Academic literature on the topic 'France; social ideas, theories; various ideas'

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Journal articles on the topic "France; social ideas, theories; various ideas"

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Boudon, Raymond. "Social Science and the Two Relativisms." Irish Journal of Sociology 12, no. 1 (2003): 5–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/079160350301200101.

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Social science has in the past granted much credence to two forms of relativism: cognitive relativism and cultural relativism. These two forms constitute the major components of postmodernism. Why do we believe so easily the arguments put forward by both cognitive and cultural relativism? Suspect arguments are often hyperbolical versions of valid ideas. Cognitive relativism rests on the efforts made, from the work of the Vienna Circle to that of Popper, to identify general criteria by which to differentiate between science and non-science. It also rests on sound studies of the history of scien
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Shapkin, I. N. "The French School of Solidarity: Theoretical Views of Leon Duguit." Humanities and Social Sciences. Bulletin of the Financial University 14, no. 6 (2025): 45–53. https://doi.org/10.26794/2226-7867-2024-14-6-45-53.

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The article examines the reasons for the appeal of the modern scientific and political community to the theories of solidarity. Developed by the beginning of the twentieth century. they were antagonists to the liberal and revolutionary theories of that time. France was a kind of center of solidarity in this era. Various variants of it are being formulated here, including the concept of “legal solidarity”. One of the creators of the latter was Leon Duguit, a well-known French jurist and public figure. The ideas expressed by him were used in subsequent times by scientists and politicians who for
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Antonescu, Bogdan, David M. Schultz, Hugo M. A. M. Ricketts, and Dragoş Ene. "Theories on Tornado and Waterspout Formation in Ancient Greece and Rome." Weather, Climate, and Society 11, no. 4 (2019): 889–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-19-0057.1.

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Abstract Tornadoes and waterspouts have long fascinated humankind through their presence in myths and popular beliefs and originally were believed to have supernatural causes. The first theories explaining weather phenomena as having natural causes were proposed by ancient Greek natural philosophers. Aristotle was one of the first natural philosophers to speculate about the formation of tornadoes and waterspouts in Meteorologica (circa 340 BCE). Aristotle believed that tornadoes and waterspouts were associated with the wind trapped inside the cloud and moving in a circular motion. When the win
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Khokhlov, Andrei A. "CONSPIRACY THEORIES AS A PHENOMENON OF MEDIA IMPACT ON PUBLIC CONSCIOUSNESS." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Philosophy. Social Studies. Art Studies, no. 2 (2020): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-6401-2020-2-94-102.

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The article deals with the issue of spreading conspiratorial ideas in social networks and in the media, in connection with the COVID19 epidemic in the Russian Federation. A brief overview of the most well-known scientific approaches to the study of non-conventional concepts and various “conspiracy theories” is given. Special attention is paid to the connection of the conspiracy theories with postmodern ideas and a critical attitude to any official information from authoritative sources. It is emphasized that the equality of statements, that was insisted on by the supporters of postmodernism, l
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Heinzman, J. Robert. "Theories of Meaning and Value in Action." Independent Association of Business Scholars Journal Inaugural Edition 1, no. 1 (2016): 42–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.70229/jadl4974.

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The research presents ideas which identify valued derivation from several theories in various philosophical schools of thought. This discussion of theories, like core and changing values of traditional philosophical realm, rationalism, idealism, empiricism, and pragmatism from the modern era, and existentialism, deconstructionism, social constructionism, and phenomenology from the postmodern area of thought, and appreciative environment, identify value theory and apply these theoretical premises too personal and workplace settings, offering recommendations where applicable.
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Fathabadi, Jassem. "A Weberian Framework for Critical Discourse Analysis." Issues in Social Science 10, no. 2 (2022): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/iss.v10i2.20606.

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Discourse analysis, since its emergence, has gone through various changes and modifications, especially in the trend coming to prominence as critical discourse analysis. This trend has always manifested the impact of brilliant ideas by great intellectuals from different disciplines such as philosophy, sociology, psychology, and social theory. Max Weber is one of the towering figures in the history of sociology whose method of conducting sociological analysis, especially the concept of ideal types, has not been adequately utilized in discourse studies. Throughout years, critical discourse analy
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Deimann, Markus. "Open Education and Bildung: Ideas, Assumptions, and Their Vigour to Transform Higher Education." MedienPädagogik: Zeitschrift für Theorie und Praxis der Medienbildung 24, Educational Media Ecologies (2014): 94–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.21240/mpaed/24/2014.09.15.x.

