Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'France – Relations extérieures – 16e siècle'
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Bensdira, Mostafa. "L'Orient à travers l'édition lyonnaise au XVIe siècle." Lyon 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO3A007.
Full textPoumarède, Géraud. "Venise, la france et le Levant (vers 1520-vers 1720)." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040241.
Full textThis thesis deals with the relations between Western powers and the Ottoman empire during the first centuries of the Early Modern period (16th-17th centuries), notably with the examples of Venice and France. It is organizes around three poles which correspond to three possible levels of understanding and interpretation. The first question examined is that of the perception of the Turkish menace to European coasts and the responses that were brought to bear upon it, underlining the decline of the idea of Crusade and the common-place nature of war against the Turks. Secondly, the study sheds light on the diplomatic relations which united Venice and France with the Sultan's Gate, thus emphasizing the importance that Venice attached to problems of war and peace and showing, in contrast, that these links built by France were undertaken to construct a durable reverse alliance against the Habsburg Empire. The third part of this research evokes French and Venitian networks in the Eastern Mediterranean. The complex architecture of Venitian presence which organized the territorial possessions of the Stato da Mar, its consular implantations in the Ottoman Empire and the residence of an ambassador or "bayle" in Constantinople should be compared o the more flexible structures adopted by the French in the form of a web of consulates ever more numerous and ever more subjected to royal authority. Thus may be explained the decline of the former and revealed the dynamics quality of the second. Putting in perspective these two parallel histories leads to a final series of reflections on the rivalries that opposed Western powers in the Eastern Mediterranean. The analysis of the ceremonial in vigour at the Gate, the study of quarrels provoked by the protection of Holy places, Oriental Christians and Catholic missions or raising the question of commercial competition reveal the principal stakes in the struggle for pre-eminence in the East
Arboit, Gérald. "Aux sources de la politique arabe de la France : le Second Empire au Machrek." Strasbourg 3, 1999. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/1999/ARBOIT_Gerald_1999.pdf.
Full textThe Arab policy of the Second Empire in the Mashriq was above all the fruit of the personal ideas of Napoleon III, the general history and the foreign policy orientations of France between 1850 and 1870. These foundations laid the framework for the geopolitical action of the regime. The Emperor’s general perception of the East didn’t place this region at the center of his concerns. Only the Christian question led him wanting to follow the Napoleonic heritage of the Egyptian expedition. Its action was based on two axes. One concerned the Christian protectorate of France, threatened by Russia and the European powers, as by inter-community antagonisms in Syria and Arabia. The other took support on the Suez Canal, commanding the role of France in the revival of Egypt, but also in its establishment in the Red Sea and in the Arab-Persian Gulf. On this occasion, France began to develop a new diplomatic weapon, the export of capital
Gradel, Olivier. "Les relations diplomatiques entre la France et le Saint-Empire romain germanique, à l'époque des Guerres de Religion." Littoral, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DUNK0303.
Full textDallet, Françoise. "Les premières relations diplomatiques entre la France et l'Argentine d'après les marins français." Paris 10, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA100126.
Full textThe first diplomatic relations between France and Argentina were created by French merchants, as from 1819. Some of them settled in Buenos Aires, but Argentina, which had only recently shaken off the Spanish yoke, was a young republic, still subject to internal conflicts to which the French residents often fell victim. They called for the protection of a French representative, but the creation of such a post would have implied that France recognized the independence of the former Spanish colonies. King Louis 18 has refused in order to preserve the family pact between the two countries whereby they were committed to safeguarding their respective interests. It was not until 1825 that a commercial agent was appointed, and in the meantime, considering the means of communication avaible at the time, naval officiers inevitably came to exercise the role of ambassadors. Not until 1830, and the accession of louis-Philippe, did France officially recognize the argentine republic. Diplomatic relations had only just got underway when France found itself involved in the internal struggles of Argentina which intended to recruit French residents in order to reinforce its own inadequate troops. The first diplomatic relations were thus a failure for the French who, despite blockading Buenos Aires in 1838, did not manage to overthrow Rosas, the argentine dictator who was tyrannizing French nationals
Lin, Li-Rong Marianne. "La question chinoise du Second Empire à la IIIe République." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010281.
Full textVerneuil, Christophe. "La Belgique entre la France et l'Allemagne de 1830 à 1914 : diplomatie et stratégie." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040131.
Full textThis doctoral thesis of contemporary history deals with the evolution of the relations between three European states from 1830 to 1914: Belgium, France and Prussia then German empire. How Belgium, independent from his revolution of 1830 and European treaties of 1839, fits into the European accord between the great powers during the 19th century? Belgium, from the independence, indeed during the Dutch government of the kingdom of Netherlands, is under attention of the five European great powers: the Belgian state is a master piece of European balance. Buffer-state between France and Prussia then Germany after 1871, Belgium is too the area of their political, strategic, economic and cultural rivalry: both of them search to attract Belgium to self and warp the neutrality in his favor. Many crisis draw European accord's and Belgian’s attention between 1830 and 1914: the orient's crisis of 1840, which is the first occasion for the Belgian to define their foreign policy based on a strict neutrality, the French attempts of customs union of 1842, the revolutions of 1848, the ambitions of the second empire, the war of 1870, and the tension between France and Germany from 1871 to 1914. The Belgian themselves trust international treaties of 19th April 1839 and fairness of great powers, and worry only during some European crisis, especially before the first world war
Mercier, Laurent. "La Tchécoslovaquie des français : conceptions et représentations des pays tchèques et de la Slovaquie par les français de la Troisième République." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100101.
