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Journal articles on the topic 'France Martinique'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

Révauger, Jean-Paul. "The Influence of Culture and of Institutional Factors in Social Policy: French Social Policy in Martinique." Social Policy and Society 1, no. 4 (September 12, 2002): 285–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746402004025.

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The standards and structure of social policy in Martinique are now very similar to those in France. However, in spite of its funding by France, welfare remains problematic. Although the staff are local, the structure and concepts are French, which technically makes policy implementation difficult, and creates uneasiness. The implementation of French welfare in Martinique runs counter to the local politics of identity and the drive for autonomy. Welfare focuses the chief ambiguity of Martinique, which craves for local control, but would like to maintain the current level of funding from Europe.
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2

Moizan, Emmanuel. "Fort-de-France (Martinique). Rue Schœlcher." Archéologie médiévale, no. 43 (December 1, 2013): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/archeomed.9841.

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Belpomme, Dominique, and Philippe Irigaray. "Environment as a Potential Key Determinant of the Continued Increase of Prostate Cancer Incidence in Martinique." Prostate Cancer 2011 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/819010.

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Prostate cancer incidence is steadily increasing in many developed countries. Because insular populations present unique ethnic, geographical, and environmental characteristics, we analyzed the evolution of prostate cancer age-adjusted world standardized incidence rates in Martinique in comparison with that of metropolitan France. We also compared prostate cancer incidence rates, and lifestyle-related and socioeconomic markers such as life expectancy, dietary energy, and fat supply and consumption, with those in other Caribbean islands, France, UK, Sweden, and USA. The incidence rate of prostate cancer in Martinique is one of the highest reported worldwide; it is continuously growing since 1985 in an exponential mode, and despite a similar screening detection process and lifestyle-related behaviour, it is constantly at a higher level than in metropolitan France. However, Caribbean populations that are genetically close to that of Martinique have generally much lower incidence of prostate cancer. We found no correlation between prostate cancer incidence rates, life expectancy, and diet westernization. Since the Caribbean African descent-associated genetic susceptibility factor would have remained constant during the 1980–2005, we suggest that in Martinique some environmental change including the intensive use of carcinogenic organochlorine pesticides might have occurred as key determinant of the persisting highly growing incidence of prostate cancer.
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Miles, William F. S. "The irrelevance of independence: Martinique and the French presidential elections of 2002." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 77, no. 3-4 (January 1, 2003): 221–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002523.

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Focuses on the Martinican votes for the French presidential elections of 2002, and compares it with earlier elections, especially the one of 1981. Author surveys in this light the societal and political transformations that occurred in and regarding Martinique between 1981 and 2002. He discusses French policy in this period, and explains that while both left-leaning and right-leaning parties wanted to keep the island's "département" status intact, Socialist governments since 1981 were more supportive of decentralization, and the cultural specificity and identity of Martinique, but later also right-leaning governments, indicative of mainstreaming of overseas French multicultural politics. Then, he discusses Martinican politics, and the importance therein of Martinique's status as département with its associated French welfare state benefits. Most Martinicans favor this status because of these benefits over independence, but political parties reflect different views on this integration within France, ranging from pro-independence, to autonomy. Author further discusses the differences of Martinican votes with general French trends in the 2002 presidential elections.
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Miles, William F. S. "Mitterrand in the Caribbean: Socialism (?) Comes to Martinique." Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 27, no. 3 (1985): 63–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/165600.

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May 10, 1981, not only ushered in a political surprise for France, as well as for its European and American allies, but sent positive shockwaves throughout that part of the Caribbean which is still French. On that date François Mitterrand came to power in the Metropole of France at the same time that the Départements d'Outre-Mer (DOM or overseas departments) of Martinique, Guadeloupe and Guiana rejected his candidacy with a unanimity as stunning as it is rare in West Indian politics. Ever since the DOM have been coping with Socialism in France, decentralization in the Caribbean, and an unprecedented antilleanization of local culture, institutions, and politics. The result has been a paradox of heightened social liberalism combined with intensified political violence; but paradox has always been at the heart of the French Antilles.
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JUSTINE, JEAN-LOU, DELPHINE GEY, JULIE VASSEUR, JESSICA THÉVENOT, MATHIEU COULIS, and LEIGH WINSOR. "Presence of the invasive land flatworm Platydemus manokwari (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) in Guadeloupe, Martinique and Saint Martin (French West Indies)." Zootaxa 4951, no. 2 (April 6, 2021): 381–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4951.2.11.

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The land flatworm Platydemus manokwari (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) is recorded from the islands of Guadeloupe, Martinique, and Saint Martin in the Caribbean arc. Photographs and records were obtained mainly from citizen science and ranged from the end of 2018 to February 2021; several specimens were deposited in the collections of the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle in Paris, France. Thirty records were from Guadeloupe, but only one from Martinique and from Saint Martin, respectively. The COI sequences of 3 specimens from Guadeloupe show that they belong to the World haplotype also found in many countries. We also report P. manokwari from Fort Myers, Florida, USA, with molecular characterization, which was also the World haplotype. This is the first published record of P. manokwari for Guadeloupe, Martinique and Saint Martin and the second for islands in the Caribbean, after Puerto Rico.
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7

Séverin, Lucien. "Mythes et réalités de la Martinique catholique à la fin de la période coloniale." Dossier Antilles et Louisiane 32, no. 2 (November 3, 2014): 135–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1027200ar.

