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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Free radicals (Chemistry)'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

Qureshi, Tariq. "Spin chemistry." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365292.

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2

Mills, Tim. "Studies in free radical chemistry." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342465.

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3

Imrie, Christopher. "The chemistry of free radicals containing a ferrocenyl moiety." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390393.

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4

梁韻詩 and Wan-sze Leung. "High resolution spectroscopy of free radicals." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31237319.

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5

Leung, Wan-sze. "High resolution spectroscopy of free radicals /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19737610.

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6

Crockett, Rowena. "Generation of free radicals from heterocyclic compounds." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.290239.

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Tetrazolinones, thiatriazole 1-oxides and meso-ionic oxatriazoles were investigated as sources of free radicals. Mono-substituted tetrazolinones decomposed at their melting points. Nitrosation and nitration of the tetrazolinone ring was unsuccessful, although alkoxyalkylation of the ring took place in ether in the presence of nitrosomium and nitronium tetrafluoroborate. The tetrazolinone ring was photolytically unstable, and both eliminated nitrogen and cycloreverted. γ-irradiation of the naphthyl deivative caused cleavage of the nitrogen-hydrogen bond to give a radical which was identified by

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7

Robles, Eric San Jose. "Electronic spectroscopy of jet-cooled organometallic free radicals /." The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487776801323524.

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8

Towle, Jonathan Peter. "The LMR spectra of free radicals." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7ac8e9e4-33e8-428b-962d-943bf07d5f94.

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Laser Magnetic Resonance (LMR) is a very sensitive, accurate and high resolution spectroscopic technique. Transitions of paramagnetic species are brought into coincidence with a fixed frequency laser using Zeeman tuning. Three different LMR spectrometers are described, two of which use the CO laser as a radiation source and the other used optically pumped far-infrared lasers. These LMR spectrometers have been used to study four radicals, germanium hydride (GeH), tellurium deuteride (TeD), iron hydride (FeH) and iron deuteride (FeD). Transitions in the fundamental and first hot bands of the GeH

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9

Hon, Nyok-Sai. "Formation, characterization, and chemical reactions of free radicals in lignin." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54437.

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Free radicals are produced in lignin during mechanical treatment and irradiation with light of various wavelengths. During mechanical treatment, the lignin macromolecule is degraded severely as revealed by ESR and viscosity measurements. Several types of mechano-radicals are produced in lignin during the mechanical process. Among these the phenoxy radicals are rather stable, where carbon-radicals are labile at ambient conditions. Transient mechano-radicals reacted readily with oxygen molecules to produce peroxy radicals even at 77°K, but they decayed rapidly at ambient temperature. Photodegr

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10

Wood, Geoffrey Paul Farra. "Theoretical Investigations of Radical-Mediated Protein Oxidation." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1413.

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This thesis primarily details the application of high-level ab initio quantum chemistry techniques in order to understand aspects of free-radical mediated protein oxidation. Traditionally, product analysis and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy are the primary means for elucidating the chemistry of protein oxidation. However, in experiments involving relatively small proteins reacting with a controlled radical-flux, a vast array of compounds can be produced, which are often difficult to analyse. Quantum chemical techniques on the other hand, can calculate the properties of any

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11

Wood, Geoffrey Paul Farra. "Theoretical Investigations of Radical-Mediated Protein Oxidation." University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1413.

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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)<br>This thesis primarily details the application of high-level ab initio quantum chemistry techniques in order to understand aspects of free-radical mediated protein oxidation. Traditionally, product analysis and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy are the primary means for elucidating the chemistry of protein oxidation. However, in experiments involving relatively small proteins reacting with a controlled radical-flux, a vast array of compounds can be produced, which are often difficult to analyse. Quantum chemical techniques on the other hand, can ca

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12

Ishaq, Ahtsham. "The development and use of novel green radical methodology." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=158370.

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Over the last forty years the steady use of radical reactions as the key steps in syntheses has increased. The most commonly used radical reagent is tributyl tinhydride. However such tin based radical reagents are toxic and often contaminate the product as they are difficult to remove. As an alternative to these tin reagents, a novel NaBH4/U.V. system was developed. This system was successfully used to effect the radical reduction of various aromatic halides. In light of these results it was thought that other useful transformations such as C-C bond formation could be achieved. Radical cyclisa

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13

Zaidi, Naveed Ahmed. "Ring opening/cyclisation in oxiranyl carbinyl free radicals." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303179.

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14

Black, Michael. "Gas phase cyclisation reactions of aromatic free radicals." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10822.

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15

Pushkarsky, Michael B. "High resolution spectroscopy and photochemistry of the free radicals /." The Ohio State University, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488202678773409.