Full textFumex, David. "L'influence de la France au Danemark de 1799 à 1871." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040093.
Full textBetween 1799 and 1871, Denmark and France, belonging to the same European entity, experienced the same political and cultural currents (movements). The affirmation of national and liberal feeling in Europe provokes the awakening followed by the assertion of danish identity in regard to its contact with other cultures. Thus France, a great European power, stamps its mark on Denmark. This French influence results from the choice made by the Danish. The latter find new references in France which they re-use in order to affirm the Danish identity in gestation. This way, France participates in the forming of a new national and liberal Denmark. However, the 1864 defeat resulting from a national war against Germany provokes a crisis wthin this identity. Denmark is then affected by new current which lead to the definition of a new danity, more receptive to Europe. By introducing to Denmark the realism of French inspiration, Georg Brandes opens up his country to a new French influence
Monnanteuil, François. "Thomas Jefferson et la France." Paris 4, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA040069.
Full textCzouz-Tornare, Alain-Jacques. "Les troupes suisses capitulées et les relations franco-helvétiques à la fin du XVIIIe siècle." Paris, EPHE, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996EPHE4023.
Full textThis thesis aims at reconstructing the importance of the french-swiss relations on the eve and at the beginning of the french revolution by means of the troops that the swiss cantons used to lend to the king as auxiliary troops within the limits of military conventions and of an alliance lasting for centuries. The king of france safeguarded the internal cohesion and the territorial integrity of the confederation that lacked unity. The presence of swiss soldiers on french territory allowed france to maintain switzerland under their supervision. Even the most committed french revolutionaries endeavoured to retain this beneficial swiss friendship. Between 1789 and 1792 the solid swiss troops acted as the forces of maintenance of both law and order, and repression. Some french departments contested their presence at the time of serious food shortage. The swiss soldiers themselves were not insensible to the songs of revolutionary sirens. From turin, the count of artois tried to regain the swiss troops. As the swiss were note simple mercenaries, their chief, the pragmatic count d'affry, refused a confrontation with the french people outside the legal frame in order not to jeopardize irremediably the swiss interests in france. Paradoxically enough, the swiss were unintentionally more useful to the revolutionaries, acting as a mobilizing target. As a result of 10 august 1792, the auxiliary troops were reluctantly dismissed. Moreover, the alliance was suspended but france made strenuous efforts to maintain the confederation in a state of non-belligerence, hoping all the same to resume the ancestral military bonds
Lê, Van Chiên. "Les frontières de l’Indochine : l’enjeu majeur des relations franco-siamoises (1858-1907)." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT2032.
Full textIn the 19th century, faced with the ambitions of the Western Powers, especially France and England, the Kingdom of Siam (Thailand today) made significant reforms and opened up to Western countries in the form of trade treaties. At the same time, the Siamese were looking for ways to expand their territory to the east and south of Indochina, where they had to face the territorial ambitions of the French. Since 1858, France had gradually settled in Vietnam and notably in the south of the country (1859), which became Cochin- China (1862). The Treaty of Saigon was signed on June 5, 1862. France not only tried to conquer or control the whole of Indochina but also the neighbouring countries, Cambodia and Laos, which were, at the time, Siamese protectorates. It is the reason why France was confronted with the power of Siam in Indochina. Both disputes and negotiations took place. Treaties and conventions were signed between France and Siam, but the conventions were on an unequal footing (Treaty of 1893, Convention of 1902 and 1904, and Treaty of 1907, of 1909. And during four decades (1867-1907) the texts signed clearly tipped the scales in favour of France
Budeeb, Zeddan. "Les relations diplomatiques entre la régence de Tripoli et la France (1711-1832)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX10048.
Full textContacts have existed between europe and tripoli for several centuries. As to relations with france, it is not until the 17th century that tripoli signed their first treaty. In effect stable and peaceful relations were only established between the two countries after the repeated presence of french squadrons off the coast of tripoli and the occurence of bombardements. France nominated its' first consul in 1630 in order to survey its' national and commercial interests. The consul was to progressively gain the status of a fully diplomatic agent. Relations between france and tripoli did not necessarily run parallel to its' relations with constantinople especially after the coming to power of karamanly in 1711. Between this time and 1835, tripoli benefitted from a nearly total independance. Tripoli was able to impose its' own policies and negotiate commercial and peace treaties with foreign powers, opening up to the outside world, independantly of the ottoman empire. While relations between france and tripoli experienced difficulties under ahmad pacha, founder of the dynasty, they improved significantly under yusuf pacha from 1795. France's politics toward tripoli remained unchanged under the revolution and the empire. Despite the conflicts and the wars between the european nations, diplomatic relations between france and the regency of tripoli, were unaltered. Through its' counsuls in tripoli france had a significant influence on the region. During this tims english consuls established strong competition allowing england to gain. .
Soleymani, Dagmar. "Les échanges commerciaux entre la France et les États allemands : 1834-1869." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040109.
