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Journal articles on the topic 'Freedom from Foreign Rule'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Nilsson, Therese, and Petra Inwinkl. "The Swedish Taxation on Loans from Foreign Companies." EC Tax Review 20, Issue 2 (2011): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ecta2011009.

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On 1 January 2010, the Swedish government changed the rule on taxation of prohibited loans between Swedish companies and their shareholders and extended the regulation to loans granted by foreign companies. By changing the rule to also comprise foreign companies, the government aims to eliminate tax avoidance. The inclusion of foreign corporations in national legislation has been subject to criticism by the consultative bodies in the government bill and in the legal debate. The expression of discontent is due to the fact that the extension of the statutory rules to foreign companies does not c

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Dr., Gopal Sinha. "RAJA RAO'S KANTHAPURA AS THE MICROCOSM OF THE INDIAN ETHOS AND CULTURE EMBODIED IN A TALE FOR FREEDOM FROM FOREIGN RULE." International Journal of Research - Granthaalayah 5, no. 6 (2017): 362–67. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.821515.

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‘Kanthapura’ is a Gandhian saga which appears more as a ‘sthala-purana’. It is dominated by the place and not by the people. Raja Rao has not created any heores or heroines in this novel. It is not the story of the actions of any hero or god or goddess. It is the story of the actions of the entire village. The novel deals with its topography, its products, its myths and legends, its religion and society and its caste-ridden people. It describes the impact of the Gandhian freedom movement on this tiny village, its unequal fight against the forces of British imperialism and the sufferings of the

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Nyström, Wilhelm. "Saving the ATAD CFC Regime Through Abuse of Law or the Rule of Reason." Intertax 49, Issue 3 (2021): 223–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/taxi2021021.

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This article revisits the debate about the extent to which the controlled foreign company (CFC) rules in the Anti-Tax Avoidande Directive (ATAD) are compatible with the EU fundamental freedoms. It considers why the ATAD CFC rules may restrict those freedoms and whether that conflict may be resolved by recourse to the general principle of abuse of law, which may prevent a taxpayer from relying on a fundamental freedom and thus prevent the restriction from arising, or to the rule of reason, which may serve to justify the restriction. The paper considers whether these may be treated as separate d

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Rachaiah. "GANDHIAN CONSTRUCTIVE PROGRAMME AND THEIR UTILITY TO SOCIETY." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 6, S2 (2019): 180–85. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2651969.

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Mahatma Gandhi was a great nation builder. His idea of freedom was freedom from hunger, freedom from dependency, freedom from hanging over unnatural sources of power. Before claiming for power he decided to rebuild India which was destroyed by foreign yoke, He played a major role in the struggle for Indian independence was not just aimed at liberating the country from the slavery of foreign rule. He mainly aimed at restructuring Indian society, reconstructing Indian economy and rejuvenating Indian rural life. His responsibility as a sole leader of the masses was to lead the people towards thei

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Mamajanov, Abrorbek. "RESPONSIBILITY FOR ARBITRARINESS IN THE CRIMINAL LEGISLATION OF SOME FOREIGN COUNTRIES." Jurisprudence 1, no. 6 (2021): 162–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.51788/tsul.jurisprudence.1.6./bmjx3029.

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The main goal of the reforms carried out in the republic is to create conditions for a comfortable life for every person. All adopted laws are aimed at protecting the rights and freedoms, legitimate interests, honor, dignity, and freedom of citizens. Reform should serve not for reforms, but above all for a person, to ensure human interests. And such a socially negative phenomenon as crime hinders the development of society and the implementation of reforms. Fighting it can give the expected effect only with strict observance of the current legislation. One of the tasks of a democratic state go

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S, Dineskanth. "Anti-Colonial Thoughts Emerged in Bharathiyar's Works - A Perspective." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-11 (2022): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt224s116.

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The colonial system is one of the systems of government in the world. A "Colonial State" is a form of government developed in a non-European society that was directly subordinated to European colonial powers such as Britain, France, Holland, and Portugal. This model of government developed historically only after the sixteenth century. A colonial state is created through the means of conquering the people of a state or colony by treaty or force of arms; settling and building systems compatible with the social, political, and economic systems of the mother country; and ruling the foreign countr

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7

Paul, Justin, and Pravin Jadhav. "Institutional determinants of foreign direct investment inflows: evidence from emerging markets." International Journal of Emerging Markets 15, no. 2 (2019): 245–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoem-11-2018-0590.

