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Journal articles on the topic 'Freedom of speech – Law and legislation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Bojanowski, Tomasz. "Wybrane prawnokarne aspekty mowy nienawiści w kontekście standardów ochrony wolności słowa." Prawo w Działaniu 47 (2021): 168–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.32041/pwd.4710.

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The article discusses criminal law aspects of hate speech in the context of standards of protection of freedom of speech on the example of the Republic of Poland. The aim of the article is to indicate the need for amendments in Polish criminal law in the field of hate speech in order to adapt the whole legislation to international standards of freedom of speech. The problem of the interaction between hate speech and freedom of speech is a sensitive and politically charged topic. Therefore, it should be examined in an interdisciplinary manner. The article first presents the sociological and soc

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Ivanova, Xenia A., and Alexander A. Stepanov. "Restrictions of the freedom of speech in France in the digital technologies era." Law Enforcement Review 3, no. 1 (2019): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24147/2542-1514.2019.3(1).15-23.

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The subject. The article reveals an understanding of the freedom of speech in French law The purpose of the article is to identify the contents of freedom of speech in the French law and to determine the boundaries of its implementation in the Internet as well as to confirm or refute the hypothesis that both the freedom of speech and the definition of the boundaries of that freedom meets the purposes of protection of human rights. The description of methodology. General scientific methods ‐ analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, comparison ‐ were used. The authors also use the formal legal

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3

Kirilenko, V. P., and G. V. Alekseev. "Problems of Harmonization of European and Russian Legislation on Defamation." Lex Russica 1, no. 9 (2019): 168–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2019.154.9.168-182.

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Russia’s integration into the global information space largely depends on how effectively fundamental human rights and freedoms will be protected by the current national legislation and the emerging integration law. Harmonization of Russian law with European standards of freedom of speech and protection of intangible rights of individuals and legal entities in terms of liability for defamation statements is a fundamentally important task to maintain the authority of the Russian Federation in the European political arena. The work of international human rights organizations, such as the Interna

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DI ROSA, ALESSANDRO. "PERFORMATIVE HATE SPEECH ACTS. PERLOCUTIONARY AND ILLOCUTIONARY UNDERSTANDINGS IN INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW." Age of Human Rights Journal, no. 12 (June 13, 2019): 105–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17561/tahrj.n12.6.

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The first part of this work analyses the concept of hate speech and its legal-philosophical foundations linked to freedom of speech, through the use of tools provided by current trends in the theory of performativity. The second part, in turn, aims to suggest two possible perspectives on the translation of these philosophical demands into positive legislation within human rights law: the first one based on a liberal conception of freedom as non-interference and a perlocutionary understanding of performative speech acts; the second one adopting a neo-republican interpretation of freedom as non-

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Gaïni, Sigri. "Universities and other Institutions – not Hate Speech Laws – are a threat to Freedom of Political Speech." Etikk i praksis - Nordic Journal of Applied Ethics, no. 1 (June 23, 2022): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5324/eip.v16i1.4826.

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One of the strongest arguments against hate speech legislation is the so-called Argument from Political Speech. This argument problematizes the restrictions that might be placed on political opinions or political critique when these opinions are expressed in a way which can be interpreted as ‘hateful’ towards minority groups. One of the strongest free speech scholars opposing hate speech legislation is Ronald Dworkin, who stresses that having restrictions on hate speech is, in fact, illegitimate in a liberal democracy. The right to express oneself freely concerning any political decision is, a

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Susianto, Yusuf Eko Nahuddin, and Riski Febria Nurita. "Freedom of Speech in the Context of Constitutional Law: Maintaining the Balance Between Freedom and Public Order." International Journal of Sustainable Law 2, no. 1 (2025): 7–11. https://doi.org/10.71131/jjbx9540.

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Freedom of speech is a fundamental human right in democratic systems, including in Indonesia, which is guaranteed by the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. However, despite being protected by the constitution, this freedom is not absolute and needs to be limited in certain cases to maintain public order, national security, and the rights of others. This study aims to analyze how freedom of speech is regulated in Indonesia's constitutional law, and how the state maintains the balance between individual freedom and public order. Using a normative research method, this study examines

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Iftikar, Jon S., David Hòa Khoa Nguyn, and Tevin Byers. "6 The Attack on Critical Race Theory and Higher Education: A Legal Analysis of the Impact of State Action on Faculty Free Speech." Philosophy and Theory in Higher Education 4, no. 3 (2022): 105–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/ptihe.032022.0007.

