or the mood of subjectivity", and to show that both these dimensions are needed to account for the data - and interact. From a morphophonological point of view, the French subjunctive paradigms are analysed as belonging under the general category "Past" and are shown to derive from the imperfect tense ones. From the semantic point of view, a strong relationship is recognised (or established) between the occurrences of this mood and a feature of "deassertion" located in Tʿ, the functional head locally c-commanded by Cʿ, and appears in contexts where psychological subjects are involved
Fitouri, Idriss. "Grammaire et enseignement du français aux étudiants libyens." Grenoble 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE39043.
Full textChinkarouk, Oleg. "Système verbal et aspect en ukrainien, en russe et en français : étude contrastive." Grenoble 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE39033.
Full textAlthough the verbal systels of french and slavic languages are structured quite differently, they are both based on the category of aspect. A comparison of the verbal systems of the ukrainian and russian with that of french is both possible and necessary, especially within a teaching perspective. Such a comparison must however be founded on the general theoretical principles provided by grammatical metalanguage. Aspectual values - i. E. The non-complete, perfect and aoristic - provide us with netalinguistic notions which coer be used to describe french, ukrainian and russian. In french, the grammatical category of aspect manifests itself in the opposition between simple and compound verbal forms. In slavic languages, on the other hand, aspect constitutes a lexicogrammatical category. The opposition between perfective and imperfective aspect is also an opposition between two distinct verbs
Bélanger, Alain. "Le problème des groupes N de N et sa solution en lexique-grammaire : les constructions NO avoir Dét Na de Nb W." Paris 13, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA131023.
Full textThis work deals with the linguistic representation problem of n de n predicative groups in contemporary franch in the theoretical and methodological framework of lexicon-grammar (m. Gross 1975; z. Harris 1976, 1991). The solution adopted in lexicon-grammar (g. Gross 1987, 1988) establishes that thousands of n de n groups are compound words and that they must receive the same lexicographic treatment as the simple words. The analysis of linguistic facts in the harrissan theoretical framework, on which lexicon-grammar is based, shows that the predicative groups with the carrier verb avoir present various relations of equivalence with others constructions, that their components can receive modifyers and that the first noun of the group is the predicative nucleus which selects the arguments of the sentence. This analysis is correlated of the studies realized on compound words : there is not any formal criterion which permits to identify, in the n de n group set, the groups which are compounds nouns. This identification is just based on personal judgements. We licence in this manner a new documentary research program which consists of recognizing, in the n de n groups set, the groups which incorporate an equivalence relations sub-system. This set will receive a lexico-syntactic treatment and not just a lexical one. The others will be inserted in the dictionnary and in the lexicon-grammars with precaution, because this relational sub-system experts a systematic pression on the language which can result its reanalysis as nominal groups
Signaté, Diame. "Grammaire française : les systèmes corrélatifs dans l'histoire du français jusqu'au dix-septième siècle." Paris 13, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA131012.
Full textWe studied the correlative systems in the history of the french language from the middle ages up to the classical epoch. Our study though based on historical backgrounds, it also includes many theoretical analysis to explain the idea of "correlation" and to identify the structure of all the syntaxes. This study permitted to discover the changes which took place between 11 and 17 century. It shows also an intelligent use of a sentence must be made when correlating a proposition with another. It clearly shows also that the middle age authors excessively used the word correlation and this has frequently different meaning from its modern usage
Budzinski, Laure. "Étude historique et étymologique de la terminologie linguistique française." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0272/document.
