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Journal articles on the topic 'Freedom of access to information'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Svärd, Proscovia. "Freedom of information laws and information access." Information Development 33, no. 2 (July 9, 2016): 190–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266666916642829.

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Sierra Leone was engulfed in a destructive civil war between 1991 and 2002. The civil war was partly caused by the non-accountability of the government, endemic corruption, misrule and the mismanagement of the country’s resources. Efforts have been made by the country, with the help of the international community, to embrace a democratic dispensation. To demonstrate its commitment to the democratization agenda, Sierra Leone passed the Right to Access Information (RAI) Act in 2013. The Act guarantees access to government information and also imposes a penalty on failure to make information available. However, Sierra Leone’s state institutions are still weak due to mismanagement and lack of transparency and accountability. Freedom of expression and access to information are cornerstones of modern democracies. Public information/records are a means of power that governments and other political institutions use to exercise control over citizens, but are also a means of citizens’ empowerment. Through access to government information/records, media can play their watchdog role and people can assess the performance of governments and hold them accountable. The purpose of the paper is to demonstrate the fact that it is not enough to enact freedom of information laws (FOIs) if there is no political will to make government information accessible, an information management infrastructure to facilitate the creation, capture, management, dissemination, preservation and re-use of government information and investments in civil education to promote an information culture that appreciates information as a resource that underpins accountability and transparency.

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2

Walby, Kevin, and Mike Larsen. "Access to Information and Freedom of Information Requests." Qualitative Inquiry 18, no. 1 (December 16, 2011): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077800411427844.

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3

Walby, Kevin, and Jeff Yaremko. "Freedom of Information Audits as Access Advocacy." Journal of Civic Information 2, no. 2 (October 31, 2020): 22–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/joci.v2i2.126523.

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To evaluate the performance of FOI regimes, associations of journalists and other groups undertake FOI audits. These audits assess the depth of disclosure, the use of exemptions, among other indicators of the health of FOI laws. Drawing on a thematic analysis of FOI audits, we examine how these audits are conducted and what the audits reveal about FOI in multiple jurisdictions. We discern four themes in these audits: (1) law enforcement and security hindrance of FOI, (2) a link between FOI advocacy and struggles for government transparency, (3) gross abuses of FOI, and (4) the potential for social change. Arguing that FOI audits are a form of access advocacy, we suggest future FOI audits could be more community-based and participatory. We also provide recommendations for those undertaking future FOI audits.

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4

Leon, Mark. "Freedom of Belief and Access to Information." Philosophical Forum 45, no. 4 (October 21, 2014): 395–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/phil.12046.

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5

Goonasekera, Anura. "Freedom of Expression in the Information Age: Access to Information." Media Asia 27, no. 2 (January 2000): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01296612.2000.11771950.

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Bunker, Matthew D., and Sigman L. Splichal. "Relational Privacy Cases and Freedom of Information." Newspaper Research Journal 18, no. 3-4 (June 1997): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073953299701800308.

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Study finds that if relational privacy reasoning is taken to its logical conclusion, access would be curtailed to a broad range of information related to deceased persons that has traditionally been available under federal and state access laws.

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Jane E., Kirtley. "Information law: Freedom of information, privacy, open meetings, other access laws." Government Information Quarterly 7, no. 3 (January 1990): 373–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0740-624x(90)90037-o.

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8

Byrne, Alex. "Freedom of Access to Information and Freedom of Expression in a Pluralistic World." IFLA Journal 25, no. 4 (August 1999): 223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/034003529902500405.

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9

Sturges, Paul. "IFLA'S FAIFE – Freedom of Access to Information and Freedom of Expression Core Activity." Information Development 22, no. 3 (August 2006): 162–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266666906068815.

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10

Tarafdar, Suhail Amin, and Michael Fay. "Freedom of Information and Data Protection Acts." InnovAiT: Education and inspiration for general practice 11, no. 1 (November 28, 2017): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1755738017735139.