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Abstract: In this article, the authors review proposed and passed state legislation that aim to ban Critical Race Theory and other social justice content from public higher education institutions. Using the law as the theoretical framework and legal analysis as the methodology, the authors examine these state actions, focusing on implications for higher education faculty speech and academic freedom. The authors discuss the history and current state of the law in the areas of free speech and academic freedom, including U.S. Supreme Court and other federal courts of appeal cases on how free spee

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Pavlykivskyi, V. "Criminological analysis of the state, dynamics and structure of criminal offenses against the legitimate professional activity of journalists." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 2, no. 75 (2023): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2022.75.2.29.

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The article examines the problem of combating crime in the sphere of freedom of speech and journalistic activity at the legislative and law enforcement levels. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the main trends in the criminal law protection of legal professional activities of journalists. The study of the legal nature of the mechanism of criminal law regulation of the legitimate professional activities of journalists, coupled with the study of statistical indicators of the crime in question for 2014-2020, allowed the author to draw a number of conclusions that have theoretical an

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Sopova, Anastasia. "Development of the Law on Periodicals in the Russian Empire in 1906—1914." ISTORIYA 14, no. 4 (126) (2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840025346-9.

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The article reconstructs all stages of the development of legislation on the periodical press from 1906 to 1914. The article discusses the draft bills of political parties submitted to the I and IV State Duma and legislative initiatives of the government, including unfinished projects that have not been published. The author comes to conclusion that the direction of the legislative activity of the government has changed during the period under review. In 1908—1910, the Stolypin government was preparing a law that was supposed to limit administrative pressure on the press. In 1912—1913, Nichola

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Din, Malik Zia ud, Awais H. Gillani, and Gulala Pirzada. "PRIVATE SOCIAL MEDIA COMPANIES, GOVERNMENTS AND GLOBAL POPULATION: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS REGULATIONS." Pakistan Journal of Social Research 03, no. 03 (2021): 544–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.52567/pjsr.v3i3.401.

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Private social media corporations control speech much more stringently than any government, yet their platforms are being exploited to do serious damage to human rights. These media companies are governed mainly by themselves in top secrecy. Human rights' proponents have recommended media businesses should abide by international human rights legislation to address this. ICCPR statutes are the most well-known set of regulations for regulating speech globally. ICCPR Articles 19 and 20 might strengthen rules while allowing for more openness and supervision as a representative of billions of socia

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Kivistik, Olja, and Marju Luts-Sootak. "Limitation of Freedom of Speech and of the Press by Penal Law in the Final Decades of the Russian Empire." Juridica International 27 (September 30, 2018): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/ji.2018.27.04.

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In the 21st century, it is inappropriate to have to ask whether criticising a political regime or exercising freedom of speech could lead to criminal charges and criminal punishment. In contrast, a hundred years ago the restriction of people’s freedom of speech, especially in relation to political matters, was quite extensive, both in autocratic Russia and elsewhere. The article addresses the legal situation in the Estonian territory of the Russian Empire until 1918, when insubordination to state authority and inciting mutiny were punishable by law. On 17 April 1905, the so-called Freedom Mani

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Pasaribu, Mia Gisella Kartika. "Pembatasan Kebebasan Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Freedom of Speech." Honeste Vivere 35, no. 1 (2024): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.55809/hv.v35i1.360.

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Freedom of Speech is one of scope of human rights (HAM). Human rights are a natural right that is inherent in humans and is protected worldwide based on the publication of various human rights instruments by the United Nations (UN). Indonesia as a democratic country participates in full support for freedom of opinion by every citizen who applies the 1945 Constitution article 28E paragraph 3, Law No. 39 of 1999 Article 23 paragraph 2, and Law no. 12 of 2005 concerning Ratification of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). Various normative rules that provide guarantee

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Smirnova, M. S. "Anti-Extremist Legislation in the System of Protection of Constitutional Human Rights: The Problem of Integration." Juridical science and practice 17, no. 1 (2021): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2542-0410-2021-17-1-39-44.

