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Journal articles on the topic 'Free terms'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

Astesiano, Egidio, and Elena Zucca. "A Free Construction of Dynamic Terms." Journal of Computer and System Sciences 52, no. 1 (February 1996): 143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcss.1996.0011.

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2

Hou, Qing-Hu. "k-free recurrences of double hypergeometric terms." Advances in Applied Mathematics 32, no. 3 (April 2004): 468–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0196-8858(03)00056-3.

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3

Purdy, William C. "A variable-free logic for mass terms." Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 33, no. 3 (June 1992): 348–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1305/ndjfl/1093634400.

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4

Necheles-jansyn, Ruth F. "Terms of Labor: Slavery, Serfdom, and Free Labor." History: Reviews of New Books 27, no. 4 (January 1999): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03612759.1999.10528535.

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5

Orlov, A. Yu, and D. M. Scherbin. "Milne's hypergeometric functions in terms of free fermions." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 34, no. 11 (March 14, 2001): 2295–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/34/11/321.

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6

Hakobyan, A., and A. Karakhanyan. "Nonlinear Free Boundary Problems with Singular Source Terms." Monatshefte f�r Mathematik 142, no. 1-2 (June 1, 2004): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00605-004-0244-5.

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7

Pavlík, Jan. "Thresholding of a Digital Image by Free Terms." Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision 51, no. 2 (August 29, 2014): 338–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10851-014-0526-z.

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8

GÜÇLÜ, Ruhan. "FREE ASSOCIATIONS TO THE COLOUR TERMS: GENDER-RELATED DIFFERENCES." Journal of International Social Research 10, no. 52 (October 25, 2017): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17719/jisr.2017.1879.

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9

Kowalczyk, Carsten, and Raymond Riezman. "Free trade: what are the terms-of-trade effects?" Economic Theory 41, no. 1 (August 22, 2008): 147–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00199-008-0407-z.

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10

Bimbó, Katalin. "Types of $\mathsf{I}$ -Free Hereditary Right Maximal Terms." Journal of Philosophical Logic 34, no. 5-6 (October 2005): 607–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10992-005-2831-x.

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11

Davey, K., and A. Farooq. "Evaluation of free terms in hypersingular boundary integral equations." Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements 35, no. 9 (September 2011): 1060–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enganabound.2011.04.002.

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12

Bancerek, Grzegorz. "Free Term Algebras." Formalized Mathematics 20, no. 3 (December 1, 2012): 239–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10037-012-0029-6.

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Summary We interoduce a new characterization of algebras of normal forms of term rewriting systems [35] as algerbras of term free in itself (any function from free generators into the algebra generates endomorphism of the algebra). Introduced algebras are free in classes of algebras satisfying some sets of equalities. Their universes are subsets of all terms and the denotations of operation symbols are partially identical with the operations of construction of terms. These algebras are compiler algebras requiring some equalities of terms, e.g., associativity of addition.
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13

Feldman, Norman. "Cylindric algebras with terms." Journal of Symbolic Logic 55, no. 2 (June 1990): 854–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2274669.

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In this paper we discuss cylindric algebras with terms. The setting is two—sorted algebras—one sort for terms and one for Boolean elements. As with cylindric algebras, a cylindric algebra with terms has its roots in first order predicate logic [HMT1].Let Σ be a set of sentences in a first order language with terms, equality and variables u0,u1,u2, …, Define a relation ≡Σ on Fm, the set of formulas, by φ ≡Σθ if and only if Σ ⊢ φ ↔ θ, and on Tm, the set of terms, by τ ≡Σσ if and only if Σ ⊢ τ ≈ σ. The operations +, ·, cκ, 0, 1 are defined as usual on equivalence classes. Define , where is σ with τ substituted for all occurrences of uκ. That the operation *κ, for κ < α, is well defined follows from the first order axioms of equality. Let vκ = [uκ]. To establish the link between terms and Booleans, define operations oκ as follows: , where φ' is a variant of φ such that uκ is free for τ in φ′ and is φ′ with τ substituted for all free occurrences of uκ in φ′. From the first order axioms it follows that oκ, for κ < α, is well defined. Finally, instead of diagonal elements, we define a Boolean-valued operation on terms as follows: [τ] e [σ] = [τ ≈ σ].
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14

Khalil, Shaaban, Tatsuo Kobayashi, and Oscar Vives. "EDM-free supersymmetric CP violation with non-universal soft terms." Nuclear Physics B 580, no. 1-2 (July 2000): 275–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0550-3213(00)00239-x.

