Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Français (Langue) – Morphologie'
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Nore, Françoise. "Morphologie dérivationnelle et diachronie : étude de deux recueils argotiques des XVIe et XVIIe siècles : application au lexique construit contemporain." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100020.
Full textThe study examines first certain operators used in the creation of slang complex units but badly identified in their operation. One of the aims of this study is to establish a rigorous typology of these formants and to refine the knowledge already acquired in the delimitation of the lexical base and of the elements present in complex units. It is noticed however that the morphological and phonological rules cannot explain in synchrony the form of all complex slang items. It is thus proposed to articulate derivational morphology with diachrony and philology in order to examine the various formal and semantic states of the studied items. The corpus, made up of two slang works of the XVIth and the XVIIth centuries, allows to consider the extent of the lexical evolutions. The second objective consists in showing the need of a new approach which, linking the data resulting from philological and diachronic research and those obtained by derivational morphology, makes it possible to account for the quasi entirety of the built slang lexicon. This method proposes to examine slang items by grouping them in paradigmatic fields, sets of unities entering a common notional field and presenting morphological similarities. It is whereas noted that the quasi totality of this lexicon can be included in various networks of items having mutual influences in their semantisms, their phonologies and their morphologies. The knowledge of the old derivational diagrams and the interactions between items allows an enlightened comprehension of the contemporary modes of formation of slang lexemes
Voiriot-Cordary, Noëlle. "Acquisition et gestion de la morphologie verbale flexionnelle en français à l'entrée au lycée." Dijon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005DIJOL002.
Full textWithin the field of the linguistics of writing, our work aims ar describing the processes by which 15 – year – old students grade 9 – 10 or classe de seconde in French Lycees) deal with the spelling of verb tense markers. Our corpus is composed of written work by students and also includes metagraphical comments collected during informal interviews in which the students were asked about their perceptions of verb forms. Our method and objective in the first part was to understand spelling problems as they arose in the course of writing, and describe the way the students analysed and coped and coped with such problems while writing. The students verb forms were then classified according to linguistic principles in order to determine how verbal morphological configurations affected the appearance of spelling errors. It was then possible to draw the outline of a whole system of errors in which homophony between verb forms played a central role. This constituted our second part. The metagraphical comments made it possible to discover processes that played an important part in the student’s spelling decisions. While verb forms will vary according to context, students are prone to systematizing forms and write verbs as if they were accepted set units, an economical way of dealing with the problem of homophony in verb endings. When they notice frequent occurrences, students pick up similarities which they reasoning. Extralinguistic factors in which reasoning relies on referential contents also have to be taken into account. All those viewpoints on language do not follow a linear course in which one could notice gradual stages in the implementation of spelling skills. Far from excluding one another, these viewpoints interact in the spelling decision, as discussed in our third part. Graphic ontogenesis finally brings out the various means by which learners come to terms with the way language works
Pagliano, Claudine. "L'épenthèse consonantique en français : ce que la syntaxe, la sémantique et la morphologie peuvent faire à la phonologie : parles-en de ta numérotation ?impossible : thèse." Nice, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NICE2020.
Full textThis study inquires on consonantal epenthesis in French. It shows that semantics, syntax and morphology play a direct role in the creation of a strong position in that they send a [CV] unit to the phonological module. Emphasis witnesses the intervention of semantics: the insertion of a [CV] causes the epenthesis of a [?] in a strong position that is lexically empty (c'est ?impossible), the gemination of the consonant occupying the strong position (c'est imppossible), or the linking of the floating [?] in h aspiré words (grosse ?housse). Syntax provides a [CV] when post-clitics are produced (parle-t-il; parle-z-en); the consonant that appears before the post-clitic is an agreement marker: post-verbal liaison in French is a pure "orthographic fiction". The elaboration of a corpus of derived terms with an epenthetic consonant between stem and suffix (numéroter) evidences the intervention of morphology for some suffixes. No consonantal epenthesis in French is caused by a hiatus
Rhee, Eun-Mee. "Étude du fonctionnement de cependant et pourtant en français contemporain : altérité et orientation des relations interpropositionnelles." Besançon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BESA1011.
Full textKim, Soo-Jean. "Analyse syntaxique et sémantique du passif en français." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040079.
Full textThis study has as its object to demonstrate - though the passive voice - what is the paradox of the production of meaning and to present the solution that its definition provides. It is necessary to conceive how that which produces meaning functions or more exactly the relationship between grammar and semantics which we bring out in our explanation of "être" and "par". These two distinctive traits of the passive sentence will cause us to reflect upon the relationship between syntax and meaning. This perspective rests upon an understanding of language according to which the lexeme is abstract because language is not a system where names are applied to concrete objects. That is why we shall base our method upon the notion of the non-propriety of terms of which the tests are that of synonymy, polysemy, homonym, etc
Nguepi, George Victor. "Etude comparée du système morphosyntaxique du français et de l'espagnol." Dijon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DIJOL015.
Full textOur approach is based on a simple principle according to which linguistics as a science of language is an enveloping process founded on the permanent questioning of the acquirements. Questioning motivated on one hand by the limited and relative different linguistic models relevance through the confrontation of the different tendencies that constitue them, and on the other hand by the multiplicity of approaches in the teaching of french and/or spanish grammar, both in the onomasiologic and semasiologic viewpoints. Even though our approach lays emphasis on the synchronic aspect of the language, it is obvious that it cannot exclude the diachronic aspect from its domain of action, considering its importance as regards to the historic evolution of language, constantly interrogated during language teaching. It is therefore about an analysis based on some specific components of language, notably morphological, syntaxical, semantic, lexical, phonetic and phonological aspects, for it's true that traditionally, these components as regards to the grammar are supposed to correspond to many components in language. Our methodology aims at analysing every domain concerned by the similarities, ambivalences and sometimes ambiguities of some structures in french and/or in spanish, having in mind the wish to see these too scientific grammars converted into more pedagogical ones
Ruttik, Ada. "Les fonctions sémantiques des suffixes diminutifs : cas du français et de l'estonien." Toulouse 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU20110.