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The article examines the problems associated with the integration of legislation on countering extremism in the system of human rights protection in Russia. The process of formation of the modern paradigm of the development of anti-extremist legislation is investigated. The established restrictions on some constitutional rights and freedoms of man and citizen are due to the adoption of the necessary measures to counter extremist activities by the state. First of all, this concerns such freedoms as freedom of speech, association, religion, and the activities of the media. The activities of law

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14

Tretiakova, Olga V. "Attitude to Law as an Indicator of the Journalist’s Legal Culture (Based on the Materials of an Expert Survey)." Humanitarian Vector 19, no. 3 (2024): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/1996-7853-2024-19-3-41-50.

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The article discusses an important part of the professional culture of a journalist – legal culture, which is based on knowledge of legal norms and journalists’ attitude to the law, manifested in their lawful behavior and, in general, in the activities of modern Russian mass media. As part of the research project of the Department of Theory of Journalism and Mass Communications at St. Petersburg State University, Professional Ideology of Journalism, a pilot study of the normative-legal discourse of journalists’ professional culture was conducted. The empirical basis for the study was expert in

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15

Tzu Wei Luk, Bryan, and Derek Chun Pong Cheung. "Fake News Legislation in Hong Kong: The Limitations of Current Laws to Counter the Fake News Wildfire." Athens Journal of Law 9, no. 1 (2022): 117–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajl.9-1-6.

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Hong Kong government is planning to legislate a new law that can fight against digital wildfire fake news. Hong Kong has faced two waves of fake news digital wildfires in the past few years: The 2019 social unrests in Hong Kong and the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. The city has witnessed how fake news can undermine social trust and social cohesion, causing large-scale damage to both societies and governments. Fake news brings substantial damage to society due to the erosion of the credibility of governments, rule of law, and the democratic system’s human security. The government’s announcement of le

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Newman, Christopher J. "Allowing Free Speech and Prohibiting Persecution—A Contemporary Sophie's Choice." Journal of Criminal Law 70, no. 4 (2006): 329–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1350/jcla.70.4.329.

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This article considers the approach of three distinct common law jurisdictions to the problems faced by courts when an individual's right to freedom of expression is invoked as a defence to a low-level public order offence. The contrasting approach of courts in England, Australia and the USA will be examined in order to ascertain whether there is a simple balancing act to be made on a case-by-case basis or whether an optimal model of public order legislation can be established to provide some certainty when rights to freedom of expression collide with the wider rights of the community.

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17

Kołodziejski, Konrad. "Na autorytarnym kursie." Politeja 18, no. 6(75) (2021): 199–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/politeja.18.2021.75.10.

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An Authoritarian Course: The Restriction of Civil Rights in Russia after 2012 This article regards the issue of Russian civil rights legislation, which has become very repressive after 2012. It focuses on legal restriction of all political and social activities that are beyond the control of the authorities, in particular the freedom of public meetings. Another goal of the Kremlin's repressive policy is the Internet, which has become the only space for freedom of speech in Russia. The new legislation tries to prevent this by two mechanisms: censorship and self-censorship. The consistent restri

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18

Łukowiak, Dominik. "Między wolnością słowa a zasadą równości biernego prawa wyborczego. Ramy prawne systemu finansowania kampanii wyborczych w świetle I poprawki do Konstytucji USA." Studia Iuridica 72 (April 17, 2018): 207–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0011.7599.

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The article is a paper presented during the Poland-wide academic conference The U.S. Constitution – theory and practice. The basis for reflections constitutes an issue of the constitutionality of the federal legislation establishing restrictions on the money’s influence on financing election campaigns. The paper focuses on an analysis of the U.S. Supreme Court’s case law related to the range of an acceptable interference of such regulations in the freedom of speech and political expression clause of the First Amendment to the Constitution. The author discusses selected statements contained in

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19

Vindele, Liene, and Renate Cane. "Parody as a Fair Use of Freedom of Speech." ACTA PROSPERITATIS 14, no. 1 (2023): 186–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37804/1691-6077-2023-14-186-196.

