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Journal articles on the topic 'Free trade zone under ES'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Chai, Tianjing. "A Brief Analysis of The Advantages of Free Trade Zone Construction to The Development of Private Enterprises." Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management 12, no. 3 (2024): 83–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/52mvm2l3.

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This paper mainly through literature research, case analysis and comparative analysis, taking Liaoning Free Trade Zone as an example, starting from the private enterprises in Liaoning Free Trade Zone, to study its development mode and impact. The research direction mainly includes starting from the private enterprises in Liaoning Free Trade Zone, studying their development mode and influence, and analyzing the comparative advantages of private enterprises to the economic development of Liaoning under the background of free trade zone. The framework of this paper is divided into four parts. Fir

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Boulares, Sofian. "The Stakes and Challenges of Promoting the Algerian Exports under the African Continental Free Trade Zone." Finance and Business Economies Review 6, no. 3 (2022): 91–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.58205/fber.v6i3.312.

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This study aims to determine and analyse the stakes and challenges facing the promotion of Algerian exports within the framework of the African Continental Free Trade Zone. In order to achieve that, this study uses the historical research method to trace the emergence and paths of the African Continental Free Trade Zone and Algeria's accession to it. It also uses the analytical research method to analyse the stakes and challenges facing the Algerian exports. The study concluded that the most important stakes and challenges are: the existence of economic blocs in Africa, which preceded the Afri

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Zhang, Jinyi. "The Economic Effects of China's Pilot Free Trade Zones: A Empirical Test based on Difference in Differences." Economic Society and Humanities 1, no. 6 (2024): 75–82. https://doi.org/10.62381/e244612.

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Free trade pilot zones have good conditions for reform in investment, trade, finance, regulation, and taxation, economic data from 18 provinces in China from 2010 to 2019 were collected. Seven provinces including Liaoning, Zhejiang, Henan, Hubei, Chongqing, Sichuan, and Shaanxi were selected as experimental groups. The double difference method (DID) was used to investigate whether the establishment of free trade zones has promoted exports and imports. The empirical results show that: The reform in the pilot free trade zone has a significant positive driving effect on the total import and expor

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Hu, Hao, Shufang Wang, and Jin-liao He. "Comparative Advantages of Free Trade Port Construction in Shanghai under the Belt and Road Initiative." International Journal of Financial Studies 8, no. 1 (2020): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijfs8010006.

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As China’s opening-up grows wider under the Belt and Road Initiative, the exploration and construction of free trade ports have received increasing attention. In 2018, China’s first free trade port was settled in Hainan instead of Shanghai. In 2019, after the Lingang New Area of China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone was approved by the central government, six new pilot free trade zones were launched in Shandong, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, Yunnan, and Guangxi provinces. As the bridgehead of the Belt and Road Initiative, Shanghai established the first and biggest pilot free trade zone in Chi

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Zhang, Jie. "Application of Mathematical Model Using Random Forest in Performance Appraisal Management of Cadres in Free Trade Zone." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (August 12, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6964582.

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To improve the efficiency of scientific assessment of cadre performance, first, this work analyzes the current situation of cadre performance appraisal in the free trade zone under the background of big data, and introduces the free trade zone and Random Forest (RF) algorithm. Second, based on the cadre evaluation index, this work establishes the cadre performance evaluation system of the free trade zone. Finally, the random forest algorithm model is implemented for the performance evaluation of cadres in the free trade zone. Additionally, the model’s performance is verified with the actual da

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Zhang, Haitian, and Wang Benxue. "Development of Comprehensive Evaluation Model of Free Trade Port Investment under Macroeconomic Support." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2022 (October 11, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7981885.

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The financial benchmark rate of return is gradually declining, and the free trade port policy is not enough to improve the investment financial benchmark rate of return. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation model for free trade port investment under the support of macroeconomics is proposed. A theoretical model of free trade port investment price fluctuations and monetary policy response is constructed under the support of macroeconomics, and the model is used to observe the impact of changes in free trade port investment prices on the economic effects of monetary control policies; thus, free

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Wu, Sunishan, and Yining Chen. "Can the Establishment of Free Trade Zones Promote Carbon Emission Reduction? ----Based on Multi-period Double Difference Model." Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 33 (May 9, 2024): 515–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/5vjkhn12.