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16

Zhao, Zhijun. "Laser flash photolysis studies of some gas phase reactions of atmospheric interest." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31790.

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Thesis (Ph.D)--Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.<br>Committee Chair: Wine, Paul; Committee Member: Huey, Greg; Committee Member: Mulholland, James; Committee Member: Nenes, Athanasios; Committee Member: Weber, Rodney. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

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17

Wright, N. G. "Laser induced fluorescence studies of some simple free radicals." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.354707.

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18

Huang, Horng-Chih. "Total syntheses of (+,-) pleurotin and (+,-) dihydropleurotin acid /." The Ohio State University, 1988. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487584612165839.

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19

Fitzpatrick, James Alexandr John. "Hyperfine structure in the excited electronic states of free radicals." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288579.

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20

Burrows, Jeremy N. "Free radical methodology and approaches to the synthesis of roseophilin." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a2bd60aa-c369-4412-aea1-d93a6eab07db.

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The homolytic Brook rearrangement is discussed and homolytic fragmentations of epoxides and epoxysilane chemistry are reviewed. Thiyl radical induced isomerisation was performed on spiro alkenylepoxysilanes to generate novel alkenyl-α-trimethylsilylaldehydes rather than the products of radical Brook rearrangement. The trimethylsilylaldehydes were shown to isomerise on heating to silyldienol ethers and, via the addition of a Grignard reagent, to act as stereoselective vinyl cation equivalents. Attempts to extend the scope of the isomerisation to non-rigid systems met with failure. A review of t

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21

Ma, Tongmei, and 馬彤梅. "Cavity ringdown laser absorption spectroscopy of free radicals." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30137342.

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22

Kirsop, Peter James. "Determination of the philicity of the aryl radical." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2007. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=217986.

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Radicals, like other functional groups, may be classed as nucleophiles or electrophiles depending upon their character. Much has been done in the past to determine theÃ‚Â· nucleophilicity or electrophilicity of a wide ra~ge of radicals, but it .. does not appear that the philicity ofthe aryl radical has yet been determined. A competitive cyclisation of an aryl radical to one of two alkyl chains containing olefins ofdiffering electron density was undertaken to determine aryl radical philicity. Prior to cyclisation, synthesis of the precursors was required, starting from simple commercially avai

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23

Crosby, David. "Preliminary studies of the reactions of alkenyl α-nitroalkyl free radicals". Thesis, Loughborough University, 1993. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/26974.

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The mechanistic fate of alkenyl α-nitroalkyl free radicals generated in the following reactions has been studied: SRN1 reactions between α-bromonitro compounds and nucleophiles, reductive reactions between α-substituted nitro compounds and tri-n-butyltin(IV)hydride (Bu3SnH) or 1,4-dihydro-N-benzylnicotinamide (BNAH), oxidative reactions between alkenyl nitronate anions and nucleophiles and the photolytic rearrangement of α-iodonitro compounds have all been studied.

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24

Ritchie, A. J. D. "Chemically induced dynamic electron polarisation of transient free radicals in solution." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.354864.

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25

Rhodes, C. J. "Structural studies of organic and organosilicon free radicals by ESR spectroscopy." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370439.

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26

Gillett, David Alan. "Transient free radicals studied by laser magnetic resonance spectroscopy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:038bdb7e-1f8c-4112-bcea-4a0ca7ab7bcf.

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A liquid nitrogen cooled, carbon monoxide laser magnetic resonance spectrometer was used to study mid-infrared vibration-rotation transitions in the gaseous free radical NCO, in its ̅X<sup>2</sup>Π state, at very high resolution. The use of an intracavity absorption cell made possible the observation of some transitions with sub-Doppler resolution. Developments to the spectrometer extended the range of operation of the CO laser. Most importantly, a CO laser operating on overtone transitions, Δν = 2, was operated in Oxford. The Δν = 2 CO laser operates over the range 2450-3800cm<sup>-1</sup> (4

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27

Modglin, James D. "A computational study of the chemistry of 3-phenylpropyl radicals." Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1328118.

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Using computational methods, we have investigated the chemistry of 3-phenylpropyl radical systems. These systems are of importance to polymer chemistry as free radical additions involving these species are integral in the production of styrene-containing plastics. Although the addition reactions have been well studied, the other reaction pathways, namely f3-fragmentation and cyclization, have not been as comprehensively studied. As a result, our computational study involved 3-phenylpropyl radical systems that had been systematically mono-substituted at five positions, two on the propyl chain a

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28

Wright, Rossana Rubino. "High resolution, rotationally resolved, electronic spectroscopy of free radicals : MgCH3, MgNC and HCCs /." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487949508372479.

