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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Francis turbine Computational fluid dynamics CFD Turbine design Hydropower / Journal articles

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Journal articles on the topic 'Francis turbine Computational fluid dynamics CFD Turbine design Hydropower'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

Drtina, P., and M. Sallaberger. "Hydraulic turbines—basic principles and state-of-the-art computational fluid dynamics applications." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 213, no. 1 (1999): 85–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954406991522202.

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The present paper discusses the basic principles of hydraulic turbines, with special emphasis on the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) as a tool which is being increasingly applied to gain insight into the complex three-dimensional (3D) phenomena occurring in these types of fluid machinery. The basic fluid mechanics is briefly treated for the three main types of hydraulic turbine: Pelton, Francis and axial turbines. From the vast number of applications where CFD has proven to be an important help to the design engineer, two examples have been chosen for a detailed discussion. The first

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2

Prasad, Nadipuram R., Satish J. Ranade, and Phuc Huu Nguyen. "Low-head hydropower energy resource harvesting: analysis and design of a Venturi turbine." Science and Technology Development Journal 18, no. 3 (2015): 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v18i3.891.

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The paper provides a low-head hydropower energy resource harvester (HyPER) design of 4-blade impeller with a fixed pitch blade angle. Based on a previous site evaluation and maximum power potential estimated without any modifications to the irrigation structure, the proposed objective of exploiting the estimated power will be met from harvester prototypes with portable, compact modular design. This makes assembly easy, uses off-the-shelf components to produce power. Calculations were carried out for designing guidevanes, Venturi tube, impeller blades and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) soft

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3

Wu, Jingchun, Katsumasa Shimmei, Kiyohito Tani, Kazuo Niikura, and Joushirou Sato. "CFD-Based Design Optimization for Hydro Turbines." Journal of Fluids Engineering 129, no. 2 (2006): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2409363.

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A computational fluid dynamics-based design system with the integration of three blade design approaches, automatic mesh generator and CFD codes enables a quick and efficient design optimization of turbine components. It is applied to a Francis turbine rehabilitation project with strict customer requirements to provide over 3% increase in peak efficiency, 13% upgrade in power, and improved cavitation characteristics. Extensive turbulent flow simulations are performed for both the existing and new turbines at design and off design conditions. In order to take into account the interactions betwe

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4

Pettongkam, Wichai, Wirachai Roynarin, and Decha Intholo. "Investigation of a Pico Turgo Turbine for High-Rise Buildings Using Computational Fluid Dynamics." Journal of Sustainable Development 11, no. 1 (2018): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v11n1p112.

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Thailand is a rapidly developing country, and many high-rise buildings are being constructed to satisfy the demands of the increasing populace. The country is located in tropical South East Asia, which means it experiences abundant rainfall during the rainy season. The design of a hydropower system from a waterfall is re-invented in this study using rainwater flowing from the rooftop of a high-rise building to drive a Pico Turgo Turbine. In the building under study, the rooftop is restructured to receive and store 57.6 m3 of rainwater, which is allowed to flow down through a designed pipe of 2

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5

Adhikari, Neeraj, Anup Pandey, Anushka Subedi, and Nitesh Subedi. "Design of Pelton Turbine and Bucket Surface using Non-Uniform Rational Basis Spline and its Analysis with Computational Fluid Dynamics." Journal of the Institute of Engineering 16, no. 1 (2021): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v16i1.36534.

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Hydraulic turbines are used to convert the energy in flowing water to rotational mechanical energy. The design of high head Pelton turbine is difficult due to complex flow pattern on different parts. The basic dimensions can be obtained from interpolation techniques and design trends but the main challenge is to model the hydrodynamic surface. The surface must be designed such that it would harvest energy in an efficient manner and the manufacturing of the surface is also economic and simple. For the design of Pelton turbine, the data from Kulekhani-I hydropower is taken. Pelton turbine is des

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6

Rakibuzzaman, Md, Hyoung-Ho Kim, Kyungwuk Kim, Sang-Ho Suh, and Kyung Kim. "Numerical Study of Sediment Erosion Analysis in Francis Turbine." Sustainability 11, no. 5 (2019): 1423. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11051423.

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Effective hydraulic turbine design prevents sediment and cavitation erosion from impacting the performance and reliability of the machine. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques, this study investigated the performance characteristics of sediment and cavitation erosion on a hydraulic Francis turbine by ANSYS-CFX software. For the erosion rate calculation, the particle trajectory Tabakoff–Grant erosion model was used. To predict the cavitation characteristics, the study’s source term for interphase mass transfer was the Rayleigh–Plesset cavitation model. The experimental data acqui

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7

Prasad, Nadipuram R., Satish J. Ranade, and Phuc Huu Nguyen. "Low-head hydropower energy resource harvesting: design and manufacturing of the (HyPER) harvester." Science and Technology Development Journal 18, no. 3 (2015): 132–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v18i3.894.