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15

Menzer, William M., Chen Li, Wenji Sun, Bing Xie, and David D. L. Minh. "Simple Entropy Terms for End-Point Binding Free Energy Calculations." Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation 14, no. 11 (October 8, 2018): 6035–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jctc.8b00418.

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16

Choo, Kwang-Ho, and Chung-Hak Lee. "Understanding Membrane Fouling in Terms of Surface Free Energy Changes." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 226, no. 2 (June 2000): 367–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcis.2000.6845.

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17

Kalara, S., Jorge L. Lopez, and D. V. Nanopoulos. "Nonrenormalizable terms in the free fermionic formulation of 4D strings." Physics Letters B 245, no. 3-4 (August 1990): 421–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(90)90668-v.

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18

Bulu, Hakan, Dorothy A. Sippo, Janie M. Lee, Elizabeth S. Burnside, and Daniel L. Rubin. "Proposing New RadLex Terms by Analyzing Free-Text Mammography Reports." Journal of Digital Imaging 31, no. 5 (March 20, 2018): 596–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10278-018-0064-0.

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19

Kleban, Peter, and Ingo Perchel. "Fully-Finite Two-Dimensional Critical Systems: Casimir Terms and Instabilities." International Journal of Modern Physics B 11, no. 01n02 (January 20, 1997): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979297000174.

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We review recent results for the universal part of the free energy of fully-finite two-dimensional regions at criticality. Their effect on the total free energy is considered. Including non-universal edge free energy terms leads to various Casimir instabilities toward elongation, sharp corners on the boundary, and other behavior. Universal features of certain matrix elements of the transfer matrix and corner transfer matrix are also obtained.
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20

Daróczi, L., Z. Palánki, and D. L. Beke. "Determination of the non-chemical free energy terms in martensitic transformations." Materials Science and Engineering: A 438-440 (November 2006): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2006.02.158.

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21

Alonso, Miguel. "Exact description of free electromagnetic wave fields in terms of rays." Optics Express 11, no. 23 (November 17, 2003): 3128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.11.003128.

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22

Gozlan, Nathael. "A characterization of dimension free concentration in terms of transportation inequalities." Annals of Probability 37, no. 6 (November 2009): 2480–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-aop470.

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23

Minteer, Timothy M. "The many capacitance terms of two parallel discs in free space." European Journal of Physics 35, no. 3 (April 7, 2014): 035022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0143-0807/35/3/035022.

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24

Frangi, A., and M. Guiggiani. "Free Terms and Compatibility Conditions for 3D Hypersingular Boundary Integral Equations." ZAMM 81, no. 10 (October 2001): 651–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-4001(200110)81:10<651::aid-zamm651>3.0.co;2-e.

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25

BARBERO, G. "NON-LOCAL TERMS IN THE ELASTIC FREE ENERGY OF DISTORTED NEMATICS." Modern Physics Letters B 04, no. 15 (August 20, 1990): 983–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984990001227.

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The presence of second order derivatives of the tensorial order parameter characterizing the nematic phase in the elastic free energy density of distorted nematics is considered. By using a Landau- de Gennes expansion it is shown that if a linear term in second order derivative is considered, it is also necessary to take into account the quadratic term in the same derivative. In fact, this gives a contribution of the same order of the linear term, if the scalar order parameter is used as expansion parameter. The analysis presented here is valid not only for the second order derivatives, but in general. The temperature dependence of the elastic constants connected to linear terms is discussed by considering a simple molecular model.
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26

White, Lawrence H. "Can economics rank slavery against free labor in terms of efficiency?" Politics, Philosophy & Economics 7, no. 3 (August 2008): 327–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470594x08092106.

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27

Bagrov, V. G., B. F. Samsonov, and A. V. Shapovalov. "Free Schr�dinger equation analyzed in terms of the wave equation." Soviet Physics Journal 33, no. 7 (July 1990): 600–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00899111.