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We are witnessing tremendous changes and transformations in learning and education due to the advancement of digital technologies. This pertains not only to various forms of e-learning but also to more recent sorts of open online learning environments such as MOOCs or P2P-University. As Bell (2011) has argued, learning theories fall short of explaining change in learning activities as these theories do not consider the complexity of technology, social network, and individual activities. Therefore, this paper revisits the German concept of Bildung (Formation) to get a better understanding of th
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Khushk, Amir, Zhang Zengtian, Yang Hui, and Cynthia Atamba. "UNDERSTANDING GROUP DYNAMICS: THEORIES, PRACTICES, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS." Malaysian E Commerce Journal 6, no. 1 (2022): 01–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/mecj.01.2022.01.08.

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The importance of groups in a business cannot be underestimated because working as a team is the most efficient way to find solutions to specific problem. This review paper aimed to provide a comprehensive view of the group and group dynamics in light of diverse theories from the past to the present by exploring how significant components of dynamics are entrenched in contemporary group literature. An extensive literature review was performed to examine 55 articles collected from various databases such as Web of Science and Scopus and published between 2000 and 2020. In social science, underst
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DOAN, Van Re. "Analysis of Confucius and Dewey's Educational Ideas for Vietnam's Education." International Journal of Religion 5, no. 10 (2024): 475–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.61707/yf5ef256.

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Presently, numerous educators both domestically and internationally have made significant contributions to the formation and advancement of educational ideas. Notably, Confucius from China and John Dewey from the United States have exerted a profound impact on modern educational practice and theory. This paper aims to analyse and contrast the educational philosophies of Confucius and Dewey in order to identify the similarities and differences in their theories within various national and social contexts. The objective is to extract the essence of their educational thoughts to benefit Vietnam's
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Zenderland, Leila. "Biblical Biology: American Protestant Social Reformers and the Early Eugenics Movement." Science in Context 11, no. 3-4 (1998): 511–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889700003185.

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The ArgumentIn most historical accounts, eugenic doctrines and Christian beliefs are assumed to be adversaries. Such a perspective is too narrow, however, for while many prominent eugenicists were indeed religious skeptics, others sought to reconcile eugenics with Christianity. Various American Protestant social reformers tried to synthesize new biological theories with older biblical ideas about the meaning of a good inheritance. Such syntheses played an important role in disseminating eugenic doctrines into America's deeply Protestant heartland.
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Books on the topic "France; social ideas, theories; various ideas"

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Fogarty, Richard S., and Michael A. Osborne. Eugenics in France and the Colonies. Edited by Alison Bashford and Philippa Levine. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195373141.013.0020.

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The pre-history of French eugenics resides in early modern and Enlightenment ideas on human perfectibility, theories of generation and inheritance, and considerations of demography and national strength. This article gives a brief discussion on the study of population and the surveys which enumerate attributes of colonial populations, including age, place of birth, numbers of slaves, health information, and much more. It addresses human heredity and breeding, and its use in scientific and political lexicons. It states that the origins of the modern French eugenics movement lie in multifaceted
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Medvetz, Thomas, and Jeffrey J. Sallaz, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Pierre Bourdieu. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199357192.001.0001.

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Pierre Bourdieu was arguably the most important social theorist of the twentieth century. A French sociologist, he produced during his lifetime scores of empirical studies that laid the foundation for a rich theoretical program. These included studies of French colonialism in Algeria, the education system in France, new forms of state power, and the rise of autonomous artistic and scientific fields. Bourdieu’s research program was grounded in concepts such as habitus, field, forms of capital, and symbolic domination. Although most of these concepts have long historical legacies, Bourdieu elabo
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Summers, Randal, ed. Social Psychology. Greenwood, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216015956.

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This book provides an introduction to social psychology that covers its history, theories, and core concepts. It explains intrapersonal (how others influence our views about ourselves) and interpersonal (how we think about and act toward other people) applications of this discipline in today's society. Human beings are social by nature. Because of this, the people around us have a profound impact on how we think about ourselves and others—from our sense of self esteem to our opinions and attitudes to our interactions in a group setting.Social Psychology: How Other People Influence Our Thoughts
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Danielson, J. Taylor, and Robin Stryker. Cultural Influences on Social Policy Development. Edited by Daniel Béland, Kimberly J. Morgan, and Christopher Howard. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199838509.013.032.

