Academic literature on the topic 'Free Online OCR'
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Journal articles on the topic "Free Online OCR"
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Dr., S.Vijayarani, and A.Sakila Ms. "PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF OCR TOOLS." International Journal of Ubiquitous Computing (IJU) 6, no. 3 (2023): 12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8189779.
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Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is a technique, used to convert scanned image into editable text format. Many different types of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) tools are commercially available today; it is a useful and popular method for different types of applications. OCR can predict the accurate result depends on text pre-processing and segmentation algorithms. Image quality is one of the most important factors that improve quality of recognition in performing OCR tools. Images can be processed independently (.png, .jpg, and .gif files) or in multi-page PDF documents (.pdf). The primary objective of this work is to provide the overview of various Optical Character Recognition (OCR) tools and analyses of their performance by applying the two factors of OCR tool performance i.e. accuracy and error rate.
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Dr., S.Vijayarani, and A.Sakila Ms. "PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF OCR TOOLS." International Journal of Ubiquitous Computing (IJU) 6, no. 3 (2023): 12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166770.
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Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is a technique, used to convert scanned image into editable text format. Many different types of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) tools are commercially available today; it is a useful and popular method for different types of applications. OCR can predict the accurate result depends on text pre-processing and segmentation algorithms. Image quality is one of the most important factors that improve quality of recognition in performing OCR tools. Images can be processed independently (.png, .jpg, and .gif files) or in multi-page PDF documents (.pdf). The primary objective of this work is to provide the overview of various Optical Character Recognition (OCR) tools and analyses of their performance by applying the two factors of OCR tool performance i.e. accuracy and error rate.
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Kallimani, Jagadish, Chandrika Prasad, D. Keerthana, Manoj J. Shet, Prasada Hegde, and S. H. Ajeya. "Performance Analysis of Open Source Optical Character Recognition." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 9 (2020): 4267–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.9060.
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Optical character recognition is the process of conversion of images of text into machine-encoded text electronically or mechanically. The text on image can be handwritten, typed or printed. Some of the examples of image source can be a picture of a document, a scanned document or a text which is superimposed on an image. Most optical character recognition system does not give a 100% accurate result. This project aims at analyzing the error rate of a few open source optical character recognition systems (Boxoft OCR, ABBY, Tesseract, Free Online OCR etc.) on a set of diverse documents and makes a comparative study of the same. By this, we can study which OCR is the best suited for a document.
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Nazaruk, Piotr. "The Silence of Judaica." Studia Żydowskie. Almanach 10, no. 9-10 (2020): 171–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.56583/sz.697.
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"The National Library of Poland holds a vast collection of Yiddish prints, both pre and post-war, issued mainly in contemporary and former territories of Poland. Thanks to the effort of the Library and years of digitizing the material, about 25 thousand Yiddish newspaper issues, hundreds of books, posters and leaflets were published online and made available for free at the Library’s digital library polona.pl. Although the researcher’s dream has not yet been fulfilled and the Yiddish OCR system has not yet been implemented in polona.pl, Yiddish scholars in Poland received a powerful and user-friendly research tool. Furthermore, by publishing scans of newspapers from big cities and smaller towns, polona.pl has revealed a forgotten or suppressed multi-linguistic and social landscape of pre-war Poland. Even if some Poles living in, for instance, present day town of Chełm knew about their town’s rich Jewish history and its importance in Jewish folklore already ten or so years ago, the image was surely vague. Today, by a single click, one can literally immerse oneself into the world of pre-war Polish-Jewish reality of a small town and – even withoutunderstanding Yiddish, but simply by browsing the papers and reading Polish fragments appearing there from time to time – find out that it was more complex than one might think [...]".
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Wan, Yuanyu, Bo Xue, and Lijun Zhang. "Projection-free Online Learning in Dynamic Environments." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 11 (2021): 10067–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i11.17208.
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To efficiently solve high-dimensional problems with complicated constraints, projection-free online learning has received ever-increasing research interest. However, previous studies either focused on static regret that is not suitable for dynamic environments, or only established the dynamic regret bound under the smoothness of losses. In this paper, without the condition of the smoothness, we propose a novel projection-free online algorithm, and achieve an O(max{T^{2/3}V_T^{1/3},T^{1/2}}) dynamic regret bound for convex functions and an O(max{(TV_Tlog T)^{1/2},log T}) dynamic regret bound for strongly convex functions, where T is the time horizon and V_T denotes the variation of loss functions. Specifically, we first improve an existing projection-free algorithm called online conditional gradient (OCG) to enjoy small dynamic regret bounds with the prior knowledge of V_T. To work with unknowable V_T, we maintain multiple instances of the improved OCG that can handle different functional variations, and combine them with a meta-algorithm that can track the best one. Experimental results validate the efficiency and effectiveness of our algorithm.
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Kusno, Kuswarini, Yosini Deliana, Lies Sulistyowati, and Yus Nugraha. "Determinant factors of online purchase decision process via social commerce: An empirical study of organic black rice in Indonesia." International Journal of Data and Network Science 6, no. 4 (2022): 1065–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2022.8.002.
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Organic black rice (OBR) is a healthy food that is environmentally friendly which is better than organic white rice and organic brown rice. However, the demand for OBR in Indonesia is still low. In addition, some people consider OBR as black sticky rice. Meanwhile, black rice has great potential to be developed in Indonesia because it has local varieties that are still rare, have a high selling value, and are suitable for cultivation based on the analysis of their farming. The rapid development of social media users in Indonesia causes organic black rice to be traded online via social commerce (s-commerce). There has been a lot of research on social commerce, but there is still very few social commerce research offering framework design. The purpose of this research is to develop a conceptual model (framework) of the online OBR purchasing decision process via s-commerce, and to identify the factors underlying consumer assessment of the process. As a result, the conceptual model shows consumers recognize the need for OBR through free platforms, namely Search Engine Optimization (SEO), Instagram, blogs, article sites, through friends and through family. The factors underlying consumers' assessment of the online OBR purchasing decision process were security in purchasing decisions, Internet, friends, satisfaction with the results, Instagram and other social media, and family factor. These factors can be used as important considerations in online OBR marketing via s-commerce.
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Butt, Khurram, and Nariman Sepehri. "Model-free online tuning of controller parameters using a globalized local search algorithm." Optimal Control Applications and Methods 39, no. 5 (2018): 1750–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oca.2439.
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Pan, Haili. "Online Community Value Co-creation." Online Information Review 44, no. 3 (2020): 645–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir-09-2018-0276.
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PurposeMany companies strengthen their interaction with consumers by establishing online communities and bring convenience to value co-creation with consumers. Some companies use economic and social strategies to stimulate consumer value creation. However, the way to increase the effectiveness of such corporate strategies remains unclear. To address this challenge, this study investigates the impact patterns of economic and social strategies that influence consumers' value co-creation behaviour in firm-hosted online communities (FOCs). Moreover, the effective conditions for the value co-creation of the two strategies are explored.Design/methodology/approachData from an FOC were collected for electronic communications products. A total of 1,305 second-hand data records on value co-creation activities were obtained. Then, an econometric model was built and Stata14.0 software was used for data analysis.FindingsThe effect of economic interaction strategy on the value co-creation in online communities is an inverted U-shaped model, and that of social interaction strategy is relatively stable and is not an inverted U-shaped model. Value creation initiatives introduced by enterprise personnel adopt economic strategies to improve effectiveness. On the contrary, value co-creation activities initiated by consumers use social strategies for the same purpose. Economic strategies are effective for large teams, whereas social strategies may lead to a “free rider” mentality.Research limitations/implicationsThis study finds two important factors affecting the value co-creation in FOCs and their effective boundaries. However, other factors may also affect the online community value co-creation. Future research can further explore the intrinsic mechanisms of these strategies for value co-creation.Practical implicationsThis article mainly discusses the influence of stimulation strategies on the value co-creation in an actual company community and exhibits good practical significance for the value co-creation activity and management in online communities. Firstly, corporate strategy is effective in communities, but this strategy requires proper control. Secondly, the company strategy must consider appropriate application conditions.Originality/valueThis study deepens the understanding of the impact of economic and social strategies on the value co-creation in FOCs and the effective boundaries of these impact patterns.