Full textThis thesis is a comparative analysis of certain fundamental semantic functions of the diminutive suffixes in French and Estonian. We argue that there are two distinct types of substantive-forming diminutive suffixes in both French and Estonian : modifying and distinctive suffixes. The first type create diminutives which may take on a wide range of values according to the context, from the hypocoristic to the pejorative, including, for exemple the euphemistic, the ironic, or the plain modest. Thus in Estonian, jõeke 'small river' may express either an affectionate attitude (a pretty little river) or contempt (a little river that compares unfavorably with other, bigger and more powerful rivers). The second group have a single value, denoting either small size (e. G. Aiglet , aiglon 'eaglet, young eagle' ; carafon 'small jug') or qualitative inferiority (e. G. Certain diminutives in French which are not used hypocoristically : avocaillon 'counsel-DIM, bad counsel', écrivaillon 'writer-DIM, scribbler', ministricule 'minister-DIM'). These are best seen as hyponymic diminutives, designating "a particular kind of X"
Tzoukermann, Evelyne. "Morphologie et génération automatique du verbe français : implémentation d'un module conversationnel." Paris, INALCO, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986INAL0004.
Full textGalli, Hugues. "Echappée en morphologie dérivationnelle : approche épistémologique de la discipline avec application au préfixe français "en-."." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2006/GALLI_Hugues_2006.pdf.
Full textThis study in derivational morphology contains two parts : the first one is devoted to an epistemological investigation that takes place within linguistic analyses about words formation in France and in other countries, specifically focused on the prefixation process ; the second part of this issue, more empirical than the first one, is supposed to be an illustration of the theoretical purpose based on both diachronic and synchronic analysis and scan results comparison. This kind of prefixation ensues from the « spatial » prefixation, because the prefix en- possess a semantic instruction shift towards the word’s inside. After a series of linguistic operations with complex word’s stems, the semantic shift can be real or abstract (change of state)
Eyango, Mouen Alexis. "Lexique interactif pour l'analyse automatique du français." Lyon 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO11712.
Full textStrnadová, Jana. "Les réseaux adjectivaux : sur la grammaire des adjectifs dénominaux en français." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070028.
Full textThis dissertation studies suffixal derivation of adjectives from nouns in French. I first present the data under investigation : a lexicon of about 15,000 adjectives, 40% of which may be considered denominal. In order to assess the position of denominal adjectives in the more general adjectival system, I present a classification of French adjectives on the basis of their morphological properties. In the process, I spot cases where the fringes of the class of denominals are unclear. In a second step, I present a study of the formai and semantic properties of a subset of denominal adjectives which is selected on the basis of the type frequency of formai patterns of alternation between base and derivative. I describe the phonological and morphological properties of base nouns. This leads to the observation of morphological niches, where the presence of a particular suffix in the base attracts a particular adjectival suffix. In addition, I show that one adjective may simultaneously entertain a derivational relation with more than one member of its morphological These observations finally lead me to question the view that derivation is binary and strictly oriented, and more specifically that each denominal adjective is associated with a unique base. I propose to analyze the formation of denominal adjectives in terms of cumulative patterns recording regularities that may be observed in a set of lexemes of any size. I thus show that adjectives participate in networks relying on more than two elements. At a more abstract level, I observe that patterns rely on sonne recurrent semantic relations
Knittel, Marie-Laurence. "Rapports entre morphologie et syntaxe en français et en hongrois : deux cas particuliers "d’accord-objet"." Nancy 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN21002.
Full textThis study is meant to describe and analyze two particular cases of object agreement: the past participle agreement in French and the definite conjugation in Hungarian. It is situated in the framework of generative grammar; yet, other approaches to language study are used when necessary. Even if the surface realizations of the two phenomena are morphologically different, a close examination of the constructions in which it appears reveals that there are common factors determining the appearance of object-agreement in both languages, even if there is no link either typological or genetic between them
Chastagner, Nadine. "Approche synchronique de l'attribution du genre grammatical français." Paris 5, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA05H089.
Full textOur research concerns the functioning of french grammratical gender assignment in a synchronic perspective. On a corpus of man recent vocabularies (current, informatics et internet, social languages), we show that grammatical gender as formel object is corditionned by differents types of factors (structural, oragmatic, subjective, cognitive). The assigned mechanisms described although localized and relatives are structured according to micro-systems in which different types of logics are implicated. Such a purpose has required a method adapted no the functioning divided and multiple of gender. This one confronts the phenomenons relating no lexical production with their sociolinguistics variations and phenomenons relating to reception by inquiry with one hundred persons
Siarri-Mesana, Charlotte. "Les mots nouveaux attestés entre 1990 et 2012 dans le Nouveau Petit Robert Électronique 2012 : une étude lexicologique et lexicographique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3147/document.
Full textThe purpose of this PhD thesis is to study how neology manifests itself in a french language dictionary. I have chosen to work on the electronic version of the "Nouveau Petit Robert", since it is the epitome of a reference dictionary. I studied the new attested words that were added between 1990 and 2012 in the "Nouveau Petit Robert Électronique" 2012. This fairly recent attestation period was chosen in order to observe the influence of new technologies on the lexicon.To build up our corpus it was necessary to enter the period between 1990 and 2012 as a search criteria. In doing so, the corpus of this study is now composed of 477 new attested words added between 1990 and 2012.This work intends to bring out the formation modes of these new words as well as the experience areas to which they are linked. A portion of this study was also dedicated to lexicography. In this section the lexicographical particularities of the "Nouveau Petit Robert Électronique" 2012 are highlighted by comparing a few words extracted from its corpus with the same words in two other dictionaries : "Le Petit Larousse Illustré" 2016 and the "Wiktionnaire".The most efficient formation modes for the corpus’ words are those pertaining to the internal matrix with a total of 266 words, as well as those pertaining to the external matrix with a total of 186 words.The corpus’words belonging to the internal matrix are the most numerous, and it indicates that the lexicon renews itself on its own.There is a distinct decline of the social sciences in favor of technical sciences to be observed
Camussi-Ni, Marie-Armelle. "Analyse formelle et conceptuelle des formes verbales du français contemporain : à la croisée du passé simple et de l’imparfait, du futur et du conditionnel, les concepts «± potentiel » et « ± défini »." Rennes 2, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00179141/fr/.
