Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'France. Armée. Armée, 9e'
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Nouat, Romaric. "Soigner la Grande Guerre : Le Service de Santé aux Armées dans la 9e région militaire durant la Première Guerre mondiale." Thesis, Tours, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUR2002/document.
Full textDuring the World War I, health care and supervision of soldiers are essential for the continuation of the war. Indeed, the French Army has millions of seek and wounded people during the battles and 1,400,000 dead people. The study of the hospital’s organization in the 9th French Military District shows an unknown history: those of soldier’s care in areas far from the battlefront. This study demonstrates the adaptation of this hospital’s organization to the evolution of the conflict and the care. It shows the function of each person who participates in these care: Red Cross “Croix Rouge”, Army Health Service, inhabitants, and civilian authorities. This study is showing which care are given to seek and wounded soldiers in this area and who are the medical practitioners who are giving the care. During the World War I, the 9th French Military District steadily becomes a secondary area in the chirurgical emergencies, but an important area for the soldier’s medical supervision
Heyriès, Hubert. "Les militaires savoyards et niçois entre deux patries (1848-1871) : Approche d'histoire militaire comparée armée française, armée piémontaise, armée italienne." Montpellier 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON30004.
Full textIn 1860, 602 officers and 12 329 savoyards and nicois had to choice between france and italy in conformity with the treaty of turin signed the 24 mars of 1860 by france and piemont. This treaty gave the savoie and nice to france. So, from 1848 to 1871, these soldiers have been taken between two countries. There are three periods: -between two culturs, 1848-1860 -between two lands, 1860 -between provincial identity and national identity, 1860-1871 from 1848 to 1860, in the employ of the king of piemont-sardaigne, these soldiers chose army by tradition and by ambition. Soldiers of quality, the officers took advantage of wars in 1848-1849, 1855-1856 and 1859, but the system of recruiting imposed by the general la marmora maked heavy the conscription. So, civils and soldiers voted in majority to the reunion of savoie and nice to france the 15-16 and 22-23 april 1860. The passage of these soldiers in france has been easy. But the officers have been divided. The minority chose france with reticence. The majority chose italy by fidelity to the king, by national feeling and by ambition. But these choices have been tragic for many of them. From 1860 to 1871, the integration in france has been difficult and disappointing, and the french system of recruiting permitted an integration +by force;. In italy, the integration has been fast, the carriers more prosperous, the mutation from alpes to sicile accepted. But the relation ships with savoie and nice have not been cut. In 1870-1871, the war between french and germans waked up risorgimental dreams in italy, while savoyars and nicois, for the firs time, fighted for france and their lands. Gradually, the national identity and the provincial identity met and the integration became a reality
Thomassin, Luc. "Les officiers des régiments de Chasseurs d'Afrique (1832-1848)." Paris, EPHE, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EPHE4056.
Full textFrom the outset, the Chasseur d'Afrique, especially the 1 st, enjoyed great social cachet. Officers of metropolitan regiments volunteered to serve ordinary troopers, and almost all the senior cavalry officers of the French Army in the later years of the century had served with chasseurs d'Afrique at some point in their careers. There was never any lack of volunteers at any rank. The four regiments all participated in the continuous Algerian fighting of the 1832s and 1848s. Their main roles were the escort and reconnaissance for columns, rear security during siege operations, strike and pursuit work. The charges were usually against heavy numerical odds. Despite the irresolution of these early years, however, the foundations of the Armée d'Afrique had been laid. The chasseurs d'Afrique were continuously engaged in operations similar to those of, in all the small offensives and campaigns of France's conquest of Algeria
Klein, Luc. "Le contrôle institutionnel de la force armée en démocratie." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAA010.
Full textThis dissertation aims at understanding how contemporary democratic systems deal with the existence of the armed forces within them and how they manage to use them, while respecting their principle of government. The two methods chosen are, on the one hand, the history of the institutions and, on the other hand, the study of the parallels between the legal systems (mainly that of the United States and of France). Using these tools, the dissertation aims at finding a balance both vertical (between the constitutionnal powers and the armed forces) and horizontal (between the constitutionnal powers themselves regarding the armed forces)
Calvet, Stéphane. "Les officiers charentais de la Grande Armée : la gloire, la reconnaissance et le rang dans la France du XIXe siècle." Avignon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AVIG1074.
Full textAt a time when several historians are taking an innovative look on military societies and when studies on the First Empire are more and more numerous, this book sets out of focus on the careers of professional especially concerned with the officers of the french department of Charente, an administrative district marked by its supposed bonapartism. The fist part aims at piecing together the careers of these officers to bring into light the way unequal opportunities characterized theses careers. Studying war violence and social backgrounds makes it easy to understand the disappointment of these men who gained their epaulettes dearly. The purpose of the second part is to observe and study the claims of veterans after the downfall of Napoleon. Numerous sources, both public and private, show that these men hoped for a fair acknoledgement of their services by the nation they had fought for. The third part contributes to assessing the extent of the disappointment as the officers who were covered in honours only came from wealthy backgrounds and could therefore maintain their social position. However for a great number of officers the sacrifices they had made during the war did not enable them to climb up the social ladder
Abel, Jonathan 1985. "Jacques-Antoine-Hippolyte, Comte De Guibert: Father of the Grande Armée." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc700071/.