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Abstract The right to criticize or parody has always been a fundamental human right. In today’s world of technology and the Internet, parodies or caricatures of someone’s work are not uncommon. Technology has become so readily available that anyone can create a parody or caricature of another person’s work. The main task of the nowadays researchers is find balance between one person’s right to the inviolability of his property and the right of other persons to imitate it. The aim of this article is to analyze the concept of parody and caricature, as well as the case law of different countries

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20

Stajnko, Jan, Daniel Siter, and Luka Martin Tomažič. "Discrimination, freedom of expression and two concepts of liberty: Assessing European legislation criminalizing hate speech." Hungarian Journal of Legal Studies 64, no. 2 (2024): 288–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/2052.2023.00444.

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AbstractHate speech has been linked to categorization, stereotyping and discrimination challenges. Moreover, it presents an intersection of criminal law, criminology, philosophy of law and psychology. The authors analyse discrimination and freedom of expression in the legal framework of the European Union and in the practice of the European Court of Human Rights. They apply Berlin's two concepts of liberty, namely positive and negative liberty, to research the nature of European jurisprudence and the selected legislative frameworks. The choice between conceptions of essential moral and politic

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Umboh, Nova Konny, and Hudi Yusuf. "Juridical Analysis of The Spread of Hate Speech Conducted by Responsible Parties Through Social Media." Journal of Social Research 2, no. 9 (2023): 2955–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.55324/josr.v2i9.1351.

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Convenience freedom argues with dependence on technology brings the development of new types of crime that as appearance speech hatred or hate speech that is done on social media either from typing as well as videos. such things, if not arranged more continue so, would be very worrying, society will not be off bounds and will raise inconvenience or feeling offended at someone or a group certain. The article will discuss How law criminals looked at criminal speech hatred or this hate speech and will also discuss what is the proof system in following criminal speech hatred. The method used to st

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Kapelańska-Pręgowska, Julia, and Maja Pucelj. "Freedom of Expression and Hate Speech: Human Rights Standards and Their Application in Poland and Slovenia." Laws 12, no. 4 (2023): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/laws12040064.

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Even though hate speech is an extreme form of intolerance, which contributes to hate crime, the assessment of this particular behavior and its expressions is often problematic, because hate speech is difficult to define and even more difficult to investigate and punish. In the present article, the authors analyze the development of human rights standards (in particular as interpreted in the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights) regarding freedom of expression and hate speech and look at their application in Poland and Slovenia through a comparative analysis of Polish and Slovenian la

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Dianita, Komang Vita. "The Freedom of Speech Based on Jerinx Case, ITE Law Approach." Journal of Digital Law and Policy 1, no. 1 (2021): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.58982/jdlp.v1i1.91.

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Freedom of expression has actually been guaranteed in the law. As a citizen, having an opinion according to what is considered right is certainly a legal thing. The phenomenon of opinion in various social media is currently being loved. The thing that has often been an issue in recent weeks is the truth about the Covid-19 pandemic. Jerinx, a member of a well-known musician band in Bali, often voices opinions that are different from what actually happened. He considers that this pandemic is just a conspiracy of the global elite. The opinions expressed were conveyed through his social media chan

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Fatmawati, Fatmawati, Muhammad Shuhufi, and Anita Chaturvedi. "Defamation in the New Criminal Code: A Review of Substantive Justice." Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan 11, no. 3 (2023): 465–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/ius.v11i3.1288.

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This research will discuss significant changes in defamation regulations in the New Indonesian Criminal Code with a focus on substantive justice aspects to understand their impact within the context of criminal law in Indonesia. The study employs a normative legal research method that centers on the analysis of legislation to comprehend and evaluate the regulation of defamation in the New Indonesian Criminal Code from a substantive justice perspective. Analysis is gathered from legal sources and official government documents through qualitative analysis. The research novelty is provisions for

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FASTERLING, Björn, and David LEWIS. "Leaks, legislation and freedom of speech: How can the law effectively promote public-interest whistleblowing?" International Labour Review 153, no. 1 (2014): 71–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1564-913x.2014.00197.x.

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Shumakova, N. I. "Culture of Hate in Digital Environment: Deformation of the Borders of Freedom of Speech, Conscience and Religion." Moscow Juridical Journal, no. 1 (May 22, 2024): 29–36. https://doi.org/10.18384/2949-513x-2024-1-29-36.