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Purpose Foreign direct investment (FDI) is a strategic decision for achieving competitive advantage by multinational enterprises. The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of institutional determinants of FDI using data from 24 emerging markets including China, India, Indonesia, Turkey, Thailand, Malaysia and Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach In order to identify factors that attract FDI in emerging markets, this study has used data from sources such as the World Bank, Index of Economic Freedom and UNCTAD. Findings The findings of this research indicate that infrastructure quality,

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Hossain, Shakib, and Abu Zafar Ahmed Mukul. "Does Institutional Quality and Economic Freedom Impact on Foreign Direct Investment? Evidence From Developing Countries." International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting 8, no. 4 (2018): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijafr.v8i4.13973.

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Using panel data analysis, it is an attempt to estimates the significance of institutional quality and economic freedom on foreign direct investment for a sample of 79 developing countries from 1998 to 2014. Panel unit root, pedroni residual cointegration test, vector error correction model, generalized least square (GLS), feasible GLS (FGLS), pooled OLS, random effect, fixed effect, poisson regression, prais-winsten, generalized method of movement (GMM) and generalized estimating equation (GEE) method are utilizing for estimates the importance of institutional qualities and economic freedom f

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Akbar, Rasona Sunara. "PROBLEMATICS OF REQUIRED LIBERATION OF FOREIGN CITIZENS AND ITS SUPERVISORY MECHANISMS." Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Keimigrasian 1, no. 1 (2018): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.52617/jikk.v1i1.11.

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Indonesia is a country that places law as the only rule to play in society, nation and state. To limit freedom which is a human right, legal rules arise which aim to regulate public order, one of which is criminal law, which is a sanction law. Prison sentences in Indonesia, better known as correctional services, are one of the sanctions that aim to create a sense of suffering for the convicted person for losing freedom of movement,  guiding convicts to repentance, educating him to become a useful member of Indonesian socialist society. One of the products of Corrections in realizing this

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Kong, Hang. "Study on the Application of Rules for Normal Business Buyers." Lecture Notes in Education, Arts, Management and Social Science 3, no. 2 (2025): 14–19. https://doi.org/10.18063/lne.v3i2.737.

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Effectively allocating rights and obligations between parties in guarantee relationships is essential to balancing the guarantor’s discretionary freedom and the security interests of the guarantee right holder. This issue has long been a focal point in the reform of the chattel guarantee system. The “normal business buyer rule” stipulated in Article 320(a) of Part 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) in the United States is a legislative approach aimed at harmonizing the inherent conflict between efficiency and security in commercial transactions. Similar provisions exist in Article 102 of t

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Bliakher, Leonid, and Andrey Kovalevsky. "“Cage” Familiar, Unfamiliar, and Foreign, or Why Emigrants Go for Freedom." Journal of Political Theory, Political Philosophy and Sociology of Politics Politeia 1, no. 116 (2025): 21–55. https://doi.org/10.30570/2078-5089-2025-116-1-21-55.

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In the field of political studies, a toolkit has been developed for analyzing the functioning of the state, its specific organs and systems of interaction with other, equal entities. However, all of this only works when the state itself is genuine. What if the “mortal god” that has been familiar since the time of Thomas Hobbes is only imitated, forming an external, protective contour of something else, hidden inside? Meanwhile, today such cases are not at all uncommon. The article puts forward a hypothesis according to which, such a tool as the analysis of migration flows helps to see or at le

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Sinha, Gopal. "RAJA RAO’S KANTHAPURA AS THE MICROCOSM OF THE INDIAN ETHOS AND CULTURE EMBODIED IN A TALE FOR FREEDOM FROM FOREIGN RULE." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 6 (2017): 362–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i6.2017.2043.

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‘Kanthapura’ is a Gandhian saga which appears more as a ‘sthala-purana’. It is dominated by the place and not by the people. Raja Rao has not created any heores or heroines in this novel. It is not the story of the actions of any hero or god or goddess. It is the story of the actions of the entire village. The novel deals with its topography, its products, its myths and legends, its religion and society and its caste-ridden people. It describes the impact of the Gandhian freedom movement on this tiny village, its unequal fight against the forces of British imperialism and the sufferings of the

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13

Kenny, Gale, and Tisa Wenger. "Church, State, and “Native Liberty” in the Belgian Congo." Comparative Studies in Society and History 62, no. 1 (2020): 156–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417519000446.