Full textCatros, Simon. "Sans vouloir intervenir... : Les états-majors généraux français – Armée, Marine, Armée de l’Air et Colonies – dans la prise de décision en politique étrangère, 1935-1939." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040106/document.
Full textThis dissertation is a contribution to the rich historiography of France’s foreign policy in the 1930s. Its aim is to explore the specific role played by France’s general staffs in shaping foreign policy, drawing largely on sources that have recently come to light. Employing a combination of structural analysis and case studies, it focuses on a five-year period for the purpose of examining the role played by France’s general staffs in the decision-making process, both in routine affairs and in each succeeding diplomatic crisis, from the proclamation of Germany’s rearmament to the Wehrmacht’s offensive in Poland. The study begins by exploring the general staffs’organization, composition, and functioning, as well as their relations with the Foreign Affairs Ministry and the place they occupied in the decision-making process. An analysis of their perceptions of the diplomatic and strategic situation, and of domestic and international political developments, sheds light on the multiple, complex, and occasionally contradictory motives behind their interventions in foreign policy. Lastly, a study of the forms of intervention and a review of their results reveal the significance and, in some cases, the decisiveness of the general staffs’ role in shaping French diplomacy from Rome in January 1935 to Moscow in August 1939, by way of Stresa, London, and Munich
Koch, Roland. "L' armée du Rhin : 1870, analyse d'une défaite." Montpellier 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON30027.
Full textWhy the Army of the Rhine, strong of 200. 000 men, was beaten in the space of a few days? The defeat was not inescapable. An objective study of the facts makes it possible to prove the inanity of the generally advanced explanations. A victory or at least a less ashamed defeat was still possible. The French Army was more solid than it was claimed and Moltke was a methodical but noninfallible General. The French high command could not benefit from its imprudences and its errors. It is thus the incompetence so much strategic which tactical which is in question, in particular that of Bazaine, named, under the pressure of the Court, commander-in-chief of the armies on August 12
Chazaud, Quentin. "Les régiments de zouaves de l'armée française sous le Second Empire, une société militaire du premier âge industriel." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040028.
Full textFrom contemporaries recordings as well as remembrances in the collective thought, zouaves are found to be the emblematically significant soldiers of Napoleon III's reign. Who were they ? This thesis is a form of " collective biography " of these men, based on a deep sociological survey from primary sources, as well as a tactical study of troops employment, in order to find out if they were the so called " elite " of their fame. My intention was also to make a prospective reflection about the impact of technological progress on a conscriptionless army, in relation with nowadays army reforms
Abel, Jonathan 1985. "Jacques-Antoine-Hippolyte, comte de Guibert: Father of the Grande Armée." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc67951/.
Full textGiacomino, Claude Jean. "L'Outre-mer à travers le journal militaire officiel de 1873 à 1914." Montpellier 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON30047.
Full textFrom 1873 to 1914, two thousand four hundred and eighty eight, presidential and government documents related to the overseas forces were published in the military official gazette. These documents implemented and put into working order all the troops of this wast army within the french colonies and protectorates according to their military situations and the progress of colonization the precision of the orders given in these documents is remarkable : they are all meticulously accurate in the slightest details. Nevertheless, they constantly reminded the officiers in charge to carry out the orders with some flexibility according
Lespinois, Jérôme de. "De la défense du sanctuaire à la projection : l'armée de terre française des années 1970 à 1996." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040198.
Full textBoz-Acquin, Elise. "L'état et la force armée en droit constitutionnel français." Thesis, Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VERS024S.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is to examine the link between the State and armed force, a link which embodied by war-faring activity, in other words by military function, while focusing on an approach to sociopolitical and legal theories of the State. Military function is part of the general activity of the State and it is up to the military authority to exercise this function. In order to deal with the ways and means this function is exercised, it will be subject to intra-functional analysis (i.e. a study centered solely on the military function) as well as inter-functional analysis (i.e. a study of the military function in relation to the executive and legislative functions). Military function is not autonomous. It is one of the functions carried out by the executive power. The military function is unique in that it is not carried out by a military organ which is responsible for this specific task ̶ the existence of such an organ has always been refused ̶ but by a political power based on a decisional authority hinging on a technical authority carrying out military command. What is at stake is to avoid the setting up of a military organ capable of evolving into a military power, a risk which threatens both the political authority as well as the military authority itself
Pigeard, Alain. "Le service des vivres dans les armées du Premier Empire 1804-1815 (armée de terre)." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040045.
