Academic literature on the topic 'Frankel Scale'
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Journal articles on the topic "Frankel Scale"
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Günerhan, Göksal, Emin Çağıl, Denizhan Divanlıoğlu, et al. "Comparison of Frankel Scale with Apache-II Scale in the Prediction of Early Stage Mortality of Cervical Spinal Cord Injury." Inspiring Technologies and Innovations 1, no. 2 (2022): 63–68. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7479951.
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Cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) is a devastating event that can cause not only motor and sensory impairments but also autonomic dysfunction. Functional and morphological changes in the autonomic nervous system can also affect the respiratory, cardiovascular, renal and gastrointestinal systems. In our study, APACHE-II and Frankel Scale were used. The revised acute physiology and chronic health assessment system (APACHE-II) is a physiologically-based scale that includes 12 physiological parameters. The Frankel Scale was developed in 1969 by Dr. Frankel and is considered to be the pioneer of the ASIA scale for staging of Spinal Cord Injury. In this study, 47 patients who had cervical spinal cord injury between 2016 and 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were treated within 24 hours of their admission to the emergency department. Each patients APACHE-II and Frankel scores were measured and analyzed with SPSS in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and mortality prediction. Cervical spinal cord injury is a devastating event that can cause not only motor and sensory impairments, but also autonomic dysfunction. Functional and morphological changes in the sympathetic nervous system can also affect the respiratory, cardiovascular, renal, hematological and gastrointestinal systems. These systems can be affected more than lower level spinal traumas. Therefore, patients with cervical spinal cord injury were evaluated according to both Frankel and APACHE-II classification systems in terms of mortality prediction.
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Bangash, Madeeha, Fatimah Shiraz, Laila Mustafa, Nabhan Zakir, Gulandama Alam Khan, and Ammara Sami. "EFFECTIVENESS OF PARENTAL PRESENCE/ABSENCE TECHNIQUE AS A BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUE IN PAEDIATRIC DENTSTRY." Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 70, no. 6 (2020): 1853–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v70i6.4866.
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Objective: To assess the deliberate use of a parental presence/absence (PPA) intervention as a behaviormanagement technique to manage uncooperative children as well as its association with age.
 Study Design: Cross sectional study.
 Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted at department of Paediatric dentistry, Rehman College ofDentistry, Peshawar, from Jan to Apr 2019.
 Methodology: Practice patient records were examined over a period of 3 months, during which Frankel behavior ratings were made for each patient. About 2 to 14 years olds were included in the study who had no previous dental treatment, accompanying by their parents. Sixty one children were selected out of 200 who showed uncooperative behavior Frankl 1 and Frankel 2. Their parents were asked to step out of the operatory until the patient become cooperative.
 Result: The study included 61 children out of 200 who showed uncooperative behavior according to Frankel‟sbehavior rating scale. The result showed significance in age group 4-6year, kinder garden (p=0.035).
 Conclusion: The Parental Presence/Absence technique (PPA) can be successfully used in gaining the cooperation of children displaying negative behavior aged 4-6, thus minimizing the need for other more aversive Behavior management techniques (BMT‟s).
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Jankovic, Dragan, Darius Kalasauskas, Ahmed Othman, et al. "Predictors of Neurological Worsening after Resection of Spinal Meningiomas." Cancers 15, no. 22 (2023): 5408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15225408.
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Background: Due to the slow-growing nature of spinal meningiomas, they are mostly asymptomatic for a long time, and become symptomatic after the compression of the spinal cord or nerve roots. The aim of this study was to identify predictors for a poor clinical outcome after the surgical resection of spinal meningiomas and thereby to allow a preoperative identification of high-risk spinal meningiomas. Methods: Data acquisition was conducted as a single-center retrospective analysis. From 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2019, 121 patients who underwent surgical resection of a spinal meningioma were reviewed. Clinical and radiological data (such as tumor size, location, occupation ratio of the spinal canal, and the degree of spinal cord compression) were assessed. The functional clinical findings of the patients were recorded using the Karnofsky Performance Score, modified McCormick scale, and Frankel scale preoperatively, at discharge, and 3–6 months after surgery. Results: The mean patient age was 66 ± 13 years. A total of 104 (86%) patients were female and 17 (14%) were male. The thoracic spine (68%) was the most common location, followed by the cervical (29%) and lumbar (3%) spine. Preoperatively, 11.7% of patients were categorized as McCormick 1, 35.8% as 2, 39.2% as 3, 11.7% as 4, and 1.7% as 5. The neurological function of the patients with a functional deficit prior to surgery improved in 46% of the patients, remained unchanged in 52%, and worsened in 2% at discharge. At early follow-up, the proportions were 54%, 28%, and 5%, respectively. Preoperative Frankel scale was a significant predictor of a postoperative deterioration. Patients with Frankel score A to C preoperatively had a 9.2 times higher chance of clinical deterioration postoperatively (OR = 9.16). We found that the Frankel scale weakly correlated with the degree of spinal cord compression. In this study, other radiological parameters, such as the degree of cord compression and spinal canal occupation ratio, did not show a significant effect on the outcome. Conclusions: Surgery of intraspinal meningiomas can be considered safe. Neurological function improves in a large proportion of patients after surgery. However, a relevant preoperative deficit according to the Frankel scale (grade A–C) was a significant predictor of a postoperative neurological deterioration.
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DUMITRASCU, Andreea, Ioana ANDONE, Aura SPÎNU, et al. "A complex case of neuro-muscular rehabilitation with favorable evolution, in a patient with incomplete tetraplegia post cervical and thoracic spinal cord injury - surgically treated, in a politraumatic context, by car accident." Balneo Research Journal, Vol.11, no.4 (December 5, 2020): 524–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.12680/balneo.2020.393.
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Introduction: Spinal cord injuries (SCI) are major conditions that usually determine severe and permanent dysfunctions, or even important loss of basic functions, generating severe or rather permanent sequels. They can have important chronic consequences such as: tetraplegia or paraplegia.(1). Materials and Methods: This paper presents the case of a young 19-year-old patient who suffered in March 2019, a car accident (passenger) with spinal cord injury (SCI) at cervical and thoracic level in a politraumatic context, hospitalized at the Neurosurgery Clinic (NS) II of TEHBA in a severe condition, for complete AIS/Frankel A tetraplegia, with a C7 fracture, T3, T4, T5 cominutive fractures with fragments in the medullary channel, minor traumatic brain injury, multiple costal fractures, abdominal trauma and respiratory failure. When the patient became hemodynamic and respiratory stable it was decided a neuro-surgical intervention, initially at cervical level through an anterior approach, with mixed osteo-sinthesis and C7 discectomy. Because of the spine instability, thoracic surgical treatment was delayed with 11 days, when he suffers a neurosurgery for medullary decompression, drainage and stabilization of the spine. In our clinical division, the patient was admitted with an incomplete AIS/Frankel B tetraplegia and initially followed a rehabilitation nursing program and subsequently continued with a recovery therapy according to clinical stages. The patient was assessed functionally using the following scales: AIS/Frankel, modified Ashworth, Functional Independence Measure (FIM), Life Quality Assessment (QOL), FAC International Scale, Independence Assessment Scale in Daily Activities (ADL / IADL), Walking Scale for Spinal Cord Injury (WISCI). Results: The patient benefited from a complex neuro-muscular rehabilitation program, having a favorable evolution, with an increase in the evaluated scales scores – passing from AIS/Frankel B classification to a severe AIS/Frankel C stage, and thus, at the moment he is performing walking on short distances, through parallel bars, with long left leg orthosis and support from another person. It was tried a sphincter re-education, but, after urologic examination, because of the important spasticity in the lower limbs and of the urinary catheterization discomfort, it was decided that for a while the patient to remain with fixed urinary catheterization. Conclusions: Even if there is still no cure for SCI sequels, the accurate clinical-functional evaluation, the neurosurgical prompt therapeutic approach, adding complex nursing measures, personalized rehabilitative and kinetotherapy programs, in a young patient with SCI by car accident, determined neuro-locomotor improvements with an increase in patient’s quality of life.(1),(2). Keywords: spinal cord injuries, tetraplegia, traumatism, rehabilitation,
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Abboud, Hilal, Idris Ziani, Adyl Melhaoui, Yasser Arkha, and Abdessamad Elouahabi. "Traumatic cervical spine injury: Short-and medium-term prognostic factors in 102 patients." Surgical Neurology International 11 (February 7, 2020): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/sni_593_2019.