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A travers l’étude des ouvrages parus à l’occasion du tricentenaire de la célébration de l’appartenance de la Martinique à la France en 1935, cet article a pour but de présenter quelques éléments montrant la constitution d’un récit historique de la Martinique catholique en parallèle de l’inventaire sociopolitique. Entre évènements et personnages fondateurs, il s’agit de voir l’interprétation qui en est faite par les principaux auteurs de l’historiographie religieuse martiniquaise de l’époque. Cela permet de mettre ainsi en évidence quelques aspects de la mentalité religieuse martiniquaise et antillaise, notamment ceux concernant l’interprétation des évènements au travers du filtre religieux, souvent décriés par les autorités religieuses comme étant des relents de paganisme.
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8

Lacoste, J., S. Merle, N. Ballon, A. Charles-Nicolas, G. Ursulet, and A. Messiah. "Prevalence of Mental Disorders in Martinique, French West Indies: A Community-based Epidemiological Study." West Indian Medical Journal, Vol 67, Issue 4: 2018 (December 31, 2018): 317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7727/wimj.2016.216.

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Objective: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of mental disorders in the population of Martinique, as part of the survey entitled ‘Mental Health in the General Population – Images and Realities’ (Santé Mentale en Population Générale – Images et Réalités). The survey was a multicentre epidemiological study in the general population, conducted in mainland France and French overseas islands between 1997 and 2006, under the authority of the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Training and Research in Mental Health (Lille, France). Methods: The study took place in 2000. Participants aged 18 years or over were recruited in public places, using the quota sampling method, and interviewed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Results: A total of 900 participants (52.7% women) with a mean age of 43 years completed the survey. Lifetime prevalence of any mental disorder was 29%. Mood (15%) and anxiety disorders (17%) were the most frequent. The rate of suicide attempts was low (4.2% lifetime), while the frequency of suicidal thoughts was high (11% past month) and similar to the frequency in mainland France. Conclusion: Mental disorders, especially mood and anxiety disorders, were as frequent in Martinique as in mainland France. The lower rates of suicide attempts, in spite of high rates of suicidal thoughts, might deserve further investigation. Our results should strengthen the development of a system of diagnosis and care for these disorders, especially to prevent suicidal behaviours and reduce morbidity and mortality.
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9

Paquette, Romain. "Une cité planifiée et une cité spontanée (Fort-de-France, Martinique)." Cahiers de géographie du Québec 13, no. 29 (April 12, 2005): 169–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/020862ar.

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L'auteur fait une étude comparative de deux quartiers résidentiels de Fort-de-France, ville « primate » de la Martinique. L'un présente plusieurs caractères des Habitations à Loyer Modique (HLM) françaises ; son inspiration et son financement proviennent de l'extérieur du pays. L'autre résulte d'un ajustement spontané de la population qui a su profiter d'une ambiguïté dans la répartition des pouvoirs administratifs entre l'Etat et la Commune ; son inspiration et son financement relèvent directement du dynamisme interne de sa population. La cité spontanée ébranle les conceptions d'un certain urbanisme de prestige qui, en invoquant des critères élaborés dans les pays riches, y voit une forme de bidonville respectable ; mais elle reflète davantage les goûts et la situation économique de ses habitants qui ainsi ont créé leur propre milieu urbain à un rythme plus sécurisant.
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10

Pierre-Louis, Olivier, Jacqueline Véronique Baudin, Clarisse Contaret Joachim, Yerro Marie-Nadiège, Molcard Sabine, Jean-Francois Schved, and Serge Pierre-Louis. "Haemophilia Care in Martinique: From 1982 to 2015." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 4710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.4710.4710.

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Abstract Introduction: Hemophilia A (HA) and B (HB) are the most common congenital bleeding disorders, characterised by missing clotting factor VIII (FVIII) for HA or factor IX (FIX) for HB, associated with specific mutations for the corresponding genes. This is the first article to focus on a localised specific hemophiliac population in the French West Indies. Methods: Clinical, biological, genetic and socio-demographic data were collected at the Martinique Regional Centre for the Treatment of Hemophilia. Results: Nowadays patients with hemophilia and von Willebrand diseases can benefit from clinical and paramedical care comparable to what prevails in mainland France. 130 hemophilia patients were diagnosed in Martinique. This study provides the first global report on epidemiological characteristics of hemophilia in Martinique. Hemophilia treatment center was established in 2000, implementation of care services, number and diagnoses of hemophilia patients, frequency of complications such as inhibitors, HIV and hepatitis C infection, and underlying genetic mutations are described. Conclusion : These original data support that the French West Indies island of Martinique has the highest rate of HA and HB in the world compared to other countries. The establishment of a treatment center now provides standard of care to this population and may be a model for similar approaches in other French overseas regions. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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11

Remisse, S., O. Troigros, P. Olive, J. L. Barnay, B. Rozé, S. Pierre-François, A. Cabié, E. Javelle, and P. René-Corail. "Bladder dysfunction in chikungunya: Experience of the academic hospital of Fort de France in Martinique (France)." Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 58 (September 2015): e123-e124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2015.07.297.

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12

Miles, William. "FROM CÉSAIRE TO "SARKO": GENERATIONAL AND IDEOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS IN MARTINIQUE AND FRANCE." Contemporary French Civilization 34, no. 1 (January 2010): 173–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/cfc.2010.8.

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13

Hublin, Anne. "La coupe urbaine analytique. Application aux faubourgs de Fort-de-France (Martinique)." L'information géographique 68, no. 3 (2004): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ingeo.2004.2954.

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14

Price, Richard, and Sally Price. "Migan." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 68, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1994): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002663.

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[First paragraph]Our friend Charlemagne (a.k.a. Émilien), who lives down the road and considers himself a breadfruit connoisseur, says that there's only one other tree in southern Martinique whose fruit compares with ours. From our back porch, during the tree's several flowerings each year, we can reach out and piek low-growing fruit by hand, or with a knife-and-pole contraption cut down a milk-flecked orb from higher up in the broad green leaves. This particular tree may even be descended from the oldest breadfruit in the Caribbean, for Martinique was already blessed with trees, transported from "L'ïle-de-France" (Mauritius), by the time Captain Bligh made his 1791-93 voyage from Polynesia, "bringing breadfruit from what was seen to be a Tree of Life in the islands of Paradise ... the very symbol of a free and unencumbered life ... to feed slaves, the living dead of the Caribbean"(Dening 1992:4, 11).
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15

Gagnepain-Beyneix, J., J. C. Lépine, A. Nercessian, and A. Hirn. "Experimental study of site effects in the Fort-de-France area (Martinique island)." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 85, no. 2 (April 1, 1995): 478–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa0850020478.