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AbstractThis essay describes a religious freedom controversy that developed between the world wars in the Belgian colony of the Congo, where Protestant missionaries complained that Catholic priests were abusing Congolese Protestants and that the Belgian government favored the Catholics. The history of this campaign demonstrates how humanitarian discourses of religious freedom—and with them competing configurations of church and state—took shape in colonial contexts. From the beginnings of the European scramble for Africa, Protestant and Catholic missionaries had helped formulate the “civilizin

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Tyler, Drew. "Does theCharterFloat? The Application of theCanadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms to Canada’s Policing of High Seas Fisheries." Canadian Yearbook of international Law/Annuaire canadien de droit international 48 (2011): 179–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0069005800010110.

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SummaryThe majority judgment of the Supreme Court of Canada inR v Hapeheld that, in general, theCanadian Charter of Rights and Freedomsdoes not apply to Canadian government agents when they are acting in foreign state territory. This comment considers whether this rule should extend to high seas interdictions, by Canadian agents, of foreign-flagged vessels. In particular, it considers the potential application of theCharterto Canada’s policing of high seas fisheries. It concludes that the legal regimes governing high seas fisheries are sufficiently distinct from those pertaining to state terri

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Shankar., K. Hugar. "HISTORY OF FREEDOM AND POWER PRINCELY STATE OF KITTUR- (BELGAUM DIST) NORTH KARNATAKA." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 6, S2 (2019): 191–96. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2566167.

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The word "Freedom struggle” brings vividly to oar minds the saga of sacrifices made by millions, some of whom laid down their lives in a blazing train of glory. Bondage, whether social, economic, or political, has always evoked intense resistance the world over. The history of foreign domination in India is replete with acts of courage, sacrifice and dedication to the cause of freedom. But over the decades, the fight for freedom of the country was continued with the same dedication, singleness of purpose and solidarity. The heroes of our freedom struggle came from every corner of th

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Rusu, Mirela. "Brexit, the stateness and the flow of Foreign Investment in the Western Balkans: a case study of Bosnia and Herzegovina." Review of European Affairs 7, no. 1 (2023): 27–38. https://doi.org/10.51149/roea.1.2023.3.

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Attracting foreign direct investment to the Western Balkans has been in the last decades a major challenge for administrations and political parties ruling the respective countries. However, the perception that their legal system is slow, pressured by political influence and political frictions, that the government policies are unreliable, corrupted and affected by direct interference (immixtion directe) of the national political systems and their policies, have prevented foreign investors to invest massively in SEE. Against this background, the findings of the article show that factors relate

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Sherzod, Toshpulatov. "INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS REGULATING DIPLOMATIC IMMUNITY IN THE LIGHT OF UZBEKISTAN'S POSITION." «Zamonaviy dunyoda ijtimoiy fanlar: nazariy va amaliy izlanishlar» nomli ilmiy, masofaviy, onlayn konferensiya 1, no. 22 (2022): 50–55. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7095263.

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There are certain categories of persons and bodies which, under international law, are immune from the jurisdiction of municipal courts. The two principal categories are foreign states (sovereign or state immunity) and their diplomatic agents (diplomatic immunity).  In international law state immunity refers to the legal rules and principles determining the conditions under which a foreign state may claim freedom from the jurisdiction (the legislative, judicial and administrative powers) of another state (often called the ‘forum state’). 

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Dzera, M. M., R. Y. Pasichnyy, and A. M. Ostapchuk. "Change egypt's foreign policy vector 2011–2017 as a factor of growth of international indices." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 20, no. 91 (2018): 102–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet9121.

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Position and place of Egypt in the international arena is changing the vector, but does not rule out the already conservative nature. Undoubtedly, the country's leaders do not deviate from traditions and religious beliefs in the implementation of both domestic and foreign policy, but President Abdul As-Sisi introduces changes that mitigate the country's legislation. This is evident in the changes in the rights of women and children, corruption, employment rights and marriage. The persistent and prolonged authoritarian regime was the reason for the reluctance to cooperate with the Club of Dicta

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Pettigrew, Erin. "Authoritarian Africa beyond Guantánamo: Freedom in Captivity." African Studies Review 63, no. 2 (2020): 411–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asr.2020.13.