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29

Lampiao, Fanuel. "Measurement of free radicals and their effects on human spermatozoa." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/212.

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30

Smith, Kamilah. "Semi-quantitative detection of free radicals using spin trapping and phosphorus-31 NMR spectroscopy." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79130.

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In this study the effectiveness of quantitative 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in conjunction with spin trapping to detect and quantify various free radical species was investigated. Initially the research was focussed on assigning the 31P NMR signals for hydroxyl and superoxide radicals and on identifying the quantitative reliability of the technique. The radical adduct reaction products (diamagnetic species), of hydroxyl (HO·) and superoxide (O2 -·) radicals with phosphorus containing nitroxides, were determined to be relatively stable and as a result the 31P NMR ch

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31

Gopalakrishnan, Sandhya. "Electronic spectroscopy of the alkoxy radicals." Columbus, OH : Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1051024461.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.<br>Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xxiv, 173 p.: ill. (some co.). Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Terry A. Miller, Dept. of Chemistry. Includes bibliographical references (p. 171-173).

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32

Simpson, Nigel J. K. "Studies of transient free radicals in solution by flash photolysis E.S.R." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:dd9a8aa9-f68a-4362-af7e-6c052fa3a5fe.

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An introduction is presented to the nature of polarized and non-polarized transient spin resonance signals, produced by flash-photolysis e.s.r., followed by a description of the equipment used for experimental work. Theories of Chemically Induced Dynamic Electron Spin Polarization are reviewed and various models introduced to illustrate these concepts. A description is given of the first thorough investigation into the effect of CIDEP polarization transfer down a free radical chain and expands upon the consequences of hyperfine-dependent relaxation and the relative signs of coupling constants

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33

Oredsson, Sven. "Reperfusion injury in skeletal muscle with special reference to oxygen-derived free radicals as mediators /." Lund : Dept. of Surgery, Helsingborg Hospital, 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/39056318.html.

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34

Flint, Nicholas John. "A study of linewidth variation in the E.S.R. spectra of some radical anions." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329999.

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35

Bakioğlu, Levent. "Polymerization and characterization of poly(ethyl methacrylate)." Ankara : METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1081363/index.pdf.

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36

Donato, Karen Ann. "Graft polymerization of methyl methacrylate onto polytetrafluoroethylene free radicals." Ohio : Ohio University, 1985. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1183996024.

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37

Bopegedera, A. M. Ranjika Priyadarshi. "Dye laser and diode laser spectroscopy of gas phase free radicals." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184695.

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The gaseous free radicals, alkaline-earth metal monoalkylamides, monoacetylides, monoformamidates and monopyrrolidates, consisting of a metal atom (Ca or Sr) bonded to a single ligand, were synthesized in a Broida oven. The electronic and vibrational structures of these molecules were studied by low-resolution laser spectroscopy techniques. These inorganic molecules are ionic, well represented by the structure M⁺L⁻ (M = Ca, Sr: L = ligand). Three electronic transitions were identified for the metal monoalkylamides and the metal monoformamidates. The formamidate anion bonds to the metal in a bi

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38

Frum, Coriolan Ioan. "High-resolution Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of high-temperature molecules and free radicals." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185468.

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High resolution absorption spectra of the IF molecule in the X¹Σ⁺ ground state were observed with the Kitt Peak Fourier transform spectrometer in a F₂/I₂ flame. Iodine fluoride is the most unstable interhalogen compound. Accurate wavenumber measurements (±0.0002 cm⁻¹) were made for the 1-0, 2-1 and 2-0 bands and molecular constants were derived. The observation of a high resolution emission spectrum at 13 μm (750 cm⁻¹) is unusual. Seven bands (1-0 through 7-6) of the main isotopic form, ²⁸Si³²S, were observed along with three bands (1-0, 2-1 and 3-2) for each of the minor species, ²⁹Si³²S, ³⁰S

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39

Patterson, Hazelyn. "The design and construction of an apparatus for low-temperature dimerization of aliphatic free radicals." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1997. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/2805.

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This study documents an effort to design and construct an apparatus for the continuous generation hydrogen atoms to convert aliphatic and aromatic molecules to their respective dimers, by free radical mechanisms. The addition of hydrogen atoms to alkene and aromatic molecules, and hydrogen atom abstraction from alkanes by atomic hydrogen, followed by dimerization or disproportionation has been extensively studied. Emphasis here is placed on proving the efficacy of this device by production of known dimeric products. This prototype incorporates critical factors known to effect gas phase free ra

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40

Huang, Meng. "Spectroscopy Studies of Free Radicals and Ions Containing Large Amplitude Motions." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1515012236254284.