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28

Golden, J. M. "Free energies for materials with memory in terms of state functionals." Meccanica 49, no. 9 (June 6, 2014): 2207–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11012-014-9967-0.

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29

Nikakhtar, A., A. Nasehzadeh, and G. A. Mansoori. "Nanoclusteration of DNA with dendronized polymer in terms of free energy." Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society 3, no. 2 (June 2006): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03245944.

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30

Izumi, Masaki, and Yoshimichi Ueda. "Remarks on free mutual information and orbital free entropy." Nagoya Mathematical Journal 220 (December 2015): 45–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0027763000027173.

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AbstractThe present notes provide a proof ofi* (ℂP + ℂ(I - P); ℂQ + ℂ(I - Q))= – χorb(P,Q) foranypair of projectionsP,Qwithτ(P) = τ(Q) = 1/2. The proof includes new extra observations, such as a subordination result in terms of Loewner equations. A study of the general case is also given.
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31

Izumi, Masaki, and Yoshimichi Ueda. "Remarks on free mutual information and orbital free entropy." Nagoya Mathematical Journal 220 (December 2015): 45–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00277630-3335530.

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AbstractThe present notes provide a proof of i* (ℂP + ℂ(I - P); ℂQ + ℂ(I - Q)) = – χorb(P,Q) for any pair of projections P,Q with τ(P) = τ(Q) = 1/2. The proof includes new extra observations, such as a subordination result in terms of Loewner equations. A study of the general case is also given.
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32

Hartglass, Michael, and Brent Nelson. "Free products of finite-dimensional and other von Neumann algebras in terms of free Araki–Woods factors." Advances in Mathematics 382 (May 2021): 107656. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aim.2021.107656.

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33

Dankelmann, P., E. Jonck, and S. Mafunda. "Proximity and remoteness in triangle-free and C4-free graphs in terms of order and minimum degree." Discrete Mathematics 344, no. 9 (September 2021): 112513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.disc.2021.112513.

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34

Jonnson, D. L., and A. C. Kim. "Free Fibonacci algebras." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 40, no. 2 (October 1989): 235–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972700004342.

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Fibonacci varieties were introduced by one of us in 1978 and a natural generalisation was studied shortly afterwards. We carry this investigation one stage further by giving a description of the free objects in these varieties. This is done in terms of the n-abelian groups of Levi.
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35

Dayi, Ömer F. "Consistent Interactions in Terms of the Generalized Fields Method." International Journal of Modern Physics A 12, no. 24 (September 30, 1997): 4387–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x97002383.

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The interactions which preserve the structure of the gauge interactions of the free theory are introduced in terms of the generalized fields method for solving the Batalin–Vilkovisky master equation. It is shown that by virtue of this method the solution of the descent equations resulting from the cohomological analysis is provided straightforwardly. The general scheme is illustrated by applying it to the spin 1 gauge field in three and four dimensions, to free BF theory in 2D, and to the antisymmetric tensor field in any dimension. It is shown that it reproduces the results obtained by cohomological techniques.
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36

Gabriell, João. "“Free Our Brothers!”." South Atlantic Quarterly 118, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 686–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00382876-7616260.

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Why does a given oppressed group sometimes revolt and take to the streets, while other times it does not? This is a question that is never easy to answer. It requires a detailed examination of its history in a given context (here, France), the conditions and means for self-organization, the forms resistance takes, the struggles for hegemony within this social group to impose a group definition, what should comprise its struggle for emancipation. This article is an attempt to question how the revolt against slavery in Libya, after its presentation in a CNN video, was politicized by black people in the French context. We pay attention to the fact that the outrage exceeded frontiers of political organization and took the form of a mass revolt, under the “black” banner. But it has also shown limits in terms of translating this indignation into a political project of emancipation. To our understanding, those limits take root in the weakness of materialist analysis of race and migration as historical processes within a capitalist system, which cannot be understood solely in terms of ideology.
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37

Wulan, Hasi, and Kehe Zhu. "Derivative-free characterizations of Qk spaces." Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society 82, no. 2 (April 2007): 283–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1446788700016086.

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AbstractWe give two charaterizations of the Möbius invariant QK spaces, one in terms of a double integral and the other in terms of the mean oscillation in the Bergman metric. Both charaterizations avoid the use of derivatives. Our results are new even in the case of Qp.
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38

Josuat-Vergès, Matthieu. "Δ-Cumulants in terms of moments." Infinite Dimensional Analysis, Quantum Probability and Related Topics 21, no. 02 (June 2018): 1850012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219025718500121.