Full textA research on the etymology and history of linguistics terminology will provide an important gain in historical and etymological knowledge. This gain concerning the description of particular scientific terms has broader implications: improved knowledge on the coining process of the linguistics vocabulary, as well as indications about the possible consequences that a massive progress of the description of an important portion of the internationalisms could have on the etymological sub-discipline itself. This thesis also contributes to a methodological progress in a weak area of the etymological science, a progress all the more significant as it is crucial to our understanding of the current functioning of lexical creation in French. An outstanding characteristic of this thesis is that it lays at the intersection of several fields, covering lexicology (and lexicography, since it encompasses a section devoted to lexicographical entries), terminology (since the subject of these articles is linguistic terms) and etymology. Furthermore, the philological aspect of this research is important because the work on the beginning of the existence of terms led us to analyze various types of texts belonging to different periods. We then exploit the new data offered by the lexicographical entries in order to provide a synthetic view of the constitution of the French linguistics terminology
Essien, Margaret M. "Etude de quelques opérateurs de la grammaire ibibio en contraste avec l'anglais et le français." Paris 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA030159.
Full textOur study aims at singling out some major principles underlying the functioning of the nominal and verbal systems of ibibio, english and french, with a view to contributing to scholarship in the area of foreign language teaching, and elaborating general language theories. For this purpose, our study is carried out within the framework of the metaoperational theory put forward by professor henri adamczewski. In the first chapter, we present the ibibio language; its sociolinguistic context, its speakers, its phonology and its morphosyntax, and we lay emphasis on features that distinguish it from english and french. The second chapter deals with the nominal group, particularly with the formation of nouns and with their actual use in discourse by means of determinants (keet, mfn, ami, ako, and ado) and quantifiers (mme, afit, uwak, and ubaak). Similar operations in english and french are also examined. The pronoun is also examined in this chapter and differences between the languages in this domain pointed out. The third chapter considers the verbal group. The elements of this group team up with the verb to a predicative relation. In this sphere, ibibio distinguishes itself from english and french by the fact that some of tis predicative elements are tonal in nature. In conclusion, it would appear that a better understanding of the functioning of ibibio is a requirement for the effective learning of french and other languages by speakers of ibibio
Barrier, Nicolas. "Une méta-grammaire des adjectifs du français : une application aux TAG." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070038.
Full textMetagrammars have helped reduce the development time of a tree adjoining grammar by taking advantage of a factorization of syntactic information, based on the use of a multiple inheritance network. Intuitively, the idea is to automatically combine multiple tree sketches in order to define elementary trees designing TAG families. The work we describe in our thesis is intended to enrich the wide coverage Tree Adjoining Grammar developed for the French language [Abeille, 1991, 2002]. So far, MGs have been used to develop grammars for main verbs [Candito, 1999] or predicative nouns [Barrier, 2006]. It was relevant to show the adequacy of MGs for phenomenes whose features are more complex than the verbal System proper. In this thesis, we recall the theoretical issues and problems that often come with the use of metagrammars. We then present the solutions we've sketched. We therefore begin by deeply reviewing the general organization of a metagrammar compiler, and then present the extensions we have proposed
Santin-Guettier, Anne-Marie. "Etude contrastive de quelques operateurs d'iteration." Paris 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA03A123.
Full textThe chief iterators analysed in this research work are "again", "encore", "deja", "always", "toujours", "jamais", and particularly the operator "ever". Within the scope of the metaoperational theory, our goal is to explain the linguistic phenomena observed in contemporary english and french. Three centres of interest are prominent : the operational weight inherent in each iterator, the workings of each iterator in context, as well as the sense effects arising from the combination of those two factors
Soyoye, Festus Ayodeji. "Etude contrastive des systèmes verbaux du Yoruba et du Français." Paris 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA030027.