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Abstract We used weak-motion recordings of regional events to quantify the site effects in the Fort-de-France (Martinique) area in the frequency band 1 to 25 Hz. The studied area extends over three distinct geological units: the Morne-Pitault volcanic massif (15 to 11 M.A.), the Carbet volcanic massif (4 to 2 M.A.), and the Lamentin alluvial plain (quaternary age). The topography being complex, 31 sites were selected in order to get a representative sampling of the various topographical and geological configurations. The large number of studied sites also allowed us to define a reference site whose selection was not obvious. Large broadband amplifications are observed in the Lamentin plain instead of the expected peak resonances. More surprising, such resonance is observed around 2 to 3 Hz on several sites of the volcanic Vauclain-Pitault chain, though no sedimentary layer is present. On the other hand, in the inner Fort-de-France where significant effects were expected because of the very complex topography, no large amplication is observed except for at one site. Clear three-dimensional (3D) effects are also observed at some stations. Though not very well documented, the low-frequency behavior deduced from teleseismic observations seems rather different, illustrating the difficulty in finding a convenient reference site in such a volcanic area.
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Regis, Helen A. "Ships on the Wall: Retracing African Trade Routes from Marseille, France." Genealogy 5, no. 2 (March 25, 2021): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy5020027.

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With this essay on decolonizing ways of knowing, I seek to understand the phantom histories of my father’s French family. Filling in silences in written family accounts with scholarship on Marseille’s maritime commerce, African history, African Diaspora studies, and my own archival research, I seek to reconnect European, African, and Caribbean threads of my family story. Travelling from New Orleans to Marseille, Zanzibar, Ouidah, Porto-Novo, Martinique and Guadeloupe, this research at the intersections of personal and collective heritage links critical genealogies to colonial processes that structured the Atlantic world. Through an exploration of family documents, literature, and art, I travel the trade routes of la Maison Régis.
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17

Péroche, M., F. Leone, and R. Gutton. "An accessibility graph-based model to optimize tsunami evacuation sites and routes in Martinique, France." Advances in Geosciences 38 (January 23, 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-38-1-2014.

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Abstract. The risk of tsunami threatens the whole Caribbean coastline especially the Lesser Antilles. The first available models of tsunami propagation estimate that the travel time from the closest seismic sources would only take few minutes to impact the Martinique Island. Considering this threat, the most effective measure is a planned and organized evacuation of the coastal population. This requires an efficient regional warning system, estimation of the maximum expected tsunami flood height, preparation of the population to evacuate, and drawing up of local and regional emergency plans. In order to produce an efficient evacuation plan, we have to assess the number of people at risk, the potential evacuation routes, the safe areas and the available time to evacuate. However, this essential information is still lacking in the French West Indies emergency plans. This paper proposes a model of tsunami evacuation sites accessibility for Martinique directly addressed to decision makers. It is based on a population database at a local scale, the development of connected graphs of roads, the identification of potential safe areas and the velocity setting for pedestrians. Evacuation routes are calculated using the Dijkstra's algorithm which gives the shortest path between areas at risk and designated evacuation sites. The first results allow us to map the theoretical times and routes to keep the exposed population safe and to compare these results with a tsunami travel time scenario.
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Obry-Musset, Anne-Marie, Pierre-Michel Cahen, Jean-Christophe Turlot, Beatrice Baker, and Robert M. Frank. "Dental caries and oral hygiene among 12-year-old children in Martinique, France." Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 19, no. 1 (February 1991): 54–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00107.x.

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Mille, Gilbert, Michel Guiliano, Laurence Asia, Laure Malleret, and Noor Jalaluddin. "Sources of hydrocarbons in sediments of the Bay of Fort de France (Martinique)." Chemosphere 64, no. 7 (August 2006): 1062–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.12.001.

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Lanthier, Aude. "La famille martiniquaise à l’épreuve des migrations de retour : nouvelles pratiques de mobilité transatlantique et dynamiques transnationales." Diversité urbaine 12, no. 2 (February 21, 2014): 113–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1022853ar.

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On assiste de nos jours à de nouvelles pratiques de mobilité entre l’Île-de-France et son département ultramarin, la Martinique, dont les migrations de retour font partie intégrante. Si circuler entre la métropole et l’archipel est aujourd’hui de l’ordre du quotidien, on constate pourtant une certaine irritation à l’égard des migrants de retour. En effet, une étude ethnographique a permis de révéler que ceux-ci témoignent de plusieurs obstacles à l’heure de réintégrer leur terre d’origine. Le présent article s’attardera plus spécifiquement aux bouleversements des rapports familiaux engendrés par les phénomènes de retour au pays natal et aux nouvelles dynamiques d’hypermobilité circulatoire entre la France et son ex-colonie, dynamiques qui confèrent à ces familles réparties de part et d’autre de l’Atlantique des allures de familles dites « transnationales ».
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Edouard, André, Sophie Edouard, Nicole Desbois, Yves Plumelle, Cristel Rat, Danièle Calès-Quist, Jeannine Jouannelle, Frédéric Lombard, and Henri François. "Évolution de la prévalence des parasitoses digestives au CHU de Fort-de-France (Martinique)." La Presse Médicale 33, no. 11 (June 2004): 707–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0755-4982(04)98725-8.

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Dauvilliers, Yves, Marcel Bazin, Basile Ondzé, Odile Bera, Maryse Bazin, Alain Besset, and Michel Billiard. "Severity of Narcolepsy Among French of Different Ethnic Origins (South of France and Martinique)." Sleep 25, no. 1 (January 2002): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/25.1.50.