Full textA formal analysis of the verbal endings in the indicative mode draws special attention to the combination of two morphemes, [Ø/(±R)] and [Ø/(ai/a)]. Thus, the conditional and future tenses differ from the other indicative tenses in that they share the +R morpheme – and it can be postulated that it is also shared by the infinitive. Furthermore, they differ from one another in the opposition between ai and a, which also differentiates the imperfect tense from the past historic when it is combined with the morpheme –R. This statement sheds light on the relationship between the various indicative “tenses”. Indeed, taking into account a further opposition allows the predominance of temporality in analyses of “tenses” in the indicative to be questioned while focusing on the deconstruction of the value combinations. Thus, the analysis allows the diversity of meanings to be accounted for and at the same time avoids a too large panel of temporal, modal or aspectual explanations according to the context. The first part of the doctoral thesis turns on the relationship between the morphological analysis and the various formal studies that have been undertaken on the future and the conditional tenses. In a second part, in a confrontation with the already existing conceptual studies on the infinitive, the past historic, the imperfect tense, the future and the conditional, we will explore the semantic side of the hypothesis that states that there is a combination of a ±R morpheme with an ai/a morpheme. Such a hypothesis compels us to characterize the semantic value of the ±R morpheme on the one hand – the ± potential concept will be associated with it – and on the other hand, to redefine the opposition between the imperfect tense and the past historic, since it is this very opposition that can be found in the future/conditional pair – the ± definite concept will then be suggested. Taking into account the combination of the two semantic features enables us to undermine complexity in utterances whose richness is only equalled by their diversity
Mira, Heba. "Masculin, féminin : l'altérité de genre en français et en arabe." Thesis, Dijon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DIJOL023.
Full textGender alterity is one of the topics that was and still interesting to the linguists. In our thesis, we chose to study the words (all types) which have the masculine-feminine alterity and can refer to a specific human. Our study is concerned with the different grammatical classes of French and Arabic languages. We focus specifically on how the feminine is formed to note whether the word, is marked by the gender, represents the feminine as the Other or not. In other words, if the feminine word form relates, depends on the masculine or if it is an independent form. The comparison between the feminine and the Other that is related to the occupied position by each one in its relationship (masculine-feminine / Me-the Other), will allow in fact (acoording to the Other status that is attributed) to figure out if the second position of the feminine reflects a certain inferiority, which leads to a discrimination against women in the language
Skouratov, Igor. "Caractéristiques typologiques des néologismes dans le français contemporain : aspects linguistiques et sociolinguistiques." Besançon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BESA1021.
Full textIn this work we examine the creative process of neologisms and typology of new homonymic terminologies in the french language. The study of neologisms through dictionary entries and a monitoring of contemporary french contributes significantly to the creation of words and how new terminology can be regulated. Research carried out during the compilation of multi-language dictionaries has demonstrated the existence of new words appearing in different languages at different times, but having similar pronunciations and very close meanings. Through lexicological research new tools can be used to identify and register new terms, thereby serving to create specialized lexicon that is necessary to the transmission of concepts
El, Fenne Fatimazohra. "La flexion verbale en français : contraintes et stratégies de réparation dans le traitement des consonnes latentes." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/36801.
Full textQuébec Université Laval, Bibliothèque 2019
Al-Shatti, Mohammed. "Etude sociolinguistique des locutions verbales, nominales et adverbiales construites à partir du lexeme "feu"." Paris 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA030174.
Full textThe semantic fields look into the french lexeme "feu" puts in obviousness its evolution showing how changes reverberate on a great number of locutions listed in switchboard dictionaries and also on the adaptation of new perspectives to the lexicographical reorganization of its semes. Owing to changes affecting the referents and the knowledge we assert besides them, semantic and diachronic mutations related to "feu" also behave in the forms of fixed locutions but new semes. In the regional variety and through out the french-speaking area, "feu" behaves differently by acquiring particular semes not attested in the standard language and to which are associated many regionalisms. In fact, linguistic mutations of "feu" and the locutions whose justification lays on spatial variation phenomenon are equivalent to those whose justification is found in the temporal change. On a morpho-syntactic viewpoint, locutions are considered as unilateral and bilateral expansion facts whose nuclei contain "feu". The variation of these expansions indicate the various place of the term in the statement and expresses all grammatical functions. On the historical axis, the various semes of "feu" justify it was opened to the evolution of the world and the social changes. Many extra-linguistic factors interfere in the creation of new concepts, and consequently of new locutions, and thus play significant roles as to the linguistic changes. Geographically, "feu" reacts differently following regions and french speaking areas in which lots of human and non human factors are involved in words creation or linguistic changes. Because of social transformations, divergences are evident between the regional variety of the french which are disappearing and the french speaking areas varieties in the way of officialization. In this framework, it is important to indicate the equality between the linguistic values of each locution at the potential level, and also the inequality in the usage are regards to the "social protection" some are credited. Thus quebec claim to defend the local french variety redynamises locutions already engaged in oblivion where they first came out, or those who, in other parts in the world are almost entirely no more in usage, when but archaisms
Rujopakarn-Pimpasingh, Surapee. "Les Expressions de l'ordre et de la demande en français et en thaï." Lyon 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO20026.