Full textAfter seizing power on 18 Brumaire, Bonaparte set to reorganizing the army he had inherited from the old regime and the revolution. Of all the reforms, the service of provisions, sorely extended during the campaigns of 1792 to 1799 would receive particular attention right up until the end of the Empire. Two distinct ministries would be created: the ministry of war and the ministry of war administration; with the service of provisions depending on the latter (the precise designation was to change frequently). The war administrators corps, created on the 29th of January, 1800, would have the highly demanding task of organizing the supply of troops that would roam throughout the European continent. The vast size of the armies and the increasingly distant campaigns would force napoleon to use inexact methods (requisitioning, special levying). The severest shortages would be felt during the Polish (1807), Russian (1812) Spanish and Portuguese (1807-1813) campaigns; the absence of provisions would sometimes be replaced by looting. Even with the best imperial will, the system never functioned correctly; the cost of the wars being a factor of considerable importance. The soldier was all too often forced to improvise; the Napoleonic wars would serve as
Leroux, Denis. "Une armée révolutionnaire : la guerre d'Algérie du 5e bureau." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H077.
Full textDuring the Algerian War, French officers considered the army and its action as revolutionary. They aimed to radically reform military institutions, adapting them to a conflict perceived as a revolutionary war led by communism whose goal was the political control of the population. This revolutionary army had to participate in the modernization of Algeria, integrating Algerians into the French social body, allowing the emergence of an "Algérie nouvelle". In order to achieve this goal, these officers advocated an authoritarian hardening of the state capable of countering communist subversion. This thesis explores the roots, content and consequences of this revolutionary army through the study of the 5th bureau : the staff officers responsible for conducting psychological action from 1955 to 1960, as well the propagandists, political commissars and theoreticians of politico-military action. It employs a prospography of the individual and collective career trajectories of these officers, and analyzes the institutional logics; discourses, and the practices of the 5th bureaus. Tt highlights the political action of the army during the crisis of May and June 1958 through the authoritarian mobilization of Algerians for fraternization demonstrations that aimed to evince Algerians' commitment to a renovated colonial order. This project was defeated by the cleat opposition of the Gaullist state, which dissolved the 5th Bureaus in February 1960 following the week of the barricades uprising, but particularly by its systematic misunderstanding of the Algerian political situation
Buttner, François. "De la sécurité des établissements publics à la défense de l'Empire : histoire des compagnies de réserve départementale 1805-1814." Montpellier 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON30011.
Full text"compagnies de reserve departementales" were organized by emperor napoleon in 1805 and disbanded by king louis the eighteenth in 1814. They were composed of recruits, commanded by retired officers and paid on funds of cities and "departements". Such units were created later in every new "departement" of the french empire. Formerly, their mission was the security of "prefectures" and of some public buildings. In fact, "prefets", who were directly in command of them, gave them missions concerning law and order : search of uncompliant recruits, convoy of prisoners of war. . . Furthermore, the emperor drew in their ranks large reinforcements for his armies, especially from 1808 (for spain) to 1813 (for saxony). The destiny of those drafts, during somewhat unknown operations, and their actions against invasion in 1814 are also presented
Hamelin, Fabrice. "La spécificité militaire, une construction institutionnelle : le cas de la formation des officiers du génie aux XIXe et XXe siècles." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000IEPP0038.
Full textNoique, Jean-Arthur. "Images et mémoires de la 1re Armée française (1943-2015)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MON30085.
Full textThe 1st French Army under General de Lattre de Tassigny's command is fading from the collective memory of French society, despite having freed a large portion of France. The “Rhine and Danube” association, the natural guardian of the 1st French Army's legacy, failed to disseminate its story. Competition with other memorable events of the Second World War, the role of the State, the Ministry of Education ... overshadowed the significant contribution of the de Lattre Army to the Liberation of France, from the landing in Provence and onward
Ba, Amadou. "Des "Sénégalais" à Madagascar : militaires ouest-africains dans la conquête et la colonisation de la Grande-île (1895-1960)." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA070024.