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Jennings, Eric. "Last Exit from Vichy France: The Martinique Escape Route and the Ambiguities of Emigration." Journal of Modern History 74, no. 2 (June 2002): 289–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/343409.

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Lambert, J., and M. Terrier. "Historical tsunami database for France and its overseas territories." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 11, no. 4 (April 5, 2011): 1037–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-11-1037-2011.

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Abstract. A search and analysis of a large number of historical documents has made it possible: (i) to discover so-far unknown tsunamis that have hit the French coasts during the last centuries, and (ii) conversely, to disprove the tsunami nature of several events referred to in recent catalogues. This information has been structured into a database and also made available as a website (http://www.tsunamis.fr) that is accessible in French, English and Spanish. So far 60 genuine ("true") tsunamis have been described (with their dates, causes, oceans/seas, places observed, number of waves, flood and ebb distances, run-up, and intensities) and referenced against contemporary sources. Digitized documents are accessible online. In addition, so as to avoid confusion, tsunamis revealed as "false" or "doubtful" have been compiled into a second catalogue. Both the database and the website are updated annually corresponding to the state of knowledge, so as to take into account newly discovered historical references and the occurrence of new tsunamis on the coasts of France and many of its overseas territories: Guadeloupe, Martinique, French Guiana, New Caledonia, Réunion, and Mayotte.
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Lok, Anne, jean-Come Meniane, Clarisse Joachim, Jacqueline Baudin, Jonathan Macni, Jean-Pierre Marolleau, Nicolas Blin, and Philippe Moreau. "Myeloma in Martinique; Characteristics and Overall Survival." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 5772. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.5772.5772.

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Abstract Introduction African Americans (AA) are twice as likely to be diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM) as Caucasian Americans (CA). Differences in overall survival have also been shown between those two populations with no consistent explanation with regard to social status or genetic profile given by gene expression profiling. In Martinique, where most of the population has African or French Caribbean ethnic origin with similar increased incidence in MM, we lack data about disease characteristics and survival as compared to French Caucasian patients. Material and methods The aim of this single center retrospective study was to evaluate characteristics, progression free and overall survival of this population. We analyzed 54 MM elderly patients consecutively treated in Fort de France Hematology department from March 2007 to March 2012. All patients received first line treatment with melphalan 0.2 mg/kg/d, prednisone 2 mg/kg/d and thalidomide 400 mg/d every 6 weeks according to French IFM guidelines. Disease characteristics and survival data were analyzed and compared to French Caucasian elderly MM patients included in first line IFM published trials. Results Population had a median age of 80 years (66 to 93). Concerning prognostic markers, International Scoring System (ISS) was of 3 (high) in 52% of patients and cytogenetic analysis showed rearrangements with translocation 14q32 in 22% with 7% of t(4;14). When considering deletion 13q, it was found in 41% and deletion 17p in 6%. With a median follow up of 35 months, survival features showed median overall survival (OS) of 48.6 months and progression free survival (PFS) of 28.9 months. Discussion Compared to French Caucasian patients, our series showed that Martinique’s population was older and presented more aggressive disease based on ISS. Moreover, almost half patients presented with MDRD clearance lower than 60ml/min which conferred higher B2m and worse prognosis. We also confirmed results recently published by Weiss and all who described lower rate of IgH translocation in African American population with MM. Despite higher median age and ISS, median overall survival of our population was unexpectedly similar to French published studies with IFM 99 06 trial showing median OS and PFS in MPT arm of 51.6 and 27.5 months respectively. In IFM 01/01 trial where patients were aged more than 75 with lower doses of melphalan and thalidomide, survival data showed median OS of 44 months and median PFS of 24.1 months. In meta analysis published by European Myeloma Network, median OS was even lower with 39.3 months. Our data tend to show that French Caribbean patients with first line MM treated in Martinique appear to have similar overall survival as compared to French Caucasian patients despite higher median age and more adverse prognostic features which has not been reported so far. We plan to confirm those data with new analysis with longer median follow up and extensive clinical and biological disease characteristics evaluation. Disclosures Moreau: celgene: Consultancy.
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Justine, Jean-Lou, Leigh Winsor, Delphine Gey, Pierre Gros, and Jessica Thévenot. "Giant worms chez moi! Hammerhead flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae, Bipalium spp., Diversibipalium spp.) in metropolitan France and overseas French territories." PeerJ 6 (May 22, 2018): e4672. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4672.

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Background Species of the genera Bipalium and Diversibipalium, or bipaliines, are giants among land planarians (family Geoplanidae), reaching length of 1 m; they are also easily distinguished from other land flatworms by the characteristic hammer shape of their head. Bipaliines, which have their origin in warm parts of Asia, are invasive species, now widespread worldwide. However, the scientific literature is very scarce about the widespread repartition of these species, and their invasion in European countries has not been studied. Methods In this paper, on the basis of a four year survey based on citizen science, which yielded observations from 1999 to 2017 and a total of 111 records, we provide information about the five species present in Metropolitan France and French overseas territories. We also investigated the molecular variability of cytochrome-oxidase 1 (COI) sequences of specimens. Results Three species are reported from Metropolitan France: Bipalium kewense, Diversibipalium multilineatum, and an unnamed Diversibipalium ‘black’ species. We also report the presence of B. kewense from overseas territories, such as French Polynesia (Oceania), French Guiana (South America), the Caribbean French islands of Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy, and Montserrat (Central America), and La Réunion island (off South-East Africa). For B. vagum, observations include French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin, Montserrat, La Réunion, and Florida (USA). A probable new species, Diversibipalium sp. ‘blue,’ is reported from Mayotte Island (off South–East Africa). B. kewense, B. vagum and D. multilineatum each showed 0% variability in their COI sequences, whatever their origin, suggesting that the specimens are clonal, and that sexual reproduction is probably absent. COI barcoding was efficient in identifying species, with differences over 10% between species; this suggests that barcoding can be used in the future for identifying these invasive species. In Metropolitan south–west France, a small area located in the Department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques was found to be a hot-spot of bipaliine biodiversity and abundance for more than 20 years, probably because of the local mild weather. Discussion The present findings strongly suggest that the species present in Metropolitan France and overseas territories should be considered invasive alien species. Our numerous records in the open in Metropolitan France raise questions: as scientists, we were amazed that these long and brightly coloured worms could escape the attention of scientists and authorities in a European developed country for such a long time; improved awareness about land planarians is certainly necessary.
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Cabie, A., J. Jouannelle, and C. Saintaime. "Beta-lactamase a spectre elargi (CTX-1) chez Salmonella panama a Fort-de-France (martinique)." Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses 19, no. 8-9 (August 1989): 418–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0399-077x(89)80233-1.