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Feicheng, Ma, and Li Yating. "Utilising social network analysis to study the characteristics and functions of the co-occurrence network of online tags." Online Information Review 38, no. 2 (2014): 232–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir-11-2012-0124.
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Purpose – This paper aims to explore the characteristics of the co-occurrence network of online tags and propose new approaches of applying social network analysis by utilising social tagging in order to organise data. Design/methodology/approach – The authors collected online resources labelled “tag” from 7 November 2004 to 31 October 2011 from the CiteULike website, comprising 684 papers and their URLs, titles and data on tagging (users, times, and tags). They examined the co-occurrence network of online tags by using the analyses of social networks, including the analysis of coherence, the analysis of centricity and core to periphery categorical analysis. Findings – Some features of the co-occurrence of online tags are as follows: the internet is subject to the “small world” phenomenon, as well as being “scale-free”. The structure of the internet reflects stable areas of core knowledge. In addition to five possible applications of social network analysis, social tagging has the greatest significance in organising online resources. Originality/value – This research finds that co-occurrence of tags online is an effective way to organise and index data. Some suggestions are provided on the organisation of online resources.
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Hoegen-Saßmannshausen, Philipp, Inga Jessen, Carolin Buchele, et al. "Clinical Outcomes of Online Adaptive Magnetic Resonance-Guided Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy of Adrenal Metastases from a Single Institution." Cancers 16, no. 12 (2024): 2273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers16122273.
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(1) Background: Recent publications foster stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in patients with adrenal oligometastases or oligoprogression. However, local control (LC) after non-adaptive SBRT shows the potential for improvement. Online adaptive MR-guided SBRT (MRgSBRT) improves tumor coverage and organ-at-risk (OAR) sparing. Long-term results of adaptive MRgSBRT are still sparse. (2) Methods: Adaptive MRgSBRT was performed on a 0.35 T MR-Linac. LC, overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR), and toxicity were assessed. (3) Results: 35 patients with 40 adrenal metastases were analyzed. The median gross tumor volume was 30.6 cc. The most common regimen was 10 fractions at 5 Gy. The median biologically effective dose (BED10) was 75.0 Gy. Plan adaptation was performed in 98% of all fractions. The median follow-up was 7.9 months. One local failure occurred after 16.6 months, resulting in estimated LC rates of 100% at one year and 90% at two years. ORR was 67.5%. The median OS was 22.4 months, and the median PFS was 5.1 months. No toxicity > CTCAE grade 2 occurred. (4) Conclusions: LC and ORR after adrenal adaptive MRgSBRT were excellent, even in a cohort with comparably large metastases. A BED10 of 75 Gy seems sufficient for improved LC in comparison to non-adaptive SBRT.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Free Online OCR"
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Casén, Sara. "Att effektivt marknadsföra Junebuds spel MilMo med sociala medier : Marknadsföring av ett gratis socialt massivt multiplayer online spel för barn och ungdomar." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Humanities and Informatics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-4132.
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<p>Det här examensarbetet utfördes från februari till mitten av april, våren 2010 på företaget Junebud. Jag arbetade efter hypotesen att en stark närvaro på sociala medier har en positiv effekt på aktiviteten på spelets hemsida samt för att få nya spelare att hitta till spelet. Spelet som marknadsfördes heter MilMo och är ett socialt massivt multiplayer spel för barn och ungdomar, som är gratis att spela. Om spelaren vill få tillgång till extra material kan han/hon betala en mindre summa pengar men något köptvång föreligger ej för att endast spela. För att genomföra marknadsföringen på de sociala medierna valdes fyra stycken nätverk på Internet ut; Facebook, Deviantart, MySpace och Youtube. Det som skapades var en fangrupp, en sida för konst, en profilsida och en kort film som visar spelet. Till detta kom även tre stycken nyhetsbrev, att strukturera upp och underhålla ett forum för spelare samt att emaila traditionella medier som nyhetssidor om spel och se vilken effekt det fick. Resultatet visar att många företag idag har en profil på sociala medier, men att de ofta bäst utgör ett komplement till produktens egen hemsida. Det som drev upp spelaraktiviteten mest var omnämnande på externa sidor om spel, samt det första nyhetsbrevet ut till spelarna</p>
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Bergström, Per. "Computational methods for shape verification of free-form surfaces." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Matematiska vetenskaper, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-17878.
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Beräkningsmetoder för formverifiering av friformsytor utgör huvudinnehållet i denna doktorsavhandling. En gemensam egenskap för dessa metoder är att de möjliggör formverifiering online direkt i produktionslinan. Av den anledningen måste metoderna vara snabba och robusta. Ett av problemen som uppkommer i formverifieringen av friformsytor är registrering. Det är problemet med att matcha datapunkter i 3D-rymden, som representerar den uppmätta ytan, med ett CAD-objekt genom att ansätta en stelkropps transformation. En metod för att utföra registreringen snabbt och robust är utvecklad. Metoden är en utveckling av ”the iterative closest point method, ICP”. Vi förprocessar CAD-objektet genom att skapa en datastruktur för att möjliggöra snabb närmsta-punkt sökning. Initialt läggs mycket tid på att skapa datastrukturen för att de enskilda registreringarna skall gå snabbt. Den robusta registreringen baserar sig på teorier från robust statistik genom att tillämpa ”iteratively re-weighted least squares” i kombination med ICP metoden. Detta resulterar i en snabb registreringsmetod som är okänslig för avvikande data. Metoden med registreringen används i en tillämpning för att hitta avvikelser mellan formen för ett objekt och dess ideala form. Den ideala formen är känd och ges av ett CAD-objekt. En optisk formmätningsmetod, projicerade fransar med en enda mönsterdetektering, används för att skapa datapunkter av den uppmätta ytan. Denna metod är snabb och okänslig för vibrationer men datapunkterna kan innehålla fel i vissa regioner, vilket hanteras av registreringen. Ett inversproblem som uppkommer i många optiska formmätningsmetoder är fasuppvikning. Vi introducerar en uppvikningsmetod med regularisering genom att använda information från ett CAD-objekt. Formmätningsmetoden som vi använder oss av här baserar sig på två-våglängds holografi. Vår fasuppvikningsmetod funkar oberoende av diskoninuiteter men mätobjektet får inte avvika alltför mycket i form jämfört med CAD-objektet. En metod för att snabbt få fram den behövda forminformationen från CAD-objektet är också utvecklad. För att få fram lämplig forminformation från datapunkter kan en parametrisk kurva eller yta, t.ex. NURBS, anpassas till dessa punkter. Ett delproblem som uppstår vid NURBS-anpassning vid användandet av Gauss-Newton metoden är studerad. Beräkningsaspekter för att få fram en sökriktning är diskuterade. Vi behandlar också metoder för NURBS anpassning som baserar sig på en teknik för separabla icke-linjära minstakvadratproblem. Denna teknik använder sig av variabelprojektioner för att separera beräkningarna av de linjära parametrarna från beräkningarna av de icke-linjära parametrarna.<br>Godkänd; 2011; Bibliografisk uppgift: Sammanläggningsavhandling bestående av sju artiklar och en tillhörande kappa.; 20110509 (berper); DISPUTATION Ämnesområde: Teknisk-vetenskapliga beräkningar/Scientific Computing Opponent: Professor Mårten Gulliksson, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, teknik och matematik, Mittuniversitetet, Sundsvall Ordförande: Docent Inge Söderkvist, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Luleå tekniska universitet, Luleå Tid: Tisdag den 27 september 2011, kl 10.30 Plats: D2214-15, Luleå tekniska universitet
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Carlsson, Evelina. "Gränsöverskridande hasardspel på internet : – kompatibelt med den svenska lotterilagen och EU-rättens bestämmelser om fri rörlighet för tjänster?" Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Affärsrätt, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-111430.