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Data is frequently handled by GPs during their day-to-day work. This includes not only clinical data where patient information is handled, but also organisational data. Clinicians must be aware of the regulations that govern information handling. This article will discuss the Data Protection Act 1998, which governs personal information held on patient records. It will clarify the eight data protection principles and how they apply in practice. Thereafter, the article will discuss the Freedom of Information Act 2000, which gives the public rights to access certain data held by surgeries. The article will highlight important exemptions and grounds for refusing access to data.

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11

Sturges, Paul. "The Library and Freedom of Information: Agent or Icon?" Alexandria: The Journal of National and International Library and Information Issues 13, no. 1 (April 2001): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095574900101300102.

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It is through freedom of information legislation that states come closest to providing the full mechanism for access to files. Because the library holds information resources and provides services that promise access to information, it seems natural to suggest that the library, particularly the national library, is an agent for freedom of information. But the first element of true freedom of information is that a set of transparent and effective mechanisms exists so as to allow the right of access to be realized in practice; the second element is that access to files should not require the demonstration of any ‘need to know’. National libraries have collections of great size and diversity, and they can call on the resources of other libraries, nationally and internationally; but they are seldom open to all. Library access mechanisms can also be unduly complex, to the extent that only the committed user can get full value from them; in effect, libraries operate on a ‘need to know’ system. Libraries serve many invaluable purposes, but they are not so much agents of freedom of information as iconic representations of national commitment to freedom of information.

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12

Ivanova, Ksenia A., and Madi Zh Myltykbaev. "The freedom of speech and right of access to information in the emerging system of international information security." Law Enforcement Review 4, no. 4 (December 28, 2020): 80–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.24147/2542-1514.2020.4(4).80-93.

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The subject. The article is devoted to the analysis of the freedom of speech and access to information in the context of the emerging system of international information security. The purpose of the article is to try to predict the positive and negative consequences of changing international relations in the digital age, to determine the role of freedom of speech and access to information in the context of confrontation between Russia and the United States. The research presented in this article was carried out by combining different disciplinary approaches, including comparative law, comparative politics and international relations, political theory and sociology. Moreover, study includes methods of dialectical logic, analysis and synthesis, as well as formal legal analysis of international legal acts of the UN. The main results and scope of their application. The rights of freedom of speech and access to information is undoubtedly one of the main in the global digital communication context. Degree of implementation of human and citizen rights to freedom of expression and access to information are indicators of political processes, the pace of building a civil society and legal state in current country. These rights are the foundation of modern democracy. The authors carry out a systematic analysis of the categories “freedom of speech” and “the right to access information”, identify the features of implementation of these rights in cyberspace, analyze international practice of legal regulation of these rights and assess the place and role of these rights in the emerging system of international information security. A legal analysis of international legal acts shows that the positions of the United States and the Russian Federation in the field of international information security are gradually converging, and the convergence is going in the direction of the Russian position Conclusions. The limits on the exercise of freedom of speech and access to information do not correspond to the level of development of public relations, because there are no effective legal tools to prevent defamation in the mass media, which in turn can lead to conflict between countries. It is concluded that there is a need for active international cooperation and consistent unification of the legislation of various countries, taking into account that freedom of speech and access to information in cyberspace should have the same level of protection as in the physical world.

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13

Kravchenko, M. "RIGHT TO INFORMATION: COMMUNICATIVE FREEDOM, SCOPE OF CONSTITUTIONAL PROTECTION, GROUNDS FOR RESTRICTIONS." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Legal Studies, no. 117 (2021): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2195/2021/2.117-8.