Full textThis research deals with the studies in syntax, semantics and pragmatics of the order and request expressions in french and in thai. These expressions include the imperative and, by applying the concept of illocution, all sentences used to get someone to do something. The study of french expressions is a synthesis of works concerning order and request expressions, especially the imperative. The imperative in french is studied with its semantical and pragmatical meanings, its forms and the construction of its sentence. Those sentences used to get people to do things besides the imperative are studied in the illocutionary aspect. The order and request expressions in thai are analysed in detail in syntax and semantics. Within a limited framework of these expressions, several points of language are studied, for example the final particles and the verb serializations. The latter, which presents a problem in thai syntax, is classified, in this study, with reference to the relation between the verbs. A contrastive study of the french and thai order and request expressions is carried out in a pedagogical perspective
Lauze, Audrey. "Les formes composées du mode indicatif en français." Montpellier 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON30080.
Full textThis PhD thesis focuses on compound forms of indicative mood in French language. Its objective is to jointly study the compound forms on the basis of a common signified in language. To achieve this, the first part of my thesis investigates different theories, more or less contemporary, which propose a definition of verb tenses and in particular, of compound form. Developing the research comments, I present an analytical framework for the compound form, inspired by monosemous approach to tenses. In the second part, based on a corpus composed of discourse originating from the French literature, the media world as well as from internet, the value of each compound form in language is confronted with its multiple use in discourse. The analyses reveal little by little a common signified to all the compound forms of indicative mood in French
De, Nadai Patrick. "De l'image dictionnairique au modèle lexicographique : la systémique lexicale." Paris 8, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA080771.
Full textMonolingual language dictionaries contain a lot of informations describing the language they are dealing with. Since this description is based on a given corpus, dictionaries provide a certain 'image' of this language. In order to improve the quality of dictionaries, it would be necessary for lexicographers to have a 'model' providing a description of the language as objective as possible. If language is conceived of as consisting in a 'system' of relations (both lexical and syntactical), the model should present all relations established in the language. The purpose of our work is to propose a method so as to build up such a model, from the informations contained in an extensive dictionary. After having established what a 'language dictionary' and a 'word definition' are, we analyse the definitions of our corpus, in order to extract lexical relations. Then, with these extracted relations, we try to outline a linguistic analysis of the 'prefix' anti-
Tribout, Delphine. "Les conversions de nom à verbes et de verbes à nom en français." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA070080.
Full textIn the theoretical framework of the lexematic morphology, the thesis is devoted to two lexeme-formation processes in French: noun to verb conversion and verb to noun conversion. Both formal and semantic properties of the two processes are presented and a formal representation is proposed within HPSG's framework. First, the two main properties of conversion are discussed, namely the phonological identity between the two lexemes and the fact that they belong to different parts-of-speech. The data which are cases of conversion according to these two properties are delimited. Then the problem of the directionality of conversion is examined and the criteria which are usually used to determine the directionality of conversion are evaluated. The thesis argues that these criteria are not satisfactory, and a new reliable criterion is proposed, which relies on the morphological analysis of the lexemes. Other clues to the directionality of conversion are evaluated, but the conclusion is that often the directionality of the derivation cannot be determined by means of linguistic criteria. Finally, morphophonological and semantic properties of both conversions are examined, and a formal representation of allomorphies and semantics is proposed within HPSG's framework
Pak, Sung-Souk. "Propriétés syntactico-lexicales des verbes et lexicographie bilingue : application lexicographique d'un lexique-grammaire à un dictionnaire bilingue français-coréen." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100065.
Full textThis study is bent on considering the possible applications and limits of linguistic theories to lexicography. More precisely the goal is to examine the theoretical and methodological problems raised by the lexicological treatment of verbs in bilingual dictionaries, in this case, french-korean, on a syntaxical basis, and the possible contributions of recent linguistic results to the lexicography, especially those furnished by the automatic documentary and linguistic laboratory. After having paid attention to the general evaluation of the problems, certain of the encountered difficulties have been considered in the application of the lexico-grammar. As far as equivalence is considered, the classes of verbal constructions of both studied languages have been compared to the translation postulate of "construction to construction". Through these reflections, two main directions have been drawn for modification of the structuration of the verb's article: - first of all, the dispersion of highly heterogeneous structures that are concentrated in the same structure, - and secondly, the concentration of structures of connectable usage that have been dispersed
Laaha, Sabine. "Développement précoce de la morphologie verbale : une étude comparative sur l'acquisition de l'allemand autrichien et du français." Paris 5, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA05H064.
Full textThis psycholinguistic dissertation examined the early development of verb morphology in Austrian German and in French, in a cross-linguistic perspective. For each of the two languages, the analysis was based on longitudinal spontaneous speech data of two monolingual children, from the onset of speech until the age of two years and a half. The development framework was compatible with functionalist approaches to language acquisition ; the linguistic approach was based on the theory of Natural Morphology. This study aimed at establishing similarities and differnces in developmental sequences of the two languages and investigating which factors might play a decisive role in the early development of verb morphology. The results obtained suggest that language specific factors (stuctural differences and input factors) play, from the early phase of morphological development, an important role in acquisition
Besse, Anne-Sophie. "Caractéristiques des langues et apprentissage de la lecture en langue première et en français langue seconde : perspective évolutive et comparative entre l'arabe et le portugais." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00267662.
Full textTotereau, Corinne. "Un exemple d'apprentissage du système orthographique : la morphologie écrite du nombre en français." Dijon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DIJOL012.