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The [Formula: see text]-convolution of real probability measures, introduced by Bożejko, generalizes both free and Boolean convolutions. It is linearized by the [Formula: see text]-cumulants, and Yoshida gave a combinatorial formula for moments in terms of [Formula: see text]-cumulants, that implicitly defines the latter. It relies on the definition of an appropriate weight on noncrossing partitions. We give here two different expressions for the [Formula: see text]-cumulants: the first one is a simple variant of Lagrange inversion formula, and the second one is a combinatorial inversion of Yoshida’s formula involving Schröder trees.
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39

Gumb, Raymond D. "The lazy logic of partial terms." Journal of Symbolic Logic 67, no. 3 (September 2002): 1065–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2178/jsl/1190150149.

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AbstractThe Logic of Partial TermsLPTis a strict negative free logic that provides an economical framework for developing many traditional mathematical theories having partial functions. In these traditional theories, all functions and predicates are strict. For example, if a unary function (predicate) is applied to an undefined argument, the result is undefined (respectively, false). On the other hand, every practical programming language incorporates at least one nonstrict or lazy construct, such as the if-then-else, but nonstrict functions cannot be either primitive or introduced in definitional extensions inLPT. Consequently, lazy programming language constructs do not fit the traditional mathematical mold inherent inLPT. A nonstrict (positive free) logic is required to handle nonstrict functions and predicates.Previously developed nonstrict logics are not fully satisfactory because they are verbose in describing strict functions (which predominate in many programming languages), and some logicians find their semantics philosophically unpalatable. The newly developed Lazy Logic of Partial TermsLLis as concise asLPTin describing strict functions and predicates, and strict and nonstrict functions and predicates can be introduced in definitional extensions of traditional mathematical theories.LLis “built on top of”LPT. and, likeLPT, admits only one domain in the semantics. In the semantics, for the case of a nonstrict unary functionhin an LL theoryT, we have ⊨Th(⊥) =y↔ ∀x(h(x) = y), where ⊥ is a canonical undefined term. Correspondingly, in the axiomatization, the “indifference” (to the value of the argument) axiomh(⊥) =y↔ ∀x(h(x) = y)guarantees a proper fit with the semantics. The price paid forLL's naturalness is that it is tailored for describing a specific area of computer science, program specification and verification, possibly limiting its role in explicating classical mathematical and philosophical subjects.
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40

Boresch, Stefan, and Martin Karplus. "The Role of Bonded Terms in Free Energy Simulations: 1. Theoretical Analysis." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 103, no. 1 (January 1999): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp981628n.

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41

Kim, Jaegil, Thomas Keyes, and John E. Straub. "Communication: Iteration-free, weighted histogram analysis method in terms of intensive variables." Journal of Chemical Physics 135, no. 6 (August 14, 2011): 061103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3626150.

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42

Mahdi, M. M., and M. A. K. Shiker. "Three terms of derivative free projection technique for solving nonlinear monotone equations." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1591 (July 2020): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1591/1/012031.

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43

Cui, Yuan-min, and Jie-qing Feng. "Real-time accurate free-form deformation in terms of triangular Bézier surfaces." Applied Mathematics-A Journal of Chinese Universities 29, no. 4 (December 2014): 455–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11766-014-3239-6.

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44

Varlamov, V. V. "Group averaging for de Sitter free fields in terms of hyperspherical functions." Theoretical and Mathematical Physics 164, no. 3 (September 2010): 1230–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11232-010-0105-4.

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45

Accardi, Luigi, and Wided Ayed. "Free white noise flows." Infinite Dimensional Analysis, Quantum Probability and Related Topics 20, no. 03 (September 2017): 1750014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021902571750014x.

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We extend to free white noise Heisenberg equations the proof of the equivalence between (non-Hamiltonian) stochastic differential equations and Hamiltonian white noise equations. This gives in particular, the microscopic structure of the maps defining free white noise stochastic flows in terms of the free white noise derivations defining them.
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46

BROCCHINI, M., and D. H. PEREGRINE. "The dynamics of strong turbulence at free surfaces. Part 2. Free-surface boundary conditions." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 449 (December 12, 2001): 255–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112001006024.