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Ollivier, Patrick, Stéphane Touzelet, Sébastien Bristeau, and Christophe Mouvet. "Transport of chlordecone and two of its derivatives through a saturated nitisol column (Martinique, France)." Science of The Total Environment 704 (February 2020): 135348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135348.

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Valdman, Albert. "Jean Bernabé, La graphie créole. Martinique: Ibis Rouge Editions, 2001. Pp. 142. Pb. €15.00." Language in Society 32, no. 1 (December 24, 2002): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404503291053.

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A signal event in the history of language policy in France was the recognition in 2000 of French-lexifier creoles as languages that students in secondary schools could select as subject matter. This decision by the ministry of education placed these languages on an equal footing with the heretofore officially recognized regional languages, such as Breton or Corsican. For these languages to be taught in French secondary schools, teachers needed to be certified by an examination, the CAPES (Certificat d'Aptitude au Professorat de l'Enseignement Secondaire). This book by the leading creolist of the French Antilles is part of a series of handbooks for prospective candidates for that diploma.
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Hintjens, Helen M. "What is Freedom? Competing Notions of Rights & Responsibilities in the French Caribbean." Itinerario 25, no. 2 (July 2001): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300008809.

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According to Frantz Fanon, decolonisation starts out as ‘a programme of complete disorder’. This idea is interestingly echoed in the Creole expression ‘ce on dezod ka me lod’, which translated means that through chaos comes order. In 1998–1999 Martinique lost 23,000 working days; strikers blockaded the ports of Pointe à Pitre in Guadeloupe and Fort de France in Martinique for several weeks at a time in 1998. Trade unions have built up membership levels of eighty to ninety per cent in hotels and in public administration. In this article we will be examining some of the consequences and causes of new forms of socio-economic action and political protest that have emerged in the French Caribbean since the end of the Cold War. For a long time, the French Caribbean was a haven of relative calm and prosperity in the Caribbean. The Dutch Antilles and Aruba and the British dependent territories (now renamed UK Overseas Territories) have also generally shared this good fortune. Today the relative prosperity of the non-sovereign territories is becoming more marked as independent Caribbean states slip into economic recession and growing poverty, so that their political systems and leaders face an endemic crisis of political legitimacy.
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shafto, sally. "Luc Moullet's Food Lessons: Origins of a Meal." Gastronomica 10, no. 3 (2010): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2010.10.3.93.

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Over the past decade numerous important films have documented the production of what we eat and drink, often with the filmmaker taking a lead role as investigative reporter. French filmmaker Luc Moullet's Genèèse d'un repas (Origins of a Meal, 1980), was on the vanguard thirty years ago of this current wave of food-focused documentaries. Origins of a Meal is a comparative documentary on the handling and processing of various foods (eggs, bananas, and tuna) in three different countries: France, Ecuador, and Senegal. Moullet uncovers certain prejudices among his compatriots: in the late 70s, the French preferred bananas from Martinique and Guadaloupe, which are French overseas territories, to those from Ecuador. He also documents differences in wages and working conditions and dispels the myth that the cost of living is necessarily cheaper in Senegal or Ecuador than in France. Ultimately, Origins of a Meal is a film àà charge against Western capitalism, specifically in its French and American manifestations.
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Zonzon, Fabienne. "La place de l’oral dans les archives de la France d’Outre-mer : l’exemple de la Martinique." La Gazette des archives 211, no. 3 (2008): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/gazar.2008.4488.

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Buteux, Arnaud, Mathieu Nacher, Célia Merat, Duc Nguyen, Benoit Roze, André Cabié, and Claude Olive. "Risk Factors for Nontyphi Salmonella Bacteremia Over 10 Years in Fort-de-France, Martinique, West Indies." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 102, no. 1 (January 8, 2020): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.16-0840.

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PUJOS, Michel, Jean-Claude PONS, and Mario PARRA. "Évolution des métaux lourds dans la sédimentation récente de la baie de Fort-de-France (Martinique)." Oceanologica Acta 23, no. 6 (November 2000): 701–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0399-1784(00)00113-4.

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35

Richard, D., C. Boyer, S. Javegny, K. Boyer, P. Grygiel, O. Pruvost, A. L. Rioualec, et al. "First Report of Xanthomonas citri pv. citri Pathotype A Causing Asiatic Citrus Canker in Martinique, France." Plant Disease 100, no. 9 (September 2016): 1946. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-16-0170-pdn.

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36

Dulin, Floriane, Jean-Marie Marteau, Jean-Christophe Fricain, and Mathilde Fénelon. "Dental implant practice in French West Indies and French Guyana: a cross-sectional study among dental practitioners." Journal of Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery 24, no. 4 (December 2018): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mbcb/2018008.