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Africanists struggle with Mohamedou ould Slahi’s story for a number of reasons, not the least of which is that the Saharan region is often considered a space betwixt and between. Not only does the Sahara lie between the Maghreb and the Sahel, but Slahi’s experience illustrates how the military and political histories of counterterrorism and the intellectual and social histories of Islamist calls for religious reform are imagined as occurring elsewhere. The upswing in violence in Burkina Faso and Mali, the continued disruptions of Boko Haram, and the deep military involvement and investments in

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Scattolini, Tyler. "The Corporate Transparency Act or an Expanded Customer Due Diligence Rule." Texas A&M Law Review Arguendo 12, no. 1 (2025): 93–112. https://doi.org/10.37419/lr.v12.arg.7.

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In 2021, Congress passed the Corporate Transparency Act (“CTA”) to combat money laundering, terrorist financing, and other illicit activities by requiring certain business entities to report personal information about the individuals who own or control the business and those who helped create or register the business. The reported information will be held in a federal database controlled by the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network and can be disclosed upon request by domestic and foreign governmental agencies and financial institutions. While the motivation be

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Shapcott, Richard. "Human rights, extraterritoriality and the good international citizen: a cosmopolitan perspective." International Relations 34, no. 2 (2019): 246–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047117819897310.

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This article revisits the possibilities of the good international citizen (GIC) as a civilising agent in international society. It argues that an underdeveloped resource for thinking about state responsibilities as GIC is the idea of cosmopolitan extraterritoriality (ET) in relation to human rights. ET, the assertion of jurisdiction beyond territorial borders, has long been associated with statist and nationalist purposes; however, a significant cosmopolitan, and civilising, potential can be found within practices of ET in relation to human rights and certain aspects of criminal law such as in

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Mendy, Ousu. "A Constitution without Constitutionalism: A Gambian Paradox." International Journal of Law and Public Policy (IJLAPP) 6, no. 1 (2024): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.36079/lamintang.ijlapp-0601.607.

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Constitutionalism and democratization are the current governance trends in Africa, and these are complemented with new constitutions. The Gambia is not an exception as it transcends from dictatorship. However, the country faces a paradoxical menace of a constitution without constitutionalism as it faces deficit of constitutionalism in praxis despite its theoretical deliberation in the State’s 1997 Constitution. This research uses doctrinal or normative legal research with focus on provisions of laws, books, journal articles and other secondary materials that speak to the facts in issue. This A

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Jerin, Dr Vandana, and Ms Ankita Yadav. "Khilafat and Non-Cooperation Movement the Saga of Hindu - Muslim Unity during the Freedom Struggle of India." International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods 13, no. 06 (2025): 215–38. https://doi.org/10.56025/ijaresm.2025.130625215.

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The early decades of the 20th century witnessed a dramatic transformation in India's national movement, marked by mass mobilizations and growing resistance against British colonial rule. Among the most influential and interlinked movements of this era were the Khilafat Movement and the Non-Cooperation Movement, which together represented a unique convergence of religious sentiment and political nationalism. This research project aims to critically examine the origin, development, and outcomes of both movements. The Khilafat Movement was launched by Indian Muslims in protest against the British

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HULIAK, OKSANA. "ACTUALIZATION OF HUMANISTIC POTENTIAL OF STUDENTS’ FOREIGN LANGUAGE TRAINING." Scientific Issues of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: pedagogy 1, no. 2 (2023): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2415-3605.22.2.10.

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The article clarifies the essence of the humanistic tradition in teaching foreign languages to students, substantiates the need for actualising the humanistic potential of foreign language training for the purpose of intellectual and spiritual enhancement of the individual, as a result of realizing the creative nature of language, which is an external manifestation of the spirit of the nation that enables thinking and cognition. Since each language structures objective reality and describes the familiar world in its own way, familiarization in the process of mastering a foreign language with a

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Kantian, Raffi. "MAINTAINING POWER THROUGH AGGRESSION: THE AZERBAIJANI EXAMPLE." Armenological Issues 2, no. 1(29) (2025): 57–67. https://doi.org/10.46991/ai.2025.1.29.004.