Full textThe contrastive analysis proper is preceeded by the basic principles and the linguistic and contrastive theoretical presuppositions as well as a socio-linguistic presentation of the two linguistic communities we take as verb, any element which expresses an action and at the same time, can play the role of predicate in a simple sentence. Unlike that of french, the yoruba verb has a simple morphological structure that can be represented as cv (cv). As the description of a grammatical category can not be complete without talking about the morphemes with which it has special semantic and syntactic affinities, chapters 2 and 3 deal with the relationships between the verbs of the two languages and the categories of aspect and tense as well as the marks gender and persons. Apart from the universal function of predicate, the yoruba verb as well as that of french, can fill adjectival as well as nominal functions in sentences. The most important difference between the verbs of the two languages, as far as syntactic roles are concerned, lies in the fact that the yoruba verb can play prepositionnal as well as deictic roles as found in serial verb constructions
Yune, Sok-Man. "Contribution à la construction d'une "grammaire onomasiologique" du français : de l'évènement aux énoncés." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040167.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is mainly to examine and to discuss theoretical bases of what can be called a "semantic or notional grammar" of a natural language. Such a grammar takes as decisive criteria not linguistic forms (morpho-syntax) but sentence production mecanisms by the speaker (enunciator). For this purpose, the sentence production mecanisms are first caracterized within the framework of the enunciation model (performance model) of b. Pottier. Special attention is given to the idea that what the speaker puts into linguistic signs is an abstract and global message elaborated as the result of mental representation called "conceptualization" taking place at the moment of each enunciation. The operation of conceptualization which b. Pottier considers as being practically independant of a particular linguistic system is described as a set of choices of mental operations articulated at two levels : conceptual level i where the speak chooses an event as a base of mental representation and conceptual level ii where the speaker projects, on the event choosen at level i, different sorts of mental operations directly depending on his intentionnality (six categories assumed to be universal are distinguished : diathesis, actance, determination, aspect, time (tense) and modality). Once this theoretical approach is presented and justified, an application to french is put forward, especially for the diatheses operations
Basanj, Danial. "Pour une grammaire du sens en FLE." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA1039.
Full textOur project is summarized as follows: To present didactic issues of the use of a semantic grammar within the framework of training the French teachers and teaching the french language in Iran. To present a semantic grammar, according to a onomasiological approach on the basis of the principal semantic notions (general semantic categories, speech acts, etc) essential to the teaching-training of French foreign language and organizing the presentation of the processes of their linguistic expression; Development of the activities of teaching-Ieaming of French foreign language formatting knowledge to be taught founded on the semantic grammar
Deliktasli-Tahir, Nesrin. "Etude comparative des participes en turc et en français." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030118.
Full textThe research that we present concerns the characteristics of the turkish language writen and oral confronted with the french writen and oral from the analysis of participles with the turkish ones and their equivalents in french. The participle in turkish has six suffixes that are added to the root of the verb (v -(y)en, v- dik, v-mis, v-(y)ecek, v-(y)esi, v-r). It has an adjectival use : it is then invariably, no other suffix comes to attach to the suffix of participle, and it is placed in frontof the name that it determines. It has also a nominal use : it is then endowed with suffixes peculiar to the name (marks of case, possessive suffixes) or the mark of plural -ler, (-lar), and it is placed in front of the group built by the main verb placed at the end of the utterance. It has finally a predicative use : it is then placed in frontof the marker of existential predicate(var/yok). The +anteposition; of the turkish participle is true to the typological order of this agglutinating language [determiner + determinatum]. The participle in french has not a so great regularity as the participle in turkish. It is advisable indeed to distinguish the present participle, characterized by the suffix "-ant", that retains its verb status (actantial construction, modalisation by an adverb), that is invariable, and that has a relative autonomy in the utterance. In case it determines a name, it is necessarily placed after this name, according to the typological order of french [determinatum + determiner]. Our study has considered also the problem of intonatives variations of the participles. This analysis of utterances producted in natural situations shows that the intonative level of participles in turkish takes place in general between the level h2-h3. We have examined successively the intonative characteristics of the present participle in -(y)en then of the passed participle in -dik and in -mi@ and finally of the future participle in -(y)ecek. The analysis and hypothesises that we have presented take into account of the intonative recurrent facts in two corpus collect. The intonative analysis of participles show three different cases : either the participle has a rising intonative curve in relation to the n that follows it, or the participle has a descending intonative curve in relation to the n or else the both have flat intonative curves
Kibar, Hüseyin. "Le système casuel en turc et son équivalent en français." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040244.