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The article is devoted to determining the place of the right to information in the system of communicative freedoms, specifying the scope of constitutional protection and clarifying the criteria for its restriction. During the research a wide range of general scientific and special-legal methods of scientific knowledge was used, in particular: logical, historical, comparative-legal and system-structural methods of research. The analysis of domestic and German legal literature on the right to information was important for achieving the goal of the study. The study of the decisions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine and the decisions of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany devoted to the interpretation of this fundamental human right was of particular cognitive importance. As a result of the study, the author states that the right to information belongs to the system of communicative freedoms. As a separate communicative freedom, it actively interacts with other freedoms, such as freedom of expression, freedom of the press, freedom of cinema, and so on. At the same time, the right to information is subordinated to the general goal of communicative freedoms – to be an instrument of communication of an individual with society, a real opportunity to express and convey his views, beliefs and opinions to other individuals. The right to information protects access to public information not by a particular group of individuals, but by the corresponding right of each individual. In addition, this right should not be construed as a right to restrict access to certain information. Given this, the scope of protection of the right to information is to protect the right of everyone to access information that is in publicly available sources of information. Such information is the source for forming the views and beliefs of individuals. The appropriate approach should be reflected in the following interpretative acts of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on the interpretation of the right to information. This fundamental human right may be restricted. However, such interference in the exercise of this right of individuals should not turn into its complete leveling, turning it into fiction. Therefore, along with the purely normative grounds for restricting the right to information, additional criteria are defined according to which each individual case of restriction of this right of individuals must be assessed. Keywords: information, communication freedom, human rights, sphere of protection, restriction of human rights

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Azer Aliyeva, Asmar. "FAKE NEWS AND PROPAGANDA AGAINST FREEDOM OF INFORMATION DURING THE NAGORNO-KARABAKH CONFLICT." SCIENTIFIC WORK 65, no. 04 (April 23, 2021): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/65/191-194.

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Fake news and propaganda are a problem that the whole world is struggling to fight. In particular, it is very difficult for the states to control fake news disseminate on the Internet that harms the interests of the states. The measures taken by states in this area sometimes impede freedom of expression, which is one of the fundamental human rights, and in this connection, access to information. Although fake news and propaganda are used for distinctive purposes in different places, the article highlights the measures taken by Azerbaijan to combat politically motivated fake news and propaganda during the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, their causes and consequences. Key words: freedom of expression on the Internet, freedom of information, fake news, propaganda, Nagorno-Karabakh conflict

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15

Slutskiy, Pavel. "Freedom of Expression, Social Media Censorship, and Property Rights." Tripodos, no. 48 (December 2, 2020): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.51698/tripodos.2020.48p53-68.

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Sustainable Development Goal 16 stresses the importance of access to information. It is clearly emphasised in target 16.10 —“to ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms, in accordance with national legislation and international agreements”. With social media becoming the default communication platforms, the questions of the extent to which their content moderating models are conducive to the implementation of public access to information and fundamental freedoms are becoming increasingly important. Facebook, Instagram, Tumblr as well as Twitter and other social media platforms have been recently criticised for censorship of user-generated content. This article looks at the controversy surrounding these policies from the property rights perspective —focusing on the role which property rights play in securing the freedom of expression. By recognising the owners’ right to control the legitimately owned property, I conclude that social media are not engaged in “censorship” —they merely exercise property rights. There is a difference between a private platform refusing to carry someone’s ideas on their property and a government prohibiting from speaking on a legitimately owned property. Keywords: SDG 16.10, freedom of expression, censorship, social media, property rights.

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Slutskiy, Pavel. "Freedom of Expression, Social Media Censorship, and Property Rights." Tripodos, no. 48 (December 2, 2020): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.51698/tripodos.2020.48p53-67.

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Sustainable Development Goal 16 stresses the importance of access to information. It is clearly emphasised in target 16.10 —“to ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms, in accordance with national legislation and international agreements”. With social media becoming the default communication platforms, the questions of the extent to which their content moderating models are conducive to the implementation of public access to information and fundamental freedoms are becoming increasingly important. Facebook, Instagram, Tumblr as well as Twitter and other social media platforms have been recently criticised for censorship of user-generated content. This article looks at the controversy surrounding these policies from the property rights perspective —focusing on the role which property rights play in securing the freedom of expression. By recognising the owners’ right to control the legitimately owned property, I conclude that social media are not engaged in “censorship” —they merely exercise property rights. There is a difference between a private platform refusing to carry someone’s ideas on their property and a government prohibiting from speaking on a legitimately owned property. Keywords: SDG 16.10, freedom of expression, censorship, social media, property rights.