Full textThe objective of this thesis was to contribute to the study of the learning of written morphology for number in French: the marking by -s for noun and adjective plurals and by -nt for verb plurals. The study of these markers is interesting because their acquisition by children and their management by adults can not be performed with an oral reference (these written markers have no corresponding pronunciation). The child must acquire these markers from the processing of the written language only. The studies reported in this thesis were performed in order to try to find, in a first time, when and how children identify and use the markings of noun and verb plurals. In a second time, they were pursued in order to analyse how children manage to differentiate the -s and -nt markers when they have to agree nouns and verbs having an homophone (verb and noun, respectively). In a third time, a comparison was performed concerning the use of plural inflections on three syntactical categories: adjective, noun and verb, in order to dissociate at least partially the impact of semantical foundation of plural from the effects of frequency and regularity of markers. Finally, in a last time, the learning conditions were controlled. The collected data showed that the learning of written morphology for number is spread over a long period: 1) no detection of the markers and of their meaning; 2) declarative knowledge of the markers: detection and correct interpretation of the presence of nominal -s and verbal -nt without use in production; 3) implementation in production of the nominal -s and overgeneralization to adjectives (leading to success) and to verbs (leading to errors); 4) use of -nt which is overgeneralized to some nouns (having a frequent verb homophone) and adjectives located in post-nominal position whereas the -s overgeneralizations on verbs disappear, except on some of them (that have a frequent noun homophone)
Eba'a, Germain Moïse. ""Quant" dans la prose en moyen français : description et analyse d'un signifiant grammatical." Poitiers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002POIT5012.
Full textRoig, Audrey. "Les structures corrélatives isomorphes: étude des propriétés sémantiques, morphologiques et (micro-/macro-) syntaxiques des corrélatives isomorphes en "autant", "ni", "plus", "soit", "tantôt" et "tel"." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209397.
Full textCette étude porte sur les structures françaises dites "corrélatives", construites en "autant.autant", "ni.ni", "soit.soit", "plus.plus", "tantôt.tantôt" et "tel.tel", soit des corrélatives "isomorphes". Si ces structures mettent toutes en relation deux termes ou structures, nous montrons ici, par le biais de descriptions sémantique, morphologique et syntaxique, que chacune de ces constructions est également très différente. À partir d’exemples tirés de corpus (français oral et écrit), ce travail ambitionne donc de mettre en évidence les propriétés des structures corrélatives isomorphes, de dresser le bilan des caractéristiques qui les unissent et les distinguent les unes des autres. Il a pour second objectif de questionner la place de la corrélation dans la typologie des modes de liaisons de prédications – c’est-à-dire la possibilité ou non d’assimiler les corrélatives françaises à de la subordination, de la coordination ou encore de la juxtaposition. Une tierce finalité, davantage méthodologico-épistémologique, a trait à l’examen de la façon dont les structures corrélatives isomorphes sont prises en compte respectivement en syntaxe traditionnelle, dans les approches graduelles et en macrosyntaxe (aixoise et fribourgeoise) ;il poursuit consécutivement un objectif plus général, celui de trouver une porte de sortie à l’impasse actuelle en syntaxe, née de l’apparente inconciliabilité des trois approches.
La réponse à ces trois objectifs nécessite une étude en deux étapes. Dans un premier temps, ce travail s'attarde ainsi sur chacune des six structures corrélatives, mettant en évidence leurs ressemblances et dissemblances tant sémantiques que formelles. Cette première étape offre alors la possibilité d’inscrire le phénomène de la corrélation isomorphe dans le cadre général des liaisons de prédications et de confronter plus spécifiquement les propriétés des structures dites "corrélatives" avec celles de ces autres modes de liaisons dans une les modèles 1) binaires ou ternaires des modes de jonctions propositionnelles (approche traditionnelle), 2) graduels (Foley & Van Valin, Rebuschi, Lehmann) et 3) macrosyntaxiques (écoles d'Aix et de Fribourg).
English :
This project focuses on the study of so-called “correlative” structures in French that use "autant.autant", "ni.ni", "soit.soit", "plus.plus", "tantôt.tantôt" et "tel.tel", that is to say "isomorphic" correlatives. While all these constructions serve to connect two terms or structures, we shall show, through morphological, syntactic and semantic descriptions, that they each possess distinctive features. Using examples drawn from a corpus (French, oral and written), this project thus aims to establish the properties of isomorphic correlative structures, and to identify the characteristics they share and those that distinguish them from one another. The second aim of this project consists in (re-)examining the place of correlation in the typology of predication linking structures in an effort to determine whether or not French correlatives may be considered as a type of subordination, coordination or even juxtaposition. The third objective, which is methodological and epistemological in nature, will consist in studying how traditional syntax, gradual models and macrosyntax have respectively accounted for isomorphic correlative structures. In this way, we shall attempt to break the current deadlock resulting from the apparent incompatibility of the three approaches.
To reach these three goals, the study will be organized in two phases. First, the various correlative structures will be scrutinized in order to highlight semantic and formal similarities and dissimilarities. This will allow us to position the phenomenon of isomorphic correlation within the general framework of predication linking, and thereby compare the properties of so-called “correlative” structures with those of other linking structures. In the second phase, we will re-examine the place of correlative structures in the models advanced by traditional syntax, by gradual approaches (Foley & Van Valin, Rebuschi, Lehmann) and macrosyntax (Aix and Fribourg).
Doctorat en Langues et lettres
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Boudard, Patrice. ""Intercompréhension entre locuteurs de l'Union européenne : exemple entre locuteurs du français et locuteurs du slovaque"." Paris, INALCO, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INAL0014.