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I Sverige är det förbjudet att både anordna och främja deltagande i hasardspel om inte tillstånd har meddelats. Genom att kontrollera spelverksamheten, eftersträvas en sund och säker spelmarknad utan privata vinstintressen, där de bakomliggande skyddsintressena (att skydda konsumenter, att förhindra brott, att motverka sociala och ekonomiska skadeverkningar samt att styra överskottet) ska tillgodoses. I Sverige är det endast Svenska Spel och ATG som har tillstånd att tillhandahålla hasardspel över internet, men trots det både tillhandahåller och främjar spelleverantörer som är etablerade i andra medlemsstater hasardspel över internet på den svenska marknaden, vilket aktualiserar frågan huruvida EU-rätten ger något stöd för sådant gränsöverskridande hasardspel. Hasardspel faller in under bestämmelserna om fri rörlighet för tjänster förutsatt att spelleverantören är etablerad i en annan medlemsstat än mottagaren av tjänsten. Denna frihet kan begränsas på grund av tvingande skäl av allmänintresse såsom exempelvis konsumentskydd, uteslutande av privata vinstintressen och förhindrande av brott. Med anledning av de kulturella och moraliska skiljaktigheter som föreligger mellan medlemsstaterna, har EU-domstolen tillerkänt de nationella myndigheterna ett stort utrymme att själva avgöra vad som krävs för att skydda medborgarna. Oavsett vilket ändamål som eftersträvas, får inskränkningarna däremot varken vara diskriminerande på grund av nationalitet, eller gå utöver vad som är nödvändigt för att uppnå det eftersträvade målet. Vidare måste regleringarna även tillgodose behovet av att uppnå det eftersträvade målet på ett sammanhängande och systematiskt sätt. I uppsatsen har jag kommit fram till att varken den svenska spelregleringen eller EU-rätten ger något stöd för sådan gränsöverskridande verksamhet. Trots det figurerar spelleverantörer utan tillstånd på den svenska marknaden, vilket möjliggörs bland annat på grund av bristande påföljdsbestämmelser i den svenska regleringen. Eftersom EU-domstolen konsekvent har framhållit att de nationella regleringarna måste vara proportionerliga och tillgodose behovet av att uppnå det eftersträvade målet på ett sammanhängande och systematiskt sätt oavsett hur de är utformade, har jag i analysen även genomfört en sådan granskning. Slutsatsen av arbetet är att den svenska regleringen inte tillgodoser behovet av att uppnå ändamålet på ett sammanhängande och systematiskt sätt. Snarare än att gå utöver vad som är nödvändigt för att uppnå målet, verkar regleringen inte gå tillräckligt långt för att uppnå det bakomliggande ändamålet och tillgodose därmed inte heller de bakomliggande skyddsintressena.
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Schön, Sandra, Martin Ebner, and Conrad Lienhardt. "Der Wert und die Finanzierung von freien Bildungsressourcen." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-143660.
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Schön, Sandra, Martin Ebner, and Conrad Lienhardt. "Der Wert und die Finanzierung von freien Bildungsressourcen." Technische Universität Dresden, 2011. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A28083.
Full textBooks on the topic "Free Online OCR"
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Freeman, James, Nathan Barker, Cecilia Freer, Charmayne Bailey, and Jess Laffoley. GCSE Mathematics for OCR Teacher's Resource Free Online. University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, 2015.
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Swan, Christine, and Ilia Avroutine. A/AS Level Computer Science for OCR Component 2 Teacher's Resource Free Online. Cambridge University Press, 2015.
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Ormes, Dorothy. Free Government e-Resources for Youth. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400653759.
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Specifically focusing on the resources on federal government available online, this book supports the education of young citizens and supplies directions for conducting programs for youth on the government. Government documents offer a wealth of useful information that is often ignored or misinterpreted—even by librarians. And while improved search engines have improved access to online documents in recent years, patrons—especially young people—typically need help navigating and understanding the sites. Free Government e-Resources for Youth helps librarians promote online government information to youth and to assist youth in using it to become informed and educated about our federal government and how it works. Author Dorothy Ormes—a Federal Depository Library Program librarian at the university level—has created a guide to government resources that public and school librarians can use to support the education of young citizens. The book covers various areas of K–12 curriculum, highlighting activities and lesson plans based on national and state standards, and gives helpful directions for creating displays and conducting programs for youth on the government. The book also provides a brief explanation of the Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP) and describes how a public library can work with FDLP librarians or take advantage of an unprecedented opportunity to join the FDLP as active participants and benefit the community.
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Wragg, Paul. Free Speech Theory. Hart Publishing, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781509958313.
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Do free speech rights apply against private actors? Free Speech Theory challenges contemporary thought on this issue. It champions free speech not for its contribution to epistemic advance or informed democratic participation, but as a product of individuality, located in a system of freedom from state control. This has wide-ranging implications for rights-claims directed against private actors concerning online, workplace, and public-interest based forms of speech. This innovative, rigorously researched, and comprehensive restatement of free speech principle is both topical and important. It has significance for policy makers, practitioners, and commentators around the world.
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Douglas, Todd. The Police in a Free Society. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400697630.
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Politically motivated attacks are the newest type of aggression to erupt in the cyberworld, making Political Cyberbullying's analysis of the psychology of cyberbullying adult perpetrators, the effects on their victims, and ways we can reduce the damage an essential read. Although cyber-aggression is not a new phenomenon, the presidential campaign and election in 2016 appeared to embolden some adults who exploited the principle of free speech to attack others for their personal characteristics or views, bringing cyberbullying into the political realm. The political climate remained toxic through 2017 and 2018, and 2019 has both enflamed the vitriolic and venomous potential of public discourse and encouraged the appropriation of personal disclosure for political ends, something likely to continue through the 2020 election and after. In this work, psychologist Sheri Bauman, an expert on cyberbullying who has addressed audiences across the nation and internationally, summarizes the world of political cyber-aggression, its perpetrators and their psyche, and its targets and how they are chosen. She then explains steps we can take to defuse the effectiveness and the harms of these online assaults. Case studies bring primary points to life, and the clarity of the text will appeal to students, researchers, and others interested in aggression, communication, and politics online.
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Sperber, Joshua. Consumer Management in the Internet Age. The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781666991833.