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17

Frazier, Lowell. "School-Press Relations and Freedom of Access." Newspaper Research Journal 9, no. 3 (March 1988): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073953298800900302.

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Opinions of public school superintendents and education reporters about freedom of access and their working relationship were examined to identify possible news coverage problems. Most superintendents were found not to agree that the press has a right to free access to public school information and personnel. Results suggest relations could be improved by enhancing access and contact.

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18

Josephine, Helen B., and Maxine H. Reneker. "In defense of FIRST and freedom of access to information." College & Research Libraries News 50, no. 5 (May 1, 1989): 377–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crln.50.5.377.

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19

Huivan, P. D. "FREEDOM OF INFORMATION AND ABILITY TO RESTRICT ACCESS TO IT." South Ukrainian Law Journal 2 (2019): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.32850/sulj.2019.2-15.

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20

Ralls, Marion. "SALBIN: Freedom of Access for Users Unlimited." VINE 19, no. 2 (February 1989): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb040415.

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21

Shehaj, Ardita. "Freedom of Information and Citizens’ Perception in Albania." European Journal of Economics and Business Studies 4, no. 2 (August 1, 2018): 212–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ejes-2018-0054.

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Abstract Transparency and the right to information are among the most important components of good governance, strong and stable democracy, citizen’s participation and the fight against corruption. The right to information is a constitutional right that is guaranteed not only by freedom of information law but also from the Albanian constitution. This legal framework is ranked 6th in the world and guarantees not only citizens right to access public information but also obliges institutions to proactively disclose information. Beside the fact that the Albanian legal framework is a very good one, it is very important to know citizens perception regarding the necessity of this right. For this reason, a survey was conducted and the data show that citizen education and their contact with the law are not enough for the proper implementation of this law. Public awareness is needed not only to explain how to exercise the right to access information but especially to explain the importance of this law in the fight against corruption.

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22

Sturges, Paul. "Understanding cultures, and IFLA's Freedom of Access to Information and Freedom of Expression (FAIFE) core activity." Journal of Documentation 61, no. 2 (April 2005): 296–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00220410510585232.

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23

Argenziano, Rossella, and Helen Weeds. "Bias and Negligence with Freedom of Information." Economic Journal 129, no. 624 (June 28, 2019): 2979–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ej/uez026.

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Abstract We analyse decision-making in the presence of Freedom of Information (FOI) rules. A decision-maker chooses whether to acquire costly information to inform his decision regarding a policy action. If information is not disclosed voluntarily a monitor may open a costly investigation, using FOI to access the information. A finding of biased decision-making or negligence in information acquisition generates a reward to the monitor and a penalty to the decision-maker. We find that strengthening FOI to reduce the cost of investigation may increase negligence without necessarily reducing bias. Moreover, increasing the reward for discovering negligence can paradoxically increase negligence in equilibrium.

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Lidberg, Johan. "The International Freedom of Information Index." Nordicom Review 30, no. 1 (June 1, 2009): 167–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nor-2017-0145.

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Abstract During the past two decades, the number of countries that have enacted Freedom of Information (FOI) laws has increased dramatically. In many respects, FOI laws have become a democratic ‘right of passage’. No FOI, no ‘proper’ democracy. The promises of FOI regimes are far-reaching: extensive independent access to government-held information will lead to increased transparency, prevention of corruption and maladministration and greater public participation in the political process. But are these promises borne out by the practice of FOI? This article describes a study that tracked a number of real-life FOI requests in five countries. The project puts forward a prototype for the first International Freedom of Information Index, ranking the five countries of study on how their FOI regimes function in practice. In conclusion, the paper suggest that the FOI Index should be expanded to cover all 65 plus countries that have implemented FOI laws. It is argued that such an index could play an important role in furthering some of the core properties of liberal democracy: transparency, political accountability and good governance.

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Shepherd, Elizabeth. "Freedom of Information, Right to Access Information, Open Data: Who is at the Table?" Round Table 104, no. 6 (November 2, 2015): 715–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00358533.2015.1112101.