Full textThe trade between France and Germany in the mid-19th century expresses the passage from traditional to industrial society. The generalization of machinery and the transport revolution determined the evolution of the foreign exchange characterized by the bigger sale of traditional goods and by the conquest of new markets with new products. This diversity and the growing mobility of goods and persons contributed towards the progress of trade unknown till then
Santos, Monteiro Claudio Antonio. "France et Brésil : de l'Empire à la République (1850-1891)." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR30003.
Full textBased on sources of information from the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs cross-referenced with the Parisian press of the time and the output of its journalists and collaborators, this work aims at studying and analyzing the origins and periods of time that permitted to create, in France, an image of the Imperial state, of the role of dom Pedro II as head of state, and of Brazil as a Nation in its formative years. The construction of an imperial memory in the years 1850-1891 creates an image of the Empire, in opposition to the parallel construction of a republican future (1889). This work focuses on the production of the signifieds Empire-Republic, locating the contentions around their representations and expressing the diversity of viewpoints contained in these constructions. This work is a compilation of the memory and of the discourses and representations related to the monarchy of dom Pedro II, as they existed in the heart of monarchic and republican France, gleaned from diplomatic sources of information cross-referenced with works and articles written by French and Brazilian writers and collaborators in the Parisian press. In brief, our wish is to examine the construction of the discourses that have acted upon political practices and which allowed for the maintenance and strengthening of the political relationship between France and Brazil under the Empire of dom Pedro II
Haan, Bertrand. "Les relations diplomatiques entre Charles Quint, Philippe II et la France au temps de la paix du Cateau-Cambrésis (1555-1570) : l'expérience de l'"amitié"." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006VERS009S.
Full textThe main purpose of this thesis is to contribute to a new definition of the nature of relationship between sovereigns during Modern Europe – usually considered as contemporary international relationship – through study of forms taken by diplomatic alliances. One term refers to links between princes when they are allied : “friendship”. A thorough analysis of language and political practice, based on diplomatic letters, is the best way to show all the aspects of this notion. When pragmatism gets first, a practical study was prefered to a purely theorical approach, considering reconciliation, then alliance during a decade between sovereigns who appear as out-and-out rivals, the Kings of Spain of France. As it appears in the middle of the 16th century, the friendship link is strongly familial and personal, which needs a permanently renewed engagement. “Friendship” has also its own rules. It supposes feelings must appear sincere and its engagement, honoured, as it is founded on a principle of reciprocity. Advising, giving information, affording military help, commiting no frontly hostile act, these are evidences mainly given by the two allies for they will to preserve the special relationship during the 1560’. In the end, “friendship” opens way to realizing ideals of medieval and modern Christendom : instauring global peace and restauring unity of faithThough it has a virtually limited impact and can’t exist without any interest of both parts, “friendship” between princes, in its principle, in a subtle but fundamental way is not an alliance between States
Poncet, Olivier. "La papauté et la provision des abbayes et des évêchés français de 1595 à 1661 : recherches sur l'esprit des institutions pontificales à l'époque de la Réforme catholique." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040043.
Full textThe apostolic provision of the church’s major benefices is the second phase of the designation of a bishop or an abbot in the context of the concordat signed between pope and king of France. The king chooses the person, the pope institute canonically the royal candidate. This confirmation, which is doubled by a control, concerns many of the organs of the roman curia. His implications are multiple and concern the pontifical finances as far as the socio-economic balance of the city, the French presence in Rome, the way of governing the curia, the catholic reform at length. At the time where this one takes on in France, his influence on the pontifical institutions is primordial. Through the diplomatic action engaged to improve the French high clergy, pragmatism get clear: it is the true mark of the papacy of the first seventeenth century. These popes, heirs of the Concile of Trent, believed in their capacity to conjugate the ecclesiastical state and the city of god on earth. These contradictions of the double vocation of the pontifical monarchy are revealing the spirit of the pontifical institutions himself, that is their historical coherence and logic
Yilmaz, Serap. "La soie dans les relations commerciales entre la France et l'Empire ottoman au XVIIIe siècle (1700 à 1789)." Paris 4, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA040024.
Full textSchnakenbourg, Éric. "Pars Septentrionalis : la place du Nord dans la politique étrangère de la France au début du XVIIIè siècle (1700-1721)." Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA070063.
Full textThe objective of this work is the study of the northern dimension of french foreign policy at the end of louis xiv's reign and during the regence. During this period the north is the scene of a war between sweden and the other baltic's powers. The french northern policy depends on priorities which are not linked to the baltic area. During the war of spanish succession, louis xiv tries to use the northern belligerents, especially charles xii, king of sweden, to create a diversion in germany. During the regence, the northern policy is widely influenced by the alliance with great britain, whose king is one of the sweden's enemies. However, at the end of the northern war, the french succeed in imposing their conception of the baltic's powers organisation by getting the recovering of pomerania to the swedes, despite their english allie's opposition. Beyond the analysis of a precise foreign policy, i wanted to propose a cultural approach in international relations study. I worked on the process of the diplomatic activity, diplomat's work condition, their conception of their mission and of the interest of france. Then, i have tried to determine the influence of commercial questions in the relation between france and northern powers. I also wanted to shed light on the role of image in the making of foreign policy through the conception of the russian power which becomes in favor of the northern war a major factor of european political life
Antunes, José Carlos Janela. "Le Portugal de la Restauraçao : la politique du Comte de Castelo Melhor (1662-1667) et l'attitude de la France." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040050.