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Consumer Management in the Internet Age: How Customers Became Managers in the Modern Workplace analyzes online consumer management, a practice in which customers monitor, report on, and—sometimes unwittingly—discipline workers through writing and posting online reviews. Based on case studies of the websites Yelp and Rate My Professors (RMP), Joshua Sperber analyzes how online reviewing, a popular contemporary hobby, tells us much about the collapse of the barriers separating work and leisure as well as our need for collective purpose and community wherever we can find it. This book explores the economic implications of online reviews, as reviews provide both valuable free content for websites and surveillance of, respectively, restaurant servers and college instructors.
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Bandy, H. Anthony. eBooked! ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400643385.
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A comprehensive look at today's online book sites, such as Google Books and HathiTrust, that gives you the necessary knowledge, skills, and resources to get up to speed on these amazing digital resources and use them effectively in the library setting. Online book sites such as the Google Books project, the Open Library, HathiTrust, and others are transforming our thoughts on just what a library is and does, and expanding the possibilities of what a library can be. Library staff need to be knowledgeable about these sites, but unfortunately many libraries— particularly those in the public arena—do not have the budget or staff time to learn about these sites and integrate them into their library services. eBooked! Integrating Free Online Book Sites into Your Library Collection fills this pressing need. This book examines four of the largest and most popular free, online book sites. Each is discussed in detail in its own chapter, profiling the service in question, identifying its origins and organization and presenting specific, concrete details that describe how to make effective use its available resources. Screenshots, applicable library scenarios, and sample questions that readers can use to quiz themselves are included. The end of each chapter contains a helpful summary that recaps the main points. Other helpful sites are discussed as well.
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Nash, Victoria. Analyzing Freedom of Expression Online: Theoretical, Empirical, and Normative Contributions. Edited by William H. Dutton. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199589074.013.0021.
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This chapter highlights the most significant ways in which research from across Internet Studies combines thematically to offer a picture of the challenges facing freedom of expression in the twenty-first century, as well as the need for broader theoretical frameworks. It suggests that a broader theoretical framework is required to catch the full range of law and policies shaping expression online, and to develop responses for policy and practice. The Internet presents just as many opportunities for digital surveillance or censorship as it does for free expression. The most helpful contribution of Internet Studies has been to expose and illuminate the many different forces that restrict or expand the opportunities to speak and communicate. The Internet has become central to communication and it plays a role in helping multiple actors to obtain their various goals.
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Authors, Collective. International scientific and practical conference CUTTING EDGE-SCIENCE 2021 Shawnee, USA. Primedia E-launch LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37057/u_10.
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We are representing an aggregate of online-based scientific and practical journals with open access, published by Primedia E-launch LLC and peer-reviewed by experts in the relevant field. Open access policy gives us the opportunity to deliver full-text articles from our journals to our readers, free of charge. This allows our authors to reach a greater audience, increasing the citation rate of their scientific works.
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Authors, Collective. International scientific and practical conference CUTTING EDGE-SCIENCE 2021 January-February. Primedia E-launch LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37057/u_7.
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We are representing an aggregate of online-based scientific and practical journals with open access, published by Primedia E-launch LLC and peer-reviewed by experts in the relevant field. Open access policy gives us the opportunity to deliver full-text articles from our journals to our readers, free of charge. This allows our authors to reach a greater audience, increasing the citation rate of their scientific works.
Book chapters on the topic "Free Online OCR"
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Gawrońska-Nowak, Bogna, Piotr Lis, and Joanna Konieczna-Sałamatin. "Online Free Trade Discourse: Expert Knowledge and Attitudes." In Trade Wins or Trade Wars. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76997-0_6.
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Stracke, Christian M., Daniel Burgos, and Ahmed Tlili. "Instructional Quality and Learning Design of Massive Open Online Courses." In Handbook of Open, Distance and Digital Education. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0351-9_95-1.
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AbstractThis chapter analyzes the instructional quality and learning design of different categories of online courses and their history, with a special focus on massive open online courses (MOOCs). Online courses have a long tradition that has gained public attention, broad interest, and huge numbers of participants thanks to the introduction of free MOOCs accessible online for all interested learners worldwide. In this chapter, we first define MOOCs, their characteristics, and history. Afterward, theoretical frameworks and practical instruments and tools based on scientific research are presented. From the beginning, the quality of MOOCs (and of online courses in general) has been debated. That led to discussions about the learning design and outcomes of MOOCs, which we introduce in the next section. Key research findings and practical validated instruments for designing and evaluating MOOCs (and online courses in general) are presented. Then following, the key benefits of MOOCs and the main arguments and scenarios for their usage are summarized. Based on our analysis of the research results, practices, and standards, a framework for categories and types of (massive open) online courses is proposed, called the typologies of online courses (TOC) framework. As part of the global community for open educational resources (OER) and in combination with the UNESCO recommendation on OER, MOOCs can play a significant role in achieving the SDG4 of the United Nations: inclusive and equitable quality education for all. This is true in particular during times of public lockdowns, such as during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
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Stracke, Christian M., Daniel Burgos, and Ahmed Tlili. "Instructional Quality and Learning Design of Massive Open Online Courses." In Handbook of Open, Distance and Digital Education. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2080-6_95.
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AbstractThis chapter analyzes the instructional quality and learning design of different categories of online courses and their history, with a special focus on massive open online courses (MOOCs). Online courses have a long tradition that has gained public attention, broad interest, and huge numbers of participants thanks to the introduction of free MOOCs accessible online for all interested learners worldwide. In this chapter, we first define MOOCs, their characteristics, and history. Afterward, theoretical frameworks and practical instruments and tools based on scientific research are presented. From the beginning, the quality of MOOCs (and of online courses in general) has been debated. That led to discussions about the learning design and outcomes of MOOCs, which we introduce in the next section. Key research findings and practical validated instruments for designing and evaluating MOOCs (and online courses in general) are presented. Then following, the key benefits of MOOCs and the main arguments and scenarios for their usage are summarized. Based on our analysis of the research results, practices, and standards, a framework for categories and types of (massive open) online courses is proposed, called the typologies of online courses (TOC) framework. As part of the global community for open educational resources (OER) and in combination with the UNESCO recommendation on OER, MOOCs can play a significant role in achieving the SDG4 of the United Nations: inclusive and equitable quality education for all. This is true in particular during times of public lockdowns, such as during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
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Welekar, Rashmi, and Nileshsingh V. Thakur. "Possible Approaches for Character Recognition With Existing Methodologies and State-of-the-Art Techniques." In Technological Innovations in Knowledge Management and Decision Support. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6164-4.ch010.
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The world started to talk about optical character recognition (OCR) around 1870. Then over another 25 years OCR systems were designed for industrial applications. And now the OCR software is easily available online for free, through products like Acrobat reader, WebOCR, etc. But still the research is on. Do we need to switch direction or introduce new hypothesis are some of the key questions? The purpose of this chapter is to answer the above questions and propose new methods for character recognition.
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Gunnar, Niels, Jenkins Helen, and Kavanagh James. "Vertical Restraints." In Economics for Competition Lawyers 3e. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law-ocl/9780198851332.003.0007.
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This chapter covers vertical restraints and explains how they differ from horizontal agreements. It starts with the main efficiency rationales for vertical restraints (free riding, hold-up, and double marginalization). The chapter then turns to foreclosure effects, which are often similar to those in abuse of dominance cases. Next it considers vertical restraints that continue to receive hostile treatment under competition law: resale price maintenance and territorial restrictions along national boundaries, which in the European Union violate the single-market objective. The chapter then deals with vertical restraints in online markets, including online distribution systems and most-favoured-nation clauses (MFNs).