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Background: Traumatic cervical spine injuries (CSIs) can be defined as osteodiscoligamentous lesions and are frequent in the young and active population. These lesions are often associated with significant devastating neurological deficits. Here, we sought to establish short-and medium-term prognostic factors that could help predict future outcomes. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 102 adults admitted for traumatic CSI over an 11-year period (January 2004–December 2014). Patients were graded using Frankel scale as exhibiting good or poor outcomes. Results: Two risk factors that significantly predicted results for CSI included original poor Frankel grades (e.g., A and B) and initial neurovegetative disorders (e.g., respectively, P = 0.019 and P = 0.001). However, we did not anticipate that two other risk factors, operative delay and mechanism of trauma, would not significantly adversely impact outcomes. Conclusion: Here, we identified two significant risk factors for predicting poor outcomes following CSI; poor initial Frankel Grades A and B and neurovegetative disorders at the time of original presentation.
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Shaposhnikov, A. A., A. V. Lazukin, A. P. Ukhvarkin, S. V. Dobrosotsky, I. D. Lagkueva, and V. V. Teplyakov. "Variety and results of the use of interventional oncoortopedic benefits for focal skeletal lesions." Bone and soft tissue sarcomas, tumors of the skin 16, no. 4 (2025): 65–79. https://doi.org/10.17650/2219-4614-2024-16-4-65-79.
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Introduction. The use of systemic drugs of special drug therapy in oncology is one of the key methods of treating patients including those with bone metastases. However, this does not always allow to eliminate the pain syndrome and avoid complications in the form of pathological fractures. Bone metastases often leave in the arsenal of oncologists’ mainly palliative agents, the main purpose of which is to reduce pain and improve the quality of life of patients.Aim. To analyze the results of minimally invasive interventions in the volume of percutaneous vertebroplasty, osteoplasty and radiofrequency thermoablation.Materials and methods. From 2015 to 2023, 488 patients on the basis of the Russian Scientific Center of Radioradiology underwent 716 interventional surgeries: 585 (81.7 %) percutaneous vertebroplastics, 103 (14.4 %) osteoplastics, 21 (2.9 %) radiofrequency thermoablasias, 7 (1 %) combined operations (radiofrequency thermoablasty + osteoplasty/vertebroplasty). Metastatic lesion was observed in 449 patients, benign tumors – in 38 (in 31 – hemangioma, in 7 – osteoid osteoma), borderline neoplasm (giant cell tumor) – in 1. Results were assessed by comparing measures of pain intensity in dependence on analgesic agents (by the visual analog scale (VAS) and Watkins scale), as well as motor activity levels (by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG)) and neurological deficits (by the Frankel scale) before surgery, at the time of discharge and 3 months after surgery.Results. In patients with metastatic bone damage 3 months after surgery, a mean decrease in the intensity of pain syndrome according to VAS was noted from 5.8 to 3.2 points, on the Watkins scale - from 7.2 to 5.7 points; ECOG functional status increased from 2.5 to 1.5 points. In 67 % of patients with neurological deficiency (class D by the Frankel scale), an increase in neurological status (class E by the Frankel scale) was observed. In all patients treated for osteoid osteoma, pain relief and restoration of functional status (0 points by the VAS and ECOG scales) were noted by the 6th month of follow-up.Conclusion. According to the data obtained, the high effectiveness of the analgesic effect of interventional methods in patients with metastatic bone damage was noted. The use of vertebro- and osteoplasty allows to stabilize the affected segment of the skeleton (improve functional status and motor activity), and radiofrequency thermoablation – to achieve radicality of treatment in patients with osteoid osteoma.
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Udeorah, Sylveste Favor, Chukwuemeka Amaefule, and Sampson E. Iwuoha. "Trade and Climate Variability in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND MANAGEMENT RESEARCH 9, no. 7 (2023): 46–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.56201/ijssmr.v9.no7.2023.pg46.73.
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The study examined whether trade causes climate variability in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). Specifically, it investigated the impact of trade (% GDP) on climate variability indicators such as CO2, N2O, and PM2.5. The study followed Frankel debate on environment effect of trade with modification on the N2O variable rather than the SO2 used in Frankel (2003). The study employed random effect regression on data collected from World Bank indicators from 2010-2021. The study found that trade in ECOWAS cause climate variability (CO2, N2O). However, the trade effect on PM2.5 shows a decreasing relationship. The study observed scale, income and composition effect of growth on the time- varying behaviour of climate in the ECOWAS. Thus, the EKC theory was found to be present in ECOWAS. Thus, an appropriate carbon tax laws would help prevent cross border trade on dirty goods and carbon leakages associated with lax environmental control.
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Kit, O. I., D. E. Zakondyrin, E. E. Rostorguev, V. E. Rostorguev, and A. A. Maslov. "Experience in surgical treatment of vertebral metastatic tumors of craniovertebral localization." South Russian Journal of Cancer 4, no. 3 (2023): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37748/10.37748/2686-9039-2023-4-3-1.
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Purpose of the study. Elaboration of a surgical technique to manage patients with metastatic lesions of the craniovertebral region.Patients and methods. The study included 7 patients with metastatic lesions of the craniovertebral region, who’ve been operated on for severe instability, pain syndrome, neurological deficit in the period from 01/01/2014 to 09/30/2022. To assess the neurological status and patients’ condition the Frankel and Karnofsky scales were used on the day of admission and discharge of the patients from the hospital. Pain intensity was assessed using a visual analog pain scale (VAS). To assess instability in the affected spinal motion segment the SINS scale was used. All patients underwent palliative surgical treatment in the amount of occipitospondylodesis with a biopsy of the neoplasm from the posterior approach.Results. The average age of patients was 60 [44; 66] years. All patients had a marked pain syndrome prior to the surgery. The average pain intensity according to the visual analog pain scale was 8 points. In the preoperative period, 6 (85 %) patients on the Frankel scale were assigned to group E, 1 (14 %) – to group C. In 6 (85 %) patients there was no dynamics in the neurological status following the surgery, however according to the Karnofsky scale there was an improvement up to 10 points due to the regression of the pain syndrome down to 1 point on the visual analog scale. Hemiparesis developed in 1 (14 %) patient due to malposition of the laminar hook in the postoperative period. The average duration of surgical interventions made up 337.5 [315; 345] min, the average intraoperative blood loss made up 300 [300; 800] ml. In 6 out of 7 patients (85 %) there was no neurological status dynamics after the surgery, and according to the Karnofsky scale an improvement up to 10 points was noted due to regression of the pain syndrome to an average value of 1 [1; 2] VAS score. Conclusion. The obtained results indicate the clinical application possibilities of minimally traumatic surgical technologies for the treatment of craniovertebral zone metastatic tumors.
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Kit, O. I., D. E. Zakondyrin, E. E. Rostorguev, V. E. Rostorguev, and A. A. Maslov. "Experience in surgical treatment of vertebral metastatic tumors of craniovertebral localization." South Russian Journal of Cancer 4, no. 3 (2023): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37748/2686-9039-2023-4-3-1.
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Purpose of the study. Elaboration of a surgical technique to manage patients with metastatic lesions of the craniovertebral region.Patients and methods. The study included 7 patients with metastatic lesions of the craniovertebral region, who’ve been operated on for severe instability, pain syndrome, neurological deficit in the period from 01/01/2014 to 09/30/2022. To assess the neurological status and patients’ condition the Frankel and Karnofsky scales were used on the day of admission and discharge of the patients from the hospital. Pain intensity was assessed using a visual analog pain scale (VAS). To assess instability in the affected spinal motion segment the SINS scale was used. All patients underwent palliative surgical treatment in the amount of occipitospondylodesis with a biopsy of the neoplasm from the posterior approach.Results. The average age of patients was 60 [44; 66] years. All patients had a marked pain syndrome prior to the surgery. The average pain intensity according to the visual analog pain scale was 8 points. In the preoperative period, 6 (85 %) patients on the Frankel scale were assigned to group E, 1 (14 %) – to group C. In 6 (85 %) patients there was no dynamics in the neurological status following the surgery, however according to the Karnofsky scale there was an improvement up to 10 points due to the regression of the pain syndrome down to 1 point on the visual analog scale. Hemiparesis developed in 1 (14 %) patient due to malposition of the laminar hook in the postoperative period. The average duration of surgical interventions made up 337.5 [315; 345] min, the average intraoperative blood loss made up 300 [300; 800] ml. In 6 out of 7 patients (85 %) there was no neurological status dynamics after the surgery, and according to the Karnofsky scale an improvement up to 10 points was noted due to regression of the pain syndrome to an average value of 1 [1; 2] VAS score. Conclusion. The obtained results indicate the clinical application possibilities of minimally traumatic surgical technologies for the treatment of craniovertebral zone metastatic tumors.