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As the Shanghai Free Trade Zone (FTZ) celebrates its 10th anniversary, it is crucial to examine the impact of the FTZ's construction on regional carbon emissions under the dual carbon targets of carbon neutrality and carbon peaking. Based on panel data from 282 prefecture-level cities between 2006 and 2021, this article aims to provide insight into the impact of the Free Trade Zone (FTZ) pilot policy on urban carbon dioxide emissions levels. By constructing a difference-in-differences (DID) model, this study aims to investigate the effects of the Free Trade Zone (FTZ) policy on carbon emission

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Givargizova, L. "PROSPECTS FOR ESTABLISHING A FREE TRADE ZONE BETWEEN THE EAEU AND INDIA." SCIENTIFIC-DISCUSSION, no. 82 (November 13, 2023): 52–58. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10117527.

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At the current stage of development under sanctions pressure on the Russian economy, the expansion and strengthening of foreign economic relations with friendly countries and with countries participating in integration blocs and unions is of great importance. The issues of technical barriers, new solutions in the field of supply chains, customs co-operation and industry co-operation are becoming relevant. Taking into account the sanctions pressure on the Russian market from the beginning of 2022, it becomes necessary to expand trade and economic relations with friendly countries, focusing on t

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9

张, 蓝心. "Research on Sino-Thai Fruit Trade Development under the Background of Free Trade Zone Construction." E-Commerce Letters 14, no. 05 (2025): 3505–12. https://doi.org/10.12677/ecl.2025.1451667.

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10

Yang, Jing, Xiaoying Zhang, and Xiuying Yang. "Evaluation of the Development Potential of Hainan Free Trade Port Industrial Chain Driven by the Internet of Things Distribution Mechanism." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (April 30, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8146926.

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This paper starts from the industrial structure and characteristics of the Internet of Things and compares and analyzes the development ideas of the Internet of Things industry in the market economy under different systems. We also discuss IoT business model innovations and analyze the inadequacies of current IoT business models. We use the cost-benefit analysis method to analyze, from the aspects of social benefits, economic benefits, environmental benefits, and externalities. In this paper, factor analysis and quantitative statistics are used to calculate the weight of influencing factors, a

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11

Nan, Meng Fei, and Yao Cui. "A Study on the Construction of Free Trade Area in Western China and the Enhancement of Regional Financial Innovation Capacity: Focus on Effect Evaluation and Mechanism Analysis." Korea Association Of Cultural Economics 26, no. 2 (2023): 181–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.36234/kace.2023.26.2.181.

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Under the background of “one belt, one road” construction, it is an important measure for China to promote the expansion of the free trade experimental zone from coast to inland. Based on the panel data of 11 provinces and autonomous regions in western China from 2010 to 2020, this paper compares the actual value of financial service innovation variables with the counter factual value. The results show that: (1) The establishment of free trade zone has promoted the improvement of financial service innovation ability in western China, especially since Shaanxi set up free trade zone in 2017, 2.7

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Wan, Min, Haibo Kuang, Peng Jia, and Sue Zhao. "Research on the Decision Making of Value Chain Reconstruction of Chinese Port Enterprises under the Background of Free Trade Zone Policy." Systems 12, no. 3 (2024): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems12030091.

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This paper aims to solve the decision-making problem of value chain reconstruction of Chinese port enterprises under the background of the Free Trade Zone policy. Based on value chain theory and system dynamics method, this paper constructs a simulation model that can simulate the value-added change process of port enterprises under different combination input conditions. Furthermore, it conducts simulation case studies. The research indicates that the Free Trade Zone policy has a significant promoting effect on the restructuring of port enterprise value chains and the transformation and upgra

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13

Liu, Yaohui, Yannan Li, and Jiajun Liu. "A Study on Promotion of Free Trade under China-US Economic Trade Friction - Focus on the China-South Korea Free Trade Zone." Journal of China Studies 24, no. 1 (2021): 59–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.20288/jcs.2021.24.1.59.