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Conole, Gráinne, Patrick McAndrew, and Yannis Dimitriadis. "The Role of CSCL Pedagogical Patterns as Mediating Artefacts for Repurposing Open Educational Resources." In Techniques for Fostering Collaboration in Online Learning Communities. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61692-898-8.ch012.
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Designing effective CSCL processes is a complex task that can be supported by existing good practices formulated as pedagogical patterns. From a cultural historical activity theory (CHAT) perspective previous research has shown that patterns served as Mediating Artefacts (MA) helping practitioners to make informed decisions and choices, being much closer to the practitioners’ mindsets than complex learning design models, such as IMS-LD. However, a new challenge arises when the starting design element corresponds to Open Educational Resources (OER), i.e. free resources of high quality that are typically employed for individual learning. Recent research reported in this chapter has aimed to analyze the eventual contribution of CSCL patterns such as Collaborative Learning Flow Patterns (CLFP) in the repurposing process of existing OER for collaborative learning. Preliminary evidence coming from a set of workshops with educational technology experts shows that a small set of patterns drawn from a CSCL pattern language together with other MA, such as visual representations of Learning Designs, may be inspirational and effective in repurposing existing OER. Further research is under development that builds on the successful workshop format and involves practitioners in face-to-face and virtual workshops. This new set of experiences aims to analyze the effectiveness of the pedagogical patterns and other complementary MA in helping practitioners exploit the great potential of OER in the framework of the Open Learning Network (OLnet) project funded by The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation.
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de Deus, William Simão, Fernando Cesar Balbino, Leonardo Vieira Barcelos, and Ellen Francine Barbosa. "Fostering the Teaching and Learning of Computer Programming With Open Educational Resources." In Navigating Computer Science Education in the 21st Century. IGI Global, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-1066-3.ch002.
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Open educational resources (OER) are materials designed for teaching, learning, or research. They are free and open, facilitating their use and reuse within a community of users. Due to these characteristics, OER can play a crucial role in supporting the teaching and learning of computer programming. They can provide, for instance, resources such as video classes, open books, and free online courses for students, along with various teaching materials for educators. However, these resources are hidden in large digital collections, generating a discovery problem for users. Considering this scenario, the purpose of this chapter is to discuss how to articulate OER and computer programming, emphasizing two main lines of necessary action: first, addressing the challenges that students and teachers still face when seeking such materials; second, outlining solutions that researchers or individuals interested in the topic can adopt to facilitate the reuse of these materials. Together, these two lines of action pave the way for the widespread use of OER in programming education.
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De Agostini, Giancarlo. "Ethics and Online Education." In 3rd International Congress on Ethics of Cuenca [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.112337.
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Before the pandemic, both in Ecuador and in the world, e-learning was not widely used, although it was known. This proposal is since in the post-pandemic period there has been an increase in the use, in general, of distance education, in its different modalities, with very little experience on the part of teachers in the design of courses for online or virtual education, in the various educational platforms. However, ethics, mainly from the teacher’s point of view, has not been wholly developed. The teachers’ training in the design of virtual events is necessary, together with their human capacity to relate to students and their preparation to properly use educational platforms with their dozens of internal facilities and the hundreds of existing and free Open Educational Resources (OER). This document discusses the teachers’ ethics, especially for the online modality, as an essential point, in its various perspectives.
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Starbird, Kate. "Strategy and Structure." In Social Media, Freedom of Speech, and the Future of our Democracy. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197621080.003.0013.
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Abstract The pervasive spread of disinformation online is a critical societal issue, limiting our ability to respond to collective challenges such as pandemics and climate change. This essay defines disinformation as intentional, misleading but often built around a true or plausible core, and functioning as a campaign rather than a single piece of content. Online disinformation exploits social media and other information systems (both online and off) in complex ways, and disinformation can become embedded in the structures of online ecosystems. Disinformation is participatory, incorporating unwitting crowds of sincere believers who routinely amplify and even produce false and misleading narratives. The essay explores how our commitments to freedom of speech complicate the challenge of addressing disinformation. The strategies of disinformation have long exploited freedom of speech to manipulate democratic discourse and justify their actions. Examining the history of these strategies reveals the persistent challenge of addressing disinformation while preserving our democratic commitments to free speech. Finally, the essay offers a few suggestions regarding how platforms can navigate these challenges, focusing on the structural dimensions and attending to the participatory dynamics of disinformation.
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Molz, Jennie Germann. "Hack and Disrupt." In The World Is Our Classroom. NYU Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479891689.003.0005.
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Many of the worldschooling parents in this study identify themselves as “digital nomads” on the basis of the location-independent, online, and entrepreneurial work they do to fund their families’ mobile lifestyles. Using the concepts of hacking and disrupting as a framing device, the chapter examines how worldschoolers reject taken-for-granted social scripts for success and instead deliberately design a new lifestyle, one in which the application of entrepreneurial techniques sets them free to live their best life. The analysis reveals that the entrepreneurial logic worldschoolers apply toward their work infuses other aspects of their lives as well. They use entrepreneurial strategies to hack their children’s education, which they refer to as “hackschooling,” teach their children entrepreneurial skills and sensibilities, manage their families as an enterprise, and capitalize on their lifestyles by building online businesses around their expertise in family travel. These strategies enable worldschoolers and their children to become the kind of “entrepreneurial selves” who are able to frame risk not as a threat, but as an opportunity. However, this exercise in self-determination must be read against the backdrop of neoliberal ideologies that encourage individuals to relate to themselves, their families, and their lives through a market logic.
Conference papers on the topic "Free Online OCR"
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Wujek, Scott S., Predrag S. Hrnjak, and Christopher J. Seeton. "Online Measurement Techniques for Determining Oil Circulation Rate." In ASME/JSME 2007 5th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2007-37640.
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Refrigeration and air-conditioning (AC) systems employ refrigerant as the working fluid; however, a portion of oil is discharged from the compressor as part of the compression process and also circulates through the system. This small amount of parasitic fluid causes heat transfer and pressure drop correlations that were developed for pure refrigerant flow to fail and needs to be determined for proper design of heat exchange equipment and connection piping. It is desired to be able to measure the small concentrations of oil circulating as a component of the working fluid online in real time. The oil in circulation as a fraction of the total fluid flow rate is termed the oil circulation rate or oil circulation ratio (OCR). The goal of this study was to determine which combination of fluid property measurements could be used to accurately and precisely quantify OCR. Oil, which is needed to lubricate the compressor, is carried with the refrigerant throughout the system. Oil affects fluid properties such as enthalpy, thermal conductivity, and viscosity and can impact the ability to accurately measure heat exchanger and system performance. Fluid property and flow maps have been developed for various refrigerant-oil mixtures; in combination with these maps the ability to accurately measure OCR online may prove to be a powerful tool in quickly measuring, analyzing, and improving system performance. Without this ability to accurately measure the oil circulation rate over the range of operating conditions, it is impossible to create accurate thermodynamic balances based entirely on the properties of the refrigerant portion of the working fluid. The refrigerant-lubricant mixture selected for this study is a commonly used mixture for automotive AC systems: R134a with ND-8 oil. In a typical air conditioner, utilizing R134a with ND-8, a single phase exists only in subcooled portions of the condenser and the liquid line. Therefore, the experiments were conducted at typical automotive AC conditions between 20 °C and 45 °C, pressures ranging from the saturation pressure up to 1900 kPa, and an OCR between 0% and 12%, and a fixed mass flux of nominally 300 kg/m2s. For a single phase fluid comprised of two components, it is necessary to measure three independent fluid properties to completely describe its state. Since the temperature and pressure are easily obtainable, additional readily available properties to determine the liquid composition were selected: density, ultra-violet light absorptivity, and refractive index. The accuracy and precision of calculating the OCR with these measurements are compared analytically and experimentally. The experimental apparatus was located within an environmental chamber which was capable of controlling the temperature over the range of test conditions. The working fluid was circulated using an oil free gear pump and the pressure of the mixture was controlled via a hydraulic cylinder which was attached to a variable pressure source. Precise quantities of oil were incorporated into the working fluid with a high pressure liquid chromatography pump. A length of clear nylon tubing permitted flow visualization.