Full textOf Senegalese in Madagascar : West African Soldiers in the Colonization of the Grande Ile (1895-1960) France, in the second half of the 19th century, in an attempt to regain part of the grandeur she had lost during the Napoleonic wars, and most significantly in the aftermath of her defeat against Prussia in 1980, resumed her colonization policy in Africa and the Indian Ocean. In March 1895, an expedition launched against the Grande ile resulted in the capture of Antanananarivo in September that same year. The troops sent to this country included individuals hailing from Afrique Occidentale Française (French West Africa), usually referred to as the "tirailleurs senegalais" - even though most of them did not originate from the colony of Senegal per se, but rather from other territories - who played a significant part After being used as units of conquest and « pacifying », the African recruits from the A. O. F, Afrique occidentale française (French West Africa), remained stationed in this southwestern Indian océan colony as an occupying force and turned into police forces. In the year 1947, a violent insurrection broke out in eastern Madagascar. In order to repress this uprising, France sent once more battalions of "tirailleurs sénégalais", quartered in her Djibouti base, but also in metropolitan France. Many of those soldiers were killed (1,900 "tirailleurs" died). At the end of the operation, large numbers of those soldiers were maintained in this country as policemen, as had been the case at the beginning of the XIXth century, and without ever returning to their homeland. Drawing from archives (Vincennes and Aix-en-Provence in France, the National Archives of Senegal and the Archives of the Republic of Madagascar), iconography and films, fieldwork carried out in Madagascar in 2006, in Senegal (2006 and 2008), and in France; but drawing mostly from books and journals on the history of the "tirailleurs sénégalais", colonial French and Malagasy military history, I seek to pièce together this history of the "tirailleurs sénégalais". A history both neglected by scholars and overlooked by the French nation. My dissertation falls into three chapters: First, I analyze the main motivations behind the military draft in West Africa used so as to conquer a colony located thousands of kilometers away from A. O. F. (French West Africa). What were the particulars, the methods, and the strategies of the draft? What was the position of the A. O. F. In this draft? How did the young African view the army? Where those recruits volunteers? What were their social and ethnic backgrounds? The second chapter is devoted to the study of the various missions the tirailleurs sénégalais were trusted with. What was their role in the colonization of Malagascar? What happened to them after the conquest and "pacifying"? Lastly, I turn to the contemporary impact of a West African presence in the colonization of Madagascar through three themes:
Lagache, Stéphane. "Sélection et allocation de la ressource humaine dans les régiments de l'armée de terre : réflexions sur la conscription." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989IEPP0010.
Full textColson, Bruno. "Le général Rogniat : premier ingénieur de la Grande Armée et critique militaire." Paris, EPHE, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EPHE4078.
Full textGeneral Joseph Rogniat (1776-1840) was chief engineer of the Grande Armée in 1813. In 1816, he wrote a book on the art of war, in which he praised but also critized Napoleon. On the island of Saint-Helena, the emperor read the book, denigrated it and dictated harsh commentaries which were published in 1823. Rogniat was shocked and wrote a angry response. This contradictory exchange of ideas was quite unique. Its analysis and the reactions it produced lead to a re-evaluation of french military thought at the beginning of the 19th century. General Rogniat's brilliant career also provides a better insight into the role of the french engineer corps during the napoleonic wars. Rogniat was the son of a notary who was a member of the legislative assemby and personified the new bourgeois elite. General Rogniat served the Bourbon restauration and became a pear of France in 1831. Most of the archival sources used in this work come from the french military archives in Vincennes, the national archives in Paris and private papers
Lambart, Christian. "La présence militaire à Troyes (1814-1914) : politique locale, opinion et armée au XIXème siècle." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040208.
Full textMiot, Claire. "Sortir l'armée des ombres.Soldats de l'Empire, combattants de la Libération, armée de la Nation : La Première armée française, du débarquement en Provence à la capitulation allemande (1944-1945)." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLN041.
Full textBy writing a complete history of the First French Army from the Provence landing on August 15, 1944, to the German surrender on May 8, 1945, this dissertation aims to connect the military, diplomatic and political dimensions of this campaign with its colonial, social and cultural aspects. Born in North Africa from the fusion between the Free French and the so called ‘’Armée d’Afrique”, reinforced in metropolitan France with volunteers coming from the Resistance and with conscripts, it was an extremely heterogeneous army. Nevertheless it had to fulfill a challenging set of diplomatic, political and military objectives: to restore the national grandeur four years after the defeat and to get France a seat at the table with other victorious nations, to implement a national unity program and to deal with the aspirations for change coming from French society.In May 1945, these challenges had only been partially overcome. Even if its successes were tarnished by incidents of rape and looting, the French army was victorious on the battlefront and France obtained control of an occupation zone in Germany. Political and military tensions among soldiers decreased while they were fighting a common enemy. But peace brought these tensions back. The Post-War army was only marginally renewed. And as general mobilization was never decreed in metropolitan France, natives and Europeans born in the empire paid the harshest price to deliver the mother country as contestation of the colonial order increased. In 1945, the gap between the nation and its army, and between metropolitan France and its empire was wider than ever
Bottin, Michel. "L' enseignement militaire français et le rayonnement de la France : de la IIIe République à nos jours." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010582.
Full textDuchamp, Jean-Luc. "Mobilité, stratégie et reconversion : le retour à la vie civile des cadres des armées titulaires d'une pension de retraite." Paris 5, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05H011.