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14

Ren, Zifeng. "Research on Business Environment Issues in Guangdong Qianhai Free Trade Zone." Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management 14, no. 1 (2024): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/vt653q16.

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At a time when China's economy is entering a new normal and realizing high-quality medium-speed growth, it is inextricably linked to the forty-two years of reform and opening up. As a pioneer of reform and opening up, Guangdong Province has been at the forefront of domestic economic development, demonstrating courage and practice in response to the changes of the times. As China's relationship with the world economy grows closer, changes in the international economy have prompted the deepening of regional economic integration and international trade. The application of free trade in internatio

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Izotov, D. A. "Russian-Vietnamese trade: dynamics of rapprochement under the conditions of restrictions." POWER AND ADMINISTRATION IN THE EAST OF RUSSIA 105, no. 4 (2023): 32–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1818-4049-2023-105-4-32-48.

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The purpose of this study is to test two hypotheses. First hypothesis: in the long term, there has been a tendency to reduce trade barriers between Russia and Vietnam. The second hypothesis: the rapprochement of the two countries took place under the conditions of the negative influence of geopolitical factors on Russia’s foreign trade, which also include sanctions against the Russian economy. It is shown that, despite the small share of Vietnam in Russia's foreign trade Russian-Vietnamese trade turnover had a long-term increase. It was determined that the reduction of reciprocal trade barrier

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Bu, Naipeng, Haiyan Kong, M. Saddam Hussain, and Sareema Fatima. "Under the Epidemic Situation: The Study of Bilateral Trade Zone and Agreement Between China and Korea." Journal of Management and Strategy 11, no. 4 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jms.v11n4p1.

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In 2019, Coronavirus outbroke, and many countries in the world were impacted by COVID-19. The COVID-19 epidemic has clouded the global economic outlook. In the current dynamic situation of the world, businesses have need to integrated internationally. Chinese and Korean government has progressively upgraded the free trade zones (FTZ) to attract greater foreign investment and tourism development. In this article, we discuss the important factors for tariff concessions in the China and Korea free trade agreement (FTA). Further, according to Korean Tourism Development Bureau (KTDB), in perspectiv

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Mazyrin, V. "CAFTA – New Format of Economic Interaction in East Asia." World Economy and International Relations, no. 11 (2010): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2010-11-50-58.

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On January 1st, 2010, the free trade zone China–ASEAN (CAFTA) was launched officially. The creation of such zone is of special importance under the conditions when the international financial crisis has not yet come to its end, but trade protectionism is increasing worldwide. Developing countries with lagged economy or other economic problems are suffering from the crisis shock the most. Conversely, the regional trade liberalization allows to overcome contraction of demand for commodities produced in Asia, opens up new export possibilities. The capability of the regional countries to counter c

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18

Radonezhskaja, Olga N. "THE FREE TRADE ZONE MECHANISM IN THE EAEU INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES." IKBFU's Vestnik. Series: Humanities and Social Sciences, no. 1 (2025): 103–15. https://doi.org/10.5922/vestnikhum-2025-1-10.

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The Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) plays a significant role in shaping a new global order based on the principles of innovative development, transregionalism, integration, and international cooperation. In the context of global regionalization and intensifying international competition, the EAEU represents a unique model of economic integration that unites countries with diverse internal systems in pursuit of common strategic goals—both economic and political. Unlike traditional models of economic integration, such as the European Union, the EAEU seeks effective engagement with a broad range o

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19

Zhai, Jiayin. "Study on the Development of Cross-border E-commerce by the Policy Trials of the Free Trade Zones (FTZ)." Economics 13, no. 4 (2024): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.eco.20241304.12.