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Awwal, MA, Najmus Sakeb, Sheikh Forhad, Irfanul Huq Siddiqui, and Md Shamsul Alam. "Results Of Excision Of Dorsal Spinal Meningioma With Severe Neuro Deficits." Journal of Chittagong Medical College Teachers' Association 24, no. 2 (2014): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jcmcta.v24i2.60209.
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Although being a slow growing tumor, spinal meningiomas are often diagnosed late and presents with features of significant cord compression that essentially warrants surgical management. To assess the clinical and functional outcome of excision of dorsal spinal meningioma. Within the period of July 2003 to June 2012, retrospective review of the records of 23 patients (Male:07, Female:26, age range, 34-68 years) with postoperative histological confirmation of meningioma were evaluated. Pre- and postoperative neurological state was classified according to the Frankel scale and functional outcome was assessed according to Levy Score. Chi-squared test and z-test was used for statistical analysis using SPSS. The mean age was 48.30=03.50 years with significant female predominance. The posterior and posterolateral position was significant causing significant neuro-deficit. Satisfactory surgical results were achieved in 78.90% cases (Levy Score) and 82.82% cases (Frankel grading). Surgical resection of spinal meningiomas is a safe and effective procedure even with severe neurological deficits.
 JCMCTA 2013 ; 24 (2): 14-18
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Frankel Scale"
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Giemza, Joanna. "Fine-scale genetic population structure in France." Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT1007/document.
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La structure génétique à fine échelle des populations humaines est intéressante pour deux raisons principales : 1) elle reflète des événements historiques et démographiques, 2) elle informe la recherche sur les études d’association de maladies. Cette thèse a pour objectif de procéder à une analyse approfondie de la structure génétique de la population de France métropolitaine dans un premier temps, en de façon plus détaillée de la population du nord-ouest de la France, et de mettre en lumière les événements historiques, démographiques et culturels qui l’ont façonnés, en tirant parti de trois jeux de données (SU.VI.MAX/3C et PREGO). Au niveau de la France, nous rapportons la corrélation entre les données génétiques et les lieux de naissance d’individus appartenant à deux cohortes françaises indépendantes (1 414 et 770 individus) et identifions six groupes, concordants entre les jeux de données. La deuxième étude tire parti de la cohorte PREGO, qui comprend 3 234 personnes ayant trois générations d’ascendance liée à des régions spécifiques du nord-ouest de la France. Je révèle une structure à fine échelle à un niveau sans précédent (154 sous-populations).historique de la France et des explications potentielles de la prévalence de différentes maladies dans cette région du nord-ouest. Dans l’ensemble, mes travaux de thèse indiquent des niveaux substantiels de stratification de la population dans une région géographiquement limitée, probablement en raison de différents antécédents démographiques dans la région<br>Fine-scale genetic structure in human populations is interesting for two main reasons: 1), it reflects historical and demographic events, 2) it informs research on disease association studies. This thesis aims to perform a thorough analysis of the genetic structure of the population from continental France, in particular Northwestern France, and shed light on the historical, demographic and cultural events that have shaped it, by taking advantage of three genome-wide datasets (SU.VI.MAX/3C and PREGO) At the country level we report the correlation between genetic data and birthplaces of individuals in two independent French cohorts (1,414 and 770 individuals in SU.VI.MAX and 3C, respectively) and identify six clusters, concordant between datasets, and may correspond to ancient political, cultural and geographical borders. The second study takes advantage of the PREGO cohort including 3,234 individuals with three generations of ancestry linked to specific regions of Northwestern France and reveals fine-scale structure at an unprecedented level (154 subpopulations). The resulting genetic clusters and the characterisation of their effective population size and ancestry proportions compared to other European groups provide important and novel insights into the historical peopling of France and potential explanations for different disease prevalence within this northwestern region. Overall, my thesis work indicate substantial levels of population stratification within a geographically limited region likely caused by different demographic histories across the region
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Roncière, Mina. "Addressing a large-scale implementation of low-emission zones in France." Thesis, KTH, Systemanalys och ekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-287276.
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Air pollution is a public health issue, and traffic is one of the main sources of pollutants such as NO2, PM10 and PM2.5. Consequently, European cities have been implementing low-emission zones (LEZs) by defining regulated areas, where the most-polluting vehicles are prohibited from driving. Such measure has been proven to mostly accelerate local fleet renewal rates, thus decreasing emissions and overall pollutant concentrations, provided that restrictions were strict enough. The 2019 mobility-orientation law in France made mandatory for some territories to set up action plans for tackling air pollution issues. With only four currently implemented LEZs in France, feedback from similar territories within the country may be lacking for decision-makers. The goal of this thesis was therefore to aggregate past experiences of already-implemented LEZs in Europe in order to provide recommendations for a large-scale implementation of such policy in France. Relevant city-specific indicators were identified, and K-Means clustering was implemented in order to classify European cities currently implementing LEZs. Such typology was applied to French territories that may face an obligation to implement a LEZ. Recommendations regarding the most relevant strategies were thus formulated. Four city archetypes were identified – public transport metropoles, cycling cities, car-oriented cities, and walkable-impoverished cities. LEZ strategies applied in Berlin, Brussels and Lisbon were respectively the identified best practices associated with the first three clusters. Moreover, out of the 263 French territories targeted in the mobility-orientation law, 54 of them were classified according to the developed typology. More specifically, the majority of them fell into the car-oriented archetype and 20 agglomerations could hence reasonably adapt the Lisbon strategy to their local specificities. Six territories at the outskirts of Paris, associated with public transport metropoles, could also investigate how the current Greater Paris LEZ affect their inhabitants. This thesis is the first to propose a typology tailored for LEZ evaluation. By incorporating modal shares within the classification indicators, potential synergies between LEZs and existing transportation networks were highlighted. Additionally, this thesis shows that future research should focus on investigating impacts of LEZs on traveling patterns and mode choices (vehicle purchases, modal shifts, etc.). This would help future ex-ante evaluations to better calibrate hypotheses regarding direct effects of LEZs.
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Welsh, Katharine Elizabeth. "Modelling basin-scale sediment dynamics in the Petit lac d'Annecy catchment, France." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.533908.
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This research describes the testing, development and application of an established hydro-geomorphic numerical model (CAESAR) over different time scales (170-2000 years) to simulate at hourly time resolution, the changes in the hydrological and sediment regime of the Petit lac d’Annecy catchment in response to changes in system drivers. Two thousand year long model runs in five different morphological settings were simulated, the results suggest that intrinsic system behaviour such as storage-release, hillslope-channel coupling and supply-capacity relationships may well exert larger controls on sediment discharge patterns over this timescale than climate or land use drivers. Hypothetical scenarios to investigate the geomorphic implications of a snow-free pre-alpine region over the last 2000 years show that there would be around 1.4 times more sediment discharge, with the annual hydrological regime radically altered with increased flooding throughout the year, particularly in winter months and a lack of a sustained discharge peak in the ‘melt’ months. This has implications for the projected environmental changes over the coming decades. The simulated effects of increased precipitation, reduced forest cover and snow-free conditions, in combination, point to increased amounts of coarse sediment discharge within the channels. Broad estimations show that a 20% reduction in forest cover or snow-free conditions can result in an additional 1m of sediment moving through the system and accumulating in the lake with potentially large impacts on flooding, in-channel fauna, benthic-dwelling lake fauna, aquatic macrophysics and water quality and water availability for storage and local power generation.
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Xiao, Ying. "Mining crop sequence patterns at a large regional scale : A case from mainland France." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0122/document.