Full textOn December 1st 1640, at Lisbon, a group of revolted noblemen proclamed the Duke of Bragance, John IV, King of Portugal. This movement put an end to the Spanish domination and restored the independance of the country. The Spain's difficulties at the time allowed revolution to consolidate its position. European wars and Catalonia's revolt prevented the Catholic King from counter-attacking effectually. After he had signed peace with France (1659), Philip IV could at last sent all his forces against Portugal. However, Louis XIV didn't want to lose such an useful ally. That's why France sent important help to Portugal in spite of the Pyrenees' treaty. The sources at the time underline the importance of the role that Turenne had in that action whereas at Lisbon Count Castelo Melhor kept alive the pennon of the portuguese resistance. The Portuguese were so delighted at their military victories (1662-1165) that they felt self-confident enough to insist on Spain recognizing the independence. Since the Spanish regency had reserves about it, Count Castelo Melhor signed a treaty with France (1667). However, Castelo Melhor had to resign because of the climate of conspiracy at Lisbon's court and also because of foreign interferences, sepcially of france, King Alphonse VI was put in prison and his brother, the future Peter II, has replaced him. The Lisbon's treaty (1668) signed under english mediation put finally an end to the conflict between Portugal and Spain and Sealed the aim of December 1st 1640 : the portuguese independence
Lakhssassi, Mohamed. "Des rapports franco-marocains pendant la conquête et l'occupation de l'Algérie (1830-1851)." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010707.
Full textAbouelouafaa, Malika. "La course salétine et ses conséquences sur les relations franco-marocaines sous les règnes de Louis XIV et de Moulay Ismai͏̈l : 1661-1727." Lyon 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO31007.
Full textGontcharova, Tatiana. "La Russie vue par les diplomates français (1814-1848)." Paris, EPHE, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EPHE4001.
Full textThe main concern of this work has been to analyse the image of the Russian Empire as expressed in the political correspondence sent from Saint-Petersburg by the French ambassadors there and other members of their staff. The first part is a description of the French diplomatic and consular network in Russia. It provides a biographical dictionary of all French agents involved. The second part gives an account of the ups and downs of the political relationship between the two powers, from two different points of view: the attempt of Russia to control French internal politics; and the converging or conflicting approach of both countries in international affairs, especially in the Middle east and South Eastern Europe. The last part reflects the views of our French diplomatic observers as to the hidden realities of the dreadful mysterious empire in the East. In the end, one might understand better what made it difficult for France and Russia to be friends at the time and why they were doomed to drift away from one another in the following period
Joint-Daguenet, Roger. "La politique britannique en Mer Rouge et dans le golfe d'Aden au XIXe siècle : le rôle d'Aden, 1839-1869." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX10034.
Full textFoucrier, Annick. "La France, les Français et la Californie avant la ruée vers l'or (1786-1848)." Paris, EHESS, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991EHES0005.
Full textThe relationships of france, the french and california from 1786 (when laperouse called at monterey) to 1848 (the annexation by the united states) are studied from economical, social, cultural and political viewpoints. The french first came to california to trade sea otter furs, to be sold in china, then to buy supplies for whalers or for the french steelements in the marquesas and tahiti islawds. These travelers described the missions, built by the spanish beginning in 1769 to convert indians, and after the mexican independence, they observed the secularization of mision lands which turned california into a cattle breeding country, divided into large ranchos. Being situated at the borders of the spanish, russian and english empires, california held a strategic place, and its harbors were coveted by the united states. From 1836, france too was interested in the future of california, and in 1842 a french consulate was created at monterey. The complex play of the maritime powers in the 1840s ends in 1848 with the annexation of california by the united states. Several chapters deal with the french who lived in california, their origins (social and regional), their trades, their integration and their participation in the political life of the country
Sekpon, Adoukonou Paul. "L'interprétation des traités passés entre la France et l'Afrique de l'Ouest : les royaumes de Danhomé et de Porto Novo, 1850-1920." Bordeaux 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR1D007.
Full textTriaud, Jean-Louis. "Les relations entre la France et la Sanûsiyya (1840-1930) : histoire d'une mythologie coloniale, découverte d'une confrérie saharienne." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070031.
Full textThis study draws from three different spheres : islamic history, african history, and colonial history. At the center is the muslim brotherhood which appeared in mecca about 1837 and which bears the name Sanûsiyya, after its founder Muhammad Al-Sanusi, an algerian born near Mostaganem in 1787. The brotherhood, at first, was a missionary organization which preached islam to the most impoverished nomads and created zawiya-s (lodges) in inhospitable lands. After 1900, the movement organized a determined resistance against the colonial powers, France and Italy in particular. By a careful use of arabic sources and attention to the internal coherence, changing strategies and different social functions, the author seeks to explain this veritable "multinational" islamic society in which indigenous people of the Maghreb, the Hijaz, and some Sudanic countries, worked side by side. No other brotherhood was ever the object of such intense and enduring hostility from the french administration and popularizers. The fear of Sanûsiyya, the denunciation and finally the open struggle against this brotherhood have created a special chapter of colonial history. The author has looked for the reasons behind such a treatment. Finally, the sanusiyya, although launched in mecca, belongs to african history. In the period of the greatest expansion, it involved all of the central and eastern Sahara, from the Nile to the Ajjer, from southern Tunisia to lake Chad. The author has consistently featured the subsaharan
Cornaille, Alain. "Le Pouvoir shogunal à travers la correspondance politique de Duchesne de Bellecourt." Paris, INALCO, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INAL0003.