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The Pilot Free Trade Zone is a milestone policy for opening up the foreign economy, and plays an important role under the policy orientation of ‘early and pilot implementation’ in China. 2023 will mark the 10th anniversary of the construction of the Pilot Free Trade Zone in Shanghai, and the new development pattern is based on the domestic macro-cycle as the main body, and the domestic and international double-cycle is mutually promoted, and cross-border e-commerce is just an important connection link relying on Internet technology and the emerging trade mode. Cross-border e-commerce, as an em

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20

Zhang, Peng. "Research on Employability Enhancement Strategy of International Trade under the Background of China-South Korea Free Trade Area Construction: Taking a University in Shandong Province as an Example." Education Reform and Development 6, no. 11 (2024): 207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/erd.v6i11.8943.

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Under the background of the construction of the China-South Korea Free Trade Zone, this paper deeply analyzes the employment situation and challenges faced by graduates of international trade major in finance and economics colleges and universities, discusses the strategies to improve graduates’ employability, and takes a university in Shandong as an example to carry out a case study. Through the background analysis of the construction of the China-South Korea Free trade area, the analysis of graduates’ employment status, and the emphasis on targeted promotion strategies, the purpose is to pro

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21

Li, Zhendong. "The practice and development of legal construction of trade facilitation in Hunan Pilot Free Trade Zone." BCP Business & Management 21 (July 20, 2022): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v21i.1245.

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Trade facilitation refers to the reduction of compliant transaction costs in commercial activities through streamlining administrative procedures, improving administrative efficiency, and optimizing the specific provisions of relevant laws and regulations under the leadership of government administrative departments, thereby promoting the convenient circulation of goods and services. In the process of development of the Hunan Pilot Free Trade Zone, we should take the construction of the rule of law as the foundation and actively promote the extension of trade facilitation to a higher level thr

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22

Xi, Junfang, and Weihuan Zhou. "Chinas Liberalization of Legal Services Under the ChAFTA: Market Access or Lack of Market Access for Australian Legal Practices." Journal of World Trade 51, Issue 2 (2017): 233–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2017010.

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This article explores China’s commitments to liberalizing legal services under the recently concluded China – Australia Free Trade Agreement (ChAFTA). While China’s ChAFTA commitments extend beyond its commitments on legal services under the World Trade Organization and under most of China’s other Free Trade Agreements (FTAs), we argue that the degree of liberalization under the ChAFTA has been over-stated. The ChAFTA does not create additional market access for Australian legal practices as it merely recognizes the existing practice in the Chinese market and the same market access granted to

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23

Shao, Jiaqi, and Fei Li. "Multi-Function Tradeoffs of Land System in Urbanized Areas—A Case Study of Xi’an, China." Land 10, no. 6 (2021): 640. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10060640.

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Multi-functional trade-offs and synergy research on land systems are hotspots in geography and land science research, and are of great significance for achieving sustainable development of land use and the effective allocation of land resources. Recently, the development of the western region and The Belt and Road Initiative have become key topics, bringing opportunities and challenges to Xi’an. The rapid development of cities is accompanied by drastic changes in land use, and the ecological problems in the Qinling Mountains are becoming increasingly severe. This study took Xi’an as a case stu

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Diva Ersya, Ozy. "BATAM FREE TRADE ZONE AND FREE PORT: A JURIDICAL REVIEW FROM THE ASPECT OF THE MOVEMENT OF IMPORTED GOODS." PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH 5, no. 1 (2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/petita.v5i1.44.

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There are two prominent views concerning the free zone concept. One view defines a free zone as a special area established in a country that is independent from the customs authority supervision on the movement of imported goods, or known as extraterritorial zone, because customs authority is no longer levied import duties on these goods. On the other hand, the free zone is also defined as a special zone under the supervision of the customs authority due to the exemption of the import duties and tax on these imported goods as customs authority must ensure the validity of this exemption. In add

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GIVARGIZOVA, LIDIA. "CHINA'S CUSTOMS AND TARIFF POLICY AND PROSPECTS FOR A FULL-FLEDGED FTA BETWEEN THE EAEU AND CHINA." Economic Problems and Legal Practice 18, no. 6 (2022): 285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2541-8025-2022-18-6-285-293.