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Church, Jim. "In Larger Freedom: Access to Information and International Government Organization Archives." DttP: Documents to the People 47, no. 4 (December 6, 2019): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/dttp.v47i4.7211.

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In April 2019 at the International Studies Association (ISA) annual conference, I participated in a panel about International Organization Archives and the UN Depository system. There we learned of a report by the Joint Inspection Unit (JIU) of the United Nations titled “Strengthening Policy Research Uptake in the Context of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.” The report notes that “the research value and visibility of United Nations digital outputs, which are currently residing, unconnected, on numerous United Nations websites and in a plethora of diverse, online databases” presents challenges to researchers. They also recommend that “a principle of open access should operate by default for research products and data published or commissioned by the United Nations. This includes publications, authorship and co-authorship in open access journals or collections.” Per their mission statement, the JIU is the “only independent external oversight body of the United Nations system mandated to conduct evaluations, inspections and investigations system-wide.”

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Sturges, Paul. "Committee on Free Access to Information and Freedom of Expression (FAIFE)." IFLA Journal 31, no. 4 (December 2005): 368–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/034003520503100413.

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Choldin, Marianna Tax. "Beginning a Conversation on Access to Information and Freedom of Expression." IFLA Journal 22, no. 4 (December 1996): 280–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/034003529602200408.

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Southall, Noel T. "Freedom of Information Act Access to an Investigational New Drug Application." ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science 2, no. 6 (August 20, 2019): 497–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsptsci.9b00056.

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Lor, Peter Johan, and Johannes Jacobus Britz. "Is a knowledge society possible without freedom of access to information?" Journal of Information Science 33, no. 4 (March 23, 2007): 387–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165551506075327.

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Rachmiatie, Atie, O. Hasbiansyah, Ema Khotimah, and Dadi Ahmadi. "Strategi Komunikasi Politik dan Budaya Transparansi Partai Politik." MIMBAR, Jurnal Sosial dan Pembangunan 29, no. 2 (December 26, 2013): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/mimbar.v29i2.384.

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Freedom of information has become a momentum for the effort to realize good governance and promote democratic governance system in Indonesia. With the enactment of Freedom of Information Law No. 14 of 2008, the public was given access to the right of public information as human right such as guaranteed by law. Public freedom of information should encourage public participation. Political parties as public institutions also have to give information in the service of the public who wish to access any kind of information which is regulated by law. However, based on reports ICW, how difficult political parties provide the information requested by the ICW. This Article examines the political culture, political communication strategies and public freedom of information within the political parties.

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Trushina, Irina. "Freedom of access: ethical dilemmas for Internet librarians." Electronic Library 22, no. 5 (October 2004): 416–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02640470410561938.

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33

Mc Cullagh, Karen. "Information Access Rights in FOIA and FOISA – Fit for Purpose?" Edinburgh Law Review 21, no. 1 (January 2017): 55–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/elr.2017.0389.

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In this article, Dr Mc Cullagh examines whether the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (FOIA) and Freedom of Information (Scotland) Act 2002 (FOISA) are fit for purpose as they enter their second decade. A two-fold approach is used to make this determination. Firstly, an assessment of the degree of compliance of both Acts against a set of UN endorsed principles is undertaken. This reveals that neither Act is fully compliant with the normative principles. Secondly, the Acts are compared against each other. The comparative analysis demonstrates that the Acts are creatures of their respective parliaments and that their evolution has been shaped by the distinct political cultures in which they operate. It concludes that at present FOISA offers stronger information rights but that both Acts should be amended to ensure full compliance with the UN endorsed principles if both jurisdictions are to have information rights that are fit for purpose as they enter their second decade.

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Singh, Jagtar, and Chennupati K. Ramaiah. "Media and Information Literacy." DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology 41, no. 4 (August 2, 2021): 237–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/djlit.41.4.17381.