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Meaning-making is the core of all cultural mechanisms influencing policy development. Culture includes ideas; ideologies; values; concepts and theories; categories; beliefs; attitudes; opinions; norms; cognitive schema and paradigms; frames; discourse; spoken, written, or signed language; and any material object to which meaning is attached. Each shapes policies through meaning-making. This chapter explores how diverse aspects of culture play cognitive, normative-evaluative, and strategic roles in U.S. social policy development. It reviews exemplary research exploring the relationship between
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Krumer-Nevo, Michal. Radical Hope. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447354895.001.0001.

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This book describes the new Poverty-Aware Paradigm (PAP), which was developed in Israel through intense involvement with the field of social work in various initiatives. The paradigm was adopted in 2014 by the Israeli Ministry of Welfare and Social Services as a leading paradigm for social workers in social services departments. The book draws from the rich experience of the implementation of the PAP in practice and connects examples of practice to theoretical ideas from radical/critical social work, critical poverty knowledge, and psychoanalysis. The PAP addresses poverty as a violation of hu
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Hitlin, Steven, and Sarah K. Harkness. The Difficulty of Studying Morality Across Cultures. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190465407.003.0004.

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This chapter details ideas in psychology and sociology that focus on individuals and groups, the locus of the majority of morality research. Durkheim wrote about social structure as an influence on morality, but outside of a handful of anthropological theoretical pieces and some sociological ideas, there is a paucity of recent theory (much less empirical work) on links between social structure and culture as they inform moral codes and functioning. More commonly, different cultures are treated as if they a priori developed differently, even though there is evidence to suggest that structural f
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Spierenburg, Pieter. The Rise of Criminology in its Historical Context. Edited by Paul Knepper and Anja Johansen. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199352333.013.20.

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This essay traces the origins and development of criminology from Beccaria up to about 1940, exploring the intimate connection between criminological thought and the contemporary cultural and social climate. In various ways, all pre-criminologists were influenced by the early bourgeois image of man, with free will and character building as its central tenets. Professionalization coincided with a cultural turn that greatly reduced the role of free will in human behavior, stressing instead heredity or other fixed structures. The concept of a “quest for purity” typifies the cultural undercurrent
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Harris, Randy Allen. The Linguistics Wars. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199740338.001.0001.

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This book centers on a key rupture in the field of linguistics as a hegemony by the theories of Noam Chomsky appeared to be taking hold, a rupture in the 1960s that began a flowering of alternate approaches to Chomsky's framework, but also reoriented his framework markedly. The rupture was between Generative Semantics, which pushed to include more and more meaning in linguistic theory, and Interpretive Semantics, which resisted that push, putting more and more weight on syntactic structure. But in many ways the dispute can be reduced to George Lakoff, the most prominent voice on the more-meani
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Weissmark, Mona Sue. The Science of Diversity. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190686345.001.0001.

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Using a multidisciplinary approach, The Science of Diversity reveals the theories, principles, and paradigms that illuminate people’s understanding of the issues surrounding human diversity, social equality, and justice. Noted psychologist and educator Dr. Mona Weissmark assembles a rich array of research from anthropology, biology, religious studies, and the social sciences to write a scholarly diorama of diversity. This book contextualizes diversity historically, tracing the evolution of ideas about “the other” and about “we” and “them” to various forms of social organization—from the “hunte
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Suzuki, Rieko. The Shelleys and the Brownings. Liverpool University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781800856479.001.0001.

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This book is about the intertextual relationships between the works of the Shelleys and the Brownings. While a lot of research has been done on the relationship between Percy Bysshe Shelley and Robert Browning, virtually nothing has been said about the links between Mary Shelley and Robert Browning, and very little on the connections between the Shelleys and Elizabeth Barrett Browning. The book seeks to address this blind spot by focusing on three areas in particular: firstly, the way that Browning’s later poems reflect back on and re-engage with Shelley’s work; second, Mary Shelley’s influenc
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Book chapters on the topic "France; social ideas, theories; various ideas"

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Batty, Michael. "Defining Urban Science." In Urban Informatics. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8983-6_3.