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L’objectif principal de cette thèse est d’instruire l’organisation des successions culturales, à l’échelle de la France et sur un recul décennal, tant en terme de cinétiques localisées qu’en terme de dynamiques liées à des variables explicatives du milieu physique et socio-technico-économiques. Ce travail de « fouille de données » est appliqué en France métropolitaine, en utilisant les bases de données publiques disponibles. Notre étude couvre la période 1992-2003 où s’implémenta la réforme de 1992 de la Politique Agricole Commune européenne et l’agenda 2000 en France. A partir d’une fouille de données sur l’ensemble des points Terruti sur cette période, 2549 successions culturales de trois ans furent identifiées. Ensuite, 21 clusters de l’ensemble des 430 régions agricoles (RA) françaises, quatre systèmes de culture, 90 RA, parangons des 430 RA, et trois régions principales appartenant à cinq des 21 clusters, regroupant les cultures de céréales, oléagineux et protéagineux, ont été définis. Deux approches de cinétiques des successions ont été réalisées : Une étude envisageant les successions de culture qui suivent les retournements de prairies permanentes. Une recherche des dynamiques d’évolution de successions culturales en lien avec des conditions externes. Nous proposons une utilisation ultérieure des méthodes mobilisées qui ont montré leur capacité à cartographier les grandes tendances d’évolution en France et à identifier les principales variables explicatives de ces évolutions. Les apports de cette thèse contribuent à améliorer notre compréhension des processus qui organisent les successions culturales en France et construisent par ces pratiques agricoles très dynamiques des impacts forts sur le territoire agricole français<br>In the context of changing agricultural policy, the development of agricultural production systems, increasing concern for agricultural sustainability and shifts in agricultural land management practice-related land-use change, the main objective of this thesis was to mine crop sequence patterns (CSP) and the relationships between CSP and the biophysical and socio-technical-economic conditions in mainland France from historical census data (e.g. land-cover survey, agricultural censuses, population census). Our study period 1992-2003 covers the implementation period of the 1992 European Union Common Agricultural Policy reform and Agenda 2000 in France. Both the classical statistical and data mining technique were applied in alone or combined ways in this thesis. First, we proposed an innovative approach to representing CSP within a given area and period at a large regional scale in a stationary way. The 2549 3-year crop sequences (CSs) were first identified as major CSs within all 430 agricultural districts (ADs) in mainland France during this period. Next, 21 clusters of ADs , four types of cropping systems, 90 representative ADs and three principal planting zones of cereals, oilseeds, and protein crops belonging to five clusters identified previously were further defined. We then explored CSP in a dynamic way by investigating CSP after grassland-to-cropland conversion, the temporal variability of CSP, and the evolution of the relationships between CSP and the external conditions over the study period. We conclude that the approaches developed here permit the representation of CSP at the large regional scale in both stationary and dynamic ways using time series land-cover data denoting specific agricultural cover types. The findings of this thesis contribute to improving the understanding of the process and pattern of human land management practices by agriculture affecting the terrestrial biosphere
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Clarke, Smantha. "Multi-scale and upscale interaction of mesoscale convective systems in the United Kingdom and France." Thesis, University of Reading, 2018. http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/77951/.
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Mesoscale convective systems (MCS) are difficult to forecast due to their inherent unpredictability and small scale. Here the impact of model resolution on MCS structure and downstream forecast evolution are determined. Four case analyses of European MCSs using output from a 12-km grid-spacing model reveal a consistent potential vorticity (PV) structure with a positive PV anomaly in the mid troposphere (5 PVU) and negative PV anomalies above and to either side of it (-1 PVU). Convection-permitting models produce stronger MCS PV anomalies than convection-parametrizing models in a case study from July 2012. These differences persist after coarse graining to 100-km grid spacing and are largest in the upper troposphere. The effect of poor representation of MCSs on forecasts is investigated by adding MCS perturbations, calculated as differences from coarse-grained convection-permitting (4.4- km grid spacing) model output, to convection-parametrizing (25-km grid spacing) deterministic and six-member ensemble (with operational initial condition perturbations) model forecasts. Upper-level MCS perturbations have more impact than those at middle levels, though using all levels yields the greatest impact. For the first 30 hours differences grow on the convective scale related to the MCS and a developing UK cyclone, despite perturbation damping. Subsequently, differences grow rapidly onto the synoptic-scale and by five days impact the entire northern hemisphere. The MCS perturbations systematically affect the ensemble forecasts though the differences are smaller than those generated by the initial condition perturbations. MCS perturbations slow the eastward movement of Rossby waves due to ridge amplification. A downstream cyclone deepens by up to 3 hPa after five days and forecast errors (compared to analysis) in mean-sealevel pressure are reduced in most members (by up to 2%). Thus, perturbing convection-parametrizing models to include PV anomalies associated with MCSs produces alternative realisations to those generated by initial condition perturbations and so could be useful operationally.
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Dar, Shahida. "TeV scale leptogenesis, primordial monopoles, and supersymmetry at LHC." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 129 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1601522291&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Collins, Alexander David. "Mass magnified : the large missal in England and France, c.1350-c.1450." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25676.
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The eleven illuminated missals at the core of this thesis share a distinctive scale that sets them apart from the majority of other decorated missals. Their scale was a key factor in the visual and ritual experiences they offered their patrons and their earliest users. Missals made in the later fourteenth century and the early fifteenth century included some of the physically largest examples of this genre of book ever made. Containing the text of the late medieval Mass, and read by its priest during the ritual’s performance, they were essential components of the ritual that resulted in the physical embodiment of Christ in the Eucharist. Large missals were a distinctive variation of the Mass book. However, existing scholarship has not offered sufficient reasons for a wide-ranging phenomenon of large missal patronage and manufacture. This thesis argues that the scale of these books was a central rhetorical device that magnified their significance and reception. At the heart of this adoption of the large-scale format was the aggrandisement of the Mass itself, reaffirming its place as the central rite of the Christian Church and contemporary devotions about the ritual. Study of these eleven manuscripts suggests that their exceptional size and the treatment of their interior designs supporting their visuality were issues for this particular period. Explanations for the adoption of large Mass books are given by examining their visibility in the Mass, as part of what is termed here the ‘altarscape’. Having established this, this thesis offers reasons for why patrons and clerics used a cumbersome large format for the text of the ritual. The missals unmistakeably reasserted orthodox values in the face of challenges to conventional understanding of the Eucharist from those holding non-conforming views. Simultaneously, the emphasis on expanded proportions arguably reflects contemporary practices of commemoration where being remembered was an essential part of dying well. And finally, the interior and exterior scale of these books was used for new devotional themes, including the Virgin.
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Rietjens, Maud. "Simplified method to investigate the modules positioning impact on large-scale PV plant performances in Northwest France." Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-246113.
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Modules modalities (landscape or portrait mounting) affect the losses related to partial shading by changing the internal circuital modules orientation. This partial shading is responsible up to 25% of output production losses in large-scale ground-mounted photovoltaic power plants (Mao, Sunan, Peng, Yanlong, & Weiping, 2017). Previous studies succeed in demonstrating, modelling and analyzing the link between module modalities and technical performance losses, putting the emphasis on the electrical effect. Nonetheless, the complexity of the non-linear behavior of modules under partial shading conditions limits detailed studies in reducing studied arrays sizes, neglecting some technical and economic issues of PV project development. Using a dynamic simulation model on PVsyst, this study proposes a simplified method to analyze the social, technical and economic impact of the positioning of modules on a French large-scale ground-mounted PV plant with fixed-mounting structures through a case study. Three positionings are studied: 2 portrait modules, 4 landscape modules and 6 landscape modules. This study provides the following contributions: (i) integrate geometric considerations related to modules orientation (ii) analyze modules positioning impact under different Ground Coverage Ratios and modules interconnections at the scale of a photovoltaic power plant (iii) translate the impact of modules positioning into socio-economic indicators (LCOE, NPV, IRR).<br>Modulpositionering (landskaps- eller porträttmontering) påverkar förlusterna i samband med partiell skuggning, vilket svarar för upp till 25% av produktionstabellerna i storskaliga fotovoltaiska kraftverk (Mao, Sunan, Peng, Yanlong & Weiping, 2017). Tidigare studier lyckas demonstrera, modellera och analysera länken mellan modulmodaliteter och tekniska prestandaförluster, vilket understryker den elektriska effekten. Inte desto mindre begränsar komplexiteten hos modulernas icke-linjära beteende under partiella skuggningsförhållanden detaljerade studier för att minska de studerade storlekarna för storleken, försumma de tekniska och ekonomiska realiteterna för PV-projektutveckling. Med en dynamisk simuleringsmodell som approximeras på PVsyst, föreslår denna studie metod för att analysera de sociala, tekniska och ekonomiska konsekvenserna av positionering av moduler på en fransk storskalig jordmonterad PV-anläggning genom en fallstudie. Tre modaliteter studeras: 2 porträttmoduler, 4 landskapsmoduler och 6 landskapsmoduler. Denna studie ger följande bidrag: (i) integrera geometriska överväganden relaterade till modulorientering (ii) analysera moduler positioneringspåverkan under olika markdäckningsförhållanden och moduler sammankopplingar i en fotovoltaisk kraftverks skala (iii) översätta inverkan av modulpositionering i socioekonomiska indikatorer (LCOE, NPV, IRR).