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Under the conditions of sanctions pressure on the Russian economy, the expansion and strengthening of foreign economic relations with friendly countries becomes important. The issues of technical barriers, new supply chain solutions, customs cooperation, and industry cooperation become relevant. Given the sanctions pressure on the Russian market, and subsequently spread to the market of the Eurasian Economic Union, it becomes necessary to expand trade and economic relations with friendly countries, focusing on those countries with which trade agreements have been signed and major trading partn

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Fontalvo Hererra, Tomás José, José Morelos Gómez, and Saúl Olivos Aarón. "Efficiency of midsize enterprises in the free-trade-zone in Barranquilla – Colombia." Entramado 15, no. 2 (2019): 12–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18041/1900-3803/entramado.2.5476.

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In this investigation, the efficiency of midsize companies in the free-trade-zones of Barranquilla was analyzed. For this, a model supported by Data Envelopment Analysis structure (DEA) was proposed which required a rational analysis to define input and output variables in order to measure and test the efficiency of 63 companies under study in 2016 and 2017. The Chamber of Commerce of Barranquilla with which an empirical analysis was performed to measure the efficiency of the sector provided primary information. The research showed that from 2016-2017 the percentage of efficient enterprises im

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袁, 静. "Development Path of Sichuan Cuisine Industry under the Background of Sichuan Free Trade Zone." Sustainable Development 12, no. 05 (2022): 1367–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/sd.2022.125155.

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SHADIKHODJAEV, SHERZOD. "International regulation of free zones: an analysis of multilateral customs and trade rules." World Trade Review 10, no. 2 (2011): 189–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474745611000085.

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AbstractMultilateral regulation of free zones is largely based on the International Convention on the Simplification and Harmonization of Customs Procedures as amended (Revised Kyoto Convention) and WTO disciplines. The Revised Kyoto Convention treats free zones as an area with some ‘exterritorial’ elements, while WTO law does not accord such treatment to free zones. The regulatory framework under the former is more flexible than that under the latter. As of 1 June 2010, 63 out of the 69 contracting parties to the Revised Kyoto Convention are members of the WTO, so they must live up to their c

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Wu, Maoguo, and Siyuan Yan. "Opportunities for Parallel Import in China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone: Evidence from the Automobile Industry and the Pharmaceutical Industry." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 10 (2018): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n10p344.

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Parallel import, as a pattern of international trade, is often under criticism because of infringement of intellectual property. However, the establishment of China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone has contributed to the rapid development of parallel import, which has existed in the “grey zone” in China for a long time. Generally speaking, parallel import not only minimizes damages to related intellectual property owners, but also maximizes flow of goods and promotes formation of a unified market, which is beneficial to free trade and economic integration as well as the welfare of consumers. T

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Dr., Che Kingsley Chenikwi, and Eno Cynthia Dr. "Development of Free Trade Zones to Sustain Intermodal Transportation." International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management 9, no. 3 (2022): 44–57. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6962386.

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<strong>Abstract:</strong> Free Trade Zones has become one of the pillars for economic development for most countries in Europe and most of Asia. This has been the case for a country like China which has witness a super growth because of the policies they adopted that promoted the development of free trade zones in the country and it has contributed immensely its economic development. This paper exploits the potential for economic development that African countries stand to benefit from the Pan-African free trade  agreement that was signed by 54 African countries. The study looks at the t

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Kosenko, Anastasia. "US trade policy for Latin America under the Bush administrations (2001 – 2009)." American History & Politics: Scientific edition, no. 12 (2021): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2021.12.7.

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The author considers the trade policy of George Walker Bush – its basis and ways of implementation. That is why the article presents a brief digression in the 1990’s, as the origins of George W. Bush’s trade policy go back to those times. In particular, the project such as the «Enterprises for Americas», which provided for the creation of a free trade zone in the Western Hemisphere, which later became known as the FTAA. It is the FTAA that has received considerable attention in the article, as it was the basis of George W. Bush’s Latin American strategy, the reasons for the failure of which ar

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Hu, Zongbiao, Feng Lan, and Han Xu. "Green TFP Heterogeneity in the Ports of China’s Pilot Free Trade Zone under Environmental Constraints." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 24 (2021): 12910. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182412910.