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The takeover of power by Ilham Aliyev over 20 years ago contains all the elements of a non-democratic system. The power thus assumed is perpetuated by so-called elections, which were and are neither free nor fair. The regime arbitrarily disregards the law and citizens are exposed to state attacks without protection. Critical voices from civil society, freedom of the press and freedom of opinion are systematically suppressed on an ongoing basis. The system is not afraid to persecute critical citizens abroad, too. Criticism by foreign powers has been and continues to be mitigated/suppressed by o

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Boczek, Michał. "Judicial reporting as a guarantor of the rule of law." Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization and Management Series 2022, no. 158 (2022): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.29119/1641-3466.2022.158.5.

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Purpose: is to show judicial reporting in relation to the rule of law. The text focuses on the considerations and analysis of the relativity of judicial reporting to the rule of law as a kind of values and subjective rights of civil society. An additional assumption is to indicate the essence of the issue in an interdisciplinary perspective, drawing attention to its importance, multidimensionality, connection and social significance, leaving room for own research. Design/methodology/approach: The research method used in the article is the analysis of scientific studies, supplemented by the aut

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Suchánek, Radovan. "Vývoj svátkového práva od vzniku ČSR po současnost." AUC IURIDICA 45, no. 1 (2020): 103–14. https://doi.org/10.14712/23366478.2025.283.

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Mgr. Radovan Suchánek reflects in his article “Development of Public Holidays’ Law Since the Beginning of Czechoslovakia up to the Present” on history of our state and statehood from a specific point of view. He asks, how changing of specific political systems and regimes, democratic and totalitarian, national freedom and foreign rule, influence of religion or concrete churches on society manifest in what we pay homage to or reject not only by erecting or destroying monuments, but also by introducing, keeping and cancelling public holidays. The determining factors influence not only the facts,

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Shifman, Pinhas. "State Recognition of Religious Marriage: Symbols and Content." Israel Law Review 21, no. 3-4 (1986): 501–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700009237.

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It is generally thought that the rule of religious law regarding marriage and divorce is a concession on the part of the State of Israel to religious interests. It is assumed that the religious population derives great satisfaction from the fact that the State ostensibly bows down to religious law, declining to exercise its jurisdiction on this matter. The non-observant citizen is widely considered the victim of this arrangement. He is forced to take part in a religious ceremony which is foreign to him and, in such an intimate realm of his life, must render himself of the services of a religio

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Lokhova, I. V., and B. G. Koybaev. "Issues of international economic relations in India’s foreign policy in the 70s and early 80s of the XX century." Vestnik of North Ossetian State University, no. 1 (March 25, 2025): 20–27. https://doi.org/10.29025/1994-7720-2025-1-20-27.

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The article examines aspects related to the solution of international economic relations in the foreign policy of independent India. In 1947 India is entering the international arena, as after the end of World War II and the powerful rise of the liberation movement, the British government was forced to abandon the preservation of India’s colonial dependence. However, Britain hoped to maintain some part of the economic and political positions in India, setting the task of weakening the future Indian state in every possible way, both politically and economically, and distracting the masses from

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Kucukcan, Talip. "Islam, Democracy., and Freedom in North Africa." American Journal of Islam and Society 9, no. 2 (1992): 276–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v9i2.2565.

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The Islamic Society of the London School of Economics (LondonUniversity) recently orgamed a one-day conference on “Islam, Democracy andFreedom in North Africa.” In attendance were scholars from several universitiesas well as religious leaders and former statesmen. The audience was composedmainly of university students.The first session featured S. Salaam of the Sorbonne (Paris), who discussedthe recent situation in Algeria after touching on late nineteenth- and earlytwentiethcentury social, political, and religious developments. He talked aboutthe ulama’s role as a source of mobilization again

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Yusubov, Kostyantyn. "Criminal liability for violation of the order of enforcement of judgments under the laws of foreign countries." Law Review of Kyiv University of Law, no. 2 (August 10, 2020): 417–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36695/2219-5521.2.2020.82.

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The article deals with the study of foreign experience of criminal responsibility for separate crimes that infringe on the executionorder of conviction. The presence of alternative models of consolidation in the criminal laws of European countries and the norms ofresponsibility for failure to execute judicial decisions, primarily due to the national characteristics of the criminal law. Features of re -gulation of criminal responsibility for crimes against the order of execution of a judgment of conviction for which the person is sentencedto the punishment associated with the restriction of fre

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Dihaa, Dihaa Hadaf, Abdulsatar Shaker Salman, Laith Rafea Khalaf, and Bushra Abd Al-Lattif Jasim. "International Legal Frameworks for Protecting Intellectual Property and Ensuring Academic Freedom." Journal of Ecohumanism 3, no. 5 (2024): 249–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i5.3905.