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Aim. To identify premises of the so-called «culture of hate» in the digital environment by analyzing the specifics of realization freedom of speech, conscience and religion and other freedom codependent with them such as freedom of information and opinion within it. To evaluate the ability of the current Russian legislation to response to the challenges caused by the digitalization of social relationships and the development of digital technologies.Methodology. The author used general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization etc.) and private scientific methods (formal judicial method,

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McCulloch, Jude, and Joo-Cheong Tham. "Secret State, Transparent Subject: The Australian Security Intelligence Organisation in the Age of Terror." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 38, no. 3 (2005): 400–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/acri.38.3.400.

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This article describes the secrecy provisions embodied in the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation Legislation Amendment Act 2003 (Cwlth). The article explains how these provisions curb freedom of speech and remove ASIO's activities from the domain of public scrutiny. It argues that by effectively criminalising open discussion of ASIO's activities the provisions insulate much of the domestic ‘war on terror’ from the public gaze. It also argues that the provisions implicitly sanction lawlessness by ASIO in open breach of the rule of law. By undermining free speech and the rule of law,

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Dr., Kinnaben T. Chadokia. "Defending Democracy: The Complex Interplay Between Sedition And Free Speech In India." Young Researcher 12, no. 3 (2023): 89 to 99. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10553685.

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<em>The inclusion of the right to freedom of expression inside the Indian Constitution is of paramount importance, as it constitutes an integral element of fundamental rights. Due to the continuous evolution of individuals' ideas and methods of communication, coupled with the amendments made to Indian laws, the space for outdated and authoritarian British constraints has significantly diminished. Nevertheless, it is indeed surprising to note that during almost seven decades of independence, both the Parliament and state legislatures have refrained from amending the provisions outlined in Secti

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Turner, Ian. "Limits to Terror Speech in the UK and USA: Balancing Freedom of Expression with National Security." Amicus Curiae 1, no. 2 (2020): 201–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14296/ac.v1i2.5130.

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Article 10(1) of the European Convention on Human Rights, freedom of expression, is incorporated into UK law. With the growing Islamist terror threat after 9/11, particularly threatening European security, the Council of Europe introduced the Convention on the Prevention of Terrorism (CPT) 2005. One of the Articles within the Convention, Article 5, obliges states to outlaw ‘public provocation to commit a terrorist offence’. Drawing on its obligations in the CPT, the UK enacted section 1 of the Terrorism Act 2006: ‘encouragement of terrorism’. But, in implementing its duties, the UK went furthe

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Gorazdowski, Krzysztof. "Between freedom and hate/ selected aspects of criminal law regulation of hate speech crimes /." Studia Administracji i Bezpieczeństwa 14, no. 14 (2023): 61–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.7817.

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The publication presents the phenomenon of hate speech in the context of the regulations of Polish criminal law, which mainly refers to hate crime, in particular art. 119, 256, 257 of the Criminal Code (hereinafter the CC). It was preceded by a short description of the evolution of hate speech in Poland, which leads to an analysis of the contemporary socio-political situation in Poland and an assessment of the legal status. around the ongoing public discussion on this issue, including the constant presence of hate speech in the public space. The conducted historical and social arguments lead t

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Han, Dong Hoon. "Constitutional Review of France's Regulation of Hate Speech and Illegal Information on the Internet." Korean Association of International Association of Constitutional Law 29, no. 3 (2023): 53–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24324/kiacl.2023.29.3.053.

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France's Hate Speech on the Internet Act introduced different regulatory mechanisms depending on the nature of the information, and provided for imprisonment or fines for information intermediary service providers who violated their obligations under the Hate Speech on the Internet Act. In an Ex ante review of the France's Hate Speech on the Internet Act, the French Constitutional Court found that the main provisions of the law violated the right to freedom of expression under the French Constitution. First, the French Constitutional Court found that the restrictions on terrorist or chil

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Ivanov, Anton A., Sergey G. Konovalov, and Evgenii I. Diskin. "Legal Chronicle." Zakon 22, no. 4 (2025): 116–30. https://doi.org/10.37239/0869-4400-2025-22-4-116-130.

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In the April Chronicle read comments on the new legal institution of self-limitation on credit, which was introduced into law in February 2024, on the law amending the Criminal Procedure Code within the framework of humanisation of criminal policy, as well as on international trends in the regulation of freedom of speech on the Internet, using the example of significant legislative changes in the field of guaranteeing freedom of speech in the United States, adopted with the President Trump return to power.