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AbstractThis introductory chapter provides a brief overview of the theories and models that constitute what has come to be called urban science. Explaining and measuring the spatial structure of the city in terms of its form and function is one of the main goals of this science. It provides links between the way various theories about how the city is formed, in terms of its economy and social structure, and how these theories might be transformed into models that constitute the operational tools of urban informatics. First the idea of the city as a system is introduced, and then various models
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Bonnet, Romain, Amerigo Caruso, and Alessandro Saluppo. "The First Revolution of the Twentieth Century: Fears of Socialism and Anti-Labour Mobilisation in Europe After the Russian Revolution of 1905." In Rethinking Revolutions from 1905 to 1934. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04465-6_8.

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AbstractIn the late-nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Europe experienced labour conflicts, unprecedented in their character, intensity and scope. From the waves of strikes and social conflicts of the pre-war era, through the ordeal of the First World War, and the extraordinary violence of the post-1917 upheavals, the revolutionary potential of mass strikes never ceased to torment those who were assigned, or self-appointed, to protect the threatened order. The purpose of this article is to analyse the repertoire of actions and ideas of right-wing civil defence leagues, vigilante organis
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Donohue, Christopher. "“A Mountain of Nonsense”? Czech and Slovenian Receptions of Materialism and Vitalism from c. 1860s to the First World War." In History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12604-8_5.

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AbstractIn general, historians of science and historians of ideas do not focus on critical appraisals of scientific ideas such as vitalism and materialism from Catholic intellectuals in eastern and southeastern Europe, nor is there much comparative work available on how significant European ideas in the life sciences such as materialism and vitalism were understood and received outside of France, Germany, Italy and the UK. Insofar as such treatments are available, they focus on the contributions of nineteenth century vitalism and materialism to later twentieth ideologies, as well as trace the
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Ursyn, Anna. "Ideas and Issues Concerning the Learning Environment." In Visual Approaches to Cognitive Education With Technology Integration. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5332-8.ch009.

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This chapter reviews the essential features of present learning environment and puts forward some educational propositions that may be of service in schools on all levels. First, it examines the selected philosophical, psychological, and cognitive theories pertaining learning and teaching. Next, characteristics of current learning environment are discussed, and the focus is put on a need for introducing the integrative learning into the global K-20 schooling. Propositions comprise the iterative model of inducing new concepts and information into the curriculum; introduction of such universal l
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Roach, Steven C. "8. Critical Theory." In International Relations Theories. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780198707561.003.0009.

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This chapter examines the various assumptions of critical theory espoused by the Frankfurt school, with particular emphasis on how the Frankfurt school's critiques of authoritarianism and repression influenced the critical interventions by International Relations (IR) theorists. The chapter focuses on two major strands of critical International Relations theory: normative theory and the Marxist-based critique of the political economy. After providing an overview of the Frankfurt school and critical IR theory, the chapter explores critical theorists' views on universal morality and political ec
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Roach, Steven C. "8. Critical Theory." In International Relations Theories. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780198814443.003.0008.

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This chapter examines the various assumptions of critical theory espoused by the Frankfurt school, with particular emphasis on how the Frankfurt school’s critiques of authoritarianism and repression influenced the critical interventions by International Relations (IR) theorists. The chapter focuses on two major strands of critical International Relations theory: normative theory and the Marxist-based critique of the political economy. After providing an overview of the Frankfurt school and critical IR theory, the chapter explores critical theorists’ views on universal morality and political ec
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Joas, Hans, and Wolfgang Knöbl. "Sociology and Social Theory from the End of the First World War to the 1970s." In War in Social Thought, translated by Alex Skinner. Princeton University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691150840.003.0005.

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This chapter shows that social theory's engagement with the phenomenon of war, which had already begun before the First World War, did not continue in any substantial way after 1918. War quickly vanished from the radar of those subjects in which social theories find their home. In Germany between the world wars, it was Carl Schmitt who provided the most provocative ideas on the problem of war; in France, it was Roger Caillois; and in the United States, it was initially political émigrés, like Hans Speier, who produced the first significant studies of militarism and “total war.” The chapter con
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Guru, Gopal, and Sundar Sarukkai. "Conceptualizing the Social." In Experience, Caste, and the Everyday Social. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199496051.003.0002.

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The concept of the social has been discussed extensively in sociology and other related disciplines. This chapter traces a particular problem related to the ambiguity of this term over time. One perspective is that the social can be seen as a unity, a given whole which cannot really be broken into parts made up of individuals. Or it could be seen as a field which is spread out, located in space and time, and having properties that are ‘experienceable’. Depending on which theories of space and time we hold, we could have different ideas of the social. This has led many to the claim that the soc
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Reysz, Julien. "Reducing Social Inequalities through the Implementation of Effective Right to Employment: The Case of French Experiment “TZCLD”." In Bridging Social Inequality Gaps - Concepts, Theories, Methods, and Tools [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1004713.