Full textDescription of the principles of the mutual comprehension and the research projects referring itself to it, in the European Union (and in Latin America) and their applications. They are classified: Passive knowledge (receptive competences) and interactive communication. The first act on formal linguistics and the seconds more use the extra-linguistic one witgh the assistance of linguistic psychology. The linguistic conditions between Romance and Slavic languages with examples of Slovak or Czech is established. We exploited the results of work of linguistic engineering of Patrice Pognan and Diana Lemay. Then, tools, methods ans strategies will be proposed. A total diagram of teaching in conformity with the concept of mutual comprehension is presented, and the list of the international, governmental or not governmental organizations concerned. To conclude a priority list from strategies, methods and tools is established
Delen, Nurcan. "Etude des indéfinis en français et en turc contemporain." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05H049.
Full textLenormand, Maurice. "Dictionnaire drehu-francais la langue de lifou : iles loyalty." Pacifique, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PACI0017.
Full textDrehu is the austronesian language spoken on the island of lifou, one of the loyalty islands. It has been chosen as one of the lan, guages giving, through an option, access to the french leaving certificate. The publication of this drehu-french dictionnary aims at putting into perspective the morphological traits of the language, as step, ping stones towards the development of our knowledge of the lan, guages of south-east asia and oceania. More than a simple list of words, this work also sums the ethnogra, phic knowledge about the island, giving information on the social organization, everyday life, traditional arts and crafts, medical knowledge, as well as myths and beliefs. The author has sought to be as exhaustive as feasible, having recourse to a wealth of ancient informants, gone, but well remembered. The book contains numerous words dealing with the vegetable and animal nomenclature, words which cannot be found in any other publication. There are some 700 names of domestic or plants having a medicinal use, with their scientific definition and their local ver, nacular name in french. To know one's language and make its importance be appreciated by others, as a carrier of a culture, equally allowing for structural tech, niques of adapting and enriching itself, is one of the often stated aims of the younger educated generation in lifou. This dictionary has been built so as to be their tool
Lasserre, Marine. "De l'intrusion d'un lexique allogène : l'exemple des éléments néoclassiques." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20012/document.
Full textSuch elements as those borrowed from Ancient Greek or Latin, which enter into so-called neoclassical compounds, are often, in the literature, grouped together in a unique class of elements. This dissertation focuses on formations that involve eleven French final elements logie, logue¬, cratie, crate, phobie, phobe, phone, phage, vore, cide and cole. In French, those constructions generatelarge sets of lexemes and appear to be available for lexical creation aside from learned vocabulary. The study of these elements is conducted within the framework of Constructed Morphology (Booij 2010). A database, called NεoClassy, was built in order to analyse these elements. It gathers the lexemes, formed with these final elements, which were collected in dictionaries and on the Web. The analyses that were conducted on this database have brought morpho-phonological, semantic and lexical constraints to light. A distributional analysis has also shown that some neoclassical constructions from NεoClassy and derivates have a similar behaviour. The schemas that involve final neoclassical elements and those in which native final elements are specified are integrated in a same model, on the basis of phonological, semantic and lexical criteria. Neoclassical elements do not constitute a homogeneous class: some are considered as suppletive stems of lexemes when others have a similar behaviour to that of affixes
Li, Heugsun. "Analyse phonologique, morphosyntaxique et du français parlé par les coréens : implications pédagogiques." Nancy 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN21013.
Full textWe are born with language acquisition devices, by which we learn not only our native language but also foreign languages. According to the contrastive analysis hypothesis it is assumed that the comparison between the structures of native language and those of a target language will make the learner's task easier. The purpose of this paper is to examine the communicative effect of the errors many Korean students make in spoken French. This paper aims at answering the three questions as follows: 1. Phonological analysis 2. Morphosyntaxical analysis 3. Pragmatic analysis as a theoretical background, we made use of the notion "error analysis" "contrastive linguistic". In order to analyze learner's errors in a peer perspective, it is crucial to make a distinction between mistakes and errors
Ahn, Geun-Jong. "Dérivation des adjectifs suffixes par – eux : sens et rôles thématiques." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100200.
Full textThis thesis is about the derivation of French adjectives that involve the suffix - eux. Inside the theoretical frame of the derivational morphology, it proposes a thematic approach based on the localistic point of view to analyze the general sense of the - eux suffixed adjectives. The semantic analysis of these adjectives is supported by the results of studies coming from the lexique-grammar
Cousin, Marie-Paule. "Apprentissage de la production écrite de l'accord en nombre : application de règles et/ou récuperation d'instances ?" Rouen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ROUEL477.
Full textThis thesis studies the processes involved in the acquisition of the written number flexional morphology by French children. Six experiments are submitted. The first five ones use a cross method. They show the item's previous encounter and the number form impact on number agreement production. The sixth one is a longitudinal study. It examines the impact of the encounter frequency in time, the number form and the age of acquisition. This research shows that children use early instances retrieval for a written number agreement. As for adults, the number flexional morphology processing can be produced by children. In two ways. The first one is the implementation of rules, the second one is the instances direct retrieval
Foucart, Alice. "Le traitement du genre grammatical en français langue première et seconde." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10009.
Full textAgouzoum, Alou AG. "Éléments de description phonologique et morphologique du tamasheq, dialecte standard du Mali en vue de son utilisation à l'école dans un contexte bilingue." Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INAL0006.
Full textAs part of a professional framework, this thesis propoes to make a morpho-phonological description of the tuareg speech of Gao. This dialect has never been the subject of a thorough morpho-phonological description for didactic purposes and particularly in the context of bilingual education.This thesis is based on a corpus collected from native speakers of the language. If necessary, we ourselves have produced corpora since we are speakers. The language is described under two main aspects:-The first aspect is devoted to phonics-phonology and deals with consonantal and vocalic phenomena, syllabic structure with its different constructions and their functioning. This description is based on the minimal pairs to make it possible to oppose phonemes and put a particular emphasis on the so-called «problematic» phonemes. This made it possible to classify and define the phonological status of these phonemes.-The second aspect supports morphology. It presents essentially nominal and verbal morphology. The chosen principle is to start from the structure to the word to distinguish the different grammatical classses and the forms that these grammatical classes can take in the language, revealing their functioning.Finally, from the comparison of the grammar system of Tuareg and french, this thesis proposes didactic tracks to facilitate in the bilingual classes the transition from L1 to L2
Ngo, Balep Lydie. "Essai d'analyse contrastive de la détermination nominale en français et en basaa." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100158.