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Mays, Tony, and Wayne Mackintosh. "OER-Enabled Online Micro-Courses for Teachers - Remixing for Resilience in the South Pacific." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.5682.
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Open, distance and flexible learning (ODFL) is a key strategy for building resilient education systems in the Pacific, given the difficulty of providing more traditional campus-based learning for widely distributed and culturally diverse learners. However, few of the teachers currently in-service have received training in or through ODFL. It is therefore necessary to make such training available in ways that both model and build such capacity in cost-effective and scalable ways. This paper explores the rationale for and design of an open learning ecosystem as exemplified in a micro-course called Digital Skills for OER Sharing (DS4OERS), which is the first of several courses that have been developed or are in development under the Pacific Partnership for Open, Distance and Flexible Learning led by the Commonwealth of Learning. The platform and course were designed to be as open and flexible as possible and use was made of digital badging both to encourage active learning and to allow for multiple exit and re-entry points. Moreover, the pedagogical approach and technologies deployed were designed for remix to build resilience for professional development solutions in the region. Feedback from participants in the first mediated iteration of the course offered to 1560 teachers will be shared as will core learnings which have influenced subsequent design and implementation. Published as OER using free and open source software digital learning environment, the course was remixed and deployed by the Ministry of Education, Sports and Culture in Samoa demonstrating the potential for scaling professional development using open online micro-courses.
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Condruzbacescu, Monica. "PROMOTING OPEN EDUCATION AND FREE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES." In eLSE 2020. University Publishing House, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-20-039.
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The paper focuses on promoting open education and free educational resources. The dynamics of the changes that take place in the world are a challenge for all actors in the education system. Accepting and promoting the postmodern paradigm, based on humanism and constructivism, approaching education from the perspective of the learner and developing the education process from the perspective of the pedagogy focused on competences are just some of the new imperatives. All these realities require a resizing of the educational process and resources, but also of the purposes. Training systems must contribute to meeting the increasingly pressing need for continuous updating of knowledge and skills in the conditions of an increasingly expanded international labor market, while at the same time pursuing greater efficiency and equity. In this context, there is also widespread use, including in the education system, of technologies and information resources, as well as facilitating, through them, access and exchange of information. Electronic resources, online content and virtual educational spaces offer the latest, most diverse information and continuing education opportunities. In recent years, the issues directly related to open data / open educational resources are being widely addressed by the international educational community. At European level, a series of actions were carried out regarding the promotion of open data, in order to improve the quality and access to education, the European Commission elaborating a series of public policy documents that encourage the re-use of information in innovative ways and the design of educational materials under open licenses. Over the last decade, the supply of OER in the world has grown exponentially. However, while there is an increasing variety of subjects, OERs are typically produced in a limited number of languages (mainly in English), and used by certain sectors of education (especially higher education) and specific disciplines.
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Singireddy, Vishal Reddy, Rohit Jogineedi, and Peter Filip. "Performance of environmentally sustainable NAO Cu-free brake pads containing nitrile rubbers and recycled friction material." In EuroBrake 2022. FISITA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/eb2022-ebs-016.
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"As the automotive industry tends towards development of sustainable and environmentally friendly friction material, studies on potentially recycling and re-using friction material have become increasingly important. In this research, two brake pads, made of sustainable recycled friction material (ACI Industries, Ltd.), identical in formulation except the type of rubber (Zeon Chemicals L.P.), were developed in the laboratory. Rubbers are a key component in brake friction material and impact dampening the friction level and stability, wear, vibration, and noise, by contributing to formation of friction layers and influencing mechanical and thermal and corrosion properties of brake pads. These aspects become even more relevant when electric vehicles are considered since they are almost noise-free. The laboratory-developed samples were tested by adopting the scaled-down SAE J2522 brake effectiveness procedure [1, 2, 3] against surface treated commercially available pearlitic gray cast iron rotors (Waupaca Foundry Inc.), [4, 5]. Universal Mechanical Tester (UMT, Tribolab by Bruker) was used to perform the test. Vibrational response was characterized by using a triaxial ICP accelerometer (PCB Electronics, Model = 356A45), sound pressure levels were monitored by a ¼” free-field prepolarized microphone (PCB Electronics, Model = 377C01) and data from them were collected using a high-performance oscilloscope (Agilent Technologies, Model = MSOX2024A) and DAQ (NI USB - 6218). Wear debris and the friction surfaces of tested samples were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (FEI, Model: Quanta FEG450) and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX, Oxford Instruments). Mechanical properties, density and porosity were measured using CV Shore D durometer (ASTM D2240) and AWS ALX – 310 precision balance. The developed lightweight samples exhibited extremely low open porosity (< 3.5 %) and optimal (with respect to compressibility) hardness (~ 55). The newly developed pads when tested against coated rotors developed optimal friction layer responsible for very stable and relatively high friction levels, very low wear of pads and rotors, and a extremely ""quiet"" operating conditions. This performance was ascribed to a combined effect of the i) appropriate friction layer, ii) hardness and compressibility, and iii) the low porosity. [1] Rohith Redda Boyna, “Impact of Friction Test Scale on Brake Friction Performance”, Master’s thesis, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, December 2016 [2] Vishal Reddy, et al., ""Impact of Acrylic Fiber on the Performance of Newly Developed Friction Materials for Vehicles with Regenerative Braking,"" 38th Annual SAE Brake Colloquium (Online and on-demand), Oct. 2020 [oral presentation only] [3] Vishal Reddy, et al., “On Scaled-down Bench Testing to Accelerate Development of Novel Friction Brake Materials” (to be published) [4] Filip, Peter, and Nathan K. Meckel. ""Wear resistant braking systems."" U.S. Patent 10,895,295, issued January 19, 2021. [5] Filip, Peter, and Nathan K. Meckel. ""Wear resistant braking systems."" U.S. Patent 10,197,121, issued February 5, 2019. "
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Craciun, Dana, and Nicolae Hurduzeu. "BRINGING HISTORY TO LIFE THROUGH ICT RESOURCES AND AUGMENTED REALITY." In eLSE 2016. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-16-180.