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Strong turbulence at a water–air free surface can lead to splashing and a disconnected surface as in a breaking wave. Averaging to obtain boundary conditions for such flows first requires equations of motion for the two-phase region. These are derived using an integral method, then averaged conservation equations for mass and momentum are obtained along with an equation for the turbulent kinetic energy in which extra work terms appear. These extra terms include both the mean pressure and the mean rate of strain and have similarities to those for a compressible fluid. Boundary conditions appropriate for use with averaged equations in the body of the water are obtained by integrating across the two-phase surface layer.A number of ‘new’ terms arise for which closure expressions must be found for practical use. Our knowledge of the properties of strong turbulence at a free surface is insufficient to make such closures. However, preliminary discussions are given for two simplified cases in order to stimulate further experimental and theoretical studies.Much of the turbulence in a spilling breaker originates from its foot where turbulent water meets undisturbed water. A discussion of averaging at the foot of a breaker gives parameters that may serve to measure the ‘strength’ of a breaker.
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47

Ebrahimi-Fard, Kurusch, and Frédéric Patras. "Cumulants, free cumulants and half-shuffles." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 471, no. 2176 (April 2015): 20140843. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2014.0843.

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Free cumulants were introduced as the proper analogue of classical cumulants in the theory of free probability. There is a mix of similarities and differences, when one considers the two families of cumulants. Whereas the combinatorics of classical cumulants is well expressed in terms of set partitions, that of free cumulants is described and often introduced in terms of non-crossing set partitions. The formal series approach to classical and free cumulants also largely differs. The purpose of this study is to put forward a different approach to these phenomena. Namely, we show that cumulants, whether classical or free, can be understood in terms of the algebra and combinatorics underlying commutative as well as non-commutative (half-)shuffles and (half-) unshuffles. As a corollary, cumulants and free cumulants can be characterized through linear fixed point equations. We study the exponential solutions of these linear fixed point equations, which display well the commutative, respectively non-commutative, character of classical and free cumulants.
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48

Vincent, Aurora, Jason Burkes, Fayette Williams, and Yadranko Ducic. "Free Flap Reconstruction of the Maxilla." Seminars in Plastic Surgery 33, no. 01 (February 2019): 030–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1677701.

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AbstractTumors of the maxilla and midface are some of the most difficult to manage, not only in terms of treatment but also in terms of achieving acceptable orofacial reconstruction. Today, free flaps dominate the reconstructive field. Many patients can achieve successful reconstruction after free flap transfer with a return of intelligible speech, a regular diet, and acceptable cosmesis. Herein, the authors review free flap reconstruction of the maxilla, with a focus on the classifications of defects, when obturators are appropriate, types and sources of free flaps, and complications for which to beware.
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49

MŁOTKOWSKI, WOJCIECH. "COMBINATORIAL RELATION BETWEEN FREE CUMULANTS AND JACOBI PARAMETERS." Infinite Dimensional Analysis, Quantum Probability and Related Topics 12, no. 02 (June 2009): 291–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219025709003653.

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We find a formula which expresses free and conditionally free cumulants in terms of Jacobi parameters. This leads to some necessary conditions for free and conditionally free infinite divisibility. We also express conditionally free cumulants of two measures in terms of their free cumulants.
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50

Rockerbie, Duane. "Free Agent Auctions and Revenue Sharing: A Simple Exposition." Journal of Sport Management 23, no. 1 (January 2009): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.23.1.87.

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This article uses a simple approach to address the issue of how revenue sharing in professional sports leagues can affect the allocation of free agent players to teams. To affect the allocation of free agents, the imposition of revenue sharing must alter the ranking of bidding teams in terms of maximum salary offers. Two types of revenue sharing systems are considered: traditional gate revenue sharing and pooled revenue sharing. The article suggests that team rankings for ability to pay are not affected by pooled revenue sharing, however the distribution of player salaries will be affected asymmetrically. Traditional gate revenue sharing can alter the ability to pay rankings for teams, depending upon playing schedules and the closeness of revenues between closely ranked teams. Revenue data for two professional sports leagues provide evidence in favor of the model predictions.
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