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Background: Intellectual property rights and academic freedom are critical in promoting global innovation and intellectual conversation. However, their cohabitation often raises complicated legal and ethical issues. This article examines how intellectual property rules interact with academic freedom under foreign legal systems. Objective: To examine how international legal tools and treaties combine intellectual property rights protection with academic freedom, stressing the consequences for research and innovation. Methods: This article examines significant international treaties, such as the

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Zbyrak, T. V. "Legal Guarantees Of Media Independence In Ukraine And The European Union." Actual problems of improving of current legislation of Ukraine, no. 51 (August 6, 2019): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/apiclu.51.111-118.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of legal guarantees of media independence in Ukraine and the European Union. The author believes that safeguards are a set of objective and subjective factors aimed at the practical protection of human rights and freedoms, to eliminate any obstacles to their full and proper implementation. The main purpose of the safeguards is to create the necessary conditions for the transformation of the rights and freedoms enshrined in the law from possibilities into reality. It has been established that press freedom should be regarded as a guaranteed right or

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Diukarieva-Berzhanina, K. Yu. "The degree of freedom of the designer of the industrial design." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 1, no. 84 (2024): 272–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2024.84.1.40.

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The article is devoted to the study of the essence of the concept of the degree of freedom of the designer of an industrial design in the context of such a criterion of the protectionability of an industrial design as an individual character. The Law of Ukraine «On Protection of Rights to Industrial Designs» has been analyzed for the purpose of defining the concept of «designer’s degree of freedom». It has been established that the domestic law does not contain a broad explanation of the mentioned concept. It has been found that some additional information regarding the understanding of the co

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Zahrebelna, Nataliia, Andrii Dubovoi, Oleksandr Vashchuk, Serhii Sadovyi, and Alla Pyshna. "Grundlagen of Legal Responsibility and Guaranteeing the Efficacy of Measures in Compliance with European Human Rights Standards." Yustisia Jurnal Hukum 13, no. 2 (2024): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/yustisia.v13i2.79537.

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<em>The study aims to analyze effective human rights protection by clarifying the concept of legal liability from the point of view of the EU legislation and case law on human rights. Ensuring justice, freedom, and equality before the law is important. Ukraine is committed to EU integration; therefore, adapting Ukrainian legislation to European standards is a key step in this process. The study focuses on determining the need for and ways of adapting the Ukrainian legal framework to European standards. As a result of the study, The European Union (EU) plays a crucial role in Ukraine's fo

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Schmidtke, Oliver. "Competing Historical Narratives: Memory Politics, Identity, and Democracy in Germany and Poland." Social Sciences 12, no. 7 (2023): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci12070391.

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This article considers the growing rift between Western and Eastern Europe regarding the commemoration of Europe’s recent past and related historical narratives of nationhood that shape contemporary political preferences. More specifically, it investigates the connections between collective memory, national identities, and democratic cultures as they manifest themselves in Germany and Poland. With the help of an interpretative analysis focused on the discourse of political elites in both countries, the article identifies competing ways of interpreting 20th-century history and providing it with

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Chamera-Nowak, Agnieszka. "„Autentyczna interpretacja”. (Nie)przestrzeganie prawa autorskiego i konwencji międzynarodowych w stosunku do wydawców i twórców zagranicznych w czasie stalinizmu w świetle materiałów Centralnego Urzędu Wydawnictw, Przemysłu Graficznego i Księgarstwa." Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Bibliothecarum Scientiam Pertinentia 20 (March 29, 2023): 247–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20811861.20.16.

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In 1952, the Communists changed the copyright law in Poland that limited copyright protection and linked it to censorship. From the very beginning, however, they deliberately violated copyright laws and international conventions, including the Berne Convention which Poland had been a member of since 1920. The new law strengthened government control over publishing policies and over the transmission of intellectual content that ultimately led to restrictions on the freedom of expression. In particular, the law introduced strict rationing of authors’ earnings, which ceased to be market-driven an

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VIDERGOLD, A. I., and D. V. BIRYUKOVA. "CRIMINAL LAW PROTECTION OF INDIVIDUALS FROM CYBERSTALKING." LEGAL ORDER: History, Theory, Practice 43, no. 4 (2024): 138–43. https://doi.org/10.47475/2311-696x-2024-43-4-138-143.