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Lendvai, Gergely Ferenc, and Gergely Gosztonyi. "Sacred Flames: the Burning of Quran in the Context of Free Speech." Religion & Human Rights 20, no. 1 (2025): 19–38. https://doi.org/10.1163/18710328-bja10048.

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Abstract The study aims to add to the discourse on Quran burning via examining its legal and sociopolitical dimensions. We analyse the ECtHR case law, and policy debates to understand the liaison between individual freedoms, religious rights, different cultural values, and societal norms. Findings highlight that Quran burning, often “framed” as free speech, causes challenges in protecting individual rights and public order. Although, the ECtHR’s doctrinal reasonings can be applied to Quran burning, there are still deep-rooted issues in Europe especially in terms of outdated blasphemy laws, con

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Elfaiz, Fariz, Saiuddin Zahri, Arief Wisnu Wardhana, and Harmonis Sastro. "Criminal Law Consequences of Freedom of Expression on Social Media According to Law Number 1 of 2024 Concerning the Second Amendment to Law Number 11 of 2008 Concerning Electronic Information and Transactions." Journal of Correctional Issues 8, no. 1 (2025): 258–66. https://doi.org/10.52472/jci.v8i1.536.

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In the digital era, the freedom of expression granted to individuals through social media has the potential to be misused, such as by spreading information that is unlawful or harmful to others. In this context, it is important to analyze the legal regulations governing freedom of expression in digital spaces, with a focus on the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, Law Number 11 of 2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE Law), the latest amendment in Law Number 1 of 2024, and Article 23 paragraph (2) of Law Number 39 of 1999 on Human Rights. This study aims to understa

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Tereshko, K. Y. "DEFAMATION IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH CARE: COLLEGIALITY OF DOCTORS VS. CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF DOCTORS' ACTIVITIES." Medicne pravo, no. 2(28) (October 7, 2021): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.25040/medicallaw2021.02.080.

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From the scientific point of view, the issue of defamation is poorly researched and not properly regulated at the legislative level. This this issue is even more crucial if talking about defamation in the field of health care. Defamation is the dissemination of unreliable information about a person, which degrades their honor and dignity, damages business reputation. Defamation is synonymous with the notion “humiliation of honor, dignity and business reputation”. In general, Ukrainian legislation does not use the term defamation, however, as a laconic meaningful word of foreign origin, i

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Arena, Valentina. "Between Rhetoric, Social Norms, and Law: Liberty of Speech in Republican Rome." Polis: The Journal for Ancient Greek and Roman Political Thought 37, no. 1 (2020): 72–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/20512996-12340258.

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Abstract Although modern Republicanism, which highly values the right of freedom of speech, finds its inspiration in the historical reality of the Roman Republic, it seems that in the course of the Republican period citizens shared a recognised ability to speak freely in public, but did not enjoy equal status with one another in the domain of speech as protected by law. Of course, Republican Rome knew laws regulating free speech and perhaps even later provisions had been passed concerning iniuria. However, in these cases, as later on under Augustus, these measures acted as means of restraint a

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Suhandry Aristo Sitanggang, Tajul Arifin, and Ine Fauzia. "Kebebasan Berpendapat dan Jerat Digital: Analisis Nullum Crimen Sine Lege dalam Pasal 27 Ayat (3) Undang-Undang ITE dan Relevansinya dengan Pasal 19 Deklarasi Universal Hak Asasi Manusia." As-Syar i: Jurnal Bimbingan & Konseling Keluarga 7, no. 1 (2025): 267–77. https://doi.org/10.47467/as.v7i1.6423.

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The fact that the ITE Law's implementation of Article 27 Paragraph 3 fails to meet one of the legality principle's requirements—nullum crimen, nulla poena sine lege certa—motivates this study. “The article does not give the community legal certainty because it is ambiguous and subject to multiple interpretations. One of the fundamental rights guaranteed by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights is the right to free speech. The purpose of this study is to examine digital traps and freedom of speech. It also examines the ITE Law's nullum crimen sine lege premise and how it relates to Article

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Nikiforova, T. I. "Criminal legal protection of the equality of citizens: the limits of criminalization." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 1 (March 1, 2025): 623–28. https://doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2025.01.103.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of methods of criminal legal prohibition in the field of combating discrimination of people on any grounds. It is established that Art. 161 of the Criminal Code, which provides for criminal liability for violation of the equality of citizens, has been repeatedly amended. Many draft laws on amendments to this article were not submitted for consideration by the Verkhovna Rada due to the significant number of evaluative concepts contained in them. The Recommendation CM/Rec(2022)16 of the Committee of Ministers to member states on combating hatred of May 20,

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Shpugаnych, I. I., and Y. Ya Samahalska. "Right to information on the digital environment." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 4, no. 86 (2025): 65–70. https://doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2024.86.1.4.10.