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In the context of China’s Pilot Free Trade Zone (FTZ), ports have a new opportunity to realize high-quality development. Based on the analysis of the current situation of pollutant emissions from ports in China’s Pilot Free Trade Zones (FTZs), this paper introduces environmental factors into the analysis framework of the total factor productivity (TFP) of ports in China’s FTZs, and uses the Global Malmquist–Luenberger index method to analyze the evolution trend and heterogeneity of green TFP in 28 ports of China’s 19 FTZs from 2011 to 2017. The results show that firstly, the emissions of sulfu

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Li, Mingyue, Yutong Li, and Yiqun Zhang. "A Study on Urban Development under the Policy of Inland Free Trade Zones." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 39 (November 7, 2024): 261–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/3xeah396.

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The Free Trade Zone (FTZ) serves as an important experimental farm for China’s deepened reform and opening up, significantly promoting country’s economic growth. This research analyzes panel data gathered from China's inland cities between 2015 and 2020 to examine the effects of inland FTZs on regional growth. By measuring per capita GDP and employing the difference-in-differences (DID) method, the study examines policy effects in establishing inland FTZs on these cities. The findings reveal that the creation of inland FTZs significantly boosts the growth rate of urban per capita GDP. Addition

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Sun, Yiwu. "Customs Agency Enforcement of IPRs in an FTZ." Global Trade and Customs Journal 10, Issue 5 (2015): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2015021.

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The recent global proliferation of free trade zones (FTZs) has increased the difficulty of protecting intellectual property rights (IPR), as criminals take advantage of these zones' relaxed oversight and reduced customs controls by manufacturing and shipping illegal goods within and outside of these zones. IPR enforcement in FTZs remains a contentious issue internationally. Some international harmonization of national rules has occurred under the auspices of the World Customs Organization (WCO) and the World Trade Organization (WTO). Yet, as shown by the US and to a lesser extent China, nation

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Chen, Yan, and Joon-Ho Kim. "The interaction effects of foreign direct investment and inbound tourism as drivers of economic development: A comparitive analysis of free trade zone member countries." Tourism Sciences Society of Korea 49, no. 2 (2025): 101–21. https://doi.org/10.17086/jts.2025.49.2.101.121.

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This study explores the interaction effect of foreign direct investment(FDI) and inbound tourism on the economic development of free trade zones using panel data of 198 observations from 2002 to 2019 for China and 10 ASEAN countries within the ACFTA framework. By comparing the differences in the effects of FDI and inbound tourism on economic development under this framework, the study aims to fill the research gap regarding the impact of foreign capital inflows and the tourism industry on economic growth in free trade zones, thereby providing policy implications for countries participating in

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Liu, Jiaqi. "Who Exactly Has China's Pilot Free Trade Zone Attracted？ —— Evidence from Quasi Natural Experiments Based on 282 Cities." Advances in Economics and Management Research 11, no. 1 (2024): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.56028/aemr.11.1.73.2024.

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The pilot free trade zone is an institutional attempt under China's opening-up pattern, and its policy effects have played an important role in the high-quality development of the Chinese economy. Based on the balanced panel data of 282 cities in China from 2008 to 2021, this article adopts a multi-stage difference method and takes the establishment of free trade zones as a quasi-natural experiment to explore the role of free trade experiments in attracting enterprises from different sources. The main conclusion of the study is that the establishment of the free trade zone has significantly in

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Yu, Hongchu, Zheng Guo, and Lei Xu. "Research on Port Competitiveness Dynamics in China Under the Background of Free Trade Zone and Port Integration." Sustainability 17, no. 12 (2025): 5502. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17125502.

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Free trade zone (FTZ) policies and port integration play critical roles in advancing international shipping and port development. While Free trade zones (FTZs) promote trade liberalization and attract investment to support port infrastructure, port integration helps alleviate excessive competition, reduce redundant labor, and minimize resource inefficiencies. Given these dynamics, it is important to examine how FTZs and port integration differentially shape shipping capacity and port competitiveness across China’s coastal provinces. To this end, this study introduces a comprehensive evaluation

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Liang, Shuhua, Fan Yang, Jingyi Zhang, Suwen Xiong, and Zhenni Xu. "Assessment and Management Zoning of Ecosystem Service Trade-Off/Synergy Based on the Social–Ecological Balance: A Case of the Chang-Zhu-Tan Metropolitan Area." Land 13, no. 2 (2024): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land13020127.