Full textIn the first chapter, we researched the theories regarding the cases such as structuralist, generativist-transformationnalist and semanticologic. In the second chapter of our research, starting from the theories of turcologs, we tried to analyse the relationship of the cases, in the linguistic level, in Turkish and their equivalents in French. In the third and last chapter, in the conceptual level, we studied the case markings, following the onomasiologic method, in Turkish and their equivalents in French - where those equivalents are used as prepositions - for comparing those two above levels and to get linguistic and semantico-logic information. Finally, we tried to show the rules and teleonomic principles contained in the cases' system in Turkish through semantico-logic view
Esber, Nabil. "La terminologie de la linguistique : problèmes de traduction français-arabe." Lyon 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO3A001.
Full textChaput, Béatrice. "La question de l'acceptabilité en grammaire de corpus." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040204.
Full textPétry, Jean-Luc. "Le pronom "il" en traduction assistée par ordinateur : étude théorique." Metz, 1996. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/prive/UPVM_T_1996_Petry_Jean_Luc_LMZ9609.pdf.
Full textThe object of our research in linguistics was basically the identification process of the referent of french personal pronoun il. The process calls for a formalisation procedure in the perspective of computer-aided translation (CAT) systems. Consequently, this research is not a study on anaphora, even if this concept remains central to the investigation. The study refers essentially to the first stage of the CAT procedures : analysis. We examined il successively as an impersonal and personal pronoun, and tried to identify or rather "calculate" the right antecedent. The corpora used for experimentation were of two types : literary (Les mots by Jean-Paul Sartre) and legal / technical (Esprit Report published by the EEC Commission). The research is therefore primarily theoritical. The point was to investigate the possibility of elborating a grammar of logic or modular type, and a dictionnary or data base that could be used at a later stage by an expert system designed to identify automatically the right antecedent. The process had to leave no room to intuitive procedures that cannot be supported by CAT systems in current state-of-the-art conditions. As a consequence, operations can be validated only if formalisation is possible. However, some amount of knowledge can be integrated into the process. In short, the study can be considered as a contribution to some of the issues involved in the man-machine dialogue issue. The application of the model provided following results : il is properly identified as an impersonal pronoun in 96% cases and the antecedent of the personal pronoun is recognised in 95. 52 occurences. Various methods including quantitative analysis, knowledge representation in pragmatics, application of unification-based grammars, Discourse Representation Theory (DRT), lexical functions, pointed at interesting solutions to solve the remaining 5% ambiguous cases. The obvious follow-up to this study would consist in the writing of a program and an implementation of the data collected to check on the valididity of the results mentioned above
Lee-Kim, Hae-Ran. "Etude de l'apprentissage du système pronominal français par des locuteurs de langue coréenne." Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX10089.
Full textThis study is an example of conjunction of an interlinguistic comparison and analysis of errors. The contrastive analysis of the expression of five categories which appear in pronouns (the person, the number, the gender, the animacy and the function) confirms that grammatical categorisation does not always square with semantic categorisation in a same language and they don't square one with another in two languages such as french and korean. Error analysis shows that the difficulties in learning french pronouns by korean people concern, for the most part, the general notional categories, essential composants of communication. The practice of french pronouns by koreans is a grammatical process, progressive and so different from that in the maternal language, of certain pragmatic intentions (designate or repeat) in the target language. It is in this point of view that we envisage the reexploration of the conclusions of the contrastive analysis and the error analysis and that we redefine the nature of the pedagogic intervention in the practive of french pronouns
Segond, Frédérique. "Grammaire catégorielle du français : étude théorique et implantation : le système GraCE (Grammaire Catégorielle Etendue)." Paris, EHESS, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990EHES0015.
Full textThe frame of this work is the categorial grammars model. Our goal is to use the categorial theory and build a french categorial parser (the GraCE system). First, we present the variou grammatical models (GPSG, ATN, Gross "lexique-grammaire"). Then we distincts currents in categorial grammars : the Lambek calculus models, the extended Lambek calculus models, the applicative grammar model. The rest of the work is our personal contribution in the domain. A theoretical part present our formal tools and a "practical" part presents the computing architecture. Some obtained parses are given at the end the thesis
Raby, Valérie. "La proposition dans la grammaire generale francaise (1660-1803)." Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA070057.