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The article analyzes the concept and essence of the right to information as part of the right to freedom of speech and expression. This approach is enshrined in international law and supported by ntional legislation. The Law «On Information» is considered to be as general law regulating the right to information in Ukraine, which stipulates that the right to information includes freely receiving, using, distributing and storing it for the implementation of person’s rights and legitimate his interests. It is also allowed to protect it from illegal encroachment by others. By having analyzed the r

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Ng Yan Chao, Ivan. "“Asian Values” in Different Forms: A Comparative Examination of How Singapore, Indonesia and Myanmar Address Insults to Religion." Religion & Human Rights 15, no. 3 (2021): 207–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18710328-bja10013.

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Abstract Insults to religion have the potential to stoke tensions and result in physical violence. To protect religious sensitivities, speech which insults religion may be criminalised, even in countries where freedom of speech is enshrined as a constitutional right. The purpose of this article is to look at the role played by the state in dealing with speech which insults religion, through an examination of three Southeast Asian case studies. This article attempts to provide a comparison of the constitutional provisions and specific legislation relating to the insulting of religion in the thr

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Ивлиев, П. В. "THE MECHANISM OF LEGAL REGULATION OF MEDIA ACTIVITY IN MODERN RUSSIA: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS." Теория государства и права, no. 4(25) (January 18, 2022): 144–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.47905/matgip.2021.25.4.012.

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В данном исследовании рассматриваются некоторые аспекты регулирования деятельности отечественных средств массовой информации. Проводится анализ норм российского законодательства, начиная с общих положений основного закона государства, федерального законодательства в области свободы печати и слова, норм административного, гражданского и уголовного права в сфере организации и функционирования указанных юридических лиц. Кроме того, автором рассматриваются органы и учреждения, уполномоченные регулировать отдельные вопросы деятельности СМИ. This study examines some aspects of the regulation of the

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Najman, Michał. "O zniesławieniu zmarłych w prawie japońskim." Gdańskie Studia Azji Wschodniej, no. 24 (December 2023): 80–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/23538724gs.23.025.19020.

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Defamation of the deceased in Japanese law Japan is considered the country with the most lenient laws restricting freedom of speech. However, this state of affairs has recently changed due to the suicide of a celebrity caused by hate speech directed at her mainly through social media. Nevertheless, the actual sanctions for violation of reputation (honor) in Japanese law are less strict compared to European regulations because of historical, social, and cultural conditions. Extra-legal norms that have been developed allow society to function properly even without requiring the law to interfere

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Minifee, Paul. "Rhetoric of Doom and Redemption: Reverend Jermain Loguen's Jeremiadic Speech Against the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850." Journal for the History of Rhetoric 16, no. 1 (2013): 29–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jhistrhetoric.16.1.0029.

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ABSTRACT In his monumental speech protesting the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, Rev. Jermain W. Loguen urges his fellow townsmen of Syracuse, NY, an “open city” to fugitives, to defy the new federal legislation by protecting the city's fugitives from federal marshals en route to apprehend them. My analysis of Loguen's speech examines his use of American and African American jeremiadic strategies to convince his audience of primarily white Christian abolitionists that their unified resistance against the new law was part of God's providential plan to redeem the nation of the sin of slavery. My stu

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Teršek, Andraž. "Common and Comprehensive European Definition of Hate-Speech Alternative Proposal." Open Political Science 3, no. 1 (2020): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/openps-2020-0019.

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AbstractEurope needs to define the term and legal (criminal & constitutional) concept of “hate speech” precisely. The definition must be written in legal literature and in legislation. It must also be offered by the European Constitutional Courts and, last but not least, by the ECtHR. A descriptive definition offered inter alia by the ECtHR judgement in case of Vejdeland vs. Sweden (2012) was only a guidance. The new ECtHR judgement in the case of Carl Jóhann Lilliendahl vs. Iceland (11th of June 2020) addressed “homophobic speech” as “hate speech” directly. By combining the ECtHR case-law

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Kotendzhy, E. "Comparative analysis of the problems of implementation of the freedom of speech in the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine before and after their annexation by the Russian Federation." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 1, no. 84 (2024): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2024.84.1.24.