Full textBraun, Guido. "La connaissance du droit public allemand en France de la paix de Westphalie au Renversement des alliances (1643-1756)." Paris 4, 2006. http://proxy.scd.univ-tours.fr/login?url=http://www.degruyter.com/view/product/232006?rskey=v7uzHI.
Full textThis book analyzes the way French statesmen, diplomats, jurists and historians thought about the Holy Roman Empire during the period that extends from the peace congress of Westphalia to the Renversement des alliances (1643–1756). The main subject of the study is their knowledge of German public law. It pays particular attention to translations as a source of historical knowledge, given that the French versions of German fundamental laws and of the international treaties signed in Latin by France and the Emperor can be used like a seismograph showing the translators’ interpretation of the German constitution. The study also analyzes French books and memorandums on German law and history, demonstrating that the French foreign policy towards Germany was an application of an already acquired constitutional knowledge as well as a source of new knowledge. Furthermore, it pays attention to the role of Alsace in the process of the transfer of knowledge and, from the point of view of an entangled history, to the way in which Germans themselves judged French knowledge of German public law. In the course of the study, it becomes clear that the French notion of the Empire, for all its heterogeneity and complexity (which historiography has neglected so far), appropriately referred to the Empire as a federal state combining monarchical and aristocratic elements. Thus the French authors developed a terminology which could properly describe the institutions and functions of the Empire’s constitution, thereby contributing to the rise of French as a diplomatic language. In this process the Alsatians and the Germans living in France played a leading role as cultural mediators
Bataković, Dušan T. "La France et la formation de la démocratie parlementaire en Serbie 1830-1914." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040185.
Full textThe French influence on development of democracy in Serbia was considerable. It can be traced on several levels: 1 on political one from 1810 as the model of nation-state; corresponding with egalitarian and revolutionary experiences of Serbian history; 2 on ideological level because France was considered as the cradle of all democratic values: after reestablishment of the Serbian state in 1830, the French influence, up to 1914, was transmissioned by the "Parisians" who had scholarship of Serbian government in France. After 1838 they largely contributed to the formation of four political parties: liberal (1858), radical (1872), progressive (1881) and independent radical (1902). The French doctrines in Serbia were adapted to the local traditions. The strongest among the two radical parties, within their program and practical policy, the French influence was a basis for a development of a "rural democracy" finally established in 1903. This growth of French influence on ideological, cultural, political and financial plan was noticed by the frenchmen: they considered Serbia as the most francophile state in the world
Mourabet, Mohamad Nabil. "Le corps expéditionnaire de Rome, 1848-1870." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010563.
Full textThis study reports the adventures of the french expedition in rome : the preparation, the leading and the consequences. The analysis of a particular case allows to precise all means that france deployed to implement her foreign policy. This subject, limited in his military point of view and in time, 1848-1870, is in keeping with a general background for france : history of the iid republic and the second empire ; for italy, it is the war of independence and italian unity. The plan is chronological. This thesis has six parts. The two first have four chapters and the four others have three chapters. The first part describes the french intervention in rome from the making of the army of the alps until the attack of april 30th, 1849 when the expeditionary force is pushed back by the defenders of rome. The second part explains the french reaction : de lesseps is negociating with the triumvirate and meanwhile oudinot is ordered to attack again. The third part describes the siege of rome which will only be conquered during the third attack leaded by the expeditionary force. The fourth part recounts the organisation of order through a general disarming. By multiplying efforts for the come-back of the pope, which took place in april 1850, the french are establishing fermly in rome. We have given some elements of the organisation and the daily working of different services. The fifth part shows the necessity of maintening the french in rome and reminds that the strength has been reduced to only one division. The war of 1859 and his consequences complete this part. In the sixth part, france engages herself to remove her troops but the intervention of garibaldi obliges her to forward new troops which will be definitively removed in 1870. The history of the expeditionary force in rome, 1848-1870, shows how the army has been the instrument of the french foreign policy
Nawrocki, François. "L'amiral Claude d'Annebault : faveur du roi et gouvernement du royaume sous les règnes de François Ier et d'Henri II." Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040057.
Full textClaude d’Annebault (c. 1495-1552) was one of the major figures of the reign of Francis I. Governor of Piedmont, lieutenant at the government of Normandy, marshal and admiral of France, French leading negotiator for the treaties of Crépy and Ardres, he carried out the direction or “superintendance” of the main political matters at the end of this reign (1543-1547). The reconstruction of the life and career of this man, forgotten by the History, clarifies the role of the “favorite counselor” in the middle of the 16th century, as a keystone of the political system and main recipient of king’s favour, as well as it reveals the mutual bonds between high level of responsibilities and favour granted and demonstrated. Thus appear the meaning and the purpose of a system of government based on one favorite counselor, so personally related to the king that he could almost personify himself as a royal alter ego
Bensalem, Boutaïna. "Les relations commerciales et diplomatiques entre la Grande Bretagne et le Maroc, XIXe-XXe siècle : des rapports complexes sous l'influence politique de la France, de l' Espagne et des pressions régionales." Bordeaux 3, 2011. https://extranet.u-bordeaux-montaigne.fr/memoires/diffusion.php?nnt=2011BOR30030.