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Hortobágyi, Borbála. "Multi-scale interactions between riparian vegetation and hydrogeomorphic processes (the lower Allier River)." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAL001/document.
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Dans les écosystèmes, tels que les rivières, les marais salés, les mangroves, les dunes côtières, qui sont exposés à des flux hydrogéomorphologiques fréquents et réguliers (c’est-à-dire à des perturbations physiques), des rétroactions se mettent en place entre la géomorphologie (eau, sédiments et formes fluviales) et les plantes (par exemple Populus nigra L., Salix alba L., Salix purpurea L. dans les rivières). L’établissement de la végétation est contrôlé par des processus hydrogéomorphologiques qui, en retour, sont modulés par la végétation. De telles rétroactions contrôlent la dynamique des écosystèmes riverains. Dans cette thèse, nous avons abordé deux questions principales afin de mieux comprendre les rétroactions entre la végétation riveraine et les processus hydrogéomorphologiques : (i) comment la végétation riveraine répond-elle aux contraintes hydrogéomorphologiques ? (ii) comment et dans quelle mesure les plantes ingénieures, une fois établies, affectent-elles la géomorphologie fluviale ? Nous avons étudié ces questions sur la rivière Allier (France) à travers une approche emboîtée multi-échelles allant de l’échelle du patron paysager au trait de plante. Nous avons testé l’applicabilité de la méthode de photogrammétrie pour quantifier la réponse et l’effet de la végétation riveraine et des rétroactions biogéomorphologiques à différentes échelles spatio-temporelles (corridor, banc alluvial et individu). À l’échelle du corridor, nous avons recherché la signature topographique de la végétation riveraine dans le paysage, en utilisant des données photogrammétriques et LiDAR. À l’échelle intermédiaire du banc alluvial, nous avons étudié l’aptitude des trois espèces pionnières dominantes riveraines de Salicaceae (P. nigra, S. purpurea, S. alba) à s’établir et à agir comme ingénieurs d’écosystème en piégeant les sédiments fins. À l’échelle la plus fine du trait de plante, nous avons quantifié la relation existante entre les attributs de trait de réponse des jeunes plantes de P. nigra et leur exposition à trois niveaux différents de stress mécanique (tête de banc fortement exposée, queue de banc moins exposée, chute alluviale). Nous avons identifié les difficultés et les erreurs à ne pas commettre pour appliquer correctement la photogrammétrie dans les études des rétroactions biogéomorphologiques. En tout état de cause, la photogrammétrie s’est avérée être un outil performant pour quantifier un ensemble de paramètres pertinents pour répondre à des questions de recherche fondamentale aux trois échelles spatiales considérées. À l’échelle la plus large, la signature topographique de la végétation est particulièrement difficile à identifier en raison de la dynamique complexe des formes fluviales de la rivière Allier. Cependant, en concentrant les observations sur des zones de taille réduite et fortement connectées (bancs alluviaux bordant le chenal), la signature de la végétation a pu être identifiée par cette méthode. Elle semble augmenter avec la croissance de la hauteur végétale (progression temporelle de la succession biogéomorphologique), ce qui est en accord avec le modèle de succession biogéomorphologique fluviale (SBF). À l’échelle intermédiaire du banc alluvial, les rétroactions biogéomorphologiques pouvaient être bien identifiées. La capacité des plantes riveraines à s’établir et à agir comme ingénieurs d’écosystème dépend à la fois des espèces et de leur physionomie, de leur âge et de leur position respective sur les bancs alluviaux. À l’échelle la plus fine de l’individu, nous avons capturé la réponse morphologique et biomécanique contrastée de P. nigra à l’exposition aux différents niveaux de contrainte mécanique d’un point de vue de trait. Dans tous les niveaux hiérarchiques, des rétroactions biogéomorphologiques liées aux échelles ont été détectées et synthétisées dans un modèle conceptuel. [...]<br>N ecosystems, such as rivers, salt marshes, mangroves, coastal dunes which are exposed to frequent and regular hydrogeomorphic fluxes (i.e. physical disturbances), feedbacks between geomorphology (water, sediment and landforms) and plants (e.g. Populus nigra L., Salix alba L., Salix purpurea L. in rivers) can occur. Vegetation esta¬blishment is controlled by hydrogeomorphic processes which in turn are modulated by vegetation. Such feedbacks control riparian ecosystem dynamics. In this thesis, we addressed two main questions in an effort to better understand feedbacks between riparian vegetation and hydrogeomorphic processes: (i) How does riparian vegetation respond to hydrogeomorphic constraints? (ii) How, and to what extent, do established engineer plants affect fluvial geomorphology? We studied these questions through a nested multi-scale approach from landscape pattern to plant trait scales on the dynamic wandering Allier River (France). We tested the applicability of the method of photogrammetry to quantify the response and the effect of riparian vegetation and biogeomorphic feedbacks at different spatio-temporal scales (i.e. corridor, alluvial bar and individual). At the corridor scale, we searched for the topographic signature of riparian vegetation in the landscape, using photogrammetric and LiDAR data. At the intermediate alluvial bar scale, we investigated the aptitude of three dominant pioneer riparian Salicaceae species (P. nigra, S. purpurea and S. alba) to establish and to act as ecosystem engineers by trap¬ping fine sediment. At the finest, plant trait scale, we quantified the relation between response trait attributes of young P. nigra plants and their exposure to three different levels of mechanical stress (a highly exposed bar-head, a less exposed bar-tail, a chute channel). We identified some difficulties or failures to properly apply photogrammetry in biogeomorphic feedback studies. However, photogrammetry appeared as a useful tool to quantify a set of relevant parameters to respond to fundamental research questions concerning biogeomorphic feedbacks at the three nested spatial scales. At the broadest, the topographic signature of vegetation was not easy to capture because of the complex shifting mosaic of landforms of the Allier River. However, by focusing on more connec¬ted, restricted areas (i.e. alluvial bars), the signature of vegetation could be captured. It seems to increase with increasing vegetation height corresponding to the evolutionary phases of the fluvial biogeomorphic succession (FBS) model. At the intermediate, alluvial bar scale, biogeomorphic feedbacks could be well identified. The capacity of riparian plants to establish and act as ecosystem engineers depended both on species and their physiognomy, their age and their location on alluvial bars. At the finest, individual plant scale, we captured the contrasting morphological and biomechanical response of P. nigra to variable mechanical stress exposure from a trait perspective. In all hierarchical levels, scale-related biogeomorphic feedbacks were detected and described in a conceptual model. The three scales were considered as cycles composed of four different phases, which can have a variable temporality. The broadest spatio-temporal scale represents the evolution over several decades of the landscape mosaic resulting from the balance between constructive (vegetation establishment, growth and succession) and destruc¬tive (floods) forces. [...]
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Franke, Tobias [Verfasser], Paul [Akademischer Betreuer] Lukowicz, and Albrecht [Akademischer Betreuer] Schmidt. "Architectures and Methods for Large Scale Participatory Sensing and Data Modeling in Smart City Environments / Tobias Franke ; Paul Lukowicz, Albrecht Schmidt." Kaiserslautern : Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 2017. http://d-nb.info/114904991X/34.
Full textBooks on the topic "Frankel Scale"
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Galbert, Antoine de, 1955- writer of preface, ed. L'intégrale des ombres: La Scala, Paris. Actes sud, 2018.
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Speksnijder, Arie. Geological analysis of Paleozoic large-scale faulting in the south-central Pyrenees. Geologisch Instituut der Rijksuniversiteit, 1986.
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Pompidou, Centre Georges. La culture pour vivre: Donations des fondations Scaler et Clarence-Westbury. Centre Pompidou, 2002.
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Speksnijder, Arie. Geological analysis of Paleozoic large-scale faulting in the south-central Pyrenees =: Geologische analyse van Paleozoische grootschalige breukbewegingen in de zuidelijke centrale Pyreneeën. Geologisch Instituut der Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht], 1986.
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Tour du Mont Blanc: 50 Large-Scale Maps and Guides to 12 Towns and Villages Including Chamonix, Courmayeur adn Argentiere. Trailblazer Publications, 2018.
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Bell, Dorian. Globalizing Race: Anti-Semitism, Empire, and the Politics of Scale in Modern French and European Culture. Northwestern University Press, 2018.