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The article analyzes the problem of implementing freedom of speech in the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine, as well as compares the actual situation of observing the human right to freedom of speech before and after Russia’s annexation of four regions of Ukraine in 2022. During the study, cases of arbitrary restriction of this freedom by the occupation administration of the Russian Federation were characterized and the reasons for such restrictions were determined. The article emphasizes that the real purpose of establishing restrictions on freedom of speech and other human rights a

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Laclavíková, Miriam, and Tomáš Gábriš. "Zákon na ochranu republiky a ľavicová opozícia vo svetle rozhodovacej praxe Najvyššieho súdu ČSR (prečin „rušení obecného míru“)." PRÁVNĚHISTORICKÉ STUDIE 53, no. 3 (2024): 55–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/2464689x.2023.45.

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The authors analyse decisions of the Supreme Court of the Czechoslovak Republic regarding the application of the Act on the Protection of the Republic (1923) in cases of disturbing the peace, perceived as manifestations of left-wing radicalism. In addition to the legal-historical analysis of selected representative cases, the authors also address the issue of proportionality within the framework of legislation and its judicial application in the sense of the necessity of the correct assessment of the necessity and adequacy of the state authorities’ interference into the freedom of speech in th

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Fliter, I. S. "The realization of the right to freedom of speech on the Internet." Digital Law Journal 2, no. 3 (2021): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.38044/2686-9136-2021-2-3-55-70.

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The expression of opinions on the Internet has a number of features in comparison with traditional means of information dissemination. Firstly, imposition of classical measures of legal liability can be difficult due to the peculiarities of cyber space: anonymity and erasure of jurisdictional boundaries. In this regard, a new mechanism of restrictions has appeared, which consists in the withdrawal of information that violates the law or the rights of other citizens from the Internet at the direction of state bodies. The trends in this area are the predominance of the administrative procedure f

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Murad, Mohammad Hasan, and Kazi Arshadul Hoque. "The Right to Information Act in Bangladesh: An Analysis in the Light of Johannesburg Principles of Freedom of Information Legislation." IIUC Studies 7 (October 19, 2012): 73–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/iiucs.v7i0.12261.

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Today's knowledge based world is now resonating with the call for meaningful democracy backed by transparency and accountability in the state engine and peoples right of access to information has gained a great importance. In a modern democratic state, the right to information, more popularly described as the right to know, is an indispensable prerequisite. There is no denying the fact that the notion of freedom of thought, of conscience, of speech and rule of law become worthless if the people are deprived of access to information. There appears to have been a universal recognition of the

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Rzayeva, Gulnaz. "Konstitusiyaya dəyişikliyə zərurət varmı: Azərbaycanda informasiya sahəsində hüquq və azadlıqlara dair normalarda ziddiyyətlər". Azerbaijan Law Journal 24, № 2 (2024): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.61638/zmsk2137.

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The Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan forms the basis of the national legislative system. As in all areas of law, the guiding provisions and preliminary beginnings for the right to information are defined in the Constitution. However, the changes in the forms of realization of rights and freedoms in the field of information, arising from the demands of the modern era, make it necessary to reconsider many constitutional norms. In the article we have presented, the following articles of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan will be analyzed and suggestions and recommendations w

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Kulnev, Alexander. "Hate speech laws in modern jurisprudence: in search of a reliable foundation." Sravnitel noe konstitucionnoe obozrenie 32, no. 4 (2023): 93–121. https://doi.org/10.21128/1812-7126-2023-4-93-121.

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This article critically examines the rationale behind prohibiting hate speech and the significant harm it causes. Drawing upon concepts from legislation, scholarship, and judicial practice, we identify two prominent models that capture the essence of these concepts. The first model posits that harm resulting from hate speech manifests itself not immediately, but in the future. It attributes the responsibility for this harm to the recipients of the message who, under its influence, engage in illegal acts such as violence or discrimination. The two-step harmfulness model, as we refer to it, pres

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