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Paul G. Zurkowski was the first to introduce the term information literacy in 1974 to describe the techniques and skills necessary for utilizing “a wide range of information tools and primary sources”. It also included the ability to measure information value to “mold information to [meet] needs” and to create solutions to problems.1-2 Since then, media literacy and information literacy has gained a base in advanced countries. But UNESCO is now promoting the composite concept of media and information literacy (MIL). To promote MIL and MIL research, it has founded the MIL Alliance and the Media and Information Literacy and Intercultural Dialogue (MILID UniTwin) to enable people to use information critically, ethically and legally in quality decision-making. Other useful initiatives of UNESCO include “MIL MOOC; Media and Information Literacy: Critical-thinking, Creativity, Literacy, Intercultural, Citizenship, Knowledge and Sustainability (MIL CLICKS); MIL Policy and Strategy Guidelines; MIL Curriculum for Teachers; MIL Indicators; MIL Framework; and MIL Week Feature Conference and Youth Agenda Forum. The International Federation of Library Association and Institutions (IFLA) has its programme entitled 'Freedom of Access to Information and Freedom of Expression (FAIFE)' and developed the MIL Guidelines. IFLA/FAIFE' programme is committed to ensure freedom of access to information and freedom of expression to empower people to realize their “right to be.”3 There are many models and standards to promote information literacy and MIL but MIL is not yet effectively imbedded in the developing countries. Hence, to sensitize the stakeholders about the concept and practice of MIL in India, this theme issue of the DESIDOC Journal of Information Technology (DJLIT) has been planned.

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Svärd, Proscovia. "Has the Freedom of Information Act enhanced transparency and the free flow of information in Liberia?" Information Development 34, no. 1 (October 3, 2016): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266666916672717.

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This article investigates if the adoption of the Liberian Freedom of Information (FOI) law 2010 has led to a transparent government and increased the free flow of government information. Freeing government information is expected to create transparent and accountable governments. It brings forth democratic and inclusive government institutions that work for the people. Inclusivity, transparency and accountability are expected to address sustainable development challenges and democracy deficits. Transparency and accountability can only be achieved through access to government information. The right to access government information is also included in the national constitution of Liberia. The citizens of Liberia in West Africa suffered from a protracted civil war between 1989–1996 and 1999–2003 respectively. These wars were partly caused by non-accountability of the governments, endemic corruption and the mismanagement of the countries’ resources. Efforts are being made by the government with the help of the international community to embrace a new democratic dispensation. Liberia was also one of the first African countries to enact a Freedom of Information (FOI) Law that would enable Liberians to access government information.

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Farmer, Lesley S. J. "Information as a Human Right." International Journal of Adult Vocational Education and Technology 6, no. 1 (January 2015): 18–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijavet.2015010102.

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Information lies at the core of freedom of expression since it empowers citizens to understand the functions of media and other information providers, to access and critically evaluate their content, and to make informed decisions as users and producer of information and media content. Information and related technologies have become increasingly essential to education, employment, social interaction, and civic participation. Resultantly, greater focus has been placed on the idea that information is a necessary human right. While physical access to technology is now imperative to survive and contribute in today's Information Society, intellectual access is also required, particularly with the Internet's interactive socially collaborative mode. In addition, organizations need to provide the infrastructure and other preconditions to insure equitable access and use of information.

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Woodbury, Marsha. "Information Integrity in Africa: Exploring Information Corruption Issues." International Review of Information Ethics 7 (September 1, 2007): 229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/irie39.

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This paper examines information integrity, with the premise that sound, dependable information enhances the values of the entire society. Several issues about information integrity of great concern to Africa are access to information, the right of individuals to correct records that are erroneous, accurate and culturally appropriate translations, and the standard of freedom of the press. The basis for this paper is human rights doctrine largely embodied in the ethical principals of the international informatics community.

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Johnston, Jane, and Mark Pearson. "Australia’s media climate: Time to renegotiate control." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 14, no. 2 (September 1, 2008): 72–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v14i2.945.