Full textWe have pointed out the whole importance of the interaction between the work in the military forces and the labour market and we have explained that the transfer of military qualifications involves changes in the professional status that are necessary for the second civil career. Although army professionals (due to the low age it linked with their status) return to civil jobs at an age when there is considerable affinity between social identity and social position, we can show that when no conversion occurs, the identification to the pre-retired section is a means of limiting a certain debasement linked to the early end of people's professional lives. Therefore, the return to civil life is merely a problem of inadequate conversion rather that one of lack conversion, this is easily accepted specially because the military administration has encouraged those who requested professional and social mobility. From these remarks, we have drafted out six models accounting for the original behaviour, they put an emphasis on the strategies of the return to civil life that derive from professional and social mobility
Montroussier, Laurence. "Éthique et commandement au XIXe siècle : Le sens du devoir du chef militaire français à travers les mémoires, 1799-1848." Montpellier 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON30039.
Full textThanks to a database containing 651 memoirs written by French army officers on duty between 1799 and 1848, we have been able to make out a sample of a hundred representative memoirs. The study of the defined corpus allowed us to discuss the different views of the military sense of duty throughout the wars of the first half of the nineteenth century related by their witnesses. A first part itemizing the different types of army officers according to their professional or educational background (upgrading from schools or service), their rank (general, colonel, captain, non-commissioned officers) brought to the fore the moral values spread among the army heads. A second typology based on the different types of conflicts (conventional and specific wars)showed that the sense of duty of army heads depended on the situation they had to deal with. Finally, it seems that the type of war rather than the heads themselves conditioned the representation of the sense of duty
Jakubowski, Sébastien. "D'une institution d'Etat à une organisation : le cas de l'armée de terre française professionnalisée : contribution à une sociologie de l'autorité et des processus de transformation." Lille 1, 2005. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2005/50377-2005-13.pdf.
Full textWanaim, M'bark. "Goumiers, Spahis et tirailleurs marocains de l'armée française : engagement, parcours et oubli (1908-2006)." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010559.
Full textPerron, François. "Le débat Armée-nation en France au début du XXè siècle : la pensée militaire de Jean Jaurès." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CLF10073.
Full textBruyère-Ostells, Walter. "Les officiers de la Grande Armée dans les mouvements nationaux et libéraux (1815-1833)." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040045.
Full textThe Grand Army officers take part in national and liberal actions in France, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Greese, Belgium, Poland and South America. They play a great part in the army and politics as well. South America or Greece recruit officers by contracts ; in Napoli, in Piedmont, France, Belgium or in Poland, most Napoleonic officers act by conviction. They are liberal with bonapartist liking or, less often, with orleanist liking. Real boonapartist are few and most officers don’t prefer any dynasty before 1830. That’s why Louis-Philippe was accepted in July 1830. Among officers, many are republicans, either moderate or radical. They are numerous among either in the 1789’s or even in Marie-Louises. In additional, National feeling explains their commitment, even in foreign parts. During uprisings for national liberty (France, Belgium), commitment can be spontaneous but in other revolutions (Italy, Greece), it can be the result of underground groups. Officers stay in European liberal towns. There, free masonry is still a mind society but doesn’t choose between liberalism and conservatism. So, officers join secret societies like carboneria. Their action is real but itisn’t a European union
Bodart, Benoit. "Les marsouins et bigors de 1880 à 1914. : étude anthropologique et prosopographique." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30073.
Full textTitle : French marine troops (“marsouins”) from 1880 until 1914. Anthropologic and prosopographical study.In the wake of the 1870-1871 military defeat, France resumed its colonial expansion. Politicians on all sides, economists or investors justified “colonialism” in order to provide the country with troops specialized in overseas operations. In this context, French marine infantry and artillery units were specifically tasked with operating outside French soil in order to carry out the three stages of the colonial process: conquest, pacification and administrative management.This aim of this research is to get a better knowledge of the soldiers nicknamed “marsouins”, from their recruitment up to their deployment overseas. In addition to paying attention to the recruitment process, we’ll also focus on their training, so as to know whether these troops were endowed with the intellectual and physical qualities needed to operate in French colonies.In order to achieve this research, it was necessary to study about 4,500 Army registers to compile statistics. The exploitation of about 100 testimonies also allowed us to have a better understanding of the daily life of these troops, their motivations to sign up, the difficulties they experienced, as well as their joys, expectations in terms of promotions and awards.Moreover, we could observe that the “marsouin” was able to adapt to the different situations and circumstances he was faced with, in spite of the poor quality of the recruits and their too limited number between 1880 and 1914. However, these troops had a bad reputation which tended to improve as the French colonial empire grew and got stronger
Sick, Sylvain. "Les conscrits du Léman et du Mont-Blanc, la conscription et la Grande-Armée, sous le Consulat et l'Empire." Paris 12, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA120067.