Full textLee, Hee-Young. "L'auxiliation aspectuelle en coréen et en français." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040056.
Full textThe aim of this dissertation is to elaborate certain notions concerning two major linguistic phenomena, namely auxiliation and aspect, and to apply them to the Korean and French predicate systems. The following question are addressed : how can a lexical verb be employed as a grammatical marker; is auxiliation motived by semantics of the verb; and what are the characteristics of the aspectual auxiliation in the two languages? In the first section, we present general theoretical issues on auxiliation and aspect. The aspectual categorizations of Korean and French are discussed using the analysis grid proposed by Dik (1989, 1997). Korean aspectual auxiliaries need the complex verbal construction [Vp-Aux], whereas French aspectual auxiliaries are formed periphrastically with an infinitive (with or without a preposition). In the second section, Korean aspectual auxiliaries are examined and compared to the French equivalents for various aspectual values (inchoative, progressive, continuative, resultative, terminative, iterative, and attemptive). The "superposition of markers" (cf. Lemaréchal 1989, 1997) seems to be able to explain the polyfunctionality of such auxiliaries. Each arguments, the semantic properties of the auxiliary, the connector (preposition or conjonctive suffix), the adverbs, etc The close interaction between different TAM categories (Tense-Aspect-Modality) is illustrated by the function of the relevant auxiliaries. From our observation, the majority of the Korean and French verbs show semantic continuity in their use as auxiliaries ( cf. The phenomenon of the persistence, Hopper 1991 ). It can be said that , in the course of grammaticalization, the verb retains a relatively abstracted version of its primary meaning in its auxiliary uses
Strnadová, Jana. "Les réseaux adjectivaux : sur la grammaire des adjectifs dénominaux en français." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070028.
Full textThis dissertation studies suffixal derivation of adjectives from nouns in French. I first present the data under investigation : a lexicon of about 15,000 adjectives, 40% of which may be considered denominal. In order to assess the position of denominal adjectives in the more general adjectival system, I present a classification of French adjectives on the basis of their morphological properties. In the process, I spot cases where the fringes of the class of denominals are unclear. In a second step, I present a study of the formai and semantic properties of a subset of denominal adjectives which is selected on the basis of the type frequency of formai patterns of alternation between base and derivative. I describe the phonological and morphological properties of base nouns. This leads to the observation of morphological niches, where the presence of a particular suffix in the base attracts a particular adjectival suffix. In addition, I show that one adjective may simultaneously entertain a derivational relation with more than one member of its morphological These observations finally lead me to question the view that derivation is binary and strictly oriented, and more specifically that each denominal adjective is associated with a unique base. I propose to analyze the formation of denominal adjectives in terms of cumulative patterns recording regularities that may be observed in a set of lexemes of any size. I thus show that adjectives participate in networks relying on more than two elements. At a more abstract level, I observe that patterns rely on sonne recurrent semantic relations
Resche, Catherine. "La bourse des valeurs : Terminologie comparée du français et de l'anglais." Rouen, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ROUEL017.
Full textThe aim of the author here is to study the terminology of the stock exchange through the contemporary press abd compare the french, british and american terms so as to establish equivalents which will later be computerized as part of a data bank. The study is composed of two parts: the first one concentrates on theory and the second one consists of "index cards" -two thousands of them with definitions and contexts, among which those starting with the letter "a" in french and the letter "s" in english have been chosen to appear here as an illustration of the whole. In the first part, the author tries to define comparative terminology by opposing it to other sciences (linguistics, lexicology, translation techniques. . . ). She analyses the problem raised by switching from one language to the other, underlining the differences that exist between the french, british and american civilisations and systems, and she explains her method. A brief review of the recent reforms helps her to illustrate the terms that have just been coined and comment upon their evolution in the language. The terminology of the stock exchange is more complex than it seems; apart from the technical terms, whose nature and formation are examined, it is also composed of images and adages which are worth stuying. A questionnaire sent to specialists throws some light on questions concerning synonyms, acronyms, terms borrowed from another language, etc. . . The issue of standardization is also raised by the observation of polysemic terms; finally the choice of the computerized formula is justified by the analysis of the advantages offered by a data bank and by the demands upon logic this system implies thus guaranteeing the accuracy of the whole
Bazara, Azmi. "Description et interprétation de la construction N°hum (E + être) adj (avec + mac a) N1hum en français et en arabe." Besançon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BESA1009.