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In 2007, Australia was rated by two international media bodies as well down the chain in media freedom. Within its own borders, internal media groups—in particular the Australian Press Council and the Media Entertainment and Arts Alliance, as well as a consortium of major employer groups—have recently released reports investigating the position of media freedoms. This atricle examines a select few of these shrinking freedoms which range from the passive restrcitions on access to documents to the overt threat of imprisonment for publishing sensitive material. In particular, it considers laws relating to freedom of information, camera access to courts, shield laws and whistleblower protection and finally revamped anti-terrorism laws. The article maps the landscape of Australia's downgraded press fredom and suggests that laws controlling media reportage need to be renegotiated.

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Harlow, Carol. "Freedom of Information and Transparency as Administrative and Constitutional Rights." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 2 (1999): 285–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.5235/152888712802815860.

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Freedom of information is an idea which has been high on the political agenda of western democratic societies for many years. It has been cultivated, propagated and sometimes misused in self-interested fashion by the media. Its meaning, always imprecise, has fluctuated. It has been recycled under the American terms of “openness” and “Government in the Sunshine”. Recently it has been once more recycled under the fashionable term “transparency”. In the European context, this imprecision has been detrimental to the development of logical and sturdy principles concerning transparency and access to information. What has emerged from the conceptual confusion has been a reliance on the more restricted administrative law rights of access to information in contexts where a constitutional right to transparency would have been more appropriate, with a consequential impoverishment of the transparency concept in EC law.

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Harlow, Carol. "Freedom of Information and Transparency as Administrative and Constitutional Rights." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 2 (1999): 285–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1528887000003396.

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Abstract:

Freedom of information is an idea which has been high on the political agenda of western democratic societies for many years. It has been cultivated, propagated and sometimes misused in self-interested fashion by the media. Its meaning, always imprecise, has fluctuated. It has been recycled under the American terms of “openness” and “Government in the Sunshine”. Recently it has been once more recycled under the fashionable term “transparency”. In the European context, this imprecision has been detrimental to the development of logical and sturdy principles concerning transparency and access to information. What has emerged from the conceptual confusion has been a reliance on the more restricted administrative law rights of access to information in contexts where a constitutional right to transparency would have been more appropriate, with a consequential impoverishment of the transparency concept in EC law.

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Moon, Danielle. "Freedom of information: User pays (and still faces delays)." Alternative Law Journal 43, no. 3 (August 16, 2018): 192–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1037969x18787297.

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This article considers freedom of information in Australia and examines some of the practical barriers to access that persist following the 2009–2010 changes to the Freedom of Information Act 1982 (Cth). It considers, by way of case study, the issues of practical refusal, charges and delays, and draws a brief comparison with UK law and practice. It concludes that the current model in Australia must change if greater transparency is to result.

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Byrne, Alex. "Towards a World of Free Access to Information and Freedom of Expression." IFLA Journal 26, no. 4 (August 2000): 255–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/034003520002600403.

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Asogwa, Brendan Eze, and Ifeanyi Jonas Ezema. "Freedom of access to government information in Africa: trends, status and challenges." Records Management Journal 27, no. 3 (November 20, 2017): 318–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rmj-08-2015-0029.

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Purpose Agitation for adoption of freedom of access to government information is an emerging issue in Africa and has gathered momentum since 2000 when South Africa passed the first freedom of information (FoI) law in the continent. This paper aims to discuss the extent of passage of FoI laws in Africa, the reality of their implementation in some of the countries and the critical challenges and recommendations. Design/methodology/approach A document analysis approach was adopted for gathering vital information on the realities and challenges of FoI implementation in Africa. Literature on the concepts, principles and practice of FoI were reviewed, and relevant facts and figures were extracted to buttress the authors’ argument. Findings Only 14 (25.5 per cent) of the 55 countries in Africa had signed FoI law as on January 31, 2015; 16 (29.0 per cent) are still lobbying, while 25 (45.5 per cent) of the states had no significant plan yet. Political factors like colonial legacy, poor leadership, inexperienced record managers for the implementation of FoI Acts (FoIA), corruption and hydra-headed clauses such as “national security, and other privacy rights” impede access to government records in Africa. The paper recommended among others that African countries should amend restrictive laws that continue to impede full implantation of FoI laws. Practical implications Implementation of the provisions in the FoIA in Africa will not be realistic unless those restrictive clauses that hinder citizens from freely accessing government information are reviewed in line with free access to information. Originality/value This paper appears to be the first to review the status of FoIA in Africa since the first right to information laws were signed in the continent.