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The “Territoire Zéro Chômeur de Longue Durée” (TZCLD) project—Zero Long-Term Unemployed Territory (ZLTUT)—is an experimental initiative that has been running in France since 2016. Its aim is to fight long-term unemployment on a territorial scale by reintegrating into the labor market people who have been out of work for a long time. TZCLD (ZLTUT) is a public policy measure based on an original conception of employment and work, and on innovative tools and methods for reintegrating long-term unemployed into the labor market. This project is based on three key ideas. Firstly, “no one is unemploy
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lsenmann, Eberhard. "Medieval and Renaissance Theories of State Finance." In Economic Systems and State Finance. Oxford University PressOxford, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198205456.003.0002.

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Abstract The Middle Ages witnessed both the development of more differentiated and varied forms of taxation and-at least in most states-a more sophisticated financial administration. Contemporary theories of state finance comprise a broad spectrum of views, from legal and moral statements, maxims and principles to relatively simple ideas. Yet the Middle Ages also saw the emergence of comprehensive and far-reaching theories relating to the legal foundation and justification for imposing taxes; the classification of the various types of revenue and taxes; the techniques of assessment; the questi
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Conference papers on the topic "France; social ideas, theories; various ideas"

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Ipsalat, Ionela Beatrice. "Study on the Influence of Drucker’s Thinking on Some Conceptualizations/Theories on the Role of Innovation in Firm Performance." In 8th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2024 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2024. https://doi.org/10.31410/eman.2024.301.

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From an economic and social perspective, by innovation we mean bringing an element of novelty to technologies, modes of production, organization, or any other aspect by which an organized group of people or an individual contributes to social progress. From a historical perspective, social groups have always had recourse to improving how they have earned their living and have therefore had recourse to innovations of various kinds. In fact, it can be argued that the main determinant of innovation has been the need to address different categories of social needs. Peter F. Drucker has been referr
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Tomic, Dusko, and Eldar Saljic. "MIGRANT CRISIS AS A SPECIFIC RISK MODERN EUROPE." In 8th INTERNATIONAL FORUM “SAFETY FOR THE FUTURE”. RASEC, 2022. https://doi.org/10.70995/njtq8191.

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Like any crisis in the human world, the migrant crisis can be approached without more comprehensive interpretations and deeper understanding. Nevertheless, recognizing intuitions at the first observations of European and Balkan "migrant events" is prudent, and beyond prejudice and pre-understanding, to search for the causes of the crisis. The ongoing migrant crisis has highlighted the need to create and implement a multidisciplinary model of understanding the 21st-century conflict. Models used so far halved from mega authorial theories and political doctrines, such as various pro-globalization
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Maya, Sebastian. "A reflexive educational model for design practice with rural communities: the case of bamboo product makers in Cuetzalan, México." In LINK 2021. Tuwhera Open Access, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/link2021.v2i1.58.

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In the '60s and '70s, a global economic and technological development plan for "undeveloped" countries defined the base of the professionalization process of industrial design in Latin America. Since then, many scholars have revised the industrial design practice and proposed new ways to reinterpret Latin American design according to current perspectives about the context and territory. This research strives on a reflexive educational model based on a socio-technical system's understanding for a mixed craft-industrial design practice with rural communities in Mexico. By combining post and deco
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Ebaugh, Helen Rose, and Dogan Koc. "FUNDING GÜLEN-INSPIRED GOOD WORKS: DEMONSTRATING AND GENERATING COMMITMENT TO THE MOVEMENT." In Muslim World in Transition: Contributions of the Gülen Movement. Leeds Metropolitan University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.55207/mvcf2951.

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The projects sponsored by the Gülen-inspired movement are numerous, international and costly in terms of human and financial capital. Critics of the movement often question the fi- nancing of these initiatives – with some convinced of collusion with Middle Eastern govern- ments, others (within Turkey) suspicious that Western governments are financially backing the projects. Aware of these criticisms, in a recent comment to a group of visiting follow- ers, Fethullah Gülen indicated greater financial transparency must become a priority for the movement. This paper addresses the financing of Güle
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