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Clarifying the trade-offs/synergies of ecosystem services is crucial for achieving a win-win situation in economic development and ecological conservation. Past studies have lacked research on ecosystem service functional management zones that integrate socio-economic factors and ecological conservation, particularly based on predictive scenarios. Based on the above, this study innovatively established a multi scenario simulation model and framework (EST-EMZ) for the study of ecosystem service (ES) trade-off/synergy and ecological management zoning, combining remote sensing and socio-economic

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Maruschke, Megan. "Zones of reterritorialization: India’s free trade zones in comparative perspective, 1947 to the 1980s." Journal of Global History 12, no. 3 (2017): 410–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1740022817000201.

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AbstractDuring the period of decolonization and the Cold War, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) and US development agencies promoted free trade zones to developing countries. However, other zones emerged prior to and apart from these policy models, some of which, including India’s early zones, took on features of this model only by the 1980s. To make sense of zones within and beyond a UNIDO model, this article understands them through their connection to the rise of nation-state territoriality around the world. The zone is thereby a spatial strategy used in process

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Yue, Hanqi, and Siqi Huang. "Innovation Path of Standardization of Service Trade Under the Background of Digitalization." Journal of Business and Marketing 1, no. 2 (2024): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.62517/jbm.202409217.

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This paper aims to explore the innovative path of service trade standardization under the background of digitalization. With the advent of the digital age, the field of service trade is facing new opportunities and challenges. As an important means to promote service trade innovation, standardization is of great significance to improve service quality, reduce transaction costs and promote international competitiveness. Based on the research results of references, this paper discusses the standardization innovation path of service trade in different fields under the background of digitalization

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Mei, Zhang. "The impact of coronavirus epidemic on trade and economic cooperation of the Heilongjiang province with Russia and measures to restore it." POWER AND ADMINISTRATION IN THE EAST OF RUSSIA 95, no. 2 (2021): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1818-4049-2021-95-2-29-35.

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The article presents a brief overview of the state of Sino-Russian trade and economic cooperation in the context of the pandemic of coronavirus infection that has swept the whole world. On the example of regional cooperation between the Heilongjiang Province (PRC) and Russia, it is shown that under the influence of coronavirus epidemic, trade turnover decreased, while Russia retained the position of the main trading partner of the Heilongjiang Province. The results and prospects for the operation of the Heilongjiang Province free trade pilot zone are shown. The author presents characteristics

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Larguet, Farida, and Naoual Bouakkaz. "The success of the African Continental Free Trade Area: potentials and constraints." Journal of Innovations and Sustainability 7, no. 2 (2023): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.51599/is.2023.07.02.14.

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Purpose. This study aims to demonstrate the variables on which African nations depended to realise their desire to create an area of free trade. It also intends to investigate these countries’ constraints in establishing the area, which may stymie their efforts. Results. After thoroughly examining the Free Trade Area’s opportunities and limitations, the study came to the following findings: (1) the African countries’ long-term economic growth and social progress will be made possible by the African Continental Free Trade Area, whose very ambitious goals are based on Agenda 2063’s objecti

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Sukhanov, I. A. "The impact of COVID-19 on the economy and international economic relations of the Republic of Korea." POWER AND ADMINISTRATION IN THE EAST OF RUSSIA 97, no. 4 (2021): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1818-4049-2021-97-4-173-179.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted global trade in goods and services and has exposed weaknesses in the existing structures for international interaction within the global value chains in the Asia-Pacific region, including the United States of America, Japan and the Republic of Korea. The dependence of these economies on the People's Republic of China negatively affected the production processes of the largest industrial companies. To minimize the existing risks, countries are actively participating in and developing free trade agreements, which helps to diversify the geography of p

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Park, Chulhyun. "The Space of `State Neoliberalism` in China under Reform: Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone and its Outside." Journal of Modern China Studies 18, no. 4 (2017): 267–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.35820/jmcs.18.4.9.