Full textBramati, Alberto Giordano. "Les compléments prépositionnels des verbes français et italiens : problèmes théoriques et études contrastives." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10013.
Full textWang, Xiuwen. "Analyse contrastive des structures syntaxiques du français et du chinois : la valence." Paris 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA030126.
Full textOur main purpose is to find an efficient methodology, in order to clarify a certain number of notions, often loaded with ambiguity, such as transitivity. When trying to specify the syntactic functions in both languages, we adopted a strategy relying upon a dependency gammar, akin to l. Tesniere's functonal grammar. We established a series of tests, whose purpose is to demonstrate each syntactic function's different behaviour in both languages. The main distinction we are looking for is following : some syntactical functions are " closely " linked to the verb (vc, for "verb complements"), while some stay "outside" the vc kernel (sc, for "sentence complements"). Hence we determined which testes, in each of both languages, would identify the functions. We observated that similar functions would have to be tested according to whether they were realized in french or in chinese. Such notions as "transitive" and or "intranitive" verb, "direct" and or "indirect" objet, "circumstant", as well as "prepositional phrase" were made explicit for each of both languages. Similarities between passive and factitive verb forms were also made clear
Desmet, Isabel. "Pour une approche terminologique des sciences sociales et humaines : les sciences sociales et humaines du travail en portugais et en français." Paris 13, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA131001.
Full textThis study comprises terminological and terminographic research into the field of human and social sciences. The starting point is that of work sociology, moving on to look at the other social and human disciplines, with work being the object of the study. This research has been carried out in a perspective of compared terminology that focuses on two latin languages: portuguese and franc. It is organised in two sections: a presentation of a terminological analysis model, and a reflection upon the theories and practices of linguistic studies on spacial languages. This work is subdivided into eight chapters. The first chapter is a reflection upon the genesis and status of terminology within language sciences, upon the existing terminological paradigm and upon the need for terminological studies based on a linguistic approach to texts and or specialised discourse in different languages. The second chapter is devoted to the approach to the field which is the object of this research-human and social work sciences-based on two simultaneous types of structuring : diachronic and multi-domain. The third chapter sets out the therorico-methodological orientations underlying this study and stresses the consideration of linguistic and discursive matters in terminologies, of the historicity of terms and notions, of the interdisciplinarianism and mobility of knowledge and social contexts within scientific production. The proposed mode of terminological analysis is the subject of reflection of the four following chapters. It is based on the "classic" levels of linguistic analysis, which are the morphological, semantic, syntactical and pragmatic levels
Hilal, Alaa. "Le statut du terme dans le dictionnaire général : l’exemple du dictionnaire monolingue français, monolingue arabe et bilingue français-arabe." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20032.
Full textThis research aims to study the status - place and treatment - of scientific and technical terms in general dictionaries. General dictionaries concentrate on words (or general language lexicon) whereas specialised dictionaries focus on terms (or specialised language lexicon). However, general dictionaries include, in addition to words, a large number of terms. These terms, which are simultaneously included in both dictionaries types, are the subject of this study. Thus, it proposes to examine the following aspects of the term: macrostructural - choice and location - and mircostructual - labelling, definition and exemplification as well as the term’s equivalent in the Arabic bilingual dictionaries. The terms which are used in this research are from various domains. They are extracted from a trilingual English-French-Arabic corpus which consists of texts published by the UN. The status of these terms is analysed according to two monolingual french dictionaries, two monolingual arabic dictionaries and two bilingual french-arabic dictionaries
Schnitzer, Nathalie. "Le jeu de l'argumentation en allemand et en francais." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040165.