Full textThese works are articulated around two sections. The first is dedicated to the study of Leman and Mont-Blanc conscripts in the heart of their state of origin. The conscript population is studied though operations of conscriptions the sanitary state that characterised them, the public spirit that they showed, as well as through particular phenomenon such as replacements, rebelliousness and it’s repression. The second part of this research analyses what became of these same individuals once they have been incorporated in the regirnents of the Great Army. These works, mainly statistical, study the distribution during the ordinary and extraordinary levies of the Empire, before presenting these men’s militar careers trough their participation in the campaigns. The history of their regiments, and what became of them. A last part evokes the dismantlement and the destiny of the soldiers and states of Leman and Mont-Blanc in 1813-1814
Lavie, Xavier. "Le chef des armées en France (1791-1981)." Montpellier 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON30047.
Full textFrom 1791 to 1981, the establishment of the head of army is given a constitutional definition. But the power is not restricted to texts and an exercise has enabled to precise its scope. Louis xvi is the commander in chief of army and navy. The revolutionary constitutional texts lead to a negative definition of the function but the directoire will have the armed forces at its disposal. The empire will see the civilian chief of the armed forces. Under the restauration, the function of the state leader includes the function of commander in chief. The president has at his disposal the armed forces in 1848. Louis napoleon will be c. I. C. Then in 1852. With the marshalship, the third republic transfers the institution of "head of army" and state leader from the monarchy to the republic. Function of c. I. C. Is chairman for defense in comittees and or councils. This chairmanship being mainly political. The leader has the qualities devoted to the c. I. C. , he has "the" political command and 'a' military command. The relationship between the political leader and the c. I. C. Is essentially a civilian matter. The political establishment of the head of army overcomes the military chain of
Claudel, Michel. "Définition et conduite de la politique du personnel sous-officier dans les armées françaises de 1635 à nos jours." Paris 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA020038.
Full textJoannidès, de Lautour Vassili. "Accountability et ethnicité dans une congrégation religieuse : l’Armée du Salut en France, en Suisse, au Royaume-Uni et en Suède." Paris 9, 2009. https://bu.dauphine.psl.eu/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2009PA090027.
Full textThe dissertation purport stoad dress how every day conduct reflects influences of ethnicity on Accountability practices. Accounting is treated as a discursive system in which individuals speak about themselves in Terms of asset-liability, debit-credit, income, value. Thence, I am purporting tounder stand how ethnically driven parishes appropriate their congregation accountability spirituality to render accounts to God. To answer this question, I conducted an ethno-methodological study of the Salvation Army in France, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and Sweden, where White French, Haitians, Congolese (Brazzaville and Kinshasa), German-Swiss, WASPS, Zimbabweans and Vikings were observed. The thesis arrives at three styles of accountability revealing differentiated ethnic influences : full covenant, partial covenant and blank covenant. In the three styles, accountability appears As a system where byt the expectations of a Higher-Stakeholder are approximated by managers, Intermediary stakeholders and individuals through every day life practices
Soubrier, Stéphanie. ""Races guerrières" : armée, science et politique dans l'empire colonial français (années 1850-1918)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H096.
Full textTheorized in 1910 by general Charles Mangin, who advocated the recruitment of a Force noire in French West Africa, the races guerrières category was used in France, between the 1850s and the end of the First World War, to designate colonized groups deemed especially warlike and prone to military service. This dissertation traces the emergence of this unique military and ethnographic category, during the second part of the XIXth century. It studies the ways in which it was put into practice, its imperial and transimperial circulations, as well as the role played by the races guerrières themselves in the construction of the category. Military archives, among which Mangin’s files, colonial officers and soldiers’ writings, and a selection of scientific sources offer insights into the internal definition of races guerrières, and its connection with races non guerrières. Although colonial officers and the military presented it as a recruitment tool, the races guerrières category was very unstable and was never used as a precise guide to select indigenous recruits. However, it gave birth to the ambiguous figure of the native soldier, both reassuring and threatening. The experience of the First World War, during which the category was first put to the test on European ground, offered both a confirmation and a refutation
Larroumet, Marie. "Mythe et images de la Légion étrangère (1945 à 1994)." Montpellier 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON30045.
Full textSince 1831, when it was created by louis-philippe, until nowadays, the public has always shown an interest more and more developped for the foreign legion and the legionnar. This interest has been successively revealed throughout articles, first in military publications, then in civil ones, in books, or publications entirely dedicated to the legion, but also in the making of songs, films, and most recently television programs. During these one hundred and sixty years, profans imagin the foreign legion according to two stereotypes : a positive representation that may be qualified of myth, since this vision has no well defined authors, and the legionnar is presented in it as a hero, in the first meaning of the term; and a negative representation, whose authors are perfectly identified, which presents the legionnar solely according to what he was before he engaged, what is in fact all the contrary of a myth. The positive representation is the first one to develop in the xixth century initiated by former legionnars, then detractors of foreign regiments start to let their voices be heard before the first world war. During the two world wars, and till 1978, the two visions evolve parallely, the first, until the end of the 1950's, then the second one, during the 1970's, taking progressively the advantage over the other one. Yet, since the operation of the 2nd regiment of parachutist legionnars on kolwezi, the public seems to have a representation of the legion and the legionnar a bit less stereotyped, closer to the reality
Neviaski, Alexis. "Képi blanc, casque d’acier et chemise brune : une tentative subversive vue par les archives françaises." Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040060.