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Background: In 2016, 459 dentists were registered in French West Indies and French Guyana. They represent 10% of French clinicians but they work in an environment very different from continental France. The aim of this study was to describe dental implantology practices among dentists in Guadeloupe, Martinique, and French Guyana. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study, with questionnaires sent by email, was conducted from November 2016 to January 2017. Results: 116 practitioners answered. Respondents were all general practitioners, except two dentists who practiced only surgical procedures (not specialists). Implant surgeries were provided by 50% respondents and soft-tissue or hard-tissue grafting were provided by 34.5% of the sample. Prosthodontic procedures were carried out by 62.9% respondents. At last, 34.5% of the sample were not involved in implant services. Discussion: The proportion of dentists who performed implant procedures was similar to that reported in other international studies and French survey. The percentage of dentists not involved in implant dentistry still significant and the most frequently reported barriers were the expense of treatment, patient's difficulties to afford the treatment and the lack of knowledge. Conclusion: The practice of implant dentistry is widespread in French West Indies and French Guyana. Dental implant use was not different between clinicians of Guadeloupe, Martinique, and French Guyana. The number of dentists who received local implant training was lower in French Guyana.
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Dial, Andrew. "Antoine Lavalette, Slave Murderer: A Forgotten Scandal of the French West Indies." Journal of Jesuit Studies 8, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 37–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-0801p003.

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Abstract The name Antoine Lavalette (1708–67) is infamous within the Society of Jesus. The superior of the Martinique mission in the mid-eighteenth century, he is known for triggering the 1764 expulsion from France. Less known is his torture to death of four enslaved men and women. The visitor sent to investigate Lavalette’s commercial activities, Jean-François de la Marche (1700–62), discovered these murders and reported them to Rome. This paper analyzes La Marche’s account of the atrocities within their Caribbean context. It demonstrates that Lavalette’s killings were within the established norms of the planter class. It further argues that his actions were part of the Society’s attempts to reconcile its religious calling with the gruesome realities of plantation slavery.
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TERRY, OSAWARU AIGBEOVBIOSA. "THE BURDEN OF HISTORY AND THE ANTILLEAN’S QUEST FOR HIS DISTINCTIVE IDENTITY." Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 1, no. 4 (April 30, 2021): 13–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.47760/cognizance.2021.v01i04.002.

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One of the greatest burdens to bear is that of an unfavourable history. Its weight has a great deal of undertones that turn the existence of the persons involved into a psychologically distorted one. On this question of the burden of history, a collective approach has more far reaching psychological consequences for its bearers than that with an individualistic dimension. The former captures the reality of the Antillean people of Guadeloupe and Martinique, two overseas Departments of France. Our objective in this paper therefore is to painstakingly examine the Antillean‟s history, existence and space with a view to rationalizing the reactionary and innovative mentality amongst the Antillean people who seem to be racing against time in the search for their true identity, qualities and future projections.
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Dorocki, Sławomir, and Paweł Brzegowy. "Regionalne zróżnicowanie kształcenia we Francji w aspekcie rozwoju przedsiębiorczości departamentów zamorskich." Przedsiębiorczość - Edukacja 8 (January 1, 2012): 229–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20833296.8.18.

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Regional policy concerning territorial development of the country, while reducing disparities in regional development in France has existed for nearly half a century. It beginnings reach 1963 when DATAR – an institution coordinating regional development of France was established (Délégation à l'aménagement du territoire et à l'action régionale). Additionally, European institutions have started to work, particularly from the 90s of the 20th century, on implementing the cohesion policy at the regional levels. Regional policy covers the entire territory of the Republic of France, including its former colonial territories of DOM: French overseas departments (départements d'outre-mer). DOM includes: Guadeloupe, French Guyana, Martinique and Reunion. These regions despite undertaken actions aiming at their economic development are still struggling with various issues. The most significant are the natural and historical constrains, economic dependence on France and the EU financial assistance, supremacy of agriculture, tourism and housing, unemployment and poverty of society and finally the social problems associated with multiculturalism. Actions undertaken by national and regional authorities are predominantly focused on developing the infrastructure and stimulating business development through knowledge transfer and investments in human capital. Recognizing the fact that investing in human is the most essential factor in the growth and socio-economic progress, the aim of this paper is to analyze regional differences in educational level and structure of the population of overseas and mainland France as well as its changes since the 90s basing on statistical data. The second part presents the regional comparison of the selected indicators of human capital development in the French economy with selected data showing the quantitative changes in the education of France.
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Joseph-Gabriel, Annette. "René Ménil’s Myths of Origin and Labor Activism in the French Antilles." CLR James Journal 26, no. 1 (2020): 133–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/clrjames202112774.

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Between January and February 2009, the longest general strike in French history took place in Guadeloupe and Martinique. The labor movement had far reaching implications for the relationship between France and its overseas departments. In particular, they brought to the fore France’s colonial history in the Antilles, with attendant questions of race, citizenship and sovereignty that highlighted once again the cracks in the image of Antilleans as full French citizens. René Ménil’s essays provide a unique lens through which to read the philosophical underpinnings of the 2009 labor movements in the Antilles. Ménil’s articulation of “a non-mythological elsewhere” posits a three-fold process of excavating history in order to articulate a myth of origin that in turn allows for the possibility of reclaiming a non-colonized identity.
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Freitas, A. R. R., P. M. Alarcón-Elbal, and M. R. Donalisio. "Excess mortality in Guadeloupe and Martinique, islands of the French West Indies, during the chikungunya epidemic of 2014." Epidemiology and Infection 146, no. 16 (August 28, 2018): 2059–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268818002315.