Full textSetti, Skora. "La relation concept-objet autour des définitions de termes : définitions de termes français-anglais." Paris 13, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA131003.
Full textThe study of the relationship between concept and object based on definitions of terms examines the nature of this relationship by relying on written definitions of french and english terms. This thesis is essentially terminological but touches upon the philosophy of language whose principles naturally apply to french as to english. It also touches upon lexical semantics. The purpose is to emphasize the valuable contributions of both fields to terminology and highlight existing and potential relationships. As regards the issue of definition, the study focuses on fracture mechanics and its related systems. This work shall bring to light either contention or agreement between wuster, kant and kleiber ; in fact, it was originally based on wuster and the vienna school theories (sense regarded as irrelevant, univocity of concept in the system of concepts, concept expressed by term and described by definition). However, the problems raised in the conception of definitions put into question the vienna theories, since they have to do with the basic assumptions of this school in this respect. Kleiber's thinking on the linguistic expression outside of discourse that has a composed sense - and his thinking on the construction of concept, which will be discussed in the light of kant's approach, proves itself to be fruitful. The corpus is double. Indeed the dictionary of fracture mechanics had to be worked upon. However, as there is no such thing as this dictionary, 200 definitions written in french and english were conceived (source number 2) from texts in either of the two languages (source number 1). These were namely 400 definitions, checked by experts in the various domains, among them c. Hunter, a native english speaker. The interaction between domains, has had an influence upon the number of conceived definitions. Therefore they make up only a part of a potential dictionary. The problems encountered and the conclusions formed result from the conception of definitions. Concept is expressed by term and made explicit by definition. The major problem raised is interaction between definitions, that is to say between systems. These are due to an interaction between concepts that leads to parasynonymy
Lê, Thi Xuyên. "Etude contrastive de l'intonation expressive en français et en vietnamien." Paris 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA030013.
Full textIn this study our aim has been to compare psychological and expressive intonation in french and vietnamese. In general the selected attitudes have been correctly identified in both languages: the french and vietnamese hearers are quite able to distinguish a large number of expressive intonations in their respective languages without context or situation. In french the fo value and the contour of the last syllable plays a more important role than any other parameter for the perception of attitudes. In vietnamese the recognition of attitudes improves if at least one syllable is particularly stressed; this makes it possible to say that it is rather intensity and duration which are the pertinent parameters
Kinouchi, Yoshiyuki. "Cas syntaxique et cas sémantique en français et en japonais." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081595.
Full textDitcheva-Nikolova, Malinka. "La double justification - sémantique et prosodique - de la place de l'adjectif épithète. Le cas du français et du bulgare." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA070073.
Full textThe model called bipolar provides a general principle to explain not only the position, in modern French, of an attributive adjective with respect to the noun which it modifies, but also the arrangement of several adjectives inside the noun phrase, with the result that its interest extend to any language, like Bulgarian, where the anteposition is constant. This model lends itself to graphic representation, as well as to analytical statement. Its justification lies in the fact that a subtle linguistic competence on the matter is easily gained not only by the native speakers, but also by Bulgarian students of French. As for the traditional grammatical rules that describe the distributional properties of French attributive adjectives, one is, sometimes, faced with a situation where "the lever is heavier than the burden". The model functions for a rather high number of adjectives pertaining to various semantic classes. It allows, for example, to determine the order, in relation with the node lines, of two adjectives (for example, "important" and "économique") in a noun phrase, from a relative evaluation of the ratio situational value vs. Referential value for each adjective. .
Rebotier, Aude. "Les Temps verbaux en allemand et en français et les phénomènes aspectuels : comparaison de deux systèmes." Grenoble 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE39039.
Full textFaure, Pascaline. "Pour une grammaire métaphorique de l'anglais de spécialité : application de la théorie de la grammaire d'opérations à la didactique de l'anglais médical." Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR21007.