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There is no doubt that crimes against individuals have a high degree of social danger, since they are aimed directly at causing harm to a person’s life, health, honor and dignity. Though in a rule of a law state, the protection of the individual is a paramount task, since a person, human rights and freedoms are the highest value in the state. The lack of norms ensuring the implementation of criminal liability for cyberstalking is in many ways an obstacle to the creation of a well-functioning mechanism for overcoming crisis phenomena in the criminal legal protection of individuals. The article

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Terletska, Natalia. "A human being in meta-anthropology and transhumanism: the sense of human exsistance." Grani 23, no. 1-2 (2020): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/172014.

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From the point of view of metaanthropology, the article analyzes the values of human being: the value of security, power, freedom, love, unity of freedom and love, as well as the value of such existentials as the sense & meaningfullness of human being & exsistance.The value of the sense of human being & exsistance is analized in a research from such points of view as: life not only for the sake of self-preservation and minimization of suffering, but also for the development, holistic harmonious realization by a humanity of such qualities that make a person capable not only for the

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Terletska, Natalia. "The problem of human transformation and the criteria of "good" and "evil" in meta-anthropology and transhumanism." Grani 23, no. 3 (2020): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/172026.

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From the position of meta-anthropology, at the article are analyzed the values of being: the value of the archetypes of good, freedom, love, unity of freedom and love, as well as the value of such an existential as the meaning of human existence.The value of the sense of being is analized in a research from such points of view as: life not only for the sake of self-preservation and minimization of suffering, but also for the development, holistic harmonious realization by a humanity of such qualities that make a person capable not only for the consumering of the benefits of civilization, but a

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Mattar, Mohamed Y., Thani Al-Thani, Fouzi Belknani, Abdullah Abdullah, and Faten Hawa. "Public–Private Partnership: A Legislative Model from the State of Qatar." Global Journal of Comparative Law 11, no. 1 (2022): 77–130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2211906x-11010004.

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Abstract The State of Qatar has recently witnessed a massive legislative movement designed to encourage foreign investment and enhance private sector participation in the economy, especially in trade and investment. This article addresses one of the most important enactments in this regard; Law No. 12 of 2020 on economic Partnership between the Government Sector and the Private Sector (hereinafter referred to as the ppp Law or Law N. 12 of 2020). The law encourages the expansive role of the private sector and provides for several incentives and guarantees. The law also designs rules of partner

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Willems, Ward. "Withholding Taxes Within the Internal Market After Sofina: Chronicle of a Death Foretold?" EC Tax Review 28, Issue 2 (2019): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ecta2019013.

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On 22 November 2018 the European Court of Justice (‘CJEU’) ruled in Case C-575/17 on the French rules for taxing dividends distributed to companies in deficit. Dividends distributed to non-residents are subject to withholding tax, while distributions to resident beneficiaries are exempt from withholding tax (‘WHT’) but subject to corporate income tax (‘CIT’) instead. While non-resident companies are subject to immediate taxation, resident companies could benefit from a cash-flow advantage when they remain in deficit, or even a permanent exemption when they liquidate before becoming profitable

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Urooj Marium, Khizar Hayat, Umar Hayyat, and Nazeer Muhammad. "Economic Foundations and Institutional Dynamics: Drivers of China’s Outward FDI in Asia." Social Science Review Archives 2, no. 2 (2024): 2123–35. https://doi.org/10.70670/sra.v2i2.276.

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This research performs a quantitative investigation on the relationship between economic structure and institutional quality on China’s OFDI in 34 Asian countries during 2003 to 2021. By using the data collected during the period 2009-2015, this study employs panel data analysis and a number of econometric estimators including the pooled OLS and Fixed-effects model in order to identify the major determinants of China’s investment in this region. Economic controls were captured by use of economic factors that include per capita income, trade liberalization, cost of labor, foreign exchange rates

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Katulski, Jakub. "Liberalna czy nieliberalna? Percepcja izraelskiej demokracji przez Unię Europejską." Kultura i Edukacja 135, no. 1 (2022): 219–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/kie.2022.01.11.