Full textThe litigations between Germany and the French Foreign Legion started before the 1st World War. Despite this, the end of the war changed the situation. For one part, the two nations were no longer equal to each other, as Germany had lost the war, and was suffering from important internal problems. On the other hand ‘the old Legion had died in the trenches in the North of France’. Because of this, the Legion, as an institution, needed to rebuild itself. Unfortunately to do this, and to renew itself, it needed war- hardened troupes, which could only be recruited from their old enemy, Austria and Germany. This paradox, not only was the start of a rivality between the nations, to assure the recruitment, or its refusal, but also led to a spy system being formed between the two countries. In its term this led to a communication’s system being formed around social evolutions and the life surrounding the Legion. For the French Foreign Legion, the period between the two World Wars, is a passage from one war to another, and has no peaceful moments. It is a period where it questioned itself, adapted to subversive political elements, and which it became part of the rivality between growing colonial and political differences
Diest, Philippe. "Le Nord-Pas-de-Calais et l'armée de 1871 à 1914 : le poids des infrastructures militaires au regard de l'économie, de la société et de la politique septentrionales." Thesis, Amiens, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AMIE0012/document.
Full textIn 1871, France sustains one of the worst defeats in its History. The protection of the country and the formation of recruits demand serious reforms which translate into the construction and settlement or numerous military infrastructures, fortifications, barracks, hospitals and military sites. And yet border departments of Nord and Pas-de-Calais, which hereafter form the district of the 1st Army Corps, stand out in many respects. Their substantial military heritage has undergone little upgrade, and military land hasn’t expanded since the beginning of the century. However, economic, demographic and urban expansion explains why there is competition between the army and the population. The latter feel like they live under threat and have to bear multiple constraints; nevertheless they also acknowledge the profits they make from military settlements. Urban planning, political life, public health and entertainment are frequent subjects of debate, in which both the real and the imaginary are mingled. Depending on their gender, geographical location, social class, and age, each inhabitant maintains a particular relationship with the military facility. The elected representatives, who are increasingly organized, criticize and influence the public perception of these facilities, in the hope to alleviate the burden imposed by the army. These pressures result in the military infrastructures being called into question, and the border being progressively decommissioned. The development of Nord-Pas-de-Calais thus takes precedence over its defence, which partly explains its invasion in 1914
Deschaux-Dutard, Delphine. "De l'Eurocorps à une armée européenne ? : pour une sociologie historique européenne de sécurité et de défense (1991-2007)." Grenoble 2, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00349871.
Full textThis dissertation deals with the construction, practices and legitimating uses of the European Security and Defence Policy since the 1990's. First we study the genesis of the European defence policy taking into account short-term factors opening a policy window (the end of the Cold War, the Balkan conflicts, NATO's reform) as well as structural factors, in this case the socializing framework of the French-German military cooperation. We demonstrate the political entrepreneurship of Mitterrand and Kohl seizing this policy window. They were later taken over by the diplomatic services of the EU states. Secondly we analyze the construction of the European defence policy as a specific social figuration within the EU framework. This new social figuration, relying on proper organs and on intergovernmentalism, interplays with the national defence figurations structured in time, modifying the interdependence games between the capitals and Brussels, and between the main actors groups (in this case officers, diplomats and defence civil servants). Moreover this ESDP figuration is deeply affected and modelled by the weight of the socialization of theses actors on a threefold level : national, professional and institutional. These several socialization weigh on the way theses actors daily practice and conceive the European defence policy. Indeed this new social space is invested on different ways by each categories of actors (military and diplomatic/civilian). Last but not least, the national security cultures are still very pregnant and go on framing ESDP in different ways according to the security representations of each state. This raises legitimating questions for this policy. Eventually European Security and Defence Policy does not aim at building a Euro-army, but fulfils latent functions as a political and symbolic substitute for European security action in the world. These latent functions appear to be at least as important as, if not more than, its manifest functions of reactivity to crisis. Thus ESDP aims at helping construct politically an international role for the EU in security matters
Andrivon, Milton Sabine. "La Martinique et la grande guerre." Antilles-Guyane, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AGUY0103.
Full textGorau, François. "La vénalité des charges militaires en France aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040144.