Full textOur research was motivated by the desire to elaborate, through application of the linguistic theory of operations, an original treatment of english grammar in a course designed for french-speaking health professionals. As we felt we first needed to bring to light the specificity of those for whom we intended our didactic work, we carried out a survey of our target group. This survey, the results of which make up the first part of our study, aimed at specifying the profiles, linguistic needs and expectations of the health-professionals interested in following a medical english course. In addition, there is to be found a summary statement of the various types of courses and modules, the many learning devices and tools on the market, and the certificates and diplomas that can be prepared by the students. We present, in the second part of our thesis, our suggestions concerning the use of a metaphorised version of grammar: a result of our concern about the need to offer learners a coherent and comprehensible vision of the english grammatical system through vectors carefully chosen from medicine-related fields. All the operations associated with the three basic grammatical categories - the noun, verb and sentence - are analysed in contrast to those corresponding in other indo-european languages, and put back, for some, in a diachronic dimension. Examples in context, including articles taken from english medical journals, jokes and cartoons illustrate operations and general principles. Our "linguistic transgenesis" effort would probably have been considered to be sheer utopianism if it had not been tested out on students by means of questionnaires designed to assess both the popularity and the "therapeutic" effectiveness of our approach. The results of these evaluations comprise the third part of our research
Depecker, Loïc. "Un exemple d'aménagement terminologique : les Commissions ministérielles de terminologie en France (1970-1993)." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070055.
Full textAn exemple of language terminology planning : the departmental terminology committees in france (1970-1993). The aim of this thesis is to describe the history of the departmental terminology committees in france (from 1970 to 1993). In 1970 the french government decided to create in each department several terminology groups which have promoted an original action in language planning. This thesis deals with the description of the creation of neologisms, and this to show the effects of terminological decisions on the use of french language, particularly in technical anw scientific fields. The relations with the french speaking countries are also quoted. This historical, linguistical and terminological research gives some proposals about an original way to an efficient language planning in the terminological field
Blivet, Ozouf Corinne. "Etude lexico-sémantique en synchronie d'un ensemble de verbes polysémiques liés à la perception en français contemporain." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA070049.
Full textAfter having considered some studies about this subject, our study presents a semantic description of polysemic verbs, which tries to draw closer to the continuum of meaning. We present the construction of a semantic space, which establishes a relationship between the unicity of the basic meaning and the multiplicity of the various contextual effects. We also present a system of parameters providing an operative representation of polysemy founded on contextual indications. This study concludes with the verb comparison, which defines both the semantic identity of each verb and their relationships, corresponding to the continuum of meaning
Messeri, Anne. "Terminologie juridique pénale et pénitentiaire biblingue français-italien assistée par ordinateur." Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE2006.
Full textBilbiie, Gabriela. "Grammaire des constructions elliptiques : une étude comparative des phrases sans verbe en roumain et en français." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070118.
Full textIn this dissertation, I propose a grammar fragment which accounts for the main properties of two elliptical constructions ('lacking' for the verbal head) called gapping (la) and verbless relative adjuncts (therefore, VRA) (Ib) respectively. (1) a/ Jean aime les pommes [et Marie les bananes]. Jean likes apples and Maria bananas b/ Plusieurs personnes sont venues cette semaine, [dont Marie (hier)]. Several people have corne this week, among which Marie yesterday We mainly argue for the fact that elliptical clauses in gapping and VRA constructions don't behave as regular verbal clauses. Their syntactic and semantic properties don't provide evidence for deriving this kind of elliptical clause from a complete clause. An analysis in terms of syntactic reconstruction of the missing material is therefore inadequate. Thus, the elliptical clause in both constructions (gapping and VRA) has a specific syntactic behaviour and must be assigned an independent status in the grammar, more precisely the status of a fragmentary clause, that is a syntactic unit having a propositional content of message type, but an incomplete syntax. This dissertation gives new arguments in favor of a semantic reconstruction with parallelism constraints, cf. Ginzburg & Sag (2000), Culicover & Jackendoff (2005)
Nita, Raluca. "Discours rapporté, repérages et organisation textuelle : étude contrastive anglais-français-roumain." Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT5021.
Full text