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41

Manandhar, Sudha. "Free Radical Induced Oxidation, Reduction and Metallization of NiSi and Ni(Pt)Si Surfaces." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc31542/.

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NiSi and Ni(Pt)Si, and of the effects of dissociated ammonia on oxide reduction was carried out under controlled ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has been used to characterize the evolution of surface composition. Vicinal surfaces on NiSi and Ni(Pt)Si were formed in UHV by a combination of Ar+ sputtering and thermal annealing. Oxidation of these surfaces in the presence of either O+O2 or pure O2 at room temperature results in the initial formation of a SiO2 layer ~ 7 Å thick. Subsequent exposure to O2 yields no further oxidation. Continued exposure to

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42

Hulvey, Glenn A. "Internal pressure's role in the selectivity of the bromine radical." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06102009-063106/.

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43

Malkin, Tamsin Leanne. "Detection of free-radicals and other species ti investigate atmospheric chemistry in the HIRAC chamber." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.515362.

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44

Wohaieb, Saleh A. "Oxygen free radical scavenging systems in clinical and experimental (chemical and spontaneous) diabetes mellitus." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27567.

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The extent to which endogenous free radical-scavenging defense mechanisms are involved in experimental and human diabetes was investigated in various tissues of animals with chemically-induced or spontaneous diabetes (BB Wistar rats) and in erythrocytes of patients with either Type I or Type II diabetes. Diabetes was induced in female Wistar rats using alloxan (ALX) or streptozotocin (STZ), each administered in a dose of 50 mg/kg body wt., intravenously. The present study also included a group -of animals in which body wt. loss was induced by food-deprivation for 72 h. The effects of pharmaco

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45

Wilks, Justin. "Free Radical Chemistries at the Surface of Electronic Materials." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc31552/.

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The focus of the following research was to (1) understand the chemistry involved in nitriding an organosilicate glass substrate prior to tantalum deposition, as well as the effect nitrogen incorporation plays on subsequent tantalum deposition and (2) the reduction of a native oxide, the removal of surface contaminants, and the etching of a HgCdTe surface utilizing atomic hydrogen. These studies were investigated utilizing XPS, TEM and AFM. XPS data show that bombardment of an OSG substrate with NH3 and Ar ions results in the removal of carbon species and the incorporation of nitrogen into the

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46

Fortier, Chanel. "Preparation, Characterization, And Application of Liposomes in the Study of Lipid Oxidation Targeting Hydroxyl Radicals." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2008. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/889.

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In the onset of many chronic illnesses including Parkinsonâ€™s, Alzheimerâ€™s, and cardiovascular diseases, there is evidence to support the delicate balance between prooxidant and antioxidant species is shifted in favor of the former. Under these conditions, many reactive oxygen species (ROS) including hydroxyl radicals, are generated. Hydroxyl radicals formed in close proximity to DNA, nucleotides, proteins, and lipids rapidly oxidize these biological molecules in a nonspecific way. However, their toxicity is limited by their short lifetimes. Currently, the mechanism by which hydroxyl

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47

Merle, John Kenneth. "Computational studies of gas-phase radical reactions with volatile organic compounds of relevance to combustion and atmospheric chemistry." Connect to resource, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1126305456.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.<br>Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xvii, 259 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes bibliographical references (p. 233-259). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

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48

Furneaux, Kate Louise. "Field studies of the chemistry of free-radicals in the troposphere using laser induced fluoresence spectroscopy." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.507714.

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49

Moffat, Karen Ann. "Synthesis and evaluation of model initiator/reversible terminating adducts for the stable free radical polymerization process." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0002/NQ42755.pdf.

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50

Dunn, Kerri, and kerri dunn@deakin edu au. "Chiral organotin hydrides as enantioselective reducing agents." Deakin University. School of Nutrition and Public Health, 2000. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20061207.142326.

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This thesis reports on the feasibility of the utilization of organotin hydrides as enaantioselective free radical reducing agents. The chiral organotin hydrides prepared contain the bulky chiral (1R,2S,5R)-menthyl substituent and in some cases also contain a stereogenic tin centre. Reaction of (1R,2S,5R)-menthylmagnesium chloride (MenMgC1) with triphenyltin chloride in THF proceeds with epimerization of the C-1 carbon of the menthyl group and results in a mixture of (1R,2S,5R)-menthyltriphenyltin and (1S,2S.5R)-menthyltriphenyltin. Addition of Lewis bases such as triphenylphosphine to the T

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