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李, 治惠. "Research on the Influence Effect of Regional Economic Growth under the Background of Free Trade Zone Construction." World Economic Research 13, no. 02 (2024): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/wer.2024.132016.

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Vasiliev, V. S., and K. O. Chudinova. "FREE AND OPEN INDO–PACIFIC AS THE NEW BASIS OF JAPANESE TRADE POLICY IN THE ASIA–PACIFIC REGION." International Trade and Trade Policy, no. 4 (December 20, 2018): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2410-7395-2018-4-21-30.

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The consequences of the APEC summit held on November 17–18, 2018 are analyzed. It is emphasized that the summit ended with little or no result due to the growing trade and economic contradictions between theUnited StatesandChina, which have the potential to significantly weaken trade and economic ties in the Asia-Pacific region. Under these conditions, after theUSwithdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TTP),Japanis increasingly taking the path of bilateral and regional agreements with the countries of the Asia-Pacific Region, including the People's Republic ofChina.Japanconsistently pur

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Syariffudin Zaki, Muhammad Reza, Kyle Pietra Inggil, David Axel Irawan, and Benedicta Nasya Averine. "EXTRATERRITORIALITY PRINCIPLE IN INVESTMENT DISPUTE SETTLEMENT UNDER ASEAN ENHANCED DISPUTE SETTLEMENT MECHANISM." Transnational Business Law Journal 4, no. 1 (2023): 16–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.23920/transbuslj.v4i1.1426.

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Trade and Investment are among the ways that are often used by modern countries today to become one of the main sources of state income. Indonesia as a destination country for trade and investment also has an important role in economic growth both domestically and in the ASEAN region. Indonesia is also one of the initiators of the Free Trade Area (FTA). In the spirit of realizing ASEAN as a trade and investment friendly zone, ASEAN launched a method called the ASEAN Protocol on Enhanced Dispute Settlement Mechanism (EDSM). This customized mechanism is in accordance with the spirit of ASEAN, na

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Vinogradova, I. V. "Features of China’s participation in regional economic integration." Mezhdunarodnaja jekonomika (The World Economics), no. 8 (August 29, 2024): 657–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/vne-04-2408-05.

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Since the beginning of the 21st century, China has been actively pursuing bilateral and plurilateral trade agreements with both developing and developed countries, focusing on regional partners. These agreements have a great influence on the trade policy of the PRC. As practice has shown, they have a positive impact on the development of the country’s foreign trade and organically fi t into the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative. At the same time, in China’s approach to concluding such agreements, certain features can be traced, which are the subject of this article. It examines the essence of r

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Zhang, Qianwen, and Jiani Li. "The Validity of Arbitration Agreements Providing for Arbitration in Mainland China Administered by Overseas Arbitration Institutions." Journal of International Arbitration 40, Issue 5 (2023): 633–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/joia2023026.

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With China increasingly opening up in relation to trade, the number of overseas arbitration institutions practicing in China’s free trade zones is expected to rise. At the same time, however, the validity of arbitration agreements remains uncertain under Chinese arbitration law, with arbitration clauses which tend to permit administration only by domestic arbitration commissions. Chinese arbitration legislation and recent cases demonstrate that this issue can be attributed to difficulties identifying a designated arbitration commission or tribunal, as well as unclear standards to determine the

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Pimenova, Ludmila. "French Provinces “Considered Foreign”: Obstacles to Free Trade or Limits of Loyalty?" ISTORIYA 15, no. 5 (139) (2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840031592-0.

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The article discusses the features of the tax regime in France of the Old Order and the attitudes of contemporaries towards them. Provinces and pays, that were part of the French monarchy, differed in their legal status and paid taxes differently. In the 18th century the designation of three categories of provinces came into use. Along with the “space” of the kingdom, or the zone of “five large farms”, more than half of the country’s territory covered “provinces considered foreign” and “provinces really similar to foreign ones”. Differences in the tax regime, persisted until the beginning of t

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