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The design and manufacturing of a revolutionary hydropower harvester with characteristics that embrace the ecology and the environment is described. Guided by NEPA standards for environmental protection, the design concept incorporates a modular and self-supporting structure with a vertical-axis turbine-generator system that is: a) fabricated using Fiberglass and Carboncomposites and is light weight, and b) is easy to manufacture and assemble utilizing offthe- shelf electromechanical components and deploy to produce the desired power. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, ANSYS®, is u

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8

Shrestha, Ujjwal, and Young-Do Choi. "A CFD-Based Shape Design Optimization Process of Fixed Flow Passages in a Francis Hydro Turbine." Processes 8, no. 11 (2020): 1392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8111392.

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In recent times, optimization began to be popular in the turbomachinery field. The development of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis and optimization technology provides the opportunity to maximize the performance of hydro turbines. The optimization techniques are focused mainly on the rotating components (runner and guide vane) of the hydro turbines. Meanwhile, fixed flow passages (stay vane, casing, and draft tube) are essential parts for the proper flow uniformity in the hydro turbines. The suppression of flow instabilities in the fixed flow passages is an inevitable process to ens

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9

Noon, Adnan Aslam, and Man-Hoe Kim. "Sediment and Cavitation Erosion in Francis Turbines—Review of Latest Experimental and Numerical Techniques." Energies 14, no. 6 (2021): 1516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14061516.

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Sediment and cavitation erosion of the hydroelectric power turbine components are the fundamental problems in the rivers of Himalayas and Andes. In the present work, the latest research conducted in both the fields by various investigators and researchers are discussed and critically analyzed at different turbine components. Analysis shows that both types of erosion depends on flow characteristics, surface, and erodent material properties. Design optimization tools, coalesced effect (CE) of sediment and cavitation erosion and well conducted experiments will yield results that are beneficial fo

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10

Tiwari, G., V. Prasad, S. N. Shukla, and V. K. Patel. "Hydrodynamic analysis of a low head prototype Francis turbine for establishing an optimum operating regime using CFD." Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences 14, no. 2 (2020): 6625–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/jmes.14.2.2020.07.0519.

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Hydraulic turbines need to operate at regimes other than designed ones. Off-design functioning of these turbines yields an inefficient and uneconomical operation of hydro projects. Performance and energy losses at different possible operating conditions need to be evaluated before finalizing the design of water turbines for satisfactory operations. Moreover, hydraulic turbines are unique machines designed for unique set of operating conditions and cost a huge percentage of the overall cost of the project. This work is compiled with twofold objectives; derivation of complete performance charact

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11

Favrel, Arthur, Nak-joong Lee, Tatsuya Irie, and Kazuyoshi Miyagawa. "Design of Experiments Applied to Francis Turbine Draft Tube to Minimize Pressure Pulsations and Energy Losses in Off-Design Conditions." Energies 14, no. 13 (2021): 3894. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133894.

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This paper proposes an original approach to investigate the influence of the geometry of Francis turbines draft tube on pressure fluctuations and energy losses in off-design conditions. It is based on Design of Experiments (DOE) of the draft tube geometry and steady/unsteady Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of the draft tube internal flow. The test case is a Francis turbine unit of specific speed Ns=120 m-kW which is required to operate continuously in off-design conditions, either with 45% (part-load) or 110% (full-load) of the design flow rate. Nine different draft tube geometr

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12

Unterluggauer, Julian, Anton Maly, and Eduard Doujak. "Investigation on the Impact of Air Admission in a Prototype Francis Turbine at Low-Load Operation." Energies 12, no. 15 (2019): 2893. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12152893.

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Due to significant changes in the energy system, hydraulic turbines are required to operate over a wide power range. In particular, older turbines which are not designed for these environments will suffer under off-design conditions. In order to evaluate whether or not such a turbine could fulfill the new requirements of the energy market, a study about the behavior of a prototype plant in low-load operation is presented. Therefore, prototype site measurements are performed to determine the most damaging operating point by means of acceleration sensors and pressure transducers. Moreover, unste

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13

Guo, Xinran, Huaiyu Cheng, Hao Wang, Yuanchu Cheng, and Mian Sun. "Analysis of the Power Fluctuations Caused by the Unstable Flow in the Trifurcation of Multi-Turbine Diversion Systems with Common Penstock in Hydropower Units." Energies 12, no. 15 (2019): 2941. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12152941.

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Stable operation is a challenge for hydropower stations with multi-turbine hydraulic coupled division systems with a common penstock. In this paper, the serious power fluctuations in a power station with such a division system are analyzed. The fluctuations occur in many conditions without any movement of the regulating system. The mathematical analysis illustrates that pressure fluctuation is responsible for power fluctuations. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method provided by ANSYS is used to study the flow pattern in penstocks. The vortex caused by the irrational structure of trifur

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14

Tong, Zheming, Hao Liu, Jianfeng Ma, et al. "Investigating the Performance of a Super High-head Francis Turbine under Variable Discharge Conditions Using Numerical and Experimental Approach." Energies 13, no. 15 (2020): 3868. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13153868.