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Lazar, Jonathan, Timothy Elder, and Michael Stein. "Understanding the connection between HCI and freedom of information and access laws." Interactions 20, no. 6 (November 2013): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2527065.

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Tuyll, Debra Reddin Van. "Protecting Press Freedom and Access to Government Information in Antebellum South Carolina." Journalism History 43, no. 4 (January 2018): 209–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00947679.2018.12059182.

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Toplak, Jurij, and Boštjan Brezovnik. "Information delayed is justice denied." Informatologia 52, no. 1-2 (June 30, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.32914/i.52.1-2.1.

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European Court of Human Rights ruled in 2016 that the European Convention on Human Rights includes a right to access information held by public authorities. While according to international documents the procedures for accessing information should be ‘rapid’, the courts have yet to rule on what ‘rapid’ means and when the procedures are so long that they violate rights of those asking for information. This article analyses the length of proceedings in access to information cases in Slovenia and Croatia. It shows that these two countries do not have a system of effective protection of rights because the authorities can easily delay disclosure of information for several years. It argues that lengthy procedures violate the right to access the information and the freedom of expression. It then presents solutions for improving access to information procedures in order for them to become ‘rapid’

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Gennadievich Danilyan, Oleg, Alexander Petrovich Dzeban, Yury Yurievich Kalinovsky, Eduard Anatolievich Kalnytskyi, and Svetlana Borisovna Zhdanenko. "Personal information rights and freedoms within the modern society." Informatologia 51, no. 1-2 (June 30, 2018): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32914/i.51.1-2.3.

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The authors ascertain the correlation between the freedom of information use and both the freedom of speech and the right to information. There was applied the entire toolbox of interrelated and complementary universal scientific and specific methods inherent to philosophic research. The research methodology rests on the system and structure-functional analysis principles. The notions of information, freedom, justice and law are closely interlinked. When exercising freedom one inevitably makes his or her choice from among the available actions while relying on the previously obtained information. The human information rights that are, in their turn, a part of the overall notion of the law enjoys an exceptional role within the freedom of information. Far from being exhausted by the freedom of speech and the right to information, the freedom of information also includes various other aspects. It concerns the entire information and communication sphere at large. The freedom of information is not reduced to any certain type of socially-oriented information. The notion of the right to information goes beyond the right to access information while both of them take on the same social roles and are often terminologically interchangeable.

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Camaj, Lindita. "Governments’ Uses and Misuses of Freedom of Information Laws in Emerging European Democracies." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 93, no. 4 (July 11, 2016): 923–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077699015610073.

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This study tests the normative assumptions on the empowerment effects of freedom of information (FOI) legislation on the press–government relationship in the context of new democracies. In-depth interviews with journalists in Albania, Kosovo, and Montenegro imply that FOI laws can facilitate access to some previously unavailable official information. But, contrary to expectations, FOI laws are proving counterproductive for journalists who report stories beyond the official storyline, as government relies on this tool to control information access and the news agenda. The implication of these results for media freedom, agenda-building theory, and future transparency initiatives is discussed.

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Bebbington, Laurence W. "Information Ethics: Codes, Cases and Conclusions." Legal Information Management 3, no. 1 (2003): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1472669600001699.

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“If the Information Society is to be both open and universal it should develop along the principles embodied in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. They are, among others, the right to freedom of expression, free access to information, the right to education and the right to participate in cultural life.’ (UNESCO 2000)

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Falconer, Cobi. "“You Got to Have FAIFE”: The Role of Free Access to Information and Freedom of Information." Library Hi Tech News 24, no. 9/10 (October 30, 2007): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/07419050710874232.

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