Full textThe nominal group in French is structured around the noun which is a center of the group; its insertion in the phrase is made with an article. The noun can also acquire predeterminants and postdeterminants which represent the supplementary determination of the noun. The new grammatical logic distributes of the determinants of the noun in quantitative strict, numerical and bipolar; in characterized strict numerical and possessive and in combined quantitative and characterized strict, possessive and demonstrative. The nominal group in basaa is also structured like the one in French; but it is not articulate. It is the same in language like in phrase. The stem is always prefixed to one of thirteen different prefixes of classes. Apart from determinants bipolar quantitative and possessive characterized, the basaa language have like the French language determinants strict, numerical quantitative, combined quantitative and characterized strict, possessive and demonstrative. Those determinants are called dependent nominal in relation with the independent nominal: the nouns. The system of agreement in these langages. .
Massot, Benjamin. "Français et diglossie : décrire la situation linguistique française contemporaine comme une diglossie : arguments morphosyntaxiques." Phd thesis, Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00726999.
Full textKoehl, Aurore. "La construction morphologique des noms désadjectivaux suffixés en français." Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00789824.
Full textDahech, Dhouha. "La dérivation nominale en français et en arabe : étude contrastive." Caen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CAEN1026.
Full textIn this dissertation, we are suggesting a study of the nominalization in french with a contrastive comparison with the arabic language. Our starting point is the french nouns derived by adding a suffix and found in the « Petit Robert Electronique ». We have tackled questions related to nominalization through following several axes: Morphology, Semantics, Syntax, Stylistics and Discourse Analysis. In fact, we have studied the process of formation of these nouns, and we have tried to analyse questions suggested by basic notions such as root, suffix, and allomorphism. A semantic study has been carried out as well. Its aim is the classification of deverbal nouns according to their interpretation. We have been able to distinguish between three categories: predicate, agentive ending, and instrumental case and locatives. It is starting from the morphological and syntactic characteristics of these deverbal nouns that we have reached this classification. The semantic relation between the verbs and their corresponding nouns has been analysed as well. At the syntactic level, we have attempted to focus on the characteristics of noun phrases with predicative heads, such as pre, and post-modifiers. We have equally studied the stylistic characteristics of deverbal nouns (thematization, abstraction and generalization, etc. )At the discursive level, we have pondered the impact of the ideological, religious and cultural context on the use of some deverbal nouns in the French and Arabic languages which are most apparent in the context of the Middle East Conflict
Tahery, Zohreh. "L'acquisition de la temporalité en français par des apprenants persanophones." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030005.
Full textThis thesis is in the field of research on the acquisition of temporality. It aims at studying the acquisition and the expression of French temporality by the persanophones learning. The major goal is to identify and describe the average linguistics to transmit temporal information by our surveyed subjects. Our research concentrates particularly on the means of reference to the « past ». Two aspects characterize the temporality description: the reference to verbal morphology on the one hand and the recourse to the pragmatic means (the lexicon, adverbs temporal, the principle of telling the events in the order of their occurrence) on the other hand. Verbal morphology and its development are in the centre of the data analyses collected. The verbal forms are examined in the formal and functional prospect, all while being based on a functionalist method. The fieldwork has been conducted near three Iranian learning French who resides in France.! It is a question of a longitudinal corpus (oral and writing) in order to raise the traces of the progressive development in the acquisition of temporality. We wonder in particular about the stages of morphological development in the description of temporality. The results of the analyses support not only the comparative study of three learning, but also their confrontation with learning from other research undertaken in various source and target languages. The main aim is to clarify the permanent phenomena in the acquisition of temporality in L2
Houar, Yahya. "L'emprunt linguistique de l'arabe marocain d'Oujda à la langue française : étude phonologique et sémantique." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05H085.
Full textPourquié, Bidegain Marie. "Approche neuropsycholinguistique du traitement des verbes dans l’aphasie agrammatique : étude translinguistique de cas : basque et français." Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20002.
Full textThis work comes within the field of neuropsycholinguistics, a multidisciplinary research area that studies brain-language relationships through the modelling of linguistic cognitive system. Our approach in this study is experimental and inductive: from the comparative examination of one Basque-speaking and one French-speaking agrammatic case while they process verbs and extended syntactic phrase structures in particular, the goal of this study is to locate, within the theoretical architecture of language, where a disruption seems to occur, provoking the kind of pathological manifestations we observe. We assess the validity of several main hypotheses developed in the field of aphasiology about the nature of agrammatism, on the basis of a linguistic protocol elaborated on the predictions emerging from such hypotheses and in the light of Basque language grammatical properties that allow the testing of verb processing more in depth. We describe from a quantitative and qualitative point of view the results collected from both agrammatic and matched control subjects in order to characterize the agrammatic behaviour and distinguish it from normal grammatical processing. Finally, we attempt to propose a « cohesive » analysis of the suggested underlying procedural deficit, from an interdisciplinary neuro-psycho-linguistic point of view, at the crossroads of works coming from linguistics, psycholinguistics and neuro-imaging in an attempt to provide an interpretative theoretical background liable to identify a common determinism
Fradin, Bernard. "Organisation de l'information lexicale et interface morphologie/syntaxe dans le domaine verbal." Paris 8, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA080791.