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A super high-head Francis turbine with a gross head of nearly 700 m was designed with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation and laboratory tests. Reduced-scale (1:3.7) physical and numerical models of the real-scale prototype were created to investigate the hydraulic performance. According to the CFD analysis, a strong rotor–stator interaction (RSI) between guide vanes and runner blades is observed as a result of the high-speed tangential flow towards runner created by the super high water head as well as the small gaps between the radial blades. At the designed best efficiency point (

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15

Andersson, Anders G., Dan-Erik Lindberg, Elianne M. Lindmark, et al. "A Study of the Location of the Entrance of a Fishway in a Regulated River with CFD and ADCP." Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/327929.

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Simulation-driven design with computational fluid dynamics has been used to evaluate the flow downstream of a hydropower plant with regards to upstream migrating fish. Field measurements with an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler were performed, and the measurements were used to validate the simulations. The measurements indicate a more unstable flow than the simulations, and the tailrace jet from the turbines is stronger in the simulations. A fishway entrance was included in the simulations, and the subsequent attraction water was evaluated for two positions and two angles of the entrance at d

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16

Gupta, Adarsh, Anand Prakash, Girish Kumar Singh, and Harshit Tripathi. "Design of A Micro Hydro Power Plant Based on The Vortex Flow of Water." International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology, May 20, 2021, 420–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.48175/ijarsct-1149.

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This research focuses on the gravitational creation of a water vortex stream, which is a novel technique in hydropower engineering. The water enters a wide straight inlet and then through a vertical conical tube, creating a vortex that exits at the shallow basin's centre floor. The blades of the turbine can spin in the vortex, which generates electricity from a generator. The gravitational vortex turbine is the name for this kind of turbine. The turbine is driven by the vortex's dynamic force rather than the pressure differential. Since no discretization of the flow domain is needed, this stud

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17

Iliev, Igor, Erik Os Tengs, Chirag Trivedi, and Ole Gunnar Dahlhaug. "Optimization of Francis Turbines for Variable Speed Operation Using Surrogate Modeling Approach." Journal of Fluids Engineering 142, no. 10 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4047675.

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Abstract Previous studies suggested variable speed operation (VSO) of Francis turbines as a measure to improve the efficiency at off-design operating conditions. This is, however, strongly dependent on the hydraulic design and, for an existing turbine, improvements can be expected only with a proper redesign of the hydraulic surfaces. Therefore, an optimization algorithm is proposed and applied to the runner of a low specific speed Francis turbine, with an optimization strategy specifically constructed to improve the variable speed performance. In the constrained design space of the reference

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18

Derakhshan, Shahram, and Nemat Kasaeian. "Optimization, Numerical, and Experimental Study of a Propeller Pump as Turbine." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 136, no. 1 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4026312.

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Micro hydropower station is one of the clean choices for offgrid points with available hydropotential. The challenging in this type of energy production is the high capital cost of the installed capacity that is worse for low-head micro hydropower stations. Turbine price is the main problem for this type of energy production. In this research, a simple machine has been introduced instead of conventional propeller turbines. The key is using an axial pump as a propeller turbine. In the present research, a propeller pump was simulated as a turbine by numerical methods. Computational fluid dynamic

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19

Lyutov, A. E., D. V. Chirkov, V. A. Skorospelov, P. A. Turuk, and S. G. Cherny. "Coupled Multipoint Shape Optimization of Runner and Draft Tube of Hydraulic Turbines." Journal of Fluids Engineering 137, no. 11 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4030678.

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This paper suggests a method of simultaneous multi-objective shape optimization of hydraulic turbine runner and draft tube (DT) with the objective to increase turbine efficiency in wide range of operating points (OPs). Runner and DT are the main sources of energy losses in hydraulic turbines. Coupling runner and DT in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis enables correct statement of boundary conditions for efficiency evaluation, while simultaneous variation of these components allows more flexible adjustment of flow passage geometry. Detailed runner parameterization with 28 free geometr

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20

Foroutan, Hosein, and Savas Yavuzkurt. "Unsteady Numerical Simulation of Flow in Draft Tube of a Hydroturbine Operating Under Various Conditions Using a Partially Averaged Navier–Stokes Model." Journal of Fluids Engineering 137, no. 6 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4029632.

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The variable energy demand requires a great flexibility in operating a hydroturbine, which forces the machine to be operated far from its design point. One of the main components of a hydroturbine where undesirable flow phenomena occur under off-design conditions is the draft tube. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the present paper studies the flow in the draft tube of a Francis turbine operating under various conditions. Specifically, four operating points with the same head and different flow rates corresponding to 70%, 91%, 99%, and 110% of the flow rate at the best efficiency poin

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