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The internet represents an exceptional support for history teaching activities as it provides access to information from all fields of knowledge and activity, huge research and documenting possibilities, real time information updates, large grounds for imagination, creativity and resolute anticipation all while developing communicational informational processing competencies. According to the Horizon Report Europe 2014 - Schools Edition, the current tendencies in integrating ICT in education target open educational resource (OER) usage, the development of hybrid learning designs and a re-evaluation of the role of the teacher as a mentor and facilitator of the learning process. The access to OERs and various online applications can be a real support for history teachers by helping them improve the design of their lessons so that can engage and motivate students more efficiently. However, it also represents an opportunity for students to learn in a new, exciting way which can lead to the development of the necessary 21st century skills (learning, life and carrier skills). Students can use ICT to search and select information and data sources during their history studies. This information can then be further refined and presented in class. Hence, ICT extends the range of tools and techniques which students can utilize when sharing their understanding of history, knowing that solid sources, a good, arguments-based presentation of the findings and a strong conclusion are of outmost importance. The way students interact with this information is shaped by the visualization technologies employed. Through the use of advanced visualization technologies such as augmented reality (AR), students can interact with and manipulate the information more easily by involving more than just their visual senses. Augmented reality has already been successfully used in archeology (for the digital reconstruction of ancient constructions), architecture (for the digital display of future buildings and projects) or in large museums to facilitate the access of visitors to additional information about the works of interest. Starting from the above mentioned ideas, the present study offers several possibilities in which ICT and AR can be used in order to create authentic learning experiences within history classes, while also presenting and analyzing several free visualization applications such as ZooBurst and Wikitude.
Reports on the topic "Free Online OCR"
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Rohwerder, Brigitte. Humanitarian Learning Resource Guide. Institute of Development Studies, 2025. https://doi.org/10.19088/k4dd.2024.079.
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This resource guide from the Knowledge for Development and Diplomacy programme (K4DD) is designed to provide the UK Government’s Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) staff and other interested parties with information about free online courses and materials they can use to develop or refresh their humanitarian technical competencies. It is not an exhaustive list but provides a starting point for those working to support FCDO’s humanitarian objectives. Further resources may be added. The listing does not attempt to provide a sector-by-sector guide. It briefly explains what each course or resource is, what it covers and how long it takes (where information is available). The courses and resources are mostly aimed at people with at least an awareness or foundational level of knowledge about humanitarian response or development, but some are focused more at practitioner and expert levels. Most online courses require registration and can be started whenever the user wants. Inclusion in this list does not mean that courses or resources are officially endorsed by FCDO or the Knowledge for Development and Diplomacy programme.
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Yatsymirska, Mariya, and Bohdan Markevych. MEDIA TEXTS AND PERSUASION. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2024.54-55.12170.
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Abstract. The article clarifies specific concepts of persuasion in media texts; describes new techniques of media influence based on materials of online publications; shows the role of expressive means of language and emotions in visual communication. In social communication, persuasive logos refer to meaningful words and thoughts conveyed through mass media and logically perceived as a reasonable persuasion to proper actions based on the principles of morality, ethics, and culture; informational and influential accents. In modern science (Philosophy, Psychology, Rhetoric, Linguistics), logos has acquired not only new meanings, but also has become an important concept of rational expression of free ideas, meanings, reflections. From this perspective, new media serve as the most concentrated source of logosphere and eidosphere creation, which should be thoroughly studied and analyzed every day. The research on multimedia texts, genre diversity, new platforms, and online publications has significantly contributed to the Media Studies. Techniques of persuasive communication, methods of argumentation, and verbal tools form a separate area of the research within the field. Unlike manipulation, persuasion is the conscious use of written or spoken language, interactive visualization, and infographics to influence someone’s beliefs, views, or actions; gain someone’s support, approve the suggested ways of behavior, intentions, etc. Means of persuasion in media texts serve as logical information accents aimed at the proper perception of the corresponding meanings. In general, factors of persuasion are to influence the masses and the motivation of their actions, modify views, and form public opinion. In journalism, these are meaningful words, thoughts, principles of high-quality narrative with the use of convincing arguments, facts and, most importantly, positive intentions for the readers. Persuasive media texts exclude manipulation of public opinion, trust and people’s inclination to perceive doctrines imposed on them. Keywords: persuasion, concept, visual information, social communication.
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Johan, Johan, Martina Rotolo, Carl-Johan Sommar, et al. Technological and social adaptation to COVID-19: Food for Vulnerable Urban Groups in Six Global Cities. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/9789180750578.
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This report outlines the results from the research project Food for Urban Life and Localities (FULL) funded by Formas (2020-02864). The research set out to learn how COVID-19 response strategies in six cities (Stockholm, London, Wuhan, Singapore, Sydney, and Seoul) have facilitated access to food for vulnerable groups and how new food supply solutions have emerged through social and technological innovations. This report presents the case of each city in turn and pauses on the role of community-based organisations, ad- hoc community initiatives and municipalities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The report provides a detailed discussion of local or community-level responses in cities that aim to provide access to food through social and/or technological innovations. The lessons learned are important for the Swedish context in the case of similar events that challenge local access to food. The research collected data through qualitative and quantitative methods, and also made use of the breadth of online data sources in response to COVID-19 restrictions on free movement and travelling. The overall finding is that in situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic, local access to food is extremely challenging and cannot be addressed by existing welfare or state arrangements only;civil society organisations and voluntary community organizations (VCOs) step in to fill the gap in public provision; and the stricter the lockdown, the more dependent on civil society response urban areas and communities were.
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Langlais, Pierre-Carl. Open Science Infrastructure. Comité pour la science ouverte, 2023. https://doi.org/10.52949/75.
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Open Science infrastructure plays a fundamental role in research. Large ecosystems of interconnected scholarly infrastructures have emerged in Europe, South and North America since 2000, through the development of new open science projects and the conversion of legacy infrastructures to open science principles. In 2021 the Unesco described Open Infrastructures as “shared research infrastructures that are needed to support open science and serve the needs of different communities” and acknowledged them as one of the four pillars of Open Science. The landscape of open infrastructure is significantly decentralized. While a few very large actors exist, most infrastructures have a small size and rely on limited costs (less than €50,000 per year). While diverse, the ecosystem is still highly integrated: most infrastructures belong to a wider ecosystem of scholarly commons, with privileged interaction through free services (ORCID, Datacite), free software (OJS) or open knowledge projects (Wikidata). Open science infrastructure became technically feasible after the creation of the World Wide Web. While scientific computing infrastructures have been developed since the 1960s, they were generally inaccessible to their end users. Electronic diffusion of articles, databases and other scientific outputs quickly developed after 1990, which stirred increasing concerns on the sustainability of online research projects. After this initial period of rapid and uncontrolled expansion, the 2000s saw a movement of consolidation, as large projects were able to secure recurrent fundings. Numerous initiatives have been taken after 2015 to better define, support and protect open science infrastructures, as large commercial publishers have begun acquiring critical common infrastructures such as open repositories. The Principles for Open Scholarly Infrastructure laid influential recommendations on sustainability, collaborative governance and the funding of open infrastructures, based on the theory of common-resource management of Elinor Ostrom. They have influenced in turn major reports, policies and initiatives. By 2022, major historical scientific infrastructures have endorsed open science as an integral part of their activity and identity. It has become an essential topic of debate for the future of research along with the conversion of the publishing system: in 2021, a collective of researchers called for a Plan I or Plan Infrastructure in reaction to the plan S of the cOAlition S.
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Kira, Beatriz, Rutendo Tavengerwei, and Valary Mumbo. Points à examiner à l'approche des négociations de Phase II de la ZLECAf: enjeux de la politique commerciale numérique dans quatre pays d'Afrique subsaharienne. Digital Pathways at Oxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-dp-wp_2022/01.