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Rapport, Mike. Jacobinism from Outside. Edited by David Andress. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199639748.013.029.
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‘Jacobinism’ as perceived and experienced outside France varied between local contexts, the rich diversity of responses to the French Revolution reflecting the ideas, symbols and rhetoric emanating from France, but also pre-existing political and ideological trends, earlier attempts at reform, the specific structures of society and the scale of resistance to change. There were commonalities that included similarities in ideology, rhetoric, symbols and practices, but international Jacobinism was never a coherent ideology or political movement. ‘Jacobins’ outside France were, moreover, usually minorities and everywhere they felt the full force of reactions in defence of tradition and the conservative order. The varieties of ‘Jacobinism’ outside France nonetheless provided an important response to the widespread debates about the nature of freedom and political identity, the shape of which was being fervently disputed around the world.
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Crubaugh, Anthony. Balancing the Scales of Justice: Local Courts and Rural Society in Southwest France, 1750-1800. Pennsylvania State University Press, 2001.
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Prouve, Jean. Jean Prouvé: SCAL Demountable Pavilion 1940. Galerie Patrick Seguin, 2020.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Frankel Scale"
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Périnet, P., J. G. Brouillette, J. A. Fortin, and M. Lalonde. "Large scale inoculation of actinorhizal plants with Frankia." In Frankia and Actinorhizal Plants. Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5147-1_16.
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Brouwers, André, and Welko Tomic. "Factorial Structure of Längle’s Existence Scale." In Logotherapy and Existential Analysis: Proceedings of the Viktor Frankl Institute Vienna. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29424-7_9.
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Rao, Ashwin, and Shweta Tiwari. "Basic and Advanced Behavior Guidance Templates Based on the Frankl Behavior Rating Scale." In Midazolam in Pediatric Dentistry. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45147-8_4.
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Toivanen, Anna-Leena. "Work, Labor, and Afroeuropean (Im)mobilities." In Studies in Mobilities, Literature, and Culture. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-89303-2_5.
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Abstract This chapter analyzes work-related mobilities by placing different scales of mobility and immobility at the center of analysis. The readings first concentrate on two historical novels, Wilfried N’Sondé’s Un Océan, deux mers, trois continents (2018) and Emmanuel Dongala’s La Sonate à Bridgetower (Sonata Mulattica) (2017), which frame the Afroeuropean journeys of their privileged professional travelers within the context of coerced transatlantic (im)mobilities. Strategies such as juxtaposition bring these two otherwise somewhat far-removed categories of mobility together. In Ousmane Sembène’s short story “La Noire de…” (1962) work-related Afroeuropean mobilities are embedded in colonialist, racist, classist, and gendered power structures, challenging associations of mobility with freedom and labor migration with social mobility. Denis Oussou-Essui’s La Souche calcinée (2004) and Gauz’s Debout-payé (2014) attest to the precarious aspects of employment-related mobilities for African migrants in France. Gauz’s novel introduces different scales of employment-related (im)mobilities into the formal scale through multiperspectivity and focalizations. Together, the texts discussed draw a picture of the transtemporal links of Afroeuropean employment-related (im)mobilities, ranging from the times of the slave trade to contemporary neoliberal globalization.
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Villain, Julien. "L’innovation de produit et les dynamiques de l’offre sur les marchés des étoffes de laine dans la France du XVIIIe siècle. Quelques aperçus quantitatifs et qualitatifs." In La moda come motore economico: innovazione di processo e prodotto, nuove strategie commerciali, comportamento dei consumatori / Fashion as an economic engine: process and product innovation, commercial strategies, consumer behavior. Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-565-3.10.
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The consumption of fabrics in 18th-Century Europe experienced a notable expansion - particularly in France, a major hub for the diffusion of clothing fashions across the continent. Driven by manufacturers and merchants, the supply of new product varieties has been highlighted in several French production areas. However, a general assessment of the scale and rates of product innovation in the market for fabrics has never been attempted. By varying the scales of analysis, from the statistics the French monarchy used to assess production in the various production areas to store inventories, we can try to estimate the secular movements of product innovation. Over the course of the 18th century, the market for medium or poor quality cloths appears to have been particularly dynamic: the proportion of new varieties at the end of the century approximated two-thirds of the stock. There was also a tendency to diversify the supply - which ended up making the "world of goods" difficult to read, many product innovations being present on the market only for a while.
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de Aquino, Thiago A. Avellar, Valdiney V. Gouveia, Pablo Lincoln Sherlock de Aquino, and Aureliano Pacciolla. "The Ontological Perception of Time Scale: Assessing Meaning in Life from a Temporal Perspective." In Logotherapy and Existential Analysis: Proceedings of the Viktor Frankl Institute Vienna. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48922-8_15.
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Maron, Mikel, and Heather Leson. "A Free and Open Map of the Entire World: Opportunities for YouthMappers Within the Unusual Partnership Model of OpenStreetMap." In Sustainable Development Goals Series. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05182-1_30.
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AbstractOpenStreetMap (OSM) is a very unusual kind of partnership, not only in the context of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) but also frankly everywhere. YouthMappers has expanded OSM through localized engagement on a global scale. Examining this unique approach is instructive to learn not only about partnerships (SDG 17) but also about innovation in the open technology industry (SDG 9). We consider this joint journey so far and ponder on how to amplify our collective impact in the future.
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Portelli, Aurélien, Frédérick Lamare, Sébastien Travadel, and Franck Guarnieri. "Educating Nuclear Workers Through Images: The Work of Jacques Castan, Illustrator of Radiation Protection in the 1960s." In Visualising Safety, an Exploration. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33786-4_3.
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AbstractIn France, the first industrial-scale nuclear reactors were built by the French Atomic Energy Commission at Marcoule during the fifties. Most of the staff who were recruited at the time knew nothing about such risks, and their inexperience made it difficult to protect them. In response, the Radiation Protection Service (SPR) developed a worker education programme. Its implementation drew upon the artistic talents of Jacques Castan, a draftsman of the SPR. This study highlights its contribution to worker education and showcases how its illustrations have captured the imaginary of the radiation protection. The focus on a series of posters dedicated to dosimetry devices identifies three elements—anxiety, anthropomorphism, sublimation—which represent an ambiguous relationship to radioactive risk. Such ambiguity can be compared to Girard’s definition of the “sacred”.
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Hunter, Alistair. "Minorities In, Minorities Out: Cemeteries, Religious Diversity and the French Body Politic in Contemporary and Historical Perspective." In IMISCOE Research Series. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28284-3_6.
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AbstractThis chapter focuses on religious diversity and cemeteries in France, comparing historical practice with the contemporary management of death in diversity. Its starting point is the present-day intransigence of local authorities in creating space for Muslims in French municipal cemeteries. The chapter proceeds to link these contemporary manifestations with historical perspectives. In earlier times, Jews, Protestants and free-thinkers were regularly denied burial as equals in French cemeteries, and sometimes expelled entirely from cemeteries (refus de sépulture). The laicising state of the nineteenth century intervened to ensure equality of burial and by extension full membership of the French body politic. The second part of the paper argues that today’s refusal to create Muslim sections in French municipal cemeteries constitutes a modern-day refus de sépulture which harms social harmony and cohesion. Nonetheless, the scale at which this rejection takes place is of a different magnitude: not removal from the consecrated part of the cemetery, but potentially complete ejection from the national territory, with perverse effects for the integration of migrant-origin communities. The chapter is based on qualitative fieldwork undertaken in France in 2016, drawing from semi-structured interviews with religious representatives, funerary professionals and politicians, combined with an analysis of secondary sources for the presentation of historical perspectives.
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Börjesson, Mikael, and Pablo Lillo Cea. "World Class Universities, Rankings and the Global Space of International Students." In Evaluating Education: Normative Systems and Institutional Practices. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7598-3_10.