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AbstractIn some chikungunya epidemics, deaths are not completely captured by traditional surveillance systems, which record case and death reports. We evaluated excess deaths associated with the 2014 chikungunya virus (CHIKV) epidemic in Guadeloupe and Martinique, Antilles. Population (784 097 inhabitants) and mortality data, estimated by sex and age, were accessed from the Institut National de la Statistique et des Études Économiques in France. Epidemiological data, cases, hospitalisations and deaths on CHIKV were obtained from the official epidemiological reports of the Cellule de Institut de Veille Sanitaire in France. Excess deaths were calculated as the difference between the expected and observed deaths for all age groups for each month in 2014 and 2015, considering the upper limit of 99% confidence interval. The Pearson correlation coefficient showed a strong correlation between monthly excess deaths and reported cases of chikungunya (R= 0.81,p< 0.005) and with a 1-month lag (R= 0.87,p< 0.001); and a strong correlation was also observed between monthly rates of hospitalisation for CHIKV and excess deaths with a delay of 1 month (R= 0.87,p< 0.0005). The peak of the epidemic occurred in the month with the highest mortality, returning to normal soon after the end of the CHIKV epidemic. There were excess deaths in almost all age groups, and excess mortality rate was higher among the elderly but was similar between male and female individuals. The overall mortality estimated in the current study (639 deaths) was about four times greater than that obtained through death declarations (160 deaths). Although the aetiological diagnosis of all deaths associated with CHIKV infection is not always possible, already well-known statistical tools can contribute to the evaluation of the impact of CHIKV on mortality and morbidity in the different age groups.
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42

Réno, Fred. "Re-sourcing Dependency: Decolonisation and Post-colonialism in French Overseas Departments." Itinerario 25, no. 2 (July 2001): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300008792.

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When speaking of decolonisation and post-colonialism, it is essential to avoid the generalising approach which sometimes leads to a distortion of the real. Decolonisation is generally seen as accession to sovereignty. For the elites and the populations of the French Overseas Dependencies it represents a reforming of the bond with France. It is a conversion of what was political subordination into dependence on social and economic resources. This conversion is a rational process based on the following idea: Independence would be costly compared to the advantages of dependence. In other words, Guadeloupe, Guyane and Martinique would be decolonized without becoming independent. Therefore, the transition from the status of colony to that of ‘departement’ is not a legal contrivance. Even if local populations did not choose their political status through the electoral process, they did vote for the parties which were in favour of French citizenship.
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43

Galap, Jean. "Réflexions préliminaires à des actions politiques et sociales en faveur des enfants de l’immigration antillaise." IV. Les pratiques de l’intervenant social : modèles d’intervention, no. 14 (January 14, 2016): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1034519ar.

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Sans vouloir être démobilisateur, l’auteur vise à attirer l’attention sur les conséquences sociales et idéologiques d’un culturalisme à tout crin. Cette réflexion découle de plus de 10 années de recherche et d’écoute de communautés vivant en France et constituées de migrants originaires de la Guadeloupe et de la Martinique, descendance comprise. Dans un développement sur trois axes, l’auteur fait la démonstration qu’une idéologie culturalisante porte en elle l’intolérance, l’exclusion et même le racisme : En définitive, l’article répond à la question suivante : « Dans quelle mesure, l’enfant de migrant ne serait-il pas porteur d’un devenir autre que celui du pays d’origine et que celui du pays d’accueil ? » En réponse, l’auteur conclut qu’une culture qui peut s’affirmer devient plus tolérante car plus sûre d’elle-même; c’est ce qui permet aux enfants de migrants de recevoir une double culture moins inégalitaire d’où ils pourront tirer leur propre synthèse.
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44

Imbert, Daniel, and Serge Menard. "Structure de la Vegetation et Production Primaire dans la Mangrove de la Baie de Fort-de-France, Martinique (F.W.I.)." Biotropica 29, no. 4 (December 1997): 413–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.1997.tb00036.x.

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Caïlachon, Jack. "L’immigration indienne en Guadeloupe et dans la Caraïbe Française. La même… et une autre qu’à Trinidad ! 1848[1853-1889]1923." Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire de la Guadeloupe, no. 179 (November 1, 2018): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1053503ar.

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Comme Trinidad, la Guadeloupe, la Guyane et la Martinique ont en partage – avec quelques autres territoires voisins – l’expérience d’une immigration indienne au XIX ème siècle qui, dans des proportions très variables, a un peu reconfiguré leurs sociétés créoles telles qu’elles se donnent à voir au début du XXI ème . L’empreinte ainsi laissée par cette séquence historique est incomparablement plus puissante à Trinidad que dans la Caraïbe française où elle est davantage de l’ordre du filigrane, mais dont les traits s’accentuent progressivement grâce à un militantisme culturel amorcé à partir des années 1960 par des guadeloupéens, martiniquais et guyanais d’ascendance indienne, ou métissée indienne. La conférence d’aujourd’hui à l’Alliance Française de Port- d’Espagne, à Trinidad & Tobago, s’articulera autour de deux grands axes : le premier touchant à l’histoire de cette immigration du XIX ème siècle dans les colonies de la France dans la Caraïbe ; le second portant un regard socioculturel sur le reflet indien des sociétés créoles de la Caraïbe française d’aujourd’hui.
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46

BÉRARD, STÉPHANIE. "From the Greek Stage to the Martinican Shores: A Caribbean Antigone." Theatre Research International 33, no. 1 (March 2008): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883307003380.

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In his first play, Une Manière d'Antigone (1975), Patrick Chamoiseau brings together Greek mythology and the history of Martinique. This article compares this version with the Sophoclean version, considering the transformations made by the Martinican playwright in terms of time and space, plot, characters and language so as to determine how different or similar the Caribbean Antigone is from her Greek sister. By adapting a famous Greek myth on the Antillean stage, Chamoiseau realizes a literary transposition while reaffirming his strong political opposition towards France. This play inscribes itself in the vast movement of subversion and contestation of the classic literary tradition by postcolonial writers who create their own literature based on the adaptation of Western classics. Chamoiseau's rewriting of the Antigone myth allows for a reappropriation and a revalorization of a forgotten history. Additionally, it presents an assertion of resistance and a plea for emancipation from both literary and political domination.
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McCusker, Maeve. "The ‘Unhomely’ White Women of Antillean Writing." Paragraph 37, no. 2 (July 2014): 273–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/para.2014.0126.