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Realities such as the COVID-19 pandemic have expedited the move to online operations, highlighting the undeniable fact that the world is continuing to go digital. This emphasises the need for policymakers to regulate in a manner that allows them to harness digital trade benefits while also avoiding associated risk. However, given that digital trade remains unco-ordinated globally, with countries adopting different approaches to policy issues, national regulatory divergence on the matter continues, placing limits on the benefits that countries can obtain from digital trade. Given these disparities, ahead of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Phase II Negotiations, African countries have been considering the best way to harmonise regulations on issues related to digital trade. To do this effectively, AfCFTA members need to identify where divergencies exist in their domestic regulatory systems. This will allow AfCFTA members to determine where harmonisation is possible, as well as what is needed to achieve such harmonisation. This report analyses the domestic regulations and policies of four focus countries – South Africa, Nigeria, Kenya and Senegal – comparing their regulatory approaches to five policy issues: i) regulation of online transactions; ii) cross-border data flows, data localisation, and personal data protection; iii) access to source code and technology transfer; iv) intermediary liability; and v) customs duties on electronic transmissions. The study highlights where divergencies exist in adopted approaches, indicating the need for the four countries – and AfCFTA members in general – to carefully consider the implications of the divergences, and determine where it is possible and beneficial to harmonise approaches. This was intended to encourage AfCFTA member states to take ownership of these issues and reflect on the reforms needed. As seen in Table 1 below, the study shows that the four countries diverge on most of the five policy issues. There are differences in how all four countries regulate online transactions – that is, e-signatures and online consumer protection. Nigeria was the only country out of the four to recognise all types of e-signatures as legally equivalent. Kenya and Senegal only recognise specific e-signatures, which are either issued or validated by a recognised institution, while South Africa adopts a mixed approach, where it recognises all e-signatures as legally valid, but provides higher evidentiary weight to certain types of e-signatures. Only South Africa and Senegal have specific regulations relating to online consumer protection, while Nigeria and Kenya do not have any clear rules. With regards to cross border data flows, data localisation, and personal data protection, the study shows that all four focus countries have regulations that consist of elements borrowed from the European Union (EU) General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). In particular, this was regarding the need for the data subject's consent, and also the adequacy requirement. Interestingly, the study also shows that South Africa, Kenya and Nigeria also adopt data localisation measures, although at different levels of strictness. South Africa’s data localisation laws are mostly imposed on data that is considered critical – which is then required to be processed within South African borders – while Nigeria requires all data to be processed and stored locally, using local servers. Kenya imposes data localisation measures that are mostly linked to its priority for data privacy. Out of the four focus countries, Senegal is the only country that does not impose any data localisation laws. Although the study shows that all four countries share a position on customs duties on electronic transmissions, it is also interesting to note that none of the four countries currently have domestic regulations or policies on the subject. The report concludes by highlighting that, as the AfCFTA Phase II Negotiations aim to arrive at harmonisation and to improve intra-African trade and international trade, AfCFTA members should reflect on their national policies and domestic regulations to determine where harmonisation is needed, and whether AfCFTA is the right platform for achieving this efficiently.
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Serafica, Ramonette, Kris Francisco, and Queen Cel Oren. Making Broadband Universal: A Review of Philippine Policies and Strategies. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.62986/dp2023.31.
Full textAbstract:
Accelerating digitalization is one of the cross-cutting strategies identified in the Philippine Development Plan 2023-2028. To ensure that the benefits of digitalization benefit everyone, widespread adoption of the internet is essential. This study provides an overview of the concepts and strategies that have been employed to increase broadband adoption. It then presents the state of broadband services in the Philippines and discusses the policies and strategies at the national and community level, including initiatives to provide relevant online services and content. The government has in place a National Broadband Plan, a a coherent set of proposed policy, regulatory, and infrastructure interventions to ensure the delivery of universal, fast, reliable, affordable broadband internet services. While significant reforms have been introduced in recent years and additional measures are planned, the implementation of government programs has been less than satisfactory. There is a need to revisit the design of Free Wi-Fi for All to ensure that the country’s flagship universal access program will fulfill its objectives, given the substantial public funding that is being allocated for internet services in public places. Moreover, with satellite technologies and service providers now available, connecting GIDAs to the internet is no longer insurmountable. To better understand the development of broadband in the Philippines, a broadband map should be developed. More comprehensive data will also help uncover digital connectivity disparities among specific sectors or groups and guide the development of more targeted solutions.
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Belcher, Scott, Terri Belcher, James Grimes, Lusa Holmstrom, and Andy Souders. Does the Transit Industry Understand the Risks of Cybersecurity and are the Risks Being Appropriately Prioritized? Mineta Transportation Institute, 2025. https://doi.org/10.31979/mti.2025.2405.
Full textAbstract:
The intent of this study is to assess the readiness, resourcing, and capabilities of public transit agencies to detect, identify, be protected from, respond to, and recover from cybersecurity vulnerabilities and threats. This study is an update of the 2020 Mineta Transportation Institute (MTI) study, “Is the Transit Industry Prepared for the Cyber Revolution? Policy Recommendations to Enhance Surface Transit Cyber Preparedness.” In the previous study, the authors found that the transit industry was ill-prepared for cybersecurity attacks. Unfortunately, after four years and the development of new, and often free, resources, the situation has not markedly improved. In fact, this survey, which included a larger number of small rural transit agencies, shows that they lag far behind their larger peers. The increasing sophistication of cybercriminals, in combination with a greater reliance on technology within the transit industry, puts the industry at greater risk than in 2020. This study reviews and updates the state of best cybersecurity practices in public surface transit; outlines U.S. public surface transit operators’ cybersecurity operations and the resources available to them; reviews U.S. policy on cybersecurity in public surface transportation; and provides policy recommendations that address gaps or identify issues for Congress, the Executive Branch, public surface transit agencies, and their associations and other supporting organizations. Research methods include an online survey and oral interviews with public surface transit agencies in the United States as well as oral interviews with members of the Executive Branch (e.g., the U.S. Department of Transportation, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security), as well as research of literature published in periodicals. There is an exponentially expanding gap between the cybersecurity preparedness that should exist and the growing threats from increased reliance on technology and the opportunities by malicious actors. This research provides information that can be used to help close that gap.
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‘CAMHS around the campfire’ – Sleep, anxiety, and depression. ACAMH, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.14263.
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'CAMHS around the Campfire’, is our a free live online journal club. This session was on Dr. Faith Orchard's JCPP paper on sleep, anxiety, and depression, recorded on Thursday 10 December 2020. Please visit our Events page for details of upcoming sessions.
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Emotionally based school avoidance (recording). ACAMH, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.21741.
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This webinar discussed Emotionally based school avoidance (EBSA) a term used to describe young people who have difficulty attending school due to emotional needs. Dr. Cat Halligan and Jemma Michelson who have developed and delivered the Royal Free Children’s Hospital School’s ‘LinkEdUP’ online reengagement programme were our speakers
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Developmental language disorders, young offenders, and reoffending – CAMHS around the Campfire. ACAMH, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.14883.
Full textAbstract:
‘CAMHS around the Campfire’, is our a free live online journal club. This session was on the JCPP paper by Dr. Maxine Winstanley ‘Developmental language disorders and risk of recidivism among young offenders’. It was recorded on Monday 1 March 2021. Please visit our Events page for details of upcoming sessions. ACAMH members can now receive a CPD certificate for watching this recorded lecture.