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AbstractThe notion of World Class University suggests that this category of universities operates at a global and not national level. The rankings that have made this notion recognised are global in their scope, ranking universities on a worldwide scale and feed an audience from north to south, east to west. The very idea of ranking universities on such a scale, it is argued here, must be understood in relation to the increasing internationalisation and marketisation of higher education and the creation of a global market for higher education. More precisely, this contribution links the rankings of world class universities to the global space of international student flows. This space has three distinctive poles, a Pacific pole (with the US as the main country of destination and Asian countries as the most important suppliers of students), a Central European one (European countries of origin and destination) and a French/Iberian one (France and Spain as countries of destination with former colonies in Latin America and Africa as countries of origin). The three poles correspond to three different logics of recruitment: a market logic, a proximity logic and a colonial logic. It is argued that the Pacific/Market pole is the dominating pole in the space due to the high concentration of resources of different sorts, including economic, political, educational, scientific and not least, linguistic assets. This dominance is further enhanced by the international ranking. US universities dominate these to a degree that World Class Universities has become synonymous with the American research university. However, the competition has sharpened. And national actors such as China and India are investing heavily to challenge the American dominance. Also France and Germany, who are the dominant players at the dominated poles in the space, have launched initiative to ameliorate their position. In addition, we also witness a growing critique of the global rankings. One of the stakes is the value of national systems of higher education and the very definition of higher education.
Conference papers on the topic "Frankel Scale"
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Mundhenk, Niklas, Petra Huttenloch, Julia Scheiber, Albert Genter, Roman Zorn, and Thomas Kohl. "Corrosion and Scaling in the Geothermal Cycle of Soultz-sous-Forêts (France)." In CORROSION 2014. NACE International, 2014. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2014-3897.
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Abstract Scaling and corrosion are both issues that account for serious problems in geothermal operation. Their occurrence is related to the hydrochemical characteristics of the geothermal water. In this work we report experiences from geothermal operation in Soultz-sous-Forêts (France) and provide preliminary results from a material testing campaign. The produced brines contain high amounts of dissolved solids (approx. 100 g/l) and challenge many materials. Conventional mild steels suffer uniform corrosion rates &lt; 0.2 mm/year. Standard CrNiMo stainless steel S31600 and duplex S31803 undergo pitting in such environments. To be on the safe side higher alloyed materials or highly resistant organic coatings have to be chosen. Scaling is another serious concern and describes the formation of precipitates from the brine or from the interaction of the brine with metallic materials. These scales include barite-celestine solid solutions, galena, and siderite. Due to their toxicity the removal and disposal is necessary and accounts for extensive and frequent downtime periods.
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VICTOR, Julien JEAN, Zakaria A. SOULEYMANE, Augustin MPANDA, et al. "Comparison of optimization methods for studying the energy mix of infrastructures. Application to an infrastructure in Oise, France." In The 35th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering. PSE Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.69997/sct.104848.
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In the last decades, the growing awareness of climate change and the high political sensitivity of critical resources such as energy have emphasized a need for local, renewable and optimized energy mixes at various scales. Several studies have therefore aimed to optimize renewable energy technologies and plant locations to develop more renewable and efficient Energy Mixes. Following this trend, this paper applies and compares Goal Programming, Branch-and-Cut and NSGA-II to a multi-objective combinatorial optimization problem focused on the energy mix of Oise, France. Results show more optimality for Goal Programming and Branch-and-Cut, accompanied by a high sensitivity to constraints, while NSGA-II provides more technological diversity in the computed solutions.
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Aristia, Gabriela, Sabrina Marcelin, Nicolas Mary, et al. "Methodologies to Evaluate Corrosion of Carbon and Stainless Steels in Artificial Geothermal Solutions." In CONFERENCE 2024. AMPP, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2024-20716.
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Abstract Corrosion and scaling are some of the most common challenges in geothermal applications due to the complex brine chemistry combined with the high temperatures and pressures, and the gaseous components. To study mineral scaling at metallic surfaces, appropriate corrosion tests representing the real geothermal reservoir and operating conditions must be selected. This paper focus on the reconstruction of thermal gradients between geothermal fluids and the steel walls of wells and heat exchanger tubes, in laboratory and autoclave flow loop tests (up to 200°C and 300 bar), to simulate scaling and corrosion conditions. The implementation of an electrochemical measurement device makes it possible to monitor changes to the electrochemical behaviour of steel subjected to thermal gradients in these environments and so the corrosion response and in situ evolution of scales. Results from carbon steels (N80 and P110) and stainless steel (13Cr) in artificial geothermal brines representative of Dogger and Soultz geothermal wells in France are presented.
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Tregub, I. V., and R. C. Buffet. "Managing Methods of Investment Projects in the Field of Education on the Example of France." In 2019 Twelfth International Conference "Management of large-scale system development" (MLSD). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mlsd.2019.8911089.
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Soliva, R., P. Labaume, L. Ducarme, J. Lamarche, and J. P. Masse. "Fault Zone Structure and Diagenetic Evolution in Porous Carbonate Rocks, Provence, France." In 2nd EAGE International Conference on Fault and Top Seals - From Pore to Basin Scale 2009. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20147184.
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Tregub, I. V., and Ch Margry. "Econometric Methods in Solving Problems of the Analysis of Investments in the Field of Tourism on the Example of France." In 2020 13th International Conference Management of large-scale system development (MLSD). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mlsd49919.2020.9247674.
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Alisafaei, F., Seyed Hamid Reza Sanei, and Chung-Souk Han. "Length Scale Dependent Deformation in Polymers." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-88060.
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Length scale dependent deformation of polymers has been observed in different experiments including micro-beam bending and indentation tests. Here the length scale dependent deformation of polydimethylsiloxane is examined in indentation testing at length scales from microns down to hundreds of nanometers. Strong indentation size effects have been observed in these experiments which are rationalized with rotation gradients that can be related to Frank elasticity type molecular energies known from liquid crystal polymers. To support this notion additional experiments have been conducted where Berkovich and spherical indenter tips results have been compared with each other.
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"Image Analysis of Night Scape using Lyrics." In Sept. 17-19, 2018 Paris (France). Excellence in Research & Innovation, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/eirai4.f0918105.
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Cordier, F., P. Tassi, M. Jodeau, and B. Camenen. "Large-scale morphodynamics structures in the Arc en Maurienne River (France)." In The International Conference On Fluvial Hydraulics (River Flow 2016). CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315644479-186.
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"On the Landscapes Elements from a Bird’s-Eye View Scape." In Sept. 17-19, 2018 Paris (France). Excellence in Research & Innovation, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/eirai4.f0918107.
Full textReports on the topic "Frankel Scale"
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Putz, Sabine, and Bärbel Epp. Solar Heat for Cities: The Sustainable Solution for District Heating. Edited by Bärbel Epp. IEA SHC Task 55, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task55-2019-0007.
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The brochure contains very useful info charts and general information about large scale SDH as well as several case studies of SDH installations in Denmark, China, Serbia, Austria, France, Latvia and Germany.
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Putz, Sabine, and Bärbel Epp. Solar Heat for Cities: The Sustainable Solution for District Heating - Turkish. Edited by Bärbel Epp. IEA SHC Task 55, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task55-2021-0004.
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The brochure contains very useful info charts and general information about large scale SDH as well as several case studies of SDH installations in Denmark, China, Serbia, Austria, France, Latvia and Germany, translated into Turkish.
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Dobbelaere, Sabien, Kozo Kiyota, and Jacques Mairesse. Product and labor market imperfections and scale economies: Micro-evidence on France, Japan and the Netherlands. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19059.
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van Oosten, Sanne. The Importance of In-group Favoritism in Explaining Voting for PRRPs: A Study of Minority and Majority Groups in France, Germany and the Netherlands. European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), 2025. https://doi.org/10.55271/pp0046.
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The voting behavior of racial and ethnic minorities is a topic that attracts much speculation, with some claiming that racial and ethnic minorities do vote for Populist Radical Right Parties (PRRPs) and some claiming they do not. In the European Union, where saving data on individual’s race and ethnicity is prohibited, it is very difficult to contribute to these conversations with real facts. Do ethnic minorities and majorities tend to vote for PRRP and what explains their (lack of) support? Thanks to a novel yet costly sampling method, I surveyed racial/ethnic minority and majority voters in France, Germany and the Netherlands and asked them about their propensity to vote for Rassemblement National (RN) in France, Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) in Germany, and Partij voor de Vrijheid (PVV) in the Netherlands. I compare racial/ethnic minority groups, including Muslims, with majority groups and test the mechanisms that might predict their support for PRRPs. My findings indicate Muslims are among the least likely to vote for PRRPs, though the difference with voters without a migration background is only significant in the Netherlands. When testing what explains the propensity to vote for PRRPs, I find that indicators of in-group favoritism usually explain support to larger extent than out-group hate. Though anti-immigration attitudes predict PRRP voting in all three countries, in-group favoritism explanations explain PRRP voting to a slightly stronger extent. In France and Germany, the ethnocentrism scale predicts voting for RN/AfD more than immigration attitudes do. In the Netherlands, feeling accepted as belonging in the Netherlands explains voting for the PVV the most. Amongst Muslim French, German and Dutch voters, in-group favoritism, or the lack thereof, explains voting for PRRPs as well. French Muslims who feel more attached to France are more likely to vote for RN. German Muslims who do not believe in religious freedom for Muslims are more likely to vote for AfD. This also applies to Dutch Muslims, though immigration attitudes also predict voting for the PVV: the more a Dutch Muslim is against immigration, the more likely they are to vote PVV. Generally, this study makes a case for expanding the standard predictors of PRRP voting towards more indicators of in-group favoritism for the majority in-group, while for Muslims PRRP voting is more driven by policy attitudes. Feeling close or distant towards ethnic in- or out-groups does not predict PRRP voting in any of the cases. These findings contribute to our understanding of PRRP voting in Europe. Keywords: Populism, Muslims, race, ethnicity, voting behavior, France, Germany, Netherlands, RN, AfD, PVV.