Full textThe object of this thesis is to outline the economical and diplomatic relationship between Great Britain and Morocco during the 19th and 20th centuries based on different social, political and economical affairs marking their relations. Its aim is to also bring forth the British interest in Morocco in a very specific international context and how the British politics towards this North African country did not exclude commecial policy. The different aspects of the British preponderance in Morocco during this period of history are approached from a thematic and chronological context underlying the British diplomatic double language which toggled between interference and suggestion until withdrawal was chosen for strategic and political reasons. Based on a multitude of sources, the goal of this study is demonstrate the impact of Great Britain politics on the history of the Cherifian Empire by bringing light into the important role played by other European countries in the British political evolution towards this Mediterranean country
Labat, Saint Vincent Xavier. "Malte et le commerce français au XVIIIe siècle." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040214.
Full textOrtiz, Vásquez Luis Carlos. "La correspondance politique des diplomates français en Colombie : 1860-1903." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010542.
Full textMaquart, Marie-Françoise. "Le reseau francais a la cour de charles ii d'espagne : jeux diplomatiques de fin de regne -1696/1700-." Toulouse 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU20022.
Full textMontaubin, Pascal. "Le gouvernement de la grâce : la politique bénéficiale des Papes au XIIIe siècle dans la moitié Nord du royaume de France." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010541.
Full textPAPAL PROVISIONS OF ECCLESIASTICAL BENEFICES GIVE A NOTEWORTHY EXAMPLE OF THE CENTRALIZATION OF POWER IN THE IMPORTANT AREA OF THE NORTHERN PART OF THE FRENCH KINGDOM (32 DIOCESES SELECTED). THE XIIITH CENTURY WAS THE MAJOR TIME WHEN THE PAPACY PROGRESSIVELY SUCCEEDED IN IMPOSING TO THE CLERICAL AND NOBLE SOCIETY OF A FREE KINGDOM A RIGHT WHICH APPEARED IN THE XIITH CENTURY AND WHICH REACHED ITS PEAK WITH THE POPES OF AVIGNON. IN ORDER TO TREAT THE NUMEROUS REQUESTS OF BENEFICES COMING FROM THE WHOLE CHRISTIANITY, POPES AND THEIR CHANCERY HAD TO SET UP NEW ADMINISTRATIVE TECHNICS TO TRANSFORM THE PETITIONS IN GRANTS AND TO MAKE THEM EXECUTED AWAY. THE CREATION OF A NEW CANONICAL RIGHT STRENGTHENED THE POSSIBILITIES OF INTERVENTION AND REGULATED THE SYSTEM TO THE DETRIMENT OF THE ORDINARY PROVISORS. ROME COULD INTERFERE IN THE COMPOSITION OF THE PERSONAL OF THE DIOCESAN INSTITUTIONS, BUT SHE DID NOT TRY TO CONTROL THEM BY THIS MEAN. THE GEOGRAPHY OF THE APOSTOLICAL POWER SHOWS BIG CONTRASTS, AND THE RIGHTS OF THE LAITY WERE SAVED. THE PROSOPOGRAPHY OF A THOUSAND OF MINOR CLERKS SHOWS THE NUMEROUS KINDS OF PEOPLE PROTECTED BY POPES : THE MEMBERS OF THE ROMAN CURIA WHICH WAS MODERNISED, THE FAVOURITES OF THE CURIALISTS WHO DIVERTED A PART OF THE PAPAL POLITICS TO strengthEN THEIR OWN NEPOTISM, THE FAVOURITES OF FRENCH PRELATES, NOBLES AND KINGS WHO TRIED TO ADAPT THEMSELVES TO THE APOSTOLICAL CENTRALIZATION, THE "POOR CLERKS" AND STUDENTS WHO SEARCHED IN ROME A PROTECTION THAT THEY DID NOT FIND IN THEIR DIOCESES. THESE POLITICS BEGAN TO PROVOKE ABUSES IN THE LIFE OF THE FRENCH CHURCH, BUT THEY DID NOT MEET STRONG OPPOSITIONS, BECAUSE THE APOSTOLICAL INTERVENTIONS IN EPISCOPAL APPOINTMENTS WERE NOT NUMEROUS BEFORE THE END OF THE CENTURY
Arpin-Gonnet, Gaëlle. "Un diplomate aux origines de la raison d'état : René de Lucinge." Lyon 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO33029.
Full textBujoli, Marina. "Louis XVI dans les documents iconographiques et objets produits en Grande-Bretagne : une certaine image de la monarchie, de la France et des Français." Aix-Marseille 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX10037.
Full textRispal, Jean-François. "La présence française à Zanzibar : 1770-1904." Pau, 2004. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/H/2004PAUU1003_RISPAL.pdf.
Full textZanzibar is at the XVIII and XIX centuries a sultanate controlled by Omani. For commercial reasons then strategic (sights on the Comoros and Madagascar, draft "disguised" towards the Reunion) France installs a consulate in 1844 which will last until 1904. Some tradesmen and missionaries are present, generally in a temporary way, in the island. But their action is diffuse and has few consequences on the political life of the island, contrary to some consuls. Privileging the European affairs, the various governments (Restauration, Second Republic, Second Empire) want, however to obtain an easy access to an agricultural labour for the French islands of the Indian Ocean and to avoid the interventions of Zanzibar in the Comoros and Madagascar. Having obtained satisfaction, the Third Republic will accept the British protectorate on Zanzibar in 1890 and will withdraw the island
Jacob, Guy. "La France et Madagascar de 1880 à 1894 : aux origines d'une conquête coloniale." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040115.