Full textThis thesis aims at describing french verbal auxiliaries. This description is put back in a broader range of questions concerning what linguistics considers as simple and complex. One of the major topics discussed in the first part is the question of the styles of description. We show that ita corresponds to a configurational approach,while both itp and wap are coined with a processual approach. Does the morphology constitute a system of its own,with categories and rules distinguished from those of syntax? the second part answers positively to this question and argues that the classical morphemic approach is unsuited to account for describing morphological phenomena,whatever they are. A detailed and formal account of most derivational phenomena in french is given, including those with truncation,allomorphy or suppletion. A treatment is proposed of the so-called parasynthetic forms. Bracketing paradoxes are also discussed at length. The third part begins with a criticism of the most influential analyses of french auxiliaries. In the following chapters, it is argued that complex verb forms involve a left side recursion and a configurational representation. Dur analysis gives a principled explanation of why there is no form with more than two temporal auxiliaries. The various surface forms of simple verbal tenses are accounted for through the application of chained functions. The verbal terminations are not affixes but the exponence of grammatical features carried by the verb
Rinne, Marie-Noëlle. "Didactique des langues en milieu universitaire : analyse contrastive de la morphologie et du sémantisme du genre dans l'enseignement du français à des locuteurs anglophones." Pau, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PAUU1006.
Full textThis study of noun gender as part of French Language Studies in English-speaking universities in Canada is a contrastive analysis of the morphology and the semantics of French and English genders, and pertains to the field of Applied Linguistics and more pointedly to French as a Second Language. It intends to elucidate and define French gender through its graphic, morphological, syntactic and phonological expressions while trying as well to establish the parameters of English gender, the English-speaking learner being at the centre of the didactic approach. This particular approach further justifies the parallel research on methods and factors in the acquisition of Foreign Languages. Finally, this study debates the arbitrary versus motivated nature of gender and lists its characteristics with the intention of creating a practical tool usable by all involved
Nyéki, Lajos. "Linguistique hongroise et linguistique generale. (problematique d'une description des structures morpho-syntaxiques de base du hongrois contemporain dans une perspective contrastive francais hongrois)." Paris 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA030034.
Full textThis thesis actually deals with two problem patterns : a description of hungarian and general linguistics. After defining the criterion and parameters of a scientific description, the autor determines the particularities of the vernacular compared to other semiological systems. Leaving aside any antimentalistic feature, he considers the language, not only as a system, but as a significant as well. A chapter "discourse analysis" deals with such matiers as : utterance and enunciation, theme and rheme, updating, determination, performance modes, presupposition, discursive types. Each feature is set out according to the signified signifier relationship. As the latter often takes on a prosodic aspect, a chapter deals with the vocal nature of the language, with poetry as one its outstanding manifestations. Most exemples and demonstrations are focused on hungarian, whose problems make up the second part : grammatical historical typological survey, predicative types, nominal sentence, discourse divisions, verb versus noun, nominal verb-forms, constituents of a simple sentence, case endings, nominalisation, rection, functional utterance prospect. The conclusion is a contrasted balance bringing out the main features of hungarian. The author does no conceal his own reserves about what he names "referential reasoning", which consists in electing from the language a reliable counterpart to outer reality
Ibernon, Laure. "La morphosyntaxe chez les syndromes de Williams francophones : le cas du genre grammatical." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON30071.
Full textThe aim of this research was to re-assess gender attribution and gender agreement abilities of French Williams Syndrome (WS) participants matched to mental age (N-AM) and chronological age (N-AC) controls. We first present production data from 24 WS aged 15. We show that regarding gender attribution WS exactly display the same strategy we observe in controls: they opt for the masculine as the default gender with highly gender-marked feminine suffixes only blocking it to some degree. Regarding agreement abilities, we found that WS show poorer performance but not allowing to claim that morphosyntactic competencies are impaired in this syndrome. We then report comprehension data from 38 WS participants, subdivided in two age groups. 11-year-old WS participants’ overall level of performance is far above that of MA-controls and similar to that of CA-controls. Conversely 17-year-old WS participants’ performance is significantly lower than that of CA-controls but also lower than the one observed in MA-controls. We consider the 11-year-old WS participants’ data prove that competency regarding attribution and agreement is intact in this syndrome and show that 17-year-old WS participants’ data are not due to an impaired linguistic competency. We therefore conclude that our production and comprehension data provisionally prove that French WS grammatical gender skills are intact
Chovanova, Iveta. "Morphologie constructionnelle du slovaque et éléments de comparaison avec le français : les adjectifs dénominaux construits par composition et dérivation." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN21015/document.
Full textIn this corpus-based study, we are concerned with the formation of two types of denominal adjectives in Slovak: adjectives suffixed with -ský (NskýA) and compound adjectives formed by an adjective and a noun (ANA). The obtained results are verified and tested in two surveys conducted with Slovak native speakers. The Slovak morphological constructions and compared with semantically equivalent expressions in French. The formation of ANA (MODROOKÝA "blue-eyed") obeys a set of three types of semantic constraints : (i) between ANA and the Head-Noun (HdN), e.g. modrookéA dievcaHdN "blue-eyed girl", (ii) between the noun-component (N) and the HdN (OKON "eye" et dievca "girl"), and (iii) between the adjective-component (A) and the N (MODRÝA "blue" et OKON "eye"). An ANA refers to an inherent property of an individual denoted by HdN. The interpretation in force is a Part-Whole Relation: the N denotes a constitutive and visible part of the concrete entity referred to by the HdN. The suffixation by means of -ský applies mainly to proper nouns denoting either a portion of space (toponym) or a human (anthroponym). In Slovak, the semantic interpretation of an NskýA adjective is normally the same as that of the base noun. Toponymic adjectives like LIBANONSKÝA "lebanese" can refer to the geographical space as well as to the inhabitants of this space. Only the HdN's semantic value is able to disambiguate the meaning of such a toponymic NskýA. As for anthroponymic NskýA like STALINSKÝA "stalinien", they are likely to appear, besides the relational use, i.e. "concerning Stalin", in qualifying contexts: "comparable to Staline"