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Barker, Ross, and Isabella Buber-Ennser. UNCERTAINTY AND FLEXIBILITY OF FERTILITY INTENTIONS. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/0x003e60ec.
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Large-scale survey data is widely used to study the intention to have a(nother) child. However, there are further opportunities to understand how these intentions are revised over the life course and the uncertainty surrounding them. We aim to further outline the importance of simultaneously considering change and uncertainty in fertility decision-making. Specifically, we identify uncertainty in the “probably not” and “probably yes” responses to questions on whether an individual intends to have a(nother) child, and compare the differences in individuals’ stated intention between survey waves. Using panel data from the Generations and Gender Survey (GGS) for Austria, France, Hungary, Italy, and Poland, we study short-term followed by long-term (overall) fertility intentions. First, descriptive analyses compare and visualise the prevalence of uncertainty intentions at first and second wave using Sankey diagrams. Next, multivariate analyses on transitions in intentions focus on partnership and employment context. The results reveal that for both short-term and overall intentions, four in ten respondents are uncertain about intending a (further) child. Further, one in two report a different intention between waves, with changes mainly occurring from one “probably” response to another (e.g., “probably not” to “probably yes”) or through a shift in increasing or lessening certainty (e.g., “probably yes” to “definitely yes”). The childless exhibit by far the greatest uncertainty and revision. Multivariate analyses show that partnership and employment are associated with changes and transitions in intentions. Our results also show that fertility intentions form along a spectrum of certainty—from “definitely not,” to “probably not,” to “probably yes,” to “definitely yes,” and finally to the birth of a child.
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Lyzanchuk, Vasyl. STUDENTS EVALUATE THE TEACHING OF THE ACADEMIC SUBJECT. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2024.54-55.12159.
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The article reveals and characterizes the methodological features of teaching the discipline «Intellectual and Psychological Foundations of Mass Media Functioning» on the third year of the Faculty of Journalism at Ivan Franko National University of Lviv. The focus is on the principles, functions, and standards of journalistic creativity during the full-scale war of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. As the Russian genocidal, terrorist, and ecocidal war has posed acute challenges to the education and upbringing of student youth. A young person is called not only to acquire knowledge but to receive them simultaneously with comprehensive national, civic, and moral-spiritual upbringing. Teaching and educating students, the future journalists, on Ukrainian-centric, nation-building principles ensure a sense of unity between current socio-political processes and historical past, and open an intellectual window to Ukraine’s future. The teaching of the course ‘Intellectual-Psychological Foundations of Mass Media Functioning’ (lectures and practical classes, creative written assignments) is grounded in the philosophy of national education and upbringing, aimed at shaping a citizen-patriot and a knight, as only such a citizen is capable of selfless service to their own people, heroic struggle for freedom, and the united Ukrainian national state. The article presents student creative works, the aim of which is to develop historical national memory in students, promote the ideals of spiritual unity and integrity of Ukrainian identity, nurture the life-sustaining values of the Ukrainian language and culture, perpetuate the symbols of statehood, and strengthen the moral dignity and greatness of Ukrainian heroism. A methodology for assessing students’ pedagogical-professional competence and the fairness of teachers who deliver lectures and conduct practical classes has been summarized. The survey questions allow students to express their attitudes towards the content, methods, and forms of the educational process, which involves the application of experience from European and American countries, but the main emphasis is on the application of Ukrainian ethnopedagogy. Its defining ideas are democracy, populism, and patriotism, enriched with a distinct nation-building potential, which instills among students a unique culture of genuine Ukrainian history, the Ukrainian language and literature, national culture, and high journalistic professionalism. Key words: educator, student, journalism, education, patriotism, competence, national consciousness, Russian-Ukrainian war, professionalism.
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Nilsson Lewis, Astrid, Kaidi Kaaret, Eileen Torres Morales, Evelin Piirsalu, and Katarina Axelsson. Accelerating green public procurement for decarbonization of the construction and road transport sectors in the EU. Stockholm Environment Institute, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2023.007.
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Public procurement of goods and services contributes to about 15% of global greenhouse gas emissions. In the EU, public purchasing represents 15% of its GDP, acting as a major influencer on the market through the products and services acquired by governments from the local to national levels. The public sector has a role to play in leveraging this purchasing power to achieve the best societal value for money, particularly as we scramble to bend the curve of our planet’s warming. Globally, the construction and transport sectors each represent about 12% of government procurements’ GHG emissions. Furthermore, these sectors’ decarbonization efforts demand profound and disruptive technological shifts. Hence, prioritizing these sectors can make the greatest impact towards reducing the environmental footprint of the public sector and support faster decarbonization of key emitting industries. Meanwhile, the EU committed to achieving 55% reduction in GHG emissions by 2030 compared to 1990 levels. Drastic emissions reductions are needed at an unprecedented speed and scale to achieve this goal. Green Public Procurement (GPP) is the practice of purchasing goods and services using environmental requirements, with the aim of cutting carbon emissions and mitigating environmental harm throughout the life cycle of the product or service. While the EU and many of its Member States alike have recognized GPP as an important tool to meet climate goals, the formalization of GPP requirements at the EU level or among local and national governments has been fragmented. We call for harmonization to achieve the consistency, scale and focus required to make GPP practices a powerful decarbonization tool. We surveyed the landscape of GPP in the EU, with a focus on construction and road transport. Through interviews and policy research, we compiled case studies of eight Member States with different profiles: Sweden, the Netherlands, France, Germany, Estonia, Poland, Spain and Italy. We used this information to identify solutions and best practices, and to set forth recommendations on how the EU and its countries can harmonize and strengthen their GPP policies on the path toward cutting their contributions to climate change. What we found was a scattered approach to GPP across the board, with few binding requirements, little oversight and scant connective tissue from national to local practices or across different Member States, making it difficult to evaluate progress or compare practices. Interviewees, including policy makers, procurement experts and procurement officers from the featured Member States, highlighted the lack of time or resources to adopt progressive GPP practices, with no real incentive to pursue it. Furthermore, we found a need for more awareness and clear guidance on how to leverage GPP for impactful societal outcomes. Doing so requires better harmonized processes, data, and ways to track the impact and progress achieved. That is not to say it is entirely neglected. Most Member States studied highlight GPP in various national plans and have set targets accordingly. Countries, regions, and cities such as the Netherlands, Catalonia and Berlin serve as beacons of GPP with robust goals and higher ambition. They lead the way in showing how GPP can help mitigate climate change. For example, the Netherlands is one of the few countries that monitors the effects of GPP, and showed that public procurement for eight product groups in 2015 and 2016 led to at least 4.9 metric tons of avoided GHG emissions. Similarly, a monitoring report from 2017 showed that the State of Berlin managed to cut its GHG emissions by 47% through GPP in 15 product groups. Spain’s Catalonia region set a goal of 50% of procurements using GPP by 2025, an all-electric in public vehicle fleet and 100% renewable energy powering public buildings by 2030. Drawing from these findings, we developed recommendations on how to bolster GPP and scale it to its full potential. In governance, policies, monitoring, implementation and uptake, some common themes exist. The need for: • Better-coordinated policies • Common metrics for measuring progress and evaluating tenders • Increased resources such as time, funding and support mechanisms • Greater collaboration and knowledge exchange among procurers and businesses • Clearer incentives, binding requirements and enforcement mechanisms, covering operational and embedded emissions With a concerted and unified movement toward GPP, the EU and its Member States can send strong market signals to the companies that depend on them for business, accelerating the decarbonization process that our planet requires.