Full textEn 1890 la France, qui escompte encore une rapide revanche, s'intéresse peu à Madagascar. Mais les Réunionnais, ruinés, veulent mettre la main sur la Grande Île. Ils ont deux arguments : sa richesse fabuleuse, des "droits historiques" anciens. Et un prétexte : posséder un vaste réservoir de main-d'œuvre. Avec des consuls de France remuants, ils amplifient une rumeur : l'Angleterre veut contrôler Madagascar alléguant divers incidents, le Réunionnais de Mahy, ministre de la marine pour un très bref intérim, lance en 1883 l'escadre de l'océan Indien contre Madagascar. Ferry, qui, à posteriori, approuve cette décision, se voit reprocher par la chambre sa timidité lors du grand débat de juillet 1885, l'intervention de Mahy est essentielle : grâce à lui Madagascar sauve le Tonkin. Mais, par le traité de 1885, le gouvernement malgache se refuse à reconnaître le protectorat français. Le Myre de Vilers, résident général, décèle les faiblesses de la monarchie. Dépourvu d'illusions sur les missionnaires britanniques qui prétendent exporter la révolution industrielle, il mise cependant, vainement, sur une conquête économique. Le premier ministre Rainilaiarivony accorde d'immenses concessions à des aventuriers alors que sur la côte végètent de petits colons créoles. En 1890, l'Angleterre reconnaît le protectorat français sur Madagascar. En vain, Rainilaiarivony s'efforce de développer la recherche de l'or, puis de mobiliser son armée. Au contraire, le grand banditisme progresse. Le gouvernement malgache est condamné par la Résidence, les Jésuites et les missions britanniques. Fin 1894, le parlement français, rendu euphorique par les accords avec la Russie, vote les crédits pour une expédition destinée à occuper Tananarive. (Doc thèses)
In 1890, France, still hoping for a revenge, hardly took interest in Madagascar. But being bankrupt, the population of the island of La Reunion wanted to lay their hands on Madagascar. They put forward two arguments: its fabulous wealth and some ancient historic rights. They also alleged the fact that the island offered ample manpower. And with the help of some very active French consuls. They also spread the rumour that England wanted to gain control over Madagascar. The Creole de Mahy, who was the navy minister for a short interim period, took on him to send the Indian Ocean squadron against Madagascar. Ferry, who subsequently gave his approval to the decision, was blamed for being too timid by the chamber. During the great debate of July 1885, Madagascar saved Tonkin through Mahy's interpellation. However, the Malagasy government rejected the French protectorate by the 1885 treaty. Le Myre de Vilers, the resident general, detected the weaknesses of the monarchy. Under no illusion as to the British missionaries exporting the industrial revolution, he, in vain, banked on an economic control. The Prime Minister Rainilaiarivony conceded huge concessions to adventurers while small Creole settlers could hardly make a living on the coast. In 1890, England recognized the French protectorate on Madagascar. Rainilaiarivony tried to develop gold mining and to rally his army. However, crime was increasing. The Malagasy government was blamed by the residence, the Jesuits and the British missions. By the end of 1894, the French parliament, encouraged by the agreement with Russia, voted for an expedition to take over Antananarivo
Pin, Paul. "Les services de renseignement dans la politique extérieure de Napoléon III." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040173.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to show the share of secret services in the foreign policy of Napoleon the third. .
Caron, Emmanuel. "La politique ottomane de la France depuis la levée du siège de Vienne (1683) jusqu'à la paix de Karlowitz (1699)." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040251.
Full textThe relations between France and the Ottoman Empire, which dated back to the sixteenth century, were significally renewed at the end of the seventeenth century. After the siege of Vienna had ended, Louis XIV adopted a position of benevolent neutrality towards the Porte, so as to bring it to continue the war it had started with the holy league. This neutrality was also interested because the French ambassadors tried to take advantage of this situation as well economically as religiously. After France had entered the nine years war in 1688, as the Ottoman Empire was on the verge of being defeated, an alliance "de facto" was established between both countries, which had henceforth a common enemy. From then on, their relations became close, and France acquired a political, economic and religious preeminence in Levant. From 1695 on however, the relations worsened, because each of the two partners was thinking more and more about the peace. It was France which broke the alliance "de facto", by signing the peace of Ryswick en 1697. Once more alone, defeated at Zenta, the Ottoman Empire was compelled to sign the peace of Karlowitz in 1699. But the latter event had negative consequences on the relations between both countries and the economic and religious advantages gained by France were partly lost. At the end of the century, France had therefore lost her predominant position in Levant, as well as an ally who could have useful in the view of the Spanish succession
Martin, Olivier. "Un défenseur de la cause protestante sur la scène européenne - L'ambassadeur anglais Henri Norris à la cour française durant la troisième guerre civile (1568-1570)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26294/26294.pdf.
Full textVillerbu, Tangi. "Espace et nation : constructions françaises du récit de l'Ouest américain au XIXe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://books.openedition.org/pur/6251.