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While the field known as ‘Whiteness Studies’ has been thriving in Anglophone criticism and theory for over 25 years, it is almost unknown in France. This is partly due to epistemological and political differences, but also to demographic factors — in contrast with the post-plantation culture of the US, for example, whites in Martinique and Guadeloupe are a tiny minority of small island populations. Yet ‘whiteness’ remains a phantasized and a fetishized state in the Antillean imaginary, and is strongly inflected by gender. This article sketches the emergence of ‘white’ femininity during slavery, then examines its representation in the work of a number of major Antillean writers (Condé, Placoly, Confiant, Chamoiseau). In their work, a cluster of recurring images and leitmotifs convey the idealization or, more commonly, the pathologization, of the white woman; these images resonate strongly with Bhabha's ‘unhomely’, and convey the disturbing imbrication of sex and race in Antillean history.
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Resiere, Dabor, Hatem Kallel, Odile Oxybel, Cyrille Chabartier, Jonathan Florentin, Yannick Brouste, Papa Gueye, Bruno Megarbane, and Hossein Mehdaoui. "Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Severe Acute Adult Poisoning Cases in Martinique: Implicated Toxic Exposures and Their Outcomes." Toxics 8, no. 2 (April 9, 2020): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics8020028.

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The epidemiology of severe acute poisonings in the French overseas departments of the Americas remains poorly reported. The main objective of this study was to determine the epidemiology and characteristics of severe acutely poisoned adult patients. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2010 in severely poisoned patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) of the University Hospital of Martinique, and the general public hospitals of Lamentin and Trinité. Results: During the study period, 291 patients were admitted for severe poisoning, giving an incidence rate of 7.7 severe cases/100,000 inhabitants. The mean age was 46 ± 19 years and 166 (57%) were male. Psychiatric disorders were recorded in 143 (49.8%) patients. Simplified Acute Psychological Score (SAPS II) at admission was 39 ± 23 points and Poisoning Severity Score (PSS) was 2.7 ± 0.8 points. Death was recorded in 30 (10.3%) patients and hospital length of stay was 6 ± 7 days. The mode of intoxication was intentional self-poisoning in 87% of cases and drug overdose was recorded in 13% of cases. The toxic agent involved was a therapeutic drug in 58% and a chemical product in 52% of cases. The predominant clinical manifestations were respiratory failure (59%), hemodynamic failure (27%), neurologic failure (45%), gastrointestinal manifestations (27%), and renal failure (11%). Polypnea, shock, ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia, and gastro-intestinal disorders were the main symptoms associated with death. The main biological abnormalities associated with death in our patients were metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia, hyperlactatemia, hypocalcemia, renal injury, rhabdomyolysis, increased aspartate aminotransferases, and thrombocytopenia. Extracorporal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was used in three patients and specific antidotes were used in 21% of patients. Conclusions: Acute poisonings remain a major public health problem in Martinique with different epidemiological characteristics to those in mainland France, with a high incidence of poisoning by rural and household toxins.
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Hénocq, Christophe, Michel Pujos, Jean-Claude Pons, and Gilles Serge Odin. "Sédimentologie du plateau insulaire nord-est de la Martinique : impact du volcanisme en région récifale ; comparaison avec la baie de Fort-de-France / The Northeastern insular shelf of Martinique : sedimentology and volcanism impact in a reefal region, a comparison with Fort-de-France bay." Sciences Géologiques. Bulletin 43, no. 1 (1990): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/sgeol.1990.1842.

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50

Daugrois, J. H., I. Jean-Baptiste, B. E. L. Lockhart, M. S. Irey, M. Chatenet, and P. Rott. "First Report of Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Virus in the French West Indies." Plant Disease 83, no. 6 (June 1999): 588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1999.83.6.588c.

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Unusually severe leaf yellowing symptoms, similar to those described for yellow leaf syndrome (1), have been observed in several sugarcane clones in Guadeloupe since 1994, and since 1997 in Martinique. Leaf samples exhibiting various types of yellowing were taken from five different sugarcane clones, and analyzed by immunosorbent electron microscopy. Spherical particles, 24 to 28 nm in diameter and characteristic of luteoviruses, were found in two of five samples. The two infected samples showed yellowing on the underside of the midrib and one had a pinkish coloration on the upper side. The presence of sugarcane yellow leaf virus (ScYLV), the causal agent of sugarcane yellow leaf disease, was confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (2) in these two samples and in 36 of 184 sugarcane clones bred in Guadeloupe and sent to Cirad's quarantine station in Montpellier, France. Following these observations, surveys were undertaken with a tissue blot enzyme immunoassay to analyze the distribution of ScYLV in sugarcane clones in the French West Indies. The midrib base of the first visible dewlap leaf was used to detect the presence of the virus in the phloem. In a first survey, clones of various origins worldwide were taken from germplasm collections. Two to three leaf samples per clone were analyzed from 78 clones in a collection in Guadeloupe and from 36 in a collection in Mar-tinique. Fifty of the 114 clones were infected by ScYLV, and ScYLV was detected in 21 of the 32 clones exhibiting severe leaf yellowing (score 3 or higher on a 1 to 5 scale). In a second survey, 19 leaf samples were taken from each of 53 clones from plants produced by Cirad's breeding program in Guadeloupe. The virus was detected in at least one sample for 25 of these 53 clones. ScYLV incidence in commercial fields was tested in Martinique in the variety B5992, which constitutes 57% of the cultivated area. Twenty leaves from different stools were sampled in six different fields, five of which had ScYLV-infected plants. The percentage of virus-infected stalks ranged from 0 to 90% whereas the percentage of stalks showing symptoms ranged from 50 to 100%. ScYLV appears widespread in the French West Indies, perhaps because a vector (Melanaphis sacchari) exists in Martinique and Guadeloupe. However, ScYLV was not found in all symptomatic plants, indicating that even if this luteovirus is a causal agent of leaf yellowing in the French West Indies, there may be other causal agents as well. References: (1) J. C. Comstock et al. Sugar J. 3:33, 1994. (2) J. C. Comstock et al. Sugar Cane 4:21, 1998.
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