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Liberal democracy perspective dominates the perception of actors and partners in the foreign relations of European Union. This stems from the declared fundamental values of the Union: respect for human dignity and human rights, freedom, democracy, equality and the rule of law. This also influences the judgment of Israel, who connected to the EU with cooperation but also criticised for its attitude towards the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Liberal democracies not only allow their citizens to exercise their right to vote but also guarantee a degree of protection from the state to all political l

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Fliter, I. S. "The realization of the right to freedom of speech on the Internet." Digital Law Journal 2, no. 3 (2021): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.38044/2686-9136-2021-2-3-55-70.

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The expression of opinions on the Internet has a number of features in comparison with traditional means of information dissemination. Firstly, imposition of classical measures of legal liability can be difficult due to the peculiarities of cyber space: anonymity and erasure of jurisdictional boundaries. In this regard, a new mechanism of restrictions has appeared, which consists in the withdrawal of information that violates the law or the rights of other citizens from the Internet at the direction of state bodies. The trends in this area are the predominance of the administrative procedure f

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Alwan, Ass Prof Dr Rasha Jameel, and Ass Lecture Widad Abdul Sada. "The Iraqi Deputies’ Stance on the Privilege of the Hejaz Railway in the Discussions of the Ottoman Council of Deputies 1908-1914 CE." Thi Qar Arts Journal 2, no. 44 (2023): 184–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.32792/tqartj.v2i44.494.

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The Hejaz Railway, one of the most significant projects undertaken by the Ottoman Empire during the reign of Sultan Abdul Hamid II, stands as a remarkable accomplishment. It was a collaborative effort involving Arabs and Muslims from various Ottoman provinces, including Iraq. Their contributions were vital due to the railway's religious, political, economic, and military significance. Consequently, the Hejaz Railway garnered attention during the discussions of the Ottoman Council of Deputies from 1908 to 1914, where Iraqi deputies actively participated with their proposals and opinions.

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Ryzhova, Svetlana V. "Value Pillars of Russian’ Identity under Conditions of Foreign Challenges." Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya, no. 9 (November 26, 2024): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0132162524090053.

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Based on the data of the general sociological survey of the population of the Russian Federation population in February-March 2024, the value foundations of the all-Russian identity are being studied, which are gaining more and more weight in the context of foreign policy pressures and confrontation between Russia and the collective West. Conceptual basis of the study is theoretical approaches to the exploring identity, values and formation processes of a political nation. The study showed that under the influence of the current president’s discourse and concepts enshrined in the leading strat

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Alalaq, Ahmed. "History of the development of journalism in Iran 1819-1914 AD." Kufa Journal of Arts 1, no. 25 (2016): 149–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.36317/kaj/2015/v1.i25.6301.

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The press and those in charge of it in Iran enjoyed a kind of relative freedom during the first phase of its life, that is, from the nineteenth century until the outbreak of the events of the constitutional movement in 1905 AD, when the country witnessed the issuance of the first newspaper with the efforts of the Iranian government and with the direct support and attribution of the Shah. Its articles have always been far from Direct criticism of the state's policy and the way it deals with the foreign presence in Iran. This paved the way for the sons of the educated elite who found in themselv

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Stasiak, Ryszarda. "Podstawy prawne działania radia, telewizji i innych technicznych nośników przekazu w Szwecji." Themis Polska Nova 6, no. 1 (2014): 201–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/tpn2014.1.13.

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The subject of this article is the legal basis of the activity of radio, television and other technical media devices in Sweden. The basis of this activity is freedom of expression guaranteed in the act on the instrument of government (Regeringsformen – RF). There are specific constitutional regulations for some forms of expression. Freedom of the press is regulated in the ordinance on freedom of the press (Tryckfrihetsförordningen – TF) and it includes freedom of expression in writing. The fundamental law on freedom of expression (Yttrandefrihetsgrundlagen – YGL) is applicable to other forms

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Pieczewski, Andrzej, and Aliaksandra Sidarava. "The Polish Diaspora in Belarus." Polish Review 69, no. 3 (2024): 52–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/23300841.69.3.04.

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Abstract As a result of the collapse of the Soviet Union, an independent Belarus came into being, with a large Polish diaspora within its borders. Initially, the country embarked on a path of democratic and market reforms, and cooperation with Poland seemed promising. In 1994, Alexander Lukashenko won the presidential election. From that point on, a shift toward an authoritarian political system and a reversal of market reforms began. Poland and Belarus began to diverge in terms of their chosen political and economic systems and strategic foreign partners. It became increasingly difficult for

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