Full textDuring a long 19th century, many Frenchmen narrated what happened in the American West. Travellers was looking for evidence of the birth of an American nation. Tourists visited the national(ist) parks, industrialized natural spaces. Others wanted to settle : migrants, narrated their failures and successes, missionaries could imitate Jesus Christ and die working for their faith. Fenimore Cooper's novels were read by everybody, but few scientists tried to know the West more seriously. Many failed to imagine the West could have been important to understand the American identity, but on the contrary some believed the nation born in the West. Nevertheless, most of the Frenchmen knew the West by what they could read in popular literature or see in the Wild West Shows. The American nation born in France, as it born in the United States or any other country. And the narrative of the West is in the heart of that process. It's the story of a region which had to become "normal", "American". The others have no right to live in the western memory. A counter-narrative existed, in mass culture or catholic writings, but it couldn't resist at the end of the 19th century. The West had to be "American", but it was created by the North, and not by the South, and only colonial trade bound it to the nation. The American nation born through the western story as a conquering, democratic and mainly nation created by settlers and cow-boys. Nevertheless, at the end of the 19th century, this herois West seems to disappear; the story seems to end. It is impossible to narrate the future West, so the "frontier" appear to narrate its glorious past
Reznikow, Stéphane. "Francophilie et identité tchèque (1848-1914)." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0066.
Full textTanguy, Marion. "L' essor d'un port atlantique connecté : Nantes et le commerce des « isles de l'Amérique » durant le règne de Louis XIV (1661-1697)." Nantes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NANT3021.
Full textNari, Estela. "Les rapports franco-uruguayens pendant la "Guerra Grande" : le conflit vu par les français : (pourquoi l'Uruguay n'est-il pas devenu français)." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030148.
Full text"the river plate affair" lasted from 1839 to 1852 and concerned south america, mainly the argentine confederation and the republic of uruguay, as well as two european nations. France and britain. The latter were seeking sources of raw materials and markets for finished goods, while the newly independent south american states were striving to organise themselves with european help, exchanging if necessary, trade deals for military intervention. The coincidences and conflicts inherent in these interests led to alliances in europe, regularly forgotten, and to agreements and confrontations in the plate region. Above all the conflict was diplomatic. The study covers the french view of this conflict: that of the french in france, both authorities and individuals (as in the press or in trade) who were generally indifferent to local issues: that of colonial envoys, both regular and special, who were trying to carry out their orders which arrived with the delays inherent in the communication-means at the time, whilst experiencing the influences of a changing situation, largely unknown in europe, and finally, the view of the french in the plate area who were very numerous and whose socio-economic origins and goals were widely differing. The analysis deals essentially with the reactions of the french vis a vis uruguay. The main document sources are publications (books, press) and the official correspondence of agents, both commercial and political
Kuo, Sheng-Lung. "La meilleure ennemie de la France : Guides, récits de voyage outre-Manche et considérations sur l'Angleterre pendant la monarchie de Juillet." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC197.
Full textThe most Anglophile French king, Louis-Philippe (1830-1848), commences his rule inan Anglomaniac atmosphere. Throughout his reign though, several conflicts opposing Parisand London are the cause of an unfolding Anglophobic spirit. Starting off from these three feelings that are both distinct and interdependent, and in the perspective of the main contemporary trends like romanticism, nationalism and socialism, this thesis aims at studyingthe various representations of England during the July Monarchy. A study of the evolving Franco-British relationship from the Age of Enlightenment until the fall of the last Frenchking, is the background to this work: it helps understanding the judgment that the French exercised on their English neighbors during this period. Guidebooks published during the“King of the French” regime and writings from French travelers who expand on their discoveries and experiences of the English life within a “commercial and industrial England”,are then an object of analysis. A final aspect of this study focuses on their considerations with respect to the social state of this “industrial England”, in a context when France is pursuing apath of industrialization. Those diverse images about Great Britain extracted from French travelers’ publications are all pointing to the true motive of their stay across the Channel: a circumspect study of England that can be used to educate their own country, France, or eventhe whole world
Sim, Gérald. "La représentation diplomatique et consulaire française aux États-Unis (1815-1904) : réseaux, acteurs, pratiques, regards." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT2015.
Full textThe study of the French diplomatic and consular presence in the United States is a mirror of the ambitions and the limits of the French diplomacy in North America during the 19th century. This research draws up an overall picture of the French diplomatic network through its actors. As mainstays of foreign politics, diplomats and consuls supported and influenced the political decisions made in Paris. Following the end of the Atlantic revolutions, the diplomatic network organized itself in a commercial logic way. During the whole century, this axis of the French diplomacy is deeply intertwined with a geopolitical logic way. The latter oscillated between two ways: bringing France and the United States together in order to limit the British commercial and maritime hegemony in the Atlantic area ; and coming to an agreement with London to thwart the American territorial expansion towards the West. As actors and witnesses of the political recombining which affects North America, diplomats are the relays of a policy aiming at restoring a French influence in this part of the New World, with no regard for the Monroe doctrine. The failures of the French diplomacy and the advent of the United States as the imperial power made the Quai d’Orsay readjust its policy. Implicitly recognizing the principles of the Monroe doctrine, the diplomatic actors are to support the creation of a French-American official memory reviving the fight shared for the cause of freedom during the War of Independence. This will to create memory took part in the building of the myth of La Fayette as a hero of the two worlds. This myth was in fact being used as window dressing on reality of the bilateral relations of the 19th century marked by the assertion of two political messianisms on both sides of the Atlantic