Full textThe purchase of military charges known as the "venality" of military officers' commissions came early into use and was a wide phenomenon in the XVIIth and XVIIIth centuries, especially in the royal household. Because of the scarcity of regulative texts, the frequency of illegal acts and the ambiguous attitude of the state towards its deviations, this institution is a complex system with ill-defined limits, which is a characteristic trait of the Ancien regime. The study of notarial records and chroniclers' memorials can help measure the economic and social import of the venality of commissions in officers' circles, be they courtiers or country gentlemen. Although the evolution and the end of this institution were different from those of secular offices, they testify nonetheless to the powerlessness of the monarchy to adapt its reforms to the new ideas of the XVIIIth century
Dupont, Vincent. "De la Belle Époque au putsch d'Alger, évolution politico-militaire d'une génération d'officiers français." Thesis, Amiens, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AMIE0050.
Full textThis work aims to understand the evolution of a French officers generation born between 1888 and 1898 and who will become generals going back to the origins of these men, the education they received, in order to grasp the full relief of their engagements during their military career and more widely in their lives, until the wars of decolonization where they were at the head of the French army. These officers have indeed gone through an unusual time, that of the 20th century made of political and military crises and more directly of wars where their role became more and more important, helping to assert their political and military identity. If some of them still have streets with their names, to study their history and that, less known, of many of their comrades, allows to grasp the evolution of this group of individuals from a prosopographic angle, and to illuminate both the history of the French officer corps in the 20th century, but also, more broadly, the politico-military history of France through their eyes during this period
Lagrange, François. "Moral et opinions des combattants français durant la première guerre mondiale d’après les rapports du contrôle postal de la IVe armée." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040003/document.
Full textTrench Warfare is commonly described by war veterans and historians as a highly dangerous and fast unbearable experience. This comprehensive study tries to improve our understanding of morale and opinions of French soldiers during World War I. Why did so many people fight such a long time, in spite of death; suffering and danger? Reports of military censorship of the IVth Army from January 1915 to March 1918 help, as sort of opinion polls, to find answers by giving us a lot of valuable and various information
Vennesson, Pascal. "L'institutionnalisation de l'Armée de l'air, 1890-1934." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992IEPP0026.
Full textThe institutionalization of an autonomous French air force (1890-1934) was not the result of the international context, neither of the airmen will, nor of the domination of a new military doctrine (air power), nor of a simple technological determinism. Politicians played an important role during the process, like the fighter in the new service after the first world war. The French air force have been constituted as a composite institution, that added many different missions (often contradictory), their inscription on a technology (the "BCR" airplane), and by an absence of clear military doctrine
Berrette, Valérie. "Les engagés volontaires de l'armée de terre (EVAT) : l'influence de l'environnement social, familial et professionnel sur le métier de soldat." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H126.
Full textMost army soldiers fulfill their duties in « operational » battalions, the purpose of which is combat. In this perspective, they must be ready to deploy, at any time, to foreign theatres of operations where France would be concerned. More than a job, soldiers choose a way of life, heavily ruled by their professional constraints in terms of availability (factions, services, missions, trainings, foreign operations). A survey was carried out among 1940 soldiers using questionnaires and 62 individual interviews. This gave them the opportunity to express themselves on difficulties to conciliate social, family and personal lives with this profession. Young and single when taking on, they live at the battalion; liberated from material constraints and family duties, they are willing to be mobile. However, personal situation evolution, boredom due to the nature of the activity, an image that does not match military reality have an influence on these soldiers' dynamism
Jauffret, Jean-Charles. "Parlement, gouvernement, commandement : l'armée de métier sous la troisième République : 1871-1914." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010534.
Full textEspinosa, Carole. "L' armée et la ville en France de la Seconde Restauration à la veille du conflit franco-prussien (1805-1870)." Montpellier 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON30040.
Full textThis doctorate concerns the relationships between the army and the towns in France and their contribution to the edification of the Nation, to the Second Restauration at the french prussian war (1815-1870). During the 19th century, army and town experience importants transformations, and both contribute to symbolyze the greatness of the Nation. In the context of a territory became more open at the ennemy's attacks, because of the mowing of the communication's network, specially the railway, a new defensive strategy is constructed, in whinch the town hold a major place. The military's aspects are integrated in to the organization of the territory and the urban's processing. This fact increase the military presence in town, specially military building projects in the city. More over, the army garantees the order in the city's most of them, became theter of violence, generated in this period by politicals and socials turbulences, results of the economicals tranformations. Finally, with in towns, military'presence take part in the edification of a new social connections. Ones linked to the large officer's presence among urban's elites, others connected to soldiers more closely to popular's preoccupations
Bout, Vallot Lugdivine. "La résilience au service de la fiabilité organisationnelle : le cas des forces opérationnelles de l'Armée de l'air." Aix-Marseille 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX32093.
Full textSiniscalco, Marie. "Les bibliothèques militaires dans la formation académique des officiers français au XIX siècle (